Class Exercise

Chapter 7
Transient Oil Well Testing
Question 1 is taken from Reservoir Engineering Handbook by Tarek
Ahmed

Build-up Test
Q1. Before shut-in, the well had produced at a stabilized rate of 4,900 STB/day for
12.917 days.
pressure buildup data
t

Pws

t-cnt

hrs
0
0.1
0.21
0.31
0.52
0.63
0.73
0.84
0.94
1.05
1.15
1.36
1.68
1.99
2.51

psia
2,761
3,057
3,153
3,234
3,249
3,256
3,260
3,263
3,266
3,267
3,268
3,271
3,274
3,276
3,280

hrs
3.04
3.46
4.08
5.03
5.97
6.07
7.01
8.06
9
10.05
13.09
16.02
20
26.07
31.03
34.98
37.54

Pwscnt
psia
3,283
3,286
3,289
3,293
3,297
3,297
3,300
3,303
3,305
3,306
3,310
3,313
3,317
3,320
3,322
3,323
3,323

Known reservoir data

rw
0.354
ft
ct
2.26E-05 psi-1
q
4900 stb/d
h
482
ft
final pwf
2761
psia
oil vicosity
0.2
cP
porosity
0.09 fraction
Bo
1.55 rb/stb
flowing time 310
hrs

Using Horner Build-up analysis

calculate:
Average permeability, k?
Skin factor?

Horner Analysis
(t+tp)

310.10
310.21
310.31
310.52
310.63
310.73
310.84
310.94
311.05
311.15
311.36
311.68
311.99
312.51
313.04
313.46
314.08

(t+tp)/t Log[(t+tp)/t] P'ws

psi/cycle
3101.00
3.4915
1477.00
3.17
298.02
1001.00
3.00
479.44
597.00
2.78
66.83
493.00
2.69
84.21
426.00
2.63
63.05
370.00
2.57
49.01
331.00
2.52
62.02
296.00
2.47
20.60
271.00
2.43
26.09
229.00
2.36
41.02
186.00
2.27
33.21
157.00
2.20
27.17
125.00
2.10
40.41
103.00
2.01
35.68
90.60
1.96
53.85
77.00
1.89
42.47

(t+tp)

315.03
315.97
316.07
317.01
318.06
319.00
320.05
323.09
326.02
330.00
336.07
341.03
344.98
347.54

(t+tp)/t Log[(t+tp)/t] P'ws

psi/cycle
62.60
1.80
44.49
52.90
1.72
54.71
52.10
1.72
0.00
45.20
1.66
48.62
39.50
1.60
51.25
35.40
1.55
42.02
31.80
1.50
21.47
24.70
1.39
36.45
20.40
1.31
36.12
16.50
1.22
43.41
12.90
1.11
28.07
11.00
1.04
28.90
9.90
1.00
21.85
9.30
0.97
0.00

Horner Analysis
Pws vs. Log(Horner time):
3,400
3,300

Pws, psi

3,200
3,100
3,000
2,900
2,800
2,700
2,600
2,500
0

0.5

1.5
2
Log [(t+t)/t]

2.5

3.5

Horner Analysis
Pws and Pws vs. Log(Horner time):
600

3,400
3,300

500
3,200
400

3,000
300
2,900
2,800

200

2,700
100
2,600
2,500

0
0

P'ws, psi/cycle

Pws, psi

3,100

Horner Analysis
3,500

600

3,400

y = -41.9x + 3,368.6

500

3,300
3,200
Pws, psi

3,100
3,000

300

2,900
200

2,800
2,700

100

2,600
2,500

0
0

P'ws, psi/cycle

400

m=41.9 psi/cycle
Z*=3368.6 psi

Horner Analysis
qBo
m = 162.6
= 41.9
kh
Permeability: So, after substituting the parameters in the above equation with their
values from the data given:
k= 12.23 mD

Z * p wf

kt
log
+ 3 .23
S = 1 .151
2
m
crw

Skin Factor: Given Z*=3368.6 psi, Pwf=2761 psia, t=310 hrs, and substituting other
parameters in the above equation with their values from the data given:
S= +6.74

Drawdown Test
Q2

Pi
q
Bo
vis.
rw
h
poro.
co
cw
cf
Swr

3937
8000
1.35
0.41
0.25
24
0.16
0.000012
0.0000045
0.000005
0.14

Using drawdown analysis calculate:

Average permeability, k?
Skin factor?

psia
stb/d
rb/stb
cp
ft
ft
/psi
/psi
/psi

Time Pwf
(hrs) (psia)
0 3937.0
1 3150.8
2 3123.5
3 3107.4
4 3096.1
5 3087.3
6 3080.1
8 3068.7
10 3059.9
12 3052.7
14 3045.9
16 3039.3
18 3032.7
20 3026.1
22 3019.5
24 3012.9
36 2973.3
48 2933.7
60 2894.1
72 2854.5
84 2814.9
96 2775.3
108 2735.7

Time
(hrs)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
36
48
60
72
84
96
108

Pwf
(psia)
3937.0
3150.8
3123.5
3107.4
3096.1
3087.3
3080.1
3068.7
3059.9
3052.7
3045.9
3039.3
3032.7
3026.1
3019.5
3012.9
2973.3
2933.7
2894.1
2854.5
2814.9
2775.3
2735.7

Log(t)

P'wf

0.00
0.30
0.48
0.60
0.70
0.78
0.90
1.00
1.08
1.15
1.20
1.26
1.30
1.34
1.38
1.56
1.68
1.78
1.86
1.92
1.98
2.03

90.915
90.915
90.915
90.915
90.915
90.915
90.915
90.915
101.573
113.809
129.026
144.239
159.448
174.656
224.883
316.955
408.627
500.118
591.515
682.853
774.155

3200

900

m= 90.915 psi/cycle

3150

800

3100

700
600

3000

500
2950

Pwf

2900

P'wf

400
300

2850
2800

200

2750

100

2700

0
0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

Log(t)

2.0

2.5

P'wf (psi/hr)

Pwf (psia)

3050

 Permeability:

qBo
m = 162.6
kh
k=330 mD

Skin factor:

p i p wf (1hr )

k
log
+ 3.23
S = 1.151
2
m
crw

ct=1.595E-5

S=+2.5

Build-up Test
Q3. Before shut-in, an oil well had produced 1500 stb of oil. The final recorded
flowrate was 5800 stb/d.
pressure buildup data
Time, min Pressure, psi
0
2270
1
2331
2
2374
3
2397
4
2408
5
2417
6
2420
7
2424
8
2428
9
2431
10
2433
15
2440
30
2452
45
2458
60
2463
90
2469
120
2474
180
2481
240
2484
300
2488
360
2489
420
2491
480
2491
540
2495
600
2496
660
2497
720
2497

Known reservoir data

o
Bo
ct

h
rw

0.8
1.3
1.275E-05
0.2
145
0.25

cp
rb/stb
psi-1
fraction
ft
ft

Using Horner Build-up analysis

calculate:
Average permeability, k?
Skin factor?

Horner Analysis
=

24

1500
24 = 6.21
5800

Time, min Pressure, psi

0
2270
1
2331
2
2374
3
2397
4
2408
5
2417
6
2420
7
2424
8
2428
9
2431
10
2433
15
2440
30
2452
45
2458
60
2463
90
2469
120
2474
180
2481
240
2484
300
2488
360
2489
420
2491
480
2491
540
2495
600
2496
660
2497
720
2497

t, hr
0.000
0.017
0.033
0.050
0.067
0.083
0.100
0.117
0.133
0.150
0.167
0.250
0.500
0.750
1.000
1.500
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
8.000
9.000
10.000
11.000
12.000

tp+t (tp+t)/t
6.21
6.22
373.41
6.24
187.21
6.26
125.14
6.27
94.10
6.29
75.48
6.31
63.07
6.32
54.20
6.34
47.55
6.36
42.38
6.37
38.24
6.46
25.83
6.71
13.41
6.96
9.28
7.21
7.21
7.71
5.14
8.21
4.10
9.21
3.07
10.21
2.55
11.21
2.24
12.21
2.03
13.21
1.89
14.21
1.78
15.21
1.69
16.21
1.62
17.21
1.56
18.21
1.52

log((tp+t)/t)

P'ws

2.57
2.27
2.10
1.97
1.88
1.80
1.73
1.68
1.63
1.58
1.41
1.13
0.97
0.86
0.71
0.61
0.49
0.41
0.35
0.31
0.28
0.25
0.23
0.21
0.19
0.18

143.396
131.479
88.865
93.987
38.446
60.790
70.362
59.985
44.823
41.068
42.174
37.454
45.618
40.827
51.209
55.486
37.426
71.025
23.775
61.066
0.000
185.090
55.254
64.977
0.000

Horner Analysis
Pws vs. Log(Horner time):
2520

200
P'ws

2500

180

2480

160

2460

140

2440

120

2420

100

2400

80

2380

60

2360

40

2340

20

2320

0
0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50
log((t+t)/t)

2.00

2.50

3.00

P'ws, (psi/cycle)

Pws, psi

Pws

Horner Analysis
Pws and Pws vs. Log(Horner time):
2520

200

Pws
Transient

2500

180

P'ws

160

Linear (Transient)

2460

140

2440

120
y = -41.239x + 2498.3

2420

100

2400

80

2380

60

2360

40

2340

20

2320

0
0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50
log((t+t)/t)

2.00

2.50

3.00

P'ws, (psi/cycle)

Pws, psi

2480

Horner Analysis

2500

Pws, psi

200

Pws
Transient
P'ws
Linear (Transient)

180

2480

160

2460

140

2440

120
y = -41.239x + 2498.3

2420

100

2400

80

2380

60

2360

40

2340

20

P'ws, (psi/cycle)

2520

m=41.2 psi/cycle
Z*=2,498 psi

2320
0

log((t+t)/t)

qBo
m = 162.6
= 41.9
kh

Z * p wf

kt
S = 1 .151
log
+ 3 .23
2
m
crw

Horner Analysis

Permeability:
m=
kh=
k=

Skin Factor:

Z*=
Pwf=
t=tp=
S=

41.2
23805.9
164.2

2500.8
2270
6.2
-1.23

psi/cycle
mD.ft
mD

psi
psi
hrs