Chelsi Woodard

ISM- Period 6

Nicolas Kofotolis, Ph.D.; Eleftherios Kelli Ph.D. Ankle Sprain Injuries. A 2-Year Prospective
Cohort Study in Female Greek Professional Basketball Players. Aristotle University of
Thessaloniki, Agile Ioannis, Series, Greece. Volume 42-Number 3- September 2007.
Journal of Athletic Training, Official Publication of the National Athletic Training
Association. Mayra Reed. Clear Springs High School, Training room., League City, TX.
22 Oct. 2014

Female professional basketball players who wear external ankle supports can
significantly reduce the risk of sustaining an ankle sprain.
A history of ankle sprain was a risk factor for reinsure
Most ankle sprains occur in centers, and inside the key area of the basketball court.
Age, height, training experience, body mass, and history of pervious ankle sprain were
not significant predictors of injury.
Basketball has one of the highest overall injury rates among participants in noncollision
sports.
Ankle sprain is one of the most common injuries in basketball players caused by frequent
jumps, landings, cutting maneuvers, and contact with other players.
Women have a higher injury rate than men.
Exposure to injury over time in older players is greater than in younger athletes.
Players with more experience demonstrate better technical skills and lower injury rates.
Two factors that affect ankle sprains are use of external ankle support and history of
ankle sprain.
Relative risk of ankle injury doubles with an increased level of competition

This source was very informative and accurate about the study and topic they researched, it
gave me extremely more insight than I ever I would have in learning more about the
background and mechanism of ankle injuries.

Chelsi Woodard
ISM- Period 6
Ed. Jacqueline L, Longer. Medical Condition Overview. Sports Injuries. The Gayle
Encyclopedia Of Nursing And Allied Health. Vol. 4. 2nd ed. Detroit: Gale, 2006 p25422545. Copyright 2006 Gale. Student Resource Center-Electronic Resources. Gale Virtual
Reference Library. Clear Springs High School Library., League City, TX. 22 Oct.
http://go.galegroup.com/ps/retrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&inPS=true&prodId=GV
RL&userGroupName=j084910009&resultListType=RELATED_DOCUMENT&searchT
ype=AdvancedSearchForm&contentSegment=9781414410449&isBOBIndex=true&docI
d=GALE|CX2584700814#contentcontainer

A sports injury is any bodily damage sustained during participation in competitive or

noncompetitive athletic activity. Sports injuries can affect bones or soft tissue (i.e., muscles,
ligaments, tendons). Page 2542

Sport injuries can be identified as acute or chronic.

Signs and symptoms of acute sports injuries includepain, swelling, and deformity in the affected
area, and in the case of joint injuries, limited ability to move the joint. Common acute sports
injuries include sprains and strains, contusions (i.e., serious bruises), joint dislocations,
bonefractures, and concussions. Page 2543

Chronic sports injuries, also called overuse injuries, are identified with more gradual onset and
are caused by repetitive light trauma to soft tissue or bone. Typically, pain and swelling worsen
during athletic activity but decrease after the activity is stopped. Page 2544

The athletic trainer is often on call for emergency care of acute sports injuries and performs first
aid on the injured athlete. He or she specializes in sports activities and can give more specific
advice for overall conditioning, training, and treatment of the athlete. The athletic trainer also
serves as a liaison between the athlete and coaches, and parents. Page 2545

The encyclopedia was very insightful and had an abundant amount of information not only about
ankle sprains but sprains and injuries period that are sports related.

Chelsi Woodard
ISM-Period 6

Sheri A. Hale Phd, PT, ATC. Reliability and Sensitivity of the Foot and Ankle Disability in
Subjects with Chronic Ankle Instability. Shenandoah University, Winchester, VA;
University of Virginia, Charlottesville,VA. Journal of Athletic Training, Volume 40,
Number 1, January-March 2005. National Athletic Association, Inc.
www.journalofathletictraining.org

Lateral ankle sprains are one of the most common injuries among athletes and other
young active adults.
The incidence of lateral ankle sprains is approximately 1 per 1000 people per day.
Ankle sprains are commonly seen in sports for 15% to 45% of all sports injuries.
A reported 10% to 30% of these individuals with ankle sprains develop ankle
instability.
Despite the frequency of ankle instability =, no widely accepted outcomes tool
available to measure ankle function.
Clinical outcome measures in orthopaedics have traditionally focused on measuring
impairments, such as range of motion and strength.
Clinicians usually overlook the functional limitations and disability experienced by
the patients
It is impairments that are often addressed in setting goals and looking over progress.
Functional limitations and disability are commonly most important to the patient.
It is essential that clinicians quantify dysfunction at a certain level.
Subjective reports of function completed by the patient are becoming an important
outcome measure for health care practioners.
These measures clinicians to asses changes in limitations and disabilities after clinical
interventions.
The Foot and Ankle Disability Index was designed to asses functional limiations
related to foot and ankle conditions.

This gave a lot of insight into the research and roles that go into learning, diagnosing
and treating ankle sprains; as well as what are the origins of ankle instability.

Chelsi Woodard
ISM-Period 6

Carrie L. Docherty; Bruce M. Gansnedert; Brent L. Arnold, Shepard R. Hurwitz. Development

And Reliability Of The Ankle Instability Instrument. Indiana University, Bloomington,
IN; University of Virginia Charlottesville, VA. Virginia Commonwealth University,
Richmond, VA. Journal of Athletic Training. Volume 41. Number 2. April-June 2006.
2006;41(2):154-158. www.journalofathletictraining.org

Functional ankle instability was instability defined in 1965 by Freeman as a tendency for
the foot to give way.
The definition id primarily reflects a single-dimension subjective symptoms.
It remains the primary criterion used today.
Without the appropriate presence of an objective test, it is difficult for clinicians to
appropriately asses functional ankle instability.
In the last 15 years, the most common inclusion criterion for FAI has been a history of
multiple ankle injuries.
Little research has been done to accurately asses exactly how often this sensation must
occur to be deemed FAL.
Consequently these studies could result in the inclusion of subjects who may or may not
have FAI.
How recently or frequently the ankle sprain occurred or reoccurred has also e=been used
as inclusion criteria in some studies.
In the study, the patients had to have a certain number of sprains in the past 12 months.

This last source was a great article to read, it gave me step by step and in depth conclusions
about the information that acquired from their research.