NRI INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

BHOPAL (M.P.)

AFFILIATED TO R.G.P.V. BHOPAL

Department of civil engineering

A Minor Project Report on
Estimate & costing of double storey building
Submmited by :Brajesh Verma
(0115ce 101017)

Approved by:Mr. J.P.NANDA

Guidance by:
Mr. IQBAL HAFIS KHAN

CERTIFICATE

This is certify that the project entitled. Estimate and Costing of Double
storey Building submitted by Brajesh verma, Rajesh Pawar, Ravi kumar
Pathak, Rohit Tiwari, Shaurabh Shukla, Shailendra Malviya, Shreyansh Jain,
Subhendra Gurjar, Vijay Sheel Mishra, Wasim Akram Ansari, Neeraj Jatav
and Neeraj Dahayat in partial fulfillments for the requirements for the
award of Bachelor of Technology
Degree in Civil Engineering at NRI Institute of Science and Technology,
Bhopal
( Rajeev Gandhi Technical University ) is an authentic work carried out by
them under my super vision and guidance.

To the best of my knowledge, the matter embodied in the thesis has not been
submitted to any other university / Institute for the awarded of any Degree.

Mr. J.P. NANDA

Dept. of Civil Engineering
Nri institude of Science and Technology
Bhopal

DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the project report of estimate and costing

of double storey building for the project of bachelor of
Technology Degree in CIVIL Engineering at Nri institute Of
science & technology,Bhopal ( Rajeev Gandhi Technical
University ) is a record of my own work carried out under the
guidance .
We further declare that the matter is this report has not been
submitted by us for the award of any other degree.

Under the Guidance

Mr. Iqbal hafis khan

NAME:Brajesh Verma
0115ce101017
Rajesh Pawar
0115ce101041
Ravi kumar Pathak 0115ce101044
Rohit Tiwari
0115ce101045
Saurabh Shukla
0115ce101050
Shailendra malviya 0115ce101051
Shreyansh Jain
0115ce101053
Subhendra Gurjar 0115ce101054
Vijaya sheel Mishra 0115ce101061
Wasim Akram Ansari 0115ce101064
Neeraj Jatav
0115ce091038
Neeraj Dahayat
0115ce091037

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We placed on record and warmly acknoledge the

contineous encouragement invaluable supervision, timly
suggestions and inspired guidanc offered by our guide Mr.
Iqbal Hafis Department of civil engineering, NRI Institute of
Science and Technology, Bhopal in bringing this report to a
successfull completion.
We are gratefull to Mr. J.P. Nanda , HOD of civil
Engineering Department, for permitting us to make use of the
facilities available in the department to carry out the project
successfully. Lest but not the least we express our since thanks
to all of our friends who have patiently extended all sorts of help
for accomplishing this under taking.
Finally we extend our gratefulness to one and all
whos are directly or indirectly involved in the successfull
completion of the project work.

Brajesh Verma (0115ce101017)

Rajesh pawar(0115ce101041)
Ravi kumar Pathak(0115ce101044)
Rohit Tiwari(0115ce101045)
Shaurabh Shukla(0115ce101050)
Shailendra Malviya(0115ce101051)
Shreyansh Jain(0115ce101053)
Subhendra Gurjar(0115ce101054)
Vijay sheel mishra(0115ce101061)
Wasim Akram Ansari(0115ce101064)
Neeraj Jatav(0115ce091038)
Neeraj Dahayat(0115ce091037)

A
PROJECT REPORT

On
ESTIMATE & COSTING OF DOUBLE STOREY BUILDING
For
Department of Civil Engineering
By

BRAJESH VERMA
SHAILENDRA MALVIYA
ROHIT TIWARI
RAVI KUMAR PATHAK
SOURABH SHUKLA
SHUBHENDRA GURJAR
SHREYANSH JAIN
VIJAY SHEEL MISHRA
RAJESH PAWAR
WA
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF
GRADUATE PROGRAM IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
NRI INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
BHOPAL

(2010-2014)

INDEX

 INTRODUCTION
IMPORTANCE OF ESTIMATION
TYPE OF ESTIMATION
DATA USES FOR ESTIMATION
METHOD OF ESTIMATION
ESTIMATION OF DOUBLE STORY BUILDING
ABSTRACT
TOTAL AMOUNT

INTRODUCTION

For all engineering works it is required to

know beforehand the probable cost of construction
know as the estimated cost. If the estimated cost is
grater then the money available, then attempts are
made to reduced the cost by reducing the work or
changing the specification. From this the importance
of estimate for engineers may be understood. In
preparing in estimate, the quantities of different items
of work are calculated by simple mensuration method
and from these quantities the cost is calculated. The
subject of estimating is simple, nothing much to
understand, but knowledge of drawing is essential.
One who understand and can read drawing may find
out the dimension- length, breath, & height etc.
In preparing an estimate one has to go in to
details of each items, big or small, nothing can be left
or missed.
Accuracy in estimate is very important, if
estimate is exceeded is becomes a very difficult
problem for engineers to explain to account for and
arrange for the additional money. Inaccuracy in
preparing estimate, omission of items, change in
designs improper rates etc.

IMPORTANCE OF ESTIMATING

The following are importance of estimation

to get the data of funds to be sanctioned by
the owner or authority. the estimation is
very important.
If proper estimation is done , then an
engineer will be done to optimized the use
of sanctioned fund.
In estimation, quantities and grade of
materials are mentioned, so an engineer can
do the use of materials efficiently.
If an owner or authority want any loan from
banks, then for demanding loan, estimation
is required.
Any construction will be a time bound
program with condition of available funds.

TYPES OF ESTIMATION

The following are the different type of

estimate :
Approximate
or abstract estimate or rough cost estimate.

Plinth area estimate

Cube rate estimate or cubical

content estimate

estimate

Approximate quantity method

estimate

Detailed estimate or item rate

Revised estimate

Supplementary estimate

te

Supplementary & revised estima

Annual repair estimate

Approximate or abstract estimate or

rough cost estimate
This is require for study in basic way of work or
project to decides the financial position and policy for
admintrative sanction by competent administrative
authority .this type of estimate is prepared for the
practical knowledge and cost of similar works .the
estimate is accompanied by a brief report explaining the
necessity of the project.
Givan an idea of the cost of the proposal after taking into
consideartion the reiquirment of the department of
concerned .on the basis of this estimate the competent
sanctioning authority accords administrative approval
after due scrutiny.The rough cost estimate in preparde from
the practical knowledge and cost of similar works.
The rough cost estimate is accompanied by :A.A detailed report
B. Brief spesifications
C. Side plan or layout plan showing the
proposal in
hand
D. Line plan showing the north line on it
E. Brief idea of rates for different items.`
This estimate is prepared on the following line for
various structured and works :

1. Building
(i) Per student for school and hostels,
Per classroom for school,
Per bad for hospitals,
Per site for cinema,
Per bay for factories etc.
(ii) On Plinth area basis (per sqm)
On cubic content basis (per cubic metre)
2. Roads and Highways Par KM length.
3. Irrigation channels Per KM basis depending upon the
capacity of channel or area of land
commanded.
4.Bridges and Culverts - per running meter of span,
depending upon the road way.
5.Sewerage project and water supply project per head
of population.
6.Over head water tank on the basis of capacity per
liter of tank ; etc.

Plinth area estimate for building

This is prepared on the basis of plinth area of
building the rate being deduced from the cost of similar
building having similar specification, height and
construction in the locality.
Plinth area estimate is calculated by finding the plinth area
of building and multiplying by the plinth area rate.
This estimate is an approximate estimate it consists
of working out the plinth area of a building which is
multiplied by plinth area rate to get an estimate for that
building (i.e. plinth area rate par sqm plinth area of
building) .
It gives an idea of the cost of construction without working
out the details.
The plinth area should be calculated for the roofed
area of a building by taking external dimensions, excluding
the plinth offsets. The area of courtyard etc. should not be
included in it.
The plinth area estimate is accompanied by :A.Report
B.Line plan of the building
C.Brief specifications

D.Line plan of the building for which the plinth area

rate is considered

Cube rate estimate or cubical

content estimate
This is calculated by finding the cubical content of the
building and multiplying by cubical rate.
This estimate is also an approximate estimate,
it is worked out on the basis of the cubical contents of the
proposed building to be constructed and then applying to it
the rate per cubic metre.

{ plinth area of the buildingheight ( is taken from

the top of floor level to the top of flat roof or half
way of the sloped roof ) cubic content rate }
This estimate is considered more accurate then that of the
plinth area estimate as the height of the building is also
taken into account :It is accompanied by : A brief Report
Line plan of the building
Brief specifications
Line plan of the building for which the which

 The cubic content rate is considered

Approximate quantity method estimate:

In this method approximate total length of wall is
found in running meter(RM) and this total length multiplied
by the rate per running meter of wall gives a faisly accurate
cost.
This is a complete estimate of
quantities for all items of work required to complete a
project.
The quantity of individual item of work is calculated from
the respective dimensions on the drawing. The cost of
individual item is obtained by multiplying the quantity with
the rate per unit for that item.

Detailed estimate or item rate estimate:

Detailed estimate consists of the detailed
particulars for the quantities, rates and costs of all
items involved for satisfactory completion of a project.
On the approval of the rough estimate or after getting
the administrative approval this estimate is prepared
in detail prior to inviting of tenders and for getting
technical sanction for the competent authority.in it
the whole project is divided into sub-works .the cost of
each sub- work is calculated separarately and then
added together to give the total cost of project.
Detailed estimate is an accurate estimate and
consist of working out the quantities of each item of
work and working the cost .the dimension (length,
breath & height).
This estimate is the best and most accurate that
can be prepared.
Detailed estimate is accompanied by : A detailed report.
Detail specifications for the execution

of work.
Detail drawings, (plan, site plan, layout plan,
elevations, sectional elevations,cross section.
Calculation and design of various items such as Beam,
Slabs, Irrigation channels etc.
Schedule of rates followed and premium if any.
Analysis of rates for non schedule rate items.

Revised estimate
The Revised estimate should be
accompanied by all the papers as in case of
detailed estimate and also should include the
comparative statement, showing the variation
ineach item of work, its quantity rate and cost
original and revised, excess or saving and giving
the reasons of excess or saving in case of each
item.

Revised estimate is a required to be prepared

under any one of the following circumstances:

When the original sanctioned

estimate is exceed
or likely to exceed by more than 5 %.

When the expenditure on a

work exceeds or
likely to exceed the amount of administrative
sanction by more than 10%.

When the expenditure on a

work exceed or likely
to exceed the amount of administrative sanction
by more than 10%.

When there are material

derivation from the
original proposal ,ever though the cost may be

met from the sanctioned amount.

Supplementary estimate
This estimate is a detailed estimate and is prepared when
additional works are required to supplement the original
works or when further development is required during the
programs of works.
When some additions are done in the original work, a
fresh detailed estimate is prepared to supplement the
original work. this estimate is called supplementary
estimate. It is also accompanied by all the papers is
required in the detail estimate.

Supplementary & revised estimate:

When work is partially abandoned and the
estimate cost of the remaining work is less than 95 % of the
original work i.e. less than 95% of the original sanctioned
estimate or when there are material deviation and changes

in the design which may cause substainal saving in the

estimate, then the amount of original estimate is revised by
the authority.

DATA USES FOR ESTIMATING

PLOT AREA

SUPER BUILT UP AREA

SIZE

FOUNDATION EXCAVATION

HEIGHT OF BUILDING

PLAN

SECTION

ELEVATION

METHOD OF ESTIMATING

The dimensions, length, breadth

and height or depth are to be taken out from the
working drawings (plan, elevation and section).

Junctions of walls, corners and

the meeting points of walls require special
attention.

For symmetrical footings, which

is the usual case, earthwork in excavation in
foundations, foundation concrete, brickwork in
foundation and plinth, and brickwork in
superstructure may be estimated by either of the
two methods:
(1) SEPARATE OR INDIVIDUAL
WALL METHOD

(2) CENTER LINE METHOD

SEPARATE OR INDIVIDUAL WALLS

METHOD

The walls running in one direction are termed as "long

walls and the walls running in the transverse
direction, as "Short walls", without keeping in mind
which wall is lesser in length and which wall is greater
in length.
Lengths of long walls are measured or found "Out-to
out" and those of short walls as "In-to-in".
Different quantities are calculated by multiplying the
length by the breadth and the height of the wall.
The same rule applies to the excavation in foundation,
to concrete bed in foundation, D.P.C., masonry in
foundation and super structure etc.

This method can also be worked out in a quicker way,

as follows:
For long walls
For short walls

For long walls

For long walls add to the centre length one breadth of wall,which
gives the length of the wall out- to- out, multiply this length by the
breadth and the height and get the quantities .thus for finding the
quantities of earth work in excavation, for length of the trench outto-out add to the centre length one breadth of foundation adopt the
same process for foundation concrete, and for each footing.it
should be noted that footing is to be taken separately and the
breadth of the particular footing is to be added to the centre length.
( long wall length out-to out =Centre to Centre length + half
breadth on one side + half breadth on the other side = centre to
centre length + one breadth )
First of all, find the length of the foundation
trench of
the long wall out-to-out in the same manner as explained
above.
The length of the foundation concrete is the same.

 For the length of the first footing or first step of the brick
wall, subtract two offsets (2x6"=12") in foundation concrete
from the length of the trench or concrete.
For the second footing subtract from the length of the 1st
Footing two (2x2.25"= 4.5"), for 3rd footing subtract from
the length of the 2nd footing 2 offsets (4.5") and in this way
deal with the long walls up to the super-structure.

For short walls

For short or cross walls subtract ( instead of adding ) from
the centre length one breadth of wall, which gives the
length in-to-in, and repeat the same process as for the long
walls, subtracting one breadth instead of adding.
(Short wall length in-to-in = centre to entre length one
breadth )
Follow he same method but instead of subtracting
add two offsets to get the corresponding lengths in-to-in.
For short wall follow the same method but instead of
subtreacting,add to offsates to get the corrosponding length
in-to-in.
It will be noticed that by taking dimensions in this
way, the short walls are incesing in length.
It may also be noted that the wall which is taken
first is to be treated as longht wall though its length may be
lesser, and the other wall be treated as short wall.

This method is simple and accurate and there is no

chance for any mistake. This method may be name as short
wall & general method.

CENTRE LINE METHOD

In this method, total length of centre
lines of walls, long and short, has to be found out.

Find the total length of centre lines

of walls of same type, having same type of
foundations and footings and then find the quantities
by multiplying the total centre length by the respective
breadth and the height.

In this method, the length will

remain the same for excavation in foundations, for
concrete in foundations, for all footings, and for
superstructure (with slight difference when there are
cross walls or number of junctions).

This method is quicker but requires

special attention and considerations at the junctions,
meeting points of partition or cross walls.

For rectangular, circular polygonal

(hexagonal, octagonal etc) buildings having no inter or
cross walls, this method is quite simple.

For buildings having cross or

partition walls, for every junction, half breadth of the
respective item or footing is to be deducted from the
total centre length.

Thus in the case of a building with

one partition wall or cross wall having two junctions,
deduct one breadth of the respective item of work
from the total centre length

In such cases, no deduction of any

kind need be made for A type walls, but when B type
walls are taken, for each junction deduction of half
breadth of A type walls (main Walls) shall have to be
made from the total centre length of B type walls.

At corners of the building where

two walls are meeting, no subtraction or addition is
required.

In the figure, the double crosshatched areas marked P,Q,R, & S come twice, while

blank areas, A,B,C, & D do not come at all, but these

portions being equal in magnitude, we get the correct

quantity.

ESTIMATE OF
DOUBLE STOREYED BULILDING
EXP.Prepare a detailed estimate of double storeyed residential
building consisting four two roomed quarters (two quarters
in each storey) from the showing drawing and general
specifications. the astimate of ground floor and first floor
should be prepared separately. The estimate of the Mumty
room (staircase room in the 2nd floor) should be included in
the estimate of the first floor. Assume suitable
rates.Workout also Plinth Area rate of the building.
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS :Foundation & Plinth- Foundation,
concrete shall be of lime concrete with over burnt
brick ballast. Foundation and plinth masonry shall be
first class brickwork in lime mortar.

DPC- Damp Proof course shall be

provided at the plinth level with 2.5 cm thick layer of
C.C. of cement coarse sand and stone chips in the
proportion of 1:1:3 mixed with standard water
proofing compound

Superstructure- 30 cm thick walls

of the main rooms in ground floor shall be of first
class brick work in lime mortar. All 20cm thick walls
in ground floor and first floor shall be first class
brickwork with 1:6 cement and local sand mortar. 10
cm partition walls shall be first class brickwork with
1:3 cement coarse sand mortar with hoop iron or
equivalent reinforcement every fourth layer.

Roof & Floor- Floor of ground

floor shall be 2.5 cm C.C. 1:2:4 over 7.5 cm lime
concrete. Floor of first floor shall be 2.5 cm 1:2:4 over
R.C.C. slab. Roof of the first floor shall be 7.5 cm
lime concrete terracing over R.C.C. slab. All R.C.C.
works shall be of C.C. 1:2:4 of cement coarse sand
,stone chips, reinforced with 1% reinforcement.

Door and Window Door &

window chowkhats shall be of sal wood of 10cm
*7.5cm in section. All door and window shutters shall
be 3cm think pannelled of deodar wood. mumty room
window shall be fully glazed with 3cm thick deodar
wood. 4cm R.C.C. jalli shall be provided over bath &
W.C doors and over mumty room glazed windows for

ventilation. All window shall be provided with 20mm

dia bar. Iron hold fast shall be provided for fixing
doors & windows chowkhats.
PLASTERING All walls shall be
plastered with 12mm thick 1:6 cement local sand
mortar. Ceiling and under side of R.C.C. work shall be
finished with 6mm thick 1:3 cement & medium sand
mortar. All in side wall shall be provided with 20cm
high skirting with 12mm thick 1:3 cement coarse sand
mortar neat cement finished. Dado of 12mm thick
cement coarse sand 1:3 mortar neat cement finished
shall be provided in kitchen & W.C. up to 50cm height
and in bathroom up to 100cm height. Steps shall be
provided with 20mm thick plaster with 1:3 cement
coarse sand mortar neat cement finished.

Painting, white washing & colour

washing All doors and windows shall be painted
two coats over one coat of priming. Back of chowkats
shall be painted with two coats of coaltar. In side
walls, ceiling , undersides of sunshades shall be white
washed three coat. Out sides shall be colour washed
two coat over one coat of white washing.

Rain & water pipes six no. 100

mm dia. A.C. rain water down pipes shall be provided

Electrification,water supply and

sanitery works- provision for internal

electrification,water supply and sanitery works shall

be provided on parcentage basis.

PLAN

SECTION

ELEVATION

ABSTRACT

Work

Total Cost in

1.Cost in earthwork (including 32455

site clearance , excavation in foundation &
earthwork in filling in plinth)

2.Concrete

34485.15

3.Brickwork

54382.58

(including centering and shuttering ,stair

case, damp proof course etc.)
(including foundation, plinth wall,
superstructure etc.)

4.Wood work

(including doors , windows, roshandan

etc,)

31732.43

5.Steel & Iron work

30235.25

6.Plastering & pointing

12326.86

(rainforcement bars including

bending, iron for hold fasts and
window bars, work in staircase
railing)

( including ceiling , walls, steps &

cement finishing )

7.Flooring (including lime

5644.02

concrete & finishing.)

8.Painting (including two coat

2030.31

9.Misscellaneous items

2322.07

over one coat priming & doors &

windows also )

(like rain water pipe etc.)

TOTAL AMOUNT

Total =

216718.64

8% of water supply & sanitary work

= 17337.45
8% for electrification works
= 17337.45

Total

=251393.54

3% for contingencies
= 7541.80
2%for work charged establishment
= 5027.87
Total
Say

= 263963.21
= 263963.00