Springs

A Spring is a flexible Element.

Mechanical Springs are used in machines to
exert force
Provide flexibility

Store or absorb energy

The four main types of springs are Helical
Compression Spring, Helical Extension Spring,
Torsion Spring and Leaf Spring
KAMARUDIN SHEHABUDDEEN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN

LECTURE 8 (Springs)

Pg. 1 of 10

Springs
Types of Springs

Helical Compression Spring

Helical Extension Spring

Torsion Spring
KAMARUDIN SHEHABUDDEEN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN

LECTURE 8 (Springs)

Pg. 2 of 10

Springs (Compression)

(10-2)

KAMARUDIN SHEHABUDDEEN

Where, D = Mean Spring Diameter

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN

d = wire diameter

LECTURE 8 (Springs)

Pg. 3 of 10

Springs (Compression)
Shear Stress,

Note:

KAMARUDIN SHEHABUDDEEN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN

LECTURE 8 (Springs)

Pg. 4 of 10

Springs (Compression)
The Spring rate, also called the scale of the spring, is

And also,

F
k
y

d G
3

8D N a

(10-9)

Where, G is the modulus of rigidity

Na is the number of active coils

KAMARUDIN SHEHABUDDEEN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN

LECTURE 8 (Springs)

Pg. 5 of 10

Springs (Compression)
The condition for absolute stability is

Lo 2.63

(10-13)

Where, is the end condition constant and can be obtained from table
10-2
Minimum tensile strength,

Sut

A
d

(10-14)

Where, the value of slope A and exponent m can be obtained from

table 10-4.

KAMARUDIN SHEHABUDDEEN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN

LECTURE 8 (Springs)

Pg. 6 of 10

Springs (Compression)
The torsional yield strength or maximum allowable torsional
stress is given by

Ssy = 0.45 Sut

= 0.50 Sut

Misic wire and Cold drawn Carbon steel

Hardened and tempered carbon and

low-alloy steel
= 0.35 Sut

Austentic stainless steel and

nonferrous alloy

See also table 10-6.

KAMARUDIN SHEHABUDDEEN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN

LECTURE 8 (Springs)

Pg. 7 of 10

Springs (Compression)

KAMARUDIN SHEHABUDDEEN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN

LECTURE 8 (Springs)

Pg. 8 of 10

Springs (Compression)

KAMARUDIN SHEHABUDDEEN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN

LECTURE 8 (Springs)

Pg. 9 of 10

Springs (Compression)

KAMARUDIN SHEHABUDDEEN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN

LECTURE 8 (Springs)

Pg. 10 of 10