Assignment 4

PRINTER AND NETWORK

1) List down the types of printer and explain briefly.
Laser printer: This printer operates by shining a laser beam to
produce an image on a drum. Then using combination of heat
and pressure, the ink on the drum is transferred onto the page.
Laser printers prints very fast and the supply cartridges work a
long time.
Bubble jet printer: This printer spray ionized tiny drops of ink
onto a page to create an image. This is achieved by using
magnetized plates which direct the ink's path onto the paper in
the desired pattern. Almost all ink jets offer a colour option as
standard, in varying degrees of resolution.
Dot Matrix printer: This printer use a set of closely spaced pins
and a ribbon to print letters or other characters on a page. These
printers actually impact the page to print a character much like a
typewriter. Dot matrix printer vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have.
2) What are stages we need to know when troubleshooting laser
printer?
Drum cleaning
Primary charge
Laser beam exposure
Developing
Transfer and separation
Fusing
3) Why we are still using DOT Matrix Printer?
Dot Matrix printer, like any impact printer can print can print on
multi-part stationary or make carbon copies.
Impact printers have one of the lowest printing costs per page.

 As the ink is running out, the printout gradually fades rather

than suddenly stopping partway through a job.
4) What types of ports or interface used to connect our printer and
PC?
Ans : The printer is of an older type that has the appropriate
logic circuits and connectors, a parallel port and/or a serial port.
As the new printer use the USB port.
5) What is PRINT Server?
Ans : A print server or printer server is a computer or device
that is connected to one or more printers and to client computers
over a network, and can accept print jobs from the computers
and send the jobs to the appropriate printers.
6) What is computer network?
Ans : A computer network is a group of computers that are
connected to each other for the purpose of communication.
Networks may be classified according to a wide variety of
characteristics.
7) Why using computer network (advantages). Also explain the
disadvantages.
Advantage
It allows file sharing and remote file access and resources
sharing.
Also increases in storage capacity and cost efficiencies.
Disadvantage:
Rapid virus spreading and security problem and also it is high
cost.
8) Explain what is Peer to Peer and Server Based (client server)
network.

 Peer-to-peer network is where communication where it came out

from one computer to another, that doesnt have centralised
computer and that each computer have the same rule.
Server based (Client-server) network is a network that is
connected to centralised computer where users share and access
network resources.
9) List down the operating system that use peer or server based
network.
Linux
Unix
MS Window
Window server
Mac
10)
Explain briefly 5 different services used in computer
network.

Provide access to file

Provide e-mail service
Enable node on the network
Enable processes on the network
Respond to request from application on the network

11)
What do we needs if we want to setup small LAN.
Server
Connection
Workstations
12)
List down the operating system that use peer or server
based network.
Network
operating system
printers

 disk drives
13)
List down the network topology. Explain the advantages
and disadvantages.
Bus Topology
Ring Topology
Star Topology
Tree Topology
Mesh Topology

Bus Topology
Advantages
It is easy to handle and implement
It is best suited for small networks
Disadvantages
The cable length is limited. This limits the number of stations
that can be connected.
This network topology can perform well only for a limited
number of nodes.

Star Topology
Advantages
Due to it central nature, the topology offers simplicity operation.
It also achieves an isolation of each device in the network
Disadvantages
The network operation depends on the functioning of the central
hub.
Hence, the failure of the central hub leads to the failure of the
entire network.

Ring Topology

Advantages
The data being transmitted between two nodes passes through
all the intermediate nodes.
A central server is not required for the management of this
topology.
Disadvantages
The failure of a single node of the network can cause the entire
network to fail.
The movement or changes made to network nodes effects
the performance of the entire network.

Tree Topology
Advantages
A tree topology is supported by many network vendors.
A point to point connection is possible with tree networks.
Disadvantages
All the computers have access to the larger and their immediate
networks
Best topology for branched out networks.

Mesh Topology
Advantages
The arrangement of the network nodes is such that it is possible
to transmit data from one node to many other nodes at the same
time.
Disadvantages
The arrangement where in every network node is connected
every other node of the network, many of the connection serve
no major purpose.
This leads to the redundancy of many of the network
connections

14)
List down the networking devices used to create LAN
and WAN.
Hub
Switch
Route
Repeater
Modem
15)
What media and connector used in BUS, STAR and
RING topology?
Ans : In the bus topology, the computers are connected through a
common communication media. The connector for this topology is 'T'
connector.
The star topology uses a separate cable for each work station. The
cable connects the work station to a central device typically a HUB.
The configuration provides a more reliable network that is easily
expended. With star there is no central point of failure in the cable. If
there is a problem with the cable, only the station connected to that
cable is affected. To add more work stations simply connect another
HUB.
In ring topology, each computer is connected to the next computer
and the last computer is connected to the first computer.
16)
List down the networking device used to create LAN and
WAN.
Ans :Router, Hub, Switch, Gateway, Repeater and LAN cards are
used to create LAN.
Router, ISDN adaptors, CSU/DSU, Bridges, Modems and Brouter are
used to createWAN.
17)
What media and connector used in BUS, STAR and
RING topology?

Ans : A Bus Topology features all networked nodes interconnected

peer-to-peer using asingle, open-ended cable. These ends must be
terminated with a resistive load that isterminating resistors. This
single cable can support only a single channel.This cable iscalled the
BUS.
Star Topology LANs have connections to networked devices that
radiate out from acommon point that is the Hub. Unlike Ring
Topologies, physical or virtual, eachnetworked device in a
star topology can access the media independently.
The Ring Topology started out as as simple peer-to-peer LAN
topology. Eachnetworked workstation had two connections : one to
each of its nearest neighbors. Theinterconnection had to form a
physical loop, or ring. Data was transmitted unidirectionalaround the
ring. Each workstation acted as a repeater, accepting and responding
topackets addressed to it, and forwarding on the other packets to the
next workstation"downstream"
18)
What do meant by attenuation? How to reduce the effects?
Ans : Attenuation affects the propagation of waves and signals in
electric circuits, in opticalfibers ,as well as in air. The signal to noise
ratio must be at maximum order to reduceattenuation.
19)
List down the bandwidth for all the topology in LAN.
Ans :Star Topology - 100Mbps, Bus Topology - 75Gps , Ring
Topology - 75Gps
20)
What is simplex, half and Full duplex?
Ans :Simplex refers to communication that occurs in one direction
only.
A half-duplex system provides for communication in both directions,
but only one direction at a time(not simultaneously). Typically, once a
party begins receiving a signal,it must wait for the transmitter to stop
transmitting before replying.

A full duplex, or sometimes double-duplex system, allows

communication in bothdirections and unlike half-duplex, allows this
to happen simultaneously