EL-403 POWER SYSTEM

AMIE SECTION B

Example: An hydroelectric power station is to be designed to operate at a mean head of 205 m and supplied from
a reservoir having a catchment area of 1000 km2 with average annual rainfall of 125 cm of which 80% is available
for power generation. The expected load factor at the plant is 75%. Allowing a head loss of 5 m and assuming
efficiency of turbine and generator to be respectively 90% and 95%, calculate suitable MW rating of the station.
Comment also on the type of turbine to be installed.
(A. M. I. E. Sec. B. Power System Winter 1999)
Solution: Catchment area = 1,000 km2 = 1,000 106 m2
Average annual rainfall = 125 cm = 1.25 m
Yield factor = 80% or 0.8
QANNUM = Catchment area average annual rainfall yield factor
= 1,000 106 1.25 0.8 = 1,000 106 m3
Quantity of water available for utilization per second
Q second =

= 31.71 m3

Available head, H Gross head head loss = 205 5 = 200 m

Power plant efficiency, = turbine generator
= 0.90 0.95 = 0.855
Average power, P = wQ second H 9.81 10-6 MW
= 1,000 31.71 200 9.81 0.855 10-6
= 53.2 MW
This is the average output of the generator units. With a load factor of 75%, overall capacity of the station for
which it should be designed
=

.
.

= 70.9 MW Ans.

The type of turbine used for a head of 200 m recommended is Francis turbine. Because as compared to Pelton wheel a
Francis turbine offers the advantage of high efficiency at full load and at 75% of full load.

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