Food and Digestion Lab Answer Sheet

Key Organs and Enzymes of the Digestive System

1) The salivary glands produce salivary amylase to digest
____________starch__________________.
2) The stomach produces pepsin, which is a protease to digest
___________protein__________________.
3) The pancreas produces:
Proteases, to digest ____________protein___________ within the small intestine
Pancreatic amylase to digest _______Carbohydrates________________ within the small
intestine
Pancreatic lipase to digest _____________fat___________________ the small intestine

Part 1: Testing for Macromolecules

Hypotheses
Food 1 (Junk): Dorrito, contains sugar, starch and lipids

Food 2 (Junk): pumpkin cookie contains sugar, and starch, and lipids

Food 3 (Junk): pretzels contain starch, lipids

Food 4 (Healthy): the peanut butter contains proteins and lipids

Food 5 (Healthy): the banana contains sugar, and starch

Food 6 (Healthy): the apple contains sugar, starch and protein.

Directions for Testing

1) Why is it important to use a negative and positive control?
It is important to have a negative and positive control because it gives something to
compare the results to.

2) Use the following table to record your results for all 4 tests. Record both the color

of the resulting solution and whether the test is + or - for the molecule being
tested.
Food

Benedicts

Iodine

Biuret

Sudan IV

(simple sugar)

(starch)

(proteins)

(lipids)

Color

+ or -

Color

+ or -

Color

+ or -

Color

+ or -

Positive
Control

--

Red

olive

Purple

Clear pink

Negative
Control

--

Blue

gold

Clear blue

Light pink

Food 1

Dorritos

Orange

Dark blue

Light orange

peach

Food 2

Cookie

Dark
Orange

black

Mustard
yellow

Light pink
orange

Food 3

Pretzel

Green

black

yellow

peach

Food 4

Apple

Light red

Light
brown

Champaign

Pink orange

Food 5

Banana

Red Orange

Brow2n

Clear yellow

Super light
pink

Food 6

Peanut
Butter

Teal

Dark green

yellow

Light pink

3) What conclusions can you draw about the nutrients found in the foods you tested?
The Dorritos contain sugars and starch. The cookie contains sugar, starch and lipids.
The pretzel contains starch. The apple contains sugars. The banana contains sugar ad
lipids. The peanut butter contains lipids.

Part 2: Digestion of Food

1) Fill in the following tables based on your results in lab

Table 1

Natural Color of test tube

S1

S2

S3

Unknown-S

clear

clear

clear

Brown
Purple
black

Iodines Reaction color

olive

olive

olive

Is there presence of
starch? Y/N

G1

G2

G3

G4

Unknown-G

Natural Color of test tube

clear

clear

clear

clear

brown

Benedict's Reaction color

Clear
blue

Clear
blue

Clear
blue

orange

Brown
orange

Table 2

Is there presence of
glucose? Y/N

Y
N

2) Which tubes successfully digested starch?

All tubes except unknown-s digested starch.

Part 3: Post-Lab thought experiment

1) Billy was super hungry after class, so he stopped at In-n-Out and ordered a #3 (Double
double, fries, and a strawberry shake). As he is eating he wonders how his tasty meal is
being digested. Using the word bank below, create a diagram showing Billy how his
meal moves through his digestive tract (from mouth to anus) and how his body works to

Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Pancreas
Gall bladder
Lipase
trypinsin

digest it.

Salvia
HCl
bile
Small intestine
Rectum
Duodenum
Salivary glands

Amylase
Pepsin
Large intestine
Gastric juices
Anus
Pancreatin
Small intestine epithelium

2) Challenge question, if Billy ate a bunch of Tums (antacids) BEFORE eating at In-n-Out

would his digestion be affected? If so, how? Be sure to describe how the enzymes
would/could be affected and why.
Tums is an anti-acid, they inhibit the production of acid in the stomach and lower
the pH. The digestive enzymes would not be able to break down food because they
would not fully work at the lowered pH. So if Billy were to eat an excessive amount of
tums before eating, then he would experience discomfort from the undigested food,
maybe vomiting and other digestive problems.