DIP3E Chapter09 Art

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
Gonzalez & Woods

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
Chapter 9
Morphological Image Processing
The term morphology refers to the description of the properties of

shape and structure of any objects. Operations of mathematical
morphology were originally defined as operations on sets, but it
soon became clear that they are also useful in the processing tasks
of the set of points in the two-dimensional space. Sets in
mathematical morphology represent objects in the image. It is easy
to see that the set of all background pixels of binary image is one of
the options for a full description.
Mathematical morphology is used to extract some properties of the
image, useful for its presentation and descriptions. For example,
contours, skeletons and convex hulls. Also morphological methods
are used in the preliminary and final image processing. For
example, morphological filtering, thickening or thinning.
19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9
Reflection and translation

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9
Basic Operations: union, intersection, complement, difference

Input Images
B
C =AB
C =A B
C = Ac
C = A\B

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9
Structural Element
The input data for the mathematical
morphology are the two images: the
processed image and a structural
element.
Typically, a structural element is much
smaller than the processed. The shape of
the structured element can be arbitrary,
as long as it can be represented as a
binary image of a given size.

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9
The structural element, S, is applied to all pixels of binary image.

Every time the origin of the structural element is combined with a
single binary pixel, the entire structural element is wrapped and
subsequent alteration of the corresponding pixels of binary image.
The results of logical addition is written into the output binary image,
which was originally initialized to zero.

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9
Erosion
For erosion, the structural element passes through all pixels of the
image. The pixel corresponds to the reference of the structure element
is turned on if the entire structure element falls with foreground area
(pixels).

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9
Erosion examples

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9
Erosion examples
Image (486486) eroded using
squared structured element of
size 1111, 1515, 4545,

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9
Dilation example

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9
Hit-or-Miss Transformation

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9
Boundary Extraction

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9
Hole Filling

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9

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Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Gonzalez & Woods

Morphological Image Processing

The term morphology refers to the description of the properties of

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

Reflection and translation

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

Basic Operations: union, intersection, complement, difference

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

The structural element, S, is applied to all pixels of binary image.

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

Morphological Image Processing

19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods