Classwork: Cell structure and classification

Group no.__405_______Name__Fernando Garcia Arellano

______________________________________ID_ A01194533_____________
All cells are classified as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells do not contain a
nucleus, while eukaryotic cell do. Only bacteria and archaea are prokaryotes, all other
organisms are eukaryotes. Prokaryotes also do not have the membrane bound organelles
found in eukaryotes. Organelles are small membranous bodies, each with a specific structure
and function. Prokaryotes do have cytoplasm, which is the material bounded by a plasma
membrane. The cytoplasm contains ribosomes, small granules that carry out protein
synthesis; thylakoids (only in cyanobacteria) that participate in photosynthesis; and enzymes.
Prokaryotes have a nucleoid region which is a chromosome composed largely of DNA.
Eukaryotic cells include animal cells and plant cells. The nucleus in a eukaryotic cell is bound
by a nuclear envelope and contains nucleoplasm. The cytoplasm, found between the plasma
membrane and the nucleus, consists of fluid filled with organelles. Many of the organelles are
separated from the surrounding cytoplasm by a membrane. Not all of the organelles found in
plant cells are found in animal cells and vice versa.
Materials:

Copy of the activity, one per student

Computer
http://www.wiley.com/legacy/college/boyer/0470003790/animations/cell_structure/cell_
structure.htm
If you cannot access this site directly, do a Google or Bing search for cell animations, then
click on to concepts in biochemistry interactive.
Colored pencils or pen and pencil

Instructions:
1. Use your computer to access the website given by your teacher to answer the following
questions.
2. Turn in your activity via discussion board

Part A: Prokaryotic cells

1. Using the animation, write the different cell components found in prokaryotic cells and
mention their function.
Celular component
or organelle

function

Flagella

Assist in movement and may play a role in sexual conjugation.

Cytoplasm

The region where many metabolic reactions occur.

Ribosomes

The sites of protein synthesis.

Nucleoid Region

Storage of genetic information. The site of DNA replication

Mesosome

Permeable boundary that allows fro entry and exit of nutrients and
waste, and may play a role in DNA replication

Cell Wall

Protect against mechanical and hypertonic stress.

2. Draw and label the prokaryotic cell using all the cellular components found in the above
chart. This can be done by scanning your picture and pasting it in the space provided.

Part B: Animal cells

1. Using the animation, write the different cell components or organelles found in animal
cells and mention their function.
Celular
component or
organelle

function

Nucleous

Storage site of genetic information, the site of DNA replication and its
transcription of RNA

Cell Membrane

Provides shape to cell, region where many metabolic reactions occur.

Mitochondria

Site of energy, metabolism and synthesis of high-energy ATP

Golgi Apparatus

Responsible for the secretion of waste and products from the cell.

Smooth
endoplasmic
Reticulim

Transport system from liquids and nutrients in the cell

Peroxisome and
Lysosome

Peroxisome: oxidative metabolism of nutrients using oxygen to generate

water.
Lysosomes: metabolism of nutrients ingested by endocytosis.

Rough
endoplasmic
reticulum

Surface on which ribosomes bind for proteins synthesis.

3. Draw and label the animal cell using all the cellular components found in the above chart.
This can be done by scanning your picture and pasting it in the space provided.

Part C: Plant cell

1. Using the animation, write the different cell components found in plant cells and mention
their function.
Celular
component or
organelle

function

Vacuole

Storage of nutrients and water

Cell wall

Selectively permeable boundary for entry and exit of nutrients and

waste where some important enzyme activity is found.

Nucleus

Storage site of genetic infromation, the site of DNA replication and its
transcription of RNA

Rough
endoplasmic
reticulum

Surface on which metabolism and synthesis of high-nergy ATP

Giyoxysomes

Vesicles found in the cytoplasm that carry out certain enzematic

reaction
Smooth
Endoplasmic
Reticulum

Transport system for loquids and nutrients in the cell.

Mitochondria

Site of energy metabolism and synthesis of high-energy ATP.

4. Draw and label the plant cell using all the cellular components found in the above chart.
This can be done by scanning your picture and pasting it in the space provided.

Analysis Questions:
1. What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, and Prokaryotic cell do not have one.
2. Which types of cells are prokaryotic?
Archae and Bacteria
3. Which types of cells are eukaryotic?
Fungi, Plant Cell, and Animal Cell
4. What organelles do plants cells have that animal cells dont?
Cell wall, chloroplast, etc..
5. What organelles do animal cells have that plant cells dont?
Lysosomes, centrioles
Evaluation
Criteria

Part A

Student completed
the chart, and drew
the prokaryotic cell
correcty

Student completed
the chart and the
drawing, but with
errors

Student did not

complete the chart
or the drawing

Part B

Student completed
the chart, and drew
the animal cell
correcty

Student completed
the chart and the
drawing, but with
errors

Student did not

complete the chart
or the drawing

Part C

Student completed
the chart, and drew
the plant cell
correcty

Student completed
the chart and the
drawing, but with
errors

Student did not

complete the chart
or the drawing

Analysis questions

Student answered
all 5 questions
correctly

Student answered
all 3-4 questions
correctly

Student answered
1-2 questions
correctly

Task completion

Student finished the

activity on time

Student did not

finish the activity

on time