Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Language
Number
Details
Source
Arabic
Jordanian
28/29consonants
/b, t, t, d, d, k, q, , m, n, r, f, , , , s, s, z,
Dyson&
Amayreh
(2007)
Arabic
Lebanese
27consonants
, , , , , h, j, l, w, , / with six
additional consonants used by some speakers
/, , v, v, z, /
/(p), b, t, t, d, d, (k), , (q), , m, n, r, , f,
(v), (), (), s, s, z, z, , , x, , (), (), ,
Khattab
(2007)
, h, j, l, w/
English
24consonants
/p, b, t, d, k, , m, n, , , , f, v, s, z, , , h,
Smit(2004)
, , j, w, , l/
Consonant
clusters
Arabic
Jordanian
Mainlysyllable
final
Dyson&
Amayreh
(2007)
Arabic
Lebanese
Syllableinitialand
syllablefinal
consonantclustersarephonetically
commonindialectalvarieties[ofStandard
Arabic],includingLebaneseArabicoften
theresultofvowelreduction
Khattab
(2007,p.304)
English
Approx.29
syllableinitialand
manysyllablefinal
consonantclusters
Many2and3elementconsonantclustersin
initialpositionincluding/pl, bl, kl, l, fl, sl,
McLeod
(2007)
Smit(2004)
Vowelsand
diphthongs
Arabic
Jordanian
6vowels+2
diphthongs
Vowels:/i, i, u, u, a, a/
Arabic
Lebanese
13vowels+
4diphthongs
Vowels:/i, , e, e, , , , a, , , u, o, o/
English
14vowels+
3diphthongs
Vowels:/i, , e, , , , , , u, , o, , , /
14vowels+
3diphthongs
Vowels:/i, , e, , , , , , , , o, , , /
12vowels+
8diphthongs
Vowels:/i, , , , a, , , u, , , , /
12vowels+
8diphthongs
Vowels:/i, , e, , , , , o, , , , /iOR
(USGeneral
American)
English
(Canadian)
English
(UKReceived
Pronunciation)
English
(Australian)
Dyson&
Amayreh
(2007)
Khattab
(2007)
Smit(2007)
Diphthongs:/a,a,/
(Smitalsolists5rcoloreddiphthongs)
Diphthongs:/, , /
Diphthongs:/a, a, , e, o, , , /
/i, , , , a, , , , , u, , /ii
Diphthongs:/, e, , , , , e, /iOR
McLeod,S.(2012).InformationaboutArabicspeech.Bathurst,NSW,Australia:CharlesSturtUniversity.
Retrievedfromhttp://www.csu.edu.au/research/multilingualspeech/languages.PublishedNovember2012.
Bernhardt,&
Deby(2007)
Howard
(2007)
i
Harrington,
Cox,&Evans,
(1997)
ii
Mitchell
Page1
English
(NewZealand)
12vowels+
8diphthongs
/e, a, o, a, , , , /ii
(1946)
Vowels:/i, , , , , , u, , , , , /iOR
/ i, , e, , a, , , , , , /ii
Diphthongs:/a, a, i, e, o, i, e, /iOR
/ai, a, i, ei, o, i, e, /ii
Bauer&
Warren
(2004)
ii
Maclagan
(2009)
Tones
Arabic
0tones
English
0tones
Syllableshape
Arabic
C(12)V(12)C(02)
Dyson&
Amayreh
(2007)
Khattab
(2007)
English
C(03)VC(04)
ThesmallestsyllableisVandthelargestis
CCCVCCCCstrengths.
Smit(2004)
McLeod
(2007)
Stresstimed
orsyllable
timed?
Arabic
Jordanian
Stresstimed
Syllablesarelightorheavy
Dyson&
Amayreh
(2007)
Arabic
Lebanese
Stresstimed
Trochaicwordstresspattern
Khattab
(2007)
English
Stresstimed
Syllablescanbestrongorweak.Stressalsois
usedforemphasis.
Varieties
Arabic
Manydialects
ManydialectsincludingEgyptian,Jordanian,
Kuwaiti,Lebanese
English
Manydialects
ManydialectsincludingGeneralAmerican
English,ReceivedPronunciation(England),
ScottishEnglish,IrishEnglish,Australian
English,NewZealandEnglish,SouthAfrican
Englishetc.
Writing
system
Arabic
Arabic(Semitic)
script
Arabic(Semitic)scriptwith28letters(rightto
left).1:1phonemetographeme
correspondence
English
Latinalphabet
Romanscriptlooselyrelatedtophonetic
realizationsoftheconsonantsandvowels.
Dyson&
Amayreh
(2007)
Khattab
(2007)
References
Arabicstudies
Dyson,A.T.,&Amayreh,M.M.(2007).JordanianArabicspeechacquisition.InS.McLeod(Ed.),Theinternationalguide
tospeechacquisition(pp.288299).CliftonPark,NY:ThomsonDelmarLearning.
Khattab,G.(2007).LebaneseArabicspeechacquisition.InS.McLeod(Ed.),Theinternationalguidetospeechacquisition
(pp.300312).CliftonPark,NY:ThomsonDelmarLearning.
McLeod,S.(2012).InformationaboutArabicspeech.Bathurst,NSW,Australia:CharlesSturtUniversity.
Retrievedfromhttp://www.csu.edu.au/research/multilingualspeech/languages.PublishedNovember2012.
Page2
Englishstudies
Bauer,L.,&Warren,P.(2004).NewZealandEnglish:Phonology.InE.Schneider,K.Burridge,B.Kortmann,R.Mesthrie&
C.Upton(Eds.).AhandbookofvarietiesofEnglish:Vol.1.Phonology(pp.580602).Berlin,Germany:Moutonde
Gruyer.
Bernhardt,B.M.H.,&Deby,J.(2007).CanadianEnglishspeechacquisition.InS.McLeod(Ed.),Theinternationalguideto
speechacquisition(pp.177187).CliftonPark,NY:ThomsonDelmarLearning.
Harrington,J.,Cox,F.,&Evans,Z.(1997).Anacousticphoneticstudyofbroad,general,andcultivatedAustralianEnglish
vowels.AustralianJournalofLinguistics,17,155184.
Howard,S.(2007).Englishspeechacquisition.InS.McLeod(Ed.),Theinternationalguidetospeechacquisition(pp.188
203).CliftonPark,NY:ThomsonDelmarLearning.
Maclagan,M.(2009).Reflectingconnectionswiththelocallanguage:NewZealandEnglish.InternationalJournalof
SpeechLanguagePathology,11(2),113121.
McLeod,S.(2007).AustralianEnglishspeechacquisition.InS.McLeod(Ed.),Theinternationalguidetospeech
acquisition(pp.241256).CliftonPark,NY:ThomsonDelmarLearning.
Mitchell,A.G.(1946).ThepronunciationofEnglishinAustralia.Sydney,Australia:Angus&Robertson.
Smit,A.B.(2004).Articulationandphonology:Resourceguideforschoolagechildrenandadults.CliftonPark,NY:
ThomsonDelmarLearning.
Smit,A.B.(2007).GeneralAmericanEnglishspeechacquisition.InS.McLeod(Ed.),Theinternationalguidetospeech
acquisition(pp.128147).CliftonPark,NY:ThomsonDelmarLearning.
Comparativesummaries
Smith,B.(2001).Arabicspeakers.InM.Swan&B.Smith(Eds.),LearnerEnglish:Ateacher'sguidetointerferenceand
otherproblems(pp.195213).Cambridge,UK:CambridgeUniversityPress.
StudiesofmonolingualArabicspeechacquisition
Amayreh,M.M.,&Dyson,A.T.(1998).TheacquisitionofArabicconsonants.JournalofSpeech,LanguageandHearing
Research,41,642653.
Amayreh,M.M.,&Dyson,A.T.(2000).PhoneticinventoriesofyoungArabicspeakingchildren.ClinicalLinguisticsand
Phonetics,14,193215.
Amayreh,M.M.,Hamdan,J.,&Fareh,S.(1999).FrequencyofoccurrenceofconsonantphonemesinArabicandEnglish
discourse.Dirasat,207220.
Ammar,W.(2002).AcquisitionofsyllabicstructureinEgyptiancolloquialArabic.InF.Windsor,M.L.Kelly&N.Hewlett
(Eds.),Investigationsinclinicalphoneticsandlinguistics(pp.153160).Hillsdale,NJ:LawrenceErlbaum.
Ayyad,H.,&Bernhardt,B.M.(2009).PhonologicaldevelopmentofKuwaitiArabic:Preliminarydata.ClinicalLinguistics
&Phonetics,23(11),794807.
McLeod,S.(2012).InformationaboutArabicspeech.Bathurst,NSW,Australia:CharlesSturtUniversity.
Retrievedfromhttp://www.csu.edu.au/research/multilingualspeech/languages.PublishedNovember2012.
Page3
Hamdan,J.M.,&Amayreh,M.M.(2007).ConsonantprofileofArabicspeakingschoolagechildreninJordan.Folia
PhoniatricaetLogopaedica,59(2),5564.
Saleha,M.,Shoeiba,R.,Hegazia,M.,&Alib,P.(2007).EarlyphonologicaldevelopmentinArabicEgyptianchildren:1230
months.FoliaPhoniatricaetLogopaedica,59,234240.
SummariesofmultilingualArabicspeechacquisition
Khattab,G.(2006).PhonologicalacquisitionbyArabicEnglishbilingualchildren.InZhuHua&B.Dodd(Eds.),
Phonologicaldevelopmentanddisordersinchildren:Amultilingualperspective(pp.383412).Cleavdon,UK:
MultilingualMatters.
StudiesofmultilingualArabicspeechacquisition
Languages
Country
Study
Ageof
children
Total
numberof
children
(no.of
multilingual
children)**
Typically/
atypically
developing
children
Speech
/language
Production/
perception
Arabic
Swedish
Sweden
Salameh,E.K.,
Nettlebladt,U.,&
Norlin,K.(2003).
Assessingphonologies
inbilingualSwedish
Arabicchildrenwith
andwithoutlanguage
impairment.Child
LanguageTeaching
andTherapy,19,338
364.
3;10 6;7
20(20)
typical
atypical
speech
production
Note.*StudiesoftypicallyandatypicallydevelopingmultilingualchildrenpublishedinEnglishwereincluded;however,studiesthatonlyincludedmonolingual
childrenwereexcluded.
**Thetotalnumberofchildrenmayhaveincludedbothmultilingualandmonolingualchildren,sothenumberinbracketsprovidesthetotalnumberofmultilingual
children.
McLeod,S.(2012).InformationaboutArabicspeech.Bathurst,NSW,Australia:CharlesSturtUniversity.
Retrievedfromhttp://www.csu.edu.au/research/multilingualspeech/languages.PublishedNovember2012.
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