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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
WINDOWS XP
SUBTOPICS IN WINDOWS XP
New Elements In Windows XP
Basic Concepts
The Desktop
Windows XP Explorer
Searching
The Recycle Bin
Configuring The Screen
Configuring The Mouse
Adding Or Removing Programs
Accessories In Windows XP
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NEW ELEMENTS IN
WINDOWS XP
INTRODUCTION
NEW USER SYSTEM
IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOWS EXPLORER
OTHER IMPROVEMENTS
INTRODUCTION
The new version of Windows represents an important change from the previous
version.
Since Windows95 was released the successive versions had only been an evolution
from the original, nevertheless on this occasion a more important change was
produced because the very center or Kernel of the operating system has been
changed.
Although it may seem to the user that no radical changes were made, it could be said
that Windows XP is not just another version of Windows but practically a whole new
system.
Until now Microsoft had two different operating systems, Windows 98 for personal
or domestic use and Windows NT/2000 for the business and professional
environment.
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INTRODUCTION
With WindowsXP a convergence among both versions is produced; the center of the
operating system Windows 2000 was divided to create WindowsXP, and some
adjustments were done to differentiate WindowsXP Home Edition and WindowsXP
Professional.
The main benefit of this strategy for the domestic users is going to be that
WindowsXP has acquired the sturdiness and stability of WindowsNT/2000, which
should imply that WindowsXP will crash less times, and that there will be fewer
occasions when we have to restart the system as a result of an error.
The improvement for professional users is that WindowsXP has greater
compatibility with the hardware than WindowsNT/2000.
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IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOWS
EXPLORER
The new Windows Explorer has turned out fairly improved.
Now it's better integrated to Internet Explorer.
CD's can be burned by dragging and dropping from the explorer to the recording unit,
it's not longer necessary to install an additional program to record CD's.
The new Windows Explorer also has a very useful way for showing pictures called
Filmstrip which exhibits one picture in wide format and the others in reduced format,
it incorporates buttons to go forward or backwards along the pictures of the folder.
OTHER IMPROVEMENTS
A general change of aspect has been produced among the screens of Windows, the
bars, buttons, icons, etc. are more pleasant.
Now it's easier to configure a domestic network.
It recovers better from errors. When a fatal error occurs WindowsXP creates a
register with all the information concerning the error and gives us the option of sending it
to Microsoft to be analized.
WindowsXP initializes faster than Windows98.
The start menu has changed, is clearer and now the more used applications are shown to
it's right.
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OTHER IMPROVEMENTS
Task bar is far more functional since it organizes in groups the programs of the same
type, for instance, if we have several web pages running, a single Internet icon appears
and when it's clicked on it shows all of them to select one.
There's a new component called Windows Movie Maker that is used to edit films.
We can add sound and titles, delete scenes, etc.
One of the most controversial upgrades is that the product has to be registered
within 30 days from its purchase. The activation consists in letting Microsoft know
that the product was installed in a certain computer so it cannot be installed in any
other.
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BASIC CONCEPTS
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THE WINDOWS
All the windows have the same structure
The window above is the one that opens when you click on My Computer.
THE WINDOWS
All the windows are formed by:
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THE WINDOWS
The menu bar
Has the program functions organized in menus. For example, when we click on File,
the different operations that can be performed with files are displayed. All the
operations that the program allows us to do are located within the different menus of
this bar.
To open a menu with the keyboard, you need to press the Alt key plus the underlined
letter of the menu you want to open. For example Alt+F opens the menu File. In no
letter is underlined, press Alt key.
If on a menu an option appears with a small arrow pointing to the right it means
that that option contains other options. If you want to open the menu related to that
option, you only need to maintain the option highlighted for a few seconds and the
menu will appear.
If on a menu you find an option that contains three dots, (for example Sharing
and Security...) it means that the option needs more information to be executed;
normally a dialog box will open in which you can place that information.
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THE WINDOWS
If you find an option that is grey or lighter colored it means that it is not
possible to select it at that moment. On this example Copy is lighter colored
than Paste.
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THE WINDOWS
THE WINDOWS
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THE KEYBOARD
THE KEYBOARD
If we are in a window we can open some of the menus on the menu bar
with the keyboard by pressing Alt + the letter that is underlined on the
menu we want to open. If within the menu that you opened there is a
submenu you only need to press the letter that is underlined on the
menu you want to open and the key Alt.
Some keyboards have the Windows key that allows you to open
the Start menu.
Combining Keys:To perform certain functions we need to press two
or more keys at the same time. For example, you can save a document
by pressing Ctrl + S.
The ESC key is usually used to exit a screen without saving any changes.
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THE MOUSE
The mouse buttons:
The left button is the most used because with it we select objects.
The middle button or the scroll wheel is used to scroll up and
down. Sometimes for it to take effect we need to click on what we
want to scroll up and down.
The right button is used to open the shortcut menu, depending on
what you click on, the functions of the menu displayed vary.
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THE MOUSE
pointer:
Normal. The normal aspect of the pointer is an arrow , but it can take
other shapes
Busy. Has the shape of a sand clock. The computer is processing and it
does not let another operation be done with the mouse until it is done.
Text. When we are somewhere where it is possible to write it takes this
shape.
Insertion point. Has this shape as a flashing vertical bar and usually
appears where text will be inserted when typed. It is not the mouse pointer.
The insertion point moves as we add text, but it can also be moved with the
arrows on the keyboard and by clicking with the mouse where the pointer is
located.
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THE DESKTOP
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On the desktop we have icons that allow us to open the corresponding program.
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Task Bar.
The task bar is what appears on the bottom of the screen. On the
bottom left corner there is the Start button. Next we have the area for
shortcuts, then the programs running, and lastly the notification area.
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Open programs
In this area we can see the buttons of the programs that are currently open and two
small arrows pointing up and down. If the button is slightly darker it means that it is
the button of the program that we are working with. By clicking on each button we
find ourselves in the respective program.
When there are several programs opened at the same time they are grouped under a
button. For example, if we have several windows of Internet Explorer opened or
several programs with files. By clicking, a window will choose to open one of them. In
this case we choose between the three Internet pages shown.
Further to the right, as in the example above, two black arrows help us to navigate the
buttons in the event that we are working with many windows and they do not all fit on
the task bar.
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The icons and shortcuts are small images situated on the desktop
of Windows XP.
Just like buttons, icons have the objective of immediately executing
a given program.
To start the related application simply double-click with the left
mouse button.
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WINDOWS XP EXPLORER
STARTING THE EXPLORER
THE WINDOWS EXPLORER´S WINDOW
THE WINDOWS EXPLORER'S VIEWS
SELECTING FILES
CREATING AND DELETING FOLDERS
COPYING FILES OR FOLDERS
MOVING FILES OR FOLDERS
OTHER WAYS OF COPYING AND MOVING
CHANGING THE NAME OF A FILE OR FOLDER
FILES AND FOLDERS PROPERTIES
SHOWING HIDDEN FILES OR FOLDERS
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Like in any window, we have the title bar that shows the name of the
folder we are in.
The menu bar contains the menus that will allow us access to all the
operations that can be done with a file or folder. By clicking on each menu
the options will be displayed.
The standard bar contains the buttons for the most used operations.
If this bar is not visible select from the menu View, the option Toolbars,
next select the option Standard buttons.
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The up button will allow us to go up one level, which means going back to the
folder that contains the folder we are working with.
The search button displays a window where we can search for the file we want
The folders button shows the folder's structure on the left side of the screen, or
it can display an area with the most frequent tasks, depending on the file we have
selected. In this area we can find, among others, the following buttons:
The last button allows us to change the views on the folders (view details,
Thumbnails,...)
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The Address Bar is well known for Internet because it shows the
address of the web we are viewing. With Windows Explorer it functions
the same way, but it shows the name of the folder we are working with.
If we click on the black arrow it will show the structure with our
computer's drives.
If we write a name in the address bar and we click on the green arrow, it
will search for this name.
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The Status Bar shows additional information on the elements we have selected.
This is an optional bar. In order to activate it, go to the View menu and click on
Status Bar.
On the Status bar below we can see the number of files the folder contains and
the total size of them (in KB, 1MB is 1024KB). If we select some files, the status
bar will display the information of selected objects and their total size. This is a
very useful bar because we are able to know very quickly if the selected files
would fit on a floppy disk (a floppy disk is 1.44Mb, approximately 1474Kb).
If you only select one file it will show the information on what kind of file it is, if
you select a folder or a drive it will show the number of objects (files or folders)
it contains and how much free space it has left.
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Details. Icons are shown one below the other, with some of their properties. This type of
display is used when we want to find an element with certain characteristics, such as size,
file type, date of modification, etc.
With this type of view we can organize the elements by size, modification date, name, etc.
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SELECTING FILES
If you wish to select a single file or folder you simply need to click on it.
This way any operation you perform will only apply to the selected file or
folder.
If you wish to realize an operation on several files or folders, Windows
Explorer will allow you to select several elements at the same time.
To select consecutive elements
Click on the first element and then click on the last element while keeping
Shift key pressed. This can also be done with the mouse. To do this, click
on the left of the first element (but not on it) and, without letting go, drag it.
A frame should appear that shows the area that the frame encompasses.
Continue dragging until all the desired elements are within the frame, then
let go of the left mouse button..
To select several elements that are not consecutive
Select the first element and continue to select the desired elements while
keeping the Ctrl key pressed.
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This is the image that Windows explorer shows before creating a new
folder.
This is the image that it shows after a new folder has been created. The folder that
is highlighted is the new folder that has just been created within the folder
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Select the file or folder that you want to change the name of.
With the right mouse button click on it.
Select Rename from the shortcut menu, then the name of the file
or folder will be highlighted and with the pointer blinking inside the
name box.
Write the new name.
Click Enter or click outside the file or folder so that the changes
take place.
You can also do this with Rename option from File menu.
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ARRANGING FOLDERS
To arrange the files and folders
contained in a determined
folder follow these steps:
Place the cursor on the folder
you wish to arrange.
Display View menu and select
the option Arrange icons by.
When the menu is displayed,
the different ways you can
arrange will appear. Select the
one you want, for example by
size.
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SEARCHING
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Click Start
Select on the menu
Search.
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THE SCREENSAVER
Sometimes the computer remains inactive a few minutes. It is
recommended to have a screensaver to avoid having a still image on the
screen too long because this can damage the monitor.
From the list, choose the screensaver you like best; a small preview is
shown above.
With Preview you can see how it will look once in place. When you
move the mouse or press a key the preview will end.
You can modify the time it takes for the screensaver to appear by adjusting
the time on Wait.
The Settings button allows us to customize the image that is used as the
screensaver. Depending on the image, the properties we can change vary.
Checking On resume, password protect you can place a password
protection to keep someone else from working on your account.
Once the screensaver is engaged it will only allow you back to the normal
screen once you have entered the correct user password.
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THE SCREENSAVER
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SCREEN APPEARANCE
How to customize the windows in
Windows XP.
Click with the right mouse button
somewhere that has no icons on the
desktop and select the option Properties
from the shortcut menu that is displayed.
The Display properties window will
appear where we can change the
configuration parameters.
Select the tab labeled Appearance on the
Display properties window.
On the Windows and buttons list
select which style you want.
Then select one of the Schemes offered to
you from the Color scheme list.
In the box Font size choose the the size
of lettering that you like.
Once all changes are done Click OK.
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SCREEN APPEARANCE
How to customize the windows with themes.
A Theme is nothing more than a way to group the different
characteristics that affect the appearance of WindowsXP by
giving it a name. This way we can change the theme with a single
click.
Select the tab labeled Appearance on the Display Properties window.
From the Theme: list choose the theme you prefer. On the bottom
part you can see how it will look.
If you wish to save the changes, select my Favourite theme and click
Save as... , then name it and Click OK.
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SCREEN APPEARANCE
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THE BUTTONS
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THE BUTTONS
The mouse is a tool that is used constantly and it is recommendable to
have it set up to our needs as well as possible
Select the Control Panel from the Start menu. Now select Printers
and Other Hardware and double-click on the mouse icon and the
Mouse properties window will open, as in the example below. On the
Buttons tab you can adjust the set up of the mouse to suit your needs.
By default the left mouse button executes the drag and select functions.
This, however, can be uncomfortable if you are left handed. WindowsXP
allows you to change the configuration of the buttons so that the right
button realizes these functions. To switch the button functions select the
option Switch primary and secondary buttons.
We can also adjust the Double-click speed by moving the arrow to the
left, for a slower double-click, or to the right, for a faster double-click.
If you want to be able to drag an object without having to hold down the
mouse select the option Turn on ClickLock.
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THE BUTTONS
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ACCESSORIES IN WINDOWS XP
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ACCESSORIES
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ACCESSORIES
Notepad is a Windows XP
accessories program that is used for
creating simple text documents.
Paint is a Windows XP accessories
program that is used to create
drawings and make basic edits to
images.
WordPad is a Windows XP
accessories program that is used to
create text files that require
formatting and graphics.
Your computer clock is
automatically synchronized with a
network time server or Internet
time server depending on whether
your computer is a member of a
domain.
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ACCESSORIES
Calculator is a Windows XP
accessories program that is used to
calculate equations. The calculator
can be viewed as a standard
calculator for simple calculations
or a scientific calculator for
complex calculations.
Address Book is a Windows XP
accessories program that stores e-
mail addresses, home and work
addresses, phone and fax numbers,
instant messaging addresses, and
other contact information.
Command Prompt is a
Windows XP accessories program
that is used for typing MS-DOS
commands.
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