Cell Structure

Melinda Pon
Plasma Membrane (Cell Membrane)
Fluid Mosaic Model
Semi-Permeable
Selective
Flexible
Transport
Active Transport- High to low
Passive Transport-ATP pump
Function-controls the movement of
substances in and out of cells. Protects the
cell from its surroundings.


A door can be compared to the plasma membrane
because it only lets in people who belong and it
keeps people who dont belong outside.
Nucleus Chromosomes DNA
Function: Nucleus-Control Center Instructions
to make proteins
Enzymes
DNA
RNA
Monomers
Nucleotides
Function of DNA: Sequence of amino acid
residues in proteins, using the genetic code

Teachers can be compared to a nucleus
because they teach students the
information we need to learn.
Chromosomes can be compared to kite
string because it is a threadlike structure.
DNA can be compared to the mayor
because DNA is the instructions to make
proteins and it tells the cell what to do.

Ribosomes
Protein Synthesis
Link amino acids: Peptide bonds
Contains large subunit
Contains small subunit
Ribosome Function: They bind messenger
RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize
polypeptides and proteins.

Ribosome can be compared to students because
when they are given directions they produce the
materials needed.
Cytoplasm
Cytosol
Liquid=Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Function of cytoplasm: Jelly like fluid that
contains all organelles and cell parts.

Air can be compared to cytoplasm
because if your house is representing the
cell it would be the air that fills the house.
Mitochondria
Cellular Respiration
ATP
Function: Cell energy


A light house can be compared to
mitochondria because a light house
produces light from a system of lamps.
Chloroplasts
Chloroplast Function: Conducts
Photosynthesis

Chloroplasts can be compared to a
kitchen because it is where the food is
produced by photosynthesis.
Cell Wall
Structure
Support TURGOR
Cellulose
Polysaccharide
Function of Cell Wall: Outside the plasma
membrane of the cells and protects.
A cell wall can be compared to a
shoe box because it protects the
shoes from getting damaged.
Rough ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum)
Protein Synthesis
Rough ER Function: Transports things around
the cell
Elevators can be compared to the
Rough ER because it transports people
to where they need to get.
Smooth ER
Synthesis: Carbs + lipids
Detox
Smooth ER Function: It synthesizes lipids and
phospholipids
Smooth ER can be compared to the food court
because it delivers food to who needs it.
Golgi
Finisher (ER)
Golgi Function: The modifying, sorting and
packaging of proteins for secretion.

The post office can be compared to the golgi
apparatus because they sort out, package,
and deliver parts to many parts of the cell.
Vacuoles/ Vesicles
Vesicles Transport
Vacuole Storage
A balloon filled with helium or air can be
compared to a vacuole because it storages
the helium or air.
A water pipe can be compared to a vesicle
because it transports water to a certain area.
Large Central Vacuole
Osmosis
Large Central Vacuole Function: Holds
materials and waste.
A water tank can be compared to the large
central vacuole because it holds the cells
water.
Lysosomes
Hydrolytic enzymes
Lysosome Function: Break down
Recycle parts
A lysosome can be compared to a recycling
center because it processes and breaks down
unwanted items.
Centrioles
Cell Division
Spindle fibers
A centriole can be compared to a truck(centriole) that is
attached with a tow cable (spindle fibers) because it
pulls the cable.
Microtubules
Cytoskeleton
Shape/support/ (protection)
Movement
Microflamenta
Microtubules Function: Maintains the
structure of the cell
Bones can be compared to microtubules
because it maintains the shapes of our
bodies.