Part of Plants: Roots

All plants have structures that can be described

as roots which gather water from the soil. In the
water other necessary molecules are also
absorbed such as nitrate or ammonia.
Roots prevent the plant from falling over acting
like the anchor into the ground.
The larger the root system the easier it will be
for the plant to absorb water and nutrients.
Fibrous roots are made of many small roots.
Tap roots are one larger root with many smaller
tiny roots coming off of the larger root.
Root Systems
Parts of Plants: Stems
Stems connect the roots to the leaves, as well
as support the leaves into the air.
Within the stem are tube-like tissues that
transport the necessary molecules back and
forth.
Xylem are tissues that transport water and
other nutrients from the soil up to the leaves.
Phloem are tissues that transport sugars from
the leaves down to the rest of the plant.

Cross Section of a Stem
Parts of Plants: Leaves part I
Leaves carry out photosynthesis.
The outer cells of the leaf are the epidermis. On
the underside of leaves are openings called
stomata (s. stoma).
Each stoma are surrounded by cells called
guard cells that open and close to allow carbon
dioxide to enter and oxygen to leave.
During the day when temperatures are hottest
the guard cells close to prevent transpiration,
the evaporation of water out of leaves.

Parts of Plants: Leaves Part II
The top surface of each leaf is covered in a
waxy coating called the cuticle. This prevents
any transpiration through the top surface.
Within the internal portion of the leaf are cells
that contain many chloroplasts. These cells
make up tissue called Mesophyll. They conduct
photosynthesis and produce sugar for the plant
to use.
Within leaves are veins or vascular bundle.
These contain the xylem and phloem tissues
which bring water into the leaf and take sugar
away.