El Yunque

National
Park
Welcome to El Yunque!
El Yunque is
located
181900N
654700W.

It was
named after
the cloud-
shrouded
mountain tops.

Biome Type
El Yunque is a tropical rainforest.

All rainforests are around the equator (0 degrees).

Temperatures are high

Has only 2 seasons wet season and dry season

Abiotic Factors Rainfall
Average rainfall is 200
in. per year.




It rains year-round
Results in year-round
growing season.
Approximately
28,000 acres of
diverse vegetation
is covered.

Grapes are grown in El Yunque.
Abiotic Factors Daylight Hours
Hours of daylight each day throughout the year is
11-13.25 hours.
Temperature and daylight length remain fairly
constant throughout the year, at 78-82F.

Date Daylight hours
Jan 21 91.482 hrs.
Feb 21 91.935 hrs.
Mar 21 92.622 hrs.
Apr 21 93.438 hrs.
May 21 94.100 hrs.
Jun 21 94.476 hrs.
Jul 21 94.450 hrs.
Aug 21 94.028 hrs.
Sep 21 93.312 hrs.
Oct 21 92.519 hrs.
Nov 21 91.817 hrs.
Dec 21 91.444 hrs.
Abiotic Factors Climate
Climate is:
Hot/Warm
Moist
Humid
Tropical
Climate

Experience
summer all
year

You can see all of the water
vapor in the air, which shows
the high humidity that El
Yunque has.
Abiotic Factors- Effect on
Ecosystem
Animals and plants
are affected by the
factors

The wind contributes
to the rainfall
Essential for plants

High humidity
Difficult for some
animals to deal with

Perfect climate for
amphibians and
reptiles such as anoles
and geckos

The climate in El
Yunque is warm and
moist, which is perfect
for anoles.
Biotic Factors Plants
Sierran Palms
Very tall plant with
dark green leaves

Soil for plants:
45-75% clay
Soil nutrients in
top 4 in.

These are the Sierran
Palms.
Coqui Frog
Favorite Puerto
Rican mascot
Its unofficial, but
is still considered
as a symbol of
Puerto Rico.
This is the Coqui Frog
of Puerto Rico.
Biotic Factors- Animals
There are:
o 200 species of birds
o 22 kinds of mammals

o Butterflies
o Ants
o Beetles
o Termites
o Spiders
o Anoles
o Geckos
o Tarantulas
o Centipedes

Biotic Factors 1st Layer
Forest Floor
This is layer is covered with leaf litter
that fall and then decompose.

Animals/insects:
mushrooms
isopods
Decaying
organic
material:
detritus
mushrooms
Biotic Factors 2
nd
layer
Understory
Plants:
Dwarf Trees, plants, and vines that live with little
sun and air
Plants rely on insects and animals to pollinate
them.
Animals that pollinate these plants stay in the
understory layer forever.

Animals/insects:
Ants
Walkingsticks
Twig dwarf anoles
Giant crab spiders
Geckos




Gecko
Biotic Factors 3
rd
layer
Canopic
Plants:
o Made of trees with large, dark-green leaves,
mostly Sierran Palms and Pumpwood Trees.
o Plants absorb sunlight.

Epiphytes such as orchids and bromeliads
grow in canopy trees to collect sunlight and
water.


bromeliad
orchids
Biotic Factors 4
th
layer
Emergent
Made up of
the tallest trees
Rise above the
shorter trees in
the canopy
layer
Rely on wind
pollination and
winged seeds
for seed
dispersal



Level of
Consumers
Organisms

Producer
Sierran Palms, Hibicus, Pumpwood Trees,and
Polyporus Mushroom.

First Level
Jamaican Fruit Bat, Lamponius Walkingstick,
Wheeleri, Fire Ant, Isopod and Caracolus Snail.

Second Level
Coqui Frog, Tarantulas, Puerto Rico Tanager, Twig
Dwarf Anole, Scolopendra Centepide, Fire Ants,
Puerto Rican Screech Owl, Red Tailed Hawk,
Sphaerodactylus Gecko and Giant Crab Spider.

Third Level
Caracolous Snail, Giant Crab Spider, Puerto Rican
Screech Owl, Fire Ant, Blue Tarantula, Red Tailed
Hawk, Coqui Frog, Twig Dwarf Anole and
Scolopendra Centipede.
Food Chart
Food Chart
Level of
Consumers
Organisms

Fourth Level
Red Tailed Hawk, Coqui Frog, Puerto Rican Screech
Owl, Giant Crab Spider, Puerto Rican Tanager and
Twig Dwarf Anole.

Fifth Level
Giant Crab Spider, Scolopendra Centepide,
Puerto Rican Screech Owl and Red Tailed Hawk.

Sixth Level
Red Tailed Hawk, Puerto Rican Screech Owl,
Sphaerodactylus Gecko, Coqui Frog and Fire Ant

Seventh Level

Red Tailed Hawk

Decomposer

Bacteria
Food Web
Issues
Habitat loss
Human activity
Hunting
Tropical logging
Destruction of
rainforests
Main organisms are
hurt.


A great amount of trees were
cut down and destroyed in
order to build this bridge.
These Puerto Rican parrots
cant live in the wild and are
trapped in cages because
theyre being hunted.
Trees are sold for
lumber and are
burned to charcoal.

9,000 acres of
rainforests are
cleared and 6 plant
or animal species
are extinct every
hour.

Puerto Rican parrot
and the Coqui Frog
are endangered.
Coqui Frogs
rapidly decreased
since the 1500s.

Issues Populations
Affected
Puerto Rican parrots
are close to
becoming extinct
due to human
activity.
Issues Effect on the
Ecosystem
The ecosystem will be
affected overall because:
Organisms are endangered.
Forest areas are destroyed.

Solutions
Problem
Human activity
such as destroying
forest area is
disturbing the
rainforest
Hunting
Solution
We should stop
trying to build
roads and cutting
down trees for our
own good.
Hunting should be
strictly prohibited
and the people
harming the
animals should be
stopped.
Work Cited Page
www.fossweb/nyc.com
www.google.com for pictures
www.elyunque.com