Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S.

Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

2.2. Neraca Massa pada masing-masing alat
2.2.1. Degumming Tank(T-103)
Berfungsiuntukmengikat gum dan CPO

Degumming Tank
F2 = 57550,64457 kg/ jam
Trigliserida 96,33%
FFA 3,5%
H2O 0,02%
I mpuritis 0,02 %
F3
H3PO4 85%
Kadar Air 15%
F4 = ?
Trigliserida = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
I mpuritis = ?
Gum = ?

Neraca Massa Total :
F2+ F3 = F4
F4 = 57.608,195 kg/jam

Neraca Massa Komponen :

No

Komponen
Input (Kg/jam) Output (Kg/jam)
F2 F3 F4
1 Trigliserida 55.438,5359 - 55.438,53591
2 FFA 2.014,27256 - 2.014,27256
3 H2O 86,32596685 8,632596685 94,95856354
4 Impuritis 11,5101289 - 7,021178637
5 H3PO4 - 48,91804788 -
6 Gum - - 53,40699816

Total
57.550,64457 57,55064457
57.608,19521 57.608,19521





Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

2.2.2. Bleacher Tank(T-105)
Berfungsi untuk menghilangkanzatwarna yang
tidakdiinginkandenganmenggunakanKaolin.
Bleacher Tank
F4
Trigliserida
FFA
H2O
I mpuritis
Gum
F6 = ?
Trigliserida = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
I mpuritis = ?
Gum = ?
Spent Kaolin = ?
Kaolin 98,15%
Air 1,85%
F5


Neraca Massa Total :
F6 = F4 + F5
F6 = 57608,1952 Kg/jam + 1151,0129 Kg/jam
F6 = 58759,2081 Kg/jam

Neraca Massa Komponen :
NO Komponen Input (Kg/jam) Output (Kg/jam)
F4 F5 F6
1 Trigliserida 55.438,5359 - 55.438,5359
2 FFA 2.014,27356 - 2.014,27356
3 H2O 94,958856 21,2937385 116,252302
4 Impuritis 11,510129 - 11,510129
5 Gum 53,4069982 - 53,4069982
6 Kaolin - 1.129,71915 -
7 Spent Kaolin - - 1.130,68877

Total
57.608,1952 1.151,01289 58.759,2081
58.759,2081 58.759,2081






Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

2.2.3. Niagar Filter(F-101)
Berfungsiuntukmenyaringgumdanspent kaolin.
Niagara Filter
F6
Trigliserida
FFA
H2O
I mpuritis
Gum
Spent Kaolin
F8
Gum
Spent Kaolin
F7 = ?
Trigliserida = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
I mpuritis = ?
Gum = ?
Spent Kaolin = ?



Neraca Massa Total :
F7=888,0718 Kg/jam
F8= 57752,7267Kg/jam
F6 = F7 + F8
F7 + F8 = 58759,2181 Kg/jam


Neraca Massa Komponen :
No Komponen Input (kg/jam) Output (kg/jam)
F6 F8 F7
1 Trigliserida 55.438,5359 - 55.438,54
2 FFA 2014,27256 - 2.014,273
3 H2O 116,252302 - 116,2523
4 Impuritis 6,05156538 - 6,051565
5 Spent earth 1.130,68877 961,085451 169,6033
6 Gum 53,4069932 45,3959484 8,01105

Total
58.759,2081 1006,4814 57.752,73
58.759,2081 58.759,2081






Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

2.2.4. Polishing Filter I(F-102)
Berfungsiuntukmemurnikan RBDPO.
Polishing Filter
F7
Trigliserida
FFA
H2O
I mpuritis
Gum
Spent Kaolin
F10 = ?
Trigliserida = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
I mpuritis = ?
F9
Gum
Spent Kaolin


Neraca Massa Total :
F10 = 57601,7545 Kg/jam
F9 = 150,9722 Kg/jam
F7= F10 + F9
F10 + F9 = 57752,7267 Kg/jam

Neraca Massa Komponen :

No Komponen Input (kg/jam) Output (kg/jam)
F7 F9 F10
1 Trigliserida 55.438,54 - 55.438,5359
2 FFA 2.014,273 - 2.014,273
3 H2O 116,252302 - 116,2523
4 Impuritis 6,051565 - 32,6937201
5 Spent earth 169,603315 144,162 -
6 Gum 8,01104972 6,809392 -

Total
57.752,7267 150,9722 57.601,7545
57.752,7267 57.752,7267



Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

2.2.5. Deodorizer Tank(T-106)
Berfungsiuntukmemisahkan Asam Lemak Bebas menjadi Palm Fatty Acid

Neraca Massa Total :
F12=1622,4139 Kg/jam
F14= 55979,3406 Kg/jam
F10 = F12 + F14
F12+ F14 = 57601,7545 Kg/jam

Neraca Massa Komponen :
No Komponen Input (kg/jam) Output (kg/jam)
F10 F12 F14
1 Trigliserida 55.438,53591 - 55.438,536
2 FFA 2.014,27256 - 503,56814
3 PFAD - 1.510,70442 -
4 H2O 116,252302 87,18922652 29,063076
5 Impuritis 32.69372007 24,52029006 8,17343
Total
57.601,75449 1.622,413936 55.979,341
57.601,75449 57.601,75449


Deodorizer Tank
F10
Trigliserida
FFA
H2O
I mpuritis
F14 = ?
Trigliserida = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
I mpuritis = ?
F12
PFAD
I mpuritis
H2O



Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

2.2.6. Polishing FilterII(F-103)
Berfungsiuntuk memurnikan RBDPO

Polishing Filter
F14
Trigliserida
FFA
H2O
I mpuritis
F18 = ?
Trigliserida = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
I mpuritis = ?
F17
I mpuritis

Neraca Massa Total :
F17= waste = impuritis yang masih terikut akan dibuang dalam aliran ini
F17= 55973,2105 Kg/jam
F14 = F17 + F18
F17 + F18= 55979,3406 Kg/jam

Neraca Massa Kompenen :
No Komponen Input (kg/jam) Output (kg/jam)
F14 F17 F18
1 Trigliserida 55438.5359 - 55438.53591
2 FFA 503.56814 - 503.56814
3 H2O 29.0630755 - 29.06307551
4 Impuritis 8.17343002 6.130073 2.043357505
Total
55979.3406 6.130073 55973.21048
55979.3406 55979.3406


2.2.7. Crystalizer Tank(T-107)
Berfungsi untuk mendinginkan campuran olein dan stearin agar terbentukslurry

Crystalizer
F18
Trigliserida
FFA
H2O
I mpuritis
F21
Trigliserida = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
I mpuritis = ?

Neraca Massa Total :
F18 = F21
F21 = 55973,2105 Kg/jam






Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

Neraca Massa Komponen :
No
Komponen
Input (kg/jam) Output (kg/jam)
F18 F21
1 Trigliserida 55.438,53591 55.438,53591
2
FFA 503,56814 503,56814
3
Impuritis 29,06307551 29,06307551
4
H2O 2,043357505 2,043357505
Total
55.973,21048 55.973,21048

2.2.8. Membran Filter(F-104)
Berfungsi untuk memisahkan fraksi padat (stearin) dengan fraksi cair (olein).
Asumsi konversi olein 75% dari umpan crystalizer (Yusoff, 2000)
Asumsi Kadar FFAdan H2O 0,1 % yang disesuaikan dengans pesifikasi produk
(BSN, 2006)
Membran Filter
F21
Trigliserida
FFA
H2O
I mpuritis
F22
Olein = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
F23
Stearin = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
I mpuritis = ?

Neraca Massa Total :
F23 = 14477,0669 Kg/jam
F22 = 419791436 Kg/jam
F21 = F23 + F22
F22 + F23 = 55973,2105 Kg/jam

Neraca Massa Komponen :
No
Komponen
Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
F21 F22 F23
1 Trigliserida 55438.53591 - -
2
FFA
503.56814 0.377676105 503.1904639
3
Impuritis
2.043357505
-
2.043357505
4
H2O
29.06307551 0.021797307 29.0412782
5
Olein -
41495.74413
-
6
Stearin - -
13942.79178

Total
55973.21048 41496.1436 14477.06688
55973.21048 55973.21048



Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

2.3. Neraca Massa pada Overall


Process
F4 = 57550,64 Kg/ jam
Trigliserida = 55438,54 Kg/ jam
FFA = 2014,273 Kg/ jam
H2O = 86,32597 Kg/ jam
I mpurities = 11,51013 Kg/ jam
F3 = 57,5506 Kg/jam
H3PO4 = 48,9181 Kg/jam
H2O = 8,63260 Kg/jam
F6 = 1151,0129 Kg/ jam
Kaolin = 1129,7192 Kg/ jam
H2O = 21,293738 Kg/ jam
F9a = 1006,4814 Kg/ jam
Gum = 45,395948 Kg/ jam
spent kaolin = 961,08545 Kg/ jam
F9b = 150,9722 Kg/ jam
Gum = 6,809392 Kg/ jam
spent kaolin = 144,1628 Kg/ jam
F11a = 1622,4139 Kg/ jam
FFAD = 1510,70442 Kg/ jam
I mpuritis = 24,5202901 Kg/ jam
H2O = 87,1892265 Kg/ jam
F17 = 14477,067 Kg/ jam
Stearin = 13942,792 Kg/ jam
FFA = 503,19046 Kg/ jam
H2O = 29,041278 Kg/ jam
I mpuritis = 2,0433575 Kg/ jam
F14a = 6,130073 Kg/ jam
I mpuritis = 6,130073 Kg/ jam
F18 = 41496,1436 Kg/ jam
Olein = 41495,7441 Kg/ jam
FFA = 0,37767611 Kg/ jam
H2O = 0,02179731 Kg/ jam
Neraca Massa Total
MASUK KELUAR
58759,2081 Kg/ jam 58759,2081 Kg/ jam








Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

LAMPIRAN A.1
Dasar Perancangan Pabrik :
Kapasitas pabrik = 300.000 ton/tahun = 300.000.000 kg/tahun
Operasi pabrik = 300 hari
Kapasitas per hari = 300.000.000 kg/tahun : 300 hari = 1.000.000 kg/hari
Kapasitas per jam = 1.000.000 kg/hari : 24 jam = 41.666,66667 kg/jam
Laju Alir F2 = 57.550,64457 kg/jam
Asumsi :
Jumlah H3PO4 yang digunakanadalah 0,1% dari CPO yang masuk
H3PO4 yang dibutuhkan = 0,1% x 57.550,64457kg/jam ( Sumarna, 2007)
Fospatida yang menjadi gum = 62,26% (Sumarna, 2007)
Fospatida yang tertinggal = 37,74% (Sumarna, 2007)
Laju alir F3 = 57,550645 kg/jam

Degumming Tank
F2 = 57550,64457 kg/ jam
Trigliserida 96,33%
FFA 3,5%
H2O 0,02%
I mpuritis 0,02 %
F3
H3PO4 85%
Kadar Air 15%
F4 = ?
Trigliserida = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
I mpuritis = ?
Gum = ?

Neraca Massa Total :
F2+ F3= F4
F4 = 57.608,195 kg/jam

Neraca Massa Komponen :
Trigliserida : F4X4Trigliserida = F2X2Trigliserida
F4X4Trigliserida= 55.438,5391 kg/jam

FFA : F4X4FFA = F2X2FFA
F4X4FFA = 2.014,27256 kg/jam

H2O : F4X4H2O = F2X2H2O
F4X4H2O= 94,95856354 kg/jam

Perhitungan Neraca Massa
Alat Degumming Tank Kode
Fungsi Mengikat gum dan CPO T-103



Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

Fospatida :F4 X4 Fospatida= 37,74% F2X2 Fospatida
F4 X4 Fospatida= 37,74% (0,0078% x 57.550,645 kg/jam
F4X4 Fospatida= 1,694129 kg/jam

Aldehid :F4 X4 Aldehid = F2X2 Aldehid
F4 X4 Aldehid = (0,0083% x 57.550,645 kg/jam
F4X4 Aldehid = 4,776703 kg/jam

Karoten :F4 X4 Karoten = F2X2 Karoten
F4 X4 Karoten = (0,0039% x 57.550,645 kg/jam
F4X4 Karoten = 2,244475 kg/jam


H3PO4 : F4X4 H3PO4 = F3X3 H3PO4
F4X4 H3PO4 = 85% x 57,550645
F4X4 H3PO4 = 48,91804788 kg/jam

Gum :F4X4Gum = (00897665) F4X4Gum
F4X4Gum = 00897665x 57.608,195
F4X4Gum = 51,71286 kg/jam

Komposisi Aliran F4 :
F4X4Trigliserida= 55.438,536 kg/jam
X4 Trigliserida =


= 0,962338

F4X4FFA = 2.014,2726 kg/jam
X4FFA =


= 0,034965

F4X4 H2O = 94,958564 kg/jam
X4H2O =


= 0,001648

F4X4 Aldehid = 4,7767035 kg/jam
X4 Aldehid =


= 8,291 x 10
-5

F4X4 Karoten = 2,2444751 kg/jam
X
4
Karoten =


= 3,8961 x 10
-5





Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman


F4X4 Fospatida = 1,6941298 kg/jam
X4 Fospatida =


= 2,940 x 10
-5

F4X4Gum = 51,712868 kg/jam
X4Gum =


= 0,00089767

Tabel 1. Neraca massa pada degumming tank

No

Komponen
Input (Kg/jam) Output (Kg/jam)
F2 F3 F4
1 Trigliserida 55.438,5359 - 55.438,53591
2 FFA 2.014,27256 - 2.014,27256
3 H2O 86,32596685 8,632596685 94,95856354
4 Impuritis 11,5101289 - 7,021178637
5 H3PO4 - 48,91804788 -
6 Gum - - 53,40699816

Total
57.550,64457 57,55064457
57.608,19521 57.608,19521

























Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman


Perhitungan Neraca Massa
Alat Bleacher Kode
Fungsi Menghilangkan zat warna yang tidak
diinginkan
T-105
Asumsi :
Bleaching earth yang digunakan yaitu jenisSimnit (Kaolin), maka Kaolin yang
dibutuhkan : 2,00 % x kg/jam = 1.151,01289 kg/jam
Laju 5Alir F5 : 1.151,01289 kg/jam
Efisiensi dayaserap kaolin sebesar 43,2 % mengikatkaroten (Nasution, 2003)
Konsentrasi Kaolin 98,15% sehingga : 98,15% x 1.151,01289 = 1.129,71915 kg/jam
Kadar Air (H2O) 1,85% sehingga : 1,85 % x 1.151,01289 = 21,2937385 kg/jam
Kandungan Karoten yang terkandung dalam impurities sebesar 19.5 % sedangkan
kandungan aldehid 41,5%
maka: 19,5% x 11,510129 = 2,244475 kg/jam
maka :41,5% x 11,510129= 4,776703 kg/jam (Gunstone, 1987).

Bleacher Tank
F4
Trigliserida
FFA
H2O
I mpuritis
Gum
F6 = ?
Trigliserida = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
I mpuritis = ?
Gum = ?
Spent Kaolin = ?
Kaolin 98,15%
Air 1,85%
F5

Neraca Massa Total :
F6 = F4 + F5
F6 = 57.608,1952 Kg/jam + 1151,0129 Kg/jam
F6 = 58.759,2081 Kg/jam

Neraca Massa Komponen :
Trigliserida : F4X4Trigliserida = F6X6Trigliserida
55.438,536 kg/jam = F6X6Trigliserida

FFA : F4X4 FFA = F6X6 FFA
2.014,27256 kg/jam = F6X6FFA

H2O : F4X4H2O + F5X5H2O= F6X6H2O
(94,9585635 + 21,2937385 kg/jam) = F6X6H2O
116,252302 kg/jam = F6X6H2O



Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman




Fospatida : F4X4 Fospatida = F6X6 Fospatida
(0,002940% x 57.608,19521) = F6X6 Fospatida
1,694129834 kg/jam = F6X6 Fospatida

Karoten : F4X4 Karoten = F6X6 Karoten
(0,003896104% x 57.608,19521) = F6X6 Karoten
1,79558011 kg/jam = F6X6 Karoten

Aldehid : F4X4 Aldehid = F6X6 Aldehid
(0,008291708% x 57.608,19521) = F6X6 Aldehid
4,776703499 kg/jam = F6X6 Aldehid


Gum : (0,089766513%) F4X4Gum = F6X6Gum
51,71286832 kg/jam = F6X6Gum

Kaolin : F5X5kaolin= F6X6kaolin
(0,01923389 x 58.759,2081) =F6X6 kaolin
1.130,168048 kg/jam = F6X6 kaolin

Mencari F5 dan F6
F5 = F5H2O + F5 kaolin
= 21,2937385 + 1.129,71915
= 1.151,012889kg/jam

F6 = F4 +F5
= (57.608,195 + 1.151,012889)kg/jam
= 58.759,2081 kg/jam

Komposisi Aliran F6 :
F6X6Trigliserida= 55.438,5359 kg/jam
X6 Trigliserida =


= 0,943486778

F6X6FFA = 2.014,27256 kg/jam
X6FFA =


= 0,034280118

F6X6H2O = 116,252302 kg/jam



Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

X6H2O =


=0,001978452

F4X4 Aldehid = 4,7767035 kg/jam
X4 Aldehid =


= 8,1293 x 10
-5

F4X4 Karoten = 1,79558011 kg/jam
X4 Karoten =


= 3,0558 x 10
-5

F4X4 Fospatida = 1,6941298 kg/jam
X4 Fospatida =


= 2,8832 x 10
-5

F6X6Gum = kg/jam
X6 Gum =


= 0,00088008

F6X6Spent kaolin = 1.130,168048 kg/jam
X6Spent kaolin =


=0,01923389

Tabel 2. Neraca massa pada bleacher tank
NO Komponen Input (Kg/jam) Output (Kg/jam)
F4 F5 F6
1 Trigliserida 55.438,5359 - 55.438,5359
2 FFA 2.014,27356 - 2.014,27356
3 H2O 94,958856 21,2937385 116,252302
4 Impuritis 11,510129 - 11,510129
5 Gum 53,4069982 - 53,4069982
6 Kaolin - 1.129,71915 -
7 Spent Kaolin - - 1.130,68877

Total
57.608,1952 1.151,01289 58.759,2081
58.759,2081 58.759,2081










Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman



Perhitungan Neraca Massa
Alat Niagara Filter Kode
Fungsi Menyaringgumdanspent earth F-101

Asumsi : niagara filter memisahkan gum and spent kaolin 85% (Pieter, 1993)
Niagara Filter
F6
Trigliserida
FFA
H2O
I mpuritis
Gum
Spent Kaolin
F8
Gum
Spent Kaolin
F7 = ?
Trigliserida = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
I mpuritis = ?
Gum = ?
Spent Kaolin = ?

Neraca Massa Total :
F6 = F7 + F8
F7 + F8 = 58.759,2081 Kg/jam

Neraca Massa Komponen :
Trigliserida : F6X6Trigliserida = F7X7Trigliserida
55.438,5359 kg/jam = F7X7 Trigliserida

FFA : F6X6 FFA = F7X7 FFA
2.014,27256 kg/jam = F7X7FFA

H2O : F6X6 H2O = F7X7H2O
116,252302 kg/jam = F7X7H2O

Fospatida : F6X4 Fospatida = F7X7 Fospatida
(0,002940% x 57.608,19521) = F7X7 Fospatida
1,694129834 kg/jam = F7X7 Fospatida

Karoten : F6X6 Karoten = F7X7 Karoten
(0,003896104% x 57.608,19521) = F7X7 Karoten
1,79558011 kg/jam = F7X7 Karoten

Aldehid : F6X6 Aldehid = F7X7 Aldehid
(0,008291708% x 57.608,19521) = F7X7 Aldehid
4,776703499 kg/jam = F7X7 Aldehid



Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman


Gum : 85% F6X6Gum = F8X8Gum
51,7128683 kg/jam = F8X8Gum

: 85% F6X6Gum = F7X7Gum
43,95594kg/jam = F7X7Gum
:( F6X6Gum )- F7X7Gum = F8X8Gum
: 7,75693 kg/jam = = F8X8Gum

Spent Kaolin : F6X6kaolin= (85% x F6 Spent kaolin + F7X7kaolin)
1.130,68877kg/jam =960,542841 kg/jam + F7X7kaolin
F7X7kaolin = 1.130,68877 961,085451 kg/jam
F7X7 kaolin =169,5252 kg/jam

Mencari F7 dan F8
F7 = F7Gum + F7 spent kaolin
= (43,95594 + 960,6428) kg/jam
= 1004,599 kg/jam

F8 = F6 - F7
= (58.759,2081 1004,599)kg/jam
= 57754,60932kg/jam

Komposisi Aliran F7:
F8X8Gum = 43,95594 kg/jam
X8Gum =


= 0,04375472

F8X8Spent kaolin = 960,6428 kg/jam
X8Spent kaolin =


= 0.95624528

Komposisi Aliran F8:
F6X6Trigliserida= 55.438,53591 kg/jam
X6 Trigliserida =


= 0,959898033

F6X6FFA = 2.014,27256 kg/jam
X6FFA =


= 0,034876395

F6X6H2O = 116,252302 kg/jam



Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

X6H2O =


=0,002012866


F4X4 Aldehid = 4,7767035 kg/jam
X4 Aldehid =


= 8,27069 x 10
-5

F4X4 Karoten = 1,79558011 kg/jam
X4 Karoten =


= 3,10898 x 10
-5

F4X4 Fospatida = 1,6941298 kg/jam
X4 Fospatida =


= 2,93332 x 10
-5

F6X6Gum = kg/jam
X6 Gum =


= 0,000134398

F6X6Spent kaolin = 169,5252072kg/jam
X6Spent kaolin =


=0,002935267

Tabel 3. Neraca massa pada Niagara filter
No Komponen Input (kg/jam) Output (kg/jam)
F6 F8 F7
1 Trigliserida 55.438,5359 - 55.438,54
2 FFA 2014,27256 - 2.014,273
3 H2O 116,252302 - 116,2523
4 Impuritis 6,05156538 - 6,051565
5 Spent earth 1.130,68877 961,085451 169,6033
6 Gum 53,4069932 45,3959484 8,01105

Total
58.759,2081 1006,4814 57.752,73
58.759,2081 58.759,2081












Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman



Perhitungan Neraca Massa
Nama Alat Polishing Filter Kode
Fungsi Memurnikan RBDPO F-102
Asumsi efisiensi 100% memisahkan Gum dan BE
Polishing Filter
F7
Trigliserida
FFA
H2O
I mpuritis
Gum
Spent Kaolin
F10 = ?
Trigliserida = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
I mpuritis = ?
F9
Gum
Spent Kaolin

Neraca Massa Total :
F7 = F9 + F10
57754.60932 kg/jam = F9 + F10

Neraca Massa Komponen :
Trigliserida : F7X7 Trigliserida = F10X10Trigliserida
55.438,53591 kg/jam = F10X10Trigliserida

FFA : F7X7FFA = F10X10FFA
2.014,2725 kg/jam = F10X10FFA

H2O : F7X7H2O= F10X10H2O
116,2523 kg/jam = F10X10 H2O

Fospatida : F7X7 Fospatida = F10X10 Fospatida
(0,002940% x 57.608,19521) = F10X10 Fospatida
1,694129834 kg/jam = F10X10 Fospatida

Karoten : F6X6 Karoten = F7X7 Karoten
(0,003896104% x 57.608,19521) = F7X7 Karoten
1,79558011 kg/jam = F7X7 Karoten

Aldehid : F6X6 Aldehid = F7X7 Aldehid
(0,008291708% x 57.608,19521) = F7X7 Aldehid



Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

4,776703499 kg/jam = F7X7 Aldehid


Gum : F7X7Gum = F9X9Gum
7,756930249 kg/jam = F8X8Gum

Spent Kaolin : F7X7Spent Kaolin= F9X9Spent kaolin
169,5252072 kg/jam = F9X9Spent kaolin

Mencari F9 dan F10
F9 = F9X9Gum + F9X9 Spent kaolin
= 7,756930249 kg/jam + 169,5252072 kg/jam
= 177,2821 kg/jam

F10 = F8 F9
= 57754,60932kg/jam 177,2821 kg/jam
= 57577,32719kg/jam

Komposisi Aliran F9 :
F9X9Gum = 7,756930249 kg/jam
X9Gum =


= 0,043755

F9X9 Spent kaolin = 169,5252072kg/jam
X9 Spent kaolin =


= 0,956245

Komposisi Aliran F10 :
F10X10 Trigliserida = 55.438,5359 kg/jam
X10 Trigliserida =


= 0,96244527

F10X10FFA = 2.014,27256 kg/jam
X10FFA =


= 0,0349838

F10X10H2O = 116,252302 kg/jam
X10H2O =


= 0,0020191

F4X4 Aldehid = 4,7767035 kg/jam
X4 Aldehid =


= 8,296 x 10
-5




Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

F4X4 Karoten = 1,79558011 kg/jam
X4 Karoten =


= 3,119 x 10
-5

F4X4 Fospatida = 1,6941298 kg/jam
X4 Fospatida =


= 2,942 x 10
-5



Tabel 4. Neraca Massa pada polishing filter











No Komponen Input (kg/jam) Output (kg/jam)
F7 F9 F10
1 Trigliserida 55.438,54 - 55.438,5359
2 FFA 2.014,273 - 2.014,273
3 H2O 116,252302 - 116,2523
4 Impuritis 6,051565 - 32,6937201
5 Spent earth 169,603315 144,162 -
6 Gum 8,01104972 6,809392 -

Total
57.752,7267 150,9722 57.601,7545
57.752,7267 57.752,7267



Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman




Perhitungan Neraca Massa
Nama Alat Deodorizer Kode
Fungsi
Memisahkan Asam Lemak Bebas menjadi
Palm Fatty Acid
T-106
Asumsi : 100% Aldehid + Psopatida Teruapkan
100% Air tersisihkan
75% ALB
Deodorizer Tank
F10
Trigliserida
FFA
H2O
I mpuritis
F14 = ?
Trigliserida = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
I mpuritis = ?
F12
PFAD
I mpuritis
H2O

Neraca Massa Total :
F10 = F12 + F11
57577,32719 kg/jam = F12 + F11

Neraca Massa Komponen :
Trigliserida : F10X10 Trigliserida = F11X111 Trigliserida
55.438,53591 kg/jam = F11X141Trigliserida

FFA : F10X10FFA = F12X12FFA + 75% F11X11FFA
2.014,27256 kg/jam =F12X12 FFA + (75% x 2.014,27256)
2.014,27256 kg/jam 1510,70442 kg/jam = F12X12FFA
503,56814kg/jam = F12X12FFA
H2O : F10X10H2O= F12X12H2O + 100% F11X11H2O
116,252302 kg/jam = F12X12H2O + (100% x 116,252302)
116,252302 kg/jam 116,252302 /jam = F12X12H2O
0 kg/jam = F12X12H2O

Fospatida : F10X10 Fospatida = F12X12 Fospatida + 100%F11X11 Fospatida
(0,002940% x 57.608,19521) = F12X12 Fospatida + (100% x 1,694129834)
0 kg/jam = F12X12 Fospatida



Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman


Karoten : F10X10 Karoten = F12X12Karoten
(0,003896104% x 57.608,19521) = F12X12 Karoten
1,79528925 kg/jam = F7X7 Karoten

Aldehid : F10X10 Aldehid = F12X12 Aldehid + 100 % F11X11 Aldehid
(0,008291708% x 57.608,19521) = F12X12 Aldehid + (100% x 4,776703499) F7X7
0 kg/jam = F12X12Aldehid

Mencari F11 dan F12
F11 = F11X11FFA + F11X11H2O + F11`X11 Posfatida+ F11`X11 Aldehid
= 1510.70442 kg/jam + 116,252302+1,694129834 +4,775703499
= 1633,427555 kg/jam

F12 = F10 F11
= 57577,32719 kg/jam - 1633,427555 kg/jam
= 55943,8996 kg/jam

Komposisi Aliran F11 :
F11X11PFAD = 1510.70442 kg/jam
X11PFAD =


= 0,924867721

F11X11H2O = 116,252302 kg/jam
X11H2O =


= 0,071170773

F11X11 Posfatida = 1,694129834 kg/jam
X11 Posfatida =


= 0,001037163

F11X11 Aldehid = 4,776703499 kg/jam
X11 Aldehid =


= 0,002924344

Komposisi Aliran F12 :
F12X12Trigliserida =55438.5359 kg/jam
X14 Trigliserida =

= 0,990966

F12X12FFA = 503.56814 kg/jam
X12FFA =


= 0,00900131




Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

F12X12 Aldehid = 1,79554892 kg/jam
X12 Aldehid =


= 3,2096 x 10
-5



Tabel 5. Neraca massa pada deodorizer tank
No Komponen Input (kg/jam) Output (kg/jam)
F10 F12 F14
1 Trigliserida 55.438,53591 - 55.438,536
2 FFA 2.014,27256 - 503,56814
3 PFAD - 1.510,70442 -
4 H2O 116,252302 87,18922652 29,063076
5 Impuritis 32.69372007 24,52029006 8,17343
Total
57.601,75449 1.622,413936 55.979,341
57.601,75449 57.601,75449


















Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman





Perhitungan Neraca Massa
Nama Alat Polishing Filter Kode
Fungsi Memurnikan RBDPO F-103
Asumsi efisiensi alat 75%
Polishing Filter
F14
Trigliserida
FFA
H2O
I mpuritis
F18 = ?
Trigliserida = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
I mpuritis = ?
F17
I mpuritis

Neraca Massa Total :
F16 = F17 + F18
55.943,8996 kg/jam = F17 + F18

Neraca Massa Komponen :
Trigliserida : F16X16 Trigliserida = F18X18 Trigliserida
55.438,53591kg/jam = F18X18 Trigliserida

FFA : F14X14FFA = F18X18FFA
503,56814 kg/jam = F18X18FFA

Karoten : F16X16 Karoten = F17X17 Karoten
1,795548925kg /jam = 100% F17X17impuritis + F18X18impuritis
1,795548925 kg/jam - 1,795548925 kg/jam = F18X18 impuritis
0 kg/jam = F18X18impuritis

Mencari F17 dan F18
F17 = F17X17 Karoten
= 1,795548925 kg/jam

F18 = F16 F17



Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

= 55.943,8996 kg/jam 1,795548925 kg/jam
= 55.943,8996 kg/jam

Komposisi Aliran F17 :
F17X17 Karoten = 1,795548925 kg/jam
X17impuritis =


= 1,000

Komposisi Aliran F18 :
F18X18Trigliserida =55.438.5359 kg/jam
X18 Trigliserida =


= 0,9909984

F18X18FFA = 503.56814 kg/jam
X18FFA =


= 0,0090016

Tabel 6. Neraca masaa pada polishing filter
No Komponen Input (kg/jam) Output (kg/jam)
F14 F17 F18
1 Trigliserida 55438.5359 - 55438.53591
2 FFA 503.56814 - 503.56814
3 H2O 29.0630755 - 29.06307551
4 Impuritis 8.17343002 6.130073 2.043357505
Total
55979.3406 6.130073 55973.21048
55979.3406 55979.3406




















Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman











Crystalizer
F18
Trigliserida
FFA
H2O
I mpuritis
F21
Trigliserida = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
I mpuritis = ?

Asumsi : Trigliserida terpisah menjadi fase olein dan stearin
Olein : 75,81%
Stearim : 24,19% (BPS, 2004)
Neraca Massa Total :
F18= F21
55.942,10402 kg/jam = F21

Neraca Massa Komponen :
Trigliserida : F18X18Trigliserida = F21X21 Trigliserida
55.438.53591 kg/jam = F21X21 Trigliserida

FFA : F8X18FFA = F21X21FFA
503.56814 kg/jam = F21X21FFA

Olein : 75,81% F18X18 Olein = F21X21Olein
42.028,7958 = F21X21Olein

Stearin : 24,19% F18X18 F18X18 Olein = F21X21Olein
1.3409,7401 F18X18 Olein = F21X21Olein

PerhitunganNeraca Massa
Nama Alat Crystalizer Kode
Fungsi
Mendinginkancampuranoleindan stearin agar
terbentukslurry
T-107



Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

Tabel 7. Neraca masa Crystalizer
No
Komponen
Input (kg/jam) Output (kg/jam)
F18 F21
1 Trigliserida 55.438,53591 55.438,53591
2
FFA 503,56814 503,56814
3
Impuritis 29,06307551 29,06307551
4
H2O 2,043357505 2,043357505
Total
55.973,21048 55.973,21048






















Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman






Perhitungan Neraca Massa
Nama Alat Membran Filter Kode
Fungsi
Memisahkan fraksi padat (stearin) dengan
fraksi cair (olein)
F-104
Asumsi : Konversi olein 75% dariumpancrystalizer (Yusoff, 2000)
Asumsi Kadar FFAdan H2O 0,1 % yang disesuaikandenganspesifikasiproduk (BSN,
2006)
Membran Filter
F21
Trigliserida
FFA
H2O
I mpuritis
F22
Olein = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
F23
Stearin = ?
FFA = ?
H2O = ?
I mpuritis = ?

Neraca Massa Total :
F21 = F22+F23
55.942,10405 kg/jam = F22 +F23
Neraca Massa Komponen :
FFA : F21X21 FFA = 503,56814 kg/jam

Olein : 75,81% F21X21 Olein = F22X22Olein
42.028,7958 = F21X21Olein

Stearin : 24,19% F21X21Stearin = F23X23Olein
1.3409,7401 F21X21 Olein = F23X23Olein

Mencari F22 dan F23
F22 = F22X22Olein
= 42.028,7958 kg/jam



Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman


F23 = F21 F22
= 55.942,10405 42.028,7958 kg/jam
= 13.913,30824 kg/jam

Komposisi Aliran F22 :
F22X22Olein = 42.028,7958 kg/jam
X22Olein =


= 1,000
Komposisi Aliran F23 :
F23X23 Stearin = 13.409,7401 kg/jam
X23 Stearin =


= 0,963807

F23X23 FFA = 503,1904639 kg/jam
X23FFA


= 0,03619

Tabel 8. Neraca massa pada membrane filter
No
Komponen
Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
F21 F22 F23
1 Trigliserida 55438.53591 - -
2
FFA
503.56814 0.377676105 503.1904639
3
Impuritis
2.043357505
-
2.043357505
4
H2O
29.06307551 0.021797307 29.0412782
5
Olein -
41495.74413
-
6
Stearin - -
13942.79178

Total
55973.21048 41496.1436 14477.06688
55973.21048 55973.21048





Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

Neraca Massa Overall



overall
F2
F3
F6
F8
F10
F13
F15
F21
F22
CPO
Trigliserida 94%
FFA 5%
H
2
O 0.5%
I mpuritis 0.5%
H3PO4
H
3
PO
4
85%
H
2
O 15%
Bleaching Earth
Simnit 98.15%
H
2
O 1.85%
Niagara Waste
Gum 15.6%
Simnit 84.4%
Polishing 1 waste
Gum 15.6%
Simnit 84.4%
PFAD
FFA 85.53%
H
2
O 9.28%
I mpuritis 5.19%
Polishing 2 waste
I mpuritis 100%
Palm Stearin
Stearin 94.71%
FFA 4.94%
H
2
O 0.27%
I mpuritis 0.08%
Palm Olein
Olein 99.8%
FFA 0.1%
H
2
O 0.1%











Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman



Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

Komponen
Masuk Keluar
F2 F3 F6 F8 F10 F13 F15 F21 F22
kg/jam kg/jam kg/jam kg/jam kg/jam kg/jam kg/jam kg/jam kg/jam
Trigliserida 54737.6122 - - - - - - - -
FFA 2911.5751 - - - - 2183.6813 - 686.2271 41.6667
Impuritis 291.1575 - - - - 132.4417 33.1104 11.0368 -
H2O 291.1575 8.7347 16.1592 - - 237.0386 - 37.3462 41.6667
H3PO4 - 49.4968 - - - - - - -
Olein - - - - - - - - 41583.33338
Stearin - - - - - - - 13154.2788 -
Gum - - - 138.5910 20.7886 - - - -
Simnit - - 857.3133 749.5643 112.4347 - - - -
Jumlah 58231.5023 58.2315 873.4725 888.1553 133.2233 2553.1617 33.1104 13888.8889 41666.6667
Total 59163.2063 59163.2063

Pra-Rancangan Pabrik RBD Palm Olein Kelompok 7/S. Ganjil/2014-2015
By Checked Approved
Adi Maulana Putra
Jatikta Yuni Harti
Wyda N Saragi
Muhammad Rahman

DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Badan Standarisasi Nasional (BSN), 2006, Standar Mutu Minyak Kelapa Sawit
Mentah, BSN, Jakarta
Badan Standarisasi Nasional (BSN), 2006, Standar Mutu Minyak Goreng, BSN,
Jakarta
Gunstone, F.D.,1987, Palm Oil, John Wiley and Sons, Inc, New York.
NasutionEZ Manfaat Beberapa Bleaching Earth Terhadap Warna CPO
Jurnal Sains Kimia, Vol.7, No.2, 2003: 31-35.
Yusoff, M. S. A., 2000. Refining and Modification of Palm and Palm Kernel Oil,
didalam : Basiron, Yusof., B. S, Jailani., K. W, Chan, Advances in Oil Palm
Research Vol II, Malaysian Palm Oil Board Ministry of Primary Industries,
Malaysia