COMMUNICATION FUNDAMENTALS

COMMUNICATION IS THE PROCESS OF INFORMATION AND

UNDERSTANDING FROM ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER.

IT IS A WAY OF REACHING OTHERS BY TRANSMITTIMG IDEAS,
THOUGHTS, FEELINGS, FACTS AND VALUES.

IT PROVIDES A BRIDGE OF MEANING BETWEEN TWO PEOPLE
SO THAT THEY CAN EACH SHARE WHAT THEY FEEL AND
KNOW.

IT INVOLVES ATLEAST TWO PEOPLE- A SENDER AND A
RECEIVER.

IT IS WHAT THE RECEIVER UNDERSTANDS, NOT WHAT THE
SENDER SAYS.
ORGANIZATIONS CANNOT EXIST WITHOUT COMMUNICATION.

EMPLOYEES CANNOT KNOW WHAT THEIR CO-WORKERS ARE
DOING, MANAGEMENT CANNOT RECEIVE INFORMATION ON
INPUTS AND SUPERVISORS CANNOT GIVE INSTRUCTIONS.

COMMUNICATION HELPS ACCOMPLISH ALL BASIC
MANAGEMENTS FUNCTION- PLANNING, ORGANIZING,
LEADING AND CONTROLLING AN ORGANIZATION.

OPEN COMMUNICATION ITS A TERM USED TO DESCRIBE
THAT ANYONE ON EQUAL CONDITIONS WITH A TRANSPARENT
RELATION BETWEEN COST AND PRICING CAN GET ACCESS TO
AND SHARE COMMUNICATION RESOURCES ON ONE LEVEL TO
PROVIDE VALUE ADDED SERVICES ON ANOTHER LEVER IN A
LAYERED COMMUNICATION SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE.
THE TWO WAY COMMUNICATION PROCESS IS THE METHOD
BY WHICH A SENDER REACHES A RECEIVER WITH A
MESSAGE.

THE PROCESS ALWAYS REQUIRES EIGHT STEPS

1. DEVELOP AN IDEA
2. ENCODE
3. TRANSMIT
4. RECEIVE
5. DECODE
6. ACCEPT
7. USE
8. PROVIDE FEEDBACK

THERE ARE DIFFICULTIES IN TWO WAY COMMUNICATION
DIFFENSIVE REASONING AND COGNITIVE DISSONANCE.

DEFENSIVE REASONING IS DESIGNED TO AVOID RISK AND
THE APPEARANCE OF INCOMPETANCE BUT IT TYPICALLY
RESULTS TOWARDS CONTROL AND WINNING.

COGNITIVE DISSONANCE: THIS IS THE INTERNAL CONFLICt
AND ANXIETY THAT OCCURS WHEN PEOPLE PERCEIVE
INFORMATION INCOMPATIBLE WHEN VALUE SYSTEM
PRIOR DECISION OR OTHER INFORMATION THEY MAY
HAVE.

SINCE PEOPLE DO NOT FEEL COMFORTABLE WITH
DISSONANCE THEY TRY TO REMOVE IT

BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION
1. NOISE IS ONE OF THE MAIN BARRIES TO
COMMUNICATION.

TYPES OF BARRIERS
1. PERSONAL BARRIERS
2. PHYSICAL BARRIERS
3. SEMANTIC BARRIERS



PERSONAL BARREIRS ARE COMMUNICATION INTERFERENCES
THAT ARISE FROM HUMAN EMOTIONS, VALUES AND PRIOR
LISTENING HABITS.

PHYCHOLOGICAL DISTANCE A FEELING OF BEEING
EMOTIONALLY SEPARATED BETWEEN PEOPLE THAT IS
SIMILAR TO ACTUAL PHYSICAL DISTANCE.

PHISICAL BARRIRES ARE COMMUNICATION INTERFERENCE
THAT OCCURE IN THE ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH THE
COMMUNICATION TAKES PLACE

THE STUDY OF SPATIAL SEPARATION IS CALLED PROXEMICS

SEMANTIC BARRIERS ARISE FROM LIMITATIONS IN THE
SYMBOLS WITH WHICH WE COMMUNICATE
1. JORGON


WORDS

PICTURES

ACTION
WORDS ARE THE MAIN COMMUNICATION SYMBOLS USED IN
THE JOB.

CONTEXT PROVIDES MEANING TO WORDS PARTAILLY
THROUGH THE CUES PEOPLE RECEIVE FROM THEIR SOCIAL
ENVIRONMENT, SUCH AS FRIENDS AND CO WORKERS.

SOCIAL CUES ARE POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE BITS OF
INFORMATIONS THAT INFLUENCE HOW PEOPLE REACT TO A
COMMUNICATION.

READABILITY IS THE PROCESS OF MAKING WRITING AND
SPEECH MORE UNDERSTANDABLE (i.e) BY USING SIMPLE
WORDS, PERSONAL PRONOUNS, ILLUSTRATIONS, CHARTS,
SHORT SENTENCES, ACTIVE VERBS, NECESSARY WORDS etc.
A SECOND TYPE OF SYMBOL IS THE PICTURE, WHICH IS
USED TO CLARIFY WORD COMMUNICATION.

PICTURES SUCH AS BLUEPRINTS, PROGRESS CHARTS,
FISHBONE DIAGRAMS, CAUSAL MAPS, VISUAL AIDS IN
TRAINING PROGRAMS, SCALE MODEL OF PROGRAMS ETC
ARE USED IN FOR COMMUNICATION PURPOSE.

PICTURES CAN PROVIDE POWERFUL VISUAL IMAGES AS
SUGGESTED BY THE PROVERB A PICTURE IS WORTH A
THOUSAND WORDS

A THIRD TYPE OF COMMUNICATION SYMBOL IN ACTION ALSO KNOWN
AS NON- VERBAL COMMUNICATION.

FAILURE TO ACT IS AN IMPORTANT WAY OF COMMUNICATING.

ACTIONS SPEAK LOUDER THAN WORDS.

WHEN THERE IS A DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WHAT SOMEONE SAYS AND
DOES, A CREDIBILITY GAP EXISTS.

COMMUNICATION CREDIBILITY IS BASED ON THREE FACTORS.
1. TRUSTWORTHINESS
2. EXPERTISE
3. DYNAMISM

BODY LANGUAGE PROVIDES MEANING.




AAMIRA PAEVEEN (TEAM LEADER)
MARIAM NABEELA
BENAZIR FATHIMA
FARNAZ SABA
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