Tessa Smith, Meghan Brady, Jennifer Myer

Lack of sleep could affect energy balance and result

in weight gain (Cauter et al. Ann Intern Med. 2004).
Higher total energy intake and macronutrient intake
was found in people sleeping between 5-6 hours per
night (Grandner et al. Appetite. 2013).
Lower amount of sleep was associated with an
increase in fat intake and decreased intake of
carbohydrates. (Shi Z, McEvoy. Obesity. 2008, Weiss
et al. Sleep. 2013).

What effect does sleep duration have on the
subsequent caloric and macronutrient intake
of Messiah College students diets?

Messiah College students that sleep less than 7
hours a night will have an increased caloric
intake compared to students that obtain 7 or
more hours of sleep.

Students who sleep less than 7 hours per night
will have higher proportions of fat and
carbohydrates in their diet compared to students
who sleep 7 or more hours per night.

16 Messiah College Students
o n=3 men, n=13 women

Mean age: 19.56 (+1.75) years



Recruitment:
o Email, flyers, and word of mouth
Inclusion Criteria: Read/write in English
Exclusion Criteria:
o Diagnosed sleep disorder
o Medical condition (celiac, diabetes) which affects
diet


Observational study

Education Sessions:
o Recording food, sleep, & activity
o Collected age, height, & weight

Food Processor SQL version 10.12
o Food data analysis

Minitab Statistical Software
o 2-way multivariate ANOVA
Several multivariate 2-way ANOVAS
%recommended, %carbs, %fat, %protein against
sleep
Intractable
%recommended, %carbs, %protein against sleep
Insignificant
p value = 0.110
%carbs, %fat against sleep
p value = 0.07


Increased consumption of fat and decreased
consumption of carbohydrates (Weiss et al.
Sleep 2010, Shi et al. Obesity 2008).
Increased caloric intake and increased
consumption of carbohydrates, protein, and
fat in short sleepers compared to long
sleepers (Grandner et al. Appetite 2013).
No significant differences in consumption of
calories and/or distribution of macronutrients
between sleep groups (Baron et al. Obesity
2011).
Sleep duration not found to affect subsequent
intake
o Low subject number
o Forgetting to record
o Inaccurate estimation of portion sizes
Potential for significance
o Larger subject group needed
o % of calories from carbohydrate & % of calories from
fat

Future research
o College & other populations
o Subsequent and long term consumption
How can this be applied in the
clinical/patient setting?
What we learned
Working with human subjects can be difficult
Timeline for research is unpredictable
Attention to detail
Dont recreate the wheel
Baron K. Reid K. Kern A. Zee P. Role of sleep timing in caloric
intake and BMI. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) [serial online]. July
2011;19(7):1374-1381. Available from: MEDLINE with Full Text,
Ipswich, MA. Accessed November 12, 2013.
Cauter EV, Knutson KL. Sleep and the epidemic of obesity in
children and adults. Eur. J Endocrinol. 2008; 159: S59-S66. Doi:
10.1530/EJE-08-0298.
Grandner M A. Gerstner J R. Jackson N. Knutson K L. Dietary
nutrients associated with short and long sleep duration. Data
from a nationally representative sample. Appetite. 2013.
Shi Z. McEnvoy M. Luu J. Attia J. Dietary fat and sleep duration in
Chinese man and women. Obesity. 32, 1835-1840. 2008.
Weiss A. Xu F. Storfer-Isser A. Thomas A. Ievers-Landis C. E. &
Redline S. (2010). The association of sleep duration with
adolescents fat and carbohydrate consumption. Sleep, 33,
12011209.