4)

Question 4:

The energy of the balloon decreases when it expands, because the charges spread further
apart. Some energy goes to friction, while some goes to the potential energy stored in the
elasticity of the balloon (which would contract if the charges were removed).

Question 7:

A capacitor has no net charge, only a positive charge on one plate, and an equal but
negative charge on the other plate. A capacitor is said to be charged when there is a
difference in charge on the plates.

Question 10:

The work required to move a charge Q against potential difference V is not QV; because
the work done isn’t constant, you need to integrate the equation dW = dQ/(C). This
means that W = Q2/(2C), which means that when you factor in the formula C = Q/V, W =
U = (½)CV2.

Question 13:

The closer two capacitor plates get the less voltage needed to dielectric breakdown for the
medium, resulting in a failure to capacitate anything. This means that there is a limit to
how close two capacitor plates can be together and still be able to capacitate anything.