Application of analytical, semi analytical and

approximate techniques for the solution of some

typical conduction problems

under guidance of
prof P. K. Das


Manoj Kumar Moharana
M.Tech [ 04 ME 6210 ]
Thermal Energy and Environmental Engineering
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology
Kharagpur

Problems

SHAPED
TUBES

ECCENTRIC
TUBE
Methods

BOUNDARY
COLLOCATION
METHOD


SECTOR
METHOD

Problem no-1
shaped tubes

SHAPED TUBES
CIRCULAR OVAL LENTICULAR TEARDROP

ONE DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
BY ZHIHUA ET AL.
ASME J. Heat Transfer, 2004, 126, pp. 211- 218
ONE
DIMENSIONAL
ENERGY
BALANCE
IN RADIAL
DIRECTION
NUMERICALLY USING
UPWIND DIFFERENTIAL
METHOD
SHAPED
TUBE
EFFICIENCY

SOLUTION OF
ENERGY BALANCE DIFFERENTIAL
EQUATION
Tube Shape Factor
b

Method-1
BOUNDARY COLLOCATION METHOD
GOVERNING EQUATION
2 D LAPLACE EQUATION

Kolodziej et al.
Intl. Jl. Heat and Mass Transfer, 44 (2001) 999-1012
BOUNDARY CONDITION
TEMPERATURE GRADIENT IS ZERO
ISOTHERMAL
CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER
GENERAL SOLUTION OF LAPLACE
EQUATION
VALUE OF CONSTANTS
C=D=C
K
=D
K
=0

K
=2K

Y1=B, Y2=A1, Y3=A2 and so on

=
= =

N
jk k j
k 1
G Y F , j 1,2,3......N
= +
j1
cp
1 R
G Biln
E
R
k 2 >
2(k 1) 2(k 1)
4(k 1)
cp
jk
2(k 1) 2(k 1)
4(k 1)
cp
2(k 1)
(R E R )
R
G cos[2(k 1) ]
Bi(R E R )

(
+
(
= u
(
(
+


TEMPERATURE PROFILE

APPROXIMATE TECHNIQUE

ONE DIMENSIONAL
SECTOR METHOD
Method-2
SECTOR METHOD

GOVERNING EQUATION
ONE DIMENSIONAL STEADY STATE HEAT
CONDUCTION EQUATION


BOUNDARY CONDITION

ISOTHERMAL AT INNER SURFACE
CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER AT OUTER SURFACE

TEMPERATURE PROFILE
RESULTS
Effect of Biot Number on Temperature
Distribution

0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
OVAL SHAPED TUBE

b
=0.5
Bi=1.0
Bi=0.1
O

1D (Zhihua et al.)
1D Sector Method
2D BC Method
(OVAL SHAPED TUBE)
Effect of Biot Number on Temperature
Distribution
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
Bi=1.0
Bi=0.1

b
=0.5
LENTICULAR SHAPED TUBE
O

2D BC Method
1D Sector Method
Zhihua et al.
(LENTICULAR SHAPED TUBE)
VARIATION OF TEMPERATURE IN
ANGULAR DIRECTION
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.99
1.00

b
=0.5, Bi=1.0 (OVAL SHAPED TUBE)
=0.86036
=0.7559
=0.66822
=0.60187
=0.5547
=0.52349
=0.50575
=0.5
O
angle (u)
2D BC Method
1D Sector Method
(OVAL SHAPED TUBE)
VARIATION OF TEMPERATURE IN
RADIAL DIRECTION

(OVAL SHAPED TUBE)
Effect of tube shape factor and Biot Number
on shaped tube efficiency

0 1 2 3 4 5
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0

b
=1 (All CASES)

b
=0.05

b
=0.3

b
=0.5

b
=0.8
_
Bi
2D BC Method
1D Sector Method
1D (Zhihua et al.)
(OVAL SHAPED TUBE)
Effect of tube shape factor and Biot Number
on shaped tube efficiency

0 1 2 3 4 5
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0

b
=1.0 (For All Methods)

b
=0.05

b
=0.3

b
=0.5

b
=0.8
_
Bi
2D BC Method
1D Sector Method
1D (Zhihua et al.)
(LENTICULAR SHAPED TUBE)
PROBLEM-2
ECCENTRIC TUBE

CASE-1
ISOTHERMAL INNER AND OUTER
SURFACE

CONDUCTION SHAPE FACTOR

RESULT
r
i
=0.016 m k
t
=380 W/m
0
C T
i
=150
0
C T
o
=80
0
C
e/r
i
r
o

in m
r
i
/r
o
CONDUCTION SHAPE FACTOR
1D Sector 2D BC formula
0.25 0.048 0.33 5.75416 5.760366 5.7603
0.040 0.40 6.93722 6.948222 6.9482
0.032 0.50 9.32723 9.350804 9.3508
0.50 0.048 0.33 5.86463 5.890123 5.8901
0.040 0.40 7.20085 7.246919 7.2469
0.032 0.50 10.3127 10.41665 10.416
0.75 0.048 0.33 6.06990 6.130081 6.1300
0.040 0.40 7.74058 7.853263 7.8532
0.032 0.50 13.2683 13.55461 13.554
CASE-2
ISOTHERMAL INNER SURFACE
CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER FROM OUTER
SURFACE

Effect of Biot Number on Heat
Transfer

0 1 2 3 4 5
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
100000
110000
120000
130000
140000
2D BC Method
1D Sector Method
r
o
=0.032 m
r
o
=0.040 m
r
o
=0.048 m
Q
Bi
e/r
i
=0.25
e/r
i
=0.50
e/r
i
=0.75
FUTURE SCOPE OF WORK

CRITICAL THICKNESS OF
INSULATION
FOR ECCENTRIC TUBE

CHECK APPLICABILITY
FOR

VARIABLE CONDUCTIVITY

AND

NONLINEAR BOUNDARY
CONDITION

TUBE WITH LONGITUDINAL FINS

REFERENCES

1. Kern, D. Q., Kraus, A. D., 1972, Extended surface heat transfer,
McGraw-Hill Book Company.
2. Ruth, E. K., Experiments on a cross flow heat exchanger with tubes of
lenticular shape, Trans ASME Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol.105, 1983,
pp.571-575.
3. Zhihua, L., Davidson, J. H., Mantell, S. C., Heat Transfer Enhancement
using Shaped Polymer Tubes: Fin Analysis, ASME J. Heat Transfer, Vol.
126, 2004, pp. 211-218.
4. Kolodziej, J. A., Review of application of boundary collocation methods
in mechanics of continuous media, Solid Mech. Arch., Vol. 12, 1987, pp.
187-231.
5. Kolodziej, J. A., Strek, T., Analytical approximations of the shape factors
for conductive heat flow in circular and regular polygonal cross-sections,
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 44, 2001, pp. 999-
1012.
6. http://home.att.net/~numericana/answer/ellipse.htm
7. Incropera, F. P., DeWitt. D. P., Fundamentals of Heat and Mass
Transfer, fourth edition, John Wiley & Sons, USA.
THANK YOU