Applied Rheology in Polymer

Processing
Classification of materials on the basis of rheological behaviour
Elastic
Materials
Hookean solids
Non-Hookean solids
Viscous
Visco - Elastic
Newtonian Fluids
Non-Newtonian fluids
Linear Viscoelastic
Non-linear Viscoelastic
Linear Viscoelastic:
Basic properties
(static and dynamic
moduli, creep
compliances)
independent of input
function
Basic
property:
Modulus is
constant for
Hookean
solids
Basic
property:
Viscosity is
constant for
Newtonian
fluids
Shear stress Vs shear rate for different types of fluids
Fluid Example
Bingham Plastic Sewage sludge,
tooth paste
Newtonian fluid Gases, most of the
liquids
Dilatent fluid Quick sand, sand
filled emulsions
Pseudoplastic Rubber latex,
enamels, paints
Problem
The following shear stress- strain data was obtained from an Instron....
Relationship between the rheological parameters
The mathematical relationship
between stress, strain and the rate of
strain is known as constitutive
equation of a body or the rheological
equation os state. A mathematical
function of the form
f (, , ) = o
represents a general function
between different rheological
parameters.
The science of rheology has
developed from two different
directions
i) Theoretical analysis of
response of the system to
applied stimuli
ii) Analysis of experimental
data to develop the
empirical correlations.
The theoretical analysis involves the
relationships between stress, strain and
rate of strain tensors resulting in highly
complex generalized equations and only
their simplified forms find the practical
applications.
However, these equations give better
insight into the combined effects of
different types of stresses and the
corresponding response.
The experimental approach on the other hand
results in simple applicable equations
containing few material parameters or
constants.