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= sen
2
(x-y+1) 2) 2(x
2
y+
Z=x-y+1
= 2xy+
x
2
= sen
2
z
(z+
)
- sen
2
z -2z-
= x
-2z
-
=0
=0
-sec
2
zdz=0 ln(x
2
(z+
))=lnc
2
x-tgz=c x
2
(x
2
y+
)= c
2
x-tg(x-y+1)=c
3) y
dx+(y
2
-2x
)dy=0 4) (x
2
y
2
+1)dx+2x
2
dy=0
z=
y
2
=
z=xy
=y+
-z
2z(
)=
dx(z
2
-2z+1)=-2xdz
+2
dz=0 ln(x)-
=c
Y=c
x=c
5) (x
2
y
2
+y+x-2)dx+(x
3
y
2
+x)dy=0
Z= x
2
y
2
+1 xy=
)
Yz+x-2=
)
-2xy(x-2)=
(x-2) dx+
=0
x
2
-4x+2xy=c
II) RESOLVER LAS SIGUIENTES ECUACIONES HOMOGENEAS
1) Ydx=(x+
)dy
Y=vx
dy= vdx+xdv
vxdx=x(1+
) (vdx+xdv)
0=v
dx+ x(1+
)dv
0=
t
2
=v
2
-1 c=lnx+lnv
=dv y=c
2) X
2
y=3(x
2
+y
2
)arctg(y/x)+xy 3) *
+dx+x
dy=0
Y=vx Y=vx dy= vdx+xdv
dy= vdx+xdv [
]dx+x
(vdx+xdv)=0
x
2
dy=(3(x
2
+y
2
)arctg(y/x)+xy)dx (1+
)dx+x
dv=0
vdx+xdv=3(1+v
2
)arctgvdx+vdx lnx+ln(1+
)=lnc
lnc=lnx-1/3ln(arctg(y/x)) x(1+
)=c
c=xarctg
-1/3
y/x
4)
5) (x
3
+y
2
)dx+x
dy=0
Y=vx dy= vdx+xdv Y=vx dy= vdx+xdv
x
3
(1+ v
2
)dx- x
3
(vdx+xdv)=0
(V-1)dx+x(v
2
-v+1)dv =0
dv=0
Lnx+
=c lnx
2
- ln(v+
=c+ v
(y-x)=c
=c
III) RESOLVER LAS SIGUIENTES ECUACIONES REDUCTIBLES A HOMOGENEAS
1)
==
W=y-1 w=vx
=0
dw=dy dw=vdx+xdv lnx-1/2ln(
-arctgv=c
+c=arctg
2) (x+y-4)dx-(3x-y-4)dy=0 3) x
2
(1-xy)
+ (1+xy-x
2
y
2
)=0
x+y-4=0 p
o
(2,2) z=xy dz=xdy+ydx
-3x+y+4=0 x=z+2 dx=dz
-dy)=
Y=w+2 dy=dw x(1-z) (
-dy)+(1+z-z
2
)=0
(z+w)dz-(3z-w)dw=0 (1-z)dz+
=0
W=vz dw=vdz+zdv lnx-
(z-1)
2
=c
(1+v)dz-(3-v)( vdz+zdv)=0 2lnx+2xy-x
2
y
2
=c
=0
Lnz+ 1/2ln(v-1)
2
+
=c
y-x=c
4)
5) (3tgx-2cosy)sec
2
xdx+ (tgxseny)dy=0
dy=y 2y
4
+3x
6
+x
3
y
2
=0 u=tg
2
xcosy
dx = x y=vx
n
n=3/2 du=2tgxsec
2
xcosydx-senytg
2
xdy
y=v
+ senytgxdy=2sec
2
xcosydx
dy=
vdx+
dv 3 tg
2
xsec
2
dx-du=0
- =
=o tg
3
x-tg
2
xcosy=c
C=arctg
ln(x
3
y
4
+x
6
)
IV) RESOLVER LAS ECUACIONES EXACTAS CORRESPONDIENTES
1) (2X+
)dx=
dy
(2X+
)dx-
dy=0 u=
dy + f(x)
u=
+ f(x)
+ f(x) = 2X+
f(x)= x
2
+c x
2
-y
2
+x
3
y=cxy
2)
(dy+2xydx)=3x
2
dx
(2xy
-3x
2
)dx +
dy=0 u=
dy + f(x)
=2x
u=y
+ f(x)
=2x
= 2xy
+ f(x) = 2xy
-3x
2
-3
f(x)= -x
3
+c y
-x
3
=c
3) dx =
u=
+ f(x)
(
-1)dx+
u=1/2ln
+f(x)
+ f(x) =
-1
=
f(x)= -x+c
=
=c
4) (
+ lny)dx+(
+ lnx)dy=0
u=
+ f(x)
u=xlny+ylnx+f(x)
= lny+
+ f(x)= lny+
f(x)=c xlny+ylnx=c
5) (y
+xy
- 2x
+ xy
u=
+ f(x)
u=
-3y+f(x)
=y
+f(x)=y
f(x)= x
2
+c
-3y+x
2
=c
V)APLICANDO ALGUN FACTOR INTEGRANTE RESOLVER:
1)
(x+1)dx+(
y-x
)dy=0
(x+1)dx + (y-x
)dy=0
=0
=-
-x
=-(x+1)
=-(x+1)
)=f(y) u=
+ f(x)
-
=f(y)
F(y)=-1
+x
+f(x)=
(x+1)
v=
V=
f(x)=c
1/2y
2
+xe
x-y
=c
2) (x
4
lnx-2xy
3
)dx+3x
2
y
2
dy=0
=-6xy
2
)=f(x) v=
=6xy
2
(-12xy
2
)=f(x) v=x
-4
=f(x)
(lnx-2
y
3
)dx+3x
-2
y
2
dy=0
=-6x
-3
y
2
=-6x
-3
y
2
u=
+ f(x)
u=
+ f(x)
+ f(x)= lnx-2
y
3
f(x)= xlnx-x
x
3
lnx- x
3
+y
3
=cx
2
3) (3x
2
y+2xy+y
3
)dx+(x
2
+y
2
)dy=0
4) (1+xy)dx+ x(
+x)dy=0
=x
+2x
)=f(x)
- x)=f(x)
=f(x)
v=
v=x
-1
(x
-1
+y)dx+(
+x)dy=0
=1 u=
+ f(x)
U=lny+xy+f(x)
= x
-1
+y
lny+xy+lnx=c
f(x)=lnx+c xy
5) (
-2
senx)dx+
dy=0
VI) RESOLVER LAS ECUACIONES LINEALES
1)
+y) =1+2x
v=
P=
Q=
v=x
1/2
y x
1/2
=
y x
1/2
=
+c
y=
2) (y-x+xyctgx)dx+xdy=0
-1+yctgx)dx+dy=0 v=
v=xsenx
+y(
+ctgx)=1 xysenx=
P=
v=
v=(
)
-1/2
y tg =
1 sec=y
sectgd=dy
+
=-csc
=
(ln(y+
)+c)-y
4)
=dx
-y(x+1)= (x+2)
2
P=-(x+1) Q=(x+2)
2
v=
v=
Y(
)
Y=
+
Y=-(x+3)+c
5) (1+senx)
+ (2cosx)y=tgx
y=
P=
Q=
v=
v= (
y(
y(1+senx)
2
= +
y=
VII) RESOLVER LAS ECUACIONES DE BERNOULLI:
1)
+u(
)=
x=
v=
v=tgy
)=
tgy=
u= -
tgy=
(ln(tgy)+c)
2) (xy
2
+xsen
2
x-sen2x)dx-2ydy=0
y
xy
2
=
u=y
2
=y
reemplazando:
v=
v=
y
2
(xsen
2
x-sen2x)dx
y
2
=
]
y
2
=-sen
2
x+c
3) Ye
y
=(y
3
+2xe
y
)y
v=
v=y
-2
x y
-2
=
x= y
2
(c-e
-y
)
4)
-uctgx=-secx
+y
v=
v=cscx
y
-2
+ y
-1
y
-1
cscx =-
u=y
-1
(csenx-senxln(tgx))
-1
=y
=y
-2
5) 3y+
3y
2
y
3
=
U=y
3
1/3
=y
2
u=
v=
v=
Y
3
y
3
=
y
3
=x
2
+
VIII) RESOLVER LAS ECUACIONES DIFERENCIALES DE RICATTI:
1)
=Y
2
-
+1-
+ tgx
Y= (X)+z
+sec
2
x+
Reemplazando:
+sec
2
x+
=(
+tgx+z)
2
-
+tgx+z)+1-
-2ztgx=z
2
u= z
-1
=z
-2
z
-2
-2z
-1
tgx=1
+2utgx=-1
v=
v=sec
2
x
+tgx=c
2) X
3
y=x
2
y+y
2
-x
2
una solucin es (X)= x
Y= (X)+z
=1+
X
3
(1+
(x+z)+(x+z)
2
-x
2
z
-2
u=z
-1
= z
-2
+u
v=
v=
=-
dx
3) X(x-1)
(2x+1)y+y
2
+2x=0 (X)=x Y= (X)+z
= 1+
(x
2
-x)( 1+
)- (2x+1)(x+z)+( x+z)
2
+2x=0
=0
=
(
) (
)
4) Y xy
2
+(2x-1)y=x-1 (X)=x
Y= (X)+z
-x(z+1)
2
+(2x-1)(z+1)=x-1
z
-2
- z
-1
=x
u=z
-1
=z
-2
+u=-x v=
V=e
x
=-
Por partes:
=-x
Y=1+
5) Y+xy
2
-2x
2
y+x
3
=x+1 (X)=x-1
Y= (X)+z
=1+
1+
+ x((x-1)+z)
2
-2x
2
(x-1+z)+x
3
=x+1
-2xz=-xz
2
z
-2
-2xz
-1
=-x
u=z
-1
-
=z
-2
+2xu=x
v=
v=
Y=x-1+
IX) RESOLVER LAS SIGUIENTES ECUACIONES DE LAGRANGE Y CLAIROTS:
1) Y= 2xy- 2y + 1
Y= p y=2px-2p+1
dy=pdx dy=2xdp+2pdx-2dp
pdx=2xdp+2pdx-2dp
v=
v=p
2
x p
2
=
x=1+cp
-2
p
-2
=c(x-1)
reemplazando:
y=2(1+cp
-2
)p-2p+1
(y-1)
2
=c(x-1)
2) y=(x+1)y
2
y=p v=
v=
dy=pdp p =
y=(x+1)p
2
p = + c
dy=dxp
2
+2pdp(x+1) x=
pdx= dxp
2
+2pdp(x+1) y=(x+1)p
2
3) y= xy+
y=p dy=pdx
y=xp+
dy=xdp+pdx-
dp(x-
)=0
x=
=
p=c x=
y=xc+
4) y=xy+
y=p dy=pdx
y=px+
dy=xdp+pdx-
dp(x-
=0
x=
= p=c
x=
y=xc+
5) xy-y= lny
y=p xp-y=lnp
dy=pdx xdp+pdx-dy=
dp(x-
)=0
x=
= p=c
x=
y=xc-lnc