Knight Pse3k CRC

Test Bank to Accompany
Physics for Scientists and Engineers

Third Edition

by

Knight

Pearson Education, Inc.

c.2013
1/9/2012
Contents

Chapter1 ConceptsofMotion.................................................................................................................1
Chapter2 KinematicsinOneDimension.............................................................................................11
Chapter3 VectorsandCoordinateSystems........................................................................................34
Chapter4 KinematicsinTwoDimensions..........................................................................................44
Chapter5 ForceandMotion..................................................................................................................58
Chapter6 DynamicsI:MotionAlongaLine.......................................................................................70
Chapter7 NewtonsThirdLaw.............................................................................................................84
Chapter8 DynamicsII:MotioninaPlane.........................................................................................109
Chapter9 ImpulseandMomentum...................................................................................................116
Chapter10Energy...................................................................................................................................121
Chapter11Work.....................................................................................................................................137
Chapter12RotationofaRigidBody....................................................................................................171
Chapter13NewtonsTheoryofGravity..............................................................................................209
Chapter14 Oscillations...........................................................................................................................222
Chapter15FluidsandElasticity............................................................................................................235
Chapter16AMacroscopicDescriptionofMatter..............................................................................256
Chapter17Work,Heat,andtheFirstLawofThermodynamics......................................................266
Chapter18TheMicro/MacroConnection............................................................................................294
Chapter19HeatEnginesandRefrigerators........................................................................................304
Chapter20TravelingWaves..................................................................................................................317
Chapter21Superpositions.....................................................................................................................332
Chapter22WaveOptics.........................................................................................................................347
Chapter23RayOptics............................................................................................................................360
Chapter24OpticalInstruments............................................................................................................378
Chapter25ElectricChargesandForces...............................................................................................390
Chapter26TheElectricField.................................................................................................................400
Chapter27GausssLaw.........................................................................................................................413
Chapter28TheElectricPotential..........................................................................................................429
Chapter29PotentialandField..............................................................................................................443
Chapter30CurrentandResistance.......................................................................................................465
Chapter31FundamentalsofCircuits...................................................................................................475
Chapter32 TheMagneticField..............................................................................................................504
Chapter33ElectromagneticInduction.................................................................................................543
Chapter34ElectromagneticFieldsandWaves...................................................................................566
Chapter35ACCircuits...........................................................................................................................581
Chapter36Relativity..............................................................................................................................593
Chapter37TheFoundationsofModernPhysics................................................................................605
Chapter38Quantization........................................................................................................................607
Chapter39WaveFunctionsandUncertainty.....................................................................................620
Chapter40OneDimensionalQuantumMechanics...........................................................................625
Chapter41AtomicPhysics....................................................................................................................633
Chapter42NuclearPhysics...................................................................................................................643
Chapter1 ConceptsofMotion
1.1 ConceptualQuestions
1) Thecurrentdefinitionofthestandardmeteroflengthisbasedon
A) thedistancebetweentheearthsequatorandnorthpole.
B) thedistancebetweentheearthandthesun.
C) thedistancetraveledbylightinavacuum.
D) thelengthofaparticularobjectkeptinFrance.
Answer: C
Var:1
2) Thecurrentdefinitionofthestandardsecondoftimeisbasedon
A) thefrequencyofradiationemittedbycesiumatoms.
B) theearthsrotationrate.
C) thedurationofoneyear.
D) theoscillationofaparticularpendulumkeptinFrance.
Answer: A
Var:1
3) Thecurrentdefinitionofthestandardkilogramofmassisbasedon
A) themassoftheearth.
B) themassofthesun.
C) themassaparticularobjectkeptinFrance.
D) themassofacesium133atom.
Answer: C
Var:1
4) Ifawomanweighs125lb,hermassexpressedinkilogramsis xkg,wherexis
A) lessthan125.
B) greaterthan125.
Answer: A
Var:1
5) Ifatreeis15mtall,itsheightexpressedinfeetis xft,wherex is
A) lessthan15.
B) greaterthan15.
Answer: B
Var:1
6) Ifafloweris6.5cmwide,itswidthexpressedinmillimetersis x mm,wherexis
A) lessthan6.5.
B) greaterthan6.5.
Answer: B
Var:1
Copyright2013PearsonEducation,Inc 1
PhysicsforScientistsandEngineers,AStrategicApproach,3e
7) Ifanoperaticarialastsfor5.75min,itslengthexpressedinsecondsis x s,wherexis
A) lessthan5.75.
B) greaterthan5.75.
Answer: B
Var:1
8) ScientistsusethemetricsystemchieflybecauseitismoreaccuratethantheEnglishsystem.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
9) Whenaddingtwonumbers,thenumberofsignificantfiguresinthesumisequaltothe
numberofsignificantfiguresintheleastaccurateofthenumbersbeingadded.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
10) Whendeterminingthenumberofsignificantfiguresinanumber,zeroestotheleftofthe
decimalpointarenevercounted.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
1.2 Problems
1) Convert1.210
-3
todecimalnotation.
A) 1.200
B) 0.1200
C) 0.0120
D) 0.0012
E) 0.00012
Answer: D
Var:5
2) Writeoutthenumber7.3510
-5
infullwithadecimalpointandcorrectnumberofzeros.
A) 0.00000735
B) 0.0000735
C) 0.000735
D) 0.00735
E) 0.0735
Answer: B
Var:5
2 Copyright2013PearsonEducation,Inc.
Chapter1:ConceptsofMotion
3) 0.0001776canalsobeexpressedas
A) 1.77610
-3
.
B) 1.77610
-4
.
C) 17.7210
4
.
D) 177210
5
.
E) 177.210
7
.
Answer: B
Var:5
4) 0.0032510
-8
cmcanalsobeexpressedinmmas
A) 3.2510
-12
mm.
B) 3.2510
-11
mm.
C) 3.2510
-10
mm.
D) 3.2510
-9
mm.
E) 3.2510
-8
mm.
Answer: C
Var:1
5) If,inaparalleluniverse,hasthevalue3.14149,expressinthatuniversetofoursignificant
figures.
A) 3.141
B) 3.142
C) 3.1415
D) 3.1414
Answer: A
Var:1
6) Thenumber0.003010has
A) 7significantfigures.
B) 6significantfigures.
C) 4significantfigures.
D) 2significantfigures.
Answer: C
Var:1
7) Whatis
0.674
0.74
tothepropernumberofsignificantfigures?
A) 0.91
B) 0.911
C) 0.9108
D) 0.9
Answer: A
Var:50+
8) Whatisthevalueof(8.104)
2
,writtenwiththecorrectnumberofsignificantfigures?
A) 206.324
B) 206.323
C) 206.3
D) 206
E) 200
Answer: C
Var:1
9) Whatisthesumof1123and10.3writtenwiththecorrectnumberofsignificantfigures?
A) 1.1310
3
B) 1133.3000
C) 1.110
3
D) 1133.3
E) 1133
Answer: E
Var:1
10) Whatisthesumof1.53+2.786+ 3.3 writtenwiththecorrectnumberofsignificantfigures?
A) 8
B) 7.6
C) 7.62
D) 7.616
E) 7.6160
Answer: B
Var:3
11) Whatisthedifferencebetween103.5and102.24 writtenwiththecorrectnumberofsignificant
figures?
A) 1
B) 1.3
C) 1.26
D) 1.260
E) 1.2600
Answer: B
Var:3
12) Whatistheproductof11.24and1.95 writtenwiththecorrectnumberofsignificantfigures?
A) 22
B) 21.9
C) 21.92
D) 21.918
E) 21.9180
Answer: B
Var:3
13) Whatistheresultof1.583.793 writtenwiththecorrectnumberofsignificantfigures?
A) 4.165610
-1
B) 4.16610
-1
C) 4.1710
-1
D) 4.210
-1
E) 410
-1
Answer: C
Var:3
14) Whatis34+(3)(1.2465)writtenwiththecorrectnumberofsignificantfigures?
A) 37.7
B) 37.74
C) 410
1
D) 38
E) 37.7395
Answer: D
Var:5
15) Whatis56+(32.00)/(1.2465+3.45)writtenwiththecorrectnumberofsignificantfigures?
A) 62.8
B) 62.812
C) 62.81
D) 63
E) 62.8123846
Answer: D
Var:1
16) Add3685gand66.8kgandexpressyouranswerinmilligrams(mg).
A) 7.0510
7
mg
B) 7.0510
4
mg
C) 7.0510
5
mg
D) 7.0510
6
mg
Answer: A
Var:50+
17) Express(4.310
6
)
-1/2
inscientificnotation.
A) 4.810
-4
B) 2.110
3
C) 2.110
-5
D) 2.110
4
Answer: A
Var:40
18) Whatis0.205
2/3
,expressedtothepropernumberofsignificantfigures?
A) 0.348
B) 0.35
C) 0.3
D) 0.3477
Answer: A
Var:50+
19) Thelengthandwidthofarectangleare1.125mand0.606m,respectively.Multiplying,your
calculatorgivestheproductas0.68175.Roundingproperlytothecorrectnumberof
significantfigures,theareashouldbewrittenas
A) 0.7m
2
.
B) 0.68m
2
.
C) 0.682m
2
.
D) 0.6818m
2
.
E) 0.68175m
2
.
Answer: C
Var:1
20) Thefollowingexactconversionequivalentsaregiven:1m = 100cm,1in=2.54cm,and
1ft=12in.Ifacomputerscreenhasanareaof1.27ft
2
,thisareaisclosestto
A) 0.00284m
2
.
B) 0.0465m
2
.
C) 0.118m
2
.
D) 0.284m
2
.
E) 4.65m
2
.
Answer: C
Var:1
21) Inadditionto1m=39.37in.,thefollowingexactconversionequivalentsaregiven:
1mile=5280ft,1ft=12in,1hour=60min,and1min=60s.Ifaparticlehasavelocityof
8.4milesperhour,itsvelocity,inm/s,isclosestto
A) 3.8m/s.
B) 3.0m/s.
C) 3.4m/s.
D) 4.1m/s.
E) 4.5m/s.
Answer: A
Var:50+
22) Aweightliftercanbenchpress171 kg. Howmanymilligrams(mg)isthis?
A) 1.7110
8
mg
B) 1.7110
9
mg
C) 1.7110
7
mg
D) 1.7110
6
mg
Answer: A
Var:50+
23) Howmanynanosecondsdoesittakeforacomputertoperformonecalculationifitperforms
6.710
7
calculationspersecond?
A) 15ns
B) 67ns
C) 11ns
D) 65ns
Answer: A
Var:50+
24) Theshortestwavelengthofvisiblelightisapproximately400nm.Expressthiswavelengthin
centimeters.
A) 410
-5
cm
B) 410
-7
cm
C) 410
-9
cm
D) 410
-11
cm
E) 40010
-11
cm
Answer: A
Var:1
25) Thewavelengthofacertainlaseris0.35micrometers,where1micrometer=110
-6
m.
Expressthiswavelengthinnanometers.
A) 3.510
2
nm
B) 3.510
3
nm
C) 3.510
1
nm
D) 3.510
4
nm
Answer: A
Var:50+
26) AcertainCD-ROMdiskcanstoreapproximately6.0 10
2
megabytesofinformation,where
10
6
bytes=1megabyte.Ifanaveragewordrequires9.0bytesofstorage,howmanywords
canbestoredononedisk?
A) 6.710
7
words
B) 5.410
9
words
C) 2.110
7
words
D) 2.010
9
words
Answer: A
Var:9
27) Aplotoflandcontains5.8acres.Howmanysquaremetersdoesitcontain? [1acre=43,560ft
2
]
A) 2.310
4
m
2
B) 7.110
3
m
2
C) 7.010
4
m
2
D) 5.010
4
m
2
Answer: A
Var:50+
28) Apersononadietloses1.6kg inaweek.Howmanymicrograms/second(g/s)arelost?
A) 2.610
3
g/s
B) 1.610
5
g/s
C) 44g/s
D) 6.410
4
g/s
Answer: A
Var:11
29) Albertusesashisunitoflength(forwalkingtovisithisneighborsorplowinghisfields)the
albert(A),thedistanceAlbertcanthrowasmallrock.Onealbertis92meters.Howmany
squarealbertsisequaltooneacre?(1acre=43,560ft
2
=4050m
2
)
Answer: 1.29A
2
Var:50+
30) Convertaspeedof4.50km/htounitsofft/min.(1.00m = 3.28ft)
A) 0.246ft/min
B) 82.3ft/min
C) 165ft/min
D) 246ft/min
E) 886ft/min
Answer: D
Var:1
31) Theexhaustfanonatypicalkitchenstovepulls600CFM(cubicfeetperminute)throughthe
filter.Giventhat1.00in.=2.54cm,howmanycubicmetersperseconddoesthisfanpull?
A) 0.283m
3
/sec
B) 0.328m
3
/sec
C) 3.05m
3
/sec
D) 32.8m
3
/sec
Answer: A
Var:1
32) Themassofatypicaladultwomanisclosestto
A) 20kg.
B) 35kg.
C) 75kg.
D) 150kg.
Answer: C
Var:1
33) Theheightoftheceilinginatypicalhome,apartment,ordormroomisclosestto
A) 100cm.
B) 200cm.
C) 400cm.
D) 500cm.
Answer: B
Var:1
34) Approximatelyhowmanytimesdoesanaveragehumanheartbeatinayear?
A) 410
5
B) 410
6
C) 410
7
D) 410
8
E) 410
9
Answer: C
Var:1
35) Approximatelyhowmanytimesdoesanaveragehumanheartbeatinalifetime?
A) 310
11
B) 310
10
C) 310
9
D) 310
8
E) 310
7
Answer: C
Var:1
36) Approximatelyhowmanypennieswouldyouhavetostacktoreachanaverage8-foot
ceiling?
A) 210
2
B) 210
3
C) 210
4
D) 210
5
E) 2x10
6
Answer: B
Var:1
37) Estimatethenumberoftimestheearthwillrotateonitsaxisduringahumanslifetime.
A) 310
4
B) 310
5
C) 310
6
D) 310
7
E) 3x10
8
Answer: A
Var:1
38) Estimatethenumberofpenniesthatwouldfitinaboxonefootlongbyonefootwidebyone
foottall.
A) 510
2
B) 510
3
C) 510
4
D) 510
5
E) 5x10
6
Answer: C
Var:1
39) Amarathonis26miand385yd long.Estimatehowmanystrideswouldberequiredtoruna
marathon.Assumeareasonablevaluefortheaveragenumberoffeet/stride.
A) 4.510
4
strides
B) 4.510
3
strides
C) 4.510
5
strides
D) 4.510
6
strides
Answer: A
Var:1
40) Theperiodofapendulumisthetimeittakesthependulumtoswingbackandforthonce.If
theonlydimensionalquantitiesthattheperioddependsonaretheaccelerationofgravity, g,
andthelengthofthependulum,,whatcombinationofgandmusttheperiodbe
proportionalto?(AccelerationhasSIunitsofms
-2
.).
A) g/
B) g
2
C) g
D) g
E) /g
Answer: E
Var:1
41) Thespeedofawavepulseonastringdependsonthetension, F,inthestringandthemassper
unitlength,,ofthestring.TensionhasSIunitsofkgms
-2
andthemassperunitlength
hasSIunitsofkgm
-1
.WhatcombinationofFandmustthespeedofthewavebe
proportionalto?
A) F/
B) /F
C) /F
D) F
E) F/
Answer: A
Var:1
42) Thepositionx,inmeters,ofanobjectisgivenbytheequation x=A+Bt+Ct
2
,wheret
representstimeinseconds.WhataretheSIunitsofA,B,andC?
A) m,m,m
B) m,s,s
C) m,s,s
2
D) m,m/s,m/s
2
E) m/s,m/s
2
,m/s
3
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter2 KinematicsinOneDimension
1) Iftheaccelerationofanobjectisnegative,theobjectmustbeslowingdown.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
2) Ifthegraphofthepositionasafunctionoftimeforanobjectisahorizontalline,thatobject
cannotbeaccelerating.
A) True
B) False
Answer: A
Var:1
3) Ifanobjectisacceleratingtowardapoint,thenitmustbegettingcloserandclosertothat
point.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
4) Whencanwebecertainthattheaveragevelocityofanobjectisalwaysequaltoits
instantaneousvelocity?
A) always
B) never
C) onlywhenthevelocityisconstant
D) onlywhentheaccelerationisconstant
E) onlywhentheaccelerationischangingataconstantrate
Answer: C
Var:1
5) Supposethatanobjectismovingwithconstantnonzeroacceleration.Whichofthefollowingis
anaccuratestatementconcerningitsmotion?
A) Inequaltimesitsspeedchangesbyequalamounts.
B) Inequaltimesitsvelocitychangesbyequalamounts.
C) Inequaltimesitmovesequaldistances.
D) Agraphofitspositionasafunctionoftimehasaconstantslope.
E) Agraphofitsvelocityasafunctionoftimeisahorizontalline.
Answer: B
Var:1
6) Supposethatacartravelingtothewest(the-x direction)beginstoslowdownasit
approachesatrafficlight.Whichstatementconcerningitsaccelerationinthexdirectionis
correct?
A) Bothitsaccelerationanditsvelocityarepositive.
B) Bothitsaccelerationanditsvelocityarenegative.
C) Itsaccelerationispositivebutitsvelocityisnegative.
D) Itsaccelerationisnegativebutitsvelocityispositive.
Answer: C
Var:1
7) Themotionofaparticleisdescribedinthevelocityversustimegraphshowninthefigure.We
cansaythatitsspeed
A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) increasesandthendecreases.
D) decreasesandthenincreases.
Answer: D
Var:1
8) Themotionsofacarandatruckalongastraightroadarerepresentedbythevelocitytime
graphsinthefigure.Thetwovehiclesareinitiallyalongsideeachotherattime t=0.AttimeT,
whatistrueaboutthesetwovehiclessincetimet=0?
A) Thetruckwillhavetraveledfurtherthanthecar.
B) Thecarwillhavetraveledfurtherthanthetruck.
C) Thetruckandthecarwillhavetraveledthesamedistance.
D) Thecarwillbetravelingfasterthanthetruck.
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter2:KinematicsinOneDimension
9) Thegraphinthefigureshowsthepositionofanobjectasafunctionoftime.ThelettersHL
representparticularmomentsoftime.Atwhichmomentsshown(H,I,etc.)isthespeedofthe
object
(a)thegreatest?
(b)thesmallest?
Answer: (a)J(b)I
Var:1
10) Thefigureshowsthepositionofanobject(movingalongastraightline)asafunctionoftime.
Assumetwosignificantfiguresineachnumber.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthis
objectistrueovertheintervalshown?
A) Theobjectisacceleratingtotheleft.
B) Theobjectisacceleratingtotheright.
C) Theaccelerationoftheobjectisinthesamedirectionasitsvelocity.
D) Theaveragespeedoftheobjectis1.0m/s.
Answer: A
Var:1
11) Thefigureshowsthegraphofthepositionx asafunctionoftimeforanobjectmovinginthe
straightline(thex-axis).Whichofthefollowinggraphsbestdescribesthevelocityalongthe
x-axisasafunctionoftimeforthisobject?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: D
Var:1
12) Anobjectismovingwithconstantnonzeroaccelerationalongthe+xaxis.Agraphofthe
velocityinthexdirectionasafunctionoftimeforthisobjectis
A) ahorizontalstraightline.
B) averticalstraightline.
C) astraightlinemakingananglewiththetimeaxis.
D) aparaboliccurve.
Answer: D
Var:1
13) Anobjectismovinginastraightlinealongthex-axis.Aplotofitsvelocityinthexdirection
asafunctionoftimeisshowninthefigure.Whichgraphrepresentsitsaccelerationinthe x
directionasafunctionoftime?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: C
Var:1
14) Anobjectstartsitsmotionwithaconstantvelocityof2.0m/stowardtheeast.After3.0s,the
objectstopsfor1.0s.Theobjectthenmovestowardthewestadistanceof2.0min3.0s.The
objectcontinuestravelinginthesamedirection,butincreasesitsspeedby1.0m/sforthenext
2.0s.Whichgraphbelowcouldrepresentthemotionofthisobject?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Answer: D
Var:1
15) Thefigureshowsthevelocityofaparticleasittravelsalongthe xaxis.Whatisthedirectionof
theaccelerationatt=0.5s?
A) inthe+xdirection
B) inthe-xdirection
C) Theaccelerationiszero.
Answer: B
Var:1
16) Thefigurerepresentsthevelocityofaparticleasittravelsalongthe xaxis.Atwhatvalue(or
values)oftistheinstantaneousaccelerationequaltozero?
A) t=0
B) t=0.5sandt=2s
C) t=1s
Answer: C
Var:1
17) Aballisthrowndirectlyupwardandexperiencesnoairresistance.Whichoneofthefollowing
statementsaboutitsmotioniscorrect?
A) Theaccelerationoftheballisupwardwhileitistravelingupanddownwardwhileitis
travelingdown.
B) Theaccelerationoftheballisdownwardwhileitistravelingupandupwardwhileitis
travelingdown.
C) Theaccelerationisdownwardduringtheentiretimetheballisintheair.
D) Theaccelerationoftheballisdownwardwhileitistravelingupanddownwardwhileit
istravelingdownbutiszeroatthehighestpointwhentheballstops.
Answer: C
Var:1
18) Twoobjectsarethrownfromthetopofatallbuildingandexperiencenoappreciableair
resistance.Oneisthrownup,andtheotheristhrowndown,bothwiththesameinitialspeed.
Whataretheirspeedswhentheyhitthestreet?
A) Theonethrownupistravelingfaster.
B) Theonethrowndownistravelingfaster.
C) Theyaretravelingatthesamespeed.
Answer: C
Var:1
19) Twoobjectsaredroppedfromabridge,anintervalof1.0sapart,andexperienceno
appreciableairresistance.Astimeprogresses,theDIFFERENCEintheirspeeds
A) increases.
B) remainsconstant.
C) decreases.
D) increasesatfirst,butthenstaysconstant.
E) decreasesatfirst,butthenstaysconstant.
Answer: B
Var:1
20) Whichoneofthefollowinggraphscouldpossiblyrepresenttheverticalpositionasafunction
oftimeforanobjectinfreefall?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: D
Var:1
2.2 Problems
1) Acatrunsalongastraightline(thex-axis)frompointAtopointB topointC,asshowninthe
figure.ThedistancebetweenpointsAandCis5.00m,thedistancebetweenpoints BandCis
10.0m,andthepositivedirectionofthex-axispointstotheright.Thetimetorunfrom AtoB
is20.0s,andthetimefromBtoCis8.00s.Asthecatrunsalongthe x-axisbetweenpointsA
andC
(a)whatisthemagnitudeofitsaveragevelocity?
(b)whatisitsaveragespeed?
Answer: (a)0.179m/s(b)0.893m/s
Var:1
2) Thefigureshowsthepositionofanobjectasafunctionoftime.Duringthetimeintervalfrom
timet=0.0sandtimet=9.0s
(a)whatisthelengthofthepaththeobjectfollowed?
(b)whatisthedisplacementoftheobject?
Answer: (a)5.0m(b)1.0m
Var:1
3) Aspartofanexerciseprogram,awomanwalkssouthataspeedof2.00m/sfor60.0minutes.
Shethenturnsaroundandwalksnorthadistance3000min25.0minutes
(a)Whatisthewomansaveragevelocityduringherentiremotion?
A)0.824m/ssouth
B)1.93m/ssouth
C)2.00m/ssouth
D)1.79m/ssouth
E)800m/ssouth
(b)Whatisthewomansaveragespeedduringherentiremotion?
A)0.824m/s
B)1.93m/s
C)2.00m/s
D)1.79m/s
E)800m/s
Answer: (a)A(b)C
Var:1
4) Thefigureshowsthepositionofanobjectasafunctionoftime,withallnumbersaccurateto
twosignificantfigures.Betweentimet=0.0sandtimet=9.0s
(a)whatistheaveragespeedoftheobject?
(b)whatistheaveragevelocityoftheobject?
Var:1
5) Ifthefastestyoucansafelydriveis65mi/h, whatisthelongesttimeyoucanstopfordinnerif
youmusttravel541miin9.6htotal?
A) 1.0h
B) 1.3h
C) 1.4h
D) Youcantstopatall.
Answer: B
Var:50+
6) ArthurandBettystartwalkingtowardeachotherwhentheyare100mapart.Arthurhasa
speedof3.0m/sandBettyhasaspeedof 2.0m/s.Theirdog,Spot,startsbyArthurssideatthe
sametimeandrunsbackandforthbetweenthemat5.0m/s.BythetimeArthurandBetty
meet,whatdistancehasSpotrun?
Answer: 100m
Var:1
7) Aracingcaracceleratesuniformlyfromrestalongastraighttrack.Thistrackhasmarkers
spacedatequaldistancesalongitfromthestart,asshowninthefigure.Thecarreachesa
speedof140km/hasitpassesmarker2.Whereonthetrackwasthecarwhenitwastraveling
at70km/h?
A) Beforemarker1
B) Atmarker1
C) Betweenmarker1andmarker2
Answer: A
Var:1
8) Thefigurerepresentsthepositionofaparticleasittravelsalongthex-axis.Betweent= 2s
andt=4s,whatis(a)theaveragespeedoftheparticleand(b)theaveragevelocityofthe
particle?
Var:1
9) Thefigureshowsagraphofthevelocityasafunctionoftimeforabasketballplayertraveling
upanddownthecourtinastraight-linepath.forthe10sshownonthegraph,find
(a)thenetdisplacementoftheplayer.
(b)thetotaldistancerunbytheplayer.
Answer: (a)18m(b)20m
Var:1
10) Thepositionofanobjectasafunctionoftimeisgivenby x=bt
2
-ct,whereb=2.0m/s
2
and
c=6.7m/s,andxandtareinSIunits.Whatistheinstantaneousvelocityoftheobjectwhen
t=2.2?
A) 1.7m/s
B) 2.1m/s
C) 2.3m/s
D) 2.7m/s
Answer: B
Var:22
11) Thepositionofanobjectisgivenbyx=at3-bt2+ct,wherea=4.1m/s
3
,b=2.2m/s
2
,
c=1.7m/s,andxandtareinSIunits.Whatistheinstantaneousaccelerationoftheobject
whent=0.7s?
A) -13m/s
2
B) 2.9m/s
2
C) 4.6m/s
2
D) 13m/s
2
Answer: D
Var:36
12) Thevelocityofanobjectasafunctionoftimeisgivenbyv(t)= 2.00m/s+(3.00m/s)t-(1.0
m/s
2
)t
2
.Determinetheinstantaneousaccelerationoftheobjectattimet=5.00s.
A) -8.00m/s
2
B) -7.00m/s
2
C) 2.00m/s
2
D) 0.00m/s
2
E) -2.00m/s
2
Answer: B
Var:5
13) Thepositionofanobjectasafunctionoftimeisgivenbyx(t)=at
3
-bt
2
+ct-d,where
a=3.6m/s
3
,b=4.0m/s
2
,c=60m/sandd=7.0m.
(a)Findtheinstantaneousaccelerationat t=2.4s.
(b)Findtheaverageaccelerationoverthefirst2.4seconds.
Answer: (a)44m/s
2
(b)18m/s
2
Var:1
14) Thevelocityofanobjectisgivenbytheexpressionv(t)=3.00m/s+(4.00m/s
3
)t
2
,wheretisin
seconds.Determinethepositionoftheobjectasafunctionoftimeifitislocatedat x=1.00m
attimet=0.000s.
A) (4.00m/s)t+1.00m
B) (3.00m/s)t+(1.33m/s3)t
3
C) (4.00m/s)t
D) 1.33m
E) 1.00m+(3.00m/s)t+(1.33m/s
3
)t
3
Answer: E
Var:5
15) Theaccelerationofanobjectasafunctionoftimeisgivenbya(t)=(3.00m/s
3
)t,wheretisin
seconds.Iftheobjectisatrestattimet=0.00s,whatisthevelocityoftheobjectattime t=
6.00s?
A) 18.0m/s
B) 54.0m/s
C) 0.00m/s
D) 15.0m/s
E) 108m/s
Answer: B
Var:5
16) Theaccelerationofanobjectasafunctionoftimeisgivenbya(t)=(3.00m/s
3
)t,wheretisin
seconds.Iftheobjecthasavelocity1.00m/sattimet=1.00s,whatisthedisplacementofthe
objectbetweentimet=2.00sandtimet=4.00s?
A) 33.0m
B) 30.0m
C) 36.0m
D) 27.0m
Answer: D
Var:1
17) Acaracceleratesfrom10.0m/sto30.0m/satarateof3.00m/s
2
.Howfardoesthecartravel
whileaccelerating?
A) 80.0m
B) 133m
C) 226m
D) 399m
Answer: B
Var:50+
18) Adragsterstartsfromrestandtravels1/4miin6.70swithconstantacceleration.Whatisits
velocitywhenitcrossesthefinishline?
A) 296mi/h
B) 269mi/h
C) 188mi/h
D) 135mi/h
Answer: B
Var:40
19) Aairplanethatisflyinglevelneedstoacceleratefromaspeedof2.00 10
2
m/stoaspeedof
2.4010
2
m/swhileitfliesadistanceof1.20km.Whatmustbetheaccelerationoftheplane?
A) 4.44m/s
2
B) 2.45m/s
2
C) 7.33m/s
2
D) 5.78m/s
2
E) 1.34m/s
2
Answer: C
Var:1
20) Arunnermaintainsconstantaccelerationafterstartingfromrestassherunsadistanceof60.0
m.Therunnersspeedattheendofthe60.0mis9.00m/s.Howmuchtimedidittakethe
runnertocompletethe60.0mdistance?
A) 6.67s
B) 15.0s
C) 9.80s
D) 10.2s
E) 13.3s
Answer: A
Var:1
21) Anobjectstartsfromrestattimet = 0.00sandmovesinthe+x directionwithconstant
acceleration.Theobjecttravels12.0mfromtimet=1.00stotimet=2.00s.Whatisthe
accelerationoftheobject?
A) -12.0m/s
2
B) 24.0m/s
2
C) -4.00m/s
2
D) 4.00m/s
2
E) 8.00m/s
2
Answer: E
Var:5
22) Acarstartsfromrestandaccelerateswithaconstantaccelerationof1.00m/s
2
for3.00s.The
carcontinuesfor5.00satconstantvelocity.Howfarhasthecartraveledfromitsstarting
point?
A) 24.0m
B) 9.00m
C) 19.5m
D) 4.50m
E) 15.0m
Answer: C
Var:1
23) Aballrollsacrossafloorwithanaccelerationof0.100m/s
2
inadirectionoppositetoits
velocity.Theballhasavelocityof4.00m/safterrollingadistance6.00macrossthefloor.
Whatwastheinitialspeedoftheball?
A) 4.15m/s
B) 5.85m/s
C) 4.60m/s
D) 5.21m/s
E) 3.85m/s
Answer: A
Var:1
24) Acaris200mfromastopsignandtravelingtowardthesignat40.0m/s.Atthistime,the
driversuddenlyrealizesthatshemuststopthecar.Ifittakes0.200sforthedrivertoapplythe
brakes,whatmustbethemagnitudeoftheconstantaccelerationofthecarafterthebrakesare
appliedsothatthecarwillcometorestatthestopsign?
A) 2.89m/s
2
B) 3.89m/s
2
C) 4.17m/s
2
D) 3.42m/s
2
E) 2.08m/s
2
Answer: C
Var:1
25) Aspeedingcaristravelingataconstant30.0m/swhenitpassesastationarypolicecar.Ifthe
policecardelaysfor1.00sbeforestarting,whatmustbethemagnitudeoftheconstant
accelerationofthepolicecartocatchthespeedingcarafterthepolicecartravelsadistanceof
300m?
A) 6.00m/s
2
B) 3.00m/s
2
C) 7.41m/s
2
D) 1.45m/s
2
E) 3.70m/s
2
Answer: C
Var:1
26) Asoccerballisreleasedfromrestatthetopofagrassyincline.After 8.6 seconds,theball
travels87metersand1.0safterthis,theballreachesthebottomoftheincline.
(a)Whatwasthemagnitudeoftheballsacceleration,assumeittobeconstant?
(b)Howlongwastheincline?
Answer: a)2.4m/s
2
b)110m
Var:50+
27) Apackageisdroppedfromahelicoptermovingupwardat 15m/s. Ifittakes16.0sbeforethe
packagestrikestheground,howhighabovethegroundwasthepackagewhenitwasreleased
ifairresistanceisnegligible?
A) 810m
B) 1000m
C) 1200m
D) 1500m
Answer: B
Var:25
28) Aballisprojectedupwardattime t = 0.0s,fromapointonaroof90 mabovetheground.The
ballrises,thenfallsandstrikestheground.Theinitialvelocityoftheballis 36.2m/sifair
resistanceisnegligible.Thetimewhentheballstrikesthegroundisclosestto
A) 9.4s
B) 9.0s
C) 8.7s
D) 9.7s
E) 10s
Answer: A
Var:50+
29) Atthesamemomentfromthetopofabuilding3.0 10
2
mtall,onerockisdroppedandoneis
throwndownwardwithaninitialvelocityof 10m/s.Bothofthemexperiencenegligibleair
resistance.HowmuchEARLIERdoesthethrownrockstriketheground?
A) 0.95s
B) 0.86s
C) 0.67s
D) Theylandatexactlythesametime.
Answer: A
Var:21
30) TwoidenticalobjectsAandBfallfromrestfromdifferentheightstothegroundandfeelno
appreciableairresistance.IfobjectBtakesTWICEaslongasobjectAtoreachtheground,
whatistheratiooftheheightsfromwhichAandBfell?
A) h
A
/h
B
=1/ 2
B) h
A
/h
B
=1/2
C) h
A
/h
B
=1/4
D) h
A
/h
B
=1/8
Answer: C
Var:1
31) Afoulballishitstraightupintotheairwithaspeedof30.0m/s.
(a) Calculatethetimerequiredfortheballtorisetoitsmaximumheight.
(b) Calculatethemaximumheightreachedbytheball.
(c) Determinethetimeatwhichtheballpassapoint25.0mabovethepointofcontact
betweenthebatandball.
(d) Explainwhytherearetwoanswerstopart(c).
Answer: (a)3.06s(b)45.9m(c)0.995sand5.13
(d)Onevalueisfortheballtravelingupward;onevalueisfortheballtraveling
downward.
Var:1
32) Arockisdroppedfromthetopofaverticalcliffandtakes3.00storeachthegroundbelowthe
cliff.Asecondrockisthrownverticallyfromthecliff,andittakesthisrock2.00storeachthe
groundbelowtheclifffromthetimeitisreleased.Withwhatvelocitywasthesecondrock
thrown,assumingnoairresistance?
A) 4.76m/supward
B) 5.51m/sdownward
C) 12.3m/supward
D) 4.76m/sdownward
E) 12.3m/sdownward
Answer: E
Var:1
33) Todeterminetheheightofaflagpole,Abbythrowsaballstraightupandtimesit.Shesees
thattheballgoesbythetopofthepoleafter0.50sandthenreachesthetopofthepoleagain
afteratotalelapsedtimeof4.1s.Howhighisthepoleabovethepointwheretheballwas
launched?(Youcanignoreairresistance.)
A) 10m
B) 13m
C) 16m
D) 18m
E) 26m
Answer: A
Var:1
34) Atestrocketisfiredstraightupfromrestwithanetaccelerationof20.0m/s
2
.After4.00
secondsthemotorturnsoff,buttherocketcontinuestocoastupwardwithnoappreciableair
resistance.Whatmaximumelevationdoestherocketreach?
A) 487m
B) 327m
C) 320m
D) 408m
E) 160m
Answer: A
Var:1
35) Atoyrocketislaunchedverticallyfromgroundlevel(y = 0.00m),attimet=0.00s.Therocket
engineprovidesconstantupwardaccelerationduringtheburnphase.Attheinstantofengine
burnout,therockethasrisento72mandacquiredavelocityof30m/s.Therocketcontinues
toriseinunpoweredflight,reachesmaximumheight,andfallsbacktothegroundwith
negligibleairresistance.Thespeedoftherocketuponimpactonthegroundisclosestto
A) 48m/s
B) 44m/s
C) 39m/s
D) 54m/s
E) 59m/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
36) Aballisprojectedupwardattimet = 0.00s,fromapointonaroof 70 mabovethegroundand
experiencesnegligibleairresistance.Theballrises,thenfallsandstrikestheground.Theinitial
velocityoftheballis28.5m/s.Considerallquantitiesaspositiveintheupwarddirection.The
velocityoftheballwhenitis39mabovethegroundisclosestto
A) -38m/s.
B) -30m/s.
C) -23m/s.
D) -15m/s.
E) -45m/s.
Answer: A
Var:50+
37) Ontheearth,whenanastronautthrowsa0.250-kgstoneverticallyupward,itreturnstohis
handatimeTlater.OnplanetXhefindsthat,underthesamecircumstances,thestonereturns
tohishandin2T.Inbothcases,hethrowsthestonewiththesameinitialvelocityanditfeels
negligibleairresistance.TheaccelerationduetogravityonplanetX(intermsof g)is
A) g/4.
B) g/2.
C) g/ 2.
D) g 2.
E) 2g.
Answer: B
Var:1
38) Twoidenticalstonesaredroppedfromrestandfeelnoairresistanceastheyfall.Stone A is
droppedfromheighth,andstoneBisdroppedfromheight2h.IfstoneAtakestimettoreach
theground,stoneBwilltaketime
A) 4t.
B) 2t.
C) t 2.
D) t/ 2.
E) t/2.
Answer: C
Var:1
39) Arockisthrowndirectlyupwardfromtheedgeoftheroofofabuildingthatis66.2meters
tall.Therockmissesthebuildingonitswaydown,andisobservedtostriketheground4.00
secondsafterbeingthrown.Neglectanyeffectsofairresistance.Withwhatspeedwastherock
thrown?
Answer: 3.05m/s
Var:50+
40) Arockettakesoffverticallyfromthelaunchpadwithnoinitialvelocitybutaconstantupward
accelerationof2.25m/s
2
.At15.4safterblastoff,theenginesfailcompletelysotheonlyforce
ontherocketfromthenonisthepullofgravity.
(a)Whatisthemaximumheighttherocketwillreachabovethelaunchpad?
(b)Howfastistherocketmovingattheinstantbeforeitcrashesontothelaunchpad?
(c)Howlongafterenginefailuredoesittakefortherockettocrashontothelaunchpad?
Answer: (a)328m(b)80.2m/s(c)11.7s
Var:1
Chapter3 VectorsandCoordinateSystems
1) Whichofthefollowingisanaccuratestatement?
A) Themagnitudeofavectorcanbezeroeventhoughoneofitscomponentsisnotzero.
B) Itispossibletoaddascalarquantitytoavector.
C) Eventhoughtwovectorshaveunequalmagnitudes,itispossiblethattheirvectorsumis
zero.
D) Rotatingavectoraboutanaxispassingthroughthetipofthevectordoesnotchangethe
vector.
E) Themagnitudeofavectorisindependentofthecoordinatesystemused.
Answer: E
Var:1
2) If A- B =0,thenthevectors Aand B haveequalmagnitudesandaredirectedinthe
oppositedirectionsfromeachother.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
3) Underwhatconditionis| A- B |=A+B?
A) Themagnitudeofvector B iszero.
B) Vectors Aand B areinoppositedirections.
C) Vectors Aand B areinthesamedirection.
D) Vectors Aand B areinperpendiculardirections.
E) Thestatementisnevertrue.
Answer: B
Var:1
4) IfA>B,underwhatconditionis| A- B |=A-B?
A) Thestatementisnevertrue.
B) Vectors Aand B areinoppositedirections.
C) Vectors Aand B areinthesamedirection.
D) Vectors Aand B reinperpendiculardirections.
E) Thestatementisalwaystrue.
Answer: C
Var:1
Chapter3:VectorsandCoordinateSystems
5) Forthevectorsshowninthefigure,expressvector Sintermsofvectors M and N.
Answer: S = M - N
Var:1
6) Themagnitudeofavectorcanneverbelessthanthemagnitudeofoneofitscomponents.
A) True
B) False
Answer: A
Var:1
7) Ifthemagnitudeofvector Aislessthanthemagnitudeofvector B ,thenthexcomponentof
Aislessthanthexcomponentof B .
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
8) Iftheeastwardcomponentofvector Aisequaltothewestwardcomponentofvector B and
theirnorthwardcomponentsareequal.Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsaboutthesetwo
vectorsiscorrect?
A) Vector Aisparalleltovector B .
B) Vectors Aand B pointinoppositedirections.
C) Vector Aisperpendiculartovector B .
D) Themagnitudeofvector Aisequaltothemagnitudeofvector B .
E) Themagnitudeofvector Aistwicethemagnitudeofvector B .
Answer: D
Var:1
9) Ifallthecomponentsofavectorareequalto1,thenthatvectorisaunitvector.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
3.2 Problems
1) Youwalk55mtothenorth,thenturn60 toyourrightandwalkanother45m.Howfarare
youfromwhereyouoriginallystarted?
A) 87m
B) 50m
C) 94m
D) 46m
Answer: A
Var:31
2) Vectors Aand Bareshowninthefigure.Vector Cisgivenby C= B- A.Themagnitudeof
vector Ais16.0units,andthemagnitudeofvector Bis7.00units.Whatisthemagnitudeof
vector C?
A) 9.00
B) 9.53
C) 15.5
D) 16.2
E) 17.5
Answer: D
Var:1
3) Vectors Aand Bareshowninthefigure.Vector Cisgivenby C= B- A.Themagnitudeof
vector Ais16.0units,andthemagnitudeofvector Bis7.00units.Whatistheangleofvector
C,measuredcounterclockwisefromthe+x-axis?
A) 16.9
B) 22.4
C) 73.1
D) 287
E) 292
Answer: D
Var:1
4) Arabbittryingtoescapeafoxrunsnorthfor8.0 m,dartsnorthwestfor1.0m,thendrops1.0m
downaholeintoitsburrow.Whatisthemagnitudeofthenetdisplacementoftherabbit?
A) 8.8m
B) 8.1m
C) 66m
D) 10m
Answer: A
Var:50+
5) Youwalk53mtothenorth,thenturn60 toyourrightandwalkanother 45m.Determinethe
directionofyourdisplacementvector.Expressyouranswerasananglerelativetoeast.
A) 63NofE
B) 50NofE
C) 57NofE
D) 69NofE
Answer: A
Var:50+
6) Vector Ahasamagnitude5.00andpointsinadirection 40.0clockwisefromthenegativey
axis.Whatarethexandycomponentsofvector A.
A) A
x
=3.83andA
y
=3.21
B) A
x
=3.83andA
y
=-3.21
C) A
x
=-3.21andA
y
=-3.83
D) A
x
=-3.21andA
y
=3.83
E) A
x
=4.29andA
y
=2.16
Answer: C
Var:5
7) Thecomponentsofvector AareA
x
=+3.90andA
y
=-4.00.Whatistheanglemeasured
counterclockwisefromthe+x-axistovector A?
A) 314
B) 134
C) 224
D) 136
E) 46.0
Answer: A
Var:1
8) Vector Ahasamagnitudeof5.5cmandpointsalongthe x-axis.Vector Bhasamagnitude
of7.5cmandpointsat+30abovethenegativex-axis.
(a)DeterminethexandycomponentsofVector A.
(b)DeterminethexandycomponentsofVector B.
(c)Determinexandycomponentsofthesumofthesetwovectors.
(d)Determinethemagnitudeanddirectionofthesumofthesetwovectors.
Answer: (a)A
x
=5.5cm,A
y
= 0
(b)B
x
=-6.5cm,B
y
=3.8cm
(c)R
x
=-1.0cm,R
y
=3.8cm
(d)3.9cmat75above-x-axis
Var:1
9) Vector Ahasamagnitudeof75.0cmandpointsat30abovethepositivex-axis.Vector B
hasamagnitudeof25.0cmandpointsalongthenegative x-axis.Vector Chasamagnitude
of40.0cmandpointsat45belowthenegativex-axis.
(a)DeterminethexandycomponentsofVector A.
(b)DeterminethexandycomponentsofVector B.
(c)DeterminethexandycomponentsofVector C.
(d)Determinexandycomponentsofthesumofthesethreevectors.
(e)Determinethemagnitudeanddirectionofthesumofthesethreevectors.
Answer: (a)A
x
=65cm,A
y
=38cm
(b)B
x
=-25cm,B
y
=0
(c)C
x
=-28cm,C
y
=-28cm
(d)R
x
=12cm,R
y
=9.2cm
(e)15cmat38above+x-axis
Var:1
10) Ahelicopterisflyinghorizontallywithaspeedof444 m/soverahillthatslopesupwardwith
a2%grade(thatis,theriseis2%oftherun).Whatisthecomponentofthehelicopters
velocityperpendiculartotheslopingsurfaceofthehill?
A) 8.9m/s
B) 220m/s
C) 435m/s
D) 444m/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
11) Anapplefallsfromanappletreegrowingona20 slope.Theapplehitsthegroundwithan
impactvelocityof16.2m/sstraightdownward.Whatisthecomponentoftheapplesimpact
velocityparalleltothesurfaceoftheslope?
A) 5.5m/s
B) 8.7m/s
C) 12m/s
D) 15m/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
12) Thecomponentsofvector AareA
x
=+2.2andA
y
=-6.9,andthecomponentsofvector Bare
givenareB
x
=-6.1andB
y
=-2.2.Whatisthemagnitudeofthevector B- A?
A) 9.5
B) 6.1
C) 9.9
D) 91
E) 0.76
Answer: A
Var:50+
13) Thecomponentsofvector BareB
x
=-3.5andB
y
=-9.7,andthecomponentsofvector Care
C
x
=-6andC
y
=+8.1.Whatistheangle(lessthan180degrees)betweenvectors Band C?
A) 124
B) 56
C) 17
D) 163
E) 106
Answer: A
Var:50+
14) Anairplaneundergoesthefollowingdisplacements:First,itflies66kminadirection30 east
ofnorth.Next,itflies49kmduesouth.Finally,itflies100km30northofwest.Usingvector
components,determinehowfartheairplaneendsupfromitsstartingpoint.
A) 79km
B) 81km
C) 82km
D) 78km
E) 76km
Answer: A
Var:1
15) Inthefigure,themagnitudeofvector Ais18.0units,andthemagnitudeofvector Bis12.0
units.Whatvector Cmustbeaddedtothevectors Aand Bsothattheresultantofthese
threevectorspointsinthe-xdirectionandhasamagnitudeof7.50units?Usevector
componentstofindyouranswer,andexpressvector Cbygivingitsmagnitudeandtheangle
itmakeswiththe+x-axistakingcounterclockwisetobepositive.
Answer: 15.5,209
Var:1
16) Threeforcesareexertedonanobjectplacedonatiltedfloor.Forcesarevectors.Thethree
forcesaredirectedasshowninthefigure.IftheforceshavemagnitudesF
1
=1.0N,F
2
=8.0
NandF
3
=7.0N,whereNisthestandardunitofforce,whatisthecomponentofthe netforce
F
net
= F
1
+ F
2
+ F
3
paralleltothefloor?
A) 2.5N
B) 5.1N
C) 6.0N
D) 7.8N
Answer: A
Var:29
17) Asshowninthefigure,threeforcevectorsactonanobject.Themagnitudesoftheforcesas
showninthefigureareF
1
=80.0N,F
2
=60.0N,andF
3
=40.0N,whereNisthestandardSI
unitofforce.Theresultantforceactingontheobjectisgivenby
A) 180Natanangle60.0withrespectto+x-axis.
B) 60.0Natanangle90.0withrespectto+x-axis.
C) 20.0Natanangle34.3withrespectto+x-axis.
D) 35.5Natanangle34.3withrespectto+x-axis.
E) 40.0Natanangle60.0withrespectto +x-axis.
Answer: D
Var:1
18) Ateachersendsherstudentsonatreasurehunt.Shegivesthefollowinginstructions:
1.Walk300mnorth
2.Walk400mnorthwest
3.Walk700meast-southeastandthetreasureisburiedthere.
Asalltheotherstudentswalkofffollowingtheinstructions,Janephysicsstudentquicklyadds
thedisplacementsandwalksinastraightlinetofindthetreasure.Howfarandinwhat
directiondoesJaneneedtowalk?
A) 187minadirection67.3 northofeast
B) 481minadirection40.9 northofeast
C) 399minadirection52.5 northofeast
D) 284minadirection28.2 westofnorth
E) Thetreasurepositioncannotbereachedinonestraightwalk.
Answer: B
Var:1
19) Vector A=-3.00i
^
+3.00j
^
andvector B=3.00i
^
+4.00j
^
.Whatisvector C= A+ B?
A) 0.00i
^
+3.00j
^
B) 7.00i
^
+7.00j
^
C) -3.00i
^
+7.00j
^
D) 0.00i
^
+7.00j
^
E) -3.00i
^
-3.00j
^
Answer: D
Var:1
20) Vector A=1.00i
^
+-2.00j
^
andvector B=3.00i
^
+4.00j
^
.Whatarethemagnitudeand
directionofvector C= A+ B?
A) 7.21inadirection33.7counterclockwisefromthepositivex axis
B) 6.00inadirection63.4counterclockwisefromthepositivex axis
C) 4.47inadirection6.34counterclockwisefromthepositivex axis
D) 4.47inadirection26.6counterclockwisefromthepositivex axis
E) 7.21inadirection56.3counterclockwisefromthepositivex axis
Answer: D
Var:1
21) Whatisthemagnitudeof A+ B+ C,where A=1.00i
^
+4.00j
^
-1.00k
^
, B=3.00i
^
-1.00j
^
-
4.00k
^
and C=-1.00i
^
+1.00j
^
?
A) 7.07
B) 2.00
C) 10.76
D) 6.78
E) 8.12
Answer: A
Var:9
22) If A=+4i
^
-2j
^
-3k
^
and C=-4i
^
-2j
^
-3k
^
,whichofthefollowingnumbersisclosesttothe
magnitudeof A- C?
A) 8
B) 7
C) 9
D) 10
E) 11
Answer: A
Var:50+
23) Vector A=-1.00i
^
+-2.00j
^
andvector B=3.00i
^
+4.00j
^
.Whatarethemagnitudeand
directionofvector C=3.00 A+2.00 B?
A) 3.61inadirection-56.3 counterclockwisefromthepositivex-axis
B) 3.61inadirection56.3counterclockwisefromthepositivex-axis
C) 3.61inadirection33.7counterclockwisefromthepositivex-axis
D) 5.00inadirection56.3counterclockwisefromthepositivex axis
E) 6.72inadirection34.4counterclockwisefromthepositivex-axis
Answer: C
Var:1
24) Vectors Aand Bareshowninthefigure.Whatis -5.00 A+4.00 B ?
A) 31.8
B) -32.0i
^
-2.00j
^
C) 1028
D) 34.0
E) -2.00i
^
-32.0j
^
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter4 KinematicsinTwoDimensions
1) Shownbelowarethevelocityandaccelerationvectorsforapersoninseveraldifferenttypesof
motion.Inwhichcaseisthepersonslowingdownandturningtohisright?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: B
Var:1
Chapter4:KinematicsinTwoDimensions
2) Whileanobjectisinprojectilemotion(withupwardbeingpositive)withnoairresistance
A) thehorizontalcomponentofitsvelocityremainsconstantandthehorizontalcomponent
ofitsaccelerationisequalto-g.
B) thehorizontalcomponentofitsvelocityremainsconstantandtheverticalcomponentof
itsaccelerationisequalto-g.
C) thehorizontalcomponentofitsvelocityremainsconstantandtheverticalcomponentof
itsaccelerationisequaltozero.
D) theverticalcomponentofbothitsvelocityanditsaccelerationremainconstant.
E) theverticalcomponentofitsvelocityremainsconstantandtheverticalcomponentofits
accelerationisequalto-g.
Answer: B
Var:1
3) Forgeneralprojectilemotion,whentheprojectileisatthehighestpointofitstrajectory
A) itsaccelerationiszero.
B) itsvelocityisperpendiculartotheacceleration.
C) itsvelocityandaccelerationarebothzero.
D) thehorizontalcomponentofitsvelocityiszero.
E) thehorizontalandverticalcomponentsofitsvelocityarezero.
Answer: B
Var:1
4) AliceandTomdivefromanoverhangintothelakebelow.Tomsimplydropsstraightdown
fromtheedge,butAlicetakesarunningstartandjumpswithaninitialhorizontalvelocityof
25m/s.Neitherpersonexperiencesanysignificantairresistance.Justastheyreachthelake
below
A) thespeedofAliceislargerthanthatofTom.
B) thesplashdownspeedofAliceislargerthanthatofTom.
C) theywillbothhavethesamespeed.
D) thespeedofTomwillalwaysbe9.8m/slargerthanthatofAlice.
E) thespeedofAlicewillalwaysbe25m/slargerthanthatofTom.
Answer: A
Var:1
5) AliceandTomdivefromanoverhangintothelakebelow.Tomsimplydropsstraightdown
fromtheedge,butAlicetakesarunningstartandjumpswithaninitialhorizontalvelocityof
25m/s.Neitherpersonexperiencesanysignificantairresistance.Comparethetimeittakes
eachofthemtoreachthelakebelow.
A) Alicereachesthesurfaceofthelakefirst.
B) Tomreachesthesurfaceofthelakefirst.
C) AliceandTomwillreachthesurfaceofthelakeatthesametime.
Answer: C
Var:1
6) JanandLenthrowidenticalrocksoffatallbuildingatthesametime.Thegroundnearthe
buildingisflat.Janthrowsherrockstraightdownward.Lenthrowshisrockdownwardand
outwardsuchthattheanglebetweentheinitialvelocityoftherockandthehorizonis30.Len
throwstherockwithaspeedtwicethatofJansrock.Ifairresistanceisnegligible,whichrock
hitsthegroundfirst?
A) Theyhitatthesametime.
B) Jansrockhitsfirst.
C) Lensrockhitsfirst.
D) Itisimpossibletoknowfromtheinformationgiven.
Answer: A
Var:1
7) Amonkeyissittingatthetopofatree20mabovegroundlevel.Apersonstandingonthe
groundwantstofeedthemonkey.Heusesabowandarrowtolaunchthefoodtothemonkey.
Ifthepersonknowsthatthemonkeyisgoingtodropfromthetreeatthesameinstantthatthe
personlaunchesthefood,howshouldthepersonaimthearrowcontainingthefood?Air
resistanceissmallenoughtobeignored.
A) Heshouldaimitatthemonkey.
B) Heshouldaimitbelowthemonkey.
C) Heshouldaimitabovethemonkey.
Answer: A
Var:1
8) Apilotdropsapackagefromaplaneflyinghorizontallyataconstantspeed.Neglectingair
resistance,whenthepackagehitsthegroundthehorizontallocationoftheplanewill
A) bebehindthepackage.
B) beoverthepackage.
C) beinfrontofthepackage.
D) dependofthespeedoftheplanewhenthepackagewasreleased.
Answer: B
Var:1
9) Foranobjectinuniformcircularmotion,itsvelocityandaccelerationvectorsarealways
perpendiculartoeachotherateverypointinthepath.
A) True
B) False
Answer: A
Var:1
10) Ifanobjecttravelsataconstantspeedinacircularpath,theaccelerationoftheobjectis
A) largerinmagnitudethesmallertheradiusofthecircle.
B) inthesamedirectionasthevelocityoftheobject.
C) smallerinmagnitudethesmallertheradiusofthecircle.
D) intheoppositedirectionofthevelocityoftheobject.
E) zero.
Answer: A
Var:1
11) PointPinthefigureindicatesthepositionofanobjecttravelingatconstantspeedclockwise
aroundthecircle.Whicharrowbestrepresentsthedirectionoftheaccelerationoftheobjectat
pointP?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: D
Var:1
12) Ifyousetthecruisecontrolofyourcartoacertainspeedandtakeaturn,thespeedofthecar
willremainthesame.Isthecaraccelerating?
A) Yes
B) No
Answer: A
Var:1
4.2 Problems
1) ObjectAhasapositionasafunctionoftimegivenby r
A
(t)=(3.00m/s)ti
^
+(1.00m/s
2
)t
2
j
^
.
ObjectBhasapositionasafunctionoftimegivenby r
B
(t)=(4.00m/s)ti
^
+(-1.00m/s
2
)t
2
j
^
.All
quantitiesareSIunits.WhatisthedistancebetweenobjectAandobjectBattime t=3.00s?
A) 34.6m
B) 15.0m
C) 18.3m
D) 3.46m
E) 29.8m
Answer: C
Var:5
2) Anobjecthasapositiongivenby r =[2.0m+(5.00m/s)t]i
^
+[3.0m-(2.00m/s
2
)t
2
]j
^
,where
quantitiesareinSIunits.Whatisthespeedoftheobjectattime t=2.00s?
A) 6.40m/s
B) 9.43m/s
C) 7.00m/s
D) 7.65m/s
E) 13.0m/s
Answer: B
Var:5
3) Anobjecthasapositiongivenby r =[2.0m+(3.00m/s)t]i
^
+[3.0m-(2.00m/s
2
)t
2
]j
^
,whereall
quantitiesareinSIunits.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheaccelerationoftheobjectattime t=2.00
s?
A) 1.00m/s
2
B) 0.00m/s
2
C) 0.522m/s
2
D) 4.00m/s
2
E) 2.00m/s
2
Answer: D
Var:5
4) ThehorizontalcoordinatesofaFrisbee
TM
inastrongwindaregivenby
x=-12t+4t
2
andy=10t-3t
2
,wherexandyareinmeters,andtisinseconds.
(a)WhatistheaccelerationoftheFrisbee?Giveamagnitudeandadirection,measuringangles
fromthepositivexdirection.
(b)Whatisthemagnitudeofthevelocityatt=2.0s,accuratetothenearestm/s?
Answer: (a)10m/s
2
,323
(b)4m/s
Var:1
5) Anelectronmoveswithaconstanthorizontalvelocityof3.010
6
m/sandnoinitialvertical
velocityasitentersadeflectorinsideaTVtube.Theelectronstrikesthescreenaftertraveling
17.0cmhorizontallyand40.0cmverticallyupwardwithnohorizontalacceleration.Whatis
theconstantverticalaccelerationprovidedbythedeflector?(Theeffectsofgravitycanbe
ignored.)
A) 2.510
14
m/s
2
B) 8.310
2
m/s
2
C) 1.410
4
m/s
2
D) 1.210
14
m/s
2
Answer: A
Var:50+
6) AhockeypuckslidesofftheedgeofatableatpointA withaninitialvelocityof20.0m/sand
experiencesnoairresistance.Theheightofthetabletopabovethegroundis2.00m.
(a)Whatisthespeed(notthevelocity)ofthepuckjustbeforeittouchestheground?
(b)WhatisthedistancebetweenpointAandthepointwherethepuckhitstheground?
Answer: (a)21.0m/s(b)12.9m
Var:1
7) Ahockeypuckslidesofftheedgeofatablewithaninitialvelocityof 28.0m/s.and
experiencesnoairresistance.Theheightofthetabletopabovethegroundis2.00m.Whatis
theanglebelowthehorizontalofthevelocityofthepuckjustbeforeithitstheground?
A) 77.2
B) 72.6
C) 12.8
D) 12.6
E) 31.8
Answer: D
Var:6
8) Aboythrowsarockwithaninitialvelocityof2.15 m/s at30.0 abovethehorizontal.Ifair
resistanceisnegligible,howlongdoesittakefortherocktoreachthemaximumheightofits
trajectory?
A) 0.110s
B) 0.194s
C) 0.215s
D) 0.303s
Answer: A
Var:50+
9) Whatisthemaximumdistancewecanshootadart,fromgroundlevel,providedourtoydart
gungivesamaximuminitialvelocityof2.78m/sandairresistanceisnegligible?
A) 0.789m
B) 1.58m
C) 1.39m
D) 0.394m
Answer: A
Var:50+
10) AcatapultistestedbyRomanlegionnaires.Theytabulatetheresultsinapapyrusand2000
yearslaterthearchaeologicalteamreads(distancestranslatedintomodernunits):
Range=0.20km;angleoflaunch=/4;landingheight=launchheight.Whatistheinitial
velocityoflaunchofthebouldersifairresistanceisnegligible?
A) 44m/s
B) 1.4m/s
C) 22m/s
D) 0.69m/s
Answer: A
Var:20
11) Ahobbyrocketreachesaheightof72.3 m andlands111 m fromthelaunchpointwithnoair
resistance.Whatwastheangleoflaunch?
A) 69.0
B) 67.4
C) 22.6
D) 44.8
Answer: A
Var:50+
12) Aballisthrownata60.0angleabovethehorizontalacrosslevelground.Itisthrownfroma
heightof2.00mabovethegroundwithaspeedof 20.0m/sandexperiencesnoappreciableair
resistance.Thetimetheballremainsintheairbeforestrikingthegroundisclosestto
A) 16.2s.
B) 3.07s.
C) 3.32s.
D) 3.53s.
E) 3.64s.
Answer: E
Var:5
13) Arockisthrownatawindowthatislocated18.0mabovetheground.Therockisthrownat
anangleof40.0abovehorizontal.Therockisthrownfromaheightof2.00mabovethe
groundwithaspeedof30.0m/sandexperiencesnoappreciableairresistance.Iftherock
strikesthewindowonitsupwardtrajectory,fromwhathorizontaldistancefromthewindow
wasitreleased?
A) 53.2m
B) 48.7m
C) 71.6m
D) 29.8m
E) 27.3m
Answer: E
Var:1
14) Anairplaneisflyingataspeedof2.0010
2
m/sinlevelflightatanaltitudeof8.0010
2
m.A
packageistobedroppedfromtheairplanetolandonatargetontheground.Ignoreair
resistance.
(a)Atwhathorizontaldistanceawayfromthetargetshouldthepackagebereleasedsothatit
landsonthetarget?
(b)Inwhatdirectionrelativetothehorizontalwillthepackagebetravelingwhenithitsthe
ground?
Answer: (a)2.56km(b)32.1belowthehorizontal
Var:1
15) Achildthrowsaballwithaninitialspeedof8.00m/satanangleof40.0abovethehorizontal.
Theballleavesherhand1.00mabovethegroundandexperiencenegligibleairresistance.
(a)Howfarfromwherethechildisstandingdoestheballhittheground?
(b)Howlongistheballinflightbeforeithitstheground?
Answer: (a)7.46m(b)1.22s
Var:1
16) Achildthrowsaballwithaninitialspeedof8.00m/satanangleof40.0abovethehorizontal.
Theballleavesherhand1.00mabovethegroundandexperiencenegligibleairresistance.
(a)Whatisthemagnitudeoftheballsvelocityjustbeforeithitstheground?
(b)Atwhatanglebelowthehorizontaldoestheballapproachtheground?
Answer: (a)9.14m/s(b)47.9
Var:1
17) Aprojectileisfiredfrompoint0 attheedgeofacliff,withinitialvelocitycomponentsof
0x
=60m/sand
0y
=175m/s,asshowninthefigure.Theprojectilerisesandthenfallsinto
theseaatpointP.Thetimeofflightoftheprojectileis40.0s,anditexperiencesnoappreciable
airresistanceinflight.Whatisthemagnitudeofthevelocityoftheprojectile21.0safteritis
fired?
Answer: 67.4m/s
Var:1
18) Aprojectileisfiredfrompoint0 attheedgeofacliff,withinitialvelocitycomponentsof v
0x
=
60.0m/sandv
0y
=175m/s,asshowninthefigure.Theprojectilerisesandthenfallsintothe
seaatpointP.Thetimeofflightoftheprojectileis40.0s,anditexperiencesnoappreciableair
resistanceinflight.Whatistheheightofthecliff?
Answer: 840m
Var:1
19) Ahikerthrowsastonefromtheupperedgeofaverticalcliff.Thestonesinitialvelocityis25.0
m/sdirectedat40.0withthefaceofthecliff,asshowninthefigure.Thestonehitstheground
3.75safterbeingthrownandfeelsnoappreciableairresistanceasitfalls.
(a)Whatistheheightofthecliff?
(b)Howfarfromthefootofthecliffdoesthestoneland?
(c)Howfastisthestonemovingjustbeforeithitstheground?
Answer: (a)141m(b)60.3m(c)58.2m/s
Var:1
20) Aprojectilereturnstoitsoriginalheight4.08safterbeinglaunched,duringwhichtimeit
travels76.2mhorizontally.Ifairresistancecanbeneglected,whatwastheprojectilesinitial
speed?
Answer: 27.4m/s
Var:1
21) Aplaneflyingat70.0m/ssuddenlystalls.Iftheaccelerationduringthestallis9.8m/s
2
directlydownward,thestalllasts5.0s,andtheplanewasoriginallyclimbingat25tothe
horizontal,whatisthevelocityafterthestall?
A) 66m/sat17belowthehorizontal
B) 66m/sat17abovethehorizontal
C) 80m/sat37belowthehorizontal
D) 80m/sat37abovethehorizontal
Answer: A
Var:1
22) Arescueplaneflyinghorizontallyat72.6 m/s spotsasurvivorintheocean182mdirectly
belowandreleasesanemergencykitwithaparachute..Becauseoftheshapeoftheparachute,
itexperiencesinsignificanthorizontalairresistance.Ifthekitdescendswithaconstantvertical
accelerationof5.82m/s
2
,howfarawayfromthesurvivorwillithitthewaves?
A) 574m
B) 4.54km
C) 406m
D) 602m
Answer: A
Var:50+
23) Anairplanefliesbetweentwopointsonthegroundthatare500kmapart.Thedestinationis
directlynorthoftheoriginationoftheflight.Theplaneflieswithanairspeedof120m/s.Ifa
constantwindblowsat10.0m/sduewestduringtheflight,whatdirectionmusttheplanefly
relativetonorthtoarriveatthedestination?
A) 4.78eastofnorth
B) 4.76eastofnorth
C) 85.2westofnorth
D) 4.78westofnorth
E) 4.76westofnorth
Answer: A
Var:1
24) Aplanehasaneastwardheadingataspeedof156m/s(relativetotheair).A20.0m/swindis
blowingsouthwardwhiletheplaneisflying.Thevelocityoftheplanerelativetothegroundis
A) 157m/satanangle7.31southofeast.
B) 157m/satanangle7.31eastofsouth.
C) 155m/satanangle7.36southofeast.
D) 155m/satanangle7.36eastofsouth.
E) 157m/satanangle7.36southofeast.
Answer: A
Var:1
25) Aswimmerheadingdirectlyacrossariver200mwidereachestheoppositebankin 6min40s,
duringwhichtimesheissweptdownstream480m.
(a)Howfastcansheswiminstillwater?
(b)Whatisthespeedofthecurrent?
Var:1
26) Asmallboatismovingatavelocityof3.35 m/s whenitisacceleratedbyarivercurrent
perpendiculartotheinitialdirectionofmotion.Iftheaccelerationofthecurrentis0.750m/s
2
,
whatwillbethenewvelocityoftheboatafter33.5s?
A) 25.3m/sat82.4frominitialdirectionofmotion
B) 25.3m/sat7.59frominitialdirectionofmotion
C) 640.1m/sat82.4frominitialdirectionofmotion
D) 640.1m/sat7.59frominitialdirectionofmotion
Answer: A
Var:50+
27) Youwanttoswimstraightacrossariverthatis 76m wide.Youfindthatyoucandothisifyou
swimatanangleof=28fromtheupstreamdirectionataconstantrateof1.5m/srelativeto
thewater.Atwhatratedoestheriverflow?Theangle ismeasuredfromtheriverbank
(directlyupstreamis=0whiledirectlyacrosstheriveris=90).
A) 1.3m/s
B) 0.70m/s
C) 1.6m/s
D) 1.8m/s
Answer: A
Var:14
28) Along-distanceswimmerisabletoswimthroughstillwaterat4.0km/h.Shewishestotryto
swimfromPortAngeles,Washington,directlynorthtoVictoria,BritishColumbia,adistance
of50km.AnoceancurrentflowsthroughtheStraitofJuandeFucafromwesttoeastat3.0
km/h.Inwhatdirection(relativetonorth)shouldsheswimtomakethecrossingalonga
straightlinebetweenthetwocities?
A) 37westofnorth
B) 37eastofnorth
C) 41westofnorth
D) 41eastofnorth
E) 49westofnorth
Answer: E
Var:1
29) Aplanefliesdirectlybetweentwocities,A andB,whichareseparatedby2300mi.From A to
B,theplanefliesintoa65mi/hheadwind.OnthereturntripfromBtoA,thewindvelocityis
unchanged.ThetripfromBtoAtakes65minlessthanthetripfromAtoB.Whatisthe
airspeedoftheplane,assumingitisthesameinbothdirections?
A) 530mi/h
B) 400mi/h
C) 480mi/h
D) 610mi/h
Answer: A
Var:31
30) Acartismovingwithaconstanthorizontalvelocityof5.00m/s.Asmallpebbleislaunched
fromthefrontofthecartwithavelocityof8.00m/sat60.0abovethehorizontalasmeasured
relativetothecart(seefigure)andexperiencesnosignificantairresistance.Justasthepebble
returnstothelevelfromwhichitwaslaunched,itsdistancefromthefrontofthecartisclosest
to
A) 2.83m.
B) 4.60m.
C) 5.66m.
D) 9.19m.
E) 11.3m.
Answer: C
Var:1
31) Aballistiedtotheendofacableofnegligiblemass.Theballisspuninacirclewitharadius
2.00mmaking7.00revolutionsevery10.0seconds.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheacceleration
oftheball?
A) 67.9m/s
2
B) 38.7m/s
2
C) 29.3m/s
2
D) 14.8m/s
2
E) 74.2m/s
2
Answer: B
Var:1
32) Anelectricalmotorspinsataconstant2857.0 rev/min. Ifthearmatureradiusis2.685cm, what
istheaccelerationoftheouteredgeofthearmature?
A) 2403m/s
2
B) 844.4m/s
2
C) 241,100m/s
2
D) 84.40m/s
2
Answer: A
Var:50+
33) Asatelliteorbitstheearthadistanceof1.5010
7
mabovetheplanetssurfaceandtakes8.65
hoursforeachrevolutionabouttheearth.Theearthsradiusis6.3810
6
m.Theacceleration
ofthissatelliteisclosestto
A) 0.0690m/s
2
.
B) 0.870m/s
2
.
C) 1.91m/s
2
.
D) 2.72m/s
2
.
E) 9.80m/s
2
.
Answer: B
Var:1
34) Anaircraftperformsamaneuvercalledanaileronroll.Duringthismaneuver,theplane
turnslikeascrewasitmaintainsastraightflightpath,whichsetsthewingsincircularmotion.
Ifittakesit35stocompletethecircleandthewingspanoftheplaneis11m,whatisthe
accelerationofthewingtip?
A) 0.18m/s
2
B) 0.99m/s
2
C) 5.6m/s
2
D) 1.0m/s
2
Answer: A
Var:50+
35) AnobjectmovesinacircleofradiusR atconstantspeedwithaperiodT.Ifyouwantto
changeonlytheperiodinordertocuttheobjectsaccelerationinhalf,thenewperiodshould
be
A) T/4.
B) T/2.
C) T/ 2.
D) T 2.
E) 4T.
Answer: D
Var:1
36) Awindfarmgeneratorusesatwo-bladedpropeller(seefigure)mountedonapylonata
heightof20m.Thelengthofeachpropellerbladeis12m.Asmallpiecefromthetipofthe
propellerbreaksoffwhenthepropellerisvertical.Atthatinstant,theperiodofthemotionof
thepropelleris1.2s.Thefragmentfliesoffhorizontally,fallswithnegligibleairresistance,and
strikesthegroundatP.
(a)HowfarispointPfromthebaseofthepylon?
(b)Atwhatanglewithrespecttotheverticalisthefragmentmovingjustasitstrikesthe
groundatP?
Answer: (a)160m(b)68
Var:1
37) Adisk-shapedspacestation175mindiameterspinsuniformlyaboutanaxisperpendicularto
theplaneofthediskthroughitscenter.Howmanyrpm(rev/min)mustthisdiskmakesothat
theaccelerationofallpointsonitsrimisg/2?
Answer: 2.26rev/min
Var:1
38) Twoparticles,AandB,areinuniformcircularmotionaboutacommoncenter.The
accelerationofparticleAis8.5timesthatofparticleB.TheperiodofparticleBis2.0timesthe
periodofparticleA.TheratiooftheradiusofthemotionofparticleAtothatofparticleBis
closestto
A) r
A
/r
B
=2.1.
B) r
A
/r
B
=4.3.
C) r
A
/r
B
=18.
D) r
A
/r
B
=0.24.
E) r
A
/r
B
=17.
Answer: A
Var:50+
Chapter5 ForceandMotion
1) PointPinthefigureindicatesthepositionofanobjecttravelingatconstantspeedclockwise
aroundthecircle.Whicharrowbestrepresentthedirectiontheobjectwouldtravelifthenet
externalforceonitweresuddenlyreducedtozero?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: D
Var:1
2) Anobjectismovingtotheright,andexperiencinganetforcethatisdirectedtotheright.The
magnitudeoftheforceisdecreasingwithtime.Thespeedoftheobjectis
A) increasing.
B) decreasing.
C) constantintime.
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter5:ForceandMotion
3) Astalledcarisbeingpushedupahillatconstantvelocitybythreepeople.Thenetforceonthe
caris
A) zero.
B) upthehillandequaltotheweightofthecar.
C) downthehillandequaltotheweightofthecar.
D) upthehillandgreaterthantheweightofthecar.
E) downthehillandgreaterthantheweightofthecar.
Answer: A
Var:1
4) A615Nstudentstandingonascaleinanelevatornoticesthatthescalereads645N.Fromthis
information,thestudentknowsthattheelevatormustbemoving
A) downward.
B) upward.
C) Youcannottellifitismovingupwardordownward.
Answer: C
Var:1
5) Acarisbeingtowedatconstantvelocityonahorizontalroadusingahorizontalchain.The
tensioninthechainmustbeequaltotheweightofthecarinordertomaintainconstant
velocity.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
6) Youarestandinginamovingbus,facingforward,andyousuddenlyfallforwardasthebus
comestoanimmediatestop.Theforceactingonyouthatcausesyoutofallforwardis
A) theforceofgravity.
B) thenormalforceduetoyourcontactwiththefloorofthebus.
C) theforceduetostaticfrictionbetweenyouandthefloorofthebus.
D) theforceduetokineticfrictionbetweenyouandthefloorofthebus.
E) Noforceswereactingonyoutocauseyoutofall.
Answer: E
Var:1
7) Whichoneofthefollowingfree-bodydiagramsbestrepresentsthefree-bodydiagram,with
correctrelativeforcemagnitudes,ofapersoninanelevatorthatistravelingupwardwithan
unchangingvelocity? F
f
istheforceoftheflooronthepersonand F
g
istheforceofgravityon
theperson.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: B
Var:1
8) Whichoneofthefollowingfree-bodydiagramsbestrepresentsthefree-bodydiagram,with
correctrelativeforcemagnitudes,ofapersoninanelevatorthatistravelingupwardbutis
graduallyslowingdownatarateof9m/s
2
? F
f
istheforceoftheflooronthepersonand F
g
is
theforceofgravityontheperson.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: B
Var:1
9) Acrateisslidingdownaninclinedrampataconstantspeedof0.55m/s.Thevectorsumofall
theforcesactingonthiscratemustpointdowntheramp.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
10) Awomanisstrainingtoliftalargecrate,withoutsuccessbecauseitistooheavy.Wedenote
theforcesonthecrateasfollows:Pistheupwardforcethewomanexertsonthecrate,Cisthe
verticalcontactforceexertedonthecratebythefloor,and Wistheweightofthecrate.How
arethemagnitudesoftheseforcesrelatedwhilethewomanistryingunsuccessfullytoliftthe
crate?
A) P+C=W
B) P+C<W
C) P+C>W
D) P=C
Answer: A
Var:1
11) Supposetheforceoftheairdragonanobjectisproportionaltothespeedoftheobjectandin
thedirectionoppositetheobjectsvelocity.Ifyouthrowanobjectupward,themagnitudeofits
accelerationisgreatest
A) rightaftertheobjectisreleased.
B) atthetopofitstrajectory.
C) Theaccelerationoftheobjectisthesamethroughouttheentiretrajectory.
Answer: A
Var:1
12) Anobjectismovingforwardwithaconstantvelocity.Whichstatementaboutthisobject
MUSTbetrue?
A) Thenetforceontheobjectiszero.
B) Thenetforceontheobjectisintheforwarddirection.
C) Noforcesareactingontheobject.
D) Theaccelerationoftheobjectisintheforwarddirection.
Answer: A
Var:1
13) Supposeyouareplayinghockeyonanewageicesurfaceforwhichthereisnofriction
betweentheiceandthehockeypuck.Youwindupandhitthepuckashardasyoucan.After
thepucklosescontactwithyourstick,thepuckwill
A) starttoslowdown.
B) notslowdownorspeedup.
C) speedupalittle,andthenslowdown.
D) speedupalittle,andthenmoveataconstantspeed.
Answer: B
Var:1
14) Aballistossedverticallyupward.Whenitreachesitshighestpoint(beforefallingback
downward)
A) thevelocityiszero,theaccelerationisdirecteddownward,andtheforceofgravityacting
ontheballisdirecteddownward.
B) thevelocityiszero,theaccelerationiszero,andtheforceofgravityactingontheballis
zero.
C) thevelocityiszero,theaccelerationiszero,andtheforceofgravityactingontheballis
directeddownward.
D) thevelocityandaccelerationreversedirection,buttheforceofgravityontheball
remainsdownward.
E) thevelocity,acceleration,andtheforceofgravityontheballallreversedirection.
Answer: A
Var:1
15) Adogisstandinginthebedofapickuptruck.Thebediscoatedwithice,causingtheforceof
frictionbetweenthedogandthetrucktobezero.Thetruckisinitiallyatrest,andthen
acceleratestotheright,movingalongaflatroad.Asseenfromastationaryobserver(watching
thetruckmovetotheright),thedog
A) doesnotmoveleftorright,butthebackofthetruckmovestowardsthedog.
B) movestotheright,butnotasquicklyasthetruckismovingtotheright,causingitto
slidetowardsthebackofthetruck.
C) movestotherightatthesamerateasthetruck,soitdoesntslide.
D) movestotheleft,asthetruckmovestotheright,causingthedogtoslidetowardsthe
backofthetruck.
Answer: A
Var:1
16) Youareseatedinabusandnoticethatahandstrapthatishangingfromtheceilinghangs
awayfromtheverticalinthebackwarddirection.Fromthisobservation,youcanconclude
that
A) thevelocityofthebusisforward.
B) thevelocityofthebusisbackward.
C) Youcannotconcludeanythingaboutthedirectionofthevelocityofthebus.
Answer: C
Var:1
5.2 Problems
1) Ifa5.0kgboxispulledsimultaneouslybya10.0Nforceanda5.0Nforce,thenitsacceleration
mustbe
A) 3.0m/s
2
.
B) 2.2m/s
2
.
C) 1.0m/s
2
.
D) Wecannottellfromtheinformationgiven.
Answer: D
Var:1
2) Thefigureshowsanacceleration-versus-forcegraphforthreeobjectspulledbyrubberbands.
Themassofobject2is36kg.Whatarethemassesofobjects1and3?
A) 14kgand90kg
B) 72kgand18kg
C) 90kgand18kg
D) 14kgand72kg
Answer: A
Var:50+
3) A7.0-kgobjectisactedonbytwoforces.Oneoftheforcesis10.0Nactingtowardtheeast.
Whichofthefollowingforcesistheotherforceiftheaccelerationoftheobjectis1.0m/s
2
towardtheeast?
A) 6.0Neast
B) 3.0Nwest
C) 12Neast
D) 9.0Nwest
E) 7.0Nwest
Answer: B
Var:1
4) An1100-kgcartravelingat27.0m/sstartstoslowdownandcomestoacompletestopin578
m.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheaveragebrakingforceactingonthecar?
A) 690N
B) 550N
C) 410N
D) 340N
Answer: A
Var:1
5) Onitsown,acertaintow-truckhasamaximumaccelerationof3.0m/s
2
.Whatwouldbethe
maximumaccelerationwhenthistruckwastowingabusoftwiceitsownmass?
A) 2.5m/s
2
B) 2.0m/s
2
C) 1.5m/s
2
D) 1.0m/s
2
Answer: D
Var:1
6) Achildonasledstartsfromrestatthetopofa15slope.Ifthetriptothebottomtakes 15.2 s
howlongistheslope?Assumethatfrictionalforcesmaybeneglected.
A) 293m
B) 586m
C) 1130m
D) 147m
Answer: A
Var:50+
7) Thefigureshowstwoforcesactingatrightanglesonanobject.TheyhavemagnitudesF
1
= 6.3
NandF
2
=2.1N.Whatthirdforcewillcausetheobjecttobeinequilibrium(acceleration
equalszero)?
A) 6.6Nat162counterclockwisefrom F
1
B) 6.6Nat108counterclockwisefrom F
1
C) 4.2Nat162counterclockwisefrom F
1
D) 4.2Nat108counterclockwisefrom F
1
Answer: A
Var:24
8) Thefigureshowstwoforces,eachofmagnitude 4.6 N,actingonanobject.Theanglebetween
theseforcesis40,andtheymakeequalanglesaboveandbelowthehorizontal.Whatthird
forcewillcausetheobjecttobeinequilibrium(accelerationequalszero)?
A) 8.6Npointingtotheright
B) 7.0Npointingtotheright
C) 4.3Npointingtotheright
D) 3.5Npointingtotheright
Answer: A
Var:50+
9) Anobjectweighing4.00Nfallsfromrestsubjecttoafrictionaldragforcegivenby F
drag
=
bv
2
,wherevisthespeedoftheobjectandb=3.00Ns
2
/m
2
.
Whatterminalspeedwillthis
objectapproach?
A) 1.78m/s
B) 3.42m/s
C) 1.15m/s
D) 2.25m/s
E) 0.75m/s
Answer: C
Var:1
10) Thefigureshowsagraphoftheaccelerationofa125-gobjectasafunctionofthenetforce
actingonit.WhatistheaccelerationatpointsAandB?
Answer: A:16m/s
2
,B:4.0m/s
2
Var:1
11) Thefigureshowsagraphoftheaccelerationofanobjectasafunctionofthenetforceactingon
it.Themassofthisobject,ingrams,isclosestto
A) 130.
B) 11.
C) 89.
D) 8000.
Answer: A
Var:1
12) Twoforcesactona55-kgobject.Oneforcehasmagnitude65Ndirected59clockwisefrom
thepositivex-axis,andtheotherhasamagnitude35Nat32clockwisefromthepositive
y-axis.Whatisthemagnitudeofthisobjectsacceleration?
A) 1.1m/s
2
B) 1.3m/s
2
C) 1.5m/s
2
D) 1.7m/s
2
Answer: A
Var:46
13) Thefigureshowstwoforcesactingonanobject,withmagnitudesF
1
= 78Nand
F
2
=26N.Whatthirdforcewillcausetheobjecttobeinequilibrium(accelerationequals
zero)?
A) 52Npointingdown
B) 52Npointingup
C) 82Npointingdown
D) 82Npointingup
Answer: A
Var:23
14) Thegraphinthefigureshowsthex componentoftheaccelerationofa2.4-kgobjectasa
functionoftime(inms).
(a)Atwhattime(s)doesthexcomponentofthenetforceontheobjectreachitsmaximum
magnitude,andwhatisthatmaximummagnitude?
(b)Whatisthexcomponentofthenetforceontheobjectattimet=0.0msandatt=4.0ms?
Answer: (a)At3.0ms,48N(b)12N, -24N
Var:1
15) Thegraphinthefigureshowsthenetforceactingona3.0-kgobjectasafunctionoftime.
(a)Whatistheaccelerationofthisobjectattime t=2.0s?
(b)Draw,toscale,agraphoftheaccelerationofthisobjectasafunctionoftimeovertherange
t=0.00stot=7.0s.
Answer: (a)2.0m/s
2
(b)Theacceleration-timegraphlooksthesameastheforce-timegraphexceptonthe
verticalaxisthenumbers(startingat2.0)arereplacedby0.67,1.3,2.0,2.7,3.3,and4.0.
Var:1
Chapter6 DynamicsI:MotionAlongaLine
1) Aboxofmassmispulledwithaconstantaccelerationa alongahorizontalfrictionlessfloorby
awirethatmakesanangleof15abovethehorizontal.If Tisthetensioninthiswire,then
A) T=ma.
B) T>ma.
C) T<ma.
Answer: B
Var:1
2) Twoobjects,eachofweightW,hangverticallybyspringscalesasshowninthefigure.The
pulleysandthestringsattachedtotheobjectshavenegligibleweight,andthereisno
appreciablefrictioninthepulleys.Thereadingineachscaleis
A) W.
B) morethanW,butnotquitetwiceasmuch.
C) lessthanW.
D) 2W.
E) morethan2W.
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter6:DynamicsI:MotionAlongaLine
3) Afishweighing16Nisweighedusingtwospringscales,eachofnegligibleweight,asshown
inthefigure.Whatwillbethereadingsofthescales?
A) Thebottomscalewillread16N,andthetopscalewillreadzero.
B) Eachscalewillread16N.
C) Thetopscalewillread16N,andthebottomscalewillreadzero.
D) Thescaleswillhavedifferentreadings,butthesumofthetworeadingswillbe16N.
E) Eachscalewillread8N.
Answer: B
Var:1
4) Twoobjectshavemassesmand5m,respectively.Theybothareplacedsidebysideona
frictionlessinclinedplaneandallowedtoslidedownfromrest.
A) Ittakesthelighterobject5timeslongertoreachthebottomoftheinclinethanthe
heavierobject.
B) Ittakesthelighterobject10timeslongertoreachthebottomoftheinclinethanthe
heavierobject.
C) Ittakestheheavierobject5timeslongertoreachthebottomoftheinclinethanthe
lighterobject.
D) Ittakestheheavierobject10timeslongertoreachthebottomoftheinclinethanthe
lighterobject.
E) Thetwoobjectsreachthebottomoftheinclineatthesametime.
Answer: E
Var:1
5) Aboxslidesdownafrictionlessplaneinclinedatanangle abovethehorizontal.The
gravitationalforceontheboxisdirected
A) paralleltotheplaneinthesamedirectionasthemovementofthebox.
B) paralleltotheplaneintheoppositedirectionasthemovementofthebox.
C) perpendiculartotheplane.
D) vertically.
E) atananglebelowtheinclinedplane.
Answer: D
Var:1
6) Abrickisrestingonaroughinclineasshowninthefigure.Thefrictionforceactingonthe
brick,alongtheincline,is
A) zero.
B) equaltotheweightofthebrick.
C) greaterthantheweightofthebrick.
D) lessthantheweightofthebrick.
Answer: D
Var:1
7) Whenaparachutistjumpsfromanairplane,heeventuallyreachesaconstantspeed,calledthe
terminalspeed.Oncehehasreachedterminalspeed
A) hisaccelerationisequaltog.
B) theforceofairdragonhimisequaltozero.
C) theforceofairdragonhimisequaltog.
D) hisspeedisequaltog.
E) theforceofairdragonhimisequaltohisweight.
Answer: E
Var:1
6.2 Problems
1) Ablockliesonahorizontalfrictionlesssurface.Ahorizontalforceof100Nisappliedtothe
blockgivingrisetoanaccelerationof3.0m/s
2
.
(a)Determinethemassoftheblock.
(b)Calculatethedistancetheblockwilltraveliftheforceisappliedfor10s.
(c)Calculatethespeedoftheblockaftertheforcehasbeenappliedfor10s.
Answer: (a)33kg(b)150m(c)30m/s
Var:1
2) Thefollowingfourforcesactona4.00kgobject:
F
1
=300Neast
F
2
=700Nnorth
F
3
=500Nwest
F
4
=600Nsouth
Whatistheaccelerationoftheobject?
A) 224Ninadirection63.4northofwest
B) 300Ninadirection63.4northofwest
C) 300Ninadirection26.6northofwest
D) 224Ninadirection26.6northofwest
E) 2100Ninadirection26.6northofwest
Answer: D
Var:1
3) A50.0-Nboxisslidingonaroughhorizontalfloor,andtheonlyhorizontalforceactingonitis
friction.Youobservethatatoneinstanttheboxisslidingtotherightat1.75m/sandthatit
stopsin2.25swithuniformacceleration.Whatmagnitudeforcedoesfrictionexertonthisbox?
A) 3.97N
B) 8.93N
C) 38.9N
D) 50.0N
E) 490N
Answer: A
Var:1
4) Ablockisonafrictionlesshorizontaltable,onearth.Thisblockacceleratesat1.9m/s
2
whena
90Nhorizontalforceisappliedtoit.Theblockandtablearethensetuponthemoonwhere
theaccelerationduetogravityis1.62m/s
2
.Whatistheweightoftheblockonthemoon?
A) 77N
B) 67N
C) 58N
D) 48N
E) 39N
Answer: A
Var:50+
5) Ablockisonafrictionlesshorizontaltable,onearth.Thisblockacceleratesat3.6m/s
2
whena
90Nhorizontalforceisappliedtoit.Theblockandtablearethensetuponthemoonwhere
theaccelerationduetogravityis1.62m/s
2
.Ahorizontalforceof45Nisappliedtotheblock
whenitisonthemoon.Whataccelerationdoesthisforceimparttotheblock?
A) 1.8m/s
2
B) 1.6m/s
2
C) 2.0m/s
2
D) 2.2m/s
2
E) 2.3m/s
2
Answer: A
Var:50+
6) A10,000-kgrocketblastsofffromearthwithauniformupwardaccelerationof2.00m/s
2
and
feelsnoairresistance.Theupwardthrustforceitsenginesmustprovideduringthis
accelerationisclosestto
A) 20,000N.
B) 980,000N.
C) 118,000N.
D) 78,000N.
Answer: C
Var:1
7) 15) Bumpersoncarsarenotofmuchuseinacollision.Toseewhy,calculatetheaverageforce
abumperwouldhavetoexertifitbroughta1200-kgcar(aso-calledcompactmodel)toarest
in15cmwhenthecarhadaninitialspeedof2.0m/s(about4.5mph).(Bumpersarebuiltwith
springsthatcompresstoprovideastoppingforcewithout,hopefully,dentingthemetal.)
A) 1.810
4
N
B) 1.610
4
N
C) 5.410
4
N
D) 6.510
5
N
E) 3.210
4
N
Answer: B
Var:1
8) Aboxofmass50kgisatrestonahorizontalfrictionlesssurface.Aconstanthorizontalforce F
thenactsontheboxandacceleratesittotheright.Itisobservedthatittakesthebox 6.9
secondstotravel28meters.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheforce?
Answer: 59N
Var:50+
9) A1000-kgcarisdrivingtowardthenorthalongastraighthorizontalroadataspeedof20.0
m/s.Thedriverappliesthebrakesandthecarcomestoarestuniformlyinadistanceof 200 m.
Whatarethemagnitudeanddirectionofthenetforceappliedtothecartobringittorest?
A) 1.00Nnorth
B) 10.010
3
Nsouth
C) 1.0010
3
Nsouth
D) 1.00Nsouth
E) 100Nsouth
Answer: C
Var:5
10) Aconstructionworkerpullsaboxoftoolsonasmoothhorizontalfloorwithaforceof100N
inadirectionof37.0abovethehorizontal.Themassoftheboxandthetoolsis40.0kg.
(a)Drawafree-bodydiagramforthebox.
(b)Calculatetheaccelerationofthebox.
(c)Howharddoesthefloorpushuponthebox?
Answer: (a)Theboxisactedonbytheforceofgravitywhichpointsdownwardtowardthe
centeroftheearth.Thenormalforceisdirectedtowardtheboxperpendiculartothe
surfaceofthefloor.Thepullingforceisdirectedawayfromtheboxatanangle37.0
degreesabovethehorizontal.
(b)2.00m/s
2
(c)332N
Var:1
11) A60.0-kgpersonridesinanelevatorwhilestandingonascale.Thescalereads400N.The
accelerationoftheelevatorisclosestto
A) 3.13m/s
2
downward.
B) 6.67m/s
2
downward.
C) zero.
D) 9.80m/s
2
downward.
E) 6.67m/s
2
upward.
Answer: A
Var:1
12) A60.0-kgpersonridesinelevatorwhilestandingonascale.Theelevatoristraveling
downwardbutslowingdownatarateof2.00m/s
2
.Thereadingonthescaleisclosestto
A) 589N.
B) 708N.
C) 469N.
D) 120N.
E) 349N.
Answer: B
Var:1
13) Ablockisgivenaverybriefpushupa20.0frictionlessinclinetogiveitaninitialspeedof
12.0m/s.
(a)Howfaralongthesurfaceoftheplanedoestheblockslidebeforecomingtorest?
(b)Howmuchtimedoesittaketoreturntoitsstartingposition?
Answer: (a)21.5m (b)7.16s
Var:1
14) A50.0-kgboxrestsonahorizontalsurface.Thecoefficientofstaticfrictionbetweenthebox
andthesurfaceis0.300andthecoefficientofkineticfrictionis0.200.Whatisthefrictionforce
ontheboxif
(a)ahorizontal140-Npushisappliedtoit?
(b)ahorizontal175-Npushisappliedtoit?
Answer: (a)140N(b)98.0N
Var:1
15) Inashuffleboardgame,thepuckslidesatotalof12m beforecomingtorest.Ifthecoefficient
ofkineticfrictionbetweenthepuckandthehorizontalboardis0.28,whatwastheinitialspeed
ofthepuck?
A) 8.1m/s
B) 29.0m/s
C) 6.5m/s
D) 7.3m/s
Answer: A
Var:31
16) Adriverina1000kgcartravelingat20 m/s slamsonthebrakesandskidstoastop.Ifthe
coefficientoffrictionbetweenthetiresandthehorizontalroadis0.80,howlongwilltheskid
marksbe?
A) 26m
B) 21m
C) 33m
D) 24m
Answer: A
Var:27
17) Jasontakesofffromrestacrosslevelwateronhisjet-poweredskis.Thecombinedmassof
Jasonandhisskisis75kg(themassofthefuelisnegligible).Theskishaveathrustof200N
andacoefficientofkineticfrictiononwaterof0.10.Unfortunately,theskisrunoutoffuelafter
only48s.WhatisJasonstopspeed?
A) 81m/s
B) 130m/s
C) 13m/s
D) 48m/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
18) Jasontakesofffromrestacrosslevelwateronhisjet-poweredskis.Thecombinedmassof
Jasonandhisskisis75kg(themassofthefuelisnegligible).Theskishaveathrustof200N
andacoefficientofkineticfrictiononwaterof0.10.Unfortunately,theskisrunoutoffuelafter
only67s.HowfarhasJasontraveledwhenhefinallycoaststoastop?
A) 10,000m
B) 7600m
C) 5400m
D) 3800m
Answer: A
Var:50+
19) Kierantakesofffromrestdowna50mhigh,10 slopeonhisjet-poweredskis.Theskishavea
thrustof280Nparalleltothesurfaceoftheslope.ThecombinedmassofskisandKieranis50
kg(thefuelmassisnegligible).Kieransspeedatthebottomis40m/s.Whatisthecoefficient
ofkineticfrictionofhisskisonsnow?
A) 0.47
B) 0.58
C) 0.23
D) 0.29
Answer: A
Var:34
20) Afactoryrobotdropsa10kgcomputerontoaconveyorbeltrunningat 3.1m/s.Thematerials
aresuchthat
s
=0.50and
k
=0.30betweenthebeltandthecomputer.Howfaristhe
computerdraggedbeforeitisridingsmoothlyonthebelt?
A) 1.6m
B) 0.98m
C) 2.3m
D) 3.0m
Answer: A
Var:50+
21) Youpushdownwardonaboxatanangle25belowthehorizontalwithaforceof750N.Ifthe
boxisonaflathorizontalsurfaceforwhichthecoefficientofstaticfrictionwiththeboxis0.76,
whatisthemassoftheheaviestboxyouwillbeabletomove?
A) 59kg
B) 68kg
C) 54kg
D) 82kg
Answer: A
Var:31
22) Apersonisdraggingapackingcrateofmass100kgacrossaroughhorizontalfloorwherethe
coefficientofkineticfrictionis0.400.HeexertsaforceFsufficienttoacceleratethecrate
forward.Atwhatangleabovehorizontalshouldhispullingforcebedirectedinorderto
achievethemaximumacceleration?
A) 21.8
B) 27.7
C) 30
D) 34.5
E) 45
Answer: A
Var:1
23) Apackingcraterestsonahorizontalsurface.Itisactedonbythreehorizontalforces:600Nto
theleft,200Ntotheright,andfriction.Theweightofthecrateis400N.Ifthe600-Nforceis
removed,theresultantforceactingonthecrateis
A) zero.
B) 200Ntotheright.
C) 200Ntotheleft.
D) 400Ntotheleft.
E) impossibletodeterminefromtheinformationgiven.
Answer: A
Var:1
24) A6.0kgboxslidesdownaninclinedplanethatmakesanangleof39 withthehorizontal.If
thecoefficientofkineticfrictionis0.19,atwhatratedoestheboxacceleratedowntheslope?
A) 4.7m/s
2
B) 5.2m/s
2
C) 5.5m/s
2
D) 6.2m/s
2
Answer: A
Var:50+
25) A200ghockeypuckislaunchedupametalrampthatisinclinedata30angle.The
coefficientsofstaticandkineticfrictionbetweenthehockeypuckandthemetalrampare
s
=
0.40and
k
=0.30,respectively.Thepucksinitialspeedis63m/s.Whatverticalheightdoes
thepuckreachaboveitsstartingpoint?
A) 130m
B) 270m
C) 200m
D) 66m
Answer: A
Var:50+
26) A200ghockeypuckislaunchedupametalrampthatisinclinedata30angle.The
coefficientsofstaticandkineticfrictionbetweenthehockeypuckandthemetalrampare
s
=
0.40and
k
=0.30,respectively.Thepucksinitialspeedis4.9m/s.Whatspeeddoesithave
whenitslidesbackdowntoitsstartingpoint?
A) 2.8m/s
B) 3.5m/s
C) 4.2m/s
D) 4.9m/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
27) A4.00-kgblockrestsona30.0inclineasshowninthefigure.Ifthecoefficientofstatic
frictionbetweentheblockandtheinclineis0.700,whatmagnitudehorizontalforce Fmustact
ontheblocktostartitmovinguptheincline?
A) 34.0N
B) 51.1N
C) 54.7N
D) 84.0N
E) 76.4N
Answer: D
Var:1
28) Aboxisslidingdownaninclinetiltedata 12.0 angleabovehorizontal.Theboxisinitially
slidingdowntheinclineataspeedof 1.50m/s.Thecoefficientofkineticfrictionbetweenthe
boxandtheinclineis0.340.Howfardoestheboxslidedowntheinclinebeforecomingto
rest?
A) 0.920m
B) 2.33m
C) 1.78m
D) 0.720m
E) Theboxdoesnotstop.Itacceleratesdowntheplane.
Answer: A
Var:5
29) A50.0-kgblockisbeingpulledupa16.0 slopebyaforceof250Nwhichisparalleltothe
slope.Thecoefficientofkineticfrictionbetweentheblockandtheslopeis0.200.Whatisthe
magnitudeoftheaccelerationoftheblock?
A) 0.528m/s
2
B) 0.158m/s
2
C) 0.412m/s
2
D) 0.983m/s
2
E) 0.260m/s
2
Answer: C
Var:5
30) Inthefigure,aT-barskitowpullsaskierupahillinclinedat10abovehorizontal.Theskier
startsfromrestandispulledbyacablethatexertsatension Tatanangleof30abovethe
surfaceofthehill.Themassoftheskieris60kgandtheeffectivecoefficientofkineticfriction
betweentheskisandthesnowis0.100.Whatisthemaximumtensioninthecableifthe
startingaccelerationisnottoexceed0.400g?
A) 246N
B) 366N
C) 431N
D) 187N
E) 535N
Answer: C
Var:1
31) A250-kgcrateisonaroughramp,inclinedat30abovethehorizontal.Thecoefficientof
kineticfrictionbetweenthecrateandrampis0.22.Ahorizontalforceof5000Nisappliedto
thecrate,pushingituptheramp.Whatistheaccelerationofthecrate?
A) 8.4m/s
2
B) 10m/s
2
C) 12m/s
2
D) 13m/s
2
E) 3.4m/s
2
Answer: A
Var:1
32) Atrafficlightweighing100Nissupportedbytworopesasshowninthefigure.Thetensions
intheropesareclosestto
A) 50N.
B) 56N.
C) 63N.
D) 66N.
E) 83N.
Answer: E
Var:1
33) Inthefigure,ablockofmassM hangsatrest.Theropethatisfastenedtothewallishorizontal
andhasatensionoff52N.Theropethatisfastenedtotheceilinghasatensionof 91N,and
makesananglewiththeceiling.Whatistheangle?
A) 55
B) 35
C) 30
D) 63
E) 45
Answer: A
Var:50+
34) Themagnitudeofthedragforceofairresistanceonacertain20.0-kgobjectisproportionalto
itsspeed.Iftheobjecthasaterminalspeed80.0m/s,whatisthemagnitudeofthedragforce
ontheobjectwhenitisfallingwithaspeed30.0m/s?
A) 196N
B) 7.50N
C) 15.0N
D) 73.5N
E) 42.7N
Answer: D
Var:1
35) A30.0-kgobjectexperiencesadragforceduetoairresistancewithamagnitudeproportional
tothesquareofitsspeed.Theobjectfallswithanaccelerationof4.00m/s
2
downwardwhenit
isfallingdownwardat70.0m/s.Whatisitsterminalspeed?
A) 110m/s
B) 157m/s
C) 91.0m/s
D) 172m/s
E) 108m/s
Answer: C
Var:1
36) Ashipisbeingpulledthroughaharboratconstantvelocitybytwotugboatsasshowninthe
figure.Thelinesattachedtothetwotugboatshavethesametensionof200,000N.Eachline
makesanangleof28.0withthedirectiontheshipisbeingtowed.Whatisthemagnitudeof
thedragforceduetothewaterontheship?
A) 17710
5
N
B) 1.8810
5
N
C) 93.910
4
N
D) zero
E) 3.5310
5
N
Answer: E
Var:1
37) A1.20-kgballishangingfromtheendofarope.Theropehangsatanangle25.0fromthe
verticalwhena15.0m/shorizontalwindisblowing.Ifthewindsforceontheropeis
negligible,whatdragforcedoesthewindexertontheball?
A) 32.3N
B) 24.1N
C) 3.68N
D) 5.48N
E) 11.8N
Answer: D
Var:1
38) An80.0-kgobjectisfallingandexperiencesadragforceduetoairresistance.Themagnitude
ofthisdragforcedependsonitsspeed,v,andobeystheequation
F
drag
=(12.0Ns/m)v+(4.00Ns
2
/m
2
)v
2
.Whatistheterminalspeedofthisobject?
A) 6.45m/s
B) 72.2m/s
C) 34.2m/s
D) 12.6m/s
E) 47.3m/s
Answer: D
Var:1
39) Anobjectweighing4.00Nfallsfromrestsubjecttoafrictionaldragforcegivenby F
drag
=
bv
2
,wherevisthespeedoftheobjectandb=3.00Ns
2
/m
2
.
Whatterminalspeedwillthis
objectapproach?
A) 1.78m/s
B) 3.42m/s
C) 1.15m/s
D) 2.25m/s
E) 0.75m/s
Answer: C
Var:1
Chapter7 NewtonsThirdLaw
1) Youswingabatandhitaheavyboxwithaforceof1500N.Theforcetheboxexertsonthebat
is
A) exactly1500Nonlyiftheboxdoesnotmove.
B) exactly1500Nwhetherornottheboxmoves.
C) greaterthan1500Niftheboxmoves.
D) lessthan1500Niftheboxmoves.
E) greaterthan1500Nifthebatbouncesback.
Answer: B
Var:1
2) Inordertogetanobjectmoving,youmustpushharderonitthanitpushesbackonyou.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
3) Inordertoliftabucketofconcrete,youmustpullupharderonthebucketthanitpullsdown
onyou.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
4) Considerwhathappenswhenyoujumpupintheair.Whichofthefollowingisthemost
accuratestatement?
A) Itistheupwardforceexertedbythegroundthatpushesyouup,butthisforcecannot
exceedyourweight.
B) Youareabletospringupbecausetheearthexertsaforceupwardonyouthatisgreater
thanthedownwardforceyouexertontheearth.
C) Sincethegroundisstationary,itcannotexerttheupwardforcenecessarytopropelyou
intotheair.Instead,itistheinternalforcesofyourmusclesactingonyourbodyitself
thatpropelsyourbodyintotheair.
D) Whenyoupushdownontheearthwithaforcegreaterthanyourweight,theearthwill
pushbackwiththesamemagnitudeforceandthuspropelyouintotheair.
E) WhenyoujumpuptheearthexertsaforceF
1
onyouandyouexertaforceF
2
onthe
earth.YougoupbecauseF
1
>F
2
.
Answer: D
Var:1
Chapter7:NewtonsThirdLaw
5) A20tontruckcollideswitha1500lbcarandcausesalotofdamagetothecar.Duringthe
collision
A) theforceonthetruckduetothecollisionisslightlygreaterthantheforceonthecar.
B) theforceofonthetruckduetothecollisionisexactlyequaltotheforceonthecar.
C) theforceonthecarduetothecollisionismuchgreaterthantheforceonthetruck.
D) thecarandthetruckhavethesamemagnitudeacceleration.
Answer: B
Var:1
6) Twoweightsareconnectedbyamasslesswireandpulledupwardwithaconstantspeedof
1.50m/sbyaverticalpullP.ThetensioninthewireisT(seefigure).Whichoneofthe
followingrelationshipsbetweenTandPmustbetrue?
A) T>P
B) T=P
C) P+T=125N
D) P=T+25N
E) P=T+100N
Answer: D
Var:1
7) Twoobjectshavingmassesm
1
andm
2
areconnectedtoeachotherasshowninthefigureand
arereleasedfromrest.Thereisnofrictiononthetablesurfaceorinthepulley.Themassesof
thepulleyandthestringconnectingtheobjectsarecompletelynegligible.Whatmustbetrue
aboutthetensionTinthestringjustaftertheobjectsarereleased?
A) T=m
2
g
B) T>m
2
g
C) T<m
2
g
D) T=m
1
g
E) T>m
1
g
Answer: C
Var:1
8) TwobodiesPandQonasmoothhorizontalsurfaceareconnectedbyalightcord.Themassof
PisgreaterthanthatofQ.Ahorizontalforce F(ofmagnitudeF)isappliedtoQasshownin
thefigure,acceleratingthebodiestotheright.Themagnitudeoftheforceexertedbythe
connectingcordonbodyPwillbe
A) zero.
B) lessthanFbutnotzero.
C) equaltoF.
D) greaterthanF.
Answer: B
Var:1
9) TwounequalmassesMandm (M> m)areconnectedbyalightcordpassingoverapulleyof
negligiblemass,asshowninthefigure.Whenreleased,thesystemaccelerates.Frictionis
negligible.Whichfigurebelowgivesthecorrectfreebodyforcediagramsforthetwomasses
inthemovingsystem?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Answer: C
Var:1
7.2 Problems
1) TheInternationalSpaceStationhasamassof1.8 10
5
kg.A70.0-kgastronautinsidethe
stationpushesoffonewallofthestationsosheacceleratesat1.50m/s
2
.Whatisthe
magnitudeoftheaccelerationofthespacestationastheastronautispushingoffthewall?
Giveyouranswerrelativetoanobserverwhoisspacewalkingandthereforedoesnot
acceleratewiththespacestationduetothepush.
A) 5.810
-4
m/s
2
B) 1.50m/s
2
C) 4.710
-4
m/s
2
D) zero
E) 3.910
-3
m/s
2
Answer: A
Var:1
2) Onahorizontalfrictionlessfloor,aworkerofweight0.900kNpusheshorizontallywithaforce
of0.200kNonaboxweighing1.80kN.Asaresultofthispush,whichstatementcouldbe
true?
A) Theboxwillnotmovebecausethepushislessthanitsweight.
B) Theworkerandboxwillbothhaveanaccelerationof1.08m/s
2
,butinopposite
directions.
C) Theworkerandboxwillbothhaveanaccelerationof2.17m/s
2
,butinopposite
directions.
D) Theworkerwillaccelerateat1.08m/s
2
andtheboxwillaccelerateat2.17m/s
2
,butin
oppositedirections.
E) Theworkerwillaccelerateat2.17m/s
2
andtheboxwillaccelerateat1.08m/s
2
,butin
oppositedirections.
Answer: E
Var:1
3) Inaballisticstest,a1.50-gbulletisfiredthrougha28.0-kgblocktravelinghorizontally
towardthebullet.Inthistest,thebullettakes11.4mstopassthroughtheblockasitreverses
theblocksvelocityfrom1.75m/stotherightto1.20m/stotheleftwithconstantacceleration.
Findthemagnitudeoftheforcethatthebulletexertsontheblockduringthisballisticstest.
Answer: 7.2510
3
N
Var:1
4) Alocomotiveispulling19freightcars,eachofwhichisloadedwiththesameamountof
weight.Themassofeachfreightcar(withitsload)is37,000kg.Ifthetrainisacceleratingat
0.22m/s
2
onaleveltrack,whatisthetensioninthecouplingbetweenthesecondandthird
cars?(Thecarnearestthelocomotiveiscountedasthefirstcar,andfrictionisnegligible.)
Answer: 140,000N
Var:50+
5) Twoobjectsareconnectedbyaverylightflexiblestringasshowninthefigure,where M= 0.60
kgandm=0.40kg.Youcanignorefrictionandthemassofthepulley.
(a)Drawfree-bodydiagramsforeachobject.
(b)Calculatethemagnitudeoftheaccelerationofeachobject.
(c)Calculatethetensioninthestring.
Answer: (a)Theforceofgravityactsdownwardandtensionactsupwardoneachobject.
(b)2.0m/s2
(c)4.7N
Var:1
6) Threeboxesincontactrestside-by-sideonasmooth,horizontalfloor.Theirmassesare
5.0-kg,3.0-kg,and2.0-kg,withthe3.0-kgboxinthecenter.Aforceof50Npushesonthe
5.0-kgbox,whichpushesagainsttheothertwoboxes.
(a)Drawthefree-bodydiagramsforeachoftheboxes.
(b)Whatmagnitudeforcedoesthe3.0-kgboxexertonthe5.0-kgbox?
(c)Whatmagnitudeforcedoesthe3.0-kgboxexertonthe2.0-kgbox?
Answer: (a)Thefollowingforcesactonthe5.0-kgbox:theforceduetogravity,normalforce,
contactforcebetween5.0-kgmassand3.0-kgmass,theforceof50Npushingonthe
box.Thefollowingforcesactonthe3.0-kgbox:theforceduetogravity,normalforce,
contactforcebetweenthe5.0-kgboxandthe3.0-kgbox,thecontactforcebetweenthe
3.0-kgboxandthe2.0-kgbox.Thefollowingforcesactonthe2.0-kgbox:theforce
duetogravity,normalforce,contactforcebetweenthe3.0-kgboxandthe2.0-kgbox.
(b)25N
(c)10N
Var:1
7) Thefigureshowsa100-kgblockbeingreleasedfromrestfromaheightof1.0m.Itthentakes
it0.90storeachthefloor.Whatisthemass moftheotherblock?Thepulleyhasno
appreciablemassorfriction.
A) 60kg
B) 54kg
C) 48kg
D) 42kg
Answer: A
Var:1
8) AwoodenblockAofmass4.0kgslidesonafrictionlesstablewhenpulledusingamassless
stringandpulleyarraybyahangingboxBofmass5.0kg,asshowninthefigure.Whatisthe
accelerationofblockAasitslidesonthefrictionlesstable?Hint:Thinkcarefullyaboutthe
accelerationconstraint.
A) 4.1m/s
2
B) 3.5m/s
2
C) 3.1m/s
2
D) 2.7m/s
2
Answer: A
Var:1
9) Thefigureshowstwo1.0kg-blocksconnectedbyarope.Asecondropehangsbeneaththe
lowerblock.Bothropeshaveamassof250g.Theentireassemblyisacceleratedupwardat2.3
m/s
2
byforce F.Whatisthetensionatthetopendofrope1?
A) 18N
B) 15N
C) 2.9N
D) 3.5N
Answer: A
Var:1
10) A6.00-kgblockisincontactwitha4.00-kgblockonahorizontalfrictionlesssurfaceasshown
inthefigure.The6.00-kgblockisbeingpushedbyahorizontal20.0-Nforceasshown.What
isthemagnitudeoftheforcethatthe6.00-kgblockexertsonthe4.00-kgblock?
A) 6.00N
B) 20.0N
C) 8.00N
D) 4.00N
E) 10.0N
Answer: C
Var:1
11) Aseriesofweightsconnectedbyverylightcordsaregivenanupwardaccelerationof4.00
m/s
2
byapullP,asshowninthefigure.A,B,andCarethetensionsintheconnectingcords.
ThepullPisclosestto
A) 690N.
B) 490N.
C) 290N.
D) 200N.
E) 50N.
Answer: A
Var:1
12) Aseriesofweightsconnectedbyverylightcordsaregivenanupwardaccelerationof4.00
m/s
2
byapullP,asshowninthefigure.A,B,andCarethetensionsintheconnectingcords.
TheSMALLESTofthethreetensions, A,B,andC,isclosestto
A) 80.0N.
B) 196N.
C) 276N.
D) 483N.
E) 621N.
Answer: C
Var:1
13) Threeobjectsareconnectedbymasslesswiresoveramasslessfrictionlesspulleyasshownin
thefigure.Thetensioninthewireconnectingthe10.0-kgand15.0-kgobjectsismeasuredto
be133N.WhatisthemassM?
A) 8.33kg
B) 33.9kg
C) 35.0kg
D) 52.8kg
E) 95.0kg
Answer: D
Var:1
14) Threeobjectsareconnectedbymasslesswiresoveramasslessfrictionlesspulleyasshownin
thefigure.Thetensioninthewireconnectingthe10.0-kgand15.0-kgobjectsismeasuredto
be133N.WhatisthetensioninwireA?
A) 87.5N
B) 245N
C) 280N
D) 333N
E) 517N
Answer: D
Var:1
15) A20.0-Nboxrestsona50.0-Nboxonaperfectlysmoothhorizontalfloor.Whenahorizontal
15.0-Npulltotherightisexertedonthelowerbox(seefigure),bothboxesmovetogether.Find
themagnitudeanddirectionofthenetexternalforceontheupperbox.
Answer: 4.29Ntotheright
Var:1
16) Asystemcomprisingblocks,alightfrictionlesspulley,africtionlessincline,andconnecting
ropesisshowninthefigure.The9.0-kgblockacceleratesdownwardwhenthesystemis
releasedfromrest.Thetensionintheropeconnectingthe6.0-kgblockandthe4.0-kgblockis
closestto
A) 30N.
B) 33N.
C) 36N.
D) 39N.
E) 42N.
Answer: E
Var:1
17) A4.00-kgblockrestsbetweentheflooranda3.00-kgblockasshowninthefigure.The
3.00-kgblockistiedtoawallbyahorizontalrope.Ifthecoefficientofstaticfrictionis0.800
betweeneachpairofsurfacesincontact,whathorizontalforceFmustbeappliedtothe
4.00-kgblocktomakeitmove?
A) 16.2N
B) 54.9N
C) 21.1N
D) 23.5N
E) 78.4N
Answer: E
Var:1
18) A150-Nboxisbeingpulledhorizontallyinawagonacceleratinguniformlyat3.00m/s
2
.The
boxdoesnotmoverelativetothewagon,thecoefficientofstaticfrictionbetweentheboxand
thewagonssurfaceis0.600,andthecoefficientofkineticfrictionis0.400.Thefrictionforceon
thisboxisclosestto
A) 450N.
B) 90.0N.
C) 60.0N.
D) 45.9N.
Answer: D
Var:1
19) Apickuptruckismovingat25m/swithatoolboxofmassm restingonthebedofthetruck2.5
mbehindthecab.Suddenlythebrakesareapplied,causingthetoolboxtoslide,andthetruck
comestoastopin4.7s.Thecoefficientofkineticfrictionbetweenthetoolboxandthebedof
thetruckis0.28.Afterthebrakesareapplied,howmuchtimeelapsesbeforethetoolbox
strikesthecab?
Answer: 1.4s
Var:1
20) Twoboxesareconnectedbyaweightlesscordrunningoveraverylightfrictionlesspulleyas
showninthefigure.Box A,ofmass8.0kg,isinitiallyatrestonthetopofthetable.The
coefficientofkineticfrictionbetweenboxAandthetableis0.10.Box Bhasamassof15.0kg,
andthesystembeginstomovejustafteritisreleased.
(a)Drawthefree-bodydiagramsforeachoftheboxes,identifyingalloftheforcesactingon
eachone.
(b)Calculatetheaccelerationofeachbox.
(c)Whatisthetensioninthecord?
Answer: (a)BoxAisactedonbythedownwardforceofgravity,theupwardnormalforcedueto
thetabletop,thetensioninthestringtowardtheright,andtheforceoffrictiondueto
thetabletoptowardtheleft.BoxBisactedonbythedownwardforceofgravityand
theupwardtensionofthestring.
(b)6.1m/s
2
(c)56N
Var:1
21) Aropepullsonthelowerblockinthefigurewithatensionforceof20N.Thecoefficientof
kineticfrictionbetweenthelowerblockandthesurfaceis0.16.Thecoefficientofkinetic
frictionbetweenthelowerblockandtheupperblockisalso0.16.Thepulleyhasno
appreciablemassorfriction.Whatistheaccelerationofthe2.0kgblock?
A) 4.1m/s
2
B) 5.1m/s
2
C) 8.4m/s
2
D) 9.2m/s
2
Answer: A
Var:1
22) Threeobjectsareconnectedasshowninthefigure.Thestringsandfrictionlesspulleyshave
negligiblemasses,andthecoefficientofkineticfrictionbetweenthe2.0-kgblockandthetable
is0.25.Whatistheaccelerationofthe2.0-kgblock?
A) 2.5m/s
2
B) 1.7m/s
2
C) 3.2m/s
2
D) 4.0m/s
2
Answer: A
Var:50+
23) Asystemcomprisedblocks,alightfrictionlesspulley,andconnectingropesisshowninthe
figure.The9.0-kgblockisonaperfectlysmoothhorizontaltable.Thesurfacesofthe12-kg
blockarerough,with
k
=0.30betweentheblockandthetable.Ifthe5.0-kgblockaccelerates
downwardwhenitisreleased,finditsacceleration.
A) 1.0m/s
2
B) 1.2m/s
2
C) 1.4m/s
2
D) 1.6m/s
2
E) 1.8m/s
2
Answer: A
Var:1
24) BlockAofmass5.0kgandblock X areattachedtoaropewhichpassesoverapulley,as
showninthefigure.An80-NforcePisappliedhorizontallytoblockA,keepingitincontact
witharoughverticalface.Thecoefficientsofstaticandkineticfrictionbetweenthewalland
blockAare
s
=0.40and
k
=0.30.Thepulleyislightandfrictionless.Themassofblock Xis
adjusteduntilblockAmovesupwardwithanaccelerationof1.6m/s
2
.Whatisthemassof
blockX?
A) 9.9kg
B) 9.3kg
C) 8.7kg
D) 8.1kg
E) 7.5kg
Answer: A
Var:1
25) Inthefigure,twowoodenblockseachof0.30kgmassareconnectedbyastringthatpasses
overaverylightfrictionlesspulley.Oneblockslidesonahorizontaltable,whiletheother
hangssuspendedbythestring,asshowninthefigure.Attimet=0,thesuspendedblockis
0.80moverthefloor,andtheblocksarereleasedfromrest.After2.5s,thesuspendedblock
reachesthefloor.Whatisthecoefficientofkineticfrictionbetweenthetableandthesliding
block?
A) 0.35
B) 0.52
C) 0.84
D) 0.65
E) 0.95
Answer: E
Var:1
26) A4.00-kgboxsitsatopa10.0-kgboxonahorizontaltable.Thecoefficientofkineticfriction
betweenthetwoboxesandbetweenthelowerboxandthetableis0.600,whilethecoefficient
ofstaticfrictionbetweenthesesamesurfacesis0.800.Ahorizontalpulltotherightisexerted
onthelowerbox,asshowninthefigure,andtheboxesmovetogether.Whatisthefriction
forceontheUPPERbox?
A) 19.3Ntotheright
B) 19.3Ntotheleft
C) 23.5Ntotheright
D) 31.4Ntotheright
E) 31.4Ntotheleft
Answer: A
Var:1
27) Twoblocksareconnectedbyastringthatgoesoveranidealpulleyasshowninthefigure.
BlockAhasamassof3.00kgandcanslideoveraroughplaneinclined30.0tothehorizontal.
ThecoefficientofkineticfrictionbetweenblockAandtheplaneis0.400.BlockBhasamassof
2.77kg.Whatistheaccelerationoftheblocks?
A) 0.392m/s
2
B) 1.96m/s
2
C) 3.12m/s
2
D) 5.35m/s
2
E) 0.00m/s
2
Answer: A
Var:1
28) Thefigureshowstwopackagesthatstartslidingdowna20 rampfromrestadistance
d=6.6malongtherampfromthebottom.PackageAhasamassof5.0kgandacoefficientof
kineticfriction0.20betweenitandtheramp.Package Bhasamassof10kgandacoefficientof
kineticfriction0.15betweenitandtheramp.Howlongdoesittakepackage Atoreachthe
bottom?
A) 2.7s
B) 3.0s
C) 3.2s
D) 3.5s
Answer: A
Var:50+
29) Twoweightsareconnectedbyamasslesswireandpulledupwardwithaconstantspeedof
1.50m/sbyaverticalpullP.Thetensioninthewireis T(seefigure).Pisclosestto
A) 25N.
B) 125N.
C) 187.5N.
D) 245N.
E) 1225N.
Answer: B
Var:1
30) Twoblocksareconnectedbyastringthatgoesoveranidealpulleyasshowninthefigureand
pullsonblockAparalleltothesurfaceoftheplane.Block Ahasamassof3.00kgandcanslide
alongaroughplaneinclined30.0tothehorizontal.Thecoefficientofstaticfrictionbetween
blockAandtheplaneis0.400.Whatmassshouldblock BhaveinordertostartblockAsliding
uptheplane?
Answer: 2.54kg
Var:1
31) Thefigureshowsa2000kgcablecardescendingahighhill.Acounterweightofmass 1800 kg
ontheothersideofthehillaidsthebrakesincontrollingthecablecarsspeed.Therolling
frictionofboththecablecarandthecounterweightarenegligible.Howmuchbrakingforce
doesthecablecarneedtodescendatconstantspeed?
A) 3800N
B) 2900N
C) 2000N
D) 980N
Answer: A
Var:50+
32) Asystemofblocksandafrictionlesspulleyisshowninthefigure.Block Ahasamassof2.0kg
andisonaroughhorizontalsurfaceforwhich
s
=0.40betweenthesurfaceandblockA.The
ropepullshorizontallyonblockA.BlockChasamassof1.0kg.Anexternalforce P=23.0N,
appliedverticallytoblockA,maintainsthesystematrestasshowninthefigure.Whatisthe
frictionforceonblockA?
A) 6.3N
B) 6.9N
C) 7.5N
D) 5.7N
E) 5.1N
Answer: A
Var:1
33) A1520-Ncrateistobeheldinplaceonarampthatrisesat30.0abovethehorizontal(see
figure).Themasslessropeattachedtothecratemakesa22.0angleabovethesurfaceofthe
ramp.Thecoefficientsoffrictionbetweenthecrateandthesurfaceoftherampare
k
=0.450
and
s
=0.650.Thepulleyhasnoappreciablemassorfriction.WhatistheMAXIMUMweight
wthatcanbeusedtoholdthiscratestationaryontheramp?
Answer: 1380N
Var:1
34) BlockAofmass8.0kgandblock X areattachedtoaropethatpassesoverapulley.A50-N
forcePisappliedhorizontallytoblockA,keepingitincontactwitharoughverticalface.The
coefficientsofstaticandkineticfrictionbetweenthewallandblock Aare
s
=0.40and
k
=
0.30.Thepulleyislightandfrictionless.Inthefigure,themassofblockXisadjusteduntil
blockAdescendsatconstantvelocityof4.75cm/swhenitissetintomotion.Whatisthemass
ofblockX?
A) 6.5kg
B) 7.2kg
C) 8.0kg
D) 8.8kg
E) 9.5kg
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter8 DynamicsII:MotioninaPlane
1) Ifyouswingabucketofwaterfastenoughinaverticalcircle,atthehighestpointthewater
doesnotspilloutbecauseanoutwardforcebalancesthepullofgravityonthewater.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
2) Astringisattachedtotherearviewmirrorofacar.Aballishangingattheotherendofthe
string.Thecarisdrivingaroundinacircle,ataconstantspeed.Whichofthefollowinglists
givesalloftheforcesdirectlyactingontheball?
A) tensionandgravity
B) tension
C) tension,gravity,andthecentripetalforce
D) tension,gravity,thecentripetalforce,andfriction
Answer: A
Var:1
3) Supposeahighwaycurveisproperlybankedtoeliminatefrictionforaspeedof45mph.If
yourtireswerebaldandyouwantedtoavoidslidingontheroad,youwouldhavetodrive
A) somewhatbelow45mph.
B) somewhatabove45mph.
C) atexactly45mph.
Answer: C
Var:1
8.2 Problems
1) A23kgmassisconnectedtoanailonafrictionlesstablebyamasslessstring1.3mlong.There
isnoappreciablefrictionbetweenthenailandthestring.Ifthetensioninthestringis51N
whilethemassmovesinauniformcircleonthetable,howlongdoesittakeforthemassto
makeonecompleterevolution?
A) 4.8s
B) 3.8s
C) 4.5s
D) 5.2s
Answer: A
Var:50+
2) Acartravelsatasteady40.0m/saroundahorizontalcurveofradius200m.Whatisthe
minimumcoefficientofstaticfrictionbetweentheroadandthecarstiresthatwillallowthe
cartotravelatthisspeedwithoutsliding?
A) 1.23
B) 0.816
C) 0.736
D) 0.952
E) 0.662
Answer: B
Var:1
3) Acarentersa300-mradiushorizontalcurveonarainydaywhenthecoefficientofstatic
frictionbetweenitstiresandtheroadis0.600.Whatisthemaximumspeedatwhichthecar
cantravelaroundthiscurvewithoutsliding?
A) 29.6m/s
B) 33.1m/s
C) 24.8m/s
D) 42.0m/s
E) 37.9m/s
Answer: D
Var:1
4) Acardrivesoverahilltopthathasaradiusofcurvature0.120kmatthetopofthehill.At
whatspeedwouldthecarbetravelingwhenittiresjustbarelylosecontactwiththeroadwhen
thecarisatthetopofthehill?
A) 45.5m/s
B) 41.8m/s
C) 34.3m/s
D) 22.2m/s
E) 27.6m/s
Answer: C
Var:1
5) A1000-kgcarisslowlypickingupspeedasitgoesaroundahorizontalcurvewhoseradiusis
100m.Thecoefficientofstaticfrictionbetweenthetiresandtheroadis0.350.Atwhatspeed
willthecarbegintoskidsideways?
A) 9.25m/s
B) 23.6m/s
C) 34.3m/s
D) 35.0m/s
E) 18.5m/s
Answer: E
Var:1
Chapter8:DynamicsII:MotioninaPlane
6) A600-kgcarisgoingaroundabankedcurvewitharadiusof110mataspeedof 24.5m/s.
Whatistheappropriatebankinganglesothatthecarstaysonitspathwithouttheassistance
offriction?
A) 29.1
B) 13.5
C) 33.8
D) 56.2
E) 60.9
Answer: A
Var:5
7) A600-kgcartravelingat24.5m/sisgoingaroundacurvehavingaradiusof120mthatis
bankedatanangleof20.
(a)Isthecurveproperlybankedforthecarsspeed?
(b)Whatistheminimumcoefficientofstaticfrictionrequiredbetweentheroadandthecars
tiressothecardoesnotskid?
Answer: (a)No(b)0.12
Var:1
8) A600-kgcartravelingat30.0m/sisgoingaroundacurvehavingaradiusof120mthatis
bankedatanangleof25.0.Thecoefficientofstaticfrictionbetweenthecarstiresandtheroad
is0.300.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheforceexertedbyfrictiononthecar?
A) 1590N
B) 3430N
C) 7240N
D) 7820N
E) 795N
Answer: A
Var:1
9) Engineersaredesigningacurvedsectionofahighway.Iftheradiusofcurvatureofthecurve
is194m,atwhatangleshouldthecurvebebankedsothatacartravelingat29.0m/swillstay
ontheroadwithouttheaidoffrictionalforces?
A) 23.9
B) 16.7
C) 21.0
D) 26.1
Answer: A
Var:50+
10) Thefigureshowstwowirestiedtoa3.3 kgspherethatrevolvesinahorizontalcircleat
constantspeed.AtthisparticularspeedthetensionistheSAMEinbothwires.Whatisthe
tension?
A) 24N
B) 32N
C) 44N
D) 22N
Answer: A
Var:50+
11) Thefigureshowstwowiresthataretiedtoa710 gmassthatrevolvesinahorizontalcircleat
aconstantspeedof7.5m/s.Whatisthetensionintheupperwire?
A) 34N
B) 20N
C) 27N
D) 41N
Answer: A
Var:50+
12) Futurespacestationswillcreateanartificialgravitybyrotating.Consideracylindricalspace
station390mdiameterrotatingaboutitscentralaxis.Astronautswalkontheinsidesurfaceof
thespacestation.Whatrotationperiodwillprovidenormalgravity?
A) 28s
B) 40s
C) 6.3s
D) 4.4s
Answer: A
Var:50+
13) Anewrollercoastercontainsaloop-the-loopinwhichthecarandriderarecompletely
upsidedown.Iftheradiusoftheloopis13.2m,withwhatminimumspeedmustthecar
traversetheloopsothattheriderdoesnotfalloutwhileupsidedownatthetop?Assumethe
riderisnotstrappedtothecar.
A) 11.4m/s
B) 12.5m/s
C) 10.1m/s
D) 14.9m/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
14) Aballofmass5.0kgissuspendedbytwowiresfromahorizontalarmthatisattachedtoa
verticalshaft,asshowninthefigure.Theshaftisinuniformrotationaboutitsaxis.Therateof
rotationisadjusteduntilthetensionsinthetwowiresareEQUAL.Atthatspeed,theradial
accelerationoftheballisclosestto
A) 4.9m/s
2
.
B) 5.9m/s
2
.
C) 6.9m/s
2
.
D) 7.9m/s
2
.
E) 9.9m/s
2
.
Answer: A
Var:1
15) Aroadwayforstuntdriversisdesignedforracecarsmovingataspeedof 40m/s.Acurved
sectionoftheroadwayisacirculararcof230mradius.Theroadwayisbankedsothata
vehiclecangoaroundthecurvewiththefrictionforcefromtheroadequaltozero.Atwhat
angleistheroadwaybanked?
A) 35
B) 37
C) 33
D) 31
E) 29
Answer: A
Var:50+
16) Apersononasledcoastsdownahillandthengoesoveraslightrisewithspeed2.7m/s.The
topofthisrisecanbemodeledasacircleofradius4.1m.Thesledandoccupanthavea
combinedmassof110kg.Ifthecoefficientofkineticfrictionbetweenthesnowandthesledis
0.10,whatfrictionforceisexertedonthesledbythesnowasthesledgoesoverthetopofthe
rise?
Answer: 88N
Var:1
17) AFerriswheelhasdiameterof10mandmakesonerevolutionin8.0seconds.Aperson
weighing670Nissittingononeofthebenchesattachedattherimofthewheel.Whatisthe
apparentweight(thatis,thenormalforceexertedonherbythebench)ofthepersonasshe
passesthroughthehighestpointofhermotion?
Answer: 460N
Var:1
Chapter9 ImpulseandMomentum
1) Considertwolessthandesirableoptions.Inthefirstyouaredriving30mphandcrash
headonintoanidenticalcaralsogoing30mph.Inthesecondoptionyouaredriving30mph
andcrashheadonintoastationarybrickwall.Inneithercasedoesyourcarbounceoffthe
thingithits,andthecollisiontimeisthesameinbothcases.Whichofthesetwosituations
wouldresultinthegreatestimpactforce?
A) hittingtheothercar
B) hittingthebrickwall
C) Theforcewouldbethesameinbothcases.
D) Wecannotanswerthisquestionwithoutmoreinformation.
E) Noneoftheseistrue.
Answer: C
Var:1
2) Asatilefallsfromtheroofofabuildingtothegrounditsmomentumisconserved.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
3) Youarestandingonaskateboard,initiallyatrest.Afriendthrowsaveryheavyballtowards
you.Youcaneithercatchtheobjectordeflecttheobjectbacktowardsyourfriend(suchthatit
movesawayfromyouwiththesamespeedasitwasoriginallythrown).Whatshouldyoudo
inordertoMINIMIZEyourspeedontheskateboard?
A) Catchtheball.
B) Deflecttheball.
C) Yourfinalspeedontheskateboardwillbethesameregardlesswhetheryoucatchthe
ballordeflecttheball.
Answer: A
Var:1
4) Asmallglideriscoastinghorizontallywhensuddenlyaveryheavypieceofcargofallsoutof
thebottomoftheplane.Youcanneglectairresistance.Justafterthecargohasfallenout
A) theplanespeedsupandthecargoslowsdown.
B) theplanespeedsupbutthecargodoesnotchangespeed.
C) neitherthecargonortheplanechangespeed.
D) thecargoslowsdownbuttheplanedoesnotchangespeed.
E) boththecargoandtheplanespeedup.
Answer: C
Var:1
Chapter9:ImpulseandMomentum
5) Asmallcarhasaheadoncollisionwithalargetruck.Whichofthefollowingstatements
concerningthemagnitudeoftheaverageforceduetothecollisioniscorrect?
A) Thetruckexperiencesthegreateraverageforce.
B) Thesmallcarexperiencesthegreateraverageforce.
C) Thesmallcarandthetruckexperiencethesameaverageforce.
D) Itisimpossibletotellsincethemassesarenotgiven.
E) Itisimpossibletotellsincethevelocitiesarenotgiven.
Answer: C
Var:1
6) Inacollisionbetweentwoobjectshavingunequalmasses,howdoesmagnitudeoftheimpulse
impartedtothelighterobjectbytheheavieronecomparewiththemagnitudeoftheimpulse
impartedtotheheavierobjectbythelighterone?
A) Thelighterobjectreceivesalargerimpulse.
B) Theheavierobjectreceivesalargerimpulse.
C) Bothobjectsreceivethesameimpulse.
D) Theanswerdependsontheratioofthemasses.
E) Theanswerdependsontheratioofthespeeds.
Answer: C
Var:1
9.2 Problems
1) Atime-varyinghorizontalforceF(t)=At
4
+Bt
2
actsfor0.500sona12.25-kgobject,startingat
timet=1.00s.IntheSIsystem, Ahasthenumericalvalue4.50and Bhasthenumericalvalue
8.75.
(a)WhataretheSIunitsofAandB?
(b)Whatimpulsedoesthisforceimparttotheobject?
Answer: (a)A:N/s
4
=kgm/s
6
,B:N/s
2
=kgm/s
4
(b)12.9Ns,horizontally
Var:1
2) A2.50-kgstoneisdroppedfromrestataheightof3.75m.Whatimpulsedoesgravityimpart
tothisstonefromtheinstantitisdroppeduntilithitstheground,assumingnegligibleair
resistance?
Answer: 21.4Ns
Var:1
3) Afirecrackerbreaksupintoseveralpieces,oneofwhichhasamassof200gandfliesoffalong
thex-axiswithaspeedof82.0m/s.Asecondpiecehasamassof300gandfliesoffalongthe
y-axiswithaspeedof45.0m/s.Whatarethemagnitudeanddirectionofthetotalmomentum
ofthesetwopieces?
A) 361kgm/sat56.3fromthex-axis
B) 93.5kgm/sat28.8fromthex-axis
C) 21.2kgm/sat39.5fromthex-axis
D) 361kgm/sat0.983fromthex-axis
E) 21.2kgm/sat56.3fromthex-axis
Answer: C
Var:1
4) Astationary1.67-kgobjectisstruckbyastick.Theobjectexperiencesahorizontalforcegiven
byF=atbt
2
,wheretisthetimeinmillisecondsfromtheinstantthestickfirstcontactsthe
object.Ifa=1500N/(ms)andb=20N/(ms)
2
,whatisthespeedoftheobjectjustafteritcomes
awayfromthestickatt=2.74ms?
A) 3.3m/s
B) 22m/s
C) 3.7m/s
D) 25m/s
Answer: A
Var:1
5) Duringacollisionwithawall,thevelocityofa0.200-kgballchangesfrom20.0m/stowardthe
wallto12.0m/sawayfromthewall.Ifthetimetheballwasincontactwiththewallwas60.0
ms,whatwasthemagnitudeoftheaverageforceappliedtotheball?
A) 40.0N
B) 107N
C) 16.7N
D) 26.7N
E) 13.3N
Answer: B
Var:1
6) A480-kgcarmovingat14.4m/shitsfrombehinda570-kgcarmovingat13.3m/sinthesame
direction.Ifthenewspeedoftheheaviercaris14.0m/s,whatisthespeedofthelightercar
afterthecollision,assumingthatanyunbalancedforcesonthesystemarenegligiblysmall?
A) 13.6m/s
B) 10.5m/s
C) 19.9m/s
D) 5.24m/s
Answer: A
Var:1
7) Twoobjectsofthesamemassmovealongthesamelineinoppositedirections.Thefirstmass
ismovingwithspeedv.Theobjectscollide,sticktogether,andmovewithspeed0.100vinthe
directionofthevelocityofthefirstmassbeforethecollision.Whatwasthespeedofthe
secondmassbeforethecollision?
A) 1.20v
B) 10.0v
C) 0.900v
D) 0.800v
E) 0.00v
Answer: D
Var:1
Chapter9:ImpulseandMomentum
8) A1000-kgcarapproachesanintersectiontravelingnorthat20.0m/s.A1200-kgcar
approachesthesameintersectiontravelingeastat22.0m/s.Thetwocarscollideatthe
intersectionandlocktogether.Ignoringanyexternalforcesthatactonthecarsduringthe
collision,whatisthevelocityofthecarsimmediatelyafterthecollision?
A) 29.7m/sinadirection47.7eastofnorth
B) 21.1m/sinadirection47.7westofsouth
C) 15.1m/sinadirection52.8eastofnorth
D) 21.1m/sinadirection52.8eastofnorth
E) 21.1m/sinadirection47.7eastofnorth
Answer: C
Var:1
9) Twoautomobilestravelingatrightanglestoeachothercollideandsticktogether.Car A hasa
massof1200kgandhadaspeedof25m/sbeforethecollision.Car Bhasamassof1600kg.
Theskidmarksshowthat,immediatelyafterthecollision,thewreckagewasmovingina
directionmakinganangleof40withtheoriginaldirectionofcarA.Whatwasthespeedof
carBbeforethecollision,assumingthatanyotherunbalancedforcesarenegligible?
A) 16m/s
B) 18m/s
C) 11m/s
D) 21m/s
E) 14m/s
Answer: A
Var:1
10) A900-kgcartravelingeastat15.0m/scollideswitha750-kgcartravelingnorthat20.0m/s.
Thecarssticktogether.Assumethatanyotherunbalancedforcesarenegligible.
(a)Whatisthespeedofthewreckagejustafterthecollision?
(b)Inwhatdirectiondoesthewreckagemovejustafterthecollision?
Answer: (a)12.2m/s(b)48.0NofE
Var:1
11) Acarheadingnorthcollidesatanintersectionwithatruckofthesamemassasthecar
headingeast.Iftheylocktogetherandtravelat28m/sat46northofeastjustafterthe
collision,howfastwasthecarinitiallytraveling?Assumethatanyotherunbalancedforcesare
negligible.
A) 40m/s
B) 20m/s
C) 80m/s
D) 30m/s
Answer: A
Var:41
12) Twoiceskaterspushoffagainstoneanotherstartingfromastationaryposition.The45.0 -kg
skateracquiresaspeedof0.375m/s.Whatspeeddoesthe60.0-kgskateracquire?Assumethat
anyotherunbalancedforcesduringthecollisionarenegligible.
A) 0.500m/s
B) 0.281m/s
C) 0.375m/s
D) 0.750m/s
E) 0.000m/s
Answer: B
Var:1
13) Aplatefallsverticallytothefloorandbreaksupintothreepieces,whichslidealongthefloor.
Immediatelyaftertheimpact,a320-gpiecemovesalongthex-axiswithaspeedof2.00m/s
anda355-gpiecemovesalongthey-axiswithaspeedof1.50m/s.Thethirdpiecehasamass
of100g.Inwhatdirectiondoesthethirdpiecemove?Youcanneglectanyhorizontalforces
duringthecrash.
A) 216.9fromthex-axis
B) 219.8fromthex-axis
C) 36.9fromthex-axis
D) 39.9fromthex-axis
E) 39.8fromthex-axis
Answer: B
Var:5
14) A1.2-kgspring-activatedtoybombslidesonasmoothsurfacealongthe x-axiswithaspeed
of0.50m/s.Attheorigin0,thebombexplodesintotwofragments.Fragment1hasamassof
0.40kgandaspeedof0.90m/salongthenegativey-axis.Inthefigure,theangle,madeby
thevelocityvectoroffragment2andthex-axis,isclosestto
A) 31.
B) 37.
C) 38.
D) 53.
E) 59.
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter10 Energy
1) Consideraplotofthedisplacement(x)asafunctionoftheappliedforce(F)foranidealelastic
spring.Theslopeofthecurvewouldbe
A) thespringconstant.
B) thereciprocalofthespringconstant.
C) theaccelerationduetogravity.
D) thereciprocaloftheaccelerationofgravity.
E) themassoftheobjectattachedtothespring.
Answer: B
Var:1
2) WhichofthegraphsinthefigureillustratesHookesLaw?
A) Grapha
B) Graphb
C) Graphc
D) graphd
Answer: B
Var:1
3) Whichofthegraphsinthefigurerepresentsaspringthatgetslessstiffthemoreitisstretched?
A) Grapha
B) Graphb
C) Graphc
D) Graphd
Answer: D
Var:1
4) Isitpossibleforasystemtohavenegativepotentialenergy?
A) Yes,aslongasthekineticenergyispositive.
B) Yes,aslongasthetotalenergyispositive.
C) Yes,sincethechoiceofthezeroofpotentialenergyisarbitrary.
D) No,becausethekineticenergyofasystemmustequalitspotentialenergy.
E) No,becausethiswouldhavenophysicalmeaning.
Answer: C
Var:1
5) Onasmoothhorizontalfloor,anobjectslidesintoaspringwhichisattachedtoanothermass
thatisinitiallystationary.Whenthespringismostcompressed,bothobjectsaremovingatthe
samespeed.Ignoringfriction,whatisconservedduringthisinteraction?
A) momentumandmechanicalenergy
B) momentumonly
C) kineticenergyonly
D) momentumandkineticenergy
E) momentumandpotentialenergy
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter10:Energy
6) Abaseballisthrownverticallyupwardandfeelsnoairresistance.Asitisrising
A) bothitsmomentumanditsmechanicalenergyareconserved.
B) itsmomentumisnotconserved,butitsmechanicalenergyisconserved.
C) bothitsmomentumanditskineticenergyareconserved.
D) itskineticenergyisconserved,butitsmomentumisnotconserved.
E) itsgravitationalpotentialenergyisnotconserved,butsitsmomentumisconserved.
Answer: B
Var:1
7) InaperfectlyELASTICcollisionbetweentwoperfectlyrigidobjects
A) themomentumofeachobjectisconserved.
B) thekineticenergyofeachobjectisconserved.
C) themomentumofthesystemisconservedbutthekineticenergyofthesystemisnot
conserved.
D) boththemomentumandthekineticenergyofthesystemareconserved.
E) thekineticenergyofthesystemisconserved,butthemomentumofthesystemisnot
conserved.
Answer: D
Var:1
8) InanINELASTICcollisionbetweentwoobjects
A) themomentumofeachobjectisconserved.
B) thekineticenergyofeachobjectisconserved.
C) themomentumofthesystemisconservedbutthekineticenergyofthesystemisnot
conserved.
D) boththemomentumandthekineticenergyofthesystemareconserved.
E) thekineticenergyofthesystemisconserved,butthemomentumofthesystemisnot
conserved.
Answer: C
Var:1
9) Ashellexplodesintotwofragments,onefragment25timesheavierthantheother.Ifanygas
fromtheexplosionhasnegligiblemass,then
A) themomentumchangeofthelighterfragmentis25timesasgreatasthemomentum
changeoftheheavierfragment.
B) themomentumchangeoftheheavierfragmentis25timesasgreatasthemomentum
changeofthelighterfragment.
C) themomentumchangeofthelighterfragmentisexactlythesameasthemomentum
D) thekineticenergychangeoftheheavierfragmentis25timesasgreatasthekinetic
energychangeofthelighterfragment.
E) thekineticenergychangeofthelighterfragmentis25timesasgreatasthekineticenergy
Answer: C
Var:1
10) JacquesandGeorgemeetinthemiddleofalakewhilepaddlingintheircanoes.Theycometo
acompletestopandtalkforawhile.Whentheyarereadytoleave,JacquespushesGeorges
canoewithaforce Ftoseparatethetwocanoes.Whatiscorrecttosayaboutthefinal
momentumandkineticenergyofthesystemifwecanneglectanyresistanceduetothewater?
A) Thefinalmomentumisinthedirectionof Fbutthefinalkineticenergyiszero.
B) Thefinalmomentumisinthedirectionoppositeof Fbutthefinalkineticenergyiszero.
C) Thefinalmomentumisinthedirectionof Fandthefinalkineticenergyispositive.
D) Thefinalmomentumiszeroandthefinalkineticenergyiszero.
E) Thefinalmomentumiszerobutthefinalkineticenergyispositive.
Answer: B
Var:1
11) A1.0kgblockanda2.0kgblockarepressedtogetheronahorizontalfrictionlesssurfacewith
acompressedverylightspringbetweenthem.Theyarenotattachedtothespring.Afterthey
arereleasedandhavebothmovedfreeofthespring
A) thelighterblockwillhavemorekineticenergythantheheavierblock.
B) theheavierblockwillhavemorekineticenergythanthelighterblock.
C) bothblockswillbothhavethesameamountofkineticenergy.
D) bothblockswillhaveequalspeeds.
E) themagnitudeofthemomentumoftheheavierblockwillbegreaterthanthemagnitude
ofthemomentumofthelighterblock.
Answer: A
Var:1
10.2 Problems
1) Aspringstretchesby21.0cmwhena135N objectisattached.Whatistheweightofafishthat
wouldstretchthespringby31cm?
A) 199N
B) 91.0N
C) 145N
D) 279N
Answer: A
Var:50+
2) Anobjectattachedtoanidealmasslessspringispulledacrossafrictionlesssurface.Ifthe
springconstantis45N/mandthespringisstretchedby0.88mwhentheobjectisaccelerating
at2.0m/s
2
,whatisthemassoftheobject?
A) 20kg
B) 17kg
C) 22kg
D) 26kg
Answer: A
Var:18
Chapter10:Energy
3) Inthefigure,twoidenticalidealmasslessspringshaveunstretchedlengthsof0.25mand
springconstantsof700N/m.Thespringsareattachedtoasmallcubeandstretchedtoalength
Lof0.30masinFigureA.AnexternalforcePpullsthecubeadistanceD=0.020mtothe
rightandholdsitthere.(SeeFigureB.)Theexternalforce P,thatholdsthecubeinplacein
FigureB,isclosestto
A) 28N.
B) 25N.
C) 21N.
D) 18N.
E) 14N.
Answer: A
Var:1
4) BlockA(0.40kg)andblockB(0.30kg)areonafrictionlesstable(seefigure).Spring1connects
blockAtoafrictionlesspegat0andspring2connectsblockAandblockB.Whentheblocks
areinuniformcircularmotionabout0,thespringshavelengthsof0.60mand0.40m,as
shown.Thespringsareidealandmassless,andthelinearspeedofblock Bis2.0m/s.Ifthe
distancethatspring2stretchesis0.060m,thespringconstantofspring2isclosestto
A) 18N/m.
B) 20N/m.
C) 22N/m.
D) 24N/m.
E) 26N/m.
Answer: B
Var:1
Chapter10:Energy
5) BlockA(0.40kg)andblockB(0.30kg)areonafrictionlesstable(seefigure).Spring1connects
blockAtoafrictionlesspegat0andspring2connectsblockAandblockB.Whentheblocks
areinuniformcircularmotionabout0,thespringshavelengthsof0.60mand0.40m,as
shown.Thespringsareidealandmassless,andthelinearspeedofblock Bis2.0m/s.Ifthe
springconstantofspring1isequalto30N/m,theunstretchedlengthofspring1isclosestto
A) 0.51m.
B) 0.52m.
C) 0.53m.
D) 0.54m.
E) 0.55m.
Answer: C
Var:1
6) AforceonaparticledependsonpositionsuchthatF(x)=(3.00N/m
2
)x
2
+(6.00N/m)xfora
particleconstrainedtomovealongthex-axis.Whatworkisdonebythisforceonaparticle
thatmovesfromx=0.00mtox=2.00m?
A) 10.0J
B) 20.0J
C) -48.0J
D) 24.0J
E) 48.0J
Answer: B
Var:5
7) Apersonpusheshorizontallyonaheavyboxandslidesitacrossthelevelflooratconstant
velocity.Thepersonpusheswitha60.0Nforceforthefirst 6.88m,atwhichtimehebeginsto
tire.Theforceheexertsthenstartstodecreaselinearlyfrom60.0Nto0.00Nacrossthe
remaining6.88m.Howmuchtotalworkdidthepersondoonthebox?
A) 619J
B) 826J
C) 495J
D) 925J
Answer: A
Var:50+
8) Itrequires49Jofworktostretchanidealverylightspringfromalengthof1.4mtoalengthof
2.9m.Whatisthevalueofthespringconstantofthisspring?
A) 15N/m
B) 44N/m
C) 29N/m
D) 22N/m
Answer: A
Var:50+
9) AforceF=bx
3
actsinthexdirection,wherethevalueofbis3.7N/m
3
.Howmuchworkis
donebythisforceinmovinganobjectfromx=0.00mtox=2.6m?
A) 42J
B) 13J
C) 50J
D) 57J
Answer: A
Var:13
10) Inthefigure,twoidenticalspringshaveunstretchedlengthsof0.25mandspringconstantsof
300N/m.Thespringsareattachedtoasmallcubeandstretchedtoalength Lof0.36masin
FigureA.AnexternalforcePpullsthecubeadistanceD=0.020mtotherightandholdsit
there.(SeeFigureB.)TheworkdonebytheexternalforcePinpullingthecube0.020mis
closestto
A) 0.12J.
B) 0.060J.
C) 6.0J.
D) 12J.
E) 0.80J.
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter10:Energy
11) A1000.0kgcarismovingat 15km/h. Ifa2000.0kg truckhas18 timesthekineticenergyofthe
car,howfastisthetruckmoving?
A) 45km/h
B) 63km/h
C) 54km/h
D) 36km/h
Answer: A
Var:50+
12) Howmuchenergyisneededtochangethespeedofa1600kgsportutilityvehiclefrom15.0
m/sto40.0m/s?
A) 1.10MJ
B) 10.0kJ
C) 20.0kJ
D) 40.0kJ
E) 0.960MJ
Answer: A
Var:1
13) Thecoefficientoftherestitutionofanobjectisdefinedastheratioofitsoutgoingtoincoming
speedwhentheobjectcollideswitharigidsurface.Foranobjectwithacoefficientof 0.78,
whatfractionoftheobjectskineticenergyislostduringasinglecollision?
A) 39%
B) 16%
C) 47%
D) 61%
Answer: A
Var:31
14) An8.0-kgblockisreleasedfromrest,with v
1
= 0.00m/s,onaroughincline,asshowninthe
figure.Theblockmovesadistanceof1.6-mdowntheincline,inatimeintervalof0.80s,and
acquiresavelocityofv
2
=4.0m/s.Howmuchworkdoesgravitydoontheblockduringthis
process?
A) +81J
B) +100J
C) +120J
D) -81J
E) -100J
Answer: A
Var:1
15) Youdo174Jofworkwhilepullingyoursisterbackonaswing,whosechainis5.10mlong.
Youstartwiththeswinghangingverticallyandpullituntilthechainmakesanangleof32.0
withtheverticalwithyoursisterisatrest.Whatisyoursistersmass,assumingnegligible
friction?
A) 22.9kg
B) 19.5kg
C) 26.3kg
D) 28.4kg
Answer: A
Var:50+
16) Anathletestretchesaspringanextra40.0 cmbeyonditsinitiallength.Howmuchenergyhas
hetransferredtothespring,ifthespringconstantis52.9N/cm?
A) 423J
B) 4230kJ
C) 423kJ
D) 4230J
Answer: A
Var:50+
Chapter10:Energy
17) Atennisballbouncesonthefloorthreetimes.Ifeachtimeitloses 22.0%ofitsenergydueto
heating,howhighdoesitriseafterthethirdbounce,providedwereleasedit 2.3mfromthe
floor?
A) 110cm
B) 11cm
C) 110mm
D) 140cm
Answer: A
Var:50+
18) A0.500-kgballtravelinghorizontallyonafrictionlesssurfaceapproachesaverymassive
stoneat20.0m/sperpendiculartowallandreboundswith70.0%ofitsinitialkineticenergy.
Whatisthemagnitudeofthechangeinmomentumofthestone?
A) 18.4kgm/s
B) 14.0kgm/s
C) 3.00kgm/s
D) 1.63kgm/s
E) 0.000kgm/s
Answer: A
Var:5
19) A620-gobjecttravelingat2.1m/scollideshead-onwitha320-gobjecttravelinginthe
oppositedirectionat3.8m/s.Ifthecollisionisperfectlyelastic,whatisthechangeinthe
kineticenergyofthe620-gobject?
A) Itloses0.23J.
B) Itgains0.69J.
C) Itloses0.47J.
D) Itloses1.4J.
E) Itdoesntloseanykineticenergybecausethecollisioniselastic.
Answer: A
Var:1
20) A2.3-kgobjecttravelingat6.1m/scollideshead-onwitha3.5-kgobjecttravelinginthe
oppositedirectionat4.8m/s.Ifthecollisionisperfectlyelastic,whatisthefinalspeedofthe
2.3-kgobject?
A) 0.48m/s
B) 7.1m/s
C) 3.8m/s
D) 4.3m/s
E) 6.6m/s
Answer: B
Var:1
21) Acarofmass1689kgcollideshead-onwithaparkedtruckofmass2000kg.Springmounted
bumpersensurethatthecollisionisessentiallyelastic.Ifthevelocityofthetruckis17km/h(in
thesamedirectionasthecarsinitialvelocity)afterthecollision,whatwastheinitialspeedof
thecar?
A) 19km/h
B) 38km/h
C) 29km/h
D) 10km/h
Answer: A
Var:50+
22) Ablockofmassm=8.40kg,movingonahorizontalfrictionlesssurfacewithaspeed4.20m/s,
makesaperfectlyelasticcollisionwithablockofmassMatrest.Afterthecollision,the8.40
blockrecoilswithaspeedof0.400m/s.Inthefigure,theblocksareincontactfor0.200s.The
magnitudeoftheaverageforceonthe8.40-kgblock,whilethetwoblocksareincontact,is
closestto
A) 193N
B) 185N
C) 176N
D) 168N
E) 160N
Answer: A
Var:1
23) Abilliardballtravelingat3.00m/scollidesperfectlyelasticallywithanidenticalbilliardball
initiallyatrestontheleveltable.Theinitiallymovingbilliardballdeflects30.0fromits
originaldirection.Whatisthespeedoftheinitiallystationarybilliardballafterthecollision?
A) 2.00m/s
B) 0.866m/s
C) 1.50m/s
D) 2.59m/s
E) 0.750m/s
Answer: C
Var:1
Chapter10:Energy
24) Apoolplayerisattemptingafancyshot.Hehitsthecueballgivingitaspeedof5.57m/sand
directsitscenteronapathtangenttothesurfaceofthetargetballhavingthesamemassasthe
cueball.Afterthecollision(onafrictionlesstable)theinitially-stationaryballmoveswitha
speedof4.82m/s.Afterthecollision,thenewspeedofthecueballandtherelativedirectionof
theballsareclosestto
A) 2.79m/s,at90toeachother.
B) 2.79m/s,at60toeachother.
C) 8.34m/s,at90toeachother.
D) 8.34m/s,at60toeachother.
Answer: A
Var:1
25) A2.00-kgobjecttravelingeastat20.0m/scollideswitha3.00-kgobjecttravelingwestat10.0
m/s.Afterthecollision,the2.00-kgobjecthasavelocity5.00m/stothewest.Howmuch
kineticenergywaslostduringthecollision?
A) 0.000J
B) 458J
C) 516J
D) 91.7J
E) 175J
Answer: B
Var:1
26) A15-gbulletisshotverticallyintoan2-kgblock.Theblockliftsupward8.0mm(seethe
figure).Thebulletpenetratestheblockandcomestorestinitinatimeintervalof0.0010s.
Assumetheforceonthebulletisconstantduringpenetrationandthatairresistanceis
negligible.Theinitialkineticenergyofthebulletisclosestto
A) 21J
B) 14J
C) 10J
D) 0.0012J
E) 0.16J
Answer: A
Var:50+
27) An8.0-gbulletisshotintoa4.0-kgblock,atrestonafrictionlesshorizontalsurface(seethe
figure).Thebulletremainslodgedintheblock.Theblockmovesintoanidealmasslessspring
andcompressesitby8.7cm.Thespringconstantofthespringis2400N/m.Theinitialvelocity
ofthebulletisclosestto
A) 1100m/s.
B) 1200m/s.
C) 900m/s.
D) 1300m/s.
E) 1000m/s.
Answer: A
Var:1
28) Inthefigure,determinethecharacterofthecollision.Themassesoftheblocks,andthe
velocitiesbeforeandafteraregiven.Thecollisionis
A) perfectlyelastic.
B) partiallyinelastic.
C) completelyinelastic.
D) characterizedbyanincreaseinkineticenergy.
E) notpossiblebecausemomentumisnotconserved.
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter10:Energy
29) Inthefigure,determinethecharacterofthecollision.Themassesoftheblocks,andthe
velocitiesbeforeandafteraregiven,andnootherunbalancedforcesactontheseblocks.The
collisionis
A) perfectlyelastic.
B) partiallyinelastic.
C) completelyinelastic.
D) characterizedbyanincreaseinkineticenergy.
E) notpossiblebecausemomentumisnotconserved.
Answer: E
Var:1
30) A5.00-kgballishangingfromalongbutverylightflexiblewirewhenitisstruckbya1.50 -kg
stonetravelinghorizontallytotherightat12.0m/s.Thestonereboundstotheleftwithaspeed
of8.50m/s,andtheballswingstoamaximumheight haboveitsoriginallevel.Thevalueofh
isclosestto
A) 0.0563m.
B) 1.10m.
C) 1.93m.
D) 2.20m.
E) 3.69m.
Answer: C
Var:1
31) Onafrictionlesshorizontaltable,twoblocks(A ofmass2.00kgandB ofmass3.00kg)are
pressedtogetheragainstanidealmasslessspringthatstores75.0Jofelasticpotentialenergy.
Theblocksarenotattachedtothespringandarefreetomovefreeofitoncetheyarereleased
fromrest.Themaximumspeedachievedbyeachblockisclosestto:
A) 6.71m/s(A),4.47m/s(B)
B) 4.47m/s(A),6.71m/s(B)
C) 5.48m/sforboth
D) 6.12m/s(A),5.00m/s(B)
E) 5.00m/s(A),6.12m/s(B)
Answer: A
Var:1
32) A10.0-kgshellistravelinghorizontallytotherightat25.0m/srelativetothegroundwhenit
explodesintotwofragments,oneofmass3.00kgandtheotherofmass7.00kg.Thelighter
fragmentgoesdirectlyforward,andtheexplosionreleases1.50 10
3
Jofmechanicalenergyto
thefragments.Findthemagnitudeanddirectionofthevelocityoftheheavierfragment
relativetothegroundjustaftertheexplosion.Ignoretheeffectofanyejectedgases.
Answer: 13.7m/stotheright
Var:1
33) A1.2-kgspring-activatedtoybombslidesonasmoothsurfacealongthe x-axiswithaspeed
of0.50m/s.Attheorigin0,thebombexplodesintotwofragments.Fragment1hasamassof
0.40kgandaspeedof0.90m/salongthenegativey-axis.Inthefigure,theenergyreleasedby
theexplosionisclosestto
A) 0.20J.
B) 0.24J.
C) 0.28J.
D) 0.32J.
E) 0.36J.
Answer: D
Var:1
Chapter11 Work
1) Ifthedotproductoftwononzerovectorsiszero,thevectorsmustbeperpendiculartoeach
other.
A) True
B) False
Answer: A
Var:1
2) Iftwononzerovectorspointinthesamedirection,theirdotproductmustbezero.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
3) Thevalueofthedotproductoftwovectorsdependsontheparticularcoordinatesystembeing
used.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
4) Twomen,JoelandJerry,pushagainstawall.Jerrystopsafter10min,whileJoelisableto
pushfor5.0minlonger.Comparetheworktheydo.
A) Bothmendopositivework,butJoeldoes75%moreworkthanJerry.
B) Bothmendopositivework,butJoeldoes50%moreworkthanJerry.
C) Bothmendopositivework,butJerrydoes50%moreworkthanJoel.
D) Bothmendopositivework,butJoeldoes25%moreworkthanJerry.
E) Neitherofthemdoesanywork.
Answer: E
Var:1
5) Astockpersonatthelocalgrocerystorehasajobconsistingofthefollowingfivesegments:
(1)pickingupboxesoftomatoesfromthestockroomfloor
(2)acceleratingtoacomfortablespeed
(3)carryingtheboxestothetomatodisplayatconstantspeed
(4)deceleratingtoastop
(5)loweringtheboxesslowlytothefloor.
Duringwhichofthefivesegmentsofthejobdoesthestockpersondopositiveworkonthe
boxes?
A) (1)and(5)
B) (1)only
C) (1),(2),(4),and(5)
D) (1)and(2)
E) (2)and(3)
Answer: D
Var:1
6) A3.00kgballswingsrapidlyinacompleteverticalcircleofradius2.00mbyalightstringthat
isfixedatoneend.Theballmovessofastthatthestringisalwaystautandperpendicularto
thevelocityoftheball.Astheballswingsfromitslowestpointtoitshighestpoint
A) theworkdoneonitbygravityandtheworkdoneonitbythetensioninthestringare
bothequalto-118J.
B) theworkdoneonitbygravityis-118Jandtheworkdoneonitbythetensioninthe
stringis+118J.
C) theworkdoneonitbygravityis+118Jandtheworkdoneonitbythetensioninthe
stringis-118J.
D) theworkdoneonitbygravityis-118Jandtheworkdoneonitbythetensioninthe
stringiszero.
E) theworkdoneonitbygravityandtheworkdoneonitbythetensioninthestringare
bothequaltozero.
Answer: D
Var:1
7) A4.0kgobjectismovingwithspeed2.0m/s.A1.0kgobjectismovingwithspeed4.0m/s.
Bothobjectsencounterthesameconstantbrakingforce,andarebroughttorest.Whichobject
travelsthegreaterdistancebeforestopping?
A) the4.0kgobject
B) the1.0kgobject
C) Bothobjectstravelthesamedistance.
D) Itisimpossibletoknowwithoutknowinghowlongeachforceacts.
Answer: C
Var:1
8) Ifaforcealwaysactsperpendiculartoanobjectsdirectionofmotion,thatforcecannotchange
theobjectskineticenergy.
A) True
B) False
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter11:Work
9) Threecars(carF,carG,andcarH)aremovingwiththesamevelocitywhenthedriver
suddenlyslamsonthebrakes,lockingthewheels.Themostmassivecariscar F,theleast
massiveiscarH,andallthreecarshaveidenticaltires.
(a) Whichcartravelsthelongestdistancetoskidtoastop?
A)CarF
B)CarG
C)CarH
D)Theyalltravelthesamedistanceinstopping.
(b) Forwhichcardoesfrictiondothelargestamountofworkinstoppingthecar?
A)CarF
B)CarG
C)CarH
D)Theamountofworkdonebyfrictionisthesameforallcars.
Answer: (a)D(b)A
Var:1
10) Twoobjects,oneofmassmandtheotherofmass2m,aredroppedfromthetopofabuilding.
Whentheyhittheground
A) bothofthemwillhavethesamekineticenergy.
B) theheavieronewillhavetwicethekineticenergyofthelighterone.
C) theheavieronewillhavefourtimesthekineticenergyofthelighterone.
D) theheavieronewillhave 2timesthekineticenergyofthelighterone.
Answer: B
Var:1
11) Swimmersatawaterparkhaveachoiceoftwofrictionlesswaterslidesasshowninthefigure.
Althoughbothslidesdropoverthesameheight, h,slide1isstraightwhileslide2iscurved,
droppingquicklyatfirstandthenlevelingout.Howdoesthespeed v
1
ofaswimmerreaching
theendofslide1compareswithv
2
,thespeedofaswimmerreachingtheendofslide2?
A) v
1
>v
2
B) v
1
<v
2
C) v
1
=v
2
D) Nosimplerelationshipexistsbetweenv
1
andv
2
becausewedonotknowthecurvature
ofslide2.
Answer: C
Var:1
12) Twostones,oneofmassmandtheotherofmass2m,arethrowndirectlyupwardwiththe
samevelocityatthesametimefromgroundlevelandfeelnoairresistance.Whichstatement
aboutthesestonesistrue?
A) Theheavierstonewillgotwiceashighasthelighteronebecauseitinitiallyhadtwiceas
muchkineticenergy.
B) Bothstoneswillreachthesameheightbecausetheyinitiallyhadthesameamountof
kineticenergy.
C) Attheirhighestpoint,bothstoneswillhavethesamegravitationalpotentialenergy
becausetheyreachthesameheight.
D) Atitshighestpoint,theheavierstonewillhavetwiceasmuchgravitationalpotential
energyasthelighteronebecauseitistwiceasheavy.
E) Thelighterstonewillreachitsmaximumheightsoonerthantheheavierone.
Answer: D
Var:1
13) Twoidenticalballsarethrowndirectlyupward,ballAatspeed v andballBatspeed2v,and
theyfeelnoairresistance.Whichstatementabouttheseballsiscorrect?
A) BallBwillgotwiceashighasballA becauseithadtwicetheinitialspeed.
B) BallBwillgofourtimesashighasballA becauseithadfourtimestheinitialkinetic
energy.
C) Theballswillreachthesameheightbecausetheyhavethesamemassandthesame
acceleration.
D) Atitshighestpoint,ballB willhavetwiceasmuchgravitationalpotentialenergyasball
Abecauseitstartedoutmovingtwiceasfast.
E) Attheirhighestpoint,theaccelerationofeachballisinstantaneouslyequaltozero
becausetheystopforaninstant.
Answer: B
Var:1
Chapter11:Work
14) Aboxofmassmispressedagainst(butisnotattachedto)anidealspringofforceconstant k
andnegligiblemass,compressingthespringadistancex.Afteritisreleased,theboxslidesup
africtionlessinclineasshowninthefigureandeventuallystops.Ifwerepeatthisexperiment
withaboxofmass2m
A) thelighterboxwillgotwiceashighuptheinclineastheheavierbox.
B) justasitmovesfreeofthespring,thelighterboxwillbemovingtwiceasfastasthe
heavierbox.
C) bothboxeswillhavethesamespeedjustastheymovefreeofthespring.
D) bothboxeswillreachthesamemaximumheightontheincline.
E) justasitmovesfreeofthespring,theheavierboxwillhavetwiceasmuchkineticenergy
asthelighterbox.
Answer: A
Var:1
butinsteadcompressthespringadistanceof2x
A) theboxwillgouptheinclinetwiceashighasbefore.
B) justasitmovesfreeofthespring,theboxwillbetravelingtwiceasfastasbefore.
C) justasitmovesfreeofthespring,theboxwillbetravelingfourtimesasfastasbefore.
D) justasitmovesfreeofthespring,theboxwillhavetwiceasmuchkineticenergyas
before.
E) justbeforeitisreleased,theboxhastwiceasmuchelasticpotentialenergyasbefore.
Answer: B
Var:1
butinsteaduseaspringhavingforceconstant2k
A) theboxwillgouptheinclinetwiceashighasbefore.
B) justasitmovesfreeofthespring,thekineticenergyoftheboxwillbetwiceasgreatas
before.
C) justasitmovesfreeofthespring,thespeedoftheboxwillbe 2timesasgreatas
before.
D) Alloftheabovechoicesarecorrect.
E) Noneoftheabovechoicesiscorrect.
Answer: D
Var:1
17) Whenanobjectissolelyundertheinfluenceofconservativeforces,thesumofitskineticand
potentialenergiesdoesnotchange.
A) True
B) False
Answer: A
Var:1
18) Aballdropssomedistanceandgains30Jofkineticenergy.DoNOTignoreairresistance.
Howmuchgravitationalpotentialenergydidtheballlose?
A) morethan30J
B) exactly30J
C) lessthan30J
Answer: A
Var:1
19) Aballdropssomedistanceandloses30Jofgravitationalpotentialenergy.DoNOTignoreair
resistance.Howmuchkineticenergydidtheballgain?
A) morethan30J
B) exactly30J
C) lessthan30J
Answer: C
Var:1
Chapter11:Work
20) Block1andblock2havethesamemass, m,andarereleasedfromthetopoftwoinclined
planesofthesameheightmaking30and60angleswiththehorizontaldirection,
respectively.Ifthecoefficientoffrictionisthesameinbothcases,whichoftheblocksisgoing
fasterwhenitreachesthebottomofitsrespectiveincline?
A) Wemustknowtheactualmassesoftheblockstoanswer.
B) Bothblockshavethesamespeedatthebottom.
C) Block1isfaster.
D) Block2isfaster.
E) Thereisnotenoughinformationtoanswerthequestionbecausewedonotknowthe
valueofthecoefficientofkineticfriction.
Answer: D
Var:1
21) Agirlthrowsastonefromabridge.Considerthefollowingwaysshemightthrowthestone.
Thespeedofthestoneasitleavesherhandisthesameineachcase,andairresistanceis
negligible.
CaseA:Thrownstraightup.
CaseB:Thrownstraightdown.
CaseC:Thrownoutatanangleof45abovehorizontal.
CaseD:Thrownstraightouthorizontally.
Inwhichcasewillthespeedofthestonebegreatestwhenithitsthewaterbelow?
A) CaseA
B) CaseB
C) CaseC
D) CaseD
E) Thespeedwillbethesameinallcases.
Answer: E
Var:1
22) Which,ifany,ofthefollowingstatementsconcerningtheworkdonebyaconservativeforceis
NOTtrue?
A) Itcanalwaysbeexpressedasthedifferencebetweentheinitialandfinalvaluesofa
potentialenergyfunction.
B) Itisindependentofthepathofthebodyanddependsonlyonthestartingandending
points.
C) Whenthestartingandendingpointsarethesame,thetotalworkiszero.
D) Alloftheabovestatementsaretrue.
E) Noneoftheabovestatementsaretrue.
Answer: D
Var:1
23) Apotentialenergyfunctionforsystem1isgivenby U
1
(x)=Cx
2
+Bx
3
.Thepotentialenergy
functionforsystem2isgivenbyU
2
(x)=A+Cx
2
+Bx
3
,whereAisapositivequantity.How
doestheforceonsystem1relatetotheforceonsystem2atagivenposition?
A) Theforceonthetwosystemswillbeinoppositedirections.
B) Theforceisidenticalonthetwosystems.
C) Theforceonthesecondsystemwillbewithlessthantheforceonthefirstsystem.
D) Thereisnorelationshipbetweentheforcesonthetwosystems.
E) Theforceonthesecondsystemwillbewithgreaterthantheforceonthefirstsystem.
Answer: B
Var:1
24) Theplotinthefigureshowsthepotentialenergyofaparticle,duetotheforceexertedonitby
anotherparticle,asafunctionofdistance.Atwhichofthethreepointslabeledinthefigureis
themagnitudeoftheforceontheparticlegreatest?
A) pointX
B) pointY
C) pointZ
Answer: A
Var:1
11.2 Problems
1) Determinethescalarproductof A=6.0i
^
+4.0j
^
-2.0k
^
and B=5.0i
^
-6.0j
^
-3.0k
^
.
A) 30i
^
+24j
^
+6k
^
B) 30i
^
-24j
^
+6k
^
C) 12
D) 60
E) undefined
Answer: C
Var:5
Chapter11:Work
2) Determinetheanglebetweenthedirectionsofvector A=3.00i
^
+1.00j
^
andvector B=-3.00i
^
+
3.00j
^
.
A) 26.6
B) 30.0
C) 88.1
D) 117
E) 45.2
Answer: D
Var:5
3) Thescalarproductofvector A=3.00i
^
+2.00j
^
andvector Bis10.0.Whichofthefollowing
vectorscouldbevector B?
A) 2.00i
^
+4.00j
^
B) 4.00i
^
+6.00j
^
C) 5.00i
^
+4.00j
^
D) 12.0i
^
E) 2.00i
^
+2.00j
^
Answer: E
Var:5
4) Theanglebetweenvector A=2.00i
^
+3.00j
^
andvector Bis45.0.Thescalarproductofvectors
Aand Bis3.00.Ifthexcomponentofvector Bispositive,whatisvector B.
A) 4.76i
^
+0.952j
^
B) 1.15i
^
+0.231j
^
C) 2.96i
^
+-0.973j
^
D) 0.871i
^
+0.419j
^
E) 3.42i
^
+0.684j
^
Answer: B
Var:5
5) Whatistheanglebetweenthevector A=+3i
^
-2j
^
-3k
^
andthe+y-axis?
A) 115
B) 65
C) 25
D) 155
E) 90
Answer: A
Var:16
6) If A=3i
^
-j
^
+4k
^
and B=xi
^
+j
^
-5k
^
,findxso Bwillbeperpendicularto A.
Answer: 7
Var:1
7) Twoboyssearchingforburiedtreasurearestandingunderneaththesametree.Oneboywalks
18meastandthen18mnorth.Theotherboywalks 16mwestandthen11mnorth.Findthe
scalarproductoftheirnetdisplacementsfromthetree.
Answer: -90m
2
Var:50+
8) Arectangularboxispositionedwithitsverticesatthefollowingpoints:
A=(0,0,0) C=(2,4,0) E=(0,0,3) G=(2,4,3)
B=(2,0,0) D=(0,4,0) F=(2,0,3) H=(0,4,3)
Ifthecoordinatesallhavethreesignificantfigures,theanglebetweenthelinesegments AG
andAHisclosestto:
A) 21.8.
B) 22.5.
C) 26.6.
D) 36.9.
E) 45.0.
Answer: A
Var:1
9) Forthevectorsshowninthefigure,assumenumbersareaccuratetotwosignificantfigures.
Thescalarproduct A Cisclosestto
A) zero.
B) 16.
C) 45.
D) -16.
E) -45.
Answer: D
Var:1
Chapter11:Work
10) Threeforces,F
1
=20.0N,F
2
= 40.0N,andF
3
= 10.0Nactonanobjectwithamassof2.00kg
whichcanmovealongafrictionlessinclinedplaneasshowninthefigure.Thequestionsrefer
totheinstantwhentheobjecthasmovedthroughadistanceof0.600malongthesurfaceofthe
inclinedplaneintheupwarddirection.Calculatetheamountofworkdoneby
(a)F
1
(b)F
2
(c)F
3
.
Answer: (a)12.0J(b)20.8J(c)0.00J
Var:1
11) Youcarrya7.0kgbagofgroceries1.2m abovethelevelfloorataconstantvelocityof75cm/s
acrossaroomthatis2.3mroom.Howmuchworkdoyoudoonthebagintheprocess?
A) 0.0J
B) 82J
C) 158J
D) 134J
Answer: A
Var:50+
12) Astudentslidesher80.0-kgdeskacrossthelevelfloorofherdormitoryroomadistance4.00
matconstantspeed.Ifthecoefficientofkineticfrictionbetweenthedeskandtheflooris
0.400,howmuchworkdidshedo?
A) 128J
B) 3.14kJ
C) 26.7J
D) 1.26kJ
E) 24.0J
Answer: D
Var:5
13) Findthenetworkdonebyfrictiononthebodyofasnakeslitheringinacompletecircleof
3.93mradius.Thecoefficientoffrictionbetweenthegroundandthesnakeis0.25,andthe
snakesweightis54.0N.
A) -330J
B) 0J
C) -3300J
D) -670J
Answer: A
Var:50+
14) Acraneliftsa425kgsteelbeamverticallyadistanceof117 m. Howmuchworkdoesthecrane
doonthebeamifthebeamacceleratesupwardat1.8m/s
2
?Neglectfrictionalforces.
A) 5.810
5
J
B) 3.410
5
J
C) 4.010
5
J
D) 4.910
5J
Answer: A
Var:50+
15) Anairplaneflies120kmataconstantaltitudeinadirection30.0northofeast.Awindis
blowingthatresultsinanethorizontalforceontheplaneduetotheairof2.40kNina
direction10.0southofwest.Howmuchworkisdoneontheplanebytheair?
A) -2.7110
8
J
B) -0.98510
8
J
C) -22110
8
J
D) 22110
8
J
E) 0.82110
8
J
Answer: A
Var:1
16) Atravelerpullsonasuitcasestrapatanangle36abovethehorizontal.If 908Jofworkare
donebythestrapwhilemovingthesuitcaseahorizontaldistanceof15m,whatisthetension
inthestrap?
A) 75N
B) 61N
C) 85N
D) 92N
Answer: A
Var:50+
Chapter11:Work
17) Anobjectisacteduponbyaforcethatrepresentedbytheforcevs.positiongraphinthefigure.
Whatistheworkdoneastheobjectmoves
(a)from4mto6m?
(b)from6mto12m?
Answer: (a)20J (b)30J
Var:1
18) Inthefigure,aconstantexternalforceP = 160Nisappliedtoa20.0-kgbox,whichisona
roughhorizontalsurface.Whiletheforcepushestheboxadistanceof8.00m,thespeed
changesfrom0.500m/sto2.60m/s.Theworkdonebyfrictionduringthisprocessisclosestto
A) -1040J.
B) +1110J.
C) +1170J.
D) +1040J.
E) -1170J.
Answer: A
Var:1
19) Inthefigure,a700-kgcrateisonaroughsurfaceinclinedat30.Aconstantexternalforce P =
5600Nisappliedhorizontallytothecrate.Astheforcepushesthecrateadistanceof3.00m
uptheincline,thespeedchangesfrom1.40m/sto2.50m/s.Howmuchworkdoesgravitydo
onthecrateduringthisprocess?
A) -10,300J
B) -3400J
C) +10,300J
D) +3400J
E) zero
Answer: A
Var:1
20) Agraphoftheforceonanobjectasafunctionofitspositionisshowninthefigure.Determine
theamountofworkdonebythisforceonanobjectthatmovesfrom x=1.0mtox=6.0m.
(Assumeanaccuracyof2significantfiguresforthenumbersonthegraph.)
A) 26J
B) 29J
C) 22J
D) 35J
E) 27J
Answer: A
Var:5
Chapter11:Work
21) Agraphoftheforceonanobjectasafunctionofitspositionisshowninthefigure.Determine
theamountofworkdonebythisforceontheobjectduringadisplacementfrom x=-2.00mto
x=2.00m.(Assumeanaccuracyof3significantfiguresforthenumbersonthegraph.)
A) -12.0J
B) -3.00J
C) -1.00J
D) 12.0J
E) 3.00J
Answer: C
Var:1
22) Aforce F=12Ni
^
-10Nj
^
actsonanobject.Howmuchworkdoesthisforcedoastheobject
movesfromtheorigintothepoint r =13mi
^
+11mj
^
?
A) 46J
B) 266J
C) 37J
D) 62J
Answer: A
Var:8
23) Aworkerliftsa20.0-kgbucketofconcretefromthegrounduptothetopofa 20.0-mtall
building.Thebucketisinitiallyatrest,butistravelingat4.0m/swhenitreachesthetopofthe
building.Whatistheminimumamountofworkthattheworkerdidinliftingthebucket?
A) 3.92kJ
B) 400J
C) 560J
D) 4.08kJ
E) 160J
Answer: D
Var:5
24) Aballisthrownupwardatananglewithaspeedanddirectionsuchthatitreachesa
maximumheightof16.0mabovethepointitwasreleased,withnoappreciableairresistance.
Atitsmaximumheightithasaspeedof18.0m/s.Withwhatspeedwastheballreleased?
A) 25.3m/s
B) 22.2m/s
C) 33.0m/s
D) 29.2m/s
E) 36.9m/s
Answer: A
Var:5
25) A1000kgcarexperiencesanetforceof9500Nwhiledeceleratingfrom30.0m/sto23.4m/s.
Howfardoesittravelwhileslowingdown?
A) 18.5m
B) 17.4m
C) 20.2m
D) 21.9m
Answer: A
Var:1
26) Aconstanthorizontalpullactsonasledonahorizontalfrictionlessicepond.Thesledstarts
fromrest.Whenthepullactsoveradistancex,thesledacquiresaspeedvandakineticenergy
K.Ifthesamepullinsteadactsovertwicethisdistance:
A) Thesledsspeedwillbe2v anditskineticenergywillbe2K.
B) Thesledsspeedwillbe2vanditskineticenergywillbeK 2.
C) Thesledsspeedwillbev 2anditskineticenergywillbe2K.
D) Thesledsspeedwillbev 2anditskineticenergywillbeK 2.
E) Thesledsspeedwillbe4v anditskineticenergywillbe2K.
Answer: C
Var:1
Chapter11:Work
27) Inthefigure,a900-kgcrateisonaroughsurfaceinclinedat30.Aconstantexternalforce
P=7200Nisappliedhorizontallytothecrate.Whilethisforcepushesthecrateadistanceof
3.0muptheincline,itsvelocitychangesfrom 1.2m/sto2.3m/s.Howmuchworkdoesfriction
doduringthisprocess?
A) -3700J
B) -7200J
C) +3700J
D) +7200J
E) zero
Answer: A
Var:50+
28) A5.00-kgboxslides4.00macrossthefloorbeforecomingtorest.Whatisthecoefficientof
kineticfrictionbetweenthefloorandtheboxiftheboxhadaninitialspeedof3.00m/s?
A) 1.13
B) 0.587
C) 0.115
D) 0.229
E) 0.267
Answer: C
Var:5
29) Youslamonthebrakesofyourcarinapanic,andskidacertaindistanceonastraight,level
road.Ifyouhadbeentravelingtwiceasfast,whatdistancewouldthecarhaveskidded,
underidenticalconditions?
A) Itwouldhaveskidded4timesfarther.
B) Itwouldhaveskidded2timesfarther.
C) Itwouldhaveskidded 2timesfarther.
D) Itwouldhaveskidded1/ 2timesfarther.
E) Itwouldhaveskidded1/2asfar.
Answer: A
Var:1
30) Inthefigure,twoboxes,eachofmass24kg,areatrestandconnectedasshown.The
coefficientofkineticfrictionbetweentheinclinedsurfaceandtheboxis0.31.Findthespeedof
theboxesjustaftertheyhavemoved1.6m.
Answer: 1.9m/s
Var:1
31) A4.00-kgmassisattachedtoaverylightidealspringhangingverticallyandhangsatrestin
theequilibriumposition.Thespringconstantofthespringis1.00N/cm.Themassispulled
downward2.00cmandreleased.Whatisthespeedofthemasswhenitis1.00cmabovethe
pointfromwhichitwasreleased?
A) 0.0443m/s
B) 0.0744m/s
C) 0.0201m/s
D) 0.0866m/s
E) Themasswillnotreachtheheightspecified.
Answer: D
Var:5
32) Anunusualspringhasarestoringforceofmagnitude F=(2.00N/m)x+(1.00N/m
2
)x
2
,where
xisthestretchofthespringfromitsequilibriumlength.A3.00-kgobjectisattachedtothis
springandreleasedfromrestafterstretchingthespring 1.50m.Iftheobjectslidesovera
frictionlesshorizontalsurface,howfastisitmovingwhenthespringreturnstoitsequilibrium
length?
A) 2.06m/s
B) 4.33m/s
C) 3.27m/s
D) 5.48m/s
E) 1.50m/s
Answer: E
Var:5
Chapter11:Work
33) Theforceona3.00-kgobjectasafunctionofpositionisshowninthefigure.Ifanobjectis
movingat2.50m/swhenitislocatedatx=2.00m,whatwillitsspeedbewhenitreachesx=
8.00m?(Assumethatthenumbersonthegraphareaccurateto3significantfigures.)
A) 3.25m/s
B) 3.70m/s
C) 4.10m/s
D) 2.90m/s
E) 4.50m/s
Answer: A
Var:1
34) A7.0-kgrockissubjecttoavariableforcegivenbytheequation
F(x)=6.0N-(2.0N/m)x+(6.0N/m
2
)x
2
Iftherockinitiallyisatrestattheorigin,finditsspeedwhenithasmoved9.0m.
Answer: 20m/s
Var:1
35) A1500-kgcaracceleratesfrom0to25m/sin7.0swithnegligiblefrictionandairresistance.
Whatistheaveragepowerdeliveredbytheengine?(1hp =746W)
A) 50hp
B) 60hp
C) 70hp
D) 80hp
E) 90hp
Answer: E
Var:1
36) Achildpullsonawagonwithahorizontalforceof75N. Ifthewagonmoveshorizontallya
totalof42min3.0min,whatistheaveragepowergeneratedbythechild?
A) 18W
B) 22W
C) 24W
D) 27W
Answer: A
Var:29
37) Acarneedstogenerate75.0hp inordertomaintainaconstantvelocityof 27.3m/sonaflat
road.Whatisthemagnitudeofthetotalresistiveforceactingonthecar(duetofriction,air
resistance,etc.)?(1hp=746W)
A) 2.0510
3
N
B) 2.75N
C) 1.0310
3
N
D) 2.8710
3
N
Answer: A
Var:50+
38) Howlongwillittakea7.08hpmotortolifta250kgbeamdirectlyupwardatconstantvelocity
fromthegroundtoaheightof45.0m?Assumefrictionalforcesarenegligible.(1hp =746W)
A) 20.9s
B) 1.5610
4
s
C) 2.1810
4
s
D) 39.7s
Answer: A
Var:50+
39) Calculatetheminimumaveragepoweroutputnecessaryfora 55.8 kg persontorunupa12.0
mlonghillside,whichisinclinedat25.0abovethehorizontal,in3.00s.Youcanneglectthe
personskineticenergy.Expressyouranswerinhorsepower.(1hp =746W)
A) 1.24hp
B) 2.93hp
C) 1.86hp
D) 0.740hp
Answer: A
Var:50+
40) Ifelectricitycosts6.00/kWh(kilowatt-hour),howmuchwoulditcostyoutoruna120W
stereosystem4.0hoursperdayfor4.0weeks?
A) $0.81
B) $0.12
C) $1.38
D) $2.27
Answer: A
Var:50+
41) Theworkperformedasafunctionoftimeforaprocessisgivenby W=at
3
,wherea=2.4J/s
3
.
Whatistheinstantaneouspoweroutputatt=3.7s?
A) 99W
B) 69W
C) 138W
D) 207W
Answer: A
Var:26
Chapter11:Work
42) Itrequires6.0Jofworkisneededtopusha2.0-kgobjectfrompointA topointBofthe
frictionlessrampasshowninthefigure.WhatisthelengthsoftherampfromAtoB?
Answer: 0.61m
Var:1
43) A2.0gbeadslidesalongafrictionlesswire,asshowninthefigure.Atpoint A,thebeadis
movingtotherightbutwithnegligiblespeed.
(a)Whatisthepotentialenergyofthebeadatpoint A?
(b)Whatisthekineticenergyofthebeadatpoint B?
(c)Whatisthespeedofthebeadatpoint B?
(d)WhatisthespeedofthebeadatpointC?
Answer: (a)2.010
-2
J(b)2.010
-2
J(c)4.4m/s(d)2.0m/s
Var:1
44) Arollercoasterofmass80.0kgismovingwithaspeedof20.0m/satposition Aasshownin
thefigure.Theverticalheightabovegroundlevelatposition Ais200m.Neglectfriction.
(a)Whatisthetotalmechanicalenergyoftherollercoasteratpoint A?
(b)Whatisthetotalmechanicalenergyoftherollercoasteratpoint B?
(c)Whatisthespeedoftherollercoasteratpoint B?
(d)WhatisthespeedoftherollercoasteratpointC?
Answer: (a)1.7310
5
J(b)1.7310
5
J(c)65.7m/s(d)34.4m/s
Var:1
45) Amassispressedagainst(butisnotattachedto)anidealhorizontalspringonafrictionless
horizontalsurface.Afterbeingreleasedfromrest,themassacquiresamaximumspeed vanda
maximumkineticenergyK.Ifinsteadthemassinitiallycompressesthespringtwiceasfar:
A) Itsmaximumspeedwillbe2v anditsmaximumkineticenergywillbe2K.
B) Itsmaximumspeedwillbe2vanditsmaximumkineticenergywillbe 2K.
C) Itsmaximumspeedwillbev 2anditsmaximumkineticenergywillbe2K.
D) Itsmaximumspeedwillbe2v anditsmaximumkineticenergywillbe4K.
E) Itsmaximumspeedwillbe4v anditsmaximumkineticenergywillbe2K.
Answer: C
Var:1
46) A2.0kgmassismovingalongthe x-axis.Thepotentialenergycurveasafunctionofposition
isshowninthefigure.Thekineticenergyoftheobjectattheoriginis12J.Thesystemis
conservative,andthereisnofriction.
(a)Whatwillbethekineticenergyat2.0malongthe+x-axis?
(b)Whatwillbethespeedoftheobjectat6.0malongthe +x-axis?
Answer: (a)24J (b)2.2m/s
Var:1
Chapter11:Work
47) An8.0-mmasslessrodislooselypinnedtoafrictionlesspivotat 0,asshowninthefigure.A
verysmall4.0-kgballisattachedtotheotherendoftherod.Theballisheldat A,wherethe
rodmakesa30angleabovethehorizontal,andisreleased.Theball -rodassemblythen
swingsfreelywithnegligiblefrictioninaverticalcirclebetweenAandB.Thetensioninthe
rodwhentheballpassesthroughthelowestpointat Disclosestto
A) 160N.
B) 200N.
C) 120N.
D) 80N.
E) 40N.
Answer: A
Var:1
48) Inthefigure,a4.0-kgballisontheendofa1.6-mropethatisfixedat0.Theballisheldat
pointA,withtheropehorizontal,andisgivenaninitialdownwardvelocity.Theballmoves
throughthreequartersofacirclewithnofrictionandarrivesatB,withtheropebarelyunder
tension.Theinitialvelocityoftheball,atpointA,isclosestto
A) 4.0m/s
B) 5.6m/s
C) 6.3m/s
D) 6.9m/s
E) 7.9m/s
Answer: D
Var:1
49) Inthefigure,averysmalltoyracecarofmass m isreleasedfromrestontheloop-the-loop
track.Ifitisreleasedataheight2Rabovethefloor,howhighisitabovethefloorwhenit
leavesthetrack,neglectingfriction?
A) 1.67R
B) 2.00R
C) 1.50R
D) 1.33R
E) 1.25R
Answer: A
Var:1
50) Inthefigure,a5.00-kgblockismovingat5.00m/salongahorizontalfrictionlesssurface
towardanidealmasslessspringthatisattachedtoawall.Aftertheblockcollideswiththe
spring,thespringiscompressedamaximumdistanceof0.68m.Whatisthespeedoftheblock
whenithasmovedsothatthespringiscompressedtoonlyone-halfofthemaximum
distance?
Answer: 4.3m/s
Var:1
Chapter11:Work
51) A60.0-kgpersondropsfromrestadistanceof1.20mtoaplatformofnegligiblemass
supportedbyanidealstiffspringofnegligiblemass.Theplatformdrops6.00cmbeforethe
personcomestorest.Whatisthespringconstantofthespring?
A) 2.5610
5
N/m
B) 3.9210
5
N/m
C) 5.4510
4
N/m
D) 4.1210
5
N/m
E) 8.8310
4
N/m
Answer: D
Var:1
52) Aspring-loadeddartgunisusedtoshootadartstraightupintotheair,andthedartreachesa
maximumheightof24metersaboveitspointofrelease.Thesamedartisshotupasecond
timefromthesamegun,butthistimethespringiscompressedonlyhalfasfar(comparedto
thefirstshot).Howfarupdoesthedartgothistime?(Neglectfrictionandassumethespring
isidealandmassless.)
A) 6.0m
B) 12m
C) 3.0m
D) 48m
Answer: A
Var:1
53) Ablockslidesdownafrictionlessinclinedramp.Iftherampangleis 17.0anditslengthis
30.0m,findthespeedoftheblockasitreachesthebottomoftheramp,assumingitstarted
slidingfromrestatthetop.
A) 13.1m/s
B) 172m/s
C) 9.26m/s
D) 24.0m/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
54) Considerthemotionofa1.00-kgparticlethatmoveswithpotentialenergygivenby
U(x)=(-2.00Jm)/x+(4.00Jm
2
)/x
2
.Supposetheparticleismovingwithaspeedof3.00m/s
whenitislocatedatx=1.00m.Whatisthespeedoftheobjectwhenitislocatedat x=5.00
m?
A) 2.13m/s
B) 3.00m/s
C) 4.68m/s
D) 3.67m/s
Answer: D
Var:1
55) Acaronarollercoasterstartsatzerospeedatanelevationabovethegroundof26m.Itcoasts
downaslope,andthenclimbsahill.Thetopofthehillisatanelevationof16m.Whatisthe
speedofthecaratthetopofthehill?Neglectanyfrictionaleffects.
A) 14m/s
B) 18m/s
C) 10m/s
D) 9.0m/s
E) 6.0m/s
Answer: A
Var:1
56) Aprojectileisfiredfromgroundlevelatanangleof40.0abovehorizontalataspeedof30.0
m/s.Whatisthespeedoftheprojectilewhenithasreachedaheightequalto50.0%ofits
maximumheight?
A) 26.0m/s
B) 27.4m/s
C) 28.7m/s
D) 26.7m/s
E) 28.1m/s
Answer: D
Var:1
57) Averysmall100-gobjectisattachedtooneendofamassless10-cmrodthatispivoted
withoutfrictionabouttheoppositeend.Therodisheldvertical,withtheobjectatthetop,and
released,allowingtherodtoswing.Whatisthespeedoftheobjectattheinstantthattherodis
horizontal?
A) 0.71m/s
B) 4.0m/s
C) 1.4m/s
D) 2.8m/s
E) 2.8m/s
Answer: D
Var:1
Chapter11:Work
58) A2.0-kgobjectismovingwithoutfrictionalongthex-axis.Thepotentialenergycurveasa
functionofpositionisshowninthefigure,andthesystemisconservative.Ifthespeedofthe
objectattheoriginis4.0m/s,whatwillbeitsspeedat7.0malongthe +x-axis?
A) 4.0m/s
B) 4.2m/s
C) 4.4m/s
D) 4.6m/s
E) 9.8m/s
Answer: B
Var:1
59) Asmallhockeypuckslideswithoutfrictionovertheicyhillshowninthefigureandlands6.20
mfromthefootofthecliffwithnoairresistance.Whatwasitsspeedv
0
atthebottomofthe
hill?
A) 20.8m/s
B) 17.4m/s
C) 14.4m/s
D) 13.7m/s
E) 4.71m/s
Answer: D
Var:1
60) Anobjectisattachedtoahangingunstretchedidealandmasslessspringandslowlylowered
toitsequilibriumposition,adistanceof6.4cmbelowthestartingpoint.Ifinsteadofhaving
beenloweredslowlytheobjectwasdroppedfromrest,howfarthenwoulditthenstretchthe
springatmaximumelongation?
A) 13cm
B) 9.1cm
C) 6.4cm
D) 18cm
E) 26cm
Answer: A
Var:50+
61) Inthefigure,astuntcardrivernegotiatesthefrictionlesstrackshowninsuchawaythatthe
carisbarelyincontactwiththetrackatthetopoftheloop.Theradiusofthetrackis9.9mand
themassofthecaris1800kg.Findthemagnitudeoftheforceofthecaronthetrackwhenthe
carisatpointA.Youcantreatthecarasapointmass.
Answer: 53,000N
Var:1
Chapter11:Work
62) A50.0-kgskierstartingfromresttravels200mdownahillthathasa20.0slopeanda
uniformsurface.Whentheskierreachesthebottomofthehill,herspeedis30.0m/s.
(a)Howmuchworkisdonebyfrictionastheskiercomesdownthehill?
(b)Whatisthemagnitudeofthefrictionforceiftheskiertravelsdirectlydownthehill?
Answer: (a)-1.1010
4
J(b)55.3N
Var:1
63) A5.00-kgobjectmovesclockwisearounda50.0cmradiuscircularpath.Atonelocation,the
speedoftheobjectis4.00m/s.Whentheobjectnextreturnstothissamelocation,thespeedis
3.00m/s.
(a)Howmuchworkwasdonebynonconservative(dissipative)forcesastheobjectmoved
oncearoundthecircle?
(b)Ifthemagnitudeoftheabovenonconservative(dissipative)forcesactingontheobjectis
constant,whatisthevalueofthismagnitude?
Answer: (a)17.5J(b)5.57N
Var:1
64) Inthefigure,ablockofmassm ismovingalongthehorizontalfrictionlesssurfacewithaspeed
of5.70m/s.Iftheslopeis11.0andthecoefficientofkineticfrictionbetweentheblockandthe
inclineis0.260,howfardoestheblocktraveluptheincline?
Answer: 3.72m
Var:1
65) Anobjectofmass4.0kgstartsatrestfromthetopofaroughinclinedplaneofheight10mas
showninthefigure.Ifthespeedoftheobjectatthebottomoftheinclinedplaneis10m/s,how
muchworkdoesfrictiondoonthisobjectasitslidesdowntheincline?
Answer: -190J
Var:1
66) An0.80-kgblockisheldinplaceagainstthespringbya67-Nhorizontalexternalforce(see
thefigure).Theexternalforceisremoved,andtheblockisprojectedwithavelocity v
1
=1.2
m/suponseparationfromthespring.Theblockdescendsarampandhasavelocity v
2
=1.9
m/satthebottom.ThetrackisfrictionlessbetweenpointsAandB.Theblockentersarough
sectionatB,extendingtoE.Thecoefficientofkineticfrictionoverthissectionis0.39.The
velocityoftheblockisv
3
=1.4m/satC.TheblockmovesontoD,whereitstops.Thespring
constantofthespringisclosestto
A) 3900N/m.
B) 2600N/m.
C) 2000N/m.
D) 1600N/m.
E) 1100N/m.
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter11:Work
67) A1.37-kgblockisheldinplaceagainstthespringbya 74-Nhorizontalexternalforce(seethe
figure).Theexternalforceisremoved,andtheblockisprojectedwithavelocity v
1
=1.2m/s
uponseparationfromthespring.Theblockdescendsarampandhasavelocity
2
=1.4m/sat
thebottom.Thetrackisfrictionlessbetweenpoints AandB.Theblockentersaroughsection
atB,extendingtoE.Thecoefficientofkineticfrictionoverthissectionis0.24.Thevelocityof
theblockis
3
=1.4m/satC.TheblockmovesontoD,whereitstops.Theinitialcompression
ofthespringisclosestto:
A) 2.7cm.
B) 1.4cm.
C) 0.96cm.
D) 5.3cm.
E) 3.6cm.
Answer: A
Var:50+
68) A1.86-kgblockisheldinplaceagainstthespringbya 81-N horizontalexternalforce(seethe
figure).Theexternalforceisremoved,andtheblockisprojectedwithavelocity v
1
=1.2m/s
uponseparationfromthespring.Theblockdescendsarampandhasavelocity
2
=1.9m/sat
thebottom.Thetrackisfrictionlessbetweenpoints AandB.Theblockentersaroughsection
atB,extendingtoE.Thecoefficientofkineticfrictionoverthissectionis0.28.Thevelocityof
theblockisv
3
=1.4m/satC.TheblockmovesontoD,whereitstops.Theheighthofthe
rampisclosestto
A) 11
B) 7.3
C) 15
D) 17
E) 18
Answer: A
Var:50+
69) A2.5-kgbox,slidingonaroughhorizontalsurface,hasaspeedof1.2m/swhenitmakes
contactwithaspring(seethefigure).Theblockcomestoamomentaryhaltwhenthe
compressionofthespringis5.0cm.Theworkdonebythefriction,fromtheinstanttheblock
makescontactwiththespringuntiliscomestoamomentaryhalt,is -0.50J.
(a)Whatisthespringconstantofthespring?
(b)Whatisthecoefficientofkineticfrictionbetweentheboxandtheroughsurface?
Answer: (a)1040N/m(b)0.41
Var:1
70) Theonlyforceactingonanobjectmovingalongthe x-axisistheconservativeforcegivenby
F(x)=(2.00N/m)x+(1.00N/m
3
)x
3
.
(a)Whatisthechangeinpotentialenergywhentheobjectmovesfrom x=1.00mtox=2.00
m?
(b)Whatisthechangeinkineticenergywhentheobjectmovesfrom x=1.00mtox=2.00m?
Answer: (a)-6.75J(b)6.75J
Var:1
Chapter11:Work
71) AforceonanobjectisgivenbyF(x)=(2.00N/m)x-(3.00N/m
3
)x
3
.Whatisapotentialenergy
functionU(x)forthisconservativeforce?
Answer: U(x)=(-1.00N/m)x
2
+(0.750N/m
3
)x
4
Var:1
72) AforceonanobjectisgivenbyF(x)=(-4.00N/m)x+(2.00N/m
3
)x
3
.Whatisthechangein
potentialenergyinmovingfrom x=1.00mtox=2.00m?
A) 10.0J
B) -1.50J
C) -10.0J
D) 1.50J
E) 12.0J
Answer: B
Var:1
73) ApotentialenergyfunctionisgivenbyU(x)=(3.00J)x+(1.00J/m
2
)x
3
.Whatistheforce
functionF(x)thatisassociatedwiththispotentialenergyfunction?
Answer: F(x)=-3.00N-(3.00N/m
2
)x
2
Var:1
74) ApotentialenergyfunctionisgivenbyU(x)=(3.00N/m)x-(1.00N/m
3
)x
3
.Atwhatposition
orpositionsistheforceequaltozero?
A) 6.00mand- 6.00m
B) 0.00m, 3.00mand- 3.00m
C) 1.00mand-1.00m
D) 3.00mand-3.00m
E) Theforceisnotzeroatanylocation.
Answer: C
Var:1
75) Thepotentialenergyforacertainmassmovinginonedimensionisgivenby U(x)=(2.0
J/m
3
)x
3
-(15J/m
2
)x
2
+(36J/m)x-23J.Findthelocation(s)wheretheforceonthemassis
zero.
A) 4.0m,5.0m
B) 1.0m
C) 2.0m,3.0m
D) 3.0m,5.0m
Answer: C
Var:1
76) AparticleexperiencesaforcegivenbyF(x)=-x
3
.FindthepotentialfieldU(x)theparticle
isin.(Assumethatthezeroofpotentialenergyislocatedatx=0.)
A) U(x)=-x+
4
x
4
B) U(x)=x-
4
x
4
C) U(x)=3x
2
D) U(x)=-3x
2
Answer: A
Var:1
77) Whenaparticleisadistance r fromtheorigin,itspotentialenergyfunctionisgivenbythe
equationU(r)=kr,wherekisaconstantandr=
x
2
+y
2
+z
2
(a)WhataretheSIunitsof k?
(b)Findamathematicalexpressionintermsofx,y,andzfortheycomponentoftheforceon
theparticle.
(c)IfU=3.00Jwhentheparticleis2.00mfromtheorigin,findthenumericalvalueofthe y
componentoftheforceonthisparticlewhenitisatthepoint(-1.00m,2.00m,3.00m).
Answer: (a)kgm/s
2
(orJ/morN)(b)F
y
=-
ky
x
2
+y
2
+z
2
(c)-0.802N
Var:1
Chapter12 RotationofaRigidBody
1) Whenarigidbodyrotatesaboutafixedaxis,allthepointsinthebodyhavethesame
A) tangentialspeed.
B) angularacceleration.
C) tangentialacceleration.
D) lineardisplacement.
E) centripetalacceleration.
Answer: B
Var:1
2) Ahorizontaldiskrotatesaboutaverticalaxisthroughitscenter.Point P ismidwaybetween
thecenterandtherimofthedisk,andpoint Qisontherim.Ifthediskturnswithconstant
angularvelocity,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutitaretrue?(Theremaybemorethan
onecorrectchoice.)
A) PandQhavethesamelinearacceleration.
B) Qismovingtwiceasfastas P.
C) ThelinearaccelerationofQ istwiceasgreatasthelinearaccelerationofP.
D) ThelinearaccelerationofP istwiceasgreatasthelinearaccelerationofQ.
E) TheangularvelocityofQ istwiceasgreatastheangularvelocityofP.
Answer: B,C
Var:1
3) Asyouareleavingabuilding,thedooropensoutward.Ifthehingesonthedoorareonyour
right,whatisthedirectionoftheangularvelocityofthedoorasyouopenit?
A) up
B) down
C) toyourleft
D) toyourright
E) forwards
Answer: B
Var:1
4) Whenyourideabicycle,inwhatdirectionistheangularvelocityofthewheels?
A) toyourleft
B) toyourright
C) forwards
D) backwards
E) up
Answer: A
Var:1
5) Adumbbellshapedobjectiscomposedbytwoequalmasses, m,connectedbyarodof
negligiblemassandlengthr.IfI
1
isthemomentofinertiaofthisobjectwithrespecttoanaxis
passingthroughthecenteroftherodandperpendiculartoitand I
2
isthemomentofinertia
withrespecttoanaxispassingthroughoneofthemasses,itfollowsthat
A) I
1
=I
2
.
B) I
1
>I
2
.
C) I
2
>I
1
.
Answer: C
Var:1
6) Iftwoforcesofequalmagnitudeactonanobjectthatishingedatapivot,theforceacting
fartherfromthepivotmustproducethegreatertorqueaboutthepivot.
A) true
B) false
C) unabletodecidewithoutknowingtheshapeoftheobject
Answer: B
Var:1
7) Thetworotatingsystemsshowninthefiguredifferonlyinthatthetwoidenticalmovable
massesarepositionedatdifferentdistancesfromtheaxisofrotation.Ifyoureleasethe
hangingblockssimultaneouslyfromrest,andiftheropesdonotslip,whichblocklandsfirst?
A) Theblockattheleftlandsfirst.
B) Theblockattherightlandsfirst.
C) Bothblockslandatthesametime.
Answer: B
Var:1
8) Ifanirregularlyshapedobject(suchasawrench)isdroppedfromrestinaclassroomandfeels
noairresistance,itwill
A) acceleratebutwillnotspin.
B) accelerateandturnuntilitscenterofgravityreachesitslowestpoint.
C) accelerateandturnaboutitscenterofgravitywithuniformangularspeed.
D) accelerateandturnaboutitscenterofgravitywithuniformangularacceleration.
E) accelerateandspinuntilitscenterofgravityreachesitshighestpoint.
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter12:RotationofaRigidBody
9) Atireisrollingalongaroad,withoutslipping,withavelocityv.Apieceoftapeisattachedto
thetire.Whenthetapeisoppositetheroad(atthetopofthetire),itsvelocitywithrespectto
theroadis
A) 2v.
B) v.
C) 1.5v.
D) zero.
E) Thevelocitydependsontheradiusofthetire.
Answer: A
Var:1
10) ConsiderauniformsolidsphereofradiusR andmassM rollingwithoutslipping.Whichform
ofitskineticenergyislarger,translationalorrotational?
A) Itstranslationalkineticenergyislargerthanitsrotationalkineticenergy.
B) Itsrotationalkineticenergyislargerthanitstranslationalkineticenergy.
C) Bothformsofenergyareequal.
D) Youneedtoknowthespeedofthespheretotell.
Answer: A
Var:1
11) Asolidsphere,solidcylinder,andahollowpipeallhaveequalmassesandradiiandareof
uniformdensity.Ifthethreearereleasedsimultaneouslyatthetopofaninclinedplaneand
rollwithoutslipping,whichonewillreachthebottomfirst?
A) solidsphere
B) hollowpipe
C) solidcylinder
D) Theyallreachthebottomatthesametime.
Answer: A
Var:1
12) Auniformdisk,auniformhoop,andauniformsolidspherearereleasedatthesametimeat
thetopofaninclinedramp.Theyallrollwithoutslipping.Inwhatorderdotheyreachthe
bottomoftheramp?
A) disk,hoop,sphere
B) hoop,sphere,disk
C) sphere,disk,hoop
D) sphere,hoop,disk
E) hoop,disk,sphere
Answer: C
Var:1
13) Aballisreleasedfromrestonanoslipsurface,asshowninthefigure.Afterreachingits
lowestpoint,theballbeginstoriseagain,thistimeonafrictionlesssurfaceasshowninthe
figure.Whentheballreachesitsmaximumheightonthefrictionlesssurface,itis
A) atagreaterheightaswhenitwasreleased.
B) atalesserheightaswhenitwasreleased.
C) atthesameheightaswhenitwasreleased.
D) Itisimpossibletotellwithoutknowingthemassoftheball.
E) Itisimpossibletotellwithoutknowingtheradiusoftheball.
Answer: B
Var:1
14) Theangularmomentumofasystemremainsconstant
A) whenthetotalkineticenergyisconstant.
B) whennonetexternalforceactsonthesystem.
C) whenthelinearmomentumandtheenergyareconstant.
D) whennotorqueactsonthesystem.
E) allthetimesinceitisaconservedquantity.
Answer: D
Var:1
15) Ametalbarishangingfromahookintheceilingwhenitissuddenlystruckbyaballthatis
movinghorizontally(seefigure).Theballiscoveredwithglue,soitstickstothebar.During
thiscollision
A) theangularmomentumofthesystem(ballandbar)isconservedaboutthehookbecause
onlygravityisactingonthesystem.
B) theangularmomentumofthesystem(ballandbar)isnotconservedbecausethehook
exertsaforceonthebar.
C) theangularmomentumofthesystem(ballandbar)isconservedaboutthehookbecause
neitherthehooknorgravityexertsanytorqueonthissystemaboutthehook.
D) boththeangularmomentumofthesystem(ballandbar)anditskineticenergyare
conserved.
E) boththelinearmomentumandtheangularmomentumofthesystem(ballandbar)are
conserved.
Answer: C
Var:1
16) Ifthetorqueonanobjectaddsuptozero
A) theforcesonitalsoadduptozero.
B) theobjectisatrest.
C) theobjectcannotbeturning.
D) theobjectcouldbeacceleratinglinearlybutitcouldnotbeturning.
E) theobjectcouldbebothturningandacceleratinglinearly.
Answer: E
Var:1
17) Aheavyboyandalightweightgirlarebalancedonamasslessseesaw.Iftheybothmove
forwardsothattheyareonehalftheiroriginaldistancefromthepivotpoint,whatwillhappen
totheseesaw?Assumethatbothpeoplearesmallenoughcomparedtothelengthofthe
seesawtobethoughtofaspointmasses.
A) Itisimpossibletosaywithoutknowingthemasses.
B) Itisimpossibletosaywithoutknowingthedistances.
C) Thesidetheboyissittingonwilltiltdownward.
D) Nothingwillhappen;theseesawwillstillbebalanced.
E) Thesidethegirlissittingonwilltiltdownward.
Answer: D
Var:1
18) Theremustbeequalamountsofmassonbothsideofthecenterofmassofanobject.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
19) Iftwovectorsareperpendiculartoeachother,theircrossproductmustbezero.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
20) Iftwovectorspointinoppositedirections,theircrossproductmustbezero.
A) True
B) False
Answer: A
Var:1
21) If Aand B arenonzerovectorsforwhich A B =0,itmustfollowthat
A) A B =0.
B) Aisparallelto B .
C) | A B |=AB.
D) | A B |=1.
Answer: C
Var:1
12.2 Problems
1) Aturbinebladerotateswithangularvelocity (t)=2.00rad/s-2.1.00rad/s
3
t
2
.Whatisthe
angularaccelerationofthebladeatt=9.10s?
A) -38.2rad/s
2
B) -19.1rad/s
2
C) -86.0rad/s
2
D) -36.2rad/s
2
E) -172rad/s
2
Answer: A
Var:50+
2) Theangularvelocityofa755-gwheel15.0cmindiameterisgivenbytheequation (t)= (2.00
rad/s
2
)t+(1.00rad/s
4
)t
3
.
(a)Throughhowmanyradiansdoesthewheelturnduringthefirst2.00sofitsmotion?
(b)Whatistheangularacceleration(inrad/s
2
)ofthewheelattheendofthefirst2.00sofits
motion?
Answer: (a)8.00rad(b)14.0rad/s
2
Var:1
3) Theangularaccelerationofawheelisgiveninrad/s
2
by45t
3
-11t
4
,wheretisinseconds.If
thewheelstartsfromrestatt=0.00s,whenisthenexttimethewheelisatrest?
A) 5.1s
B) 8.4s
C) 6.9s
D) 3.6s
Answer: A
Var:36
4) A1.15-kggrindingwheel22.0cmindiameterisspinningcounterclockwiseatarateof20.0
revolutionspersecond.Whenthepowertothegrinderisturnedoff,thegrindingwheelslows
withconstantangularaccelerationandtakes80.0stocometoarest.
(a)Whatwastheangularacceleration(inrad/s
2
)ofthegrindingwheelasitcametorestifwe
takeacounterclockwiserotationaspositive?
(b)Howmanyrevolutionsdidthewheelmakeduringthetimeitwascomingtorest?
Answer: (a)1.57rad/s
2
(b)800revolutions
Var:1
5) A3.45-kgcentrifugetakes100stospinupfromresttoitsfinalangularspeedwithconstant
angularacceleration.Apointlocated8.00cmfromtheaxisofrotationofthecentrifugemoves
withaspeedof150m/swhenthecentrifugeisatfullspeed.
(a)Whatistheangularacceleration(inrad/s
2
)ofthecentrifugeasitspinsup?
(b)Howmanyrevolutionsdoesthecentrifugemakeasitgoesfromresttoitsfinalangular
speed?
2
(b)1.4910
4
revolutions
Var:1
6) Whena2.75-kgfan,havingblades18.5cmlong,isturnedoff,itsangularspeeddecreases
uniformlyfrom10.0rad/sto6.30rad/sin5.00s.
(a)Whatisthemagnitudeoftheangularaccelerationofthefan?
(b)Throughwhatangle(indegrees)doesitturnwhileitisslowingdownduringthe5.00s?
(c)Ifitsangularaccelerationdoesnotchange,howlongafteritisturnedoffdoesittakethe
fantostop.
2
(b)2330(c)13.5s
Var:1
7) A4.50-kgwheelthatis34.5cmindiameterrotatesthroughanangleof13.8radasitslows
downuniformlyfrom22.0rad/sto13.5rad/s.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheangular
accelerationofthewheel?
A) 0.616rad/s
2
B) 5.45rad/s
2
C) 111rad/s
2
D) 22.5rad/s
2
E) 10.9rad/s
2
Answer: E
Var:1
8) Amachinistturnsthepowerontoagrindingwheel,whichisatrestattimet=0.00s.The
wheelacceleratesuniformlyfor10sandreachestheoperatingangularvelocityof 25rad/s. The
wheelisrunatthatangularvelocityfor37sandthenpowerisshutoff.Thewheeldecelerates
uniformlyat1.5rad/s
2
untilthewheelstops.Inthissituation,thetimeintervalofangular
deceleration(slowingdown)isclosestto:
A) 17s
B) 15s
C) 19s
D) 21s
E) 23s
Answer: A
Var:50+
9) Inthefigure,pointPisatrestwhenitisonthex-axis.ThelinearspeedofpointPwhenit
reachesthey-axisisclosestto
A) 0.18m/s.
B) 0.24m/s.
C) 0.35m/s.
D) 0.49m/s.
E) 0.71m/s.
Answer: C
Var:1
10) Inthefigure,pointPisatrestwhenitisonthex-axis.Thetimet,whenPreturnstothe
originalpositiononthex-axis,isclosestto
A) 13s.
B) 18s.
C) 25s.
D) 35s.
E) 50s.
Answer: D
Var:1
11) A1.25-kgballbeginsrollingfromrestwithconstantangularaccelerationdownahill.Ifit
takes3.60sforittomakethefirstcompleterevolution,howlongwillittaketomakethenext
completerevolution?
Answer: 1.49s
Var:1
12) Apieceofthinuniformwireofmassm andlength3b isbentintoanequilateraltriangle.Find
themomentofinertiaofthewiretriangleaboutanaxisperpendiculartotheplaneofthe
triangleandpassingthroughoneofitsvertices.
A)
2
3
mb
2
B)
7
4
mb
2
C)
1
3
mb
2
D)
7
12
mb
2
E)
1
2
mb
2
Answer: E
Var:1
13) Aslenderuniformrod100.00cmlongisusedasameterstick.Twoparallelaxesthatare
perpendiculartotherodareconsidered.Thefirstaxispassesthroughthe50-cmmarkandthe
secondaxispassesthroughthe30-cmmark.Whatistheratioofthemomentofinertia
throughthesecondaxistothemomentofinertiathroughthefirstaxis?
A) I
2
/I
1
=1.5
B) I
2
/I
1
=1.7
C) I
2
/I
1
=1.9
D) I
2
/I
1
=2.1
E) I
2
/I
1
=2.3
Answer: A
Var:1
14) AuniformsolidspherehasamomentofinertiaI aboutanaxistangenttoitssurface.Whatis
themomentofinertiaofthissphereaboutanaxisthroughitscenter?
A) 1/7I
B) 2/7I
C) 2/5I
D) 3/5I
E) 7/5I
Answer: B
Var:1
15) Inthefigure,aweightliftersbarbellconsistsoftwoidenticaluniformsphericalmasseseach
withradius0.17mandmassof50kg.Theweightsareconnectedbya0.96-muniformsteel
rodwithamassof12kg.Findthemomentofinertiaofthebarbellabouttheaxisthroughthe
center(seefigure).
Answer: 44kgm
2
Var:1
16) Anextremelylightrod1.00mlonghasa2.00-kgmassattachedtooneendanda3.00-kgmass
attachedtotheother.Thesystemrotatesataconstantangularspeedaboutafixedaxis
perpendiculartotherodthatpassesthroughtherod30.0cmfromtheendwiththe3.00 -kg
massattached.Thekineticenergyofthesystemismeasuredtobe100.0J.
(a)Whatisthemomentofinertiaofthissystemaboutthefixedaxis?
(b)Whatistheangularspeed(inrevolutionspersecond)ofthissystem?
Answer: (a)1.25kgm
2
(b)2.01rev/s
Var:1
17) AuniformsolidsphereofmassM andradiusR rotateswithanangularspeedaboutanaxis
throughitscenter.AuniformsolidcylinderofmassM,radiusR,andlength2Rrotates
throughanaxisrunningthroughthecentralaxisofthecylinder.Whatmustbetheangular
speedofthecylindersoitwillhavethesamerotationalkineticenergyasthesphere?
A) 2/5
B) 2/5
C) 4/5
D) 2/ 5
E) / 5
Answer: D
Var:1
18) Whilespinningdownfrom500.0rpmtorest,asoliduniformflywheeldoes 5.1kJofwork.If
theradiusofthediskis1.2m,whatisitsmass?
A) 5.2kg
B) 4.4kg
C) 6.0kg
D) 6.8kg
Answer: A
Var:50+
19) Atanyangularspeed,acertainuniformsolidsphereofdiameter Dhashalfasmuchrotational
kineticenergyasacertainuniformthin-walledhollowsphereofthesamediameterwhen
botharespinningaboutanaxisthroughtheircenters.Ifthemassofthesolidsphereis M,the
massofthehollowsphereis
A) 3/5M.
B) 5/3M.
C) 5/6M.
D) 6/5M.
E) 2M.
Answer: D
Var:1
20) Afuturisticdesignforacaristohavealargesoliddisk-shapedflywheelwithinthecarstoring
kineticenergy.Theuniformflywheelhasmass370kgwitharadiusof0.500mandcanrotate
upto230rev/s.Assumingallofthisstoredkineticenergycouldbetransferredtothelinear
velocityofthe1600-kgcar,findthemaximumattainablespeedofthecar.
Answer: 246m/s
Var:50+
21) Inthefigure,twoblocks,ofmasses2.00kgand3.00kg,areconnectedbyalightstringthat
passesoverafrictionlesspulleyofmomentofinertia0.00400kg m
2
andradius5.00cm.The
coefficientoffrictionforthetabletopis0.300.Theblocksarereleasedfromrest.Usingenergy
methods,findthespeedoftheupperblockjustasithasmoved0.600m.
A) 1.22m/s
B) 5.44m/s
C) 3.19m/s
D) 1.95m/s
E) 1.40m/s
Answer: E
Var:1
22) A1.10-kgwrenchisactingonanuttryingtoturnit.Thelengthofthewrenchliesdirectlyto
theeastofthenut.Aforce150.0Nactsonthewrenchataposition15.0cmfromthecenterof
thenutinadirection30.0northofeast.Whatisthemagnitudeofthetorqueaboutthecenter
ofthenut?
A) 22.5Nm
B) 11.3Nm
C) 19.5Nm
D) 2250Nm
E) 1949Nm
Answer: B
Var:1
23) A95Nforceexertedattheendofa0.50 mlong torquewrenchgivesrisetoatorqueof
15Nm.Whatistheangle(assumedtobelessthan90)betweenthewrenchhandleandthe
directionoftheappliedforce?
A) 18
B) 14
C) 22
D) 25
Answer: A
Var:50+
24) AlighttriangularplateOABisinahorizontalplane.Threeforces,F
1
= 6.0N,F
2
=9.0N, and
F
3
=7.0N,actontheplate,whichispivotedaboutaverticalaxesthroughpoint O.Inthe
figure, F
2
isperpendiculartoOB.Considerthecounterclockwisesenseaspositive.Thesumof
thetorquesabouttheverticalaxisthroughpointO,actingontheplateduetoforces F
1
,F
2
,
andF
3
,isclosestto
A) 4.1Nm
B) 5.4Nm
C) -4.1Nm
D) -5.4Nm
E) zero
Answer: A
Var:50+
25) Aforce F=3.00Ni
^
-2.00Nj
^
actsatalocation r =1.00mi
^
+2.00mj
^
onanobject.Whatisthe
torquethatthisforceappliesaboutanaxisthroughtheoriginperpendiculartothe xy-plane?
A) 1.00Nmk
^
B) 7.00Nmk
^
C) 3.00Nmk
^
D) 5.00Nmk
^
E) 8.00Nmk
^
Answer: E
Var:1
26) Whatisthetorqueabouttheoriginonaparticlelocatedat
r =3mi
^
+4mj
^
-2mk
^
ifaforce
F=5Ni
^
-2Nj
^
+3Nk
^
actsontheparticle?
A) (8i
^
+j
^
-26k
^
)Nm
B) (8i
^
-19j
^
-26k
^
)Nm
C) (8i
^
+2j
^
+k
^
)Nm
D) (16i
^
-19j
^
-26k
^
)Nm
E) (8i
^
-2j
^
+k
^
)Nm
Answer: B
Var:1
27) A72.0-kgpersonpushesonasmalldoorknobwithaforceof5.00Nperpendiculartothe
surfaceofthedoor.Thedoorknobislocated0.800mfromaxisofthefrictionlesshingesofthe
door.Thedoorbeginstorotatewithanangularaccelerationof2.00rad/s
2
.Whatisthe
momentofinertiaofthedooraboutthehinges?
A) 4.28kgm
2
B) 7.52kgm
2
C) 1.88kgm
2
D) 0.684kgm
2
E) 2.74kgm
2
Answer: C
Var:1
28) Atorqueof12Nmisappliedtoasolid,uniformdiskofradius0.50m,causingthediskto
accelerateat5.7rad/s
2
.Whatisthemassofthedisk?
A) 17kg
B) 13kg
C) 8.5kg
D) 4.3kg
Answer: A
Var:50+
29) Inanexperiment,astudentbringsuptherotationalspeedofapieceoflaboratoryapparatusto
30.0rpm.Shethenallowstheapparatustoslowdownuniformlyonitsown,andcounts240
revolutionsbeforetheapparatuscomestoastop.Themomentofinertiaoftheapparatusis
knowntobe0.0850kgm
2
.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheretardingtorqueontheapparatus?
A) 0.0425Nm
B) 0.159Nm
C) 0.0787Nm
D) 0.000278Nm
E) 0.0000136Nm
Answer: D
Var:1
30) Astringiswrappedaroundapulleywitharadiusof2.0cmandnoappreciablefrictioninits
axle.Thepulleyisinitiallynotturning.Aconstantforceof50Nisappliedtothestring,which
doesnotslip,causingthepulleytorotateandthestringtounwind.Ifthestringunwinds1.2m
in4.9s,whatisthemomentofinertiaofthepulley?
A) 0.17kgm
2
B) 17kgm
2
C) 14kgm
2
D) 0.20kgm
2
E) 0.017kgm
2
Answer: D
Var:1
31) Therotatingsystemsshowninthefiguredifferonlyinthatthetwoidenticalmovablemasses
arepositionedadistancerfromtheaxisofrotation(left),oradistance r/2fromtheaxisof
rotation(right).Youreleasethehangingblockssimultaneouslyfromrest,andcall t
L
thetime
takenbytheblockontheleftandt
R
thetimetakenbytheblockontherighttoreachthe
bottom,respectively.Thebar,pulley,andropehavenegligiblemass,theropedoesnotslip,
andthereisnofrictionintheaxleofthepulley.Undertheseconditions
A) t
L
=
1
2
t
R
.
B) t
L
=t
R
.
C) t
L
= 2t
R
.
D) t
L
=2t
R
.
E) t
l
=4t
R
.
Answer: D
Var:1
32) Asoliduniformsphereofmass1.85kganddiameter45.0cmspinsaboutanaxlethroughits
center.Startingwithanangularvelocityof2.40rev/s,itstopsafterturningthrough18.2rev
withuniformacceleration.Thenettorqueactingonthissphereasitisslowingdownisclosest
to
A) 0.00593Nm.
B) 0.0372Nm.
C) 0.0466Nm.
D) 0.0620Nm.
E) 0.149Nm.
Answer: B
Var:1
33) Averythinuniformrod,2.40mlongandofweight135N,hasafrictionlesshingeatitslower
end.Itstartsoutverticallyfromrestandfalls,pivotingaboutthehinge.Justasithasrotated
throughanangleof55.0,whatisthedownwardaccelerationoftheendfarthestfromthe
hinge?
A) 5.02m/s
2
B) 8.03m/s
2
C) 9.80m/s
2
D) 12.0m/s
2
E) 19.6m/s
2
Answer: D
Var:1
34) Averythinhorizontal,2.00-mlong,5.00-kguniformbeamthatliesalongtheeast-west
directionisactedonbytwoforces.Attheeastendofthebeam,a200-Nforcepushes
downward.Atthewestendofthebeam,a200-Nforcepushesupward.Whatistheangular
accelerationofthebeam?
A) 240rad/s
2
north
B) 1.3310
2
rad/s
2
north
C) zero
D) 240rad/s
2
south
E) 1.3310
2
rad/s
2
south
Answer: A
Var:1
35) Inthefigure,averylightropeiswrappedaroundawheelofradius R = 2.0metersanddoes
notslip.Thewheelismountedwithfrictionlessbearingsonanaxlethroughitscenter.Ablock
ofmass14kgissuspendedfromtheendoftherope.Whenthesystemisreleasedfromrestit
isobservedthattheblockdescends10metersin2.0seconds.Whatisthemomentofinertiaof
thewheel?
Answer: 54kgm
2
Var:1
36) Awheelhasaradiusof0.40mandismountedonfrictionlessbearings.Ablockissuspended
fromaropethatiswoundonthewheelandattachedtoit(seefigure).Thewheelisreleased
fromrestandtheblockdescends1.5min2.00swithoutanyslippingoftherope.Thetension
intheropeduringthedescentoftheblockis20N.Whatisthemomentofinertiaofthewheel?
A) 3.5kgm
2
B) 3.7kgm
2
C) 3.9kgm
2
D) 4.1kgm
2
E) 4.3kgm
2
Answer: E
Var:1
37) Inthefigure,amassof31.77kgisattachedtoalightstringthatiswrappedarounda
cylindricalspoolofradius10.0cmandmomentofinertia4.00kg m
2
.Thespoolissuspended
fromtheceiling,andthemassisthenreleasedfromrestadistance5.70 mabovethefloor.How
longdoesittaketoreachthefloor?
A) 3.98s
B) 3.83s
C) 1.14s
D) 5.59s
E) 7.89s
Answer: A
Var:50+
38) Fortheapparatusshowninthefigure,thereisnoslippingbetweenthecordandthesurfaceof
thepulley.Theblockshavemassof3.0kgand5.7kg,andthepulleyhasaradiusof0.12m
andamassof10.3kg.Attheinstantthe5.7kgmasshasfallen1.5mstartingfromrest,find
thespeedofeachblock.(Assumethepulleyisintheshapeofauniformsoliddiskandhasno
frictioninitsaxle.)
Answer: 2.4m/s
Var:1
39) Athincylindricalshellisreleasedfromrestandrollswithoutslippingdownaninclinedramp
thatmakesanangleof30withthehorizontal.Howlongdoesittakeittotravelthefirst3.1
m?
A) 1.4s
B) 1.1s
C) 2.1s
D) 1.6s
E) 1.8s
Answer: D
Var:1
40) Auniformsolidcylindricallogbeginsrollingwithoutslippingdownarampthatrises28.0
abovethehorizontal.Afterithasrolled4.20malongtheramp,whatisthemagnitudeofthe
linearaccelerationofitscenterofmass?
A) 9.80m/s
2
B) 4.60m/s
2
C) 3.29m/s
2
D) 3.07m/s
2
E) 2.30m/s
2
Answer: D
Var:1
41) Alawnrollerintheformofauniformsolidcylinderisbeingpulledhorizontallybya
horizontalforceBappliedtoanaxlethroughthecenteroftheroller,asshowninthefigure.
Therollerhasradius0.65metersandmass51kgandrollswithoutslipping.Whatmagnitude
oftheforceBisrequiredtogivethecenterofmassoftherolleranaccelerationof 2.8m/s
2
?
Answer: 210N
Var:50+
42) Auniformhollowsphericalballofmass1.75kgandradius40.0cmrollswithoutslippingupa
rampthatrisesat30.0abovethehorizontal.Thespeedoftheballatthebaseoftherampis
2.63m/s.Whiletheballismovinguptheramp,find
(a)theacceleration(magnitudeanddirection)ofitscenterofmassand
(b)thefrictionforce(magnitudeanddirection)actingonitduetothesurfaceoftheramp.
Answer: (a)2.94m/s
2
downtheramp(b)3.43Nuptheramp
Var:1
43) Auniformsolidsphereofmass1.5kganddiameter30.0cmstartsfromrestandrollswithout
slippingdowna35inclinethatis7.0mlong.
(a)Calculatethelinearspeedofthecenterofthespherewhenitreachesthebottomofthe
incline.
(b)Determinetheangularspeedofthesphereaboutitscenteratthebottomoftheincline.
(c)Throughwhatangle(inradians)doesthissphereturnasitrollsdowntheincline?
(d)Doesthelinearspeedin(a)dependontheradiusormassofthesphere?Doestheangular
speedin(b)dependontheradiusormassofthesphere?
Answer: (a)7.5m/s(b)50rad/s(c)47rad
(d)Thelinearspeeddependsonneithertheradiusnorthemassofthesphere.The
angularspeeddependsontheradiusofthesphere.
Var:1
44) Auniformsolid5.25-kgcylinderisreleasedfromrestandrollswithoutslippingdownan
inclinedplaneinclinedat18tothehorizontal.Howfastisitmovingafterithasrolled2.2m
downtheplane?
A) 4.3m/s
B) 5.2m/s
C) 3.0m/s
D) 3.7m/s
E) 2.6m/s
Answer: C
Var:1
45) AuniformsolidcylinderofradiusR andathinuniformsphericalshellofradiusRbothroll
withoutslipping.Ifbothobjectshavethesamemassandthesamekineticenergy,whatisthe
ratioofthelinearspeedofthecylindertothelinearspeedofthesphericalshell?
A) 3/2
B) 10/2
C) 4/3
D) 4/ 3
E) 4/3
Answer: B
Var:1
46) Auniformsolidsphereisrollingwithoutslippingalongahorizontalsurfacewithaspeedof
5.50m/swhenitstartsuparampthatmakesanangleof25.0withthehorizontal.Whatisthe
speedofthesphereafterithasrolled3.00muptheramp,measuredalongthesurfaceofthe
ramp?
A) 4.01m/s
B) 8.02m/s
C) 1.91m/s
D) 2.16m/s
E) 3.53m/s
Answer: E
Var:5
47) Asolid,uniformsphereofmass2.0kgandradius1.7mrollsfromrestwithoutslippingdown
aninclinedplaneofheight7.0m.Whatistheangularvelocityofthesphereatthebottomof
theinclinedplane?
A) 5.8rad/s
B) 9.9rad/s
C) 11rad/s
D) 7.0rad/s
Answer: A
Var:1
48) Auniformsoliddiskofradius1.60mandmass2.30kgrollswithoutslippingtothebottomof
aninclinedplane.Iftheangularvelocityofthediskis5.35rad/satthebottom,whatisthe
heightoftheinclinedplane?
A) 5.61m
B) 4.21m
C) 4.94m
D) 6.73m
Answer: A
Var:50+
49) Threesolid,uniform,cylindricalflywheels,eachofmass65.0kgandradius1.47mrotate
independentlyaroundacommonaxis.Twooftheflywheelsrotateinonedirectionat
3.83rad/s;theotherrotatesintheoppositedirectionat3.42rad/s.Calculatethemagnitudeof
thenetangularmomentumofthesystem.
A) 298kgm
2
/s
B) 778kgm
2
/s
C) 257kgm
2
/s
D) 222kgm
2
/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
50) Apotterswheel,withrotationalinertia46kgm
2
,isspinningfreelyat40rpm.Thepotter
dropsalumpofclayontothewheel,whereitsticksadistance1.2mfromtherotationalaxis.If
thesubsequentangularspeedofthewheelandclayis32rpmwhatisthemassoftheclay?
A) 8.0kg
B) 5.4kg
C) 7.0kg
D) 8.8kg
Answer: A
Var:38
51) Abicycleistravelingnorthat5.0m/s.Themassofthewheel,2.0kg,isuniformlydistributed
alongtherim,whichhasaradiusof20cm.Whatarethemagnitudeanddirectionofthe
angularmomentumofthewheelaboutitsaxle?
A) 2.0kgm
2
/stowardsthewest
B) 5.0kgm
2
/sverticallyupwards
C) 2.0kgm
2
/stowardstheeast
D) 5.0kgm
2
/stowardstheeast
E) 5.0kgm
2
/stowardsthewest
Answer: A
Var:1
52) A500-gparticleislocatedatthepoint r =4mi
^
+3mj
^
-2mk
^
andismovingwithavelocity v
=5m/si
^
-2msj
^
+4m/sk
^
.Whatistheangularmomentumofthisparticleabouttheorigin?
A) (24i
^
-6j
^
-8k
^
)kgm
2
/s
B) (12i
^
-3j
^
-4k
^
)kgm
2
/s
C) (8i
^
+14j
^
-13k
^
)kgm
2
/s
D) (10i
^
-j
^
+2k
^
)kgm
2
/s
E) (4i
^
-13j
^
-11.5k
^
)kgm
2
/s
Answer: E
Var:1
53) Afigureskaterrotatingat5.00rad/switharmsextendedhasamomentofinertiaof2.25kg
m
2
.Ifthearmsarepulledinsothemomentofinertiadecreasesto1.80kgm
2
,whatisthe
finalangularspeed?
A) 2.25rad/s
B) 4.60rad/s
C) 6.25rad/s
D) 1.76rad/s
E) 0.810rad/s
Answer: C
Var:1
54) A5.0-mradiusplaygroundmerry-go-roundwithamomentofinertiaof2000kgm
2
is
rotatingfreelywithanangularspeedof1.0rad/s.Twopeople,eachhavingamassof60kg,
arestandingrightoutsidetheedgeofthemerry-go-roundandsteponitwithnegligible
speed.Whatistheangularspeedofthemerry-go-roundrightafterthetwopeoplehave
steppedon?
A) 0.20rad/s
B) 0.40rad/s
C) 0.60rad/s
D) 0.80rad/s
E) 0.67rad/s
Answer: B
Var:1
55) Arecordisdroppedverticallyontoafreelyrotating(undriven)turntable.Frictionalforcesact
tobringtherecordandturntabletoacommonangularspeed.Iftherotationalinertiaofthe
recordis0.54timesthatoftheturntable,whatpercentageoftheinitialkineticenergyislost?
A) 35%
B) 18%
C) 46%
D) 60%
Answer: A
Var:50+
56) Aturntablehasaradiusof0.80mandamomentofinertiaof2.0kg m
2
.Theturntableis
rotatingwithanangularvelocityof1.5rad/saboutaverticalaxisthoughitscenteron
frictionlessbearings.Averysmall0.40-kgballisprojectedhorizontallytowardtheturntable
axiswithavelocityof3.0m/s.Theballiscaughtbyaverysmallandverylightcup-shaped
mechanismontherimoftheturntable(seefigure).Whatistheangularvelocityofthe
turntablejustaftertheballiscaught?
A) 2.1rad/s
B) 1.3rad/s
C) 0.94rad/s
D) 0.75rad/s
E) 0.30rad/s
Answer: B
Var:1
57) Aturntablehasaradiusof0.80mandamomentofinertiaof2.0kg m
2
.Theturntableis
rotatingwithanangularvelocityof1.5rad/saboutaverticalaxisthoughitscenteron
frictionlessbearings.Averysmall0.40-kgballisprojectedhorizontallytowardtheturntable
axiswithavelocityof3.0m/s.Theballiscaughtbyaverysmallandverylightcup-shaped
mechanismontherimoftheturntable(seefigure).Thepercentoftheinitialkineticenergyof
thesystemthatislostduringthecaptureoftheballisclosestto
A) 45%.
B) 51%.
C) 55%.
D) 60%.
E) 65%.
Answer: B
Var:1
58) Auniformdiskhasamassof3.7 kgandaradiusof0.40 m.Thediskismountedonfrictionless
bearingsandisusedasaturntable.Theturntableisinitiallyrotatingat 30rpm.Athin-walled
hollowcylinderhasthesamemassandradiusasthedisk.Itisreleasedfromrest,justabove
theturntable,andonthesameverticalaxis.Thehollowcylinderslipsontheturntablefor0.20
suntilitacquiresthesamefinalangularvelocityastheturntable.Whatisthefinalangular
momentumofthesystem?
A) 0.93kgm
2
/s
B) 1.1kgm
2
/s
C) 1.3kgm
2
/s
D) 1.6kgm
2
/s
E) 1.9kgm
2
/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
59) Alightboard,10mlong,issupportedbytwosawhorses,oneatoneedgeoftheboardanda
secondatthemidpoint.Asmall40-Nweightisplacedbetweenthetwosawhorses,3.0mfrom
theedgeand2.0mfromthecenter.Whatforcesareexertedbythesawhorsesontheboard?
Answer: 16Nattheendand24Natthemidpoint
Var:1
60) An82.0kg-diverstandsattheedgeofalight5.00-mdivingboard,whichissupportedbytwo
narrowpillars1.60mapart,asshowninthefigure.Findthemagnitudeanddirectionofthe
forceexertedonthedivingboard
(a)bypillarA.
(b)bypillarB.
Answer: (a)1.71kNdownwards(b)2.51kNupwards
Var:1
61) A20.0-kguniformplankissupportedbytheflooratoneendandbyaverticalropeatthe
otherasshowninthefigure.A50.0-kgmasspersonstandsontheplankadistance
three-fourthsofthelengthplankfromtheendonthefloor.
(a)Whatisthetensionintherope?
(b)Whatisthemagnitudeoftheforcethatthefloorexertsontheplank?
Answer: (a)466N(b)220N
Var:1
62) A3.00-kgballrestsinafrictionlessgrooveasshowninthefigure.
(a)Whatisthemagnitudeoftheforcethattheleftsideofthegrooveexertsontheball?
(b)Whatisthemagnitudeoftheforcethattherightsideofthegrooveexertsontheball?
Answer: (a)26.4N(b)21.5N
Var:1
63) Anonuniform,80.0-g,meterstickbalanceswhenthesupportisplacedatthe51.0-cmmark.At
whatlocationonthemeterstickshoulda5.00-gtackbeplacedsothatthestickwillbalanceat
the50.0cmmark?
A) 16.0cm
B) 67.0cm
C) 66.0cm
D) 35.0cm
E) 34.0cm
Answer: E
Var:1
64) A30.0-kgchildsitsononeendofalonguniformbeamhavingamassof20.0kg,anda
40.0-kgchildsitsontheotherend.Thebeambalanceswhenafulcrumisplacedbelowthe
beamadistance1.10mfromthe30.0-kgchild.Howlongisthebeam?
A) 2.12m
B) 1.98m
C) 1.93m
D) 2.07m
E) 2.20m
Answer: B
Var:1
65) Inthefigure,thehorizontallowerarmhasamassof2.8kganditscenterofgravityis12cm
fromtheelbowjointpivot.HowmuchforceF
M
musttheverticalextensormuscleintheupper
armexertonthelowerarmtoholda7.5kgshotput?
A) 100N
B) 500N
C) 750N
D) 1000N
E) 1500N
Answer: D
Var:1
66) A5.0-mlong,12-kguniformladderrestsagainstasmoothverticalwallwiththebottomofthe
ladder3.0mfromthewall.Thecoefficientofstaticfrictionbetweenthefloorandtheladderis
0.28.Whatdistance,measuredalongtheladderfromthebottom,cana60 -kgpersonclimb
beforetheladderstartstoslip?
A) 4.0m
B) 3.7m
C) 1.7m
D) 1.3m
E) 3.3m
Answer: C
Var:1
67) Astepladderconsistsoftwohalves,hingedatthetop,andconnectedbyatierodthatkeeps
thetwohalvesfromspreadingapart.Inthisparticularinstance,thetwohalvesare2.50m
long,thetierodisconnectedtothecenterofeachhalfandis70.0cmlong.An800-Nperson
stands3/5ofthewayupthestepladder,asshowninthefigure.Neglectingtheweightofthe
ladder,andassumingthattheladderisrestingonasmoothfloor,whatisthetensioninthetie
rod?Note:Tosolvethisproblemyoumustcuttheladderinhalfandconsiderthe
equilibriumofforcesandtorquesactingoneachhalfoftheladder.
A) 140N
B) 240N
C) 280N
D) 360N
E) 560N
Answer: A
Var:1
68) Twoidenticalladdersare3.0mlongandweigh600Neach.Theyareconnectedbyahingeat
thetopandareheldtogetherbyahorizontalrope,1.0mabovethesmoothfloorforminga
symmetricAarrangement.Theanglebetweentheladdersis60andbothladdershavetheir
centerofgravityattheirmidpoint.Whatisthetensionintherope?
A) 240N
B) 300N
C) 220N
D) 260N
E) 280N
Answer: E
Var:1
69) A120-kgrefrigerator,2.00mtalland85.0cmwide,hasitscenterofmassatitsgeometrical
center.Youareattemptingtoslideitalongthefloorbypushinghorizontallyonthesideofthe
refrigerator.Thecoefficientofstaticfrictionbetweenthefloorandtherefrigeratoris0.300.
Dependingonwhereyoupush,therefrigeratormaystarttotipoverbeforeitstartstoslide
alongthefloor.Whatisthehighestdistanceabovethefloorthatyoucanpushtherefrigerator
sothatitwonttipbeforeitbeginstoslide?
A) 0.710m
B) 1.00m
C) 1.21m
D) 1.42m
E) 1.63m
Answer: D
Var:1
70) Achildistryingtostacktwouniformwoodenblocks,12cminlength,sotheywillprotrudeas
muchaspossibleovertheedgeofatable,withouttippingover,asshowninthefigure.Whatis
themaximumpossibleoverhangdistanced?
A) 5cm
B) 6cm
C) 7cm
D) 8cm
E) 9cm
Answer: E
Var:1
71) Auniformsignissupportedagainstawallatpoint P asshowninthefigure.Ifthesignisa
square0.40monasideanditsmassis 4.0kg,whatisthemagnitudeofthehorizontalforce
thatthewallatPexperiences?
A) 20N
B) 0.00N
C) 7.8N
D) 98N
Answer: A
Var:50+
72) Auniform300-kgbeam,6.00mlong,isfreelypivotedat P,asshowninthefigure.Thebeam
issupportedinahorizontalpositionbyalightstrut,5.00mlong,whichisfreelypivotedat Q
andislooselypinnedtothebeamatR.Aloadofmassissuspendedfromtheendofthebeam
atS.Amaximumcompressionof23,000Ninthestrutispermitted,duetosafety.The
maximummassMoftheloadisclosestto
A) 789kg.
B) 554kg.
C) 1020kg.
D) 1090kg.
E) 1320kg.
Answer: A
Var:1
73) Auniform300-kgbeam,6.00mlong,isfreelypivotedat P,asshowninthefigure.Thebeam
issupportedinahorizontalpositionbyalightstrut,5.00mlong,whichisfreelypivotedat Q
andislooselypinnedtothebeamatR.Aloadofmassissuspendedfromtheendofthebeam
atS.Amaximumcompressionof23,000Ninthestrutispermitted,duetosafety.Under
maximumload,findthemagnitudeofthexcomponentoftheforceexertedonthebeamby
thepivotatP.
A) 13,800N
B) 12,800N
C) 11,200N
D) 14,400N
E) 16,000N
Answer: A
Var:1
74) A10.0-kguniformladderthatis2.50mlongisplacedagainstasmoothverticalwalland
reachestoaheightof2.10m,asshowninthefigure.Thebaseoftheladderrestsonarough
horizontalfloorwhosecoefficientofstaticfrictionwiththeladderis0.800.An80.0-kgbucket
ofconcreteissuspendedfromthetoprungoftheladder,rightnexttothewall,asshowninthe
figure.Whatisthemagnitudeofthefrictionforcethatthefloorexertsontheladder?
A) 538N
B) 706N
C) 1290N
D) 833N
E) 601N
Answer: A
Var:1
75) Adumptruckhasalargecubicalconcreteblockinitsbed.Thecoefficientsoffrictionbetween
thisblockandthefloorofthebedare
k
=0.450and
s
=0.650.Asthebedisslowlytilted
abovethehorizontal,willthebrickfirstbegintoslideorwillitfirsttipover?
A) Itwillfirsttipover.
B) Itwillfirstbegintoslide.
C) Itwilltipoverjustasitbeginstoslide.
D) Itisimpossibletoanswerwithoutknowingthemassoftheblock.
E) Itisimpossibletoanswerwithoutknowingthedimensionsoftheblock.
Answer: B
Var:1
76) Asoliduniformbrickisplacedonasheetofwood.Whenoneendofthesheetisraised(see
figure),youobservethatthemaximumthattheanglecanbewithouttippingoverthebrick
is49.6.Thereisenoughfrictiontopreventthebrickfromsliding.Whatisthewidth wofthe
brick?
A) 5.18cm
B) 6.09cm
C) 6.81cm
D) 9.40cm
E) 10.5cm
Answer: D
Var:1
77) A20.0-kguniformdoorhasawidthof1.20mandaheightof2.50m.Thedoorismountedon
apostbyapairofhinges,marked1and2inthefigure,atthetopandbottomofthedoor.An
externalforceof60.0N,atanangleof30.0abovethehorizontal,isappliedtothesmall
doorknob,asshowninthefigure.Thedoorknobis1.00mabovethebottomofthedoor.
(a)Findthexcomponentoftheforcethathinge1exertsonthedooratthetop.
(b)FindtheSUMoftheycomponentsoftheforcesthathinges1and2togetherexertonthe
door.
Answer: (a)53.4N(b)166N
Var:1
78) Inthefigure,auniformrectangularcrate0.40mwideand1.0mtallrestsonahorizontal
surface.Thecrateweighs930N,anditscenterofgravityisatitsgeometriccenter.A
horizontalforceFisappliedatadistancehabovethefloor.Ifh=0.61m, whatminimumvalue
ofFisrequiredtomakethecratestarttotipover?Staticfrictionislargeenoughthatthecrate
doesnotstarttoslide.
Answer: 305N
Var:50+
79) Inthefigure,a10.0-mlongbarisattachedbyafrictionlesshingetoawallandheldhorizontal
byaropethatmakesanangle of53withthebar.Thebarisuniformandweighs39.9N.
Howfarfromthehingeshoulda10.0-kgmassbesuspendedforthetension Tintheropetobe
125N?
Answer: 8.15mfromthehinge
Var:1
80) Inthefigure,auniformladder12meterslongrestsagainstaverticalfrictionlesswall.The
ladderweighs400Nandmakesanangle of79withthefloor.Amanweighing790N
climbsslowlyuptheladderWhenhehasclimbedtoapointthatis7.8mfromthebaseofthe
ladder,theladderstartstoslip.Whatisthecoefficientofstaticfrictionbetweenthefloorand
theladder?
Answer: 0.12
Var:50+
81) A2.00-mrodofnegligiblemassconnectstwoverysmallobjectsatitsends.Themassofone
objectis1.00kgandthemassoftheotherisunknown.Thecenterofmassofthissystemison
therodadistance1.60mfromthe1.00-kgmassobject.Whatisthemassoftheotherobject?
A) 4.11kg
B) 3.22kg
C) 4.00kg
D) 0.250kg
E) 0.800kg
Answer: C
Var:5
82) Auniformpieceofwire,20cmlong,isbentinarightangleinthecentertogiveitanL-shape.
Howfarfromthebendisthecenterofmassofthebentwire?
A) 2.5cm
B) 3.5cm
C) 4.5cm
D) 5.0cm
E) 7.1cm
Answer: B
Var:1
83) AlongthinrodoflengthLhasalineardensity(x)= Ax wherex isthedistancefromtheleft
endoftherod.
(a)Howfaristhecenterofmassoftherodfromtheleftendoftherod?
(b)Whatisthemassoftherod?
Answer: (a)2L/3(b)AL
2
/2
Var:1
84) Inthefigure,fourpointmassesareplacedasshown.The x andy coordinatesofthecenterof
massareclosestto
A) (2.2m,2.6m).
B) (2.2m,2.7m).
C) (2.3m,2.6m).
D) (2.3m,2.7m).
E) (2.3m,2.8m).
Answer: E
Var:1
85) Inthefigure,a60-cmlengthofuniformwire,of60gmassandnegligiblethickness,isbent
intoarighttriangle.Thexandycoordinatesofthecenterofmass,incm,areclosestto
A) (8,3).
B) (8,5).
C) (9,4).
D) (10,3).
E) (10,5).
Answer: D
Var:1
86) A310-gairtrackcartistravelingat1.25m/sanda260-gcarttravelingintheopposite
directionat1.33m/s.Whatisthespeedofthecenterofmassofthetwocarts?
A) 2.80m/s
B) 0.0732m/s
C) 0.131m/s
D) 1.47m/s
E) 1.29m/s
Answer: B
Var:5
87) Whatisthevectorproductof A=2.00i
^
+3.00j
^
+1.00k
^
and B=1.00i
^
-3.00j
^
-2.00k
^
?
A) -3.00i
^
+5.00j
^
-9.00k
^
B) -5.00i
^
+2.00j
^
-6.00k
^
C) -9.00i
^
-3.00j
^
-3.00k
^
D) -4.00i
^
+3.00j
^
-1.00k
^
E) 2.00i
^
-9.00j
^
-2.00k
^
Answer: A
Var:1
88) Whatisthemagnitudeofthecrossproductofavectorofmagnitude2.00mpointingeastand
avectorofmagnitude4.00mpointing30.0westofnorth?
A) 6.93
B) -6.93
C) 4.00
D) -4.00
E) 8.00
Answer: A
Var:1
89) Ifthemagnitudeofthecrossproductoftwovectorsisone-halfthedotproductofthesame
vectors,whatistheanglebetweenthetwovectors?
Answer: 26.6
Var:1
90) If C=-4i
^
-2j
^
-3k
^
,whatis Cj
^
?
A) +3i
^
-4k
^
B) +3i
^
+4k
^
C) -3i
^
+4k
^
D) +3i
^
+2j
^
-4k
^
E) -3i
^
-2j
^
+4k
^
Answer: A
Var:50+
91) If B=-2i
^
-6j
^
+2k
^
and C=-2i
^
-2j
^
-3k
^
,whichofthefollowingnumbersisclosesttothe
magnitudeof C B?
A) 25
B) 21
C) 17
D) 13
E) 9
Answer: A
Var:50+
92) Forthevectorsshowninthefigure,findthemagnitudeanddirectionof B A,assumingthat
thequantitiesshownareaccuratetotwosignificantfigures.
A) 26,directedintotheplane
B) 26,directedoutoftheplane
C) 31,directedontheplane
D) 31,directedintotheplane
E) 31,directedoutoftheplane
Answer: A
Var:1
93) Forthevectorsshowninthefigure,findthemagnitudeanddirectionofthevectorproduct A
C,assumingthatthequantitiesshownareaccuratetotwosignificantfigures.
A) 16,directedintotheplane
B) 16,directedoutoftheplane
C) 45,directedontheplane
D) 45,directedintotheplane
E) 45,directedoutoftheplane
Answer: E
Var:1
Chapter13 NewtonsTheoryofGravity
1) Abaseballislocatedatthesurfaceoftheearth.Whichstatementsaboutitarecorrect?(There
maybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Theearthexertsamuchgreatergravitationalforceontheballthantheballexertsonthe
earth.
B) Theballexertsagreatergravitationalforceontheearththantheearthexertsontheball.
C) Thegravitationalforceontheballduetotheearthisexactlythesameasthegravitational
forceontheearthduetotheball.
D) Thegravitationalforceontheballisindependentofthemassoftheball.
E) Thegravitationalforceontheballisindependentofthemassoftheearth.
Answer: C
Var:1
2) Averysmallroundballislocatednearalargesolidsphereofuniformdensity.Theforcethat
thelargesphereexertsontheball
A) isexactlythesameasitwouldbeifallthemassofthespherewereconcentratedatthe
centerofthesphere.
B) isapproximatelythesameasitwouldbeifallthemassofthespherewereconcentrated
atthecenterofthesphere.
C) isindependentofthemassoftheball.
D) isindependentofthemassofthesphere.
E) canonlybecalculatedusingcalculus.
Answer: A
Var:1
3) PlanetZ34hasamassequalto1/3thatofEarth,aradiusequalto1/3thatofEarth,andan
axialspinrate1/2thatofEarth.Withgrepresenting,asusual,theaccelerationduetogravity
onthesurfaceofEarth,theaccelerationduetogravityonthesurfaceofZ34is
A) g/3.
B) 3g.
C) 6g.
D) g/9.
E) 9g.
Answer: B
Var:1
4) Ifthemassoftheearthandallobjectsonitweresuddenlydoubled,butthesizeremainedthe
same,theaccelerationduetogravityatthesurfacewouldbecome
A) 4timeswhatitnowis.
B) 2timeswhatitnowis.
C) thesameasitnowis.
D) 1/2ofwhatitnowis.
E) 1/4ofwhatitnowis.
Answer: B
Var:1
5) Twoplanetshavingequalmassesareincircularorbitaroundastar.Planet Ahasasmaller
orbitalradiusthanplanetB.Whichstatementistrue?
A) PlanetAhasmorekineticenergy,lesspotentialenergy,andlessmechanicalenergy
(potentialpluskinetic)thanplanetB.
B) PlanetAhasmorekineticenergy,morepotentialenergy,andmoremechanicalenergy
C) PlanetAhasmorekineticenergy,lesspotentialenergy,andmoremechanicalenergy
D) PlanetAandplanetBhavethesameamountofmechanicalenergy(potentialplus
kinetic).
Answer: A
Var:1
6) AcertainplanethasanescapespeedV.Ifanotherplanetofthesamesizehastwicethemassas
thefirstplanet,itsescapespeedwillbe
A) 2V.
B) 2V.
C) V.
D) V/2.
E) V/ 2.
Answer: B
Var:1
7) AcertainplanethasanescapespeedV.Ifanotherplanethastwicesizeandtwicethemassof
thefirstplanet,itsescapespeedwillbe
A) 2V.
B) 2V.
C) V.
D) V/2.
E) V/ 2.
Answer: C
Var:1
8) Asatelliteisorbitingtheearth.Ifapayloadofmaterialisaddeduntilitdoublesthesatellites
mass,theearthspullofgravityonthissatellitewilldoublebutthesatellitesorbitwillnotbe
affected.
A) True
B) False
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter13:NewtonsTheoryofGravity
9) AsatelliteinacircularorbitofradiusR aroundplanetX hasanorbitalperiodT.IfPlanetX
hadonefourthasmuchmass,theorbitalperiodofthissatelliteinanorbitofthesameradius
wouldbe
A) 4T.
B) 2T.
C) T 2
D) T/2.
E) T/4.
Answer: B
Var:1
10) AsatelliteofmassmhasanorbitalperiodT whenitisinacircularorbitofradiusRaround
theearth.Ifthesatelliteinsteadhadmass4m,itsorbitalperiodwouldbe
A) 4T.
B) 2T.
C) T.
D) T/2.
E) T/4.
Answer: C
Var:1
11) Thereasonanastronautinanearthsatellitefeelsweightlessisthat
A) theastronautisbeyondtherangeoftheearthsgravity.
B) theastronautisfalling.
C) theastronautisatapointinspacewheretheeffectsofthemoonsgravityandtheearths
gravitycancel.
D) thisisapsychologicaleffectassociatedwithrapidmotion.
E) theastronautsaccelerationiszero.
Answer: B
Var:1
12) Becausetheearthsorbitisslightlyelliptical,theearthactuallygetsclosertothesunduring
partoftheyear.Whentheearthisclosertothesunitsorbitalspeedis
A) lessthanwhentheearthisfarthestawayfromthesun.
B) thesameaswhentheearthisfarthestawayfromthesun.
C) greaterthanwhentheearthisfarthestawayfromthesun.
Answer: C
Var:1
13.2 Problems
1) Asmall-sized155-kgmassislocated1.50mfromasmall-sized275-kgmass,withboth
massesfixedinplace.Whereshouldyouplaceathirdsmall-sizedmasssothatthenet
gravitationalforceonitduetotheoriginaltwomassesiszero?
Answer: 0.643mfromthe155-kgmassalongthelineconnectingthetwogivenmasses
Var:1
2) Anastronautisinequilibriumwhenheispositioned 140 km fromthecenterofasteroidX and
581kmfromthecenterofasteroidY,alongthestraightlinejoiningthecentersoftheasteroids.
WhatistheratioofthemassesX/Yoftheasteroids?
A) 0.0581
B) 17.2
C) 0.241
D) 4.15
Answer: A
Var:50+
3) Threeidenticalverysmall50-kgmassesareheldatthecornersofanequilateraltriangle,0.30
moneachside.Ifoneofthemassesisreleased,whatisitsinitialaccelerationiftheonlyforces
actingonitarethegravitationalforcesduetotheothertwomasses?( G=6.6710
-11
N
m
2
/kg
2
)
A) 3.710
-8
m/s
2
B) 2.510
-8
m/s
2
C) 1.910
-8
m/s
2
D) 4.210
-8
m/s
2
E) 6.410
-8
m/s
2
Answer: E
Var:1
4) Asmallplanethavingaradiusof1000kmexertsagravitationalforceof100Nonanobject
thatis500kmaboveitssurface.Ifthisobjectismoved500kmfartherfromtheplanet,the
gravitationalforceonitwillbeclosestto
A) 75N.
B) 71N.
C) 56N.
D) 50N.
E) 25N.
Answer: C
Var:1
5) Thegravitationalaccelerationonaplanetssurfaceis16.0m/s
2
.Whatisthegravitational
accelerationatanaltitudeofoneplanetdiameterabovetheSURFACEoftheplanet?
A) 5.33m/s
2
B) 1.78m/s
2
C) 1.60m/s
2
D) 4.00m/s
2
E) 8.00m/s
2
Answer: B
Var:1
6) TheradiusoftheearthisR.Atwhatdistanceabovetheearthssurfacewilltheaccelerationof
gravitybe4.9m/s
2
?
A) 0.41R
B) 0.50R
C) 1.0R
D) 1.4R
E) 2.0R
Answer: A
Var:1
7) Byhowmanynewtonsdoestheweightofa100-kgpersonchangewhenhegoesfromsea
leveltoanaltitudeof5.0kmifweneglecttheearthsrotationaleffects?(Themeanradiusof
theEarthis6.3810
6
m,G=6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
.)
A) 0.60N
B) 1.5N
C) 2.6N
D) 3.6N
E) 5.2N
Answer: B
Var:1
8) TheweightofspacemanSpeffatthesurfaceofplanetX,solelyduetoitsgravitationalpull,is
389N.Ifhemovestoadistanceof1.86 10
4
kmabovetheplanetssurface,hisweightchanges
to24.31N.WhatisthemassofplanetX,ifSpeffsmassis75.0kg?(G=6.6710
-11
N
m
2
/kg
2
)
A) 2.9910
24
kg
B) 2.9910
18
kg
C) 2.9910
17
kg
D) 1.5910
18
kg
Answer: A
Var:1
9) Fromwhatheightabovethesurfaceoftheearthshouldanobjectbedroppedtoinitially
experienceanaccelerationof0.9200g?Theradiusoftheearthis6.3810
6
m.
A) 272km
B) 260km
C) 554km
D) 510km
Answer: A
Var:1
10) Anobjectdropsadistancehinatimeof6.3sonthesurfaceoftheearth(neglectingaireffects).
Howlongwouldittakethesameobjecttodropthesamedistanceonthesurfaceofspherical
asteroidXhavingamassof1.110
22
kgandaradiusof4.010
5
m?(G=6.6710
-11
N
m
2
/kg
2
,M
earth
=5.9710
24
kg,R
earth
=6.3810
6
m)
A) 9.2s
B) 6.3s
C) 5.2s
D) 12s
E) 3.3s
Answer: A
Var:1
11) Ekaplutoisanunknownplanetthathastwosphericalmoonsincircularorbits.Thetable
summarizesthehypotheticaldataaboutthemoons.Bothmoonshavelowaxialspinrates. (G=
6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
)
Mass Radius Orbitalradius Orbitalperiod
MoonA
4.010
20
kg 2.010
8
m 4.010
6
s
MoonB
1.510
20
kg 2.010
5
m 3.010
8
m
TheaccelerationduetogravityatthesurfaceofMoonBis
A) 0.10m/s
2
.
B) 0.15m/s
2
.
C) 0.20m/s
2
.
D) 0.25m/s
2
.
E) 0.30m/s
2
.
Answer: D
Var:1
12) SputnikIwaslaunchedintoorbitaroundEarthin1957.Ithadaperigee(theclosestapproach
toEarth,measuredfromEarthscenter)of6.8110
6
mandanapogee(thefurthestpointfrom
Earthscenter)of7.5310
6
m.Whatwasitsspeedwhenitwasatitsperigee?Themassof
Earthis5.9710
24
kgandG=6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
.
A) 7180m/s
B) 7840m/s
C) 8230m/s
D) 11,000m/s
E) 13,400m/s
Answer: B
Var:1
13) Beingsonsphericalasteroid haveobservedthatalargerockisapproachingtheirasteroidin
acollisioncourse.At7514kmfromthecenteroftheasteroid,therockhasaspeedof 136.0m/s
andlaterat2823kmithasaspeedof392.0m/s.Useenergyconservationtofindthemassof
asteroid.Youcanneglectanyeffectsduetotheparentstaroftheasteroid.( G=6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
)
A) 4.58210
21
kg
B) 9.16410
27
kg
C) 6.11210
28
kg
D) 4.58210
20
kg
Answer: A
Var:50+
14) Whatistheratiooftheescapespeedofarocketlaunchedfromsealeveltotheescapespeedof
onelaunchedfromMt.Everest(analtitudeof8.85km)?Theradiusoftheearthis6.38 10
6
m.
A) 1.0007
B) 1.0014
C) 1.0001
D) 0.9986
E) 0.9993
Answer: A
Var:1
15) Ahugecannonisassembledonanairlessplanethavinginsignificantaxialspin.Theplanethas
aradiusof5.0010
6
mandamassof3.9510
23
kg.Thecannonfiresaprojectilestraightup
at2000m/s.Anobservationsatelliteorbitstheplanetataheightof1000km.Whatisthe
projectilesspeedasitpassesthesatellite?(G=6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
)
A) 1500m/s
B) 1380m/s
C) 1610m/s
D) 1280m/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
16) Ameteoroid,headingstraightforEarth,hasaspeedof14.8km/srelativetothecenterofEarth
asitcrossesourmoonsorbit,adistanceof3.84 10
8
mfromtheearthscenter.Whatisthe
meteroidsspeedasithitstheearth?Youcanneglecttheeffectsofthemoon,Earths
atmosphere,andanymotionoftheearth.(G=6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
,M
earth
=5.9710
24
kg)
A) 18.5km/s
B) 21.5km/s
C) 32.4km/s
D) 87.3km/s
Answer: A
Var:1
17) Acertainsphericalasteroidhasamassof3.510
16
kgandaradiusof8.8km.Whatisthe
minimumspeedneededtoescapefromthesurfaceofthisasteroid?(G=6.6710
-11
N
m
2
/kg
2
)
A) 23m/s
B) 16m/s
C) 520m/s
D) 730m/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
18) A910-kgobjectisreleasedfromrestatanaltitudeof1200kmabovethenorthpoleofthe
earth.Ifweignoreatmosphericfriction,withwhatspeeddoestheobjectstrikethesurfaceof
theearth?(G=6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
,M
earth
=5.9710
24
kg,thepolarradiusoftheearth
is6357km)
A) 4.5km/s
B) 2.2km/s
C) 2.7km/s
D) 3.2km/s
E) 4.8km/s
Answer: A
Var:1
19) Asatelliteisincircularorbitatanaltitudeof 1500 kmabovethesurfaceofanonrotatingplanet
withanorbitalspeedof9.2km/s.Theminimumspeedneededtoescapefromthesurfaceof
theplanetis14.9km/s,andG=6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
.Theorbitalperiodofthesatelliteis
closestto
A) 72min.
B) 65min.
C) 58min.
D) 51min.
E) 44min.
Answer: A
Var:50+
20) Asatelliteisincircularorbitatanaltitudeof2300 kmabovethesurfaceofanonrotating
asteroidwithanorbitalspeedof5.9km/s.Theminimumspeedneededtoescapefromthe
surfaceoftheasteroidis14.6km/s,andG=6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
.Themassoftheasteroid
isclosestto
A)
1.810
24
kg.
B)
8.910
23
kg.
C)
1.310
24
kg.
D)
2.710
24
kg.
E)
3.610
24
kg.
Answer: A
Var:50+
21) Anastronautisstandingonthesurfaceofaplanetarysatellitethathasaradiusof1.74 10
6
m
andamassof7.35 10
22
kg.Anexperimentisplannedwhereaprojectileneedstobe
launchedstraightupfromthesurface.Whatmustbetheminimuminitialspeedofthe
projectilesoitwillreachaheightof2.5510
6
mabovethissatellitessurface?(G=6.67
10
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
)
Answer: 1.83km/s
Var:1
22) TheInternationalSpaceStationisorbitingatanaltitudeofabout370kmabovetheearths
surface.Themassoftheearthis5.97 10
24
kg,theradiusoftheearthis6.38 10
6
m,andG=
6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
.Assumingacircularorbit,
(a)whatistheperiodoftheInternationalSpaceStationsorbit?
(b)whatisthespeedoftheInternationalSpaceStationinitsorbit?
Answer: (a)5.5210
3
s(b)7.6910
3
m/s
Var:1
23) Asatellitethatweighs4900Nonthelaunchpadtravelsaroundtheearthsequatorinacircular
orbitwithaperiodof1.667h.Theearthsmassis5.97 10
24
kg,itsequatorialradiusis6.3
10
6
m,andG=6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
.
(a)Calculatethemagnitudeoftheearthsgravitationalforceonthesatellite.
(b)DeterminethealtitudeofthesatelliteabovetheEarthsSURFACE.
Answer: (a)3910N(b)7.55 10
5
m
Var:1
24) Whatistheperiod(inhours)ofasatellitecirclingMars100kmabovetheplanetssurface?The
massofMarsis6.4210
23
kg,itsradiusis3.4010
6
m,andG=6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
.
A) 1.75h
B) 1.25h
C) 1.15h
D) 1.00h
E) 1.45h
Answer: A
Var:1
25) Jupitercompletesonerevolutionaboutitsownaxisevery9.92hours.Whatistheradiusofthe
orbitrequiredforasatellitetorevolveaboutJupiterwiththesameperiod?Jupiterhasamass
of1.9010
27
kgandG=6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
.
A) 1.0410
7
m
B) 2.2610
9
m
C) 1.6010
8
m
D) 3.4110
8
m
E) 7.4510
8
m
Answer: C
Var:1
26) ThemoonsofMars,Phobos(Fear)andDeimos(Terror),areveryclosetotheplanetcompared
toEarthsMoon.Theirorbitalradiiare9,378kmand23,459kmrespectively.Whatistheratio
oftheorbitalspeedofPhobostothatofDeimos?
A) 0.2528
B) 0.3998
C) 1.582
D) 2.858
E) 3.956
Answer: C
Var:1
27) SpacemanSpefforbitssphericalasteroid X withhisspaceship.Toremaininacircularorbitat
421kmfromtheasteroidscenter,heshouldmaintainaspeedof80m/s.Whatisthemassof
planetX?(G=6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
)
A) 4.010
19
kg
B) 5.110
17
kg
C) 4.010
16
kg
D) 5.110
14
kg
Answer: A
Var:50+
28) FindtheorbitalspeedofanicecubeintheringsofSaturn.ThemassofSaturnis5.68 10
26
kg
andtheringshaveanaverageradiusof100,000km.( G=6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
)
A) 19.5km/s
B) 27.5km/s
C) 13.8km/s
D) 1.95km/s
Answer: A
Var:1
29) Youarethescienceofficeronavisittoadistantsolarsystem.Priortolandingonaplanetyou
measureitsdiametertobe1.810
7
manditsrotationperiodtobe22.3hours.Youhave
previouslydeterminedthattheplanetorbits1.810
11
mfromitsstarwithaperiodof402
earthdays.Onceonthesurfaceyoufindthattheaccelerationduetogravityis59.7m/s
2
.What
arethemassof(a)theplanetand(b)thestar?(G=6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
.)
A) (a)7.2kg10
25
kg,(b)2.9kg10
30
kg
B) (a)1.3kg10
26
kg,(b)2.9kg10
30
kg
C) (a)7.2kg10
25
kg,(b)1.7kg10
30
kg
D) (a)1.3kg10
26
kg,(b)1.7kg10
30
kg
Answer: A
Var:50+
30) Supposewewantasatellitetorevolvearoundtheearth 5 timesaday.Whatshouldbethe
radiusofitsorbit?(Themassoftheearthis5.97 10
24
kg,G=6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
,and
youcanneglectthepresenceofthemoon.)
A) 1.4410
7
m
B) 0.69010
7
m
C) 7.2210
7
m
D) 2.1110
7
m
Answer: A
Var:9
31) Ekaplutoisanunknownplanetthathastwomoonsincircularorbits.Thetablesummarizes
thehypotheticaldataaboutthemoons.(G=6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
)
Mass Radius Orbitalradius Orbitalperio
MoonA
4.010
20
kg 2.010
8
m 4.010
6
s
MoonB
1.510
20
kg 2.010
5
m 3.010
8
m
ThemassofEkaplutoisclosestto
A) 1.010
22
kg.
B) 3.010
22
kg.
C) 1.010
23
kg.
D) 3.010
23
kg.
E) 1.010
24
kg.
Answer: D
Var:1
32) Aman-madesatelliteofmass6105 kgisinorbitaroundtheearth,makingonerevolutionin
430minutes.Whatisthemagnitudeofthegravitationalforceexertedonthesatellitebythe
earth?(Themassoftheearthis6.010
24
kgandG=6.6710
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
)
Answer:
2.510
3N
Var:50+
33) Aplanethastwosmallsatellitesincircularorbitsaroundtheplanet.Thefirstsatellitehasa
period18.0hoursandanorbitalradius2.0010
7
m.Thesecondplanethasanorbitalradius
3.0010
7
m.Whatistheperiodofthesecondsatellite?
A) 60.8h
B) 12.0h
C) 33.1h
D) 9.80h
E) 27.0h
Answer: C
Var:1
34) Aplanethastwosmallsatellitesincircularorbitsaroundtheplanet.Thefirstsatellitehasa
period12.0hoursandanorbitalradius6.0010
7
m.Thesecondplanethasaperiod16.0
hours.Whatistheorbitalradiusofthesecondsatellite?
A) 4.5010
7
B) 3.9010
7
C) 9.2410
7
D) 8.0010
7
E) 7.2710
7
Answer: E
Var:1
35) NeptunecirclestheSunatadistanceof4.5010
12
monceevery164years.Saturncirclesthe
Sunatadistanceof1.43x10
12
m.WhatistheorbitalperiodofSaturn?
A) 304y
B) 121y
C) 109h
D) 88.6y
E) 29.4y
Answer: E
Var:1
36) ThemoonsofMars,Phobos(Fear)andDeimos(Terror),areveryclosetotheplanetcompared
toEarthsMoon.Theirorbitalradiiare9,378kmand23,459kmrespectively.Whatistheratio
oftheperiodofrevolutionofPhobostothatofDeimos?
A) 0.2528
B) 0.3998
C) 1.582
D) 2.858
E) 3.956
Answer: A
Var:1
37) Twomoonsorbitaplanetinnearlycircularorbits.MoonA hasorbitalradiusr,andmoonB
hasorbitalradius4r.MoonAtakes20daystocompleteoneorbit.Howlongdoesittake
moonBtocompleteanorbit?
A) 20d
B) 40d
C) 80d
D) 160d
E) 320d
Answer: D
Var:1
38) Ekaplutoisanunknownplanetthathastwomoonsincircularorbits.Thetablesummarizes
thehypotheticaldataaboutthemoons.
Mass Radius OrbitalRadius Orbitalperio
MoonA
4.010
20
kg 2.010
8
m 4.010
6
s
MoonB
1.510
20
kg 2.010
5
m 3.010
8
m
TheorbitalperiodofMoonBisclosestto
A) 5.610
6
s.
B) 6.010
6
s.
C) 6.410
6
s.
D) 6.910
6
s.
E) 7.310
6
s.
Answer: E
Var:1
Chapter14 Oscillations
1) Thepositionxofanobjectvarieswithtimet.Forwhichofthefollowingequationsrelatingx
andtisthemotionoftheobjectsimpleharmonicmotion?(Theremaybemorethanone
correctchoice.)
A) x=5sin
2
3t
B) x=8cos3t
C) x=4tan2t
D) x=5sin3t
E) x=2cos(3t-1)
Answer: B,D,E
Var:1
2) ArestoringforceofmagnitudeF actsonasystemwithadisplacementofmagnitude x.In
whichofthefollowingcaseswillthesystemundergosimpleharmonicmotion?
A) F x
B) F sinx
C) F x
2
D) F x
E) F 1/x
Answer: D
Var:1
3) Anobjectisexecutingsimpleharmonicmotion.Whatistrueabouttheaccelerationofthis
object?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Theaccelerationisamaximumwhenthedisplacementoftheobjectisamaximum.
B) Theaccelerationisamaximumwhenthespeedoftheobjectisamaximum.
C) Theaccelerationisamaximumwhenthedisplacementoftheobjectiszero.
D) Theaccelerationiszerowhenthespeedoftheobjectisamaximum.
E) Theaccelerationisamaximumwhentheobjectisinstantaneouslyatrest.
Answer: A,D,E
Var:1
Chapter14:Oscillations
4) Thesimpleharmonicmotionofanobjectisdescribedbythegraphshowninthefigure.What
istheequationforthepositionx(t)oftheobjectasafunctionoftimet?
A) x(t)=(4.0m)sin[(2/8.0s)t+/3.0]
B) x(t)=(4.0m)cos[(2/8.0s)t+2/3.0]
C) x(t)=(4.0m)cos[(2/8.0s)t+/3.0]
D) x(t)=(4.0m)cos[(2/8.0s)t/3.0]
E) x(t)=(8.0m)cos[(2/8.0s)t+/3.0]
Answer: D
Var:1
5) Whichoffollowinggraphsdescribessimpleperiodicmotionwithamplitude2.00cmand
angularfrequency2.00rad/s?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: B
Var:1
6) AmassMisattachedtoanidealmasslessspring.Whenthissystemissetinmotionwith
amplitudeA,ithasaperiodT.Whatistheperiodiftheamplitudeofthemotionisincreasedto
2A?
A) 2T
B) T/2
C) 2T
D) 4T
E) T
Answer: E
Var:1
7) AmassMisattachedtoanidealmasslessspring.Whenthissystemissetinmotion,ithasa
periodT.Whatistheperiodifthemassisdoubledto2M?
A) 2T
B) T/2
C) 2T
D) 4T
E) T
Answer: C
Var:1
8) Insimpleharmonicmotion,thespeedisgreatestatthatpointinthecyclewhen
A) themagnitudeoftheaccelerationisamaximum.
B) thedisplacementisamaximum.
C) themagnitudeoftheaccelerationisaminimum.
D) thepotentialenergyisamaximum.
E) thekineticenergyisaminimum.
Answer: C
Var:1
9) Ifwedoubleonlytheamplitudeofavibratingidealmassandspringsystem,themechanical
energyofthesystem
A) increasesbyafactorof 2.
B) increasesbyafactorof2.
C) increasesbyafactorof3.
D) increasesbyafactorof4.
E) doesnotchange.
Answer: D
Var:1
10) Ifwedoubleonlythemassofavibratingidealmassandspringsystem,themechanical
energyofthesystem
E) doesnotchange.
Answer: E
Var:1
11) Ifwedoubleonlythespringconstantofavibratingidealmassandspringsystem,the
mechanicalenergyofthesystem
E) doesnotchange.
Answer: B
Var:1
12) Anobjectisattachedtoaverticalidealmasslessspringandbobsupanddownbetweenthe
twoextremepointsAandB.Whenthekineticenergyoftheobjectisaminimum,theobjectis
located
A) ateitherAorB.
B) midwaybetweenAandB.
C) 1/3ofthedistancefromA toB.
D) 1/4ofthedistancefromA toB.
E) 1/ 2timesthedistancefromAtoB.
Answer: A
Var:1
13) Africtionlesspendulumreleasedfrom65degreeswiththeverticalwillvibratewiththesame
frequencyasifitwerereleasedfrom5degreeswiththeverticalbecausetheperiodis
independentoftheamplitudeandmass.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
14) AcertainfrictionlesssimplependulumhavingalengthL andmassM swingswithperiodT.If
bothLandMaredoubled,whatisthenewperiod?
A) 4T
B) 2T
C) 2T
D) T
E) T/4
Answer: C
Var:1
15) Africtionlesspendulumclockonthesurfaceoftheearthhasaperiodof1.00s.Onadistant
planet,thelengthofthependulummustbeshortenedslightlytohaveaperiodof1.00s.What
istrueabouttheaccelerationduetogravityonthedistantplanet?
A) Thegravitationalaccelerationontheplanetisslightlygreaterthan g.
B) Thegravitationalaccelerationontheplanetisslightlylessthan g.
C) Thegravitationalaccelerationontheplanetisequaltog.
D) Wecannottellbecausewedonotknowthemassofthependulum.
Answer: B
Var:1
16) Indesigningbuildingstobeerectedinanareapronetoearthquakes,whatrelationshipshould
thedesignertrytoachievebetweenthenaturalfrequencyofthebuildingandthetypical
earthquakefrequencies?
A) Thenaturalfrequencyofthebuildingshouldbeexactlythesameastypicalearthquake
frequencies.
B) Thenaturalfrequencyofthebuildingshouldbeverydifferentfromtypicalearthquake
frequencies.
C) Thenaturalfrequencyofthebuildingshouldbealmostthesameastypicalearthquake
frequenciesbutslightlyhigher.
D) Thenaturalfrequencyofthebuildingshouldbealmostthesameastypicalearthquake
frequenciesbutslightlylower.
Answer: B
Var:1
14.2 Problems
1) Asewingmachineneedlemovesupanddowninsimpleharmonicmotionwithanamplitude
of1.27cmandafrequencyof2.55Hz.
(a)Whatisthemaximumspeedoftheneedle?
(b)Whatisthemaximumaccelerationoftheneedle?
Answer: (a)20.3cm/s(b)326cm/s
2
Var:1
2) Anobjectisundergoingsimpleharmonicmotionwithfrequencyf = 9.7 Hzandanamplitude
of0.12m.Att=0.00stheobjectisatx=0.00m.Howlongdoesittaketheobjecttogofrom
x=0.00mtox=0.048m?
Answer: 0.0068 seconds
Var:50+
3) Asimpleharmonicoscillatorhasanamplitudeof3.50cmandamaximumspeedof 26.0 cm/s.
Whatisitsspeedwhenthedisplacementis1.75cm?
A) 12.0cm/s
B) 22.5cm/s
C) 14.2cm/s
D) 15.0cm/s
E) 17.0cm/s
Answer: B
Var:5
4) Thepositionofanobjectthatisoscillatingonanidealspringisgivenbytheequation x = (12.3
cm)cos[(1.26s
-1
)t].Attimet=0.815s,
(a)howfastistheobjectmoving?
(b)whatisthemagnitudeoftheaccelerationoftheobject?
Answer: (a)13.3cm/s(b)10.1cm/s
2
Var:1
5) Amachinepartisvibratingalongthex-axisinsimpleharmonicmotionwithaperiodof0.27s
andarange(fromthemaximuminonedirectiontothemaximumintheother)of3.0cm.At
timet=0itisatitscentralpositionandmovinginthe+xdirection.Whatisitspositionwhent
=55s?
A) x=0.43cm
B) x=0.51cm
C) x=+0.51cm
D) x=1.3cm
E) x=1.4cm
Answer: E
Var:1
6) Thexcomponentofthevelocityofanobjectvibratingalongthex-axisobeystheequation
v
x
(t)=(0.445m/s)sin[(25.4rad/s)t+0.223].
(a)Whatistheamplitudeofthemotionofthisobject?
(b)Whatisthemaximumaccelerationofthevibratingobject?
Answer: (a)0.0175m(b)11.3m/s
2
Var:1
7) A12.0-Nobjectisoscillatinginsimpleharmonicmotionattheendofanidealverticalspring.
Itsverticalpositionyasafunctionoftimetisgivenbyy(t)=4.50cmcos[(19.5s
-1
)t/8].
(a)Whatisthespringconstantofthespring?
(b)Whatisthemaximumaccelerationoftheobject?
(c)Whatisthemaximumspeedthattheobjectreaches?
(d)Howlongdoesittaketheobjecttogofromitshighestpointtoitslowestpoint?
Answer: (a)466N/m(b)17.1m/s
2
(c)0.878m/s(d)0.161s
Var:1
8) Anobjectofmass8.0kgisattachedtoanidealmasslessspringandallowedtohanginthe
Earthsgravitationalfield.Thespringstretches3.6cmbeforeitreachesitsequilibrium
position.Ifthissystemisallowedtooscillate,whatwillbeitsfrequency?
A) 2.6Hz
B) 0.0045Hz
C) 0.67Hz
D) 2.1Hz
Answer: A
Var:1
9) Anobjectthatweighs2.450Nisattachedtoanidealmasslessspringandundergoessimple
harmonicoscillationswithaperiodof0.640s.Whatisthespringconstantofthespring?
A) 2.45N/m
B) 12.1N/m
C) 24.1N/m
D) 0.102N/m
E) 0.610N/m
Answer: C
Var:1
10) A2.25-kgobjectisattachedtoahorizontalanidealmasslessspringonafrictionlesstable.
Whatshouldbethespringconstantofthisspringsothatthemaximumaccelerationofthe
objectwillbegwhenitoscillateswithamplitudeof4.50cm?
Answer: 490N/m
Var:1
11) A56kgbungeejumperjumpsoffabridgeandundergoessimpleharmonicmotion.Ifthe
periodofoscillationis11.2s,whatisthespringconstantofthebungeecord,assumingithas
negligiblemasscomparedtothatofthejumper?
A) 17.6N/m
B) 21.1N/m
C) 28.2N/m
Answer: A
Var:50+
12) A2.0kgblockonafrictionlesstableisconnectedtotwoidealmasslessspringswithspring
constantsk
1
andk
2
whoseoppositeendsarefixedtowalls,asshowninthefigure.Whatis
angularfrequencyoftheoscillationifk
1
=7.6N/mandk
2
=5.0N/m?
A) 2.5rad/s
B) 3.5rad/s
C) 0.40rad/s
D) 0.56rad/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
13) A1.6-kgblockonahorizontalfrictionlesssurfaceisattachedtoanidealmasslessspring
whosespringconstantis190N/m.Theblockispulledfromitsequilibriumpositionat x=0.00
mtoadisplacementx=+0.080mandisreleasedfromrest.Theblockthenexecutessimple
harmonicmotionalongthehorizontal x-axis.Whatisthevelocityoftheblockattimet=0.40
s?
A) 0.82m/s
B) 0.82m/s
C) 0.30m/s
D) 0.30m/s
E) 0.00m/s
Answer: A
Var:1
whosespringconstantis500N/m.Theblockispulledfromitsequilibriumpositionatx=0.00
harmonicmotionalongthehorizontal x-axis.Whenthedisplacementisx=-0.052m,findthe
accelerationoftheblock.
A) 92m/s
2
B) 46m/s
2
C) 69m/s
2
D) 230m/s
2
E) 280m/s
2
Answer: A
Var:50+
15) Inthefigure,twomasses,M= 16 kgandm = 12.8.0kg,areconnectedtoaverylightrigidbar
andareattachedtoanidealmasslessspringofspringconstant100N/m.Thesystemissetinto
oscillationwithanamplitudeof78cm.Attheinstantwhentheaccelerationisatits
maximum,the16-kgmassseparatesfromthe12.8.0-kgmass,whichthenremainsattachedto
thespringandcontinuestooscillate.Whatwillbetheamplitudeofoscillationofthe12.8.0-kg
mass?
A) 78cm
B) 62cm
C) 35cm
D) 98cm
E) 180cm
Answer: A
Var:50+
16) A2.00-kgobjectisattachedtoanidealmasslesshorizontalspringofspringconstant100.0
N/mandisatrestonafrictionlesshorizontaltable.Thespringisalignedalongthe x-axisand
isfixedtoapeginthetable.Suddenlythismassisstruckbyanother2.00-kgobjecttraveling
alongthex-axisat3.00m/s,andthetwomassessticktogether.Whataretheamplitudeand
periodoftheoscillationsthatresultfromthiscollision?
A) 0.300m,1.26s
B) 0.300m,0.889s
C) 0.424m,0.889s
D) 0.424m,1.26s
E) 0.424m,5.00s
Answer: A
Var:1
17) A0.25kgidealharmonicoscillatorhasatotalmechanicalenergyof 4.0 J.Iftheoscillation
amplitudeis20.0cm,whatistheoscillationfrequency?
A) 4.5Hz
B) 1.4Hz
C) 2.3Hz
D) 3.2Hz
Answer: A
Var:50+
18) A0.50-kgobjectisattachedtoanidealmasslessspringofspringconstant20N/malonga
horizontal,frictionlesssurface.Theobjectoscillatesinsimpleharmonicmotionandhasa
speedof1.5m/sattheequilibriumposition.
(a)Whatistheamplitudeofvibration?
(b)Atwhatlocationarethekineticenergyandthepotentialenergyofthesystemthesame?
Answer: (a)0.24m(b)x=0.17m
Var:1
19) A1.5-kgmassattachedtoanidealmasslessspringwithaspringconstantof20.0N/m
oscillatesonahorizontal,frictionlesstrack.Attimet=0.00s,themassisreleasedfromrestat
x=10.0cm.(Thatis,thespringisstretchedby10.0cm.)
(a)Findthefrequencyoftheoscillations.
(b)Determinethemaximumspeedofthemass.Atwhatpointinthemotiondoesthe
maximumspeedoccur?
(c)Whatisthemaximumaccelerationofthemass?Atwhatpointinthemotiondoesthe
maximumaccelerationoccur?
(d)Determinethetotalenergyoftheoscillatingsystem.
(e)Expressthedisplacementxasafunctionoftimet.
Answer: (a)0.58Hz(b)0.37m/s,attheequilibriumposition
(c)1.3m/s
2
,atmaximumdisplacement
(d)0.10J
(e)x=(0.10m)cos(3.7t)
Var:1
whosespringconstantis150N/m.Theblockispulledfromitsequilibriumpositionatx=0.00
harmonicmotionalongthehorizontal x-axis.Whenthedisplacementisx=0.024m,whatis
thekineticenergyoftheblock?
A) 0.44J
B) 0.41J
C) 0.46J
D) 0.49J
E) 0.52J
Answer: A
Var:50+
21) Anobjectofmass6.8kgisattachedtoanidealmasslessspringofspringconstant 1690N/m.
TheobjectisCalculatethemaximumspeedtheobjectreachesduringitsmotion.
Answer: 5.5m/s
Var:50+
22) Anobjectweighing44.1Nhangsfromaverticalmasslessidealspring.Whensetinvertical
motion,theobjectobeystheequationy(t)=(6.20cm)cos[(2.74rad/s)t1.40].
(a)Findthetimeforthisobjecttovibrateonecompletecycle.
(b)Whatarethemaximumspeedandmaximumaccelerationoftheobject.
(c)WhatistheTOTALdistancetheobjectmovesthroughinonecycle.
(d)Findthemaximumkineticenergyoftheobject.
(e)Whatisthespringconstantofthespring.
Answer: (a)2.29s(b)0.170m/s,0.465m/s
2
(c)24.8cm(d)0.0649J(e)33.8N/m
Var:1
23) AfrictionlesssimplependulumonEarthhasaperiodof1.75s.OnPlanet Xitsperiodis2.14s.
WhatistheaccelerationduetogravityonPlanetX?
Answer: 6.55m/s
2
Var:1
24) Theanglethataswingingsimplependulummakeswiththeverticalobeystheequation
(t)=(0.150rad)cos[(2.85rad/s)t+1.66].
(a)Whatisthelengthofthependulum?
A)0.15m
B)0.83m
C)1.21m
D)2.02m
E)Itcannotbedeterminedfromtheinformationgiven.
(b)Whatisthemassoftheswingingbobattheendofthependulum?
A)2.85kg
B)1.66kg
C)0.454kg
D)0.150kg
E)Itcannotbedeterminedfromtheinformationgiven.
Answer: (a)C (b)E
Var:1
25) Inthefigure,a0.24-kgballissuspendedfromaverylightstring9.79mlongandispulled
slightlytotheleft.Astheballswingswithoutfrictionthroughthelowestpartofitsmotionit
encountersanidealmasslessspringattachedtothewall.Thespringpushesagainsttheball
andeventuallytheballisreturnedtoitsoriginalstartingposition.Findthetimeforone
completecycleofthismotionifthespringconstantofthespringis21N/m.(Assumethatonce
thependulumballhitsthespringthereisnoeffectduetotheverticalmovementoftheball.)
Answer: 3.5s
Var:1
26) Alongthinuniformrodoflength1.50mistobesuspendedfromafrictionlesspivotlocatedat
somepointalongtherodsothatitspendulummotiontakes3.00s.Howfarfromthecenterof
therodshouldthepivotbelocated?
A) 7.98cm
B) 7.52cm
C) 8.73cm
D) 8.40cm
E) 23.4cm
Answer: C
Var:1
27) Auniformmeterstickisfreelypivotedaboutthe0.20-mmark.Ifitisallowedtoswingina
verticalplanewithasmallamplitudeandfriction,whatisthefrequencyofitsoscillations?
A) 0.55Hz
B) 0.66Hz
C) 0.92Hz
D) 1.1Hz
E) 1.3Hz
Answer: B
Var:1
28) Alargestickispivotedaboutoneendandallowedtoswingbackandforthwithnofrictionas
aphysicalpendulum.Themassofthestickis5.40kganditscenterofgravity(foundby
findingitsbalancepoint)is1.80mfromthepivot.Iftheperiodoftheswingingstickis
6.90seconds,whatisthemomentofinertiaofthestickaboutanaxisthroughthepivot?
Answer: 115kgm
2
Var:50+
29) Theamplitudeofalightlydampedharmonicoscillatordecreasesfrom60.0cmto40.0cmin
10.0s.Whatwillbetheamplitudeoftheharmonicoscillatorafteranother10.0spasses?
A) 20.0cm
B) 167cm
C) 30.0cm
D) 0.00cm
E) 26.7cm
Answer: E
Var:1
30) Alightlydampedharmonicoscillator,withadampingforceproportionaltoitsspeed,is
oscillatingwithanamplitudeof0.500cmattime t=0.Whent=8.20s,theamplitudehasdied
downto0.400cm.Atwhatvalueoftwilltheoscillationshaveanamplitudeof0.250cm?
A) 18.5s
B) 20.5s
C) 16.5s
D) 25.5s
E) 5.13s
Answer: D
Var:1
31) Anidealmasslessspringwithaspringconstantof2.00N/misattachedtoanobjectof75.0g.
Thesystemhasasmallamountofdamping.Iftheamplitudeoftheoscillationsdecreasesfrom
10.0mmto5.00mmin15.0s,whatisthemagnitudeofthedampingconstant b?
A) 0.00693kg/s
B) 0.0462kg/s
C) 0.00762kg/s
D) 0.0100kg/s
E) 0.00857kg/s
Answer: A
Var:1
32) A2.15kglightlydampedharmonicoscillatorhasanangularoscillationfrequencyof0.261
rad/s.Ifthemaximumdisplacementof2.0moccurswhent=0.00s,andthedampingconstant
bis0.74kg/swhatistheobjectsdisplacementwhen t=4.01s?
A) 0.50m
B) 0.43m
C) 0.58m
D) 0.65m
Answer: A
Var:21
33) A25kgobjectisundergoinglightlydampedharmonicoscillations.Ifthemaximum
displacementoftheobjectfromitsequilibriumpointdropsto1/3itsoriginalvaluein1.8s,
whatisthevalueofthedampingconstantb?
A) 31kg/s
B) 34kg/s
C) 37kg/s
D) 40kg/s
Answer: A
Var:21
34) A5.0-kgblockisattachedtoanidealmasslessspringwhosespringconstantis125N/m.The
blockispulledfromitsequilibriumpositionatx=0.00mtoapositionatx=+0.687mandis
releasedfromrest.Theblockthenexecuteslightlydampedoscillationalongthe x-axis,and
thedampingforceisproportionaltothevelocity.Whentheblockfirstreturnsto x=0.00m,its
xcomponentofvelocityis2.0m/sanditsxcomponentofaccelerationis+5.6m/s
2
.
(a)Whatisthemagnitudeoftheaccelerationoftheblockuponreleaseat x=+0.687m.
(b)Findthedampingconstantb.
Answer: (a)17.2m/s
2
(b)14kg/s
Var:1
Chapter15 FluidsandElasticity
1) Fluidfillsthecontainershowninthefigure.Atwhichoftheindicatedpointsisthepressure
greatest?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) Thepressureisthesameateachofthelabeledpoints.
Answer: E
Var:1
2) Atacertaindepthintheocean,theabsolutepressureis p.Ifyougototwicethatdepth
(treatingthewaterasincompressible)
A) theabsolutepressurewillbe2p.
B) theabsolutepressurewillbelessthan2p.
C) theabsolutepressurewillbegreaterthan2p.
D) thegaugepressurewillnotchange.
E) thegaugepressurewillincreasebutwillnotdouble.
Answer: B
Var:1
3) Ifyoudoublethepressureonthesurfaceofacanofwater,thebuoyantforceonastoneplaced
inthatwaterwill
A) increase,butnotdouble.
B) double.
C) decrease,butnotbyonehalf.
D) notchange.
Answer: D
Var:1
4) Acupofwatercontaininganicecubeat0Cisfilledtothebrim.Thetipoftheicecubesticks
outofthesurface.Astheicemelts,youobservethat
A) thecupoverflows.
B) thecupmightoverflowbutitdependsontheactualmassoftheicecube.
C) thewaterlevelremainsthesame.
D) thewaterlevelactuallygoesdown.
E) Thereisnotenoughinformationtoanswerthisquestion.
Answer: C
Var:1
5) Saltwaterismoredensethanfreshwater.Ashipfloatsinbothfreshwaterandsaltwater.
Comparedtothefreshwater,thevolumeofsaltwaterdisplacedbytheshipis
A) greaterthanthevolumeoffreshwater.
B) lessthanthevolumeoffreshwater.
C) thesameasthevolumeoffreshwater.
Answer: B
Var:1
6) A50cm
3
blockofwoodisfloatingpartiallysubmergedinwater,anda50cm
3
blockofironis
totallysubmergedinwater.Whichblockhasthegreaterbuoyantforceonit?
A) thewood
B) theiron
C) Bothhavethesamebuoyantforce.
D) Theanswercannotbedeterminedwithoutknowingthedensitiesoftheblocks.
Answer: B
Var:1
7) Arockisunderwaterinashallowlake.Astherocksinksdeeperanddeeperintowater,the
buoyantforceonit
A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) remainsconstant.
Answer: C
Var:1
Chapter15:FluidsandElasticity
8) Apieceofwoodisfloatinginabathtub.Asecondpieceofwoodsitsontopofthefirstpiece,
anddoesnottouchthewater.Ifthetoppieceistakenoffandplacedinthewater,what
happenstothewaterlevelinthetub?
A) Itgoesup.
B) Itgoesdown.
C) Itdoesnotchange.
D) Thiscannotbedeterminedwithoutknowingthevolumeofthetoppieceofwood.
Answer: C
Var:1
9) Waterflowsthroughapipehavingavaryingwidth.Morewaterflowspersecondthroughthe
widesectionthanthroughthenarrowsectionbecausethereismoreroomforittoflow.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
10) Asthespeedofamovingfluidincreases,thepressureinthefluid
A) increases.
B) remainsconstant.
C) decreases.
D) mayincreaseordecrease,dependingonthedensityofthefluid.
Answer: C
Var:1
11) Whenyoublowsomeairabovetheupperfaceofapaperstrip,thepaperrises.Thisoccurs
because
A) theairabovetheupperfaceofthepapermovesfaster,whichmakesthepressurehigher
thanatthelowerface.
B) theairabovetheupperfaceofthepapermovesfaster,whichmakesthepressurelower
thanatthelowerface.
C) theairabovetheupperfaceofthepapermovesfasterbutthepressureremainsconstant.
D) theairabovetheupperfaceofthepapermovesslower,whichmakesthepressurehigher
thanatthelowerface.
E) theairabovetheupperfaceofthepapermovesslower,whichmakesthepressurelower
thanatthelowerface.
Answer: B
Var:1
12) Youaredrivingalatemodelconvertiblecaratthe65mphspeedlimitwithitssoftflexibleroof
closedupandthewindowsclosed.Youobservethattheroof
A) bowsinward.
B) isnodifferentfromwhenthecarwasatrest.
C) bowsoutward.
D) bowsinwardonlywhenyouaredrivinguphill.
E) bowsinwardonlywhenyouaredrivingdownhill.
Answer: C
Var:1
13) Tensilestressis
A) thestrainperunitlength.
B) thesameasforce.
C) theratioofthechangeinlengthtotheoriginallength.
D) theappliedforcepercrosssectionalarea.
E) theratioofelasticmodulustostrain.
Answer: D
Var:1
14) Tensiletrainis
A) theratioofthechangeinlengthtotheoriginallength.
B) thestressperunitarea.
C) thesameasforce.
D) theappliedforcepercrosssectionalarea.
E) theratioofstresstoelasticmodulus.
Answer: A
Var:1
15) Twocompressiblesolidsareformedintospheresofthesamesize.Thebulkmodulusofsphere
twoistwiceaslargeasthebulkmodulusofsphereone.Younowincreasethepressureon
bothspheresbythesameamount.Asaresultoftheincreasedpressure,howisthechangein
volumeofspheretwo(V
2
)relatedtothechangeinvolumeofsphereone(V
1
)?
A) V
2
=
2V
1
B) V
2
=4V
1
C) vV
2
=
V
1
D) V
2
=1/2V
1
E) V
2
=1/4V
1
Answer: D
Var:1
16) Thegraphinthefigureshowstheforceonanobjectasafunctionoftheelongationcausedby
thatforce.Whichstatementaboutthisobjectistrue?
A) TheobjectobeysHookeslawatallpointsfromA toC.
B) TheobjectobeysHookeslawatallpointsfromB toC.
C) TheobjectobeysHookeslawatallpointsfromA toB.
D) TheelasticlimitoccursatpointC.
E) TheregionofelasticbehavioroccursfromB toC.
Answer: C
Var:1
15.2 Problems
1) Acertaincoinhasadiameterof21.21mm,athicknessof1.95mm,andweighs0.04905N.
Whatisitsdensity?
A) 29.110
3
kg/m
3
B) 7.2610
3
kg/m
3
C) 9.2510
3
kg/m
3
D) 2.3110
3
kg/m
3
E) 71.210
3
kg/m
3
Answer: B
Var:1
2) Whatistheradiusofaspherethathasadensityof5000kg/m
3
andamassof6.00kg?
A) 4.98cm
B) 1.27cm
C) 6.59cm
D) 1.56cm
E) 7.22cm
Answer: C
Var:1
3) Asphereisconstructedoftwoconcentricparts.Theinnerpartisasolidsphereofradius10.0
cmmadeofamaterialwithdensity4000kg/m
3
.Theouterpartisasphericalshellwithinner
radius10.0cmandouterradius20.0cm.Thematerialintheoutershellhasadensity9000
kg/m
3
.
(a)Whatisthemassofthesphere?
(b)Whatistheaveragedensityofthissphere?
Answer: (a)281kg(b)8.38 10
3
kg/m
3
Var:1
4) Oneofthedangersoftornadosandhurricanesistherapiddropinairpressurethatis
associatedwithsuchstorms.Assumethattheairpressureinsideofasealedhouseis1.02atm
whenahurricanehits.Thehurricanerapidlydecreasestheexternalairpressureto0.910atm.
Asquarewindowinanoutsidewallofthehousemeasures2.02moneachside.Whatnetforce
(directedoutwards)isexertedonthiswindow?(1atm =1.0110
5
Pa.)
A) 4.5310
4
N
B) 5.1410
4
N
C) 4.7810
5
N
D) 5.3710
5
N
Answer: A
Var:1
5) Acubicalbox,5.00cmoneachside,isimmersedinafluid.Thegaugepressureatthetop
surfaceoftheboxis594Paandthegaugepressureonthebottomsurfaceis1133Pa.Whatis
thedensityofthefluid?
A) 1000kg/m
3
B) 1100kg/m
3
C) 1220kg/m
3
D) 2340kg/m
3
E) 12,000kg/m
3
Answer: B
Var:1
6) Theweightofacarofmass1.2010
3
kgissupportedequallybythefourtires,whichare
inflatedtothesamegaugepressure.Whatgaugepressureinthetiresisrequiredsotheareaof
contactofeachtirewiththeroadis1.0010
2
cm
2
?(1atm=1.0110
5
Pa.)
A) 11.610
5
Pa
B) 11.610
4
Pa
C) 2.9410
5
Pa
D) 2.9410
4
Pa
E) 2.9410
3
Pa
Answer: C
Var:1
7) OnplanetX,theabsolutepressureatadepthof2.00mbelowthesurfaceofaliquidnitrogen
lakeis5.0010
5
N/m
2
.Atadepth5.00mbelowthesurface,theabsolutepressureis8.00
10
5
N/m
2
.Thedensityofliquidnitrogenis808kg/m
3
.
(a)WhatistheatmosphericpressureonplanetX?
(b)WhatistheaccelerationduetogravityonplanetX?
Answer: (a)3.0010
5
N/m
2
(b)124m/s
2
Var:1
8) Asshowninthefigure,acontainerhasaverticaltube,whoseinnerradiusis32.00mm,
connectedtoitatitsside.Anunknownliquidreacheslevel AinthecontainerandlevelBin
thetubelevelAbeing5.0cmhigherthanlevel B.Theliquidsupportsa20.0-cmhighcolumn
ofoil,betweenlevelsBandC,whosedensityis460kg/m
3
.Whatisthedensityofthe
unknownliquid?
A) 1800kg/m
3
B) 2000kg/m
3
C) 1400kg/m
3
D) 1600kg/m
3
E) 1700kg/m
3
Answer: A
Var:1
9) Inthefigure,anopentankcontainsalayerofoilfloatingontopofalayerofwater(ofdensity
1000kg/m
3
)thatis3.0mthick,asshown.Whatmustbethethicknessoftheoillayerifthe
gaugepressureatthebottomofthetankistobe5.010
4
Pa?Thedensityoftheoilis510kg/
m
3
.
Answer: 4.1m
Var:50+
10) Thesmallpistonofahydrauliclifthasadiameterof8.0cm,anditslargepistonhasadiameter
of40cm.Theliftraisesaloadof15,000N.
(a)Determinetheforcethatmustbeappliedtothesmallpiston.
(b)Determinethepressureappliedtothefluidinthelift.
Answer: (a)600N(b)1.210
5
Pa
Var:1
11) A12,000-Ncarisraisedusingahydrauliclift,whichconsistsofaU-tubewitharmsof
unequalareas,filledwithincompressibleoilandcappedatbothendswithtight -fitting
pistons.ThewiderarmoftheU-tubehasaradiusof18.0cmandthenarrowerarmhasa
radiusof5.00cm.ThecarrestsonthepistononthewiderarmoftheU-tube.Thepistonsare
initiallyatthesamelevel.Whatistheinitialforcethatmustbeappliedtothesmallerpistonin
ordertostartliftingthecar?(Forpurposesofthisproblem,youcanneglecttheweightofthe
pistons.)
A) 727N
B) 926N
C) 2900N
D) 3330N
E) 1.20kN
Answer: B
Var:1
12) A12,000-Ncarisraisedusingahydrauliclift,whichconsistsofaU-tubewitharmsof
unequalareas,filledwithincompressibleoilwithadensityof800kg/m
3
andcappedatboth
endswithtight-fittingpistons.ThewiderarmoftheU-tubehasaradiusof18.0cmandthe
narrowerarmhasaradiusof5.00cm.Thecarrestsonthepistononthewiderarmofthe
U-tube.Thepistonsareinitiallyatthesamelevel.Whatistheforcethatmustbeappliedtothe
smallerpistoninordertoliftthecarafterithasbeenraised1.20m?(Forpurposesofthis
problem,youcanneglecttheweightofthepistons.)
A) 0.954kN
B) 1.88kN
C) 1.96kN
D) 3.67kN
E) 1.20kN
Answer: C
Var:1
13) Thetwowaterreservoirsshowninthefigureareopentotheatmosphere,andthewaterhas
density1000kg/m
3
.Themanometercontainsincompressiblemercurywithadensityof13,600
kg/m
3
.Whatisthedifferenceinelevationhifthemanometerreadingmis25.0cm?
A) 1.58m
B) 4.20m
C) 3.75m
D) 3.40m
E) 3.15m
Answer: E
Var:1
14) Thetwowaterreservoirsshowninthefigureareopentotheatmosphere,andthewaterhas
density1000kg/m
3
.Themanometercontainsincompressibleoilwithadensityof820kg/m
3
.
Whatisthedifferenceinelevationhifthemanometerreadingmis25.0cm?
A) 0.045m
B) 0.025m
C) 0.065m
D) 0.115m
E) 0.205m
Answer: A
Var:1
15) Awoodenrafthasamassof50kg.Whenemptyitfloatsinwater(density 1000kg/m
3
)with
69%ofitsvolumesubmerged.Whatmassofsandcanbeputontheraftwithoutitsinking?
Answer: 22kg
Var:50+
16) Aboardthatis20.0cmwide,5.00cmthick,and3.00mlonghasadensity 350kg/m
3
.The
boardisfloatingpartiallysubmergedinwaterofdensity1000kg/m
3
.Whatfractionofthe
volumeoftheboardisabovethesurfaceofthewater?
A) 0.350
B) 0.650
C) zero
D) 0.200
E) Theanswerdependsonwhichedgeoftheboardisvertical.
Answer: B
Var:5
17) Arockissuspendedfromascalereads20.0N.Abeakerofwater(havingadensityof1000
kg/m
3
)israisedupsotherockistotallysubmergedinthewater.Thescalenowreads12.5N.
Whatisthedensityoftherock?
A) 1.6010
3
kg/m
3
B) 2.5010
3
kg/m
3
C) 2.3310
3
kg/m
3
D) 3.0010
3
kg/m
3
E) 2.6710
3
kg/m
3
Answer: E
Var:1
18) Apersonwhoweighs550Nemptiesherlungsasmuchaspossibleandisthencompletely
immersedinwater(ofdensity1000kg/m
3
)whilesuspendedfromaharness.Herapparent
weightisnow21.2N.Whatisherdensity?
A) 1050kg/m
3
B) 1040kg/m
3
C) 1030kg/m
3
D) 960kg/m
3
E) 56.1kg/m
3
Answer: B
Var:1
19) Abargeis15.0mwideand75.0mlongandhasverticalsides.Thebottomofthehullis1.20m
belowthewatersurface.Whatistheweightofthebargeanditscargo,ifitisfloatinginfresh
waterofdensity1000kg/m
3
?
A) 22.6MN
B) 13.2MN
C) 1.35MN
D) 1.13MN
E) 11.3MN
Answer: B
Var:1
20) Ahollowsteelballofdiameter3.0mbarelyfloatsinwater.Whatisthethicknessofthewallof
theball?Thedensityofironis7.87g/cm
3
andthatofwateris1000kg/m
3
.
A) 6.6cm
B) 37cm
C) 131cm
D) 79cm
Answer: A
Var:1
21) A7.8-kgsolidsphere,madeofmetalwhosedensityis2500kg/m
3
,issuspendedbyacord.
Whenthesphereisimmersedinwater(ofdensity1000kg/m
3
),whatisthetensioninthecord?
A) 46N
B) 61N
C) 76N
D) 92N
E) 110N
Answer: A
Var:50+
22) A6.1-kgsolidsphere,madeofmetalwhosedensityis2600kg/m
3
,issuspendedbyacord.
Whenthesphereisimmersedinaliquidofunknowndensity,thetensioninthecordis 26N.
Findthedensityoftheliquid.
A) 1500kg/m
3
B) 1400kg/m
3
C) 1300kg/m
3
D) 1200kg/m
3
E) 1100kg/m
3
Answer: A
Var:50+
23) Acircularcylinderofheight1.20mhavingfacesofdiameter0.620misimmersedinwaterof
density1.0010
3
kg/m
3
withitsaxisverticalsothatitsfacesareparalleltothesurfaceofthe
water.Theupperfaceis2.50mbelowthesurfaceofthewater.Thenetforceonthiscylinderis
observedtobe1120Ndownward.Atmosphericpressureis1.0110
5
Pa.Whatnetforcedoes
thewaterexertonthelowerfaceofthecylinder?
A) 7.4010
3
N
B) 1.0910
4
N
C) 3.7910
4
N
D) 4.1410
4
N
E) 1.3710
5
N
Answer: D
Var:1
24) Acircularcylinderofheight1.20mhavingfacesofdiameter0.620misimmersedinwaterof
density1.0010
3
kg/m
3
withitsaxisverticalsothatitsfacesareparalleltothesurfaceofthe
water.Theupperfaceis2.50mbelowthesurfaceofthewater.Thenetforceonthiscylinderis
observedtobe1120Ndownward.Atmosphericpressureis1.0110
5
Pa.Whatistheweight
ofthecylinder?
A) 2430N
B) 3550N
C) 4670N
D) 10,900N
E) 12,100N
Answer: C
Var:1
25) Anincompressiblefluidflowssteadilythroughapipethathasachangeindiameter.Thefluid
speedatalocationwherethepipediameteris8.0cmis1.28m/s.Whatisthefluidspeedata
locationwherethediameterhasnarrowedto4.0cm?
A) 0.32m/s
B) 0.64m/s
C) 1.28m/s
D) 2.56m/s
E) 5.12m/s
Answer: E
Var:1
26) Water,ofdensity1000kg/m
3
,isflowinginadrainagechannelofrectangularcross-section.
Thewidthofthechannelis15m,thedepthofthewateris8.0mandthespeedoftheflowis
2.5m/s.Atwhatrateiswaterflowinginthischannel?
A) 2.010
5
kg/s
B) 2.010
3
kg/s
C) 3.010
5
kg/s
D) 3.010
3
kg/s
E) 3.010
2
kg/s
Answer: C
Var:1
27) Waterflowingthroughapipesuddenlycomestoasectionofpipewherethepipediameter
decreasesto86%ofitspreviousvalue.Ifthespeedofthewaterinthelargersectionofthepipe
was36m/s,whatisitsspeedinthissmallersection?
A) 49m/s
B) 42m/s
C) 31m/s
D) 27m/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
28) Waterisflowinginahorizontalpipeofdiameterd.Ifyouwanttochangethediameterofthis
pipesothatthespeedofthewaterwouldbehalfasgreatasitwas,whatshouldbethenew
diameter?
A) d/4
B) d/2
C) d/ 2
D) d 2
E) 2d
Answer: D
Var:1
29) Incompressiblewaterflowsoutofalargereservoirthroughapipethatopenstothe
atmosphere5.70mbelowthelevelofthewaterinthereservoir.Whatisthespeedofthewater
asitcomesoutofthepipe?
A) 1.72m/s
B) 7.47m/s
C) 55.8m/s
D) 10.6m/s
E) 27.9m/s
Answer: D
Var:1
30) Ahorizontaltubeconsistsofa 7.0-cmdiameter pipethatnarrowstoa2.0-cm-diameterthroat.
Inthepipe,thewaterpressureistwiceatmosphericpressureandthewaterflowswithaspeed
of0.40m/s.Whatisthepressureinthethroat,assumingthatthewaterbehaveslikeanideal
fluid?Thedensityofwateris1000kg/m
3
,andatmosphericpressureis1.0110
5
Pa.
A) 1.9atm
B) 0.12atm
C) 2.1atm
D) 2.0atm
Answer: A
Var:16
31) Alargecylindricalwatertankismountedonaplatformwithitscentralaxisvertical.The
waterlevelis3.75mabovethebaseofthetank,andbaseis6.50mabovetheground.Asmall
hole2.22mmindiameterhasformedinthebaseofthetank.Boththeholeandthetopofthe
tankareopentotheair.Wecanignoreairresistanceandtreatwaterasanidealfluidwitha
densityof1000kg/m
3
.
(a)Howmanycubicmetersofwaterpersecondisthistanklosing?
(b)Howfastisthewaterfromtheholemovingjustasitreachestheground?
Answer: (a)3.2610
-5
m
3
/s(b)14.2m/s
Var:1
32) Airisflowingthrougharocketnozzle.Insidetherockettheairhasadensityof5.25kg/m
3
and
aspeedof1.20m/s.Theinteriordiameteroftherocketis15.0cm.Atthenozzleexit,the
diameteris2.50cmandthedensityis1.29kg/m
3
.Whatisthespeedoftheairwhenitleaves
thenozzle?
A) 123m/s
B) 176m/s
C) 88.0m/s
D) 45.7m/s
E) 29.3m/s
Answer: B
Var:1
33) Alevelpipecontainsanonviscous,incompressiblefluidwithadensity1200kg/m
3
thatis
flowingsteadily.Atonepositionwithinthepipe,thepressureis300kPaandthespeedofthe
flowis20.0m/s.Atanotherposition,thepressureis200kPa.Whatisthespeedoftheflowat
thissecondposition?
A) 567m/s
B) 16.2m/s
C) 32.9m/s
D) 23.8m/s
E) 186m/s
Answer: D
Var:1
34) Inasectionofhorizontalpipewithadiameterof3.00cmthepressureis5.21kPaandwateris
flowingwithaspeedof1.50m/s.Thepipenarrowsto2.50cm.Whatisthepressureinthe
narrowerregionifwaterbehaveslikeanidealfluidofdensity1000kg/m
3
?
A) 4.00kPa
B) 7.50kPa
C) 5.82kPa
D) 6.42kPa
E) 4.61kPa
Answer: A
Var:1
35) Waterflowsinthehorizontalpipeshowninthefigure.Atpoint Atheareais25.0cm
2
andthe
speedofthewateris2.00m/s.AtBtheareais16.0cm
2
.Thefluidinthemanometeris
mercury,whichhasadensityof13,600kg/m
3
.Wecantreatwaterasanidealfluidhavinga
densityof1000kg/m
3
.Whatisthemanometerreadingh?
A) 0.546cm
B) 1.31cm
C) 2.81cm
D) 2.16cm
E) 3.36cm
Answer: D
Var:1
36) Waterflowsinthehorizontalpipeshowninthefigure.AtAthediameteris5.00cmandatB
thediameteris4.00cmThefluidinthemanometerismercury,whichhasadensityof13,600
kg/m
3
.Themanometerreadinghis4.40cm.Wecantreatwaterasanidealfluidhavinga
densityof1000kg/m
3
.Whatvolumeofwaterisflowingthroughthepipepersecond?
A) 0.0206m
3
/s
B) 0.0426m
3
/s
C) 0.00560m
3
/s
D) 0.372m
3
/s
E) 0.186m
3
/s
Answer: C
Var:5
37) Consideraverysmallholeinthebottomofatank 20.0 cmindiameterfilledwithwatertoa
heightof50.0cm.Findthespeedatwhichthewaterexitsthetankthroughthehole.
A) 3.13m/s
B) 9.80m/s
C) 31.8m/s
D) 34.9m/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
38) Apaintsprayerpumpsairthroughaconstrictionina2.50-cmdiameterpipe,asshowninthe
figure.Theflowcausesthepressureintheconstrictedareatodropandpaintrisesupthefeed
tubeandenterstheairstream.Thespeedoftheairstreaminthe2.50-cmdiametersectionsis
5.00m/s.Thedensityoftheairis1.29kg/m
3
,andthedensityofthepaintis1200kg/m
3
.We
cantreattheairandpaintasincompressibleidealfluids.Whatisthemaximumdiameterof
theconstrictionthatwillallowthesprayertooperate?
A) 8.07mm
B) 4.05mm
C) 12.2mm
D) 9.65mm
E) 14.3mm
Answer: A
Var:1
39) Asteelguitarstringwithadiameterof0.300mmandalengthof70.0cmisstretchedby0.500
mmwhilebeingtuned.Howmuchforceisneededtostretchthestringbythisamount?
Youngsmodulusforsteelis2.010
11
N/m
2
.
Answer: 10.1N
Var:1
40) A1000-kgobjecthangsfromthelowerendofasteelrod5.0mlongthatissuspended
vertically.Thediameteroftherodis0.80cmandYoungsmodulusfortherodis210,000
MN/m
2
.Whatistheelongationoftherodduetothisobject?
A) 1.2cm
B) 0.46cm
C) 0.12cm
D) 1.8cm
E) 0.047cm
Answer: B
Var:1
41) A0.600-mmdiameterwirestretches0.500%ofitslengthwhenitisstretchedwithatensionof
20.0N.WhatistheYoungsmodulusofthiswire?
A) 5.6610
10
N/m
2
B) 3.5410
9
N/m
2
C) 1.4110
10
N/m
2
D) 6.4310
9
N/m
2
E) 2.7810
9
N/m
2
Answer: C
Var:1
42) Acableis100mlong,hasacross-sectionalareaof1.0mm
2
,andismadeofamaterialhaving
aYoungsmodulusof1.010
11
N/m
2
.Ifa1000-Nforceisappliedtostretchthecable,how
fardoesitstretch?
A) 0.0010m
B) 0.010m
C) 0.10m
D) 1.0m
E) 10m
Answer: D
Var:1
43) Asteelliftcolumninaservicestationisasolidcylinder4.0mlongand0.20mindiameter.
Youngsmodulusforthissteelis2010
10
N/m
2
.Bywhatdistancedoesthecolumncompress
whena5000-kgtruckisonit?
A) 4.710
-7
m
B) 8.010
-7
m
C) 3.210
-6
m
D) 7.810
-6
m
E) 3.110
-5
m
Answer: E
Var:1
44) Thetensilestrength(themaximumtensilestressitcansupportwithoutbreaking)foracertain
steelwireis3000MN/m
2
.Whatisthemaximumloadthatcanbeappliedtoawirewitha
diameterof3.0mmmadeofthissteelwithoutbreakingthewire?
A) 64kN
B) 9.0kN
C) 42kN
D) 85kN
E) 21kN
Answer: E
Var:1
45) Asteelrod55cmlonghasadiameterof30cm.Thecompressivestrength(themaximum
stressitcansupportwithoutbreaking)ofthissteelis50010
6
N/m
2
.Whatisthecompression
forcethatwouldbreaktherod?
A) 3.510
7
N
B) 2.410
7
N
C) 1.410
8
N
D) 4.710
8
N
E) 8.910
8
N
Answer: A
Var:1
46) Averylight1.00-mwireconsistsoftwosegmentsofequallength,oneofsteel(Youngs
modulusis2.0010
11
N/m
2
)andoneofbrass(Youngsmodulusis9.0 10
10
N/m
2
).The
steelsegmentis1.50mmindiameter,andthebrasssegmenthastwicethisdiameter.Whena
weightwishungfromtheceilingbythiswire,thesteelsegmentstretchesby1.10mm.Find
theweightw.
A) 190N
B) 390N
C) 780N
D) 1000N
E) 3100N
Answer: C
Var:1
47) Averylight1.00-mwireconsistsoftwosegmentsofequallength,oneofsteel(Youngs
modulusis2.0010
11
N/m
2
)andoneofbrass(Youngsmodulusis9.0 10
10
N/m
2
).The
steelsegmentis1.50mmindiameter,andthebrasssegmenthastwicethisdiameter.Whena
weightwishungfromtheceilingbythiswire,thesteelsegmentstretchesby1.10mm.By
whatdistancedoesthebrasssegmentstretch?
A) 0.50mm
B) 0.61mm
C) 1.2mm
D) 2.4mm
E) 9.8mm
Answer: B
Var:1
48) Whatisthemaximumlengthofametalcablethatcanhangverticallysupportedfromoneend
ofthecable?TheYoungsmodulusofthismetalis2.10 10
11
N/m
2
,itstensilestrength(the
maximumtensilestressitcansupportwithoutbreaking)is7.4010
8
N/m
2
,anditsdensityis
7.6010
3
kg/m
3
.
A) 9.94km
B) 4.22km
C) 456km
D) 1.75km
E) 24.8km
Answer: A
Var:1
49) Analuminumwireandasteelwire,eachoflength2.0m,arehungfromtheceiling.A5.0-kg
massissuspendedfromthelowerendofeachwire.Thealuminumwirehasadiameterof2.2
mm.Whatmustbethediameterofthesteelwireifitistostretchthesamedistanceasthe
aluminumwire,sothatthetwowiresmaintainequallengthsafterthemassesareattached?
Youngsmodulusforaluminumis0.7010
11
N/m
2
andforsteelitis2.010
11
N/m
2
.
Answer: 1.3mm
Var:1
50) Acopperspherehasaradiusof2.50mundernormalroompressureof 1.010
5
N/m
2
.Ifwe
increasethepressureonthissphereto10timesthenormalroompressure,whatisthechange
initsvolume?Thebulkmodulusforcopperis1.410
11
Pa.
Answer: 4.210
-4
m
3
Var:1
51) Asolidsteelspherewitharadiusof2.0mfallsoffashipandsinkstoadepthwherethe
pressureis15MN/m
2
.Thebulkmodulusforthissteelis1.610
11
N/m
2
.Whatisthechange
intheradiusofthesphere?
A) 0.021mm
B) 4.2mm
C) 0.42mm
D) 0.19mm
E) 0.062mm
Answer: E
Var:1
52) Atadepthofabout1030minthesea,thepressurehasincreasedby100atmospheres(to 1.0
10
7
N/m
2
).Byhowmuchhas1.0m
3
ofwaterbeencompressedbythispressure?Thebulk
modulusofwateris2.310
9
N/m
2
.
A) 2.310
-3
m
3
B) 3.310
-3
m
3
C) 4.310
-3
m
3
D) 5.310
-3
m
3
E) 6.310
-3
m
3
Answer: C
Var:1
53) A12-Lvolumeofoilissubjectedtoapressurechange,whichproducesavolumestrainonthe
oilof3.010
-4
.Thebulkmodulusoftheoilis6.010
9
N/m
2
andisindependentofthe
pressure.Byhowmanymillilitersdoesthispressurereducethevolumeoftheoil?
A) 2.0mL
B) 2.4mL
C) 2.8mL
D) 3.2mL
E) 3.6mL
Answer: E
Var:1
54) A12-Lvolumeofoilissubjectedtoapressurechange,whichproducesavolumestrainonthe
oilof3.010
-4
.Thebulkmodulusoftheoilis6.010
9
N/m
2
andisindependentofthe
pressure.Whatisthepressurechangethatproducedthevolumestrainintheoil?
A) 1.2MN/m
2
B) 1.4MN/m
2
C) 1.6MN/m
2
D) 1.8MN/m
2
E) 2.0MN/m
2
Answer: D
Var:1
55) Whenthepressureappliedtoanunknownliquidisincreasedfrom1.0 10
7
N/m
2
to5.510
7
N/m
2
,thevolumeoftheliquiddecreasesby0.70%.Calculatethebulkmodulusoftheliquid.
Answer: 6.410
9
N/m
2
Var:1
56) Asampleoftendon3.00cmlongand4.00mmindiameterisfoundtobreakunderaminimum
forceof128N.Ifinsteadthesamplehadbeen1.50cmlongandofuniformcompositionand
cross-sectionalarea,whatminimumforcewouldhavebeenrequiredtobreakit?
A) 32N
B) 64N
C) 128N
D) 256N
E) 512N
Answer: C
Var:1
Chapter16 AMacroscopicDescriptionofMatter
1) Afixedamountofidealgasisheldinarigidcontainerthatexpandsnegligiblywhenheated.
At20Cthegaspressureisp.Ifweaddenoughheattoincreasethetemperaturefrom20Cto
40C,thepressurewillbe
A) impossibletodeterminesincewedonotknowthenumberofmolesofgasinthe
container.
B) greaterthan2p.
C) lessthan2p.
D) equalto2p.
E) impossibletodeterminesincewedonotknowthevolumeofgasinthecontainer.
Answer: C
Var:1
2) Forafixedamountofgas,iftheabsolutetemperatureofthegasisdoubled,whathappensto
thepressureofthegas?
A) Theanswercannotbedeterminedwithoutvolumeinformation.
B) Thepressureofthegasbecomesdoubletheoriginalpressure.
C) Thepressureofthegasbecomeseighttimestheoriginalpressure.
D) Thepressureofthegasbecomesonehalftheoriginalpressure.
E) Thepressureofthegasbecomesfourtimestheoriginalpressure.
Answer: A
Var:1
3) Thenumberofmoleculesinonemoleofasubstance
A) dependsonthemolecularweightofthesubstance.
B) dependsontheatomicweightofthesubstance.
C) dependsonthedensityofthesubstance.
D) dependsonthetemperatureofthesubstance.
E) isthesameforallsubstances.
Answer: E
Var:1
4) Whichcontainsmoremolesofmaterial:80gramsofheliumgas(He,havingatomicweight4.0
g/mol)or400gramsofargongas(Ar,havingatomicweight40g/mol)?
A) helium
B) argon
C) Bothcontainthesamenumberofmoles.
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter16:AMacroscopicDescriptionofMatter
16.2 Problems
1) (a)Internalhumanbodytemperatureisoftenstatedtobenormalat98.6F.Whatisthis
temperatureontheCelsiusandKelvinscales?
(b)Galliumboilsat2205C.WhatisthecorrespondingtemperatureintheFahrenheitand
Kelvinscales?
(c)Theboilingpointofliquidnitrogenis77.0K.Whatisthecorrespondingtemperatureinthe
FahrenheitandCelsiusscales?
Answer: (a)37.0C,310K(b)4001F,2478K(c)321F,196C
Var:1
2) 2.0Lofaidealnitrogengas(N
2
)areat0.00Cand1.0atm.Theidealgasconstantis R= 8.314
J/molK=0.0821Latm/molK,Avogadrosnumberis6.022 10
23
molecules/mol,andthe
ATOMICmassofnitrogenis14g/mol.
(a)DeterminethenumberofmolesofN
2
.
(b)HowmanymoleculesofN
2
arepresent?
(c)Whatisthemassofthisgas?
Answer: (a)0.089mol(b)5.410
23
molecules(c)2.5g
Var:1
3) Ifacertainsampleofanidealgashasatemperatureof 109Candexertsapressureof
1.210
4
Paonthewallsofitscontainer,howmanygasmoleculesarepresentineachcubic
centimeterofvolume?Theidealgasconstantis8.314J/mol KandAvogadrosnumberis
6.02210
23
molecules/mol.
Answer:
2.310
18molecules
Var:50+
4) Averticaltubethatisclosedattheupperendandopenatthelowerendcontainsanair
pocket.Theopenendofthetubeisunderthewaterofalake,asshowninthefigure.Whenthe
lowerendofthetubeisjustunderthesurfaceofthelake,wherethetemperatureis37Cand
thepressureis1.010
5
Pa,theairpocketoccupiesavolumeof630cm
3
.Supposenowthat
thelowerendofthetubeisatadepthof86minthelake,wherethetemperatureis7.0C.
Whatisthevolumeoftheairpocketundertheseconditions?Thedensityofthewaterinthe
lakeis1000kg/m
3
.
Answer: 60cm
3
Var:50+
5) Asealed89-m
3
tankisfilledwith6000molesofoxygengas(O
2
)ataninitialtemperatureof
270K.Thegasisheatedtoafinaltemperatureof350K.TheATOMICmassofoxygenis16.0
g/mol,andtheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=0.0821Latm/molK.Theinitial
pressureofthegasisclosestto
A) 0.15MPa.
B) 0.17MPa.
C) 0.19MPa.
D) 0.13MPa.
E) 0.11MPa.
Answer: A
Var:50+
6) Asealed26-m
3
tankisfilledwith2000molesofoxygengas(O
2
)ataninitialtemperatureof
270K.Thegasisheatedtoafinaltemperatureof460K.TheATOMICmassofoxygenis16.0
g/mol,andtheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=0.0821Latm/molK.Thefinal
pressureofthegasisclosestto
A) 0.29MPa.
B) 0.31MPa.
C) 0.33MPa.
D) 0.34MPa.
E) 0.36MPa.
Answer: A
Var:50+
7) A3.2-Lvolumeofneongas(Ne)isatapressureof3.3atmandatemperatureof330K.The
atomicmassofneonis20.2g/mol,Avogadrosnumberis6.02210
23
idealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=0.0821Latm/molK.Themassoftheneongasis
closestto
A) 7.910
-3
kg.
B) 4.610
-3
kg.
C) 3.8kg.
D) 7.8kg.
E) 7.810
2
kg.
Answer: A
Var:1
8) Aweatherballooncontains12.0m
3
ofhydrogengaswhentheballoonisreleasedfroma
locationatwhichthetemperatureis22.0Candthepressureis101kPa.Theballoonrisestoa
locationwherethetemperatureis-30.0Candthepressureis20.0kPa.Iftheballoonisfreeto
expandsothatthepressureofthegasinsideisequaltotheambientpressure,whatisthenew
volumeoftheballoon?Assumethatinbothcasesthehydrogengasisinthermalequilibrium
withtheoutsideair.
A) 14.0m
3
B) 2.38m
3
C) 49.9m
3
D) 82.6m
3
E) 4.16m
3
Answer: C
Var:1
9) Asealedcontainerholds0.020molesofnitrogen(N
2
)gas,atapressureof1.5atmospheres
andatemperatureof290K.Theatomicmassofnitrogenis14.0g/mol.TheBoltzmann
constantis1.3810
-23
J/KandtheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=0.0821L
atm/molK.Themassdensityofthegasisclosestto
A) 0.90kg/m
3
.
B) 1.3kg/m
3
.
C) 1.8kg/m
3
.
D) 2.2kg/m
3
.
E) 2.6kg/m
3
.
Answer: C
Var:1
10) Anidealgasisatapressure1.00 10
5
N/m
2
andoccupiesavolume2.00m
3
.Ifthegasis
compressedtoavolume1.00m
3
whilethetemperatureremainsconstant,whatwillbethe
newpressureinthegas?
A) 0.50010
5
N/m
2
B) 4.0010
5
N/m
2
C) 1.0010
5
N/m
2
D) 2.0010
5
N/m
2
E) Theanswerdependsonthemassofthegasparticles.
Answer: D
Var:5
11) Sometimesanexperimentrequiresacertainpuregastobeusedatreducedpressure.Oneway
toachievethisistopurchaseasealedglasscontainerfilledwiththegas,andtointroducethe
gasintoavacuumbyattachingtheglasscontainertothevacuumchamberandbreakingthe
tipoftheglasscontainerusingametallicbeanandamagnet.Ifthevolumeoftheglass
containeris1.0Landitisatapressureof1.010
5
Paandifthevacuumchamberhasa
volumeof2.0L,whatwillthepressurebeafterthegas,whichistobeassumedtobeanideal
gas,isreleasedintothevacuumchamberandthetemperaturehasreturnedtoitsoriginal
value?(Notethattheglasscontainerremainspartofthesystem.)
A) 33kPa
B) 50kPa
C) 300kPa
D) 200kPa
Answer: A
Var:1
12) Abagofpotatochipscontains2.00Lofairwhenitissealedatsealevelatapressureof1.00
atmandatemperatureof20.0C.Whatwillbethevolumeoftheairinthebagifyoutakeit
withyou,stillsealed,tothemountainswherethetemperatureis7.00Candatmospheric
pressureis70.0kPa?Assumethatthebagbehaveslikeaballoonandthattheairinthebagis
inthermalequilibriumwiththeoutsideair.(1atm=1.0110
5
Pa)
A) 4.13L
B) 1.01L
C) 1.38L
D) 2.76L
Answer: D
Var:1
13) Acoldtrapissetuptocausemoleculestolingernearthesuctioninavacuumsystem.Ifthe
coldtraphasaneffectivevolumeof0.200Landismaintainedat 13.0K,howmanymolecules
areinitat10.0Paofpressure?(Avogadrosnumberis6.022 10
23
universalgasconstantis8.314J/molK.Assumethebehaviorofanidealgas.)
A) 1.1110
19
molecules
B) 1.1010
22
molecules
C) 7.7110
20
molecules
D) 7.7110
23
molecules
Answer: A
Var:5
14) Ahotairballoonhasavolumeof2.00 10
3
m
3
whenfullyinflated,andtheairinsidethe
balloonisalwaysatatmosphericpressureof1.0110
5
Pabecauseofthelargeopeningusedto
filltheballoonandheattheairinsideit.Whatisthemassofhotairinsidetheballoonifits
temperatureis120C?Theuniversalgasconstantis8.314J/molK.(Assumeamolecular
weightof28.8g/molforair.)
A) 1780kg
B) 5850kg
C) 203kg
D) 62.0kg
Answer: A
Var:1
15) Thefigureshowsa50-kgfrictionlesscylindricalpistonthatfloatson 0.68molofcompressed
airat30C.Howfardoesthepistonmoveifthetemperatureisincreasedto300C?
A) 120cm
B) 250cm
C) 130cm
D) 1300cm
Answer: A
Var:50+
16) 3.00molesofanidealgasatapressureof250kPaareheldinacontainerofvolumeof25.0L.
TheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=0.0821Latm/molK,and1atm=1.01x10
5
Pa.
Thetemperatureofthisgasisclosestto
A) 240C.
B) 180C.
C) 480C.
D) 1.0C.
E) 22C.
Answer: E
Var:1
17) Howmanymolesofwater(H
2
O)moleculesareina4.00m
3
containeratapressure8.0010
5
N/m
2
andtemperature600C?Theidealgasconstantis R=8.314J/molK=0.0821L
atm/molK.
A) 7.7210
26
mol
B) 641mol
C) 441mol
D) 3.8610
26
mol
E) 2.6510
26
mol
Answer: C
Var:1
18) Theinteriorofarefrigeratorhasavolumeof0.600m
3
.Thetemperatureinsidetherefrigerator
in282K,andthepressureis101kPa.Ifthemolecularweightofairis29g/mol,whatisthe
massofairinsidetherefrigerator?TheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=0.0821L
atm/molK.
A) 500g
B) 560g
C) 140g
D) 270g
E) 750g
Answer: E
Var:1
19) Whatisthemassdensityofargongasatpressure1.00 10
5
N/m
2
andattemperature300K?
Themeanatomicmassofargonis39.948g/molandtheidealgasconstantis R=8.314J/mol
K=0.0821Latm/molK.
A) 1.40kg/m
3
B) 1.00kg/m
3
C) 1.20kg/m
3
D) 1.60kg/m
3
E) 1.80kg/m
3
Answer: D
Var:1
20) A25-Lcontainerholdsidealhydrogen(H
2
)gasatagaugepressureof0.25atmanda
temperatureof0C.Whatmassofhydrogengasisinthiscontainer?TheATOMICmassof
hydrogenis1.0g/mol,theidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=0.0821Latm/molK,
and1.00atm=101kPa.
A) 1.4g
B) 2.8g
C) 4.2g
D) 5.6g
E) 6.3g
Answer: B
Var:1
21) Thefigure(nottoscale)showsapV diagramfor 1.8 gofheliumgas(He)thatundergoesthe
process123.FindthevalueofV
3
.TheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=0.0821
Latm/molK,andtheatomicweightofheliumis4.0g/mol.
A) 17L
B) 69L
C) 34L
D) 8.6L
Answer: A
Var:50+
22) ThefigureshowsapVdiagramfor 8.3 gofnitrogengas(N
2
)inasealedcontainer.The
temperatureT
1
ofthegasinstate1is79C.Whatare(a)thepressurep
1
ofthegasinstate1
and(b)thetemperatureT
2
ofthegasinstate2?TheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=
0.0821Latm/molK,andtheATOMICweightofnitrogenis14g/mol.
A) (a)86atm,(b)700C.
B) (a)19atm,(b)700C.
C) (a)86atm,(b)160C.
D) (a)19atm,(b)160C.
Answer: A
Var:50+
23) ThefigureshowsapVdiagramfor 4.3 gofoxygengas(O
2
temperatureT
1
ofthegasinstate1is21C.WhatarethetemperaturesT
3
andT
4
ofthegasin
states3and4?TheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=0.0821Latm/molK,andthe
ATOMICweightofoxygenis16g/mol.
A) -52C,390C
B) 16C,47C
C) 220C,660C
D) 11C,32C
Answer: A
Var:50+
24) ThefigureshowsapVdiagramfor 0.95 molofgasthatundergoestheprocess12.Thegas
thenundergoesanisochoricheatingfrompoint2untilthepressureisrestoredtothevalueit
hadatpoint1.Whatisthefinaltemperatureofthegas?Theidealgasconstantis R=8.314
J/molK=0.0821Latm/molK.
A) -160C
B) 15C
C) 390C
D) 120C
Answer: A
Var:50+
25) ThefigureshowsapVdiagramfor 0.0066 molofgasthatundergoestheprocess123.
Whatisthepressurep
2
.TheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=0.0821Latm/molK.
A) 5.3atm
B)
5.310
5
atm
C) 16atm
D)
1.610
6
atm
Answer: A
Var:30
Chapter17 Work,Heat,andtheFirstLaw
ofThermodynamics
1) Whenagasundergoesanisothermalprocess,thereis
A) nochangeinthepressureofthegas.
B) nochangeinthetemperatureofthegas.
C) nochangeinthevolumeofthegas.
D) noworkdoneby(oron)thegas.
E) noheataddedtothegas.
Answer: B
Var:1
2) Anidealgasiscompressedinawellinsulatedchamberusingawellinsulatedpiston.This
processis
A) isochoric.
B) isothermal.
C) adiabatic.
D) isobaric.
Answer: C
Var:1
3) TheprocessshownintheTVdiagraminthefigureisan
A) adiabaticcompression.
B) isothermalcompression.
C) isochoriccompression.
D) isobariccompression.
E) isothermalexpansion.
Answer: B
Var:1
Chapter17:Work,Heat,andtheFirstLawofThermodynamics
4) TheprocessshowninthepVdiagraminthefigureisan
A) adiabaticexpansion.
B) isothermalexpansion.
C) isochoricexpansion.
D) isobaricexpansion.
E) isochoriccompression.
Answer: D
Var:1
5) TheprocessshowninthepVdiagraminthefigureis
A) adiabatic.
B) isothermal.
C) isochoric.
D) isobaric.
Answer: C
Var:1
6) ConsidertwocylindersofgasidenticalinallrespectsexceptthatonecontainsoxygenO
2
and
theotherheliumHe.Bothcylindersinitiallycontainthesamevolumeofgasat0Cand1atm
ofpressureandareclosedbyamovablepistonatoneend.Bothgasesarenowcompressed
adiabaticallytoonethirdtheiroriginalvolume.
(a)Whichgaswillshowthegreatertemperatureincrease?
A) theO
2
B) theHe
C) Neither;bothwillshowthesameincrease.
D) Itisimpossibletotellfromtheinformationgiven.
(b)Whichgaswillshowthegreaterpressureincrease?
A) theO
2
B) theHe
C) Neither;bothwillshowthesameincrease.
D) Itisimpossibletotellfromtheinformationgiven.
Answer: (a)B(b)B
Var:1
7) Whenafixedamountofidealgasgoesthroughanisothermalexpansion
A) itsinternal(thermal)energydoesnotchange.
B) thegasdoesnowork.
C) noheatentersorleavesthegas.
D) itstemperaturemustdecrease.
E) itspressuremustincrease.
Answer: A
Var:1
8) Whenafixedamountofidealgasgoesthroughanadiabaticexpansion
D) itstemperaturecannotchange.
Answer: C
Var:1
9) Whenafixedamountofidealgasgoesthroughanisobaricexpansion
D) itstemperaturemustincrease.
Answer: D
Var:1
10) Whenafixedamountofidealgasgoesthroughanisochoricprocess
D) itstemperaturemustincrease.
Answer: B
Var:1
11) Anidealgasincreasesintemperaturefrom22Cto42Cbytwodifferentprocesses.Inone
process,thetemperatureincreasesatconstantvolume,andintheotherprocessthe
temperatureincreasesatconstantpressure.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthisgas
arecorrect?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Theheatrequiredtocausethistemperaturechangeisthesameforboththe
constantvolumeandtheconstantpressureprocesses.
B) Moreheatisrequiredfortheconstantpressureprocessthanfortheconstantvolume
process.
C) Thechangeintheinternal(thermal)energyofthegasisthesameforboththe
constantvolumeandtheconstantpressureprocesses.
D) Therootmeansquare(thermal)speedofthegasmoleculesincreasesmoreduringthe
constantvolumeprocessthanduringtheconstantpressureprocess.
Answer: B,C
Var:1
12) Acontainerofidealgashasamovablefrictionlesspiston.Thiscontainerisplacedinavery
largewaterbathandslowlycompressedsothatthetemperatureofthegasremainsconstant
andequaltothetemperatureofthewater.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthisgas
aretrueforthisprocess?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Heatleavesthegasduringthecompression.
B) Sincethegasandwaterareatthesametemperature,noheatcanflowbetweenthem,
whichmakesthisanadiabaticcompression.
C) Theinternal(thermal)energyofthegasdoesnotchangeduringthecompression.
D) Theinternalenergyofthegasincreasesduringthecompressionbecauseworkisdoneon
thegas.
E) Sincethetemperatureofthegasremainsconstant,thepressureofthegasmustalso
remainconstant.
Answer: A,C
Var:1
13) Whenanidealgasincreasesinvolumeatconstantpressure,theaveragekineticenergyofthe
gasmolecules
A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) doesnotchange.
D) mayeitherincreaseordecrease,dependingonwhetherornottheprocessiscarriedout
adiabatically.
E) mayormaynotchange,butinsufficientinformationisgiventomakesucha
determination.
Answer: A
Var:1
14) Itisawellknownfactthatwaterhasahigherspecificheatthaniron.Now,considerequal
massesofwaterandironthatareinitiallyinthermalequilibrium.Thesameamountofheat,30
calories,isaddedtoeachone.Whichstatementistrue?
A) Theyremaininthermalequilibrium.
B) Theyarenolongerinthermalequilibrium;theironiswarmer.
C) Theyarenolongerinthermalequilibrium;thewateriswarmer.
D) Itisimpossibletosaywithoutknowingtheexactmassinvolved.
E) Itisimpossibletosaywithoutknowingtheexactspecificheats.
Answer: B
Var:1
15) Athermallyisolatedsystemismadeupofahotpieceofaluminumandacoldpieceofcopper;
thealuminumandthecopperareinthermalcontact.Thespecificheatofaluminumismore
thandoublethatofcopper.Whichobjectexperiencesthegreatertemperaturechangeduring
thetimethesystemtakestoreachthermalequilibrium?
A) Thecopperexperiencesagreatertemperaturechange.
B) Thealuminumexperiencesagreatertemperaturechange.
C) Neither;bothobjectsexperiencethesamemagnitudetemperaturechange.
D) Itisimpossibletotellwithoutknowingthemasses.
E) Itisimpossibletotellwithoutknowingthevolumes.
Answer: D
Var:1
16) Whenasolidmelts
A) thetemperatureofthesubstanceincreases.
B) thetemperatureofthesubstancedecreases.
C) heatenergyleavesthesubstance.
D) heatenergyentersthesubstance.
Answer: D
Var:1
17) Whenavaporcondenses
A) thetemperatureofthesubstanceincreases.
B) thetemperatureofthesubstancedecreases.
C) heatenergyleavesthesubstance.
D) heatenergyentersthesubstance.
Answer: C
Var:1
18) Achunkofice(T=20C)isaddedtoathermallyinsulatedcontainerofcoldwater(T=0C).
Whathappensinthecontainer?
A) Theicemeltsuntilthermalequilibriumisestablished.
B) Thewatercoolsdownuntilthermalequilibriumisestablished.
C) Someofthewaterfreezesandthechunkoficegetslarger.
D) Noneoftheabovethingshappen.
Answer: C
Var:1
17.2 Problems
1) Thefigure(nottoscale)showsapV diagramfor 1.8 gofheliumgas(He)thatundergoesthe
process123.FindthevalueofV
3
.TheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=0.0821
Latm/molK,andtheatomicweightofheliumis4.0g/mol.
A) 17L
B) 69L
C) 34L
D) 8.6L
Answer: A
Var:50+
2) ThefigureshowsapVdiagramfor 8.3 gofnitrogengas(N
2
temperatureT
1
ofthegasinstate1is79C.Whatare(a)thepressurep
1
ofthegasinstate1
and(b)thetemperatureT
2
ofthegasinstate2?TheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=
0.0821Latm/molK,andtheATOMICweightofnitrogenis14g/mol.
A) (a)86atm,(b)700C.
B) (a)19atm,(b)700C.
C) (a)86atm,(b)160C.
D) (a)19atm,(b)160C.
Answer: A
Var:50+
3) ThefigureshowsapVdiagramfor 4.3 gofoxygengas(O
2
temperatureT
1
ofthegasinstate1is21C.WhatarethetemperaturesT
3
andT
4
ofthegasin
states3and4?TheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=0.0821Latm/molK,andthe
ATOMICweightofoxygenis16g/mol.
A) -52C,390C
B) 16C,47C
C) 220C,660C
D) 11C,32C
Answer: A
Var:50+
4) ThefigureshowsapVdiagramfor 0.95 molofgasthatundergoestheprocess12.Thegas
thenundergoesanisochoricheatingfrompoint2untilthepressureisrestoredtothevalueit
hadatpoint1.Whatisthefinaltemperatureofthegas?Theidealgasconstantis R=8.314
J/molK=0.0821Latm/molK.
A) -160C
B) 15C
C) 390C
D) 120C
Answer: A
Var:50+
5) ThefigureshowsapVdiagramfor 0.0066 molofgasthatundergoestheprocess123.
Whatisthepressurep
2
.TheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=0.0821Latm/molK.
A) 5.3atm
B)
5.310
5
atm
C) 16atm
D)
1.610
6
atm
Answer: A
Var:30
6) Howmuchworkisdoneby3.00molofidealgaswhenittriplesitsvolumeataconstant
temperatureof127C?TheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK.
A) 12.7kJ
B) 9.97kJ
C) 11.0kJ
D) 15.3kJ
E) 1.20kJ
Answer: C
Var:1
7) Anidealgasinaballooniskeptinthermalequilibriumwithitsconstant-temperature
surroundings.Howmuchworkisdonebythegasiftheoutsidepressureisslowlyreduced,
allowingtheballoontoexpandto6.0timesitsoriginalsize?Theballooninitiallyhasa
pressureof645.0Paandavolumeof0.10m
3
.TheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK.
A) 120J
B) 390J
C) -330J
D) 6.0J
Answer: A
Var:50+
8) Asteelcontainer,equippedwithapiston,contains21molofanidealgasat465K.The
containeriscompressedisothermallyto90%ofitsoriginalvolume.Howmuchworkisdone
onthegas?Theidealgasconstantis R=8.314J/molK.
A) 8600J
B) 73,300J
C) 8500J
D) 11J
Answer: A
Var:1
9) Acertainamountofidealmonatomicgasismaintainedatconstantvolumeasitiscooledfrom
455Kto405K.Thisfeatisaccomplishedbyremoving400Jofheatfromthegas.Howmuch
workisdonebythegasduringthisprocess?Theidealgasconstantis R=8.314J/molK.
A) 0.00J
B) 200J
C) 400J
D) 400J
E) 200J
Answer: A
Var:1
10) Anidealmonatomicgascoolsfrom455.0Kto405.0Katconstantvolumeas831Jofenergyis
removedfromit.Howmanymolesofgasareinthesample?Theidealgasconstantis R=
8.314J/molK.
A) 2.50mol
B) 2.15mol
C) 1.50mol
D) 1.33mol
E) 0.725mol
Answer: D
Var:1
11) 3.0molesofanidealgaswithamolarheatcapacityatconstantvolumeof4.9cal/(mol K)anda
molarheatcapacityatconstantpressureof6.9cal/(molK)startsat300Kandisheatedat
constantpressureto320K,thencooledatconstantvolumetoitsoriginaltemperature.How
muchheatflowsintothegasduringthistwo-stepprocess?
A) 710cal
B) 720cal
C) 0.00cal
D) 120cal
E) 120cal
Answer: D
Var:1
12) Aquantityofidealgasrequires800kJtoraisethetemperatureofthegasby10.0Kwhenthe
gasismaintainedatconstantvolume.Thesamequantityofgasrequires900kJtoraisethe
temperatureofthegasby10.0Kwhenthegasismaintainedatconstantpressure.Whatisthe
adiabaticconstantforthisgas?
A) 0.889
B) 1.13
C) 1.22
D) 1.67
E) 1.40
Answer: B
Var:1
13) Thetemperatureofanidealgasinasealed0.40-m
3
rigidcontainerisreducedfrom350Kto
270K.Thefinalpressureofthegasis60kPA.Themolarheatcapacityatconstantvolumeof
thegasis28.0J/molK.Theheatabsorbedbythegasisclosestto
A) -24kJ.
B) -31kJ.
C) 24kJ.
D) 31kJ.
E) 0.00kJ.
Answer: A
Var:50+
14) Thetemperatureofanidealgasinasealed0.40m
3
containerisreducedfrom400Kto270K.
Thefinalpressureofthegasis30kPA.Themolarheatcapacityatconstantvolumeofthegas
is28.0J/molK.Theworkdonebythegasisclosestto
A) 0.00kJ.
B) -19kJ.
C) -25kJ.
D) 19kJ.
E) 25kJ.
Answer: A
Var:50+
15) Acompression,ataconstantpressureof190 kPa,isperformedon5.0 molesofanideal
monatomicgas.Thecompressionreducesthevolumeofthegasfrom0.19m
3
to0.12m
3
.The
idealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK.
Theworkdonebythegasisclosestto
A) -13kJ.
B) 13kJ.
C) -33kJ.
D) 33kJ.
E) 0.00kJ.
Answer: A
Var:50+
16) Amonatomicidealgasundergoesanisothermalexpansionat300K,asthevolumeincreased
from0.03m
3
to0.21m
3
.Thefinalpressureofthegasis60kPa.TheidealgasconstantisR=
8.314J/molK.Thechangeintheinternal(thermal)energyofthegasisclosestto
A) 0.00kJ.
B) 12kJ.
C) 25kJ.
D) -12kJ.
E) -25kJ.
Answer: A
Var:50+
17) Amonatomicidealgasundergoesanisothermalexpansionat300K,asthevolumeincreased
from0.020m
3
to0.040m
3
.Thefinalpressureis120kPa.TheidealgasconstantisR=8.314
J/molK.Theheattransfertothegasisclosestto
A) 3.3kJ.
B) 1.7kJ.
C) -3.3kJ.
D) -1.7kJ.
E) 0.00kJ.
Answer: A
Var:50+
18) Anexpansionprocessonanidealdiatomicgashasalinearpathbetweentheinitialandfinal
statesonapVdiagram.Theinitialpressureis300kPa,theinitialvolumeis0.060m
3
,andthe
initialtemperatureis390K.TheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK.Thefinalpressureis
150kPaandthefinaltemperatureis260K.Theworkdonebythegasisclosestto
A) 4500J.
B) 2300J.
C) 3400J.
D) 5600J.
E) 6800J.
Answer: A
Var:50+
19) Anexpansionprocessonanidealdiatomicgashasalinearpathbetweentheinitialandfinal
statesonapVdiagram.Theinitialpressureis300kPa,theinitialvolumeis0.020m
3
,andthe
initialtemperatureis390K.Thefinalpressureis160kPaandthefinaltemperatureis310K.
Thechangeintheinternal(thermal)energyofthegasisclosestto
A) -3100J.
B) -1800J.
C) 3100J.
D) 1800J.
E) 0.00J.
Answer: A
Var:50+
20) Anadiabaticcompressionisperformedonanidealgas.Thefinalpressureisequalto0.560
timestheinitialpressureandthefinalvolumeequals1.50timestheinitialvolume.Whatisthe
adiabaticconstantforthegas?
A) 1.33
B) 1.43
C) 1.48
D) 1.52
E) 1.67
Answer: B
Var:1
21) Anidealgaswith=1.67isinitiallyat0Cinavolumeof10.0Latapressureof1.00atm.Itis
thenexpandedadiabaticallytoavolumeof10.4L.Whatisthefinaltemperatureofthegas?
A) 7.1C
B) 2.5C
C) 23C
D) 68C
E) 20C
Answer: A
Var:1
22) Duringanisothermalprocess,5.0Jofheatisremovedfromanidealgas.Whatisthechange
ininternal(thermal)energyofthegas?
A) 0.00J
B) 2.5J
C) 5.0J
D) 7.5J
E) 10J
Answer: A
Var:1
23) Duringanisothermalprocess,5.0Jofheatisremovedfromanidealgas.Howmuchwork
doesthegasdoduringthisprocess?
A) 0.00J
B) 2.0J
C) 5.0J
D) 5.0J
E) 10J
Answer: D
Var:1
24) Duringanadiabaticprocess,anidealgasdoes25Jofwork.Whatisthechangeintheinternal
(thermal)energyofthegasduringthisprocess?
A) 0.00J
B) 50J
C) 25J
D) 25J
E) 50J
Answer: D
Var:1
25) Inanisochoricprocess,theinternal(thermal)energyofanidealgasdecreasesby50J.How
muchworkdoesthegasdoduringthisprocess?
A) 0.00J
B) 25J
C) 50J
D) 25J
E) 50J
Answer: A
Var:1
26) Inanisochoricprocess,theinternal(thermal)energyofanidealgasdecreasesby50J.How
muchheatisexchangedwiththegasduringthisprocess?
A) 0.00J
B) 25J
C) 50J
D) 25J
E) 50J
Answer: E
Var:1
27) Asystemhasaheatsourcesupplyingheattoanidealgasatarateof187.0Wandthegasis
doingworkatarateof130.9W.Atwhatrateistheinternal(thermal)energyofthegas
changing?
A) 56.1W
B) 318W
C) 56.1W
D) 187W
Answer: A
Var:1
28) Thegasinaperfectlyinsulatedsystemdoesworkatarateof 13 W. Atwhatrateistheinternal
(thermal)energyofthegaschanging?
A) -13W
B) 13W
C) 0.00W
D) 6.5W
Answer: A
Var:50+
29) Anidealgasisallowedtoexpandslowlyatconstanttemperaturetotwiceitsoriginalvolume.
Duringtheexpansion,thegasabsorbs200kJofheat.
(a)Whatisthechangeintheinternal(thermal)energyofthegasduringtheexpansion?
(b)Howmuchworkdoesthegasdoduringtheexpansion?
Answer: (a)zero(b)200kJ
Var:1
30) Anidealgasinitiallyat300Kandoccupyingavolumeof20Lisadiabaticallycompressed.If
itsfinaltemperatureis400Kand=1.30,whatisitsfinalvolume?
A) 7.7L
B) 14L
C) 22L
D) 52L
Answer: A
Var:1
31) Acontainerwithrigidwallsisfilledwith4molofairwith C
V
= 2.5R.Howmuchdoesthe
internal(thermal)energychangeifthetemperatureoftheairrisesfrom16Cto437C?The
idealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK.
A) 35kJ
B) 421J
C) 3.5kJ
D) 8.75kJ
Answer: A
Var:1
32) Anidealgaswith=1.30occupies7.0Lat300Kand200kPapressure.Itiscompressed
adiabaticallyto1/7ofitsoriginalvolume,thencooledatconstantvolumeto300K,andfinally
allowedtoexpandisothermallyto7.0L.Howmuchworkdoesthegasdoduringthisprocess?
TheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=0.0821Latm/molK.
A) 980J
B) 6400J
C) 270,000J
D) 6400J
E) 980J
Answer: A
Var:1
33) ThepVdiagramshownisfor7.50molesofanidealdiatomicgastakenthroughacyclefrom a
tobtoc.TheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK.
(a)Whatisthehighesttemperaturereachedbythegasduringthecycle?
(b)Whatnetworkdoesthegasdoduringthecycle?
(c)Howmuchheatisexchangedwiththegasduringpartbcofthecycle?Doesitenterorleave
thegas?
(d)Whatisthechangeintheinternal(thermal)energyofthegasduringpart bcofthecycle?
(e)Whatisthechangeintheinternal(thermal)energyofthegasduringtheentirecycle?
Answer: (a)208C(b)4.00kJ(c)30.0kJ,leavesthegas
(d)30.0kJ(e)0.00J
Var:1
34) Acylindercontains23molesofanidealgasatatemperatureof300K.Thegasiscompressed
atconstantpressureuntilthefinalvolumeequals0.43timestheinitialvolume.Themolarheat
capacityatconstantvolumeofthegasis24.0J/mol Kandtheidealgasconstantis R=8.314
J/molK.Theheatabsorbedbythegasisclosestto
A) -130kJ.
B) -94kJ.
C) 130kJ.
D) 94kJ.
E) -33kJ.
Answer: A
Var:50+
35) Acylindercontains24.0molesofanidealgasatatemperatureof300K.Thegasiscompressed
atconstantpressureuntilthefinalvolumeequals0.63timestheinitialvolume.Themolarheat
capacityatconstantvolumeofthegasis24.0J/mol Kandtheidealgasconstantis R=8.314
J/molK.Thechangeintheinternal(thermal)energyofthegasisclosestto
A) -64kJ.
B) -86kJ.
C) 64kJ.
D) 86kJ.
E) -22kJ.
Answer: A
Var:50+
36) Duringanadiabaticprocess,20molesofamonatomicidealgasundergoatemperaturechange
from450Kto320Kstartingfromaninitialpressureis400kPa.Theidealgasconstantis R=
8.314J/molK.
(a)Whatisthefinalvolumeofthegas?
(b)Howmuchheatdoesthegasexchangeduringthisprocess?
(c)Whatisthechangeintheinternal(thermal)energyofthegasduringthisprocess?
Answer: (a)0.31m
3
(b)0.00J(c)32kJ
Var:1
37) ThefigureshowsthepVdiagramforacertainthermodynamicprocess.Inthisprocess, 1500 J
ofheatflowsintoasystem,andatthesametimethesystemexpandsagainstaconstant
externalpressureof9.0010
4
Pa.Ifthevolumeofthesystemincreasesfrom0.020m
3
to
0.050m
3
,calculatethechangeininternal(thermal)energyofthesystem.Iftheinternal
(thermal)energychangeisnonzero,besuretoindicatewhetherthisenergychangeispositive
ornegative.
Answer: +-1200J
Var:50+
38) Afixedamountofidealgasgoesthroughaprocess abc.Instatea,thetemperatureofthegasis
152C,itspressureis1.25atm,anditoccupiesavolumeof0.250m
3
.Itthenundergoesan
isothermalexpansiontostatebthatdoublesitsvolume,followedbyanisobariccompression
backtoitsoriginalvolumeatstatec.(Hint:Firstshowthisprocessona pVdiagram.)Theideal
gasconstantis8.314J/molK,and1.00atm=1.0110
5
Pa.
(a)Howmanymolesdoesthisgascontain?
(b)Whatisthechangeintheinternalenergyofthegasbetweenstates aandb?
(c)Whatisthenetworkdoneon(orby)thisgasduringtheentireprocess?
(d)Whatisthetemperatureofthegasinstatec?
Answer: (a)8.93moles(b)0.00J(c)6.10 10
3
J(d)213K
Var:1
39) Acylindercontains1.2molesofidealgas,initiallyatatemperatureof 116C.Thecylinderis
providedwithafrictionlesspiston,whichmaintainsaconstantpressureof6.410
5
Paonthe
gas.Thegasiscooleduntilitstemperaturehasdecreasedto 27C.Forthegas
C
V
=11.65J/molK,andtheidealgasconstantR=8.314J/molK.
(a)Findtheworkdoneby(oron)thegasduringthisprocess.Istheworkdonebyoronthe
gas?
(b)Whatisthechangeintheinternal(thermal)energyofthegasduringthisprocess?
(c)Howmuchheatistransferredto(orfrom)thegasduringthisprocess?Doesthisheatflow
intooroutofthegas?
Answer: (a)W=-890J(thenegativesignmeansthatworkisdoneonthegas)
(b)-1200J
(c)Q=-2100J(thenegativesignmeansthatheatflowsoutofthegas)
Var:50+
40) Inathermodynamicprocessinvolving7.8molesofanidealgas,thegasisataninitial
temperatureof24Candhasaninitialvolumeof0.040m
3
.Thegasexpandsadiabaticallytoa
volumeof0.080m
3
.Forthisgas,C
V
=12.27J/molK,andtheidealgasconstantisR=8.314
J/molK.Calculatetheworkdonebythegasduringthisexpansion.
Answer: 11kJ
Var:1
41) Itisnecessarytodeterminethespecificheatofanunknownobject.Themassoftheobjectis
measuredtobe199.0g.Itisdeterminedexperimentallythatittakes16.0Jtoraisethe
temperature10.0C.Findthespecificheatoftheobject.
A) 8.04J/kgK
B) 1600J/kgK
C) 0.00120J/kgK
D) 3.1810
6
J/kgK
Answer: A
Var:1
42) A648-gemptyironkettleisputonastove.Howmuchheat.injoules.mustitabsorbtoraise
itstemperaturefrom15.0Cto37.0C?(Thespecificheatforironis113cal/kgC,1cal=4.190
J)
A) 6740J
B) 11,300J
C) 1610J
D) 16,100J
Answer: A
Var:50+
43) Ifweuse67Wofpowertoheat148gofwater,howlongwillittaketoraisethetemperature
ofthewaterfrom15Cto25C?Thespecificheatofwateris4190J/kgK.
A) 93s
B) 5.3s
C) 22s
D) 114h
Answer: A
Var:1
44) A905-gmeteorimpactstheearthataspeedof1629m/s.Ifallofitsenergyisentirely
convertedtoheatinthemeteor,whatwillbetheresultingtemperatureriseofthemeteor,
assumingitdoesnotmelt?Thespecificheatforthemeteormaterialis472J/kgK,whichis
aboutthesameasthatofiron.
A) 2810C
B) 2,540,000C
C) 3.10C
D) 11,700C
Answer: A
Var:1
45) Heatisaddedtoapuresubstanceinaclosedcontainerataconstantrate.Thefigureshowsa
graphofthetemperatureofthesubstanceasafunctionoftime.If L
f
=latentheatoffusionand
L
v
=latentheatofvaporization,whatisthevalueoftheratio L
v
/L
f
forthissubstance?
A) 5.0
B) 4.5
C) 7.2
D) 3.5
E) 1.5
Answer: D
Var:1
46) Asubstancehasameltingpointof20Candaheatoffusionof 3.9x10
4
J/kg.Theboilingpoint
is150Candtheheatofvaporizationis7.810
4
J/kgatapressureof1.0atm.Thespecific
heatsforthesolid,liquid,andgaseousphasesare 600J/(kgK),1000J/(kgK),and400J/(kgK),
respectively.Thequantityofheatrequiredtoraisethetemperatureof3.80kgofthesubstance
from-6Cto128C,atapressureof1.0atm,isclosestto
A) 620kJ.
B) 470kJ.
C) 560kJ.
D) 210kJ.
E) 770kJ.
Answer: A
Var:50+
47) Asubstancehasameltingpointof20Candaheatoffusionof3.5 10
4
J/kg.Theboilingpoint
is150Candtheheatofvaporizationis7.0 10
4
J/kgatapressureof1.0atm.Thespecific
heatsforthesolid,liquid,andgaseousphasesare600J/(kgK),1000J/(kgK),and400J/(kgK),
respectively.Thequantityofheatgivenupby0.50kgofthesubstancewhenitiscooledfrom
170Cto88C,atapressureof1.0atmosphere,isclosestto
A) 70kJ.
B) 14kJ.
C) 21kJ.
D) 30kJ.
E) 44kJ.
Answer: A
Var:1
48) If2.0gofwaterat0.00Cistobevaporized,howmuchheatmustbeaddedtoit?Thespecific
heatofwateris1.0cal/gK,itsheatoffusionis80cal/g,anditsheatofvaporizationis539
cal/g.
A) 1100cal
B) 1100kcal
C) 1200cal
D) 1300cal
E) 1500cal
Answer: D
Var:1
49) Ifyouadd700kJofheatto700 gofwaterat70.0C,howmuchwaterisleftinthecontainer?
Thelatentheatofvaporizationofwateris2.2610
6
J/kganditsspecificheatisis4190J/(kg
K).
A) 429g
B) 258g
C) 340g
D) 600g
E) none
Answer: A
Var:5
50) Heatisaddedtoa2.0kgpieceoficeatarateof793.0 kW. Howlongwillittakefortheiceto
meltifitwasinitiallyat0.00C?(Thelatentheatoffusionforwateris334kJ/kganditslatent
heatofvaporizationis2260kJ/kg.)
A) 0.84s
B) 530,000s
C) 4.7s
D) 670s
Answer: A
Var:50+
51) A406.0kgcopperbarisputintoasmelterformelting.Theinitialtemperatureofthecopperis
300.0K.Howmuchheatmustthesmelterproducetocompletelymeltthecopperbar?(The
specificheatforcopperis386J/kgK,theheatoffusionforcopperis205kJ/kg,anditsmelting
pointis1357K.)
A)
2.4910
5
kJ
B)
1.6610
11
kJ
C)
1.6610
8
kJ
D)
2.9610
5
kJ
Answer: A
Var:50+
52) Apersonpours330gofwaterat 45Cintoan855-galuminumcontainerwithaninitial
temperatureof10C.Thespecificheatofaluminumis900J/(kgK)andthatofwateris4190
J/(kgK).Whatisthefinaltemperatureofthesystem,assumingnoheatisexchangedwiththe
surroundings?
A) 28C
B) 32C
C) 31C
D) 33C
E) 35C
Answer: B
Var:5
53) A400-gpieceofmetalat120.0Cisdroppedintoacupcontaining450gofwaterat15.0C.
Thefinaltemperatureofthesystemismeasuredtobe40.0C.Whatisthespecificheatofthe
metal,assumingnoheatisexchangedwiththesurroundingsorthecup?Thespecificheatof
wateris4190J/(kgK).
A) 1470J/(kgK)
B) 2830J/(kgK)
C) 3420J/(kgK)
D) 3780J/(kgK)
E) 4280J/(kgK)
Answer: A
Var:5
54) An80-galuminumcalorimetercontains380 gofwateratanequilibriumtemperatureof20C.
A120-gpieceofmetal,initiallyat352C,isaddedtothecalorimeter.Thefinaltemperatureat
equilibriumis32C.Assumethereisnoexternalheatexchange.Thespecificheatsof
aluminumandwaterare910J/kgKand4190J/kgK,respectively.Thespecificheatofthe
metalisclosestto
A) 520J/kgK.
B) 480J/kgK.
C) 390J/kgK.
D) 350J/kgK.
E) 560J/kgK.
Answer: A
Var:50+
55) Twoexperimentalrunsareperformedtodeterminethecalorimetricpropertiesofanalcohol
thathasameltingpointof10C.Inthefirstrun,a200-gcubeoffrozenalcohol,atthemelting
point,isaddedto300gofwaterat20Cinastyrofoamcontainer.Whenthermalequilibrium
isreached,thealcohol-watersolutionisatatemperatureof5.0C.Inthesecondrun,an
identicalcubeofalcoholisaddedto500gofwaterat20Candthetemperatureatthermal
equilibriumis10C.Thespecificheatofwateris4190J/kgK.Assumethatnoheatis
exchangedwiththestyrofoamcontainerandwiththesurroundings.Theheatoffusionofthe
alcoholisclosestto
A) 5.510
4
J/kg
B) 6.310
4
J/kg
C) 7.110
4
J/kg
D) 7.910
4
J/kg
E) 8.710
4
J/kg
Answer: B
Var:1
56) Twoexperimentalrunsareperformedtodeterminethecalorimetricpropertiesofanalcohol
thathasameltingpointof10C.Inthefirstrun,a200-gcubeoffrozenalcohol,atthemelting
point,isaddedto300gofwaterat20Cinastyrofoamcontainer.Whenthermalequilibrium
isreached,thealcohol-watersolutionisatatemperatureof5.0C.Inthesecondrun,an
identicalcubeofalcoholisaddedto500gofwaterat20Candthetemperatureatthermal
equilibriumis10C.Thespecificheatofwateris4190J/kgK.Assumethatnoheatis
exchangedwiththestyrofoamcontainerandwiththesurroundings.Thespecificheatofthe
alcoholisclosestto
A) 1700J/kgK.
B) 1900J/kgK.
C) 2100J/kgK.
D) 2300J/kgK.
E) 2500J/kgK.
Answer: C
Var:1
57) Apersonmakesiceteabyaddingiceto1.8kgofhottea,initiallyat80C.Howmany
kilogramsofice,initiallyat0.00C,arerequiredtobringthemixtureto10C?Theheatof
fusionoficeis334kJ/kg,andwecanassumethatteahasessentiallythesamethermal
propertiesaswater,soitsspecificheatis4190J/(kgK).
A) 1.0kg
B) 1.2kg
C) 1.4kg
D) 1.5kg
E) 1.7kg
Answer: C
Var:1
58) Ablockoficeat0.000Cisaddedtoawell -insulated147-galuminumcalorimetercupthat
holds200gofwaterat10.0C.Thewaterandaluminumcupareinthermalequilibrium,and
thespecificheatofaluminumis910J/(kgK).Ifallbut2.00goficemelt,whatwastheoriginal
massoftheblockofice?Thespecificheatofwateris4190J/(kgK),itslatentheatoffusionis
334kJ/kg,anditslatentheatofvaporizationis2260kJ/kg.
A) 31.1g
B) 35.6g
C) 38.8g
D) 42.0g
E) 47.6g
Answer: A
Var:1
59) Acoppercylinderwithamassof125gandtemperatureof345Ciscooledbydroppingitinto
aglassbeakercontaining565gofwaterinitiallyat20.0C.Themassofthebeakeris50.0g
andthespecificheatoftheglassis840J/kgK.Whatisthefinalequilibriumtemperatureofthe
system,assumingthecoolingtakesplaceveryquickly,sothatnoenergyislosttotheair?The
specificheatofcopperis385J/kgKandthatofwateris4190J/kgK.
Answer: 26.4C
Var:1
60) A200-gmetalcontainer,insulatedontheoutside,holds100 gofwaterinthermalequilibrium
at22.00C.A21-gicecube,atthemeltingpoint,isdroppedintothewater,andwhenthermal
equilibriumisreachedthetemperatureis15.00C.Assumethereisnoheatexchangewiththe
surroundings.Forwater,thespecificheatis4190J/kgKandtheheatoffusionis3.34 10
5
J/kg.Thespecificheatforthemetalisclosestto
A) 3850J/kgK.
B) 2730J/kgK.
C) 4450J/kgK.
D) 4950J/kgK.
E) 5450J/kgK.
Answer: A
Var:50+
61) Howmanygramsoficeat -13Cmustbeaddedto711 gramsofwaterthatisinitiallyata
temperatureof87Ctoproducewateratafinaltemperatureof10.0C?Assumethatnoheatis
losttothesurroundingsandthatthecontainerhasnegligiblemass.Thespecificheatofliquid
wateris4190J/kgCandoficeis2050J/kgC.Forwaterthenormalmeltingpointis0.00C
andtheheatoffusionis33410
3
J/kg.Thenormalboilingpointis100Candtheheatof
vaporizationis2.2610
6
J/kg.
Answer: 570g
Var:50+
62) Whatisthesteadystaterateofheatflowthroughapaneofglassthatis40.0cmby30.0cm
withathicknessof4.00mmwhentheoutsidetemperatureoftheglassis -10.0Canditsinside
temperatureis25.0C?Thethermalconductivityofglassis0.105W/(mK),thespecificheatof
glassis0.180cal/(gC),and1cal=4.190J.
A) 24.2W
B) 3.81W
C) 18.6W
D) 47.3W
E) 110W
Answer: E
Var:1
63) Understeadystateconditions,apieceofwood350mmby350mmand15mmthickconducts
heatthroughitsthicknessandlosesnoappreciableheatthroughitswell -insulatedsides.The
rateofheatflowismeasuredtobe14.0Wwhenthetemperaturedifferenceacrossitsthickness
is28C.Determinethethermalconductivityofthiswood.
A) 9.210
-4
W/(mC)
B) 270W/(mC)
C) 16W/(mC)
D) 0.061W/(mC)
E) 33W/(mC)
Answer: D
Var:1
64) Asolidconcretewall4.0mby2.4mand30cmthick,withathermalconductivityof1.3W/(m
K),separatesabasementat18Cfromthegroundoutsideat6C.Understeadystate
conditions,howmuchheatflowsthroughthewallinonehour?
A) 1.8MJ
B) 1.8kJ
C) 500J
D) 5.0MJ
E) 5.0kJ
Answer: A
Var:1
65) Twometalrods,onesilverandtheothercopper,arebothattachedtoasteamchamberas
showninthefigure,withatemperatureof100C,atoneend,andanicewaterbath,witha
temperatureof0C,attheother.Therodsare5.0cmlongandhaveasquarecross -section,2.0
cmonaside.Whensteadystatehasbeenreached,howmuchheatflowsthroughthetworods
in1.0min?Thethermalconductivityofsilveris417W/(mK),andthatofcopperis395W/(m
K).Noheatisexchangedbetweentherodsandthesurroundings,exceptattheirends.
A) 20kJ
B) 39kJ
C) 47kJ
D) 49kJ
E) 11kJ
Answer: B
Var:1
66) Aheatconductingrod,0.90mlong,ismadeofanaluminumsectionthatis0.10mlong,anda
coppersectionthatis0.80mlong.Bothsectionshavecross-sectionalareasof0.00040m
2
.The
aluminumendismaintainedatatemperatureof40Candthecopperendisat150C..The
thermalconductivityofaluminumis205W/mKandofcopperis385W/mK.Steadystatehas
beenreached,andnoheatislostthroughthewell -insulatedsidesoftherod.Thetemperature
ofthealuminum-copperjunctionintherodisclosestto
A) 61C.
B) 58C.
C) 56C.
D) 54C.
E) 52C.
Answer: A
Var:50+
67) Aheatconductingrod,1.40mlong,ismadeofanaluminumsectionthatis0.50mlonganda
coppersectionthatis0.90mlong.Bothsectionshavecross-sectionalareasof0.00040m
2
.The
aluminumendandthecopperendaremaintainedattemperaturesof 40Cand280C,
respectively.Thethermalconductivityofaluminumis205W/mKofcopperis385W/mK.
Therateatwhichheatisconductedintherodisclosestto
A) 20W.
B) 18W.
C) 23W.
D) 25W.
E) 28W.
Answer: A
Var:50+
68) Somepropertiesofglassarelistedhere.
Density: 2300kg/m
3
Specificheat: 840J/kgC
Coefficientoflinearthermalexpansion: 8.510
-6
(C)
-1
Thermalconductivity: 0.80W/(mC)
Aglasswindowpaneis2.7mhigh,2.4mwide,and2.0mmthick.Thetemperatureatthe
innersurfaceoftheglassis22Candattheoutersurface4.0C.Howmuchheatislosteach
hourthroughthewindowundersteadystateconditions?
A)
1.710
8J
B)
1.710
5J
C)
4.710
4J
D)
4.710
1J
E)
1.710
6J
Answer: A
Var:50+
69) Acylindricalbarthatuswellinsulatedarounditssidesconnectshotandcoldreservoirsand
conductsheatatarateof10.0J/sundersteadystateconditions.Ifallofitslineardimensions
(diameterandlength)arereducedbyhalf,therateatwhichitwillnowconductheatbetween
thesamereservoirsisclosestto
A) 80.0J/s.
B) 20.0J/s.
C) 5.00J/s.
D) 2.50J/s.
E) 1.25J/s.
Answer: C
Var:1
70) Aconcretewallofacoldstorageroommeasures3.0mhigh,5.0mwide,and20cmthick.The
roomtemperatureismaintainedat10Candtheoutsidetemperatureis20CTheinsidewall
istobecoveredbyalayerofwoodinordertoreducetherateofheatlossthroughthewallBY
90percent.Thethermalconductivitiesofconcreteandwoodare0.80W/mKand0.040
W/mK,respectively.Understeadystateconditions,thethicknessofthelayerofwood
requiredisclosestto
A) 60mm.
B) 70mm.
C) 80mm.
D) 90mm.
E) 100mm.
Answer: D
Var:1
71) Thewallsofanicechestaremadeof2.00-mm-thickinsulationhavingathermalconductivity
0.00300W/mK.Thetotalsurfaceareaoftheicechestis1.20m
2
.If4.00kgoficeat0.00Care
placedinthechestandthetemperatureoftheoutsidesurfaceofthechestis20.0C,howlong
doesittaketheicetomeltundersteadystateconditions?Thelatentheatoffusionofwateris
79.6cal/g=334kJ/kg.
A) 4.22h
B) 22.1h
C) 17.6h
D) 1.33d
E) 10.3h
Answer: E
Var:1
72) Arod,withsidesinsulatedtopreventheatloss,hasoneendimmersedinboilingwater100C
andtheotherendinawater-icemixtureat0.00C.Therodhasuniformcross-sectionalareaof
4.04cm
2
andlengthof91cm.Understeadystateconditions,theheatconductedbytherod
meltstheiceatarateof1.0gevery34seconds.Whatisthethermalconductivityoftherod?
(Theheatoffusionofwateris3.3410
5
J/kg.)
Answer: 220W/mK
Var:50+
73) Asphericalobject25.0cmindiameterhavinganemissivityof0.800isheldatatemperatureof
275Cbyaninternalheater.Thisobjectisembeddedinaverylargevatofwaterat100.0C
andatmosphericpressure.Atwhatmaximumrate(ing/min)isthewaterevaporatinginthe
vatduetotheradiatedheatitreceivesfromtheobject?Youcanignoreanyheatradiatedby
thewater.Thelatentheatoffusionforwateris33,400J/kg,itslatentheatofvaporizationis
2.2610
6
J/kg,andtheStefan-Boltzmannconstantis5.670 10
-8
W/m
2
K
4
.
Answer: 21.3g/min
Var:1
74) Thefilamentinalightbulbhasadiameterof0.050mmandanemissivityof1.0.The
temperatureofthefilamentis3000C.Whatshouldbethelengthofthefilamentsoitwill
radiate60Wofpower?TheStefan-Boltzmannconstantis5.670 10
-8
W/m
2
K
4
.
A) 11cm
B) 9.4cm
C) 8.6cm
D) 7.2cm
E) 5.9cm
Answer: E
Var:1
75) Ablacksmithisflatteningasteelplatethatmeasures10cm 15cm 1mm.Hehasheatedthe
plateto900K.Iftheemissivityoftheplateis0.75,whatisthetotalrateatwhichitradiates
energy?TheStefan-Boltzmannconstantis5.670 10
-8
W/m
2
K
4
.Ignoreanyheatitreceives
fromthesurroundings.
A) 360W
B) 760W
C) 790W
D) 850W
E) 880W
Answer: D
Var:1
76) BetelgeuseisaredsupergiantstarintheconstellationOrion.Itradiatesheatattherateof2.70
10
30
Wandhasasurfacetemperatureof3000K.Assumingthatitisaperfectemitter,what
istheradiusofBetelgeuse?TheStefan-Boltzmannconstantis5.670 10
-8
W/m
2
K
4
.
A) 7.8010
10
m
B) 8.7010
10
m
C) 1.4010
11
m
D) 1.9010
11
m
E) 2.1610
11
m
Answer: E
Var:1
77) Acubeat100.0Cradiatesheatatarateof80.0J/s.Ifthelengthofeachsideiscutinhalf,the
rateatwhichitwillnowradiateisclosestto
A) 56.6J/s.
B) 40.0J/s.
C) 28.3J/s.
D) 20.0J/s.
E) 10.0J/s.
Answer: D
Var:1
78) Acubeat100Cradiatesheatatarateof80.0J/s.Ifitssurfacetemperatureisincreasedto
200C,therateatwhichitwillnowradiateisclosestto
A) 160J/s.
B) 207J/s.
C) 320J/s.
D) 640J/s.
E) 1280J/s.
Answer: B
Var:1
79) Whatisthenetpowerthatapersonlosesthroughradiationifhersurfaceareais1.20m
2
,ifher
emissivityis0.895,ifherskintemperatureis300K,andifsheisinaroomthatisata
temperatureof17C?TheStefan-Boltzmannconstantis5.670 10
-8
W/m
2
K
4
.
A) 60.3W
B) 62.6W
C) 65.7W
D) 68.4W
E) 64.8W
Answer: B
Var:1
80) Asolidmetalsphereis15.0cmindiameterandhassurfaceofuniformcolor.Whenitssurface
isat112C,youmeasurethatitradiatesenergyatarateof71.3W.Whatistheemissivityof
thesurfaceofthisobject?Anyheatthatentersthespherefromtheoutsideenvironmentis
negligible.TheStefan-Boltzmannconstantis5.670 10
-8
W/m
2
K
4
.
Answer: 0.810
Var:1
81) AradiatingbodyoriginallyhasaKelvintemperatureT
o
,anditssurroundingsareat500K(T
o
>500K).IftheKelvintemperatureoftheradiatingbodyisincreasedto3T
o
,thenetrateat
whichthebodyradiatesincreasesbyafactorof 333.Whatwastheoriginaltemperature T
o
?
Answer: 536K
Var:50+
Chapter18 TheMicro/MacroConnection
1) Ifthetemperatureofafixedamountofanidealgasisincreased,itNECESSARILYfollowsthat
A) thepressureofthegaswillincrease.
B) thevolumeofthegaswillincrease.
C) thespeedofthegasmoleculeswillincrease.
D) Alloftheabovestatementsarecorrect.
Answer: C
Var:1
2) Amoleofoxygen(O
2
)moleculesandamoleofcarbondioxide(CO
2
)moleculesatthesame
temperatureandpressurehave
A) thesameaveragemolecularspeeds.
B) thesamenumberofatoms.
C) differentaveragekineticenergypermolecule.
D) thesamenumberofmolecules.
E) differentvolumes.
Answer: D
Var:1
3) Theaveragemolecularkineticenergyofagascanbedeterminedbyknowing
A) onlythenumberofmoleculesinthegas.
B) onlythevolumeofthegas.
C) onlythepressureofthegas.
D) onlythetemperatureofthegas.
E) Alloftheabovequantitiesmustbeknowntodeterminetheaveragemolecularkinetic
energy.
Answer: D
Var:1
4) Asampleofanidealgasisslowlycompressedtoonehalfitsoriginalvolumewithnochange
intemperature.Whathappenstotheaveragespeedofthemoleculesinthesample?
A) Itdoesnotchange.
B) Itbecomes4timesasgreat.
C) Itbecomes2timesasgreat.
D) Itbecomes1/2asgreat.
E) Itbecomes1/4asgreat.
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter18:TheMicro/MacroConnection
5) Asampleofanidealgasisslowlycompressedtoonehalfitsoriginalvolumewithnochange
inpressure.Iftheoriginalrootmeansquarespeed(thermalspeed)ofthegasmoleculeswas V,
thenewspeedis
A) V.
B) 2V.
C) 2V.
D) V/2.
E) V/ 2
Answer: E
Var:1
6) Ifwedoubletherootmeansquarespeed(thermalspeed)ofthemoleculesofagas,then
A) itstemperaturemustincreasebyafactorof4.
B) itstemperaturemustincreasebyafactorof2.
C) itstemperaturemustincreasebyafactorof 2.
D) itspressuremustincreasebyafactorof2.
E) itspressuremustincreasebyafactorof4.
Answer: A
Var:1
7) Acontainerisfilledwithamixtureofhelium(lightmolecules)andoxygen(heavymolecules)
gases.Athermometerinthecontainerreads22C.Whichgasmoleculeshavethegreater
averagekineticenergy?
A) Itisthesameforbothofthegasesbecausethetemperaturesarethesame.
B) Theoxygenmoleculesdobecausetheyarediatomic.
C) Theoxygenmoleculesdobecausetheyaremoremassive.
D) Theheliummoleculesdobecausetheyarelessmassive.
E) Theheliummoleculesdobecausetheyaremonatomic.
Answer: A
Var:1
8) Acontainerisfilledwithamixtureofhelium(lightmolecules)andoxygen(heavymolecules)
gases.Athermometerinthereads22C.Whichgasmoleculeshavethegreateraveragespeed?
A) Itisthesameforbothofthegasesbecausethetemperaturesarethesame.
B) Theoxygenmoleculesdobecausetheyarediatomic.
C) Theoxygenmoleculesdobecausetheyaremoremassive.
D) Theheliummoleculesdobecausetheyarelessmassive.
E) Theheliummoleculesdobecausetheyaremonatomic.
Answer: D
Var:1
9) Anidealgasiskeptinarigidcontainer.Whenitstemperatureis100K,themeanfreepathof
thegasmoleculesis.Whatwillbethemeanfreepathofthemoleculesat400K?
A) 4
B) 2
C)
D) /2
E) /4
Answer: C
Var:1
10) Theentropyofanisolatedsystemmustbeconserved,soitneverchanges.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
11) Asaresultofanynaturalprocess,thetotalentropyofanysystemplusthatofitsenvironment
A) neverdecreases.
B) sometimesdecreases.
C) neverincreases.
D) alwaysstaysthesame.
Answer: A
Var:1
12) Accordingtothesecondlawofthermodynamics,theentropyofanysystemalwaysincreases.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
13) Thesecondlawofthermodynamicsleadsustoconcludethat
A) thetotalenergyoftheuniverseisconstant.
B) disorderintheuniverseisincreasingwiththepassageoftime.
C) itistheoreticallyimpossibletoconvertworkintoheatwith100%efficiency.
D) thetotalenergyintheuniverseisincreasingwithtime.
E) thetotalenergyintheuniverseisdecreasingwithtime.
Answer: B
Var:1
18.2 Problems
1) Whatisthetotaltranslationalkineticenergyinatestchamberfilledwithnitrogen(N
2
)at
2.1610
5
Paand20.7C?Thedimensionsofthechamberare4.00m5.70m7.40m.The
ATOMICweightofnitrogenis28.0g/mol,Avogadrosnumberis6.022 10
23
molecules/mol
andtheBoltzmannconstantis1.38 10
-23
J/K.
Answer:
5.4710
7J
Var:50+
2) A5.0-litergastankholds1.4molesofhelium(He)and0.70molesofoxygen(O
2
),ata
temperatureof260K.Theatomicmassesofheliumandoxygenare4.0g/moland16.0g/mol,
respectively.Avogadrosnumberis6.02210
23
molecules/molandtheBoltzmannconstantis
1.3810
-23
J/K.Thetotalrandomtranslationalkineticenergyofthegasinthetankisclosest
to
A) 6.8kJ.
B) 6.1kJ.
C) 7.6kJ.
D) 8.3kJ.
E) 9.1kJ.
Answer: A
Var:1
3) A5.0-litergastankholds1.7molesofmonatomichelium(He)and 1.10moleofdiatomic
oxygen(O
2
),atatemperatureof260K.TheATOMICmassesofheliumandoxygenare4.0
g/moland16.0g/mol,respectively.Whatistheratiooftheroot -mean-square(thermal)speed
ofheliumtothatofoxygen?
A) 1.4
B) 2.0
C) 2.8
D) 4.0
E) 5.6
Answer: C
Var:50+
4) Anidealgasiskeptinarigidcontainerthatexpandsnegligiblywhenheated.Thegasstartsat
atemperatureof20.0C,andheatisaddedtoincreaseitstemperature.Atwhattemperature
willitsroot-mean-squarespeed(thermalspeed)bedoubleitsvalueat20.0C?
A) 40.0C
B) 141C
C) 313C
D) 400C
E) 899C
Answer: E
Var:1
5) Theroot-mean-squarespeed(thermalspeed)foracertaingasat100Cis0.500km/s.Ifthe
temperatureofthegasisnowincreasedto200C,theroot-mean-square(thermal)speedwill
beclosestto
A) 563m/s.
B) 634m/s.
C) 707m/s.
D) 804m/s.
E) 1000m/s.
Answer: A
Var:1
6) A0.10-m
3
gastankholds5.0molesofnitrogengas(N
2
),atatemperatureof370K.The
atomicmassofnitrogenis14g/mol,themolecularradiusis3.0 10
-10
m,andtheBoltzmann
constantis1.3810
-23
J/K.Theroot-mean-squarespeed(thermalspeed)ofthemoleculesis
closestto
A) 570m/s.
B) 810m/s.
C) 410m/s.
D) 22m/s.
E) 99m/s.
Answer: A
Var:50+
7) Whatistheaveragetranslationalkineticenergypermoleculeofanidealgasatatemperature
of300K?TheBoltzmannconstantis1.3810
-23
J/K.
A) 1.710
-21
J
B) 8.310
-21
J
C) 6.210
-21
J
D) 2.110
-21
J
E) 4.110
-21
J
Answer: C
Var:1
8) Theroot-mean-squarespeed(thermalspeed)ofacertainsampleofcarbondioxidemolecules,
withamolecularweightof44g/mol,is396m/s.Whatistheroot -mean-squarespeed(thermal
speed)ofwatervapormolecules,withamolecularweightof18g/mol,atthesame
temperature?
A) 253m/s
B) 396m/s
C) 421m/s
D) 506m/s
E) 619m/s
Answer: E
Var:1
9) Theroot-mean-squarespeed(thermalspeed)ofthemoleculesofagasis200m/sata
temperature23.0C.Whatisthemassoftheindividualmolecules?TheBoltzmannconstantis
1.3810
-23
J/K.
A) 2.1310
-25
kg
B) 2.4510
-25
kg
C) 5.6610
-25
kg
D) 1.7810
-25
kg
E) 3.1110
-25
kg
Answer: E
Var:1
10) Asealedcontainerholds0.020molesofnitrogen(N
2
)gasatapressureof1.5atmospheresand
atemperatureof290K.Theatomicmassofnitrogenis14g/mol.TheBoltzmannconstantis
1.3810
-23
J/KandtheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=0.0821Latm/molK.The
averagetranslationalkineticenergyofanitrogenmoleculeisclosestto
A) 4.010
-21
J.
B) 6.010
-21
J.
C) 8.010
-21
J.
D) 1010
-21
J.
E) 1210
-21
J.
Answer: B
Var:1
11) At50.0C,theaveragetranslationalkineticenergyofagasmoleculeis K.Ifthetemperatureis
nowincreasedto100.0C,theaveragetranslationalkineticenergyofamoleculewillbeclosest
to
A) 1.07K.
B) 1.15K.
C) 1.41K.
D) 2.00K.
E) 4.00K.
Answer: B
Var:1
12) Theroot-mean-squarespeed(thermalspeed)ofthemoleculesofagasis200m/sat23.0C.
At227Ctheroot-mean-squarespeed(thermalspeed)ofthemoleculeswillbeclosestto
A) 160m/s
B) 330m/s
C) 260m/s
D) 630m/s
E) 2000m/s
Answer: C
Var:1
13) Acubicboxwithsidesof20.0cmcontains2.00 10
23
moleculesofheliumwitha
root-mean-squarespeed(thermalspeed)of200m/s.Themassofaheliummoleculeis3.40
10
-27
kg.Whatistheaveragepressureexertedbythemoleculesonthewallsofthecontainer?
TheBoltzmannconstantis1.3810
-23
J/KandtheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=
0.0821Latm/molK.
A) 3.39kPa
B) 1.13kPa
C) 570Pa
D) 2.26kPa
E) 9.10Pa
Answer: B
Var:1
14) Atwhattemperaturewouldtheroot-mean-squarespeed(thermalspeed)ofoxygen
moleculesbe13.0m/s?Assumethatoxygenapproximatesanidealgas.ThemassofoneO
2
moleculeis5.312x10
-26
kg.TheBoltzmannconstantis1.3810
-23
J/K.
A) 0.217K
B) 1800K
C) 5410K
D) 0.0666K
Answer: A
Var:1
15) Whatistheaveragekineticenergyofanidealgasmoleculeat569C?(TheBoltzmannconstant
is1.3810
-23
J/K.)
A) 1.7410
-20
J
B) 5.8110
-21
J
C) 1.1810
-17
J
D) 3.9310
-19
J
Answer: A
Var:1
16) Dustparticlesarepulverizedrock,whichhasdensity2500kg/m
3
.Theyareapproximately
spheres20mindiameter.Treatingdustasanidealgas,whatistheroot -mean-squarespeed
(thermalspeed)ofadustparticleat400C?(TheBoltzmannconstantis1.3810
-23
J/K.)
A)
5.210
-5
m/s
B)
1.710
-5
m/s
C)
3.010
-5
m/s
D)
7.310
-5
m/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
17) Anoxygenmoleculefallsinavacuum.Fromwhatheightmustitfallsothatitskineticenergy
atthebottomequalstheaverageenergyofanoxygenmoleculeat800K?(TheBoltzmann
constantis1.3810
-23
J/K,themolecularweightofoxygenis32.0g/mol,andAvogadros
numberis6.02210
23
molecules/mol.)
A) 31.8km
B) 10.6km
C) 21.1km
D) 42.3km
Answer: A
Var:1
18) Elevenmoleculeshavespeeds16,17,18,...,26 m/s. Calculatetheroot-mean-squareofthis
groupofmolecules.
A) 21.2m/s
B) 21.0m/s
C) 21.5m/s
D) 21.7m/s
Answer: A
Var:20
19) Whatistheroot-mean-squarevalueofthefollowingvelocitycomponents:2.0m/s,3.0m/s,
and4.0m/s?
A) 5.4m/s
B) 1.9m/s
C) 3.1m/s
D) 3.3m/s
E) 1.0m/s
Answer: C
Var:1
20) Whatisthemeanfreepathofagasofrandomly-movinghardspheresofradius2.0010
-9
m
whenthedensityofspheresis3.00 10
19
percubicmeter?
A) 1.1710
-4
m
B) 4.0010
-9
m
C) 9.7610
-5
m
D) 1.8810
-3
m
E) 4.6910
-4
m
Answer: E
Var:1
21) Whatisthemeanfreepathforthemoleculesinanidealgaswhenthepressureis100kPaand
thetemperatureis300Kgiventhatthecollisioncross-sectionforthemoleculesofthatgasis
2.010
-20
m
2
?TheBoltzmannconstantis1.3810
-23
J/K,Avogadrosnumberis6.0210
23
molecules/mole,andtheidealgasconstantis R=8.314J/molK=0.0821Latm/molK.
A) 1.110
-6
m
B) 2.110
-6
m
C) 1.710
-6
m
D) 5.310
-6
m
E) 1.510
-6
m
Answer: E
Var:1
22) Assumingtheradiusofdiatomicmoleculesisapproximately1.010
-10
m,forwhatpressure
willthemeanfreepathinroom-temperature(20C)nitrogenbe4.6m?TheBoltzmann
constantis1.3810
-23
23
molecules/mole,andtheideal
gasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=0.0821Latm/molK.
A)
4.910
-8
atm
B)
6.910
-8
atm
C)
1.510
-7
atm
D)
2.210
-7
atm
Answer: A
Var:50+
23) Themeanfreepathofanoxygenmoleculeis2.010
-5
m,whenthegasisatapressureof120
Paandatemperatureof275K.Theatomicmassofoxygenis16.0g/mol,theBoltzmann
constantis1.3810
-23
23
gasconstantisJ/molK=0.0821Latm/molK.Theradiusofanoxygenmoleculeisclosestto
A) 0.22nm.
B) 0.24nm.
C) 0.26nm.
D) 0.28nm.
E) 0.30nm.
Answer: E
Var:1
24) Themeanfreepathofanoxygenmoleculeis2.010
-5
m,whenthegasisatapressureof120
Paandatemperatureof275K.Themolecularmassofoxygenis32.0g/molandtheBoltzmann
constantis1.3810
-23
23
gasconstantisR=8.314J/molK=0.0821Latm/molK.Assumingthatthemoleculesare
movingattheirroot-mean-squarespeeds,theaveragetimeintervalbetweencollisionsofan
oxygenmoleculeisclosestto
A) 20ns.
B) 43ns.
C) 95ns.
D) 200ns.
E) 420ns.
Answer: B
Var:1
25) Onahotsummerday,thetemperatureis40.0Candthepressureis1.01 10
5
Pa.Letus
modeltheairasallnitrogenofmolecularmass28.0g/molhavingmoleculesofdiameter0.500
nmthataremovingattheirroot-mean-squarespeed.Avogadrosnumberis6.02 10
23
molecules/mol,theidealgasconstantis8.31J/molK,andtheBoltzmannconstantis1.38
10
-23
J/K.Calculatereasonableestimatesfor
(a)theroot-mean-squarespeedofthenitrogenmolecules.
(b)theaveragedistanceatypicalmoleculetravelsbetweencollisions.
(c)theaveragetimeamoleculetravelsbetweencollisions,assumingthatthemoleculesare
movingattheirroot-mean-squarespeeds.
(d)thenumberofcollisionsanaveragemoleculeundergoespersecond.
Answer: (a)528m/s(b)3.8510
-8
m
(c)7.2910
-11
s(d)1.3710
10
collisions
Var:1
26) Whatisthemeanfreepathofmoleculesinanidealgasinwhichthemeancollisiontimeis3.00
10
-10
s,thetemperatureis300K,andthemassofthemoleculesis6.00 10
-25
kg?Assume
thatthemoleculesaremovingattheirroot-mean-squarespeeds.TheBoltzmannconstantis
1.3810
-23
J/K.
A) 7.2210
-8
m
B) 4.3210
-8
m
C) 9.1910
-8
m
D) 1.3910
-8
m
E) 6.7110
-8
m
Answer: B
Var:1
Chapter19 HeatEnginesandRefrigerators
1) Isitpossibletotransferheatfromahotreservoirtoacoldreservoir?
A) No;thisisforbiddenbythesecondlawofthermodynamics.
B) Yes;thiswillhappennaturally.
C) Yes,butworkwillhavetobedone.
D) Theoreticallyyes,butithasntbeenaccomplishedyet.
Answer: B
Var:1
2) Isitpossibletotransferheatfromacoldreservoirtoahotreservoir?
A) No;thisisforbiddenbythesecondlawofthermodynamics.
B) Yes;thiswillhappennaturally.
C) Yes,butworkwillhavetobedone.
D) Theoreticallyyes,butithasntbeenaccomplishedyet.
Answer: C
Var:1
3) Anenginemanufacturermakestheclaimthattheenginetheyhavedevelopedwill,oneach
cycle,take100Jofheatoutofboilingwaterat100C,domechanicalworkof80J,andexhaust
20Jofheatat10C.What,ifanything,iswrongwiththisclaim?
A) Theheatexhaustedmustalwaysbegreaterthantheworkdoneaccordingtothesecond
lawofthermodynamics.
B) Thisengineviolatesthefirstlawofthermodynamicsbecause100J+20J 80J.
C) Anenginewouldoperatebytakinginheatatthelowertemperatureandexhaustingheat
atthehighertemperature.
D) TheefficiencyofthisengineisgreaterthantheidealCarnotcycleefficiency.
E) Thereisnothingwrongwiththisclaimbecause100J=20J+80J.
Answer: D
Var:1
4) Theentropyofanisolatedsystemmustbeconserved,soitneverchanges.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
5) Asaresultofanynaturalprocess,thetotalentropyofanysystemplusthatofitsenvironment
A) neverdecreases.
B) sometimesdecreases.
C) neverincreases.
D) alwaysstaysthesame.
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter19:HeatEnginesandRefrigerators
6) Accordingtothesecondlawofthermodynamics,theentropyofanysystemalwaysincreases.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
7) Ahotpieceofironisthrownintotheoceananditstemperatureeventuallystabilizes.Whichof
thefollowingstatementsconcerningthisprocessiscorrect?(Theremaybemorethanone
correctchoice.)
A) Theentropylostbytheironisequaltotheentropygainedbytheocean.
B) Theentropygainedbytheironisequaltotheentropylostbytheocean.
C) Thechangeintheentropyoftheironoceansystemiszero.
D) Theoceangainsmoreentropythantheironloses.
E) Theoceangainslessentropythantheironloses.
Answer: D
Var:1
8) Thesecondlawofthermodynamicsleadsustoconcludethat
A) thetotalenergyoftheuniverseisconstant.
B) disorderintheuniverseisincreasingwiththepassageoftime.
C) itistheoreticallyimpossibletoconvertworkintoheatwith100%efficiency.
D) thetotalenergyintheuniverseisincreasingwithtime.
E) thetotalenergyintheuniverseisdecreasingwithtime.
Answer: B
Var:1
9) Anicecubeat0Cisplacedinaverylargebathtubfilledwithwaterat30Candallowedto
melt,causingnoappreciablechangeinthetemperatureofthebathwater.Whichoneofthe
followingstatementsistrue?
A) Theentropygainedbytheicecubeisequaltotheentropylostbythewater.
B) Theentropylostbytheicecubeisequaltotheentropygainedbythewater.
C) Thenetentropychangeofthesystem(icepluswater)iszerobecausenoheatwasadded
tothesystem.
D) Theentropyofthesystem(icepluswater)increasesbecausetheprocessisirreversible.
E) Theentropyofthewaterdoesnotchangebecauseitstemperaturedidnotchange.
Answer: D
Var:1
19.2 Problems
1) Anuclearfissionpowerplanthasanactualefficiencyof 39%.If0.25 MWofpowerare
producedbythenuclearfission,howmuchelectricpowerdoesthepowerplantoutput?
A) 0.098MW
B) 9.8MW
C) 35MW
D) 0.35MW
Answer: A
Var:50+
2) Anautomobileenginetakesin4000Jofheatandperforms1100Jofmechanicalworkineach
cycle.
(a)Calculatetheenginesefficiency.
(b)Howmuchheatiswastedineachcycle?
Answer: (a)27.5%(b)2900J
Var:1
3) Thegraphinthefigureshowsacycleforaheatengineforwhich Q
H
=35J.Whatisthe
thermalefficiencyofthisengine?
A) 29%
B) 57%
C) 14%
D) 23%
Answer: A
Var:50+
4) Acertainengineextracts1300Jofheatfromahottemperaturereservoiranddischarges700J
ofheattoacoldtemperaturereservoir.Whatistheefficiencyofthisengine?
A) 46%
B) 54%
C) 86%
D) 27%
E) 13%
Answer: A
Var:1
5) Aheatenginewithanefficiencyof30.0%performs2500Jofwork.Howmuchheatis
dischargedtothelowertemperaturereservoir?
A) 5830J
B) 8330J
C) 750J
D) 1350J
E) 7080J
Answer: A
Var:1
6) Areal(non-Carnot)heatengine,operatingbetweenheatreservoirsattemperaturesof 650 K
and270K,performs4.3kJofnetworkandrejects8.0kJofheatinasinglecycle.Thethermal
efficiencyofthisheatengineisclosestto
A) 0.35
B) 0.31
C) 0.28
D) 0.38
E) 0.42
Answer: A
Var:50+
7) Aheatenginetakes2.0molesofanidealgasthroughthereversiblecycle abca,onthepV
diagramshowninthefigure.Thepath bcisanisothermalprocess.Thetemperatureatcis820
K,andthevolumesat aandcare0.010m
3
and0.16m
3
,respectively.Themolarheatcapacity
atconstantvolume,ofthegas,is37J/molK,andtheidealgasconstantis R=8.314J/(molK).
Thethermalefficiencyoftheengineisclosestto
A) 0.26.
B) 0.026.
C) 0.33.
D) 0.40.
E) 0.53.
Answer: A
Var:1
8) Aheatengineperformsthereversiblecycleabca with9.0molesofanidealgas,asshowninthe
figure.Pathcaisanadiabaticprocess.Thetemperaturesatpointsaandbare300Kand500K,
respectively.Thevolumeatpointcis0.20m
3
.Theadiabaticconstantofthegasis1.60.The
thermalefficiencyofthisengineisclosestto
A) 0.070.
B) 0.10.
C) 0.13.
D) 0.16.
E) 0.19.
Answer: C
Var:1
9) Arefrigeratorhasacoefficientofperformanceequalto4.2.Howmuchworkmustbedoneon
therefrigeratorinordertoremove250Jofheatfromtheinterior?
A) 60J
B) 120J
C) 250J
D) 480J
E) 1050J
Answer: A
Var:1
10) Arefrigeratorremovesheatfromthefreezingcompartmentattherateof20kJandejects24kJ
intoaroompercycle.Howmuchworkisrequiredineachcycle?
A) 4kJ
B) 20kJ
C) 22kJ
D) 24kJ
E) 44kJ
Answer: A
Var:1
11) Duringeachcycleofoperation,arefrigeratorabsorbs230Jofheatfromthefreezerandexpels
356Jofheattotheroom.Howmuchworkinputisrequiredineachcycle?
A) 712J
B) 586J
C) 460J
D) 310J
E) 126J
Answer: E
Var:1
12) Anidealreversiblerefrigeratorkeepsitsinsidecompartmentat9.0C.Whatisthehigh
temperature,T
h
,neededtogivethisrefrigeratoracoefficientofperformanceof3.7?
A) 85C
B) 1052C
C) 11C
D) 42C
Answer: A
Var:50+
13) Arefrigeratorhasacoefficientofperformanceof1.15,anditextracts7.95Jofheatfromthe
coldreservoirduringeachcycle.
(a)Howmuchworkisdoneonthegasineachcycle?
(b)Howmuchheatisexhaustedintothehotreservoirineachcycle?
Answer: (a)6.91J(b)14.9J
Var:1
14) Anairconditionerwithacoefficientofperformanceof3.5uses30kWofpower.Howmuch
powerisitdischargingtotheoutdoors?
A) 30kW
B) 75kW
C) 105kW
D) 135kW
E) 210kW
Answer: D
Var:1
15) AcertainCarnotheatpumptransfersenergyfromtheoutsideofahouse,wherethe
temperatureis15C,totheinsideofaroomwherethetemperatureis21C.Ifthisheatpump
runsoffofelectricity,whatistheminimumrateatwhichituseselectricalenergytodeliver150
Wtotheinsideroom?
Answer: 18W
Var:1
16) ACarnotengineoperatesbetweenahightemperaturereservoirat 435 Kandariverwith
waterat280K.Ifitabsorbs3700Jofheateachcycle,howmuchworkpercycledoesit
perform?
A) 1318J
B) 2382J
C) 1449J
D) 2251J
Answer: A
Var:50+
17) ACarnotengineoperatingbetweenareservoirofliquidmercuryatitsmeltingpoint (233K)
andacolderreservoirextracts10.0Jofheatfromthemercuryanddoes8.0Jofworkduring
eachcycle.Whatisthetemperatureofthecolderreservoir?
A) 47K
B) 186K
C) 163K
D) 207K
Answer: A
Var:50+
18) Whatisthemaximumtheoreticalefficiencypossibleforaheatengineoperatingbetweena
reservoirinwhichiceandwatercoexist,andareservoirinwhichwaterandsteamcoexist?
Thepressureisconstantat1.0atmosphereforbothreservoirs.
A) 27%
B) 45%
C) 73%
D) 17%
Answer: A
Var:1
19) ACarnotengineoperatesbetweenreservoirsat550Kand300K,discarding1500Jofheatin
eachcycle.
(a)Whatistheenginesefficiency?
(b)Howmuchheatissuppliedtotheenginebythehotreservoirineachcycle?
Answer: (a)45.5%(b)2750J
Var:1
20) ACarnotcycleengineoperatesbetweenalowtemperaturereservoirat20Candahigh
temperaturereservoirat800C.Iftheengineisrequiredtooutput20.0kJofworkpercycle,
howmuchheatmustthehightemperaturereservoirtransfertotheengineduringeachcycle?
A) 27.5kJ
B) 73.2kJ
C) 39.2kJ
D) 800kJ
E) 20.5kJ
Answer: A
Var:1
21) AperfectCarnotengineoperatesbetweenthetemperaturesof300Kand700K,drawing60kJ
ofheatfromthe700Kreservoirineachcycle.Howmuchheatisdumpedintothe300K
reservoirineachcycle?
A) 38kJ
B) 34kJ
C) 30kJ
D) 26kJ
E) 42kJ
Answer: D
Var:1
22) Oneofthemostefficientenginesbuiltsofarhasthefollowingcharacteristics:
combustionchambertemperature=1900C
exhausttemperature=430C
7.010
9
caloffuelproduces1.410
10
Jofworkinonehour,where1cal=4.19J
(a)Whatistheactualefficiencyofthisengine?
(b)WhatistheCarnotefficiencyoftheengine?
(c)Whatisthepoweroutputofthisengine?
Answer: (a)48%(b)68%(c)3.9MW
Var:1
23) Acoal-firedplantgenerates600MWofelectricpower.Theplantuses4.8 10
6
kgofcoal
eachday.Theheatproducedbythecombustionofcoalis3.3 10
7
J/kg.Thesteamthat
drivestheturbinesisatatemperatureof300C,andtheexhaustwaterisat37C.
(a)Whatistheoverallefficiencyoftheplantforgeneratingelectricpower?
(b)Whatisthemaximumefficiencythatthisplantcouldpossiblyhaveusingthesame
temperatureextremesthatitpresentlyuses?
(c)Howmuchthermalenergyisexhaustedeachdaybythisplant?
Answer: (a)33%(b)46%(c)1.1 10
14
J
Var:1
24) YouwanttodesignanidealCarnotheatenginethatwastesonly35.0%oftheheatthatgoes
intoit.Thelowestcold-reservoirtemperatureavailabletoyouis+15.0C.If150.0Jofworkis
donepercycle,theheatinputpercycleisclosestto
A) 203J
B) 231J
C) 248J
D) 429J
E) 760J
Answer: B
Var:1
25) AnidealCarnotengineoperatesbetweenreservoirshavingtemperaturesof125Cand -20C.
Eachcycletheheatexpelledbythisengineisusedtomelt30.0goficeat0.00C.Theheatof
fusionofwateris3.3410
5
J/kgandtheheatofvaporizationofwateris2.25 10
6
J/kg.
(a)Howmuchworkdoesthisenginedoeachcycle?
(b)Howmuchheatpercycledoesthisengineabsorbatthehotreservoir?
Answer: (a)5740J(b)15,800J
Var:1
26) ACarnotrefrigeratortakesheatfromwaterat0Candrejectsheattoaroomat12C.Suppose
that92.0gramsofwaterat0Careconvertedtoiceat0Cbytherefrigerator.Calculatethe
mechanicalenergythatmustbesuppliedtotherefrigerator.Theheatoffusionofwateris3.34
10
5
J/kg.
Answer: 1350J
Var:1
27) ACarnotrefrigeratorhasacoefficientofperformanceof2.5.Therefrigeratorconsumes50W
ofpower.Howmuchheatisremovedfromtheinterioroftherefrigeratorin1hour?
A) 7.5kJ
B) 450kJ
C) 180kJ
D) 720kJ
E) 72kJ
Answer: B
Var:1
28) ACarnotairconditioneroperatesbetweenanindoortemperatureof20Candanoutdoor
temperatureof39C.Howmuchenergydoesitneedtoremove2000Jofheatfromtheinterior
ofthehouse?
A) 105J
B) 130J
C) 780J
D) 520J
E) 340J
Answer: B
Var:1
29) ThecompressorinacertainCarnotrefrigeratorperforms480Jofworktoremove150Jofheat
fromtheinterioroftherefrigerator.Howmuchheatmustthecoilsbehindtherefrigerator
dischargeintothekitchen?
A) 110J
B) 150J
C) 330J
D) 480J
E) 630J
Answer: E
Var:1
30) ThetemperatureinsideaCarnotrefrigeratorplacedinakitchenat22.0Cis2.0C.Theheat
extractedfromtherefrigeratoris89MJ/h.Whatpowerisneededtooperatethisrefrigerator?
A) 1.7kW
B) 1.8kW
C) 1.5kW
D) 1.9kW
E) 1.6kW
Answer: B
Var:1
31) ACarnotengineisoperatedasaheatpumptoheataroominthewinter.Theheatpump
deliversheattotheroomattherateof34kJpersecondandmaintainstheroomata
temperatureof293Kwhentheoutsidetemperatureis229K.Thepowerrequirementforthe
heatpumpundertheseoperatingconditionsisclosestto
A) 7500W.
B) 6000W.
C) 17,000W.
D) 13,000W.
E) 9600W.
Answer: A
Var:50+
32) Asystemconsistsoftwoverylargethermalreservoirsincontactwitheachother,oneat
temperature300Candtheotherattemperature200C.When600Jofheattransfersfromthe
300Creservoirtothe200Creservoir,whatisthechangeinentropyofthissystem?
A) 0.221J/K
B) 1.00J/K
C) 5.00J/K
D) 1.00J/K
E) 2.31J/K
Answer: A
Var:1
33) A2.0-kgblockofaluminumat50Cisdroppedinto5.0kgofwaterat20Candthe
temperatureisallowedtostabilize.Whatisthetotalchangeinentropyduringthisprocess,
assumingnoheatisexchangedwiththeenvironment?Thespecificheatofaluminumis910
J/(kgK)andthespecificheatofwateris4190J/(kgK).
A) 8.2J/K
B) 10J/K
C) 3.310
-2
J/K
D) 3.810
-3
J/K
E) 2.410
-3
J/K
Answer: A
Var:1
34) A2.00kgpieceofleadat40.0Cisplacedinaverylargequantityofwaterat10.0C,and
thermalequilibriumiseventuallyreached.Calculatetheentropychangeoftheleadthatoccurs
duringthisprocess.Thespecificheatofleadis130J/(kgK).
A) 12.5J/K
B) 86.0J/K
C) 26.2J/K
D) 86.0J/K
E) 6.24J/K
Answer: C
Var:1
35) A2.00kgpieceofleadat40.0Cisplacedinaverylargequantityofwaterat10.0C,and
thermalequilibriumiseventuallyreached.CalculatetheTOTALchangeinentropythatoccurs
duringthisprocess.Thespecificheatofleadis130J/(kgK).
A) 190J/K
B) 100J/K
C) 6.6J/K
D) 6.2J/K
E) 1.4J/K
Answer: E
Var:1
36) Whatisthechangeinentropyof10.0molesofideal monatomicgasthatreversiblyundergoes
theisothermalexpansionshowninthefigure?Theidealgasconstantis R=8.314J/(molK).
A) 221J/K
B) 104J/K
C) 63.1J/K
D) 45.2J/K
E) 90.8J/K
Answer: B
Var:1
37) A610-gquantityofanidealgasundergoesareversibleisothermalcompressionata
temperatureof330K.Thecompressionreducesthevolumeofthegasfrom0.40m
3
initially,to
0.21m
3
finally.Themolecularmassofthegasis 33.0g/mol,andtheidealgasconstantis R=
8.314J/(molK).Theentropychangeforthegasisclosestto
A) -99J/K.
B) -81J/K.
C) 99J/K.
D) 81J/K.
E) 0.00J/K.
Answer: A
Var:50+
38) A810-gquantityofethanol,intheliquidstateatitsmeltingpointof -114C,isfrozenat
atmosphericpressure.Theheatoffusionofethanolis1.0410
5
J/kg,themolecularmassis
46.1g/mol,andtheidealgasconstantisR=8.314J/(molK).Thechangeintheentropyofthe
ethanolasitfreezesisclosestto
A) -540J/K.
B) -490J/K.
C) -600J/K.
D) 490J/K.
E) 540J/K.
Answer: A
Var:50+
39) A2.00-kgblockoficeat0.00Cisdroppedintoaverylargelakeat25.0Candcompletely
melts.Forwater,theheatoffusionis3.3510
5
J/kg,theheatofvaporizationis2.25 10
5
J/kg,
andthespecificheatis4190J/kgK.Thenetchangeinentropyofthesystemconsistingofthe
iceandthelakeduetothismeltingprocessisclosestto
A) 2.4510
3
J/K.
B) 2.2410
3
J/K.
C) 2.0610
2
J/K.
D) 2.4510
3
J/K.
E) 2.0610
2
J/K.
Answer: C
Var:1
40) Atatmosphericpressure,45molesofliquidheliumarevaporizedatitsboilingpointof 4.22K.
Theheatofvaporizationofhelium,atatmosphericpressure,is 2.0910
4
J/kg,andtheatomic
weightofheliumis4.00g/mol.Thechangeintheentropyofthehelium,asitvaporizes,is
closestto
A) 890J/K.
B) 14,000J/K.
C) 18,000J/K.
D) 9400J/K.
E) 14,000J/K.
Answer: A
Var:1
41) Abrassrod,75.0cmlongandhavingacross-sectionalareaof2.50cm
2
,conductsheatfroma
largefurnaceat375Cintoaverylargecoldwaterbathat10.0Cwithoutlosinganyheatat
thelateralsurfaceoftherod.Steadystatehasbeenestablished,andthethermalconductivityof
brassis109W/mK.Therateatwhichtheentropyofthesystem(furnacepluswater)is
changingisclosestto
A) 2.0510
-2
W/K.
B) 2.6410
-2
W/K.
C) 3.5410
-2
W/K.
D) 4.6910
-2
W/K.
E) 6.7410
-2
W/K.
Answer: B
Var:1
Chapter20 TravelingWaves
1) Fourtravelingwavesaredescribedbythefollowingequations,whereallquantitiesare
measuredinSIunitsandyrepresentsthedisplacement.
I: y=0.12cos(3x21t)
II: y=0.15sin(6x+42t)
III: y=0.13cos(6x+21t)
IV: y=0.27sin(3x42t)
Whichofthesewaveshavethesameperiod?
A) IandIII,andalsoIIandIV
B) IandIV,andalsoIIandIII
C) IandII,andalsoIIIandIV
D) Allofthemhavethesameperiod.
E) Theyallhavedifferentperiods.
Answer: A
Var:1
2) Fourtravelingwavesaredescribedbythefollowingequations,whereallquantitiesare
measuredinSIunitsandyrepresentsthedisplacement.
I: y=0.12cos(3x+2t)
II: y=0.15sin(6x-3t)
III: y=0.23cos(3x+6t)
IV: y=0.29sin(1.5x-t)
Whichofthesewaveshavethesamespeed?
A) IandIII
B) IandIV
C) IIandIII
D) IandII
E) IIIandIV
Answer: B
Var:1
3) Forthewaveshowninthefigure,thewavelengthis
A) 8m.
B) 4m.
C) 2m.
D) 1m.
E) unabletobedeterminedfromthegiveninformation.
Answer: E
Var:1
4) Forthewaveshowninthefigure,thefrequencyis
A) 0.5Hz.
B) 1Hz.
C) 2Hz.
D) 4Hz.
E) unabletobedeterminedfromthegiveninformation.
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter20:TravelingWaves
5) Thefigureshowsthedisplacement y ofatravelingwaveatagivenpositionasafunctionof
timeandthedisplacementofthesamewaveatagiventimeasafunctionofposition.
Determinethewavelengthofthewave.
A) 2.0cm
B) 3.0m
C) 2.0m
D) 4.0m
E) 1.5m
Answer: B
Var:1
6) Thefigureshowsthedisplacement y ofawaveatagivenpositionasafunctionoftimeandthe
displacementofthesamewaveatagiventimeasafunctionofposition.Determinethe
frequencyofthewave.
A) 4.0Hz
B) 0.50Hz
C) 3.0Hz
D) 0.33Hz
E) 0.25Hz
Answer: E
Var:1
7) WhenaweightWishangingfromalightverticalstring,thespeedofpulsesonthestringis V.
IfasecondweightWisaddedwithoutstretchingthestring,thespeedofpulsesonthisstring
willnowbecome
A) 2V.
B) 2V.
C) V.
D) V/ 2.
E) V/2
Answer: B
Var:1
8) Youaregeneratingtravelingwavesonastretchedstringbywigglingoneend.Ifyousuddenly
begintowigglemorerapidlywithoutappreciablyaffectingthetension,youwillcausethe
wavestomovedownthestring
A) fasterthanbefore.
B) slowerthanbefore.
C) atthesamespeedasbefore.
Answer: C
Var:1
9) Inthefigure,whichofthecurvesbestrepresentsthevariationofwavespeedasafunctionof
tensionfortransversewavesonastretchedstring?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E
Answer: B
Var:1
10) Atransversewavetravelingalongastringtransportsenergyatarate r.Ifwewanttodouble
thisrate,wecould
A) increasetheamplitudeofthewavebyafactorof8.
B) increasetheamplitudeofthewavebyafactorof4.
C) increasetheamplitudeofthewavebyafactorof2.
D) increasetheamplitudebyafactorof 2.
E) increasetheamplitudebyafactorof 8.
Answer: D
Var:1
11) Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A) Boththeintensitylevel(indB)andthesoundintensitycanneverbenegative.
B) Theintensitylevel(indB)obeysaninversesquaredistancelaw,butthesoundintensity
doesnot.
C) Bothintensitylevel(indB)andsoundintensityobeyinversesquaredistancelaws.
D) Thesoundintensitycanneverbenegative,buttheintensitylevel(indB)canbenegative.
E) Boththeintensitylevel(indB)andthesoundintensitycanbenegative.
Answer: D
Var:1
12) Whenarocketistravelingtowardamountainat100m/s,thesoundwavesfromthisrockets
engineapproachthemountainatspeed V.Iftherocketdoublesitsspeedto200m/s,thesound
wavesfromtheenginewillnowapproachthemountainatspeed
A) 4V.
B) 2V.
C) 2V.
D) V.
Answer: D
Var:1
13) Aplanefliestowardastationarysirenat1/4thespeedofsound.Thentheplanestandsstillon
thegroundandthesirenisdriventowarditat1/4thespeedofsound.Inbothcases,aperson
sittingintheplanewillhearthesamefrequencyofsoundfromthesiren.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
14) Astationarysirenemitssoundoffrequency1000Hzandwavelength0.343m.Anobserver
whoismovingtowardthesirenwillmeasureafrequency fandwavelengthforthissound
suchthat
A) f>1000Hzand>0.343m.
B) f>1000Hzand=0.343m.
C) f>1000Hzand<0.343m.
D) f=1000Hzand<0.343m.
Answer: B
Var:1
20.2 Problems
1) Thefigureshowsthedisplacement y ofatravelingwaveatagivenpositionasafunctionof
timeandthedisplacementofthesamewaveatagiventimeasafunctionofposition.How
fastisthewavetraveling?
A) 3.0m/s
B) 0.75m/s
C) 0.66m/s
D) 1.5m/s
E) 2.0m/s
Answer: B
Var:1
2) Oceantidesarewavesthathaveaperiodof12hours,anamplitude(insomeplaces)of1.50m,
andaspeedof750km/hr.Whatisthedistancebetweenadjacentcrestsofthesewaves?
A) 9000km
B) 32,400km
C) 9000m
D) 32,400m
E) 2500m
Answer: A
Var:1
3) Theverticaldisplacementy(x,t)ofastringstretchedalongthehorizontal x-axisisgivenby
y(x,t)=(6.00mm)cos[(3.25m
-1
)x-(7.22rad/s)t].
(a)Whatistheminimumtimeforeachcompletecycleofthewave?
(b)Whatisthedistancebetweenadjacentcrestsofthewave?
(c)Howfastdoesthiswavetravel?
Answer: (a)0.870s(b)1.93m(c)2.22m/s
Var:1
4) Atransversewaveistravelingonastringstretchedalongthehorizontal x-axis.Theequation
fortheverticaldisplacementyofthestringisgivenbyy=0.0020cos[(15x52t)],whereall
quantitiesareinSIunits.Themaximumspeedofaparticleofthestringisclosestto
A) 0.33m/s.
B) 0.43m/s.
C) 0.53m/s.
D) 0.64m/s.
E) 0.74m/s.
Answer: A
Var:1
5) Findthespeedofanoceanwavewhoseverticaldisplacementy asafunctionoftimetisgiven
byy(x,t)=3.7cos(2.2x5.6t),whereallquantitiesareinSIunits.
A) 2.5m/s
B) 1.9m/s
C) 3.5m/s
D) 4.5m/s
Answer: A
Var:1
6) Youandyoursurfingbuddyarewaitingtocatchawaveafewhundredmetersoffthebeach.
Thewavesareconvenientlysinusoidal,andyounoticethatwhenyoureonthetopofone
waveandmovingtowardyourfriend,sheisexactlyhalfwaybetweenyouandthetroughof
thewave.1.50secondslater,yourfriendisatthetopofthewave.Youestimatethehorizontal
distancebetweenyouandyourfriendat8.00m.
(a)Whatisthefrequencyofthewaves?
(b)Findthespeedofthewaves.
Answer: (a)0.167Hz(b)5.33m/s
Var:1
7) Wavestravelalonga100-mlengthofstringwhichhasamassof55gandisheldtautwitha
tensionof75N.Whatisthespeedofthewaves?
A) 3700m/s
B) 370m/s
C) 37m/s
D) 0.37m/s
E) 3.7m/s
Answer: B
Var:1
8) A6.00-mlongropeisunderatensionof600N.Wavestravelalongthisropeat40.0m/s.
Whatisthemassoftherope?
A) 1.00kg
B) 1.25kg
C) 2.25kg
D) 2.50kg
E) 1.12kg
Answer: C
Var:1
9) Thedensityofaluminumis2700kg/m
3
.Iftransversewavespropagateat34m/sina
4.6-mmdiameteraluminumwire,whatisthetensiononthewire?
A) 52N
B) 31N
C) 42N
D) 62N
Answer: A
Var:21
10) A6.0-mwirewithamassof50 g,isundertension.Atransversewave,forwhichthe
frequencyis810Hz,thewavelengthis0.40m,andtheamplitudeis4.0mm,ispropagatingon
thewire.Thetimeforacrestofthiswavetotravelthelengthofthewireisclosestto
A) 19ms.
B) 16ms.
C) 21ms.
D) 23ms.
E) 25ms.
Answer: A
Var:50+
11) A8.0-mlongwirewithamassof10 gisundertension.Atransversewaveforwhichthe
frequencyis570Hz,thewavelengthis0.10m,andtheamplitudeis3.7mmispropagatingon
thewire.Themaximumtransverseaccelerationofapointonawireisclosestto
A) 47,000m/s
2
.
B) 41,000m/s
2
.
C) 35,000m/s
2
.
D) 29,000m/s
2
.
E) 53,000m/s
2
.
Answer: A
Var:50+
12) Aheavystoneofmassmishungfromtheceilingbyathin8.25-gwirethatis65.0cmlong.
Whenyougentlyplucktheupperendofthewire,apulsetravelsdownthewireandreturns
7.84mslater,havingreflectedoffthelowerend.Thestoneisheavyenoughtopreventthe
lowerendofthewirefrommoving.Whatisthemassmofthestone?
A) 8.90kg
B) 23.1kg
C) 35.6kg
D) 227kg
E) 349kg
Answer: C
Var:1
13) Twopeoplearetalkingatadistanceof3.0mfromwhereyouareandyoumeasurethesound
intensityas1.110
-7
W/m
2
.Anotherstudentis4.0mawayfromthetalkers.Whatsound
intensitydoestheotherstudentmeasure?Assumethatthesoundspreadsoutuniformlyand
undergoesnosignificantreflectionsorabsorption.
A) 6.210
-8
W/m
2
B) 1.510
-7
W/m
2
C) 8.310
-8
W/m
2
D) 7.810
-7
W/m
2
E) 2.510
-8
W/m
2
Answer: A
Var:1
14) Calculatethelightintensity1.51 mfromalightbulbthatemits100Wofvisiblelight,assuming
thatthelightradiatesuniformlyinalldirections.
A) 3.49W/m
2
B) 4.01W/m
2
C) 43.9W/m
2
D) 50.5W/m
2
Answer: A
Var:50+
15) Theintensityofsunlightfallingontheearthisabout1.4kW/m
2
(beforeanygetsabsorbedby
ouratmosphere).Atwhatratedoesthesunemitlightenergy?(Theearth-sundistance=1.5
10
8
kmandtheearthsradius=6.410
3
km.)
A) 4.010
26
W
B) 3.210
22
W
C) 7.210
14
W
D) 7.610
8
W
Answer: A
Var:1
16) ObserverAis3.0mfromatinylightbulbandobserver B is12.0mfromthesamebulb.
Assumethatthelightspreadsoutuniformlyandundergoesnosignificantreflectionsor
absorption.IfobserverBseesalightofintensityI,thelightintensitythatAseesis
A) I.
B) 9I.
C) 16I.
D) 36I.
E) 144I.
Answer: C
Var:1
17) Atinyvibratingsourcesendswavesuniformlyinalldirections.Anareaof3.25cm
2
ona
sphereofradius2.50mcenteredonthesourcereceivesenergyatarateof4.20J/s.
(a)Whatistheintensityofthewavesat2.50mfromthesourceandat10.0mfromthesource?
(b)Atwhatrateisenergyleavingthevibratingsourceofthewaves?
Answer: (a)12,900W/m
2
(at2.50m),808W/m
2
(at10.0m)
(b)1.0110
6
W
Var:1
18) Acertainsourceofsoundwavesradiatesuniformlyinalldirections.Atadistanceof 20 m
fromthesourcetheintensitylevelis51db.Whatisthetotalacousticpoweroutputofthe
source,inwatts?(Note:ThereferenceintensityI
0
is1.010
-12
W/m
2
.)
Answer: 6.310
-4
W
Var:50+
19) Ahowlermonkeyistheloudestlandanimaland,undersomecircumstances,canbeheardup
toadistanceof5.0km.Assumetheacousticoutputofahowlertobeuniforminalldirections
andthatthethresholdofhearingis1.0 10
-12
W/m
2
.Theacousticpoweremittedbythe
howlerisclosestto
A) 0.31mW.
B) 0.11mW.
C) 1.1mW.
D) 3.2mW.
E) 11mW.
Answer: A
Var:1
20) Thehowlermonkeyistheloudestlandanimaland,undersomecircumstances,canbeheard
uptoadistanceof8.9km.Assumetheacousticoutputofahowlertobeuniforminall
directionsandthatthethresholdofhearingis1.0 10
-12
W/m
2
.Ajuvenilehowlermonkey
hasanacousticoutputof63W.Whatistheratiooftheacousticintensityproducedbythe
juvenilehowlertothereferenceintensityI
0
,atadistanceof210m?
A) 110
B) 230
C) 76
D) 170
E) 300
Answer: A
Var:50+
21) Anenclosedchamberwithsoundabsorbingwallshasa2.0m 1.0mopeningforanoutside
window.Aloudspeakerislocatedoutdoors,,78mawayandfacingthewindow. Theintensity
levelofthesoundenteringthewindowspacefromtheloudspeakeris79dB.Assumethe
acousticoutputoftheloudspeakerisuniforminalldirectionsandthattheacousticenergy
incidentuponthegroundiscompletelyabsorbedandthereforeisnotreflectedintothe
window.Thethresholdofhearingis1.0 10
-12
W/m
2
.Theacousticpowerenteringthrough
thewindowspaceisclosestto
A) 160W.
B) 79W.
C) 320W.
D) 790W.
E) 1600W.
Answer: A
Var:50+
22) Anenclosedchamberwithsoundabsorbingwallshasa2.0m 1.0mopeningforanoutside
window.Aloudspeakerislocatedoutdoors,84mawayandfacingthewindow. Theintensity
levelofthesoundenteringthewindowspacefromtheloudspeakeris 56dB.Assumethe
acousticoutputoftheloudspeakerisuniforminalldirectionsandthatacousticenergy
incidentuponthegroundiscompletelyabsorbedandthereforeisnotreflectedintothe
window.Thethresholdofhearingis1.0 10
-12
W/m
2
.Theacousticpoweroutputofthe
loudspeakerisclosestto
A) 0.035W.
B) 0.070W.
C) 0.18W.
D) 0.35W.
E) 0.70W.
Answer: A
Var:50+
23) Asoundsourceemits20.0Wofacousticalpowerspreadequallyinalldirections.The
thresholdofhearingis1.010
-12
W/m
2
.Whatisthesoundintensitylevel30.0mfromthe
source?
A) 92.5dB
B) 81.5dB
C) 1.7710
-3
dB
D) 1.7710
-3
W
E) -27.5dB
Answer: A
Var:5
24) Thesoundlevelat1.0mfromacertaintalkingpersontalkingis60dB.Youaresurroundedby
fivesuchpeople,all1.0mfromyouandalltalkingequallyloudatthesametime.The
thresholdofhearingis1.010
-12
W/m
2
.Whatsoundlevelareyoubeingexposedto?Youcan
neglectanyabsorption,reflection,orinterferenceofthesound.Thethresholdofhearingis1.0
10
-12
W/m
2
.
A) 300dB
B) 60dB
C) 74dB
D) 67dB
E) 81dB
Answer: D
Var:1
25) Acertaincryingbabyemitssoundwithanintensityof8.0 10
-8
W/m
2
.Whatistheintensity
levelduetoasetoffivesuchcryingbabies,allcryingwiththesameintensity?Youcanneglect
anyabsorption,reflection,orinterferenceofthesound.Thelowestdetectableintensityis1.0
10
-12
W/m
2
.
A) 79dB
B) 69dB
C) 56dB
D) 49dB
E) 36dB
Answer: C
Var:1
26) TheintensitylevelofaSuper-Silentpowerlawnmoweratadistanceof1.0mis100dB.You
wakeuponemorningtofindthatfourofyourneighborsareallmowingtheirlawnsusing
identicalSuper-Silentmowers.Whentheyareeach20mfromyouropenbedroomwindow,
whatistheintensitylevelofthesoundinyourbedroom?Youcanneglectanyabsorption,
reflection,orinterferenceofthesound.Thelowestdetectableintensityis1.010
-12
W/m
2
.
A) 80dB
B) 104dB
C) 400dB
D) 50dB
E) 40dB
Answer: A
Var:1
27) Iftheintensitylevelatdistanced ofonetromboneis70dB,whatistheintensitylevelof76
identicaltrombones,allatdistance d?
A) 146dB
B) 89dB
C) 5320dB
D) 76dB
E) 82dB
Answer: B
Var:1
28) Atadistanceof2.00mfromapointsourceofsound,theintensitylevelis80.0dB.Whatwill
betheintensitylevelatadistanceof4.00mfromthissource?Thelowestdetectableintensityis
1.010
-12
W/m
2
.
A) 77.0dB
B) 74.0dB
C) 60.0dB
D) 40.0dB
E) 20.0dB
Answer: B
Var:1
29) Awomanisridingabicycleat18.0m/salongastraightroadthatrunsparalleltoandright
nexttosomerailroadtracks.Shehearsthewhistleofatrainthatisbehind.Thefrequency
emittedbythetrainis840Hz,butthefrequencythewomanhearsis778Hz.Takethespeedof
soundtobe340m/s.
(a)Whatisthespeedofthetrain,andisthetraintravelingawayfromortowardthebicycle?
(b)Whatfrequencyisheardbyastationaryobserverlocatedbetweenthetrainandthebicycle?
Answer: (a)7.67m/s,awayfromthebicycle(b)821Hz
Var:1
30) Afactorysirenindicatingtheendofashifthasafrequencyof90.0Hz.Thespeedofsoundis
343m/s.
(a)Whatfrequencyisperceivedbytheoccupantofacartravelingtowardsthefactoryat25.0
m/s?
(b)Whatfrequencyisperceivedbytheoccupantofacartravelingawayfromthefactoryat
30.0m/s?
Answer: (a)96.6Hz(b)82.1Hz
Var:1
31) Asyoustandbythesideoftheroad,acarapproachesyouataconstantspeed,soundingits
horn,andyouhearafrequencyof80.0Hz.Afterthecargoesby,youhearafrequencyof60.0
Hz.Whatisthespeedofthecar?Thespeedofsoundintheairis343m/s.
A) 64.0m/s
B) 49.0m/s
C) 16.0m/s
D) 36.0m/s
E) 25.0m/s
Answer: B
Var:1
32) Aboyonabicycleapproachesabrickwallashesoundshishornatafrequency400.00Hz.
Thesoundhehearsreflectedbackfromthewallisatafrequency408.00Hz.Atwhatisthe
speedistheboyridinghisbicycletowardthewall?Assumethespeedofsoundinairis340
m/s.
A) 3.68m/s
B) 333m/s
C) 6.67m/s
D) 6.80m/s
E) 3.37m/s
Answer: E
Var:1
33) Youaredrivingalongahighwayat35.0m/swhenyouhearthesirenofapolicecar
approachingyoufrombehindandyouperceivethefrequencyas1370Hz.Youarerelieved
thatheisinpursuitofadifferentspeederwhenhecontinuespastyou,butnowyouperceive
thefrequencyas1330Hz.Whatisthespeedofthepolicecar?Thespeedofsoundinairis343
m/s.
A) 38.4m/s
B) 30.0m/s
C) 39.2m/s
D) 40.0m/s
E) 41.7m/s
Answer: D
Var:5
34) Youaredrivingalongahighwayat35.0m/swhenyouhearthesirenofapolicecar
approachingyoufrombehindandyouperceivethefrequencyas1310Hz.Youarerelieved
thatheisinpursuitofadifferentspeederwhenhecontinuespastyou,butnowyouperceive
thefrequencyas1240Hz.Whatisthefrequencyofthesireninthepolicecar?Thespeedof
soundinairis343m/s.
A) 1300Hz
B) 1320Hz
C) 1270Hz
D) 1360Hz
E) 1370Hz
Answer: C
Var:5
35) Acarouselthatis5.00minradiushasapairof600-Hzsirensmountedonpostsatopposite
endsofadiameter.Thecarouselrotateswithanangularvelocityof0.800rad/s.Astationary
listenerislocatedatadistancefromthecarousel.Thespeedofsoundis350m/s.Thelongest
wavelengthreachingthelistenerfromthesirensisclosestto
A) 57.0cm.
B) 57.7cm.
C) 58.3cm.
D) 59.0cm.
E) 59.6cm.
Answer: D
Var:1
Chapter21 Superpositions
1) Awavepulsetravelingtotherightalongathincordreachesadiscontinuitywheretherope
becomesthinnerandlighter.Whatistheorientationofthereflectedandtransmittedpulses?
A) Bothpulsesarerightsideup.
B) Thereflectedpulsereturnsrightsideupwhilethetransmittedpulseisinverted.
C) Thereflectedpulsereturnsinvertedwhilethetransmittedpulseisrightsideup.
D) Bothpulsesareinverted.
Answer: A
Var:1
2) Awavepulsetravelingtotherightalongathincordreachesadiscontinuitywheretherope
becomesthickerandheavier.Whatistheorientationofthereflectedandtransmittedpulses?
A) Bothpulsesarerightsideup.
B) Thereflectedpulsereturnsrightsideupwhilethetransmittedpulseisinverted.
C) Thereflectedpulsereturnsinvertedwhilethetransmittedpulseisrightsideup.
D) Bothpulsesareinverted.
Answer: C
Var:1
3) Aguitarstringisfixedatbothends.Ifyoutightenittoincreaseitstension
A) thefrequenciesofitsvibrationalmodeswillincreasebutitswavelengthswillnotbe
affected.
B) thewavelengthincreasesbutthefrequencyisnotaffected.
C) boththefrequencyandthewavelengthincrease.
Answer: A
Var:1
4) Atubeopenatoneendandclosedattheotherendproducessoundhavingafundamental
frequencyof350Hz.Ifyounowopentheclosedend,thefundamentalfrequencybecomes
A) 87.5Hz.
B) 175Hz.
C) 350Hz.
D) 700Hz.
E) 1400Hz.
Answer: B
Var:1
Chapter21:Superpositions
5) Considerthewavesonavibratingguitarstringandthesoundwavestheguitarproducesin
thesurroundingair.Thestringwavesandthesoundwavesmusthavethesame
A) wavelength.
B) velocity.
C) frequency.
D) amplitude.
E) Morethanoneoftheaboveistrue.
Answer: C
Var:1
6) Whatcharacteristicofsounddeterminesthepitchofamusicalnote?
A) amplitude
B) wavelength
C) frequency
D) phase
E) intensity
Answer: C
Var:1
7) Apipethatis120cmlongresonatestoproducesoundofwavelengths480cm,160cm,and96
cmbutdoesnotresonateatanywavelengthslongerthanthese.Thispipeis
A) openatbothends.
B) openatoneendandclosedattheotherend.
C) closedatbothends.
D) Wecannottellbecausewedonotknowthefrequencyofthesound.
Answer: B
Var:1
8) ConsiderapipeoflengthLthatisopenatbothends.Whatarethewavelengthsofthethree
lowestpitchtonesproducedbythispipe?
A) 4L,2L,L
B) 2L,L,L/2
C) 2L,L,2L/3
D) 4L,4L/3,4L/5
E) 2L,L,L/2
Answer: C
Var:1
9) Thelowestpitchtonetoresonateinapipeoflength L thatisopenatbothendsis200Hz.
WhichoneofthefollowingfrequencieswillNOTresonateinthesamepipe?
A) 400Hz
B) 600Hz
C) 800Hz
D) 900Hz
E) 1000Hz
Answer: D
Var:1
10) Inaresonatingpipethatisopenatbothends,there
A) aredisplacementnodesateachend.
B) aredisplacementantinodesateachend.
C) isadisplacementnodeatoneendandadisplacementantinodeattheotherend.
D) Noneoftheabovearepossible.
Answer: B
Var:1
11) Inaresonatingpipethatisopenatoneendandclosedattheotherend,there
A) aredisplacementnodesateachend.
B) aredisplacementantinodesateachend.
C) isadisplacementnodeattheopenendandadisplacementantinodeattheclosedend.
D) isadisplacementnodeattheclosedendandadisplacementantinodeattheopenend.
Answer: D
Var:1
12) Thelowestpitchtonetoresonateinapipeoflength L thatisclosedatoneendandopenatthe
otherendis200Hz.WhichoneofthefollowingfrequencieswillNOTresonateinthesame
pipe?
A) 400Hz
B) 600Hz
C) 1000Hz
D) 1400Hz
E) 1800Hz
Answer: A
Var:1
13) Twopuretonesaresoundedtogetherandaparticularbeatfrequencyisheard.Whathappens
tothebeatfrequencyifthefrequencyofoneofthetonesisincreased?
A) Itincreases.
B) Itdecreases.
C) Itdoesnotchange.
D) Itbecomeszero.
E) Wecannottellfromtheinformationgiven.
Answer: E
Var:1
21.2 Problems
1) A2.00-mlongpianowirewithamassperunitlengthof12.0g/misunderatensionof8.00
kN.Whatisthefrequencyofthefundamentalmodeofvibrationofthiswire?
A) 204Hz
B) 102Hz
C) 408Hz
D) 510Hz
E) 153Hz
Answer: A
Var:1
2) Aplatinumwirethatis1.20mlonghasaradiusof0.500mmandisfixedatbothends.Inits
thirdharmonicitvibratesat512Hz.Thedensityofplatinumis21.4 10
3
kg/m
3
.Whatisthe
tensioninthewire?
A) 4.00kN
B) 2.00kN
C) 2.82kN
D) 1.41kN
E) 1.00kN
Answer: C
Var:1
3) Athintautstringisfixedatbothendsandstretchedalongthehorizontal x-axiswithitsleft
endatx=0.ItisvibratinginitsthirdOVERTONE,andtheequationforthevertical
displacementofanypointonthestringisy(x,t)=(1.22cm)sin[(14.4m
-1
)x]cos[(166rad/s)t].
(a)Whatarethefrequencyandwavelengthofthefundamentalmodeofthisstring?
(b)Howlongisthestring?
(c)Howfastdowavestravelonthisstring?
Answer: (a)6.60Hz,1.75m(b)0.873m(c)11.5m/s
Var:1
4) Athin2.00-mstringofmass50.0gisfixedatbothendsandunderatensionof70.0N.Ifitis
setintosmall-amplitudeoscillation,whatisthefrequencyofthefirstharmonicmode?
A) 6.61Hz
B) 13.2Hz
C) 26.5Hz
D) 52.9Hz
Answer: B
Var:1
5) Aguitarstring0.650mlonghasatensionof61.0Nandamassperunitlengthof3.00g/m.
(a)Whatisthespeedofwavesonthestringwhenitisplucked?
(b)Whatisthestringsfundamentalfrequencyofvibrationwhenplucked?
Answer: (a)143m/s(b)110Hz
Var:1
6) Astandingwaveisoscillatingat 690 Hzonastring,asshowninthefigure.Whatisthespeed
oftravelingwavesonthisstring?
A) 280m/s
B) 410m/s
C) 210m/s
D) 140m/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
7) A2.0-mstringisfixedatbothendsandtighteneduntilthewavespeedis 78m/s.Whatisthe
frequencyofthestandingwaveshowninthefigure?
A) 120Hz
B) 230Hz
C) 350Hz
D) 470Hz
Answer: A
Var:50+
8) A1.0-gstringthatis0.64mlongisfixedatbothendsandisundertension.Thisstring
producesa100-Hztonewhenitvibratesinthethirdharmonic. Thespeedofsoundinairis
344m/s.Thetensioninthestring,inisclosestto
A) 2.8N.
B) 2.3N.
C) 1.8N.
D) 3.4N.
E) 3.9N.
Answer: A
Var:50+
7.84mslater,havingreflectedoffthelowerend.Thespeedofsoundintheroomis344m/s,
andthestoneisheavyenoughtopreventthelowerendofthewirefrommoving.Ifthewireis
vibratinginitssecondovertone,whatisthefrequencyofthesounditwillproduce?
A) 128Hz
B) 191Hz
C) 255Hz
D) 383Hz
E) 765Hz
Answer: D
Var:1
7.84mslater,havingreflectedoffthelowerend.Thespeedofsoundintheroomis344m/s,
andthestoneisheavyenoughtopreventthelowerendofthewirefrommoving.Ifthewireis
vibratinginitssecondovertone,whatisthewavelengthofthesounditwillproduce?
A) 0.217m
B) 0.433m
C) 0.650m
D) 0.899m
E) 1.35m
Answer: D
Var:1
11) Twoviolinistsaretryingtotunetheirinstrumentsinanorchestra.Oneisproducingthe
desiredfrequencyof440.0Hz.Theotherisproducingafrequencyof448.4Hz.Bywhat
percentageshouldtheout-of-tunemusicianchangethetensioninhisstringtobringhis
instrumentintotuneat440.0Hz?
A) +1.9%
B) 1.9%
C) +3.7%
D) 3.7%
E) +8.4%
Answer: D
Var:1
12) Standingwavesoffrequency57 Hzareproducedonastringthathasmassperunitlength
0.0160kg/m.Withwhattensionmustthestringbestretchedbetweentwosupportsifadjacent
nodesinthestandingwavearetobe0.71metersapart?
Answer: 100N
Var:50+
13) Thespeedofsoundintheairinsidea0.640-mlonggascolumnis340m/s.Whatisthe
fundamentalresonantfrequencyofthisaircolumnifitis
(a)openatoneendandclosedattheotherend?
(b)openatbothends?
Answer: (a)133Hz(b)266Hz
Var:1
14) A1.30-mlonggascolumnthatisopenatoneendandclosedattheotherendhasa
fundamentalresonantfrequency80.0Hz.Whatisthespeedofsoundinthisgas?
A) 104m/s
B) 61.5m/s
C) 26.0m/s
D) 246m/s
E) 416m/s
Answer: E
Var:5
15) Anaircolumn,openatoneendandclosedattheother,isbeingdesignedsothatitssecond
lowestresonantfrequencyis440Hz.Whatshouldbethelengthofthecolumnifthespeedof
soundinairis340m/s?
A) 0.386m
B) 0.772m
C) 1.16m
D) 0.193m
E) 0.580m
Answer: E
Var:1
16) Oneoftheharmonicsofacolumnofairopenatoneendandclosedattheotherhasa
frequencyof448Hzandthenexthigherharmonichasafrequencyof576Hz.Whatisthe
fundamentalfrequencyoftheaircolumn?
A) 32Hz
B) 64Hz
C) 88Hz
D) 128Hz
E) 256Hz
Answer: B
Var:1
17) Aviolinwithstringlength32cmandstringdensity 1.5 g/cm resonateswiththefirstovertone
froma2.0-mlongorganpipewithoneendclosedandtheotherendopen.Whatisthetension
inthestring?
A) 1000N
B) 110N
C) 450N
D) 4100N
E) 56N
Answer: A
Var:50+
18) 50)A0.25-mstring,vibratinginitssixthharmonic,excitesa0.96-mpipethatisopenatboth
endsintoitssecondovertoneresonance.Thespeedofsoundinairis345m/s.Thecommon
resonantfrequencyofthestringandthepipeisclosestto
A) 540Hz.
B) 360Hz.
C) 450Hz.
D) 630Hz.
E) 700Hz.
Answer: A
Var:1
19) Astring,0.28mlongandvibratinginitsthirdharmonic,excitesanopenpipethatis0.82m
longintoitssecondovertoneresonance.Thespeedofsoundinairis345m/s.Thespeedof
transversewavesonthestringisclosestto
A) 120m/s.
B) 110m/s.
C) 100m/s.
D) 98m/s.
E) 91m/s.
Answer: A
Var:1
20) Apipethatis0.46mlongandopenatbothendsvibratesinthesecondovertonewitha
frequencyof1150Hz.Inthissituation,thedistancefromthecenterofthepipetothenearest
antinodeisclosestto
A) 7.7cm.
B) 3.8cm.
C) 12cm.
D) 15cm.
E) zero.
Answer: A
Var:50+
21) Apipeis0.90mlongandisopenatoneendbutclosedattheotherend.Ifitresonateswitha
tonewhosewavelengthis0.72m,whatisthewavelengthofthenexthigherovertoneinthis
pipe?
A) 0.36m
B) 0.40m
C) 0.45m
D) 0.51m
E) 0.58m
Answer: D
Var:1
22) Anorganpipeopenatbothendshastwosuccessiveharmonicswithfrequenciesof210Hz
and240Hz.Whatisthelengthofthepipe?Thespeedofsoundis344m/sinair.
A) 5.25m
B) 5.73m
C) 2.76m
D) 4.90m
E) 3.62m
Answer: B
Var:1
23) Astring40.0cmlongofmass8.50gisfixedatbothendsandisunderatensionof425N.
WhenthisstringisvibratinginitsthirdOVERTONE,youobservethatitcausesanearbypipe,
openatbothends,toresonateinitsthirdHARMONIC.Thespeedofsoundintheroomis344
m/s.
(a)Howlongisthepipe?
(b)Whatisthefundamentalfrequencyofthepipe?
Answer: (a)0.730m(b)236Hz
Var:1
24) Thesoundfromasinglesourcecanreachpoint O bytwodifferentpaths.Onepathis20.0m
longandthesecondpathis21.0mlong.Thesounddestructivelyinterferesatpoint O.What
istheminimumfrequencyofthesourceifthespeedofsoundis340m/s?
A) 340Hz
B) 6800Hz
C) 520Hz
D) 680Hz
E) 170Hz
Answer: E
Var:1
25) Twoin-phaseloudspeakersthatemitsoundwiththesamefrequencyareplacedalongawall
andareseparatedbyadistanceof5.00m.Apersonisstanding12.0mawayfromthewall,
equidistantfromtheloudspeakers.Whenthepersonmoves1.00mparalleltothewall,she
experiencesdestructiveinterferenceforthefirsttime.Whatisthefrequencyofthesound?The
speedofsoundinairis343m/s.
A) 211Hz
B) 256Hz
C) 422Hz
D) 512Hz
E) 674Hz
Answer: C
Var:1
26) Twoin-phaseloudspeakersthatemitsoundwiththesamefrequencyareplacedalongawall
andareseparatedbyadistanceof8.00m.Apersonisstanding12.0mawayfromthewall,
equidistantfromtheloudspeakers.Whenthepersonmoves3.00mparalleltothewall,she
experiencesdestructiveinterferenceforthesecondtime.Whatisthefrequencyofthesound?
Thespeedofsoundintheroomis343m/s.CAREFUL!ThedistancetothewallisNOTmuch
greaterthanthedistancebetweenthespeakers.
A) 278Hz
B) 422Hz
C) 452Hz
D) 562Hz
E) 694Hz
Answer: A
Var:1
27) Twostereospeakersmounted4.52mapartonawallemitidenticalin-phasesoundwaves.
Youarestandingattheoppositewalloftheroomatapointdirectlybetweenthetwospeakers.
Youwalk2.11mparalleltothewall,toalocationwhereyoufirstnoticethatthesound
intensitydropstozero.Ifthewallalongwhichyouarewalkingis10.7mfromthewallwith
thespeakers,whatisthewavelengthofthesoundwaves?CAREFUL!Thedistancetothewall
isNOTmuchgreaterthanthedistancebetweenthespeakers.
A) 1.7m
B) 2.1m
C) 2.6m
D) 2.9m
Answer: A
Var:1
28) RadiostationKBOBbroadcastsatafrequencyof85.7MHzonyourdialusingradiowaves
thattravelat3.0010
8
m/s.Sincemostofthestationsaudienceisduesouthofthe
transmitter,themanagersofKBOBdontwanttowasteanyenergybroadcastingtotheeast
andwest.Theydecidetobuildtwotowers,transmittinginphaseatexactlythesame
frequency,alignedonaneast-westaxis.Forengineeringreasons,thetwotowersmustbeAT
LEAST10.0mapart.Whatistheshortestdistancebetweenthetowersthatwilleliminateall
broadcastpowertotheeastandwest?
Answer: 12.3m
Var:1
29) Twoloudspeakersplaced6.0mapartaredriveninphasebyanaudiooscillatorwhose
frequencyrangeis2193Hzto2967Hz.ApointPislocated4.4mfromoneloudspeakerand
3.6mfromtheother.Thespeedofsoundis344m/s.Thefrequencyproducedbytheoscillator,
forwhichconstructiveinterferenceofsoundoccursatpointP,isclosestto
A) 2580Hz.
B) 2903Hz.
C) 2473Hz.
D) 2795Hz.
E) 2688Hz.
Answer: A
Var:50+
30) Twoidenticalloudspeakersthatare5.00mapartandfacetowardeachotheraredrivenin
phasebythesameoscillatoratafrequencyof875Hz.Thespeedofsoundintheroomis344
m/s.Ifyoustartoutstandingmidwaybetweenthespeakers,findtheshortestdistanceyou
canwalktowardeitherspeakerinordertohearaminimumofsound.
A) 0.0983m
B) 0.197m
C) 0.295m
D) 0.393m
E) 0.590m
Answer: A
Var:1
31) Apersonishearingtwosoundwavessimultaneously.Onehasaperiodof1.50msandthe
otheroneaperiodof1.54ms.Whatistheperiodofthebeatduetothesetwowaves?
A) 0.040ms
B) 1.5ms
C) 3.0ms
D) 58ms
E) 330ms
Answer: D
Var:1
32) Twoharmonicsoundwavesreachanobserversimultaneously.Theobserverhearsthesound
intensityriseandfallwithatimeof0.200sbetweenthemaximumintensityandthe
succeedingminimumintensity.Whatisthedifferenceinfrequencyofthetwosoundwaves?
A) 10.0Hz
B) 0.200Hz
C) 5.00Hz
D) 2.50Hz
E) 1.25Hz
Answer: D
Var:1
33) Twomotorsinafactoryarerunningatslightlydifferentrates.Onerunsat825rpmandthe
otherat786rpm.Youhearthesoundintensityincreaseandthendecreaseperiodicallydueto
waveinterference.Howmuchtimeelapsesbetweensuccessivemaximaofthesound
intensity?
A) 1.5s
B) 1.4s
C) 1.7s
D) 1.8s
Answer: A
Var:1
34) Thetensionineachoftwostringsisadjustedsothatbothvibrateatexactly666Hz.The
tensioninoneofthestringsisthenincreasedslightly.Asaresult,sixbeatspersecondare
heardwhenbothstringsvibrate.Whatisthenewfrequencyofthestringthatwastightened?
A) 672Hz
B) 660Hz
C) 669Hz
D) 663Hz
Answer: A
Var:50+
35) Twostringsofidenticalmaterialandradiusarestretchedwiththesametensionwiththeir
endsfixed,butonestringis8.0mmlongerthantheother.Wavesonthesestringspropagateat
420m/s.Thefundamentalfrequencyofthelongerstringis528Hz.Whatisthebeatfrequency
wheneachstringisvibratingatitsfundamentalfrequency?
A) 22Hz
B) 11Hz
C) 16Hz
D) 5.5Hz
E) 27Hz
Answer: B
Var:1
36) Abatemitsasoundatafrequencyof30.0kHzasitapproachesawall.Thebatdetectsbeats
suchthatthefrequencyoftheechois900Hzhigherthanthefrequencythebatisemitting.The
speedofsoundinairis340m/s.Thespeedofthebatisclosestto
A) 20.0m/s.
B) 530m/s.
C) 10.0m/s.
D) 30.0m/s.
E) 5.02m/s.
Answer: E
Var:1
37) Twoin-phaseloudspeakersaresomedistanceapart.Theyemitsoundwithafrequencyof
1536Hz.Youmovebetweenthespeakers,alongthelinejoiningthem,ataconstantspeedof
2.8m/s.Whatbeatfrequencydoyouobserve?Thespeedofsoundintheroomis330m/s.
A) 13Hz
B) 431Hz
C) 26Hz
D) 4.7Hz
E) 118Hz
Answer: C
Var:1
38) Apolicemaninastationarycarmeasuresthespeedofapproachingcarsbymeansofan
ultrasonicdevicethatemitsasoundwithafrequencyof41.2kHz.Acarisapproachinghimat
aspeedof33.0m/s.Thewaveisreflectedbythecarandinterfereswiththeemittedsound
producingbeats.Whatisthefrequencyofthebeats?Thespeedofsoundinairis330m/s.
A) 9.2kHz
B) 4.1kHz
C) 4.6kHz
D) 1.2kHz
E) 8.2kHz
Answer: A
Var:1
39) Acarouselthatis5.00minradiushasapairof600-Hzsirensmountedonpostsatopposite
endsofadiameter.Thecarouselrotateswithanangularvelocityof0.800rad/s.Astationary
listenerislocatedatadistancefromthecarousel.Thespeedofsoundis350m/s.The
maximumbeatfrequencyofthesirensatthepositionofthelistenerisclosestto
A) 6Hz.
B) 8Hz.
C) 10Hz.
D) 12Hz.
E) 14Hz.
Answer: E
Var:1
40) Lightoffrequency6.0010
14
Hzilluminatesasoapfilm(n=1.33)havingaironbothsidesof
it.Whenviewingthefilmbyreflectedlight,whatistheminimumthicknessofthefilmthat
willgiveaninterferencemaximumwhenthelightisincidentnormallyonit?(c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 24.0nm
B) 94.0nm
C) 188nm
D) 279nm
E) 376nm
Answer: B
Var:1
41) Athinlayerofoil(n=1.25)isontopofapuddleofwater(n = 1.33).Ifnormallyincident
500-nmlightisstronglyreflected,whatistheminimumnonzerothicknessoftheoillayer?
A) 200nm
B) 250nm
C) 100nm
D) 400nm
E) 150nm
Answer: A
Var:1
42) Whitelightisincidentnormallyonathinsoapfilmhavinganindexofrefractionof1.34.It
reflectswithaninterferencemaximumat684nmandaninterferenceminimumat570nmwith
nominimabetweenthosetwovalues.Thefilmhasaironbothsidesofit.Whatisthethickness
ofthesoapfilm?
A) 766nm
B) 627nm
C) 638nm
D) 894nm
E) 510nm
Answer: C
Var:1
43) Acoatingisbeingappliedtoreducethereflectivityofapaneofglasstolightwithafrequency
of5.7510
14
Hzthatisincidentnormallyonthepane.Ifthematerialhasanindexof
refractionof1.375andtheglasshasanindexofrefractionof1.537,whatistheminimum
thicknessthecoatingshouldhave?(c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 60.0nm
B) 94.9nm
C) 145nm
D) 65.2nm
E) 80.1nm
Answer: B
Var:1
44) Twoextremelyflatglassplates,10.0cmwide,touchatoneendbutareseparatedbyathin
wireattheotherend,formingawedge.Lightwithawavelengthof450nmshinesalmost
perpendicularlyontheglassandformsfringeswhichare1.80mmapart.Whatisthediameter
ofthewire?
A) 25.0m
B) 17.5m
C) 20.0m
D) 12.5m
E) 10.0m
Answer: D
Var:1
45) Apuddleofwaterhasathinfilmofgasolinefloatingonit.Abeamoflightisshining
perpendicularonthefilm.Ifthewavelengthoflightincidentonthefilmis560nmandthe
indicesofrefractionofgasolineandwaterare1.40and1.33,respectively,whatisthe
minimumthicknessofthefilmtoseeabrightreflection?
A) 100nm
B) 200nm
C) 300nm
D) 400nm
E) 500nm
Answer: A
Var:1
46) Apieceofglasshasathinfilmofgasolinefloatingonit.Abeamoflightisshining
perpendicularonthefilm.Ifthewavelengthoflightincidentonthefilmis560nmandthe
indicesofrefractionofgasolineandglassare1.40and1.50,respectively,whatistheminimum
nonzerothicknessofthefilmtoseeabrightreflection?
A) 500nm
B) 400nm
C) 300nm
D) 200nm
E) 100nm
Answer: D
Var:1
47) A360-nmthickoilfilmfloatsonthesurfaceofthewater.Theindicesofrefractionoftheoil
andthewaterare1.5and1.33,respectively.Thesurfaceoftheoilisilluminatedfromaboveat
normalincidencewithwhitelight.WhatTWOwavelengthsoflightinthe400-nmto800-nm
wavelengthbandaremoststronglyreflected?
A) 410nmand700nm
B) 430nmand720nm
C) 450nmand740nm
D) 470nmand760nm
E) 490nmand780nm
Answer: B
Var:1
48) Lightofwavelength425.0nminairfallsatnormalincidenceonanoilfilmthatis850.0nm
thick.Theoilisfloatingonawaterlayer15cmthick.Therefractiveindexofwateris1.33,and
thatoftheoilis1.40.Youwanttoaddoilsothatlightreflectedoffofthetopoftheoilfilmwill
becanceled.WhatistheminimumdistancethatyoushouldINCREASEtheoilfilm?
A) 60.7nm
B) 75.9nm
C) 106nm
D) 121nm
E) 152nm
Answer: A
Var:1
49) Twoopticallyflatglassplates,16.0cmlong,areincontactatoneendandseparatedby0.0200
mmattheotherend.Thespacebetweentheplatesisoccupiedbyoilwithindexofrefraction
1.45.Theindexofrefractionoftheglassplatesis1.55.Theplatesareilluminatedatnormal
incidencewithmonochromaticlight,andfringesareobserved.Ifthedarkfringesarespaced
2.00mmapart,whatisthewavelengthofthemonochromaticlight?
A) 425nm
B) 475nm
C) 525nm
D) 675nm
E) 725nm
Answer: E
Var:1
50) Lightisincidentnormallyfromairontoaliquidfilmthatisonaglassplate.Theliquidfilmis
164nmthick,andtheliquidhasindexofrefraction1.60.Theglasshasindexofrefractionn=
1.50.Calculatethelongestvisiblewavelength(asmeasuredinair)ofthelightforwhichthere
willbetotallydestructiveinterferencebetweentheraysreflectedfromthetopandbottom
surfacesofthefilm.(Assumethatthevisiblespectrumliesbetween400and700nm.)
Answer: 525nm
Var:50+
51) Asoapbubble,whenilluminatedwithlightoffrequency5.1110
14
Hz,appearstobe
especiallyreflective.Ifitissurroundedbyairandifitsindexofrefractionis1.35,whatisthe
thinnestthicknessthesoapfilmcanbe?(c=3.0010
8
m/s)
Answer: 109nm
Var:1
Chapter22 WaveOptics
1) Inadoubleslitexperiment,iftheslitseparationisincreased,whichofthefollowinghappens
totheinterferencepatternshownonthescreen?
A) Theminimagetclosertogether.
B) Themaximastayatthesameposition.
C) Theminimaandmaximastayatthesameposition.
D) Theminimastayatthesameposition.
E) Themaximagetfurtherapart.
Answer: A
Var:1
2) Inasingleslitdiffractionexperiment,thewidthoftheslitthroughwhichlightpassesis
reduced.Whathappenstothewidthofthecentralbrightfringe?
A) Itstaysthesame.
B) Itbecomesnarrower.
C) Itbecomeswider.
D) Itsbehaviordependsonthewavelengthofthelight.
Answer: C
Var:1
3) Asingleslitdiffractionpatternisformedonadistantscreen.Assumingtheanglesinvolved
aresmall,bywhatfactorwillthewidthofthecentralbrightspotonthescreenchangeifthe
slitwidthisdoubled?
A) Itwillbecuttoonequarteritsoriginalsize.
B) Itwillbecutinhalf.
C) Itwilldouble.
D) Itwillbecomefourtimesaslarge.
E) Itwillbecomeeighttimesaslarge.
Answer: B
Var:1
4) Alightbeamshinesthroughathinslitandilluminatesadistantscreen.Thecentralbright
fringeonthescreenis1.00cmwide,asmeasuredbetweenthedarkfringesthatborderiton
eitherside.Whichofthefollowingactionswoulddecreasethewidthofthecentralbright
fringe?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) increasethewavelengthofthelight
B) decreasethewavelengthofthelight
C) increasethewidthoftheslit
D) decreasethewidthoftheslit
E) puttheapparatusallunderwater
Answer: B,C,E
Var:1
22.2 Problems
1) Inthetwo-slitexperiment,monochromaticlightoffrequency5.00 10
14
Hzpassesthrougha
pairofslitsseparatedby2.2010
-5
m.(c=3.0010
8
m/s)
(a)Atwhatangleawayfromthecentralbrightspotdoesthethirdbrightfringepastthecentral
brightspotoccur?
(b)Atwhatangledoestheseconddarkfringeoccur?
Answer: (a)4.69 (b)2.34
Var:1
2) Lightfromamonochromaticsourceshinesthroughadoubleslitontoascreen5.00maway.
Theslitsare0.180mmapart.Thedarkbandsonthescreenaremeasuredtobe1.70cmapart.
Whatisthewavelengthoftheincidentlight?
A) 457nm
B) 306nm
C) 392nm
D) 612nm
E) 784nm
Answer: D
Var:1
3) Inatwo-slitexperiment,theslitseparationis3.0010
-5
m.Theinterferencepatternis
recordedonaflatscreen-likedetectorthatis2.00mawayfromtheslits.Iftheseventhbright
fringeonthedetectoris10.0cmawayfromthecentralfringe,whatisthewavelengthofthe
lightpassingthroughtheslits?
A) 100nm
B) 204nm
C) 214nm
D) 224nm
E) 234nm
Answer: C
Var:5
4) Lightofwavelength575nmpassesthroughadouble-slitandthethirdorderbrightfringeis
seenatanangleof6.5awayfromthecentralfringe.Whatistheseparationbetweenthe
doubleslits?
A) 5.0m
B) 10m
C) 15m
D) 20m
E) 25m
Answer: C
Var:1
Chapter22:WaveOptics
5) Inadoubleslitexperiment,iftheseparationbetweenthetwoslitsis0.050mmandthe
distancefromtheslitstoascreenis2.5m,findthespacingbetweenthefirst-orderand
second-orderbrightfringeswhencoherentlightofwavelength600nmilluminatestheslits.
A) 1.5cm
B) 3.0cm
C) 4.5cm
D) 6.0cm
E) 9.0cm
Answer: B
Var:1
6) Inadouble-slitexperiment,theslitseparationis2.0mm,andtwowavelengths,750nmand
900nm,illuminatetheslitssimultaneously.Ascreenisplaced2.0mfromtheslits.Atwhat
distancefromthecentralmaximumonthescreenwillabrightfringefromonepatternfirst
coincidewithabrightfringefromtheother?
A) 1.5mm
B) 3.0mm
C) 4.5mm
D) 6.0mm
E) 9.0mm
Answer: C
Var:1
7) Lightfroma600nmsourcegoesthroughtwoslits0.080mmapart.Whatistheangular
separationofthetwofirstordermaximaoccurringonascreen2.0mfromtheslits?
A) 0.15
B) 0.86
C) 0.015
D) 0.0075
E) 1.75
Answer: B
Var:1
8) Inadoubleslitexperiment,theslitseparationisconstructedtobeexactly4timesthe
wavelengthofthelightpassingthroughtheslits.Atwhatanglesfromthecenterofthe
patternwillthethirdbrightfringesonbothsidesofthecentralfringeoccur?
A) 48.6
B) 75.0
C) 67.5
D) 36.9
E) 43.0
Answer: A
Var:1
9) Adoubleslitilluminatedwithlightofwavelength588nmformsadiffractionpatternona
screen11.0cmaway.Theslitseparationis2464nm.Whatisthedistancebetweenthethird
andfourthbrightfringesawayfromthecentralfringe?
A) 23.9cm
B) 5.96cm
C) 5.59cm
D) 2.63cm
Answer: A
Var:1
10) Twosourcesoflightilluminateadoubleslitsimultaneously.Onehaswavelength 570nmand
thesecondhasanunknownwavelength.The m=5brightfringeoftheunknownwavelength
overlapsthem=4brightfringeofthelightof570nmwavelength.Whatistheunknown
wavelength?
A) 456nm
B) 326nm
C) 380nm
D) 713nm
Answer: A
Var:50+
11) Apairofnarrowslits,separatedby1.8mm,isilluminatedbyamonochromaticlightsource.
Lightwavesarriveatthetwoslitsinphase,andafringepatternisobservedonascreen4.8m
fromtheslits.Ifthereare5.0completebrightfringespercentimeteronthescreennearthe
centerofthepattern,whatisthewavelengthofthemonochromaticlight?
A) 550nm
B) 600nm
C) 650nm
D) 700nm
E) 750nm
Answer: E
Var:1
12) Atmost,howmanybrightfringescanbeformedoneachsideofthecentralbrightfringe(not
countingthecentralbrightfringe)whenlightof625nmfallsonadoubleslitwhosespacingis
1.9710
-6
m?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: C
Var:50+
13) Tworadioantennasare120mapartonanorth-southline,andtheyradiateinphaseata
frequencyof3.4MHz.Allradiomeasurementsaremadefarfromtheantennas.Ifthe
east-westreferencelinepassesmidwaybetweenthetwoantennas,whatisthesmallestangle
fromtheantennas,measurednorthofeast,atwhichconstructiveinterferenceoftworadio
wavesoccurs?(c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 43
B) 22
C) 68
D) 47
E) 30
Answer: D
Var:1
14) Twosmallforward-facingspeakersare2.50mapart.Theyarebothemitting,inphasewith
eachother,asoundoffrequency1100Hzinaroomwherethespeedofsoundis344m/s.A
womanisstandingoppositethemidpointbetweenthespeakersandisinitially35.0mfrom
themidpoint.Assheslowlywalksparalleltothelineconnectingthespeakers,atwhatangle
(relativetothecenterlinecomingoutwardfromthemidpointbetweenthespeakers)willshe
firsthearnosound?
A) 0.063
B) 3.6
C) 7.2
D) 1.8
E) 11
Answer: B
Var:1
15) Coherentmonochromaticlightofwavelength632.8nmpassesthroughapairofthinparallel
slits.Thefigureshowsthecentralportionofthepatternofbrightfringesviewedonascreen
1.40mbeyondtheslits.Whatisthedistancebetweenthetwoslits?
A) 0.0703mm
B) 0.141mm
C) 0.281mm
D) 0.562mm
E) 0.633mm
Answer: C
Var:1
16) Lightofwavelength519nmpassesthroughtwoslits.Intheinterferencepatternonascreen
4.6maway,adjacentbrightfringesareseparatedby5.2mminthegeneralvicinityofthe
centerofthepattern.Whatistheseparationofthetwoslits?
Answer: 0.46mm
Var:50+
17) Monochromaticlaserlightoffrequency5.2010
14
Hzisshownonapairofthinparallelslits,
andthepatternisviewedonascreen1.20maway.Thefifthbrightfringes(notcountingthe
centralfringe)occurat2.12cmoneithersideofthecentralbrightfringe.Theentireapparatus
isnowimmersedinatransparentliquid.Whentheexperimentisrepeated,thefifthbright
fringesnowoccurat1.43cmfromthecentralbrightfringe.(c=3.0010
8
m/s)
(a)Howfarapartaretheslits?
(b)Whatistheindexofrefractionoftheliquid?
Answer: (a)0.163mm(b)1.48
Var:1
18) Inadoubleslitexperiment,theintensityoflightatthecenterofthecentralbrightfringeis
measuredtobe6.2W/m
2
.Whatistheintensityhalfwaybetweenthecenterofthisfringeand
thefirstdarkband,assumingthatthesmall-angleapproximationisvalid?
A) 6.2W/m
2
B) 3.1W/m
2
C) 4.7W/m
2
D) 1.6W/m
2
E) 0.12W/m
2
Answer: B
Var:1
19) Lightpassesthroughapairofverythinparallelslits.Theresultinginterferencepatternis
viewedfarfromtheslitsatvariousanglesrelativetothecenterlinecomingoutwardfromthe
midpointbetweentheslits.Thecentralbrightfringeisat=0.Ifthecentralbrightfringehas
intensityI
0
,whatistheintensityofthenextbrightfringeoneithersideofit?
A) I
0
B) I
0/
2
C) I
0
/2
D) I
0
cos15
E) I
0
cos
2
15
Answer: A
Var:1
20) Lightofwavelength525nmpassesthroughtwoslitsseparatedby0.500mmandproducesan
interferencepatternonascreen7.80maway.Theintensityatthecentralmaximumis I
0
.What
isthedistanceonthescreenfromthecenterofthiscentralmaximumtothepointwherethe
intensityduetodouble-slitinterferencehasfallento1/2I
0?
Answer: 2.05mm
Var:1
21) Asingleslitformsadiffractionpattern,withthefirstminimumatanangleof40.0from
centralmaximum,whenmonochromaticlightof630-nmwavelengthisused.Thesameslit,
illuminatedbyanewmonochromaticlightsource,producesadiffractionpatternwiththe
secondminimumata60.0anglefromthecentralmaximum.Whatisthewavelengthofthis
newlight?
A) 425nm
B) 450nm
C) 475nm
D) 500nm
E) 525nm
Answer: A
Var:33
22) Asingleslitformsadiffractionpattern,withthefirstminimumatanangleof40.0from
centralmaximum,usingmonochromaticlightof490-nmwavelength.Whatisthewidthofthe
slit?
A) 762nm
B) 731nm
C) 700nm
D) 668nm
E) 637nm
Answer: A
Var:33
23) Aslitofwidth0.010mmhaslightoffrequency5.0 10
14
Hzpassingthroughitontoascreen
60cmaway.Howwideisthecentralmaximum?(c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 0.12cm
B) 7.2cm
C) 1.8cm
D) 3.6cm
E) 0.90cm
Answer: B
Var:1
24) Asingleslit,whichis0.050mmwide,isilluminatedbylightof550nmwavelength.Whatis
theangularseparationbetweenthefirsttwominimaoneithersideofthecentralmaximum?
A) 0.36
B) 0.47
C) 0.54
D) 0.63
E) 0.73
Answer: D
Var:1
25) Lightofwavelength687nmisincidentonasingleslit0.75mmwide.Atwhatdistancefrom
theslitshouldascreenbeplacediftheseconddarkfringeinthediffractionpatternistobe1.7
mmfromthecenterofthediffractionpattern?
A) 0.39m
B) 0.47m
C) 0.93m
D) 1.1m
E) 1.9m
Answer: C
Var:1
26) Ifthefifthorderminimuminthediffractionpatternduetoathinslitisat40fromthecentral
maximum,atwhatangledoesthefirstorderminimumoccur?
A) 8.0
B) 3.4
C) 4.0
D) 7.4
E) 1.7
Answer: D
Var:1
27) Ifthefifthorderminimuminthediffractionpatternofathinslitisat40fromthecentral
maximum,whatisthehighestorderminimuminthepattern?
A) 6
B) 11
C) 8
D) 7
E) 9
Answer: D
Var:1
28) Asingleslitilluminatedwitha500nmlightgivesadiffractionpatternonafarscreen.The5
th
minimumoccursat7.00awayfromthecentralmaximum.Atwhatangledoesthe18
th
minimumoccur?
A) 26.0
B) 1.94
C) 5.05
D) 0.44
Answer: A
Var:1
29) Asingleslitformsadiffractionpatternwithmonochromaticlight.The4thminimumofthe
patternoccursatanangleof35fromthecentralmaximum.Howmanybrightbandsareon
eachsideofthecentralmaximum?
A) 5
B) 4
C) 6
D) 7
E) 8
Answer: A
Var:50+
30) Alaserbeampassesthroughathinslit.Whenthepatternisviewedonascreen1.25mpastthe
slit,youobservethatthefifth-orderdarkfringesoccurat2.41cmfromthecentralbright
fringe.Theentireexperimentisnowperformedwithinaliquid,andyouobservethateachof
thefifth-orderdarkfringesis0.790cmclosertothecentralfringethanitwasinair.Whatis
theindexofrefractionofthisliquid?
A) 1.33
B) 1.40
C) 1.49
D) 1.62
E) 3.05
Answer: C
Var:1
31) Inthefigure,aslit0.30mmwideisilluminatedbylightofwavelength426nm.Adiffraction
patternisseenonascreen2.8mfromtheslit.Whatisthelineardistanceonthescreen
betweenthefirstdiffractionminimaoneithersideofthecentraldiffractionmaximum?
Answer: 8.0mm
Var:1
32) Whenmonochromaticlightilluminatesagratingwith7000linespercentimeter,itssecond
ordermaximumisat62.4.Whatisthewavelengthofthelight?
A) 336nm
B) 363nm
C) 452nm
D) 633nm
E) 752nm
Answer: D
Var:1
33) Monochromaticlightisincidentonagratingthatis75mmwideandruledwith50,000lines.
Thesecond-ordermaximumisseenat32.5.Whatisthewavelengthoftheincidentlight?
A) 202nm
B) 403nm
C) 452nm
D) 605nm
E) 806nm
Answer: B
Var:1
34) Inadiffractiongratingexperiment,lightof600nmwavelengthproducesafirst -order
maximum0.350mmfromthecentralmaximumonadistantscreen.Asecondmonochromatic
sourceproducesathird-ordermaximum0.870mmfromthecentralmaximumwhenitpasses
throughthesamediffractiongrating.Whatisthewavelengthofthelightfromthesecond
source?
A) 479nm
B) 497nm
C) 567nm
D) 749nm
E) 794nm
Answer: B
Var:1
35) Adiffractiongratinghas300linespermm.Iflightoffrequency4.76 10
14
Hzissentthrough
thisgrating,atwhatangledoesthefirstordermaximumoccur?(c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 56
B) 44
C) 22
D) 11
E) 28
Answer: D
Var:1
36) Adiffractiongratinghas300linespermm.Iflightofwavelength630nmissentthroughthis
grating,whatisthehighestordermaximumthatwillappear?
A) 8
B) 2
C) 6
D) 5
E) 5.3
Answer: D
Var:1
37) AHe-Nelaser,whichproduceslightofwavelength632.8nm,isusedtocalibrateadiffraction
grating.Ifthefirst-ordermaximumoccursat20.5fromthecentralspot,whatisthedistance
betweentheslitsofthegrating?
A) 0.905m
B) 1.81m
C) 2.20m
D) 3.62m
E) 4.52m
Answer: B
Var:1
38) Monochromaticlightofwavelength500nmisincidentnormallyonadiffractiongrating.If
thethird-ordermaximumofthediffractionpatternisobservedat32.0fromthecentralspot,
howmanyTOTALnumberofmaximacanbeseen?
A) 5
B) 7
C) 10
D) 11
E) 13
Answer: D
Var:1
39) Whatistheangularseparationofthetwosecond-orderspectrallineshavingwavelengths417
nmand388nmusingadiffractiongratinghaving456lines/mm?
A) 1.63
B) 1.52
C) 0.815
D) 3.26
Answer: A
Var:1
40) An18-mmwidediffractiongratinghasrulingsof880 linespermm.Monochromaticlightof
590nmwavelengthisincidentnormallyonthegrating.Whatisthelargestangle,measured
fromthecentralbrightspot,atwhichanintensitymaximumisformed?
A) 31
B) 29
C) 27
D) 25
E) 23
Answer: A
Var:50+
41) Adiffractiongratinghasrulingsof890lines/mm.Whenwhitelightisincidentnormallyonthe
grating,whatisthelongestwavelengththatformsanintensitymaximuminthefifthorder?
A) 225nm
B) 200nm
C) 250nm
D) 275nm
E) 300nm
Answer: A
Var:1
42) Ametallicsheethasalargenumberofslits,5.0mmwideand20cmapart,andisusedasa
diffractiongratingformicrowaves.Awideparallelbeamofmicrowavesisincidentnormally
onthesheet.Ifthemicrowavewavelengthis6.0cm,whatisthelargestangleawayfromthe
centralmaximumatwhichanintensitymaximumoccurs.
A) 64
B) 69
C) 74
D) 79
E) 84
Answer: A
Var:1
43) Ametallicsheethasalargenumberofslits,5.0mmwideand20cmapart,andisusedasa
diffractiongratingformicrowaves.Awideparallelbeamofmicrowavesisincidentnormally
onthesheet.Whatisthesmallestmicrowavefrequencyforwhichonlythecentralmaximum
occurs?(c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 0.50GHz
B) 0.70GHz
C) 1.0GHz
D) 1.5GHz
E) 2.0GHz
Answer: D
Var:1
44) Adiffractiongratinghas450linespermm.Whatisthehighestorder m thatcontainstheentire
visiblespectrumfrom400nmto700nm?
A) m=2
B) m=3
C) m=4
D) m=5
E) m=6
Answer: B
Var:1
45) Athinbeamoflaserlightofwavelength514nmpassesthroughadiffractiongratinghaving
3952lines/cm.Theresultingpatternisviewedonadistantcurvedscreenthatcanshowall
brightfringesuptoandincluding90.0fromthecentralspot.WhatistheTOTALnumberof
brightfringesthatwillshowuponthescreen?
A) 4
B) 5
C) 8
D) 9
E) 10
Answer: D
Var:1
46) Athinbeamoflaserlightofwavelength514nmpassesthroughadiffractiongratinghaving
3952lines/cm.Theresultingpatternisviewedonadistantcurvedscreenthatcanshowall
brightfringesuptoandincluding90.0fromthecentralspot.Iftheexperimentwere
performedwithalloftheapparatusunderwater(whichhasanindexofrefractionof1.33),
whatwouldbetheTOTALnumberofbrightspotsthatwouldshowuponthescreen?
A) 6
B) 7
C) 12
D) 13
E) 14
Answer: D
Var:1
47) Adiffractiongratingistobeusedtofindthewavelengthofthelightintheemissionspectrum
ofagas.Thegratingspacingisnotknown,butalighthavingaknownwavelengthof632.8nm
isdeflectedby43.2awayfromthecentralmaximuminthesecondorderbythisgrating.Light
ofthewavelengthtobemeasuredisdeflectedby48.2awayfromthecentralmaximuminthe
secondorder.Whatisthewavelengthofthislight?
Answer: 689nm
Var:50+
Chapter23 RayOptics
1) Arayoflightgoesfromonetransparentmaterialintoanother,asshowninthefigure.What
canyouconcludeabouttheindicesofrefractionofthesetwomaterials?
A) n
1
n
2
B) n
1
>n
2
C) n
1
=n
2
D) n
2
n
1
E) n
2
>n
1
Answer: B
Var:1
2) WhenlightgoesfromonematerialintoanothermaterialhavingaHIGHERindexofrefraction
A) itsspeed,wavelength,andfrequencyalldecrease.
B) itsspeedandwavelengthdecrease,butitsfrequencystaysthesame.
C) itsspeeddecreasesbutitswavelengthandfrequencybothincrease.
D) itsspeeddecreasesbutitsfrequencyandwavelengthstaythesame.
E) itsspeedincreases,itswavelengthdecreases,anditsfrequencystaysthesame.
Answer: B
Var:1
Chapter23:RayOptics
3) Arayoflightstrikesaboundarybetweentwotransparentmaterials,andthereisno
transmittedray,asshowninthefigure.Whatcanyouconcludeabouttheindicesofrefraction
ofthesetwomaterials?
A) n
1
n
2
B) n
1
>n
2
C) n
1
=n
2
D) n
2
n
1
E) n
2
>n
1
Answer: B
Var:1
4) Asyouwalkawayfromaverticalplanemirror,yourimageinthemirror
A) isalwaysthesameheight.
B) mayormaynotdecreaseinheight,dependingonwheretheobserverispositioned.
C) isalwaysarealimage,nomatterhowfaryouarefromthemirror.
D) changesfrombeingavirtualimagetoarealimageasyoupassthefocalpoint.
E) decreasesinheight.
Answer: A
Var:1
5) Supposeyouplaceyourfaceinfrontofaconcavemirror.Whichoneofthefollowing
statementsiscorrect?
A) Ifyoupositionyourselfbetweenthecenterofcurvatureandthefocalpointofthemirror,
youwillnotbeabletoseeasharpimageofyourface.
B) Nomatterwhereyouplaceyourself,arealimagewillbeformed.
C) Yourimagewillalwaysbeinverted.
D) Yourimagewillbediminishedinsize.
E) Noneofthesestatementsaretrue.
Answer: A
Var:1
6) WhichstatementsaretrueaboutaVIRTUALimage?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrect
choice.)
A) Itslocationcanbecalculated,butitcannotbevieweddirectlybyyoureyewithoutusing
auxiliarylenses.
B) Itcannotbephotographed.
C) Itcannotbeviewedonascreen.
D) Aplanemirroralwaysformsavirtualimage.
E) Aconcavelensalwaysformsavirtualimage.
Answer: C,D,E
Var:1
7) Aconvexlenshasfocallengthf.Ifanobjectislocatedextremelyfarfromthelens(atinfinity),
theimageformedislocatedwhatdistancefromthelens?
A) infinity
B) 2f
C) betweenfand2f
D) f
E) betweenthelensandf
Answer: D
Var:1
8) Aconvexlenshasafocallength f.Anobjectisplacedatadistancebetweenfand2fonaline
perpendiculartothecenterofthelens.Theimageformedislocatedatwhatdistancefromthe
lens?
A) 2f
B) betweenfand2f
C) f
D) betweenthelensandf
E) fartherthan2f
Answer: E
Var:1
9) Aconvexlenshasafocallength f.Anobjectisplacedbetweeninfinityand2ffromthelens
alongalineperpendiculartothecenterofthelens.Theimageislocatedatwhatdistancefrom
thelens?
A) fartherthan2f
B) 2f
C) betweenfand2f
D) f
E) betweenthelensandf
Answer: C
Var:1
Chapter23:RayOptics
10) Anobjectisplacedinfrontofalenswhichformsanimageoftheobject.
A) Ifthelensisconvex,theimagecannotbevirtual.
B) Iftheimageisreal,thenitisalsoinverted.
C) Iftheimageisreal,thenitisalsoupright.
D) Iftheimageisvirtual,thenitisalsoinverted.
E) Iftheimageisvirtual,thelensmustbeadiverginglens.
Answer: B
Var:1
23.2 Problems
1) Arayoflightpassesfromglassintoaliquid,asshowninthefigure.Whatisthespeedofthe
lightintheliquid?(c=3.0010
8
m/s)
Answer: 2.8110
8
m/s
Var:1
2) Lightstrikesa5.0-cmthicksheetofglassatanangleofincidenceinairof50.Thesheethas
parallelfacesandtheglasshasanindexofrefraction1.50.
(a)Whatistheangleofrefractionintheglass?
(b)Aftertravelingthroughtheglassthelightre-emergesintotheair.Whatisthefinalangleof
refractioninair?
(c)Asitleavestheglass,bywhatdistanceisthepathoftherayisdisplacedfromwhatitwas
beforeenteringtheglass?
Answer: (a)31(b)50(c)1.9cm
Var:1
3) LightinairisinitiallytravelingparalleltothefaceAC ofanequilateraltriangularprism,as
showninthefigure.Theprismismadeofglasswithanindexofrefractionof1.52.Ifthelight
doesnotstrikethefaceAC,whatistheanglebetweentherayasitleavestheprismatface BC
andthenormalinairatthatface?
A) 83
B) 19
C) 59
D) 27
E) 55
Answer: A
Var:1
4) Anoillayerthatis5.0cmthickisspreadsmoothlyandevenlyoverthesurfaceofwaterona
windlessday.Whatistheangleofrefractioninthewaterforarayoflightthathasanangleof
incidenceof45asitenterstheoilfromtheairabove?(Theindexofrefractionfortheoilis
1.15,andforwateritis1.33.)
A) 27
B) 32
C) 36
D) 39
E) 52
Answer: B
Var:1
Chapter23:RayOptics
5) Inthefigure,alaserpositionedonashipisusedtocommunicatewithasmalltwo-man
researchsubmarinerestingonthebottomofalake.Thelaserispositioned12mabovethe
surfaceofthewater,anditstrikesthewater20mfromthesideoftheship.Thewateris76m
deepandhasanindexofrefractionof1.33.Howfarhorizontallyisthesubmarinefromthe
sideoftheship?
A) 84.1m
B) 64.1m
C) 104m
D) 74.1m
E) 94.1m
Answer: A
Var:1
6) Atankholdsa1.44-mthicklayerofoilthatfloatsona0.96-mthicklayerofbrine.Bothliquids
areclearanddonotintermix.PointOisatthebottomofthetank,onaverticalaxis.The
indicesofrefractionoftheoilandthebrineare1.40and1.52,respectively.Arayoriginatingat
Ocrossesthebrine-oilinterfaceatapoint0.60mfromtheaxis.Theraycontinuesand
emergesintotheairabovetheoil.Whatistheanglethattherayintheairmakeswiththe
vertical?
A) 48
B) 51
C) 54
D) 57
E) 60
Answer: C
Var:1
7) Thespeedoflightinamaterialis0.50c. Whatisthecriticalangleofalightrayattheinterface
betweenthematerialandavacuum?
A) 30
B) 21
C) 24
D) 27
Answer: A
Var:31
8) Thecriticalangleinairforaparticulartypeofglassis39.0.Whatisthespeedoflightinthis
classglass?(c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 1.9710
8
m/s
B) 1.9410
8
m/s
C) 1.9110
8
m/s
D) 1.8910
8
m/s
E) 2.0010
8
m/s
Answer: D
Var:1
9) Whatisthecriticalangleforlighttravelingfromcrownglass(n = 1.52)intowater(n=1.33)?
A) 42
B) 48
C) 53
D) 57
E) 61
Answer: E
Var:1
10) Anopticfiberismadeofclearplasticwithindexofrefractionof1.50,surroundedbyair.For
whatanglesofincidencewilllightremainwithintheplasticfiber?
A) 21.1
B) <38.3
C) >38.3
D) <41.8
E) >41.8
Answer: E
Var:1
11) Anopticalfibermadeofglasswithanindexofrefraction1.50iscoatedwithaplasticwith
indexofrefraction1.30.Whatisthecriticalangleofthisfiberattheglass-plasticinterface?
A) 90.0
B) 41.8
C) 60.1
D) 50.2
E) 61.1
Answer: C
Var:1
Chapter23:RayOptics
12) Aglassplatewhoseindexofrefractionis1.56 isimmersedinaliquid.Thesurfaceoftheglass
isinclinedatanangleof42.0withthevertical.Ahorizontalrayintheglassisincidentonthe
interface.Whentheliquidisacertainalcohol,theincidentrayarrivesattheinterfaceatthe
criticalangle.Whatistheindexofrefractionofthealcohol?
A) 1.04
B) 1.02
C) 1.00
D) 0.984
E) 1.06
Answer: A
Var:50+
13) Atankholdsa1.44-mthicklayerofoilthatfloatsona0.96-mthicklayerofbrine.Bothliquids
areclearanddonotintermix.PointOisatthebottomofthetank,onaverticalaxis.The
indicesofrefractionoftheoilandthebrineare1.40and1.52,respectively.Arayoriginatingat
Oreachesthebrine-oilinterfaceatthecriticalangle.Whatisthedistanceofthispointfromthe
axis?
A) 1.5m
B) 1.7m
C) 1.9m
D) 2.1m
E) 2.3m
Answer: E
Var:1
14) Arayoflighttravelinginairstrikesthesurfaceofacertainplasticslabat63.0withrespectto
thenormalinair.Ittravelsintheplasticslabata 30.6anglewithrespecttothenormal.Find
thecriticalanglefortheplasticinair.
Answer: 34.8
Var:50+
15) Arayoflightconsistingofbluelight(wavelength480nm)andredlight(wavelength670nm)
isincidentonathickpieceofglassat80.Whatistheangularseparationbetweenthe
refractedredandrefractedbluebeamswhiletheyareintheglass?(Therespectiveindicesof
refractionforthebluelightandtheredlightare1.4636and1.4561.)
A) 0.27
B) 0.33
C) 0.36
D) 0.46
E) 0.54
Answer: A
Var:1
16) Abeamoflightoftwodifferentwavelengthsentersapaneofglass3.00mmthickatanangle
ofincidenceof56.Theindicesofrefractionforthetwodifferentcolorsare1.514and1.528.
Becauseofdispersion,thecoloredbeams,althoughparallel,areseparatedbyasmalldistance.
Howfarapartarethey?
A) 0.057mm
B) 0.0083mm
C) 0.025mm
D) 0.014mm
E) 0.0062mm
Answer: D
Var:1
17) Lightconsistingofamixtureofredandbluelightentersa40,70,70prismalongaline
paralleltothesideoppositethe40vertex.Theindexofrefractionoftheprismmaterialfor
bluelightis1.530,andforredlightitis1.525.Whatistheanglebetweenthetwoemerging
beamsoflight?
A) 0.5
B) 0.9
C) 0.1
D) 0.3
E) 0.7
Answer: D
Var:1
18) Howfarareyoufromyourimagewhenyoustand0.750minfrontofaverticalplanemirror?
A) 0.375m
B) 0.750m
C) 1.50m
D) 3.00m
Answer: C
Var:1
19) Aobjectis12cminfrontofaconcavesphericalmirror,andtheimageis3.0cminfrontofthe
mirror.Whatisthefocallengthofthemirror?
A) 0.25cm
B) 15cm
C) 4.0cm
D) 2.4cm
E) 1.3cm
Answer: D
Var:3
Chapter23:RayOptics
20) Aconcavesphericalmirrorwitharadiusof20cmcreatesarealimage30cmfromthemirror.
Howfaristheobjectfromthemirror?
A) 50cm
B) 20cm
C) 15cm
D) 7.5cm
E) 5.0cm
Answer: C
Var:1
21) Thesphericalsidemirroronacarisconvexandhasaradiusofcurvatureof25cm.Another
carisfollowing,20mbehindthemirror.Iftheheightofthecaris1.6m,howtallisitsimage?
A) 5.0cm
B) 2.0cm
C) 4.0cm
D) 3.0cm
E) 0.99cm
Answer: E
Var:1
22) Amansfaceis30cminfrontofaconcavesphericalshavingmirror.Iftheimageiserectand
1.5timesaslargeashisface,whatistheradiusofcurvatureofthemirror?
A) 40cm
B) 60cm
C) 100cm
D) 140cm
E) 180cm
Answer: E
Var:1
23) Aconvexsphericalmirrorwithafocallengthofmagnitude25cmhasa4.0 -cmtallflower
placed100cminfrontofit.Whatistheheightoftheimageoftheflower?
A) 0.80cm
B) 20cm
C) 4.0cm
D) 1.6cm
E) 8.0cm
Answer: A
Var:1
24) Anobject4.0cminheightisplaced8.0cminfrontofaconcavesphericalmirrorwithafocal
lengthof10.0cm.Whatisthepositionofitsimageinrelationtothemirror,andwhatarethe
characteristicsoftheimage?
A) 40.0cmontheothersideofmirror,real,6.0timesbigger
B) 10.0cmontheothersideofmirror,virtual,10.0timesbigger
C) 18.0cmonthesamesideofmirror,virtual,2.25timesbigger
D) 10.0cmonthesamesideofmirror,real,6.0timesbigger
E) 40.0cmontheothersideofmirror,virtual,5.0 timesbigger
Answer: E
Var:5
25) Theimageofaplantis4.0cmfromaconcavesphericalmirrorhavingaradiusofcurvatureof
10cm.Whereistheplantrelativetothemirror?
A) 2.2cminfrontofthemirror
B) 4.4cminfrontofthemirror
C) 9.0cminfrontofthemirror
D) 1.0cminfrontofthemirror
E) 20cminfrontofthemirror
Answer: A
Var:1
26) Aconvexsphericalmirrorwitharadiusof50cmhasa4.0cmtallobjectplaced100cminfront
ofit.Whatisthepositionoftheimagerelativetothemirror?
A) 20cmbehindthemirror
B) 25cmbehindthemirror
C) 100cminfrontofthemirror
D) 25cminfrontofthemirror
E) 20cminfrontofthemirror
Answer: A
Var:1
27) Anobject3.4mmtallisplaced25cmfromthevertexofaconvexsphericalmirror.Theradius
ofcurvatureofthemirrorhasamagnitudeof52cm.
(a)Howfaristheimagefromthevertexofthemirror?
(b)Whatistheheightoftheimage?
Answer: (a)13cm(b)1.7mm
Var:50+
28) Aswimmingpoolisfilledtoadepthof2.0m.Howdeepdoesthepoolappeartobefrom
abovethewater,whichhasanindexofrefractionof1.33?
A) 1.5m
B) 1.33m
C) 2.5m
D) 3.0m
E) 4.0cm
Answer: A
Var:1
29) Agoldfishbowlisspherical,8.0cminradius.Agoldfishisswimming3.0cmfromthewallof
thebowl.Wheredoesthefishappeartobetoanobserveroutside?Theindexofrefractionof
wateris1.33.Neglecttheeffectoftheglasswallofthebowl.
A) 3.3cminsidethebowl
B) 3.9cminsidethebowl
C) 2.5cminsidethebowl
D) 3.0cminsidethebowl
E) 1.7cminsidethebowl
Answer: C
Var:1
Chapter23:RayOptics
30) Afishappearstobe2.00mbelowthesurfaceofapondwhenviewedalmostdirectlyaboveby
afisherman.Whatistheactualdepthofthefish?(n
water
=1.33)
A) 2.66m
B) 0.67m
C) 1.5m
D) 0.38m
Answer: A
Var:9
31) Afishermaninastream39cmdeeplooksdownwardintothewaterandseesarockonthe
streambed.Howdeepdoesthestreamappeartothefisherman?Theindexofrefractionofthe
wateris1.33.
A) 29cm
B) 52cm
C) 33cm
D) 45cm
Answer: A
Var:44
32) Theleft-handendofaglassrodisgroundtoasphericalsurface.Theglasshasindexof
refraction1.50.Asmallobject4.00mmtallisplacedontheaxisoftherod,37.0cmtotheleftof
thevertexofthesphericalsurface.Theimageisformedintherod,50.0cmtotherightofthe
vertex.
(a)Whatisthemagnitudeoftheradiusofcurvatureofthesphericalsurfaceattheendofthe
rod?
(b)Whatistheheightoftheimage?
Answer: (a)8.8cm(b)3.60mm
Var:1
33) Inthefigure,thethinlensformsarealimageoftheobject94.0cmfromtheobject.Whatisthe
focallengthofthelens?
A) 22.0cm
B) 25.5cm
C) 27.5cm
D) 55.8cm
E) 86.0cm
Answer: A
Var:1
34) Inthefigure,theimageisviewedonascreenandis13.5mmtall.Whatisthefocallengthof
thelens?
A) +14.6cm
B) 14.6cm
C) +20.4cm
D) 89.3cm
E) +124cm
Answer: C
Var:1
35) Athinconverginglensisfoundtoformanimageofadistantbuilding24cmfromthelens.If
aninsectisnowplaced16cmfromthislens,howfarFROMTHEINSECTwillitsimagebe
formed?
A) 64cm
B) 72cm
C) 32cm
D) 96cm
E) 48cm
Answer: C
Var:1
36) Anobjectisplaced10cmfromaconvexlensoffocallength20cm.Whatisthelateral
magnificationoftheobject?
A) 0.50
B) 1.0
C) 1.5
D) 2.0
E) 2.5
Answer: D
Var:1
Chapter23:RayOptics
37) Itisdesiredtoprojecttheimageofanobjectfourtimesitsactualsizeusingalensoffocal
length20cm.Howfarfromthelensshouldtheobjectbeplaced?
A) 100cm
B) 80cm
C) 4.0cm
D) 25cm
E) 5.0cm
Answer: D
Var:1
38) Whenanobject1.15cmtallisplaced12cmfromalens,thelensproducesanuprightimageof
theobjectthatis5.75cmtall.Whatisthefocallengthofthelens?
A) 24cm
B) 18cm
C) 60cm
D) 15cm
E) 9.0cm
Answer: D
Var:1
39) A4.0-cmtallobjectisplaced60 cmawayfromaconverginglensoffocallength 30cm.What
arethenatureandlocationoftheimage?Theimageis
A) real,2.5cmtall,and30cmfromthelensonthesamesideastheobject.
B) virtual,2.5cmtall,and30 cmfromthelensonthesideoppositetheobject.
C) virtual,2.0cmtall,and15cmfromthelens onthesideoppositetheobject.
D) virtual,4.0cmtall,and60 cmfromthelensonthesamesideastheobject.
E) real,4.0cmtall,and60cmfromthelensonthesideoppositetheobject.
Answer: E
Var:5
40) A4.0-cmtallobjectisplaced50.0 cmfromadiverginglenshavingafocallengthofmagnitude
25.0cm.Whatarethenatureandlocationoftheimage?Theimageis
A) real,4.0cmtall,and20cm fromthelensonthesideoppositetheobject.
B) virtual,4.0cmtall,and20cm fromthelensonthesideoppositetheobject.
C) virtual,2.0cmtall,and10cm fromthelensonthesideoppositetheobject.
D) virtual,1.3cmtall,and16.7 cmfromthelensonthesamesideoftheobject.
E) real,1.3cmtall,and16.7 cmfromthelensonthesamesideoftheobject.
Answer: D
Var:5
41) Anobjectisplaced100cminfrontofalensoffocallength20cm.Asecondlensisplaced35
cmbeyondthefirst,thissecondlenshavingafocallengthof8.0cm.Iftheheightoftheobject
is6.0cm,whatistheheightofthefinalimage?
A) 1.5cm
B) 12cm
C) 9.0cm
D) 3.0cm
E) 6.0cm
Answer: E
Var:1
42) Anobject1.80cmtallisplaced100cminfrontofadiverginglenshavingafocallengthof
magnitude25cm.Aconverginglenswithafocallengthofmagnitude33.33cmisplaced30cm
pastthefirstlens.Whatisthelateralmagnificationofthissystemoflenses?
A) 2.5
B) -2.5
C) -0.40
D) 1.0
E) 0.40
Answer: C
Var:1
43) Anobject1.25cmtallisplaced100cminfrontofaconvexlenswithafocallengthof
magnitude50cm.Aconcavelenswithafocallengthofmagnitude20cmisplaced90cm
beyondthefirstlens.Whereisthefinalimagelocated?
A) 10cminfrontofthesecondlens
B) 20cmpastthesecondlens
C) 17cmpastthesecondlens
D) 10cmpastthesecondlens
E) 20cminfrontofthesecondlens
Answer: B
Var:1
44) Anobjectisplaced100cminfrontofadiverginglenswithafocallengthofmagnitude25cm.
Aconverginglenshavingafocallengthofmagnitude33.33cmisplaced30cmpastthefirst
lens.Whereisthefinalimageformed?
A) 30cmafterthesecondlens
B) 20cminfrontofthefirstlens
C) 3.0metersbeforethesecondlens
D) 100cmafterthesecondlens
E) 3.0cmbeforethesecondlens
Answer: D
Var:1
Chapter23:RayOptics
45) Anopticalsystemcomprisesinturn,fromlefttoright:anobserver,alensoffocallength +30
cm,anerectobject20mmhigh,andaconvexmirrorofradius80cm.Theobjectisbetweenthe
lensandthemirror,20cmfromthelensand50cmfromthemirror.Theobserverviewsthe
imagethatisformedfirstbyreflectionandthenbyrefraction.Whatisthepositionofthefinal
image,measuredfromthemirror?
A) 90cm
B) 102cm
C) 114cm
D) 126cm
E) 138cm
Answer: C
Var:1
46) Inthefigure,theradiusofcurvatureofthecurvedpartofthelensis24.0cm,andtherefractive
indexofthelensmaterialis1.750.Whatisthefocallengthofthelens?
A) +32.0cm
B) 32.0cm
C) 16.0cm
D) +13.8cm
E) 13.8cm
Answer: A
Var:1
47) Inthefigure,theradiusofcurvatureofthecurvedpartofthelensis35.0cm,andtherefractive
indexofthelensmaterialis1.620.Whatisthefocallengthofthelens?
A) +56.5cm
B) 56.5cm
C) +28.2cm
D) +21.6cm
E) 21.6cm
Answer: B
Var:1
48) Aconvex-concavethinlensismadewiththeradiusofcurvatureoftheconvexsurfacebeing
25.0cmandtheconcavesurface45.0cm.Iftheglassusedhasindexofrefraction1.500,whatis
thefocallengthofthislens?
A) -32.0cm
B) 32.0cm
C) 113cm
D) 67.5cm
E) -113cm
Answer: C
Var:1
49) Adouble-convexthinlensismadeofglasswithanindexofrefractionof1.52.Theradiiof
curvatureofthefacesofthelensare60cmand72cm.Whatisthefocallengthofthelens?
A) 70cm
B) 63cm
C) 75cm
D) 66cm
E) 58cm
Answer: B
Var:1
50) Alensismadewithafocallengthof-40cmusingamaterialwithindexofrefraction1.50.A
secondlensismadewiththeSAMEGEOMETRYasthefirstlens,butusingamaterialhaving
refractiveindexof2.00.Whatisthefocallengthofthesecondlens?
A) -40cm
B) -80cm
C) -53cm
D) -20cm
E) -30cm
Answer: D
Var:1
51) Adouble-concavelenshasequalradiiofcurvatureof15.1cm. Anobjectplaced14.2cm from
thelensformsavirtualimage5.29cmfromthelens.Whatistheindexofrefractionofthelens
material?
A) 1.90
B) 1.98
C) 1.82
D) 1.77
Answer: A
Var:50+
52) Athindoubleconvexlensistofocustheimageofanobjectontoascreensothattheimageis
life-sized.Thelenssurfaceshaveequalradiiofcurvatureof112cm,andtherefractiveindexof
thelensmaterialis1.500.
(a)Howfarfromthelensshouldthescreenbeplaced?
(b)Howfaristhescreenfromtheobject?
Answer: (a)224cm(b)448cm
Var:1
Chapter23:RayOptics
53) Acompoundlensismadebyjoiningtheplanesurfacesoftwothinplano-convexlensesof
differentglasses.Theradiusofcurvatureofeachconvexsurfaceis80cm.Theindicesof
refractionofthetwoglassesare1.50and1.60.Whatisthefocallengthofthecompoundlens?
A) 67
B) 69
C) 71
D) 73
E) 75
Answer: D
Var:1
Chapter24 OpticalInstruments
1) Whichoneofthefollowingisacharacteristicofacompoundmicroscope?
A) Theobjectiveisadiverginglens.
B) Theeyepieceisadiverginglens.
C) Thefinalimageisreal.
D) Theimageformedbytheobjectiveisvirtual.
E) Theimageformedbytheobjectiveisreal.
Answer: E
Var:1
2) Asimplerefractingtelescopeprovideslargemagnificationbyemploying
A) ashortfocallengthobjectiveandashortfocallengtheyepiece.
B) ashortfocallengthobjectiveandalongfocallengtheyepiece.
C) alongfocallengthobjectiveandashortfocallengtheyepiece.
D) alongfocallengthobjectiveandalongfocallengtheyepiece.
Answer: C
Var:1
3) Alensisdesignedtoworkinthevisible,nearinfrared,andnearultraviolet.Thebest
resolutionofthislensfromadiffractionstandpointis
A) thesameforallwavelengths.
B) inthenearultraviolet.
C) inthevisible.
D) inthenearinfrared.
E) indeterminate.
Answer: B
Var:1
4) Ifthediameterofaradardishisdoubled,whathappenstoitsresolvingpowerassumingthat
allotherfactorsremainunchanged?
A) Theresolvingpowerquadruples.
B) Theresolvingpowerdoubles.
C) Theresolvingpowerisreducedto1/2ofitsoriginalvalue.
D) Theresolvingpowerisreducedto1/4ofitsoriginalvalue.
E) Theresolvingpowerdoesnotchangeunlessthefocallengthchanges.
Answer: B
Var:1
Chapter24:OpticalInstruments
24.2 Problems
1) A35-mmcameraequippedwitha95 mmfocallengthlensisusedtophotographatreethatis
8.0mtall.A32mmhighimageofthetreeonthefilmisneeded.Therequireddistance,
betweenthetreeandthecameralens,totakethephotographisclosestto
A) 24m.
B) 25m.
C) 26m.
D) 27m.
E) 29m.
Answer: A
Var:50+
2) Ina35.0-mmsinglelensreflexcamera(SLR),thedistancefromthelenstothefilmisvariedin
ordertofocusonobjectsatvaryingdistances.Overwhatdistancerangemustalensof 55-mm
focallengthvaryifthecameraistobeabletofocusonobjectsrangingindistancefrominfinity
downto0.60mfromthecamera?
A) 5.55mm
B) 4.44mm
C) 16.7mm
D) 22.2mm
E) 7.77mm
Answer: A
Var:50+
3) Acameralenshasafocallengthof50.0mmandanaperturesettingof f/4.00.Whatisthe
aperturediameterofthislens?
A) 12.5mm
B) 10.1mm
C) 13.6mm
D) 14.2mm
E) 15.0mm
Answer: A
Var:1
4) Thefocallengthofathinlensis40mmanditsaperturediameteris10mm.Whatisthe
f-numberofthislens?
A) f/4.0
B) f/2.0
C) f/5.6
D) f/0.30
E) f/0.40
Answer: A
Var:1
5) Apersonseyelensis2.7cmawayfromtheretina.Thislenshasanearpointof25cmandafar
pointatinfinity.
(a)Whatmustthefocallengthofthislensbeinorderforanobjectplacedatthenearpointof
theeyetofocusontheretina?
(b)Whatmustthefocallengthofthislensbeinorderforanobjectplacedatthefarpointofthe
eyetofocusontheretina?
Answer: (a)2.4cm(b)2.7cm
Var:5
6) Whatisthefocallengthofthecorrectivecontactlensneededbyanearsightedpersonwhose
farpointis60cm?
A) 60cm
B) 30cm
C) +30cm
D) +60cm
E) +130cm
Answer: A
Var:1
7) Anearsightedpersonhasherdistantvisioncorrectedusinga-2.0-dioptercontactlens.Her
uncorrectednearpointis15cm.Whatishernearpointusingthislensifthelensis2.0cmfrom
theeye?
A) 17cm
B) 20cm
C) 13cm
D) 18cm
E) 15cm
Answer: B
Var:1
8) Thenearpointofapersonsuncorrectedeyesis125.0cmandthefarpointisatinfinity.What
isthefocallengthofacontactlensthatwillmovethenearpointto25.0cmfromthispersons
eyes?
A) -100cm
B) -31.3cm
C) 10.2cm
D) 20.8cm
E) 31.3cm
Answer: E
Var:1
9) Thenearpointofafarsightedpersonsuncorrectedeyesis80cm.Whatpowercontactlens
shouldbeusedtomovethenearpointto25cmfromthispersonseyes?
A) 2.8diopters
B) -2.8diopters
C) -4.0diopters
D) -4.2diopters
E) 4.2diopters
Answer: A
Var:1
10) Whatpowercontactlensmustbeusedtocorrectthevisionofanearsightedpersonwhosefar
pointis40cm?
A) 2.5diopters
B) 2.5diopters
C) 3.6diopters
D) 4.0diopters
E) 4.0diopters
Answer: B
Var:1
11) Whatistheuncorrectednearpointofapersonwhohasanearpointthatis25cmfromhiseyes
whenheiswearing3.33-dioptercontactlenses?
A) 1.5m
B) 0.50m
C) 1.9m
D) 0.75m
E) 0.60m
Answer: A
Var:1
12) Apersoncanreadthenewspaperwhenitisheldat60cmfromhiseyes.Whatshouldthefocal
lengthofhiscontactlensesbetoallowhimtoreadthenewspapercomfortablyatadistanceof
30cm?
A) 30cm
B) 30cm
C) 60cm
D) 60cm
E) 90cm
Answer: D
Var:1
13) Amanisnearsightedandcannotseethingsclearlybeyond 110fromhiseyes.Whatisthefocal
lengthofthecontactlensesthatwillenablehimtoseeverydistantobjectsclearly?
A) 50cm
B) -50cm
C) -110cm
D) 110cm
E) -30cm
Answer: C
Var:5
14) Anearsightedphysicistcannotseethingsclearlybeyond90cmfromhereyes.Whatisthe
powerofthecontactlensesthatwillenablehertoseeverydistantobjectsclearly?
A) 1.1diopters
B) 1.1diopters
C) 1.7diopters
D) 2.2diopters
E) 2.2diopters
Answer: B
Var:1
15) Asingerisfarsightedandcannotseeobjectsclearlythatarecloserthan 80.0cmfromhis
unaidedeye.Whatistherefractivepowerofthecontactlensesthatwillmovehisnearpointto
adistanceof25.0cmfromhiseye?
A) 2.75diopters
B) -2.75diopters
C) -4.72diopters
D) 4.72diopters
E) 7.00diopters
Answer: A
Var:5
16) Amyopic(nearsighted)dancerwearseyeglassesthatallowhimtohavecleardistantvision.
Thepowerofthelensesofhiseyeglassesis-3.00diopters.Withouteyeglasses,whatisthefar
pointofthedancer?
A) 0.33m
B) 0.25m
C) 0.17m
D) 0.42m
E) 0.50m
Answer: A
Var:12
17) Amachinistwithnormalvisionhasanearpointat25cm.Themachinistwearseyeglassesin
ordertodoclosework.Thepowerofthelensesis+1.75diopters.Withtheseeyeglasses,what
isthenearpointofthemachinist?
A) 17cm
B) 14cm
C) 10cm
D) 21cm
E) 24cm
Answer: A
Var:14
18) Apersonhavinganearpointof25cmandafarpointatinfinityusesaconverginglensoffocal
length5.0cmasamagnifyingglass.Whatisthemagnificationifthepersonseyeisrelaxed
(withtheimageathisfarpoint)?
Answer: 5.0x
Var:1
19) Amagnifyinglenshasafocallengthof10cm.Apersonhasanearpointof25cmandafar
pointatinfinity.Whatistheangularmagnificationofthelensforthatpersonwhentheireyes
arefocusedatinfinity?
Answer: 2.5x
Var:1
20) Whatisthefocallengthofamagnifyingglassthatproducesanangularmagnificationof7.0x
whenusedbyapersonwithanearpointat28cm?
A) 2.0cm
B) 3.0cm
C) 4.0cm
D) 5.0cm
E) 6.0cm
Answer: C
Var:1
21) Whatistheangularmagnificationofamagnifyingglassoffocallength4.0cmiftheimageis
tobeviewedbyarelaxedeye(imageatthefarpoint)havinganearpointof25cmandafar
pointatinfinity?
A) 2.0x
B) 3.0x
C) 3.6x
D) 4.0x
E) 6.3x
Answer: E
Var:1
22) Amagnifyingglassusesaconverginglenswitharefractivepowerof20diopters.Whatisthe
magnificationiftheimageistobeviewedbyarelaxedeye(imageatthefarpoint)havinga
nearpointof25cmandafarpointatinfinity?
A) 5.0x
B) 3.0x
C) 4.0x
D) 1.0x
E) 2.0x
Answer: A
Var:1
23) Thefocallengthsoftheobjectiveandtheeyepieceofamicroscopeare0.50cmand2.0cm,
respectively,andtheirseparationadjustedforminimumeyestrain(withthefinalimageatthe
viewersfarpoint)is6.0cm.Thenearpointofthepersonusingthemicroscopeis25cmand
thefarpointisinfinity.
(a)Ifthemicroscopeisfocusedonasmallobject,whatisthedistancebetweentheobjectand
theobjectivelens?
(b)Ifthemicroscopeisfocusedonasmallobject,whatisitsfinalmagnification?
Answer: (a)0.57cm(b) -100x
Var:1
24) Thedistancebetweentheobjectandtheeyepieceofacompoundmicroscopeis25.0cm.The
focallengthofitsobjectivelensis0.200cmandtheeyepiecehasafocallengthof2.60cm.A
personwithanearpointof25.0cmandafarpointatinfinityisusingthemicroscope.
(a)Whatistheangularmagnificationobtainableusingtheeyepiecealoneasamagnifyinglens
ifthefinalimageisatthepersonsfarpoint?
(b)Whatisthetotalmagnificationofthemicroscopewhenusedbythepersonofnormal
eyesight?
Answer: (a)9.62x(b)-1070x
Var:1
25) Thefocallengthsoftheobjectiveandeyepieceinacompoundmicroscopeare0.80cmand2.5
cm,respectively.Theimageformedbytheobjectiveis16cmfromitandthefinalimageis25
cmfromtheeye.Whatisthetotaloverallmagnificationofthemicroscope?
A) 19x
B) 11x
C) 2.0x
D) 100x
E) 200x
Answer: E
Var:1
26) Thefocallengthsoftheobjectiveandtheeyepieceinamicroscopeare0.29cmand2.50cm,
respectively.Anobjectisplacedat0.30cmfromtheobjectivelensandtheimageofthisobject
isviewedwiththeeyepieceadjustedforminimumeyestrain(withtheeyefocusedatthefar
point).Thenearpointofthepersonusingthemicroscopeis25cmandthefarpointisat
infinity.Whatisthefinaloverallmagnificationofthemicroscope?
A) 190x
B) 240x
C) 300x
D) 320x
E) 470x
Answer: C
Var:1
27) Thedistancebetweentheobjectandtheeyepieceofacompoundmicroscopeis18.0cm.The
focallengthofitsobjectivelensis0.80cmandtheeyepiecehasafocallengthof2.3cm.The
near-pointdistanceofthepersonusingthemicroscopeis25.0cm.Whatisthetotaloverall
magnificationofthemicroscope?
A) 120x
B) 184x
C) 200x
D) 360x
E) 480x
Answer: C
Var:1
28) Thefocallengthsoftheobjectiveandtheeyepieceinamicroscopeare0.290cmand2.50cm,
respectively.Anobjectisplaced0.300cmfromtheobjective.Theimageofthisobjectisviewed
withtheeyepieceadjustedforminimumeyestrain(imageatthefarpointoftheeye)fora
personwithnormalvision.Whatisthedistancebetweentheobjectiveandtheeyepiece?
A) 9.85cm
B) 10.1cm
C) 10.4cm
D) 11.2cm
E) 11.5cm
Answer: D
Var:1
29) Theobjectiveandtheeyepieceofamicroscopehavefocallengthsof4.00mmand25.0mm,
respectively.Theobjectiveproducesarealimage30timesthesizeoftheobject.Thefinal
imageisviewedatinfinity,andthenearpointofthemicroscopeuserisat25.0cm.Whatisthe
distancebetweentheobjectandthefocalpointoftheobjective?
A) 0.13mm
B) 0.18mm
C) 0.23mm
D) 0.28mm
E) 0.33mm
Answer: A
Var:1
30) Theeyepieceofacompoundmicroscopehasafocallengthof2.50cmandtheobjectivehasa
focallengthof1.60cm.Thetwolensesareseparatedby15.0cm.Themicroscopeisusedbya
personwithnormaleyes(nearpointat25cm).Whatistheangularmagnificationofthe
microscope?
A) 78x
B) 94x
C) 195x
D) 234x
E) 125x
Answer: A
Var:50+
31) Youhaveavailablelensesoffocallengths2.0cm,4.0cm,8.0cm,and16.0cm.
(a)Ifyouweretouseanytwooftheselensestobuildatelescope,whatisthemaximum
magnificationyoucouldachieve?
(b)Ifyouweretouseanytwooftheselensestobuildatelescope,whatisthelensseparation
forthemaximummagnificationtelescope?
Answer: (a)8.0x(b)18cm
Var:1
32) Theobjectivelensofarefractingtelescopehasafocallengthof60cmandtheeyepieceafocal
lengthof8.0cm.Whatistheangularmagnificationofthetelescope?
A) 34x
B) 480x
C) 68x
D) 0.13x
E) 7.5x
Answer: E
Var:1
33) Anastronomicaltelescopehasanobjectiveofdiameter20cmwithafocallengthof180cm.
Thetelescopeisusedwithaneyepieceoffocallength30mm.Whatistheangular
magnificationofthistelescope?
A) 360x
B) 60x
C) 540x
D) 6x
E) 180x
Answer: B
Var:1
34) Theangularmagnificationofarefractingtelescopeis40x.Whentheobjectandfinalimageare
bothatinfinity,thedistancebetweentheeyepieceandtheobjectiveis143.5cm.Thetelescope
isusedtoviewadistantradiotower.Therealimageofthetower,formedbytheobjective,is
6.0mminheight.Thefocalpointoftheeyepieceispositionedattherealimage.Whatisthe
focallengthoftheobjectivelens?
A) 137cm
B) 138cm
C) 139cm
D) 140cm
E) 141cm
Answer: D
Var:1
35) Theangularmagnificationofarefractingtelescopeis40x.Whentheobjectandfinalimageare
bothatinfinity,thedistancebetweentheeyepieceandtheobjectiveis143.5cm.Thetelescope
isusedtoviewadistantradiotower.Therealimageofthetower,formedbytheobjective,is
6.0mminheight.Thefocalpointoftheeyepieceispositionedattherealimage.Whatisthe
anglesubtendedbythefinalimageofthetower.
A) 0.15rad
B) 0.17rad
C) 0.19rad
D) 0.21rad
E) 0.23rad
Answer: B
Var:1
36) Theobjectiveandtheeyepieceofarefractingastronomicaltelescopehavefocallengthsof320
cmand4.0cm,respectively.ThetelescopeisusedtoviewNeptuneandthefinalimageisset
atinfinity.ThediameterofNeptuneis4.96 10
7
mandthedistancefromtheearthatthetime
ofobservationis4.410
12
m.Whatistheangle(inmrad)subtendedbythefinaltelescopic
imageofNeptune?
A) 0.90mrad
B) 1.1mrad
C) 1.3mrad
D) 1.5mrad
E) 1.7mrad
Answer: A
Var:1
37) Lightofwavelength500nmilluminatesaround0.50-mmdiameterhole.Ascreenisplaced
6.3mbehindtheslit.Whatisthediameterofthecentralbrightareaonthescreen?
A) 15mm
B) 270m
C) 7.7mm
D) 3800m
Answer: A
Var:50+
38) Lightofwavelength633nmfromaHe-Nelaserpassesthroughacircularapertureandis
observedonascreen4.0mbehindtheaperture.Thediameterofthecentralbrightareais5.4
cm.Whatisthediameteroftheaperture?
A) 110m
B) 2.0m
C) 6600m
D) 960m
Answer: A
Var:50+
39) Aradiotelescope200mindiameterisusedtoinvestigatesourcesemittinga21-cm
wavelengthwave.Whatistheminimumangularseparationofthesourcesthatcanberesolved
bythissystem?
A) 0.073
B) 0.030
C) 0.0013
D) 0.154
E) 0.0026
Answer: A
Var:1
40) Acertainastronomicaltelescopehasadiameterof5.60m.Consideringonlythelimitationdue
todiffraction,whatistheminimumangleofresolutionforthistelescopeatawavelengthof
620nm?
A) 0.111rad
B) 0.311rad
C) 0.270rad
D) 0.135rad
E) 0.405rad
Answer: D
Var:1
41) A10-inchtelescope(25.4cmindiameter)isusedtodetermineifwhatappearstobeonestaris
actuallytwostars.Starsaresofarawaythattheyareessentiallypointsources.Howclose(in
angle)canthetwostarsbeandstillberesolvedbythistelescopeifitisfocusinglightof
wavelengthof550nm?(Consideronlythelimitationduetodiffraction.)
A) 4.210
-8
degree
B) 2.610
-6
degree
C) 3.010
-4
degree
D) 1.510
-4
degree
E) 6.610
-8
degree
Answer: D
Var:1
42) Iftheheadlightsonacarareseparatedby1.3m,howfardowntheroadcantheyberesolved
iftheangularresolutionoftheeyeis5.0 10
-4
radandthepersonhasexcellentvision?
A) 1.3km
B) 5.0km
C) 4.8km
D) 0.65km
E) 2.6km
Answer: E
Var:1
43) Whatisthelimitingangleofresolutionfortheeyeifthepupildiameteroftheeyeis4.0mm,
thewavelengthofthelightis600nm,andindexofrefractionoftheliquidintheeyeis1.34?
A) 0.42mrad
B) 0.21mrad
C) 0.14mrad
D) 0.11mrad
E) 0.26mrad
Answer: C
Var:1
44) Acamerausedforaerialsurveillancehasalenswitha30-cmmaximumapertureanda42-cm
focallength.Assumelightof550-nmwavelengthisusedandthattheresolutionofthecamera
islimitedsolelybydiffraction.Whatistheangularresolutionofthecameraatmaximum
aperture?
A) 1.6rad
B) 2.2rad
C) 3.2rad
D) 4.5rad
E) 6.3rad
Answer: B
Var:1
45) Treateachofyoureyesasacircularapertureofdiameter3.5mm.Lightofwavelength500nm
isusedtoviewtwopointsourcesthatare894mdistantfromyou.Howfarapartmustthese
twopointsourcesbeiftheyaretobejustresolvedbyyoureye?Assumethattheresolutionis
diffractionlimitedanduseRayleighscriterion.
Answer: 16cm
Var:1
Chapter25 ElectricChargesandForces
1) XandYaretwounchargedmetalspheresoninsulatingstands,andareincontactwitheach
other.ApositivelychargedrodRisbroughtclosetoXasshowninFigure(a).
SphereYisnowmovedawayfromX,asinFigure(b).
WhatarethefinalchargestatesofXandY?
A) BothXandYareneutral.
B) XispositiveandYisneutral.
C) XisneutralandYispositive.
D) XisnegativeandYispositive.
E) BothXandYarenegative.
Answer: D
Var:1
2) Twoidenticalsmallchargedspheresareacertaindistanceapart,andeachoneinitially
experiencesanelectrostaticforceofmagnitudeFduetotheother.Withtime,chargegradually
leaksoffofbothspheres.Wheneachofthesphereshaslosthalfitsinitialcharge,the
magnitudeoftheelectrostaticforcewillbe
A) 1/16F.
B) 1/8F.
C) 1/4F.
D) 1/2F.
Answer: C
Var:1
Chapter25:ElectricChargesandForces
3) Whentwopointchargesareadistanced part,theelectricforcethateachonefeelsfromthe
otherhasmagnitudeF.Inordertomakethisforcetwiceasstrong,thedistancewouldhaveto
bechangedto
A) 2d.
B) 2d.
C) d/ 2
D) d/2.
E) d/4.
Answer: C
Var:1
4) ApointchargeQislocatedashortdistancefromapointcharge3Q,andnootherchargesare
present.IftheelectricalforceonQisF,whatistheelectricalforceon3Q?
A) F/3
B) F/ 3
C) F
D) 3F
E) 3F
Answer: C
Var:1
5) ApositivepointchargeQisfixedonaverylargehorizontalfrictionlesstabletop.Asecond
positivepointchargeqisreleasedfromrestnearthestationarychargeandisfreetomove.
Whichstatementbestdescribesthemotionof qafteritisreleased?
A) Itsspeedwillbegreatestjustafteritisreleased.
B) Itsaccelerationiszerojustafteritisreleased.
C) AsitmovesfartherandfartherfromQ,itsaccelerationwillkeepincreasing.
D) AsitmovesfartherandfartherfromQ,itsspeedwilldecrease.
E) AsitmovesfartherandfartherfromQ,itsspeedwillkeepincreasing.
Answer: E
Var:1
6) Oneverysmalluniformlychargedplasticballislocateddirectlyaboveanothersuchchargein
atesttubeasshowninthefigure.Theballsareinequilibriumadistance dapart.Ifthecharge
oneachballisdoubled,thedistancebetweentheballsinthetesttubewouldbecome
A) 2d.
B) 2d.
C) 4d.
D) 8d.
Answer: B
Var:1
25.2 Problems
1) Apieceofplastichasanetchargeof +2.00C.Howmanymoreprotonsthanelectronsdoes
thispieceofplastichave?(e=1.6010
-19
C)
A) 1.2510
13
B) 1.2510
19
C) 2.5010
13
D) 2.5010
19
Answer: A
Var:1
2) A1.0-Cpointchargeis15mfromasecondpointcharge,andtheelectricforceononeofthem
duetotheotheris1.0N.Whatisthemagnitudeofthesecondcharge?(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 25C
B) 1.0C
C) 10nC
D) 0.025C
E) 25nC
Answer: E
Var:1
3) Whentwopointchargesare2.0cmapart,eachoneexperiencesa1.0-Nelectricforcedueto
theothercharge.Iftheyaremovedtoanewseparationof8.0cm,theelectricforceoneachof
themisclosestto
A) 1.0N.
B) 4.0N.
C) 16N.
D) 0.25N.
E) 0.063N.
Answer: E
Var:1
4) Twoidenticalsmallconductingspheresareseparatedby0.60m.Thespherescarrydifferent
amountsofchargeandeachsphereexperiencesanattractiveelectricforceof10.8N.Thetotal
chargeonthetwospheresis24C.Thetwospheresarenowconnectedbyaslender
conductingwire,whichisthenremoved.Theelectricforceoneachsphereisclosestto
A) zero.
B) 3.6N,attractive.
C) 5.4N,attractive.
D) 3.6N,repulsive.
E) 5.4N,repulsive.
Answer: D
Var:1
5) Threepointchargesareplacedonthe x-axis.Achargeof+2.0Cisplacedattheorigin,2.0
Ctotherightatx=50cm,and+4.0Catthe100cmmark.Whatarethemagnitudeand
directionoftheelectrostaticforcethatactsonthechargeattheorigin?( k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
Answer: 0.072N,towardtheright
Var:1
6) ChargeQ
1
=6.0nCisat(0.30m,0),charge Q
2
= 1.0nCisat(0,0.10m),andchargeQ
3
= 5.0
nCisat(0,0).Whatarethemagnitudeanddirectionofthenetelectrostaticforceonthe
5.0-nCchargeduetotheothercharges?(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
Answer: 5.410
-6
N,56abovex-axis
Var:1
7) Inthefigure,chargeq
1
=3.110
-6
Cisplacedattheoriginandchargeq
2
=-8.710
-6
Cis
placedonthex-axis,atx=-0.20m.Wherealongthex-axiscanathirdchargeQ=-8.3Cbe
placedsuchthattheresultantforceonthisthirdchargeiszero?
Answer: 0.30m
Var:50+
8) Twosmallinsulatingspheresareattachedtosilkthreadsandalignedverticallyasshownin
thefigure.Thesesphereshaveequalmassesof40g,andcarrycharges q
1
andq
2
ofequal
magnitude2.0Cbutoppositesign.
Thespheresarebroughtintothepositionsshowninthe
figure,withaverticalseparationof15cmbetweenthem.Notethatyoucannotneglectgravity.
(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)Thetensioninthelowerthreadisclosestto
A) 1.2N.
B) 1.4N.
C) 1.6N.
D) 1.8N.
E) 2.0N.
Answer: A
Var:1
9) A+7.00Cpointchargeand-9.00 Cpointchargeareplacedalongthex-axisatx=0.000cm
andx=40.0cm,respectively.Wheremustathirdcharge,q,beplacedalongthex-axissothat
itdoesnotexperienceanynetelectricforceduetotheothertwocharges?
A) -0.200m
B) 2.99m
C) -0.187m
D) -2.99m
E) 0.187m
Answer: D
Var:5
10) Inthefigure,allthechargesarepointchargesandthechargeinthemiddleis Q=-3.1nC. For
whatchargeq
1
willchargeq
2
beinstaticequilibrium?
A) 12nC
B) 6.2nC
C) 3.1nC
D) 25nC
Answer: A
Var:50+
11) Thefigureshowstwotiny5.0-gspheressuspendedfromtwoverythin1.0-m-longthreads.
Thespheresrepeleachotherafterbeingchargedto+91nCandhangatrestasshown.Whatis
theangle?(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 4.1
B) 8.2
C) 12
D) 16
Answer: A
Var:50+
12) InthefigureQ=5.8nCandallotherquantitiesareaccurateto2significantfigures.Whatisthe
magnitudeoftheforceonthechargeQ?(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 1.810
-3
N
B) 1.010
-3
N
C) 9.010
-4
N
D) 1.210
-3
N
Answer: A
Var:50+
13) Thepointchargeatthebottomofthefigureis Q = +17 nC,andthecurveisacirculararc.What
isthemagnitudeoftheforceonthechargeQduetotheotherpointchargesshown?(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 1.910
-4
N
B) 1.210
-4
N
C) 1.610
-4
N
D) 2.310
-4
N
Answer: A
Var:25
14) Inthefigure,asmallsphericalinsulatorofmass6.00 10
-2
kgandcharge+0.400Cishung
byathinwireofnegligiblemass.Achargeof0.220Cisheld0.290mawayfromthesphere
anddirectlytotherightofit,sothewiremakesanangle withthevertical,asshown.Whatis
theangle?(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 0.917
B) 1.10
C) 1.30
D) 1.50
E) 1.70
Answer: A
Var:1
15) Anatomicnucleushasachargeof+40e.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldata
distanceof1.0mfromthecenterofthenucleus?(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
,e=1.60
10
-19
C)
A) 5.410
-8
N/C
B) 5.610
-8
N/C
C) 5.810
-8
N/C
D) 6.010
-8
N/C
E) 6.210
-8
N/C
Answer: C
Var:1
16) Asmallglassbeadhasbeenchargedto8.0 nC.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheelectricfield2.0
cmfromthecenterofthebead?(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 1.810
5
N/C
B) 3.610
3
N/C
C) 1.410
-3
N/C
D) 3.610
-6
N/C
Answer: A
Var:50+
17) Theelectricfield1.5cmfromaverysmallchargedobjectpointstowardtheobjectwitha
magnitudeof180,000N/C.Whatisthechargeontheobject?( k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
N
m
2
/C
2
)
A) -4.5nC
B) +4.5nC
C) -5.0nC
D) +5.0nC
Answer: A
Var:50+
18) Ametalsphereofradius10cmcarriesachargeof+2.0Cuniformlydistributedoverits
surface.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldduetothissphereatapoint5.0cmoutside
thespheressurface?(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 4.010
5
N/C
B) 8.010
5
N/C
C) 4.210
6
N/C
D) 4.010
7
N/C
E) 8.010
7
N/C
Answer: B
Var:1
19) Aprotonisplacedinanelectricfieldofintensity 700 N/C.Whatarethemagnitudeand
directionoftheaccelerationofthisprotonduetothisfield?(m
proton
=1.6710
-27
kg,e=1.60
10
-19
C)
A) 6.7110
9
m/s
2
oppositetotheelectricfield
B) 6.7110
10
m/s
2
C) 6.7110
10
m/s
2
inthedirectionoftheelectricfield
D) 67.110
10
m/s
2
E) 67.110
10
m/s
2
inthedirectionoftheelectricfield
Answer: C
Var:5
20) Asmallspherewithamassof441gismovingupwardalongthevertical +y-axiswhenit
encountersanelectricfieldof5.00N/Ci
^
.If,duetothisfield,thespheresuddenlyacquiresa
horizontalaccelerationof13.0m/s
2
i
^
,whatisthechargethatitcarries?
A) 1.15C
B) 1.15C
C) 1150C
D) 1150C
Answer: A
Var:1
21) Whatistheminimummagnitudeofanelectricfieldthatbalancestheweightofaplastic
sphereofmass6.4gthathasbeenchargedto-3.0nC?
A) 2.110
7
N/C
B) 2.410
6
N/C
C) 4.510
6
N/C
D) 6.410
6
N/C
Answer: A
Var:50+
22) ApointchargeQofmass8.50ghangsfromthehorizontalceilingbyalight25.0-cmthread.
Whenahorizontalelectricfieldofmagnitude1750N/Cisturnedon,thechargehangsaway
fromtheverticalasshowninthefigure.ThemagnitudeofQisclosestto
A) 27.5C.
B) 47.6C.
C) 55.0C.
D) 3.0C.
E) 3.5C.
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter26 TheElectricField
1) Thefigureshowstwounequalpointcharges,q andQ,ofoppositesign.ChargeQhasgreater
magnitudethanchargeq.InwhichoftheregionsX,Y,Zwilltherebeapointatwhichthenet
electricfieldduetothesetwochargesiszero?
A) onlyregionsXandZ
B) onlyregionX
C) onlyregionY
D) onlyregionZ
E) allthreeregions
Answer: B
Var:1
2) TwopointchargesQ
1
andQ
2
ofequalmagnitudesandoppositesignsarepositionedas
showninthefigure.WhichofthearrowsbestrepresentsthenetelectricfieldatpointPdueto
thesetwocharges?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) ThefieldisequaltozeroatpointP.
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter26:TheElectricField
3) Fourequalnegativepointchargesarelocatedatthecornersofasquare,theirpositionsinthe
xyplanebeing(1,1),(1,1),(1,1),(1,1).Theelectricfieldonthe xaxisat(1,0)pointsinthe
samedirectionas
A) j
^
.
B) i
^
.
C) -i
^
D) k
^
.
E) -j
^
.
Answer: C
Var:1
4) Threeequalnegativepointchargesareplacedatthreeofthecornersofasquareofside d as
showninthefigure.Whichofthearrowsrepresentsthedirectionofthenetelectricfieldatthe
centerofthesquare?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) ThefieldisequaltozeroatpointP.
Answer: C
Var:1
5) ThefigureshowsthreeelectricchargeslabeledQ
1
,Q
2
,Q
3
,andsomeelectricfieldlinesinthe
regionsurroundingthecharges.Whatarethesignsofthethreecharges?
A) Q
1
ispositive,Q
2
isnegative,Q
3
ispositive.
B) Q
1
isnegative,Q
2
ispositive,Q
3
isnegative.
C) Q
1
ispositive,Q
2
ispositive,Q
3
isnegative.
D) Allthreechargesarenegative.
E) Allthreechargesarepositive.
Answer: A
Var:1
6) Twolarge,flat,horizontallyorientedplatesareparalleltoeachother,adistance dapart.Half
waybetweenthetwoplatestheelectricfieldhasmagnitudeE.Iftheseparationoftheplatesis
reducedtod/2whatisthemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldhalfwaybetweentheplates?
A) 4E
B) 2E
C) E
D) 0
E) E/2
Answer: C
Var:1
7) Twoverylargeparallelsheetsadistanced aparthavetheircentersdirectlyoppositeeach
other.Thesheetscarryequalbutoppositeuniformsurfacechargedensities.Apointcharge
thatisplacednearthemiddleofthesheetsadistance d/2fromeachofthemfeelsanelectrical
forceFduetothesheets.Ifthischargeisnowmovedclosertooneofthesheetssothatitisa
distanced/4fromthatsheet,whatforcewillfeel?
A) 4F
B) 2F
C) F
D) F/2
E) F/4
Answer: C
Var:1
8) Anelectronisinitiallymovingtotherightwhenitentersauniformelectricfielddirected
upwards.Whichtrajectoryshownbelowwilltheelectronfollow?
A) trajectoryW
B) trajectoryX
C) trajectoryY
D) trajectoryZ
Answer: D
Var:1
26.2 Problems
1) Twopointchargesof+20.0Cand-8.00 Careseparatedbyadistanceof20.0cm.Whatisthe
magnitudeofelectricfieldduetothesechargesatapointmidwaybetweenthem?( k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 25.210
6
N/Cdirectedtowardthenegativecharge
B) 25.210
6
N/Cdirectedtowardthepositivecharge
C) 25.210
5
D) 25.210
5
N/Cdirectedtowardthepositivecharge
E) 25.210
4
Answer: A
Var:5
2) ApointchargeQ=500nCandtwounknownpointcharges,q
1
andq
2
,areplacedasshown
inthefigure.TheelectricfieldattheoriginO,duetochargesQ,q
1
andq
2
,isequaltozero.The
chargeq
1
isclosestto
A) 130nC.
B) 76nC.
C) 150nC.
D) 76nC.
E) 130nC.
Answer: A
Var:1
3) Twopointcharges,Q
1
=1.0CandQ
2
= + 4.0C,areplacedasshowninthefigure.( k = 1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)Theycomponentoftheelectricfield,attheoriginO,isclosestto
A) 6.010
-3
N/C.
B) -6.010
-3
N/C.
C) 3.810
-3
N/C.
D) -3.810
-3
N/C.
E) 7.110
-3
N/C.
Answer: A
Var:1
4) Three+3.0-Cpointchargesareatthethreecornersofasquareofside0.50m.Thelastcorner
isoccupiedbya3.0-Ccharge.Findthemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldatthecenterofthe
square.(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
Answer: 4.310
5
N/C
Var:1
5) Threeequalnegativepointchargesareplacedatthreeofthecornersofasquareofside d.
Whatisthemagnitudeofthenetelectricfieldatthecenterofthesquare?( k=1/4
0
=8.99
10
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
Answer: E=2kq/d
2
Var:1
6) A5.0-Cpointchargeisplacedatthe0.00cmmarkofameterstickanda -4.0-Cpoint
chargeisplacedatthe50cmmark.Atwhatpointonalinejoiningthetwochargesisthe
electricfieldduetothesechargesequaltozero?
Answer: 4.7mfromthe0.00-cmmark
Var:1
7) A3.0-Cpositivepointchargeislocatedattheoriginanda 2.0 C positivepointchargeis
locatedatx=0.00m,y=1.0m.Findthecoordinatesofthepointwherethenetelectricfield
strengthduetothesechargesiszero.
A) x=0.00m,y=0.55m
B) x=0.00m,y=0.67m
C) x=0.00m,y=1.5m
D) x=0.00m,y=0.60m
Answer: A
Var:35
8) Twothin80.0-cmrodsareorientedatrightanglestoeachother.Eachrodhasoneendatthe
originofthecoordinates,andoneofthemextendsalongthe +x-axiswhiletheotherextends
alongthe+y-axis.Therodalongthe+x-axiscarriesachargeof15.0Cdistributeduniformly
alongitslength,andtheotherrodcarries+15.0Cuniformlyoveritslength.Findthe
magnitudeanddirectionofthenetelectricalforcethatthesetworodsexertonanelectron
locatedatthepoint(40.0cm,40.0cm).(e=1.6010
-19
C,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
Answer: 1.3510
-13
Nat135withrespecttothe +x-axis
Var:1
9) Averylongwirecarriesauniformlinearchargedensityof 7.0 nC/m. Whatistheelectricfield
strength16.0mfromthecenterofthewireatapointonthewiresperpendicularbisector?(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2/
Nm
2
)
A) 7.9N/C
B) 3.9N/C
C) 0.49N/C
D) 0.031N/C
Answer: A
Var:50+
10) Atadistanceof4.3cmfromthecenterofaverylonguniformlychargedwire,theelectricfield
hasmagnitude2000N/Candisdirectedtowardthewire.Whatisthechargeona1.0cm
lengthofwirenearthecenter?(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) -0.048nC
B) -0.052nC
C) -0.044nC
D) -0.056nC
Answer: A
Var:50+
11) Along,thinrodparalleltothey-axisislocatedatx = 1.0cmandcarriesauniformlinear
chargedensityof+1.0nC/m.Asecondlong,thinrodparalleltothe z-axisislocatedatx=+1.0
cmandcarriesauniformlinearchargedensityof1.0nC/m.Whatisthenetelectricfielddue
totheserodsattheorigin?(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) (3.610
3
N/C)i
^
B) (1.810
3
N/C)j
^
C) (1.810
3
N/C)k
^
D) (3.610
3
N/C)i
^
E) zero
Answer: D
Var:1
12) Athin,circulardiskofradius30.0cmisorientedinthe yz-planewithitscenterattheorigin.
Thediskcarriesatotalchargeof+3.00Cdistributeduniformlyoveritssurface.Calculatethe
magnitudeoftheelectricfieldduetothediskatthepointx=15.0cmalongthex-axis.(
0
=
8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 9.9510
5
N/C
B) 4.9810
5
N/C
C) 3.3110
5
N/C
D) 2.4910
5
N/C
E) 1.9910
5
N/C
Answer: C
Var:1
13) Inthefigure,aring0.71minradiuscarriesachargeof + 580nCuniformlydistributedoverit.
ApointchargeQisplacedatthecenterofthering.Theelectricfieldisequaltozeroatfield
pointP,whichisontheaxisofthering,and0.73mfromitscenter.(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/N
m
2
)ThepointchargeQisclosestto
A) 210
B) 300
C) 420
D) 210
E) 300
Answer: A
Var:1
14) Twoverylarge,flatplatesareparalleltoeachother.Plate A,locatedaty=1.0cm,isalongthe
xz-planeandcarriesauniformsurfacechargedensity -1.00C/m
2
.PlateBislocatedaty=
-1.0cmandcarriesauniformsurfacechargedensity +2.00C/m
2
.Whatistheelectricfield
vectoratthepointhavingx,y,zcoordinates(-0.50cm,0.00cm,0.00cm)?(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) (+1.1310
5
N/C)i
^
B) (-2.8310
5
N/C)j
^
C) (+1.1910
5
N/C)j
^
D) (+1.6910
5
N/C)j
^
E) (-1.1910
5
N/C)j
^
Answer: A
Var:1
15) Anelectricfieldissetupbetweentwoparallelplates,eachofarea2.0m
2
,byputting1.0Cof
chargeononeplateand-1.0Cofchargeontheother.Theplatesareseparatedby4.0mm
withtheircentersoppositeeachother,andthechargesaredistributeduniformlyoverthe
surfaceoftheplates.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldbetweentheplatesata
distanceof1.0mmfromthepositiveplate,butnotneartheedgesoftheplates?(
0
=8.85
10
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 4.210
4
N/C
B) 1.410
4
N/C
C) 3.110
4
N/C
D) 0.00N/C
E) 5.610
4
N/C
Answer: E
Var:1
16) Twoflat4.0cm4.0cmelectrodescarryingequalbutoppositechargesarespaced2.0mm
apartwiththeirmidpointsoppositeeachother.Betweentheelectrodesbutnotneartheir
edges,theelectricfieldstrengthis2.510
6
N/C.Whatisthemagnitudeofthechargeoneach
electrode?(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 35nC
B) 18nC
C) 16nC
D) 30nC
Answer: A
Var:50+
17) Theelectricfieldstrengthinthespacebetweentwocloselyspacedparalleldisksis1.0 10
5
N/C.Thisfieldistheresultoftransferring3.910
9
electronsfromonedisktotheother.What
isthediameterofthedisks?(e
=1.6010
-19
C,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 3.0cm
B) 1.5cm
C) 4.5cm
D) 6.0cm
Answer: A
Var:50+
18) Apairofchargedconductingplatesproducesauniformfieldof12,000N/C,directedtothe
right,betweentheplates.Theseparationoftheplatesis40mm.Anelectronisprojectedfrom
plateA,directlytowardplateB,withaninitialvelocityofv
o
=2.010
7
m/s,asshowninthe
figure.(e
=1.6010
-19
C,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)Thevelocityof
theelectronasitstrikesplateBisclosestto
A) 1.210
7
m/s.
B) 1.510
7
m/s.
C) 1.810
7
m/s.
D) 2.110
7
m/s.
E) 2.410
7
m/s.
Answer: B
Var:1
19) Apairofchargedconductingplatesproducesauniformfieldof12,000N/C,directedtothe
right,betweentheplates.Theseparationoftheplatesis40mm.Anelectronisprojectedfrom
plateA,directlytowardplateB,withaninitialvelocityofv
0
=1.010
7
m/s,asshowninthe
figure.(e
=1.6010
-19
C,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)Thedistanceof
closestapproachoftheelectrontoplateBisnearestto
A) 16mm.
B) 18mm.
C) 20mm.
D) 22mm.
E) 24mm.
Answer: A
Var:1
20) Inthefigure,aprotonisprojectedhorizontallymidwaybetweentwoparallelplatesthatare
separatedby0.50cm.Theelectricalfieldduetotheplateshasmagnitude610,000N/Cbetween
theplatesawayfromtheedges.Iftheplatesare5.60cmlong,findtheminimumspeedofthe
protonifitjustmissesthelowerplateasitemergesfromthefield.( e
=1.6010
-19
C,
0
=8.85
10
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
Answer:
6.0610
6
m/s
Var:50+
21) Adipolewithapositivechargeof2.0 C andanegativechargeof -2.0 Ciscenteredatthe
originandorientedalongthex-axiswiththepositivechargelocatedtotherightoftheorigin.
Thechargeseparationis0.0010m.Findtheelectricfieldduetothisdipoleatthepoint
x=4.0m,y=0.0m.(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 0.56 i
^
N/C
B) -0.56i
^
N/C
C) 0.28i
^
N/C
D) -0.28i
^
N/C
Answer: A
Var:40
22) Anelectricdipoleismadeoftwochargesofequalmagnitudesandoppositesigns.The
positivecharge,q=1.0C,islocatedatthepoint(x,y,z)=(0.00cm,1.0cm,0.00cm),while
thenegativechargeislocatedatthepoint(x,y,z)=(0.00cm,-1.0cm,0.00cm).Howmuch
workwillbedonebyanelectricfield E=(3.010
6
N/C)i
^
tobringthedipoletoitsstable
equilibriumposition?
A) 0.060J
B) 0.030J
C) 0.00J
D) 0.020J
E) 0.12J
Answer: A
Var:1
23) Aninitially-stationaryelectricdipoleofdipolemoment p=(5.0010
-10
Cm)i
^
placedinan
electricfield E=(2.0010
6
N/C)i
^
+(2.0010
6
N/C)j
^
.Whatisthemagnitudeofthe
maximumtorquethattheelectricfieldexertsonthedipole?
A) 2.0010
-3
Nm
B) 1.4010
-3
Nm
C) 2.8010
-3
Nm
D) 0.00Nm
E) 1.0010
-3
Nm
Answer: E
Var:1
24) Anelectricdipoleconsistsofcharges5.00Cseparatedby1.20mm.Itisplacedinavertical
electricfieldofmagnitude525N/Corientedasshowninthefigure.Themagnitudeofthenet
torquethisfieldexertsonthedipoleisclosestto
A) 2.0210
-6
Nm.
B) 3.1510
-6
Nm.
C) 2.4110
-6
Nm.
D) 1.0110
-6
Nm.
E) 1.2110
-6
Nm.
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter27 GausssLaw
1) Iftheelectricfluxthroughaclosedsurfaceiszero,theelectricfieldatpointsonthatsurface
mustbezero.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
2) ThefigureshowsfourGaussiansurfacessurroundingadistribtuionofcharges.
(a)WhichGaussiansurfaceshaveanelectricfluxof+q/
0
throughthem?
(b)WhichGaussiansurfaceshavenoelectricfluxthroughthem?
Answer: (a)b(b)c
Var:1
3) WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutGaussslawarecorrect?(Theremaybemorethan
onecorrectchoice.)
A) Gaussslawisvalidonlyforsymmetricchargedistributions,suchasspheresand
cylinders.
B) IfthereisnochargeinsideofaGaussiansurface,theelectricfieldmustbezeroatpoints
ofthatsurface.
C) OnlychargeenclosedwithinaGaussiansurfacecanproduceanelectricfieldatpointson
thatsurface.
D) IfaGaussiansurfaceiscompletelyinsideanelectrostaticconductor,theelectricfield
mustalwaysbezeroatallpointsonthatsurface.
E) TheelectricfluxpassingthroughaGaussiansurfacedependsonlyontheamountof
chargeinsidethatsurface,notonitssizeorshape.
Answer: D,E
Var:1
4) ConsiderasphericalGaussiansurfaceofradiusR centeredattheorigin.AchargeQisplaced
insidethesphere.Tomaximizethemagnitudeofthefluxoftheelectricfieldthroughthe
Gaussiansurface,thechargeshouldbelocated
A) atx=0,y=0,z=R/2.
B) attheorigin.
C) atx=R/2,y=0,z=0.
D) atx=0,y=R/2,z=0.
E) Thechargecanbelocatedanywhere,sincefluxdoesnotdependonthepositionofthe
chargeaslongasitisinsidethesphere.
Answer: E
Var:1
5) Thegraphinthefigureshowstheelectricfieldstrength(not thefieldlines)asafunctionof
distancefromthecenterforapairofconcentricuniformlychargedspheres.Whichofthe
followingsituationscouldthegraphplausiblyrepresent?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrect
choice.)
A) apositivelychargedconductingspherewithinanotherpositivelychargedconducting
sphere
B) apositivelychargedconductingspherewithinanunchargedconductingsphere
C) asolidnonconductingsphere,uniformlychargedthroughoutitsvolume,insideofa
positivelychargedconductingsphere
D) apositivelychargednonconductingthinwalledsphericalshellinsideofapositively
chargedconductingsphere
E) apositivelychargednonconductingthinwalledsphericalshellinsideofanother
positivelychargednonconductingthinwalledsphericalshell
Answer: A,D
Var:1
Chapter27:GausssLaw
6) Twolongstraightparallellines,#1and#2,carryuniformpositivelinearchargedensities.The
chargedensityonline#2istwiceasgreatasthechargedensityonline#1.Thelocusofpoints
wheretheelectricfieldduetotheselinesiszerois
A) alongalinebetweenthelinesclosertoline#2thanline#1.
B) atapointmidwaybetweenthelines.
C) alongalineperpendiculartolines#1and#2.
D) alongalinebetweenthelinesclosertoline#1thanline#2.
Answer: D
Var:1
7) AtadistanceDfromaverylong(essentiallyinfinite)uniformlineofcharge,theelectricfield
strengthis1000N/C.Atwhatdistancefromthelinewillthefieldstrengthtobe2000N/C?
A) 2D
B) 2D
C) D/ 2
D) D/2
E) D/4
Answer: D
Var:1
8) AchargeQisuniformlyspreadoveronesurfaceofaverylargenonconductingsquareelastic
sheethavingsidesoflength d.AtapointPthatis1.25cmoutsidethesheet,themagnitudeof
theelectricfieldduetothesheetisE.Ifthesheetisnowstretchedsothatitssideshavelength
2d,whatisthemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldatP?
A) 4E
B) 2E
C) E
D) E/2
E) E/4
Answer: E
Var:1
9) Anunchargedconductorhasahollowcavityinsideofit.Withinthiscavitythereisachargeof
+10Cthatdoesnottouchtheconductor.Therearenootherchargesinthevicinity.Which
statementaboutthisconductoristrue?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Theinnersurfaceoftheconductorcarriesachargeof-10Canditsoutersurfacecarries
noexcesscharge.
B) Theinnerandoutersurfacesoftheconductoreachcontainchargesof -5C.
C) Thenetelectricfieldwithinthematerialoftheconductorpointsawayfromthe+10C
charge.
D) Theoutersurfaceoftheconductorcontains+10Cofchargeandtheinnersurface
contains-10C.
E) Bothsurfacesoftheconductorcarrynoexcesschargebecausetheconductoris
uncharged.
Answer: D
Var:1
10) Underelectrostaticconditions,theelectricfieldjustoutsidethesurfaceofanycharged
conductor
A) isalwaysparalleltothesurface.
B) isalwayszerobecausetheelectricfieldiszeroinsideconductors.
C) isalwaysperpendiculartothesurfaceoftheconductor.
D) isperpendiculartothesurfaceoftheconductoronlyifitisasphere,acylinder,oraflat
sheet.
E) canhavenonzerocomponentsperpendiculartoandparalleltothesurfaceofthe
conductor.
Answer: C
Var:1
27.2 Problems
1) Anonuniformelectricfieldisdirectedalongthex-axisatallpointsinspace.Thismagnitude
ofthefieldvarieswithx,butnotwithrespecttoyorz.Theaxisofacylindricalsurface,0.80m
longand0.20mindiameter,isalignedparalleltothe x-axis,asshowninthefigure.The
electricfieldsE
1
andE
2
,attheendsofthecylindricalsurface,havemagnitudesof6000N/C
and1000N/Crespectively,andaredirectedasshown.Whatisthenetelectricfluxpassing
throughthecylindricalsurface?
A) 160Nm
2
/C
B) 350Nm
2
/C
C) 0.00Nm
2
/C
D) +350Nm
2
/C
E) +160Nm
2
/C
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter27:GausssLaw
2) Aconeisrestingonatabletopasshowninthefigurewithitsfacehorizontal.Auniform
electricfieldofmagnitude4550N/Cpointsverticallyupward.Howmuchelectricfluxpasses
throughtheslopingsidesurfaceareaofthecone?
Answer: 6.36Nm
2
/C
Var:1
3) Ifarectangularareaisrotatedinauniformelectricfieldfromthepositionwherethe
maximumelectricfluxgoesthroughittoanorientationwhereonlyhalfthefluxgoesthrough
it,whathasbeentheangleofrotation?
A) 45
B) 26.6
C) 90
D) 30
E) 60
Answer: E
Var:1
4) Thecubeofinsulatingmaterialshowninthefigurehasonecornerattheorigin.Eachsideof
thecubehaslength0.080msothetopfaceofthecubeisparalleltothexz-planeandisaty=
0.080m.Itisobservedthatthereisanelectricfield E =(3280N/Cm)yj
^
thatisinthe+y
directionandwhosemagnitudedependsonlyon y.UseGaussslawtocalculatethenetcharge
enclosedbythecube.(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
Answer: 1.5x10
-11
C
Var:1
5) Achargeq=2.00Cisplacedattheorigininaregionwherethereisalreadyauniformelectric
field E =(100N/C)i
^
.CalculatethefluxofthenetelectricfieldthroughaGaussiansphereof
radiusR=10.0cmcenteredattheorigin.(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 5.5210
5
Nm
2
/C
B) 1.1310
5
Nm
2
/C
C) 2.2610
5
Nm
2
/C
D) zero
Answer: C
Var:1
6) Achargeof1.010
-6
Cislocatedinsideasphere,1.25cmfromitscenter.Whatisthe
electricfluxthroughthesphereduetothischarge?(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 0.11Nm
2
/C
B) 8.9Nm
2
/C
C) 0.028Nm
2
/C
D) Itcannotbedeterminedwithoutknowingtheradiusofthesphere.
Answer: A
Var:1
7) Fourdipoles,eachconsistingofa+10-Cchargeanda-10-Ccharge,arelocatedinthe
xy-planewiththeircenters1.0mmfromtheorigin,asshown.Aspherepassesthroughthe
dipoles,asshowninthefigure.Whatistheelectricfluxthroughthesphereduetothese
dipoles?(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 4.510
6
Nm
2
/C
B) 0.00Nm
2
/C
C) 9.010
6
Nm
2
/C
D) 1110
5
Nm
2
/C
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter27:GausssLaw
8) Anonuniformelectricfieldisdirectedalongthex-axisatallpointsinspace.Thismagnitude
ofthefieldvarieswithx,butnotwithrespecttoyorz.Theaxisofacylindricalsurface,0.80m
longand0.20mindiameter,isalignedparalleltothe x-axis,asshowninthefigure.The
electricfieldsE
1
andE
2
,attheendsofthecylindricalsurface,havemagnitudesof9000N/C
and5000N/Crespectively,andaredirectedasshown.(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)The
chargeenclosedbythecylindricalsurfaceisclosestto
A) -1.1nC.
B) 1.1nC.
C) -2.4nC.
D) -4.8nC.
E) 4.8nC.
Answer: A
Var:50+
9) Twoconcentricspheresareshowninthefigure.Theinnersphereisasolidnonconductorand
carriesachargeof+5.00Cuniformlydistributedoveritsoutersurface.Theoutersphereisa
conductingshellthatcarriesanetchargeof8.00C.Nootherchargesarepresent.Theradii
showninthefigurehavethevaluesR
1
=10.0cm,R
2
=20.0cm,andR
3
=30.0cm.(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
(a)Findthetotalexcesschargeontheinnerandoutersurfacesoftheconductingsphere.
(b)Findthemagnitudeanddirectionoftheelectricfieldatthefollowingdistancesrfromthe
centeroftheinnersphere:(i)r=9.5cm,(ii)r=15.0cm,(iii)r=27.0cm,(iv)r=35.0cm.
Answer: (a)-5.00C(innersurface),-3.00C(outersurface)
(b)(i)0;(ii)2.0010
6
N/C,radiallyoutward;(iii)0;(iv)2.2010
5
N/C,radiallyinward
Var:1
10) Twoconcentricconductingsphericalshellsproducearadiallyoutwardelectricfieldof
magnitude49,000N/Catapoint4.10mfromthecenteroftheshells.Theoutersurfaceofthe
largershellhasaradiusof3.75m.Iftheinnershellcontainsanexcesschargeof5.30C,find
theamountofchargeontheoutersurfaceofthelargershell.(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
N
m
2
/C
2
)
Answer: 91.6C
Var:1
11) AsolidnonconductingsphereofradiusR carriesauniformchargedensitythroughoutits
volume.Ataradialdistancer
1
=R/4fromthecenter,theelectricfieldhasamagnitudeE
0
.
Whatisthemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldataradialdistancer
2
=2R?
A) E
0
/4
B) zero
C) E
0
/2
D) E
0
E) 2E
0
Answer: D
Var:1
12) AsolidnonconductingsphereofradiusR carriesachargeQ distributeduniformlythroughout
itsvolume.Atacertaindistancer
1
(r
1
<R)fromthecenterofthesphere,theelectricfieldhas
magnitudeE.IfthesamechargeQweredistributeduniformlythroughoutasphereofradius
2R,themagnitudeoftheelectricfieldatthesamedistancer
1
fromthecenterwouldbeequal
to
A) E/8.
B) E/2.
C) 2E.
D) 8E.
E) E.
Answer: A
Var:1
13) Aspherical,non-conductingshellofinnerradiusr
1
= 10 cmandouterradiusr
2
=15cmcarries
atotalchargeQ=15Cdistributeduniformlythroughoutthevolumeoftheshell.Whatisthe
magnitudeoftheelectricfieldatadistancer=12cmfromthecenteroftheshell?(k=1/4
0
=
8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 5.7510
3
N/C
B) zero
C) 2.8710
6
N/C
D) 5.7510
6
N/C
E) 2.8710
3
N/C
Answer: C
Var:5
Chapter27:GausssLaw
14) Anon-conductingsphereofradiusR = 7.0cmcarriesachargeQ = 4.0mCdistributed
uniformlythroughoutitsvolume.Atwhatdistance,measuredfromthecenterofthesphere,
doestheelectricfieldreachavalueequaltohalfitsmaximumvalue?
A) 3.5cmonly
B) 4.9cmonly
C) 3.5cmand9.9cm
D) 3.5cmand4.9cm
E) 9.9cmonly
Answer: C
Var:5
15) Electricchargeisuniformlydistributedinsideanonconductingsphereofradius0.30m.The
electricfieldatapointP,whichis0.50mfromthecenterofthesphere,is15,000N/Candis
directedradiallyoutward.Atwhatdistancefromthecenterofthespheredoestheelectricfield
havethesamemagnitudeasithasat P?
A) 0.11m
B) 0.13m
C) 0.15m
D) 0.17m
E) atnootherpoint
Answer: A
Var:1
16) Electricchargeisuniformlydistributedinsideanonconductingsphereofradius0.30m.The
electricfieldatapointP,whichis0.50mfromthecenterofthesphere,is15,000N/Candis
directedradiallyoutward.Whatisthemaximummagnitudeoftheelectricfieldduetothis
sphere?
A) 25,000N/C
B) 30,000N/C
C) 36,000N/C
D) 42,000N/C
E) 48,000N/C
Answer: D
Var:1
17) AnonconductingsphericalshellofinnerradiusR
1
andouterradiusR
2
containsauniform
volumechargedensitythroughouttheshell.UseGaussslawtoderiveanequationforthe
magnitudeoftheelectricfieldatthefollowingradialdistances rfromthecenterofthesphere.
Youranswersshouldbeintermsof,R
1
,R
2
,r,
0
,and.
(a)r<R
1
(b)R
1
<r<R
2
(c)r>R
2
Answer: (a)E=0(b)E=
3
0
r
2
r
3
-R
1
3 (c)E=
3
0
r
2
R
2
3
-R
1
3
Var:1
18) Aninfinitelylongnonconductingcylinderofradius R = 2.00cmcarriesauniformvolume
chargedensityof18.0C/m
3
.Calculatetheelectricfieldatdistancer=1.00cmfromtheaxis
ofthecylinder.(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 2.5010
3
N/C
B) 5.1010
3
N/C
C) zero
D) 2.0010
3
N/C
E) 10.210
3
N/C
Answer: E
Var:1
19) Thecrosssectionofalongcoaxialcableisshowninthefigure,withradiiasgiven.Thelinear
chargedensityontheinnerconductoris-30nC/mandthelinearchargedensityontheouter
conductoris-70nC/m.Theinnerandoutercylindricalsurfacesarerespectivelydenotedby A,
B,C,andD,asshown.(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)Theradialcomponentoftheelectricfield
atapointthat34mmfromtheaxisisclosestto
A) -16,000N/C.
B) +16,000N/C.
C) -37,000N/C.
D) +37,000N/C.
E) zero
Answer: A
Var:50+
Chapter27:GausssLaw
20) Thecrosssectionofalongcoaxialcableisshowninthefigure,withradiiasgiven.Thelinear
chargedensityontheinnerconductoris-40nC/mandthelinearchargedensityontheouter
conductoris-50nC/m.Theinnerandoutercylindricalsurfacesarerespectivelydenotedby A,
B,C,andD,asshown.(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)Themagnitudeoftheelectricfieldata
pointthatis94mmfromtheaxisisclosestto
A) 17,000N/C.
B) 15,000N/C.
C) 13,000N/C.
D) 11,000N/C.
E) 9600N/C.
Answer: A
Var:50+
21) Chargeisdistributeduniformlythroughoutalargeinsulatingcylinderofradius R.Thecharge
perunitlengthinthecylindricalvolumeis.
(a)UseGaussslawtofindthemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldatadistance rfromthecentral
axisofthecylinderforr<R.Youranswershouldbeintermsofr,R,,
0
,and.
(b)Checkthereasonablenessofyouranswerbyevaluatingitatthesurfaceofthecylinder.
Answer: (a)E=
r
2
0
R
2
(b)Atr=R,E=/2
0
R,whichisreasonable.
Var:1
22) Averylargesheetofaconductorcarriesauniformchargedensityof4.00pC/mm
2
onits
surfaces.Whatistheelectricfieldstrength3.00mmoutsidethesurfaceoftheconductor?(
0
=
8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 4.5210
5
N/C
B) 2.2610
5
N/C
C) 9.0410
5
N/C
D) 0.452N/C
E) 0.226N/C
Answer: A
Var:1
23) Ahuge(essentiallyinfinite)horizontalnonconductingsheet10.0cmthickhascharge
uniformlyspreadoverbothfaces.Theupperfacecarries+95.0nC/m
2
whilethelowerface
carries25.0nC/m
2
.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldatapointwithinthesheet2.00
cmbelowtheupperface?(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 0.00N/C
B) 3.9510
3
N/C
C) 6.7810
3
N/C
D) 7.9110
3
N/C
E) 1.3610
4
N/C
Answer: C
Var:1
24) Asshowninthefigure,asquareinsulatingslab5.0mmthickmeasuring2.0m 2.0mhasa
chargeof8.010
-11
Cdistributeduniformlythroughoutitsvolume.UseGaussslawto
determinetheelectricfieldatpointP,whichislocatedwithintheslabbeneathitscenter,1.0
mmfromoneofthefaces.(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 0.68N/C
B) 14N/C
C) 23N/C
D) 34N/C
E) 57N/C
Answer: A
Var:1
25) Twoextremelylargenonconductinghorizontalsheetseachcarryuniformchargedensityon
thesurfacesfacingeachother.Theuppersheetcarries+5.00C/m
2
.Theelectricfieldmidway
betweenthesheetsis4.2510
5
N/Cpointingdownward.Whatisthesurfacechargedensity
onthelowersheet?(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
Answer: 2.52C/m
2
Var:1
Chapter27:GausssLaw
26) Considertwocloselyspacedandoppositelychargedparallelmetalplates.Theplatesare
squarewithsidesoflengthLandcarrychargesQandQontheirfacingsurfaces.Whatisthe
magnitudeoftheelectricfieldintheregionbetweentheplates?
A) E=
Q
0
L
2
B) E=
2Q
0
L
2
C) E=0
D) E=
4Q
0
L
2
E) E=
Q
2
0
L
2
Answer: A
Var:1
27) Aneutralhollowsphericalconductingshellofinnerradius1.00cmandouterradius3.00cm
hasa+2.00-Cpointchargeplacedatitscenter.Findthesurfacechargedensity
(a)ontheinnersurfaceoftheshell.
(b)ontheoutersurfaceoftheshell.
Answer: (a)1590C/m
2
(b)+177C/m
2
Var:1
28) Ahollowconductingsphericalshellhasradiiof0.80mand1.20m,asshowninthefigure.The
spherecarriesanexcesschargeof-500nC.Apointchargeof+300nCispresentatthecenter.
Thesurfacechargedensityontheinnersphericalsurfaceisclosestto
A) zero.
B) +4.010
-8
C/m
2
.
C) +6.010
-8
C/m
2
.
D) 4.010
-8
C/m
2
.
E) 6.010
-8
C/m
2
.
Answer: D
Var:1
Chapter27:GausssLaw
spherecarriesanetexcesschargeof500nC.Apointchargeof +300nCispresentatthe
center.(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C)Theradialcomponentoftheelectricfieldatapoint
thatis0.60mfromthecenterisclosestto
A) zero.
B) +5000N/C.
C) +7500N/C.
D) 5000N/C.
E) 7500N/C.
Answer: C
Var:1
spherecarriesanetexcesschargeof500nC.Apointchargeof +300nCispresentatthe
center.(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C)Theradialcomponentoftheelectricfieldatapoint
thatis1.50mfromthecenterisclosestto
A) +1200N/C.
B) +2000N/C.
C) 800N/C.
D) 1600N/C.
E) 2000N/C.
Answer: C
Var:1
31) Anirregularconductorcarriesasurfacechargedensityof6.75C/m
2
atandinthevicinityof
apointPonthesurface.AnelectronisreleasedjustabovePoutsidetheconductor.Whatare
themagnitudeanddirectionofitsaccelerationtheinstantafteritisreleased?(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
,e
=1.6010
-19
C,
m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
Answer: 1.3410
17
m/s
2
,awayfromP
Var:1
Chapter28 TheElectricPotential
1) Iftheelectricfieldiszeroeverywhereinsidearegionofspace,thepotentialmustalsobezero
inthatregion.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
2) Whentheelectricfieldiszeroatapoint,thepotentialmustalsobezerothere.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
3) Iftheelectricalpotentialinaregionisconstant,theelectricfieldmustbezeroeverywherein
thatregion.
A) True
B) False
Answer: A
Var:1
4) Iftheelectricpotentialatapointinspaceiszero,thentheelectricfieldatthatpointmustalso
bezero.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
5) Anegativecharge,iffree,willtendtomove
A) fromhighpotentialtolowpotential.
B) fromlowpotentialtohighpotential.
C) towardinfinity.
D) awayfrominfinity.
E) inthedirectionoftheelectricfield.
Answer: B
Var:1
6) Supposearegionofspacehasauniformelectricfield,directedtowardstheright,asshownin
thefigure.Whichstatementabouttheelectricpotentialistrue?
A) Thepotentialatallthreelocations(A,B,C)isthesamebecausethefieldisuniform.
B) ThepotentialatpointsA andB areequal,andthepotentialatpointCishigherthanthe
potentialatpointA.
C) ThepotentialatpointsA andB areequal,andthepotentialatpointCislowerthanthe
potentialatpointA.
D) ThepotentialatpointAisthehighest,thepotentialatpointB isthesecondhighest,and
thepotentialatpointCisthelowest.
Answer: C
Var:1
7) Whichstatementsaretrueforanelectronmovinginthedirectionofanelectricfield?(There
maybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Itselectricpotentialenergyincreasesasitgoesfromhightolowpotential.
B) Itselectricpotentialenergydecreasesasitgoesfromhightolowpotential.
C) Itspotentialenergyincreasesasitskineticenergydecreases.
D) Itskineticenergydecreasesasitmovesinthedirectionoftheelectricfield.
E) Itskineticenergyincreasesasitmovesinthedirectionoftheelectricfield.
Answer: A,C,D
Var:1
8) Supposeyouhavetwopointchargesofoppositesign.Asyoumovethemfartherandfarther
apart,thepotentialenergyofthissystemrelativetoinfinity
A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) staysthesame.
Answer: A
Var:1
9) Supposeyouhavetwonegativepointcharges.Asyoumovethemfartherandfartherapart,
thepotentialenergyofthissystemrelativetoinfinity
A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) staysthesame.
Answer: B
Var:1
Chapter28:TheElectricPotential
10) Twoequalpositivechargesareheldinplaceatafixeddistance.Ifyouputathirdpositive
chargemidwaybetweenthesetwocharges,itselectricalpotentialenergyofthesystem
(relativetoinfinity)iszerobecausetheelectricalforcesonthethirdchargeduetothetwofixed
chargesjustbalanceeachother.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
11) AnegativechargeismovedfrompointA topointB alonganequipotentialsurface.Whichof
thefollowingstatementsmustbetrueforthiscase?
A) Thenegativechargeperformsworkinmovingfrompoint A topointB.
B) WorkisrequiredtomovethenegativechargefrompointA topointB.
C) NoworkisrequiredtomovethenegativechargefrompointA topointB.
D) Theworkdoneonthechargedependsonthedistancebetween A andB.
E) WorkisdoneinmovingthenegativechargefrompointA topointB.
Answer: C
Var:1
28.2 Problems
1) Twopositivepointcharges+4.00Cand+2.00Careplacedattheoppositecornersofa
rectangleasshowninthefigure.(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
(a)WhatisthepotentialatpointA(relativetoinfinity)duetothesecharges?
(b)WhatisthepotentialatpointB(relativetoinfinity)duetothesecharges?
Answer: (a)+8.9910
4
V(b)1.1210
5
V
Var:1
2) Threepointchargesof2.00C,+4.00C,and+6.00Careplacedalongthe x-axisasshown
inthefigure.WhatistheelectricalpotentialatpointP(relativetoinfinity)duetothese
charges?(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 307kV
B) +307kV
C) 154kV
D) +154kV
E) 0kV
Answer: B
Var:1
3) Fourequal+6.00-Cpointchargesareplacedatthecornersofasquare2.00moneachside.( k
=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
(a)Whatistheelectricpotential(relativetoinfinity)duetothesechargesatthecenterofthis
square?
(b)Whatisthemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldduetothesechargesatthecenterofthesquare?
Answer: (a)153kV(b)zero
Var:1
4) Fourpointchargesofmagnitude6.00Candofvaryingsignsareplacedatthecornersofa
square2.00moneachside,asshowninthefigure.(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
(a)Whatistheelectricpotential(relativetoinfinity)atthecenterofthissquareduetothese
charges?
(b)Whatisthemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldduetothesechargesatthecenterofthesquare?
Answer: (a)zero(b)7.6310
4
N/C
Var:1
5) Two+6.0-Cpointchargesareplacedatthecornersofthebaseofanequilateraltriangle,as
showninthefigure.(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)Atthevertex,P,ofthetriangle
(a)whatistheelectricpotential(relativetoinfinity)duetothesecharges?
(b)whatisthemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldduetothesecharges?
Answer: (a)54kV(b)2.310
4
N/C
Var:1
6) A+4.0C-pointchargeanda4.0-Cpointchargeareplacedasshowninthefigure.Whatis
thepotentialdifference,V
A
V
B
,betweenpointsAandB?(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 48V
B) 96V
C) 0.00V
D) 96kV
E) 48kV
Answer: D
Var:1
7) Twopointchargesof+2.0Cand6.0Carelocatedonthe x-axisatx =1.0cmandx = +2.0
cmrespectively.Whereshouldathirdchargeof +3.0-Cbeplacedonthe+x-axissothatthe
potentialattheoriginisequaltozero?(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) x=4.0cm
B) x=1.0cm
C) x=2.0cm
D) x=3.0cm
E) x=5.0cm
Answer: D
Var:1
8) A7.0-Cpointchargehasapositivelychargedobjectinanellipticalorbitaroundit.Ifthe
massofthepositivelychargedobjectis1.0kgandthedistancevariesfrom5.0mmto20.0mm
betweenthecharges,whatisthemaximumelectricpotentialdifferencethroughwhichthe
positiveobjectmoves?(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 9.4MV
B) 3.2MV
C) 4.2MV
D) 16MV
Answer: A
Var:1
9) Thefigureshowstwoarcsofacircleonwhichcharges+Q andQ havebeenspreaduniformly.
Whatisthevalueoftheelectricpotentialatthecenterofthecircle?
Answer: Zero
Var:1
10) Ahalf-ring(semicircle)ofuniformlydistributedchargeQ hasradiusR.Whatistheelectric
potentialatitscenter?
Answer: Q/4
0
R
Var:1
11) Averysmallobjectcarrying-6.0 Cofcharge isattractedtoalarge,well-anchored,positively
chargedobject.Howmuchkineticenergydoesthenegativelychargedobjectgainifthe
potentialdifferencethroughwhichitmovesis3.0mV?(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 18nJ
B) 0.50kJ
C) 0.50J
D) 6.0J
Answer: A
Var:30
12) Twopointchargesof+1.0Cand2.0Carelocated0.50mapart.Whatistheminimum
amountofworkneededtomovethechargesaparttodoublethedistancebetweenthem?( k=
1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 36mJ
B) +18mJ
C) 0mJ
D) +36mJ
E) 18mJ
Answer: B
Var:1
13) TwoequalpointchargesQareseparatedbyadistance d.Oneofthechargesisreleasedand
movesawayfromtheotherdueonlytotheelectricalforcebetweenthem.Whenthemoving
chargeisadistance3dfromtheothercharge,whatisitskineticenergy?
Answer: Q
2
/6
0
d
Var:1
14) Ifanelectronisacceleratedfromrestthroughapotentialdifferenceof9.9kV,whatisits
resultingspeed?(e=1.6010
-19
C,k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
,
m
el
=9.11x10
-31
kg)
A) 5.910
7
m/s
B) 4.910
7
m/s
C) 3.910
7
m/s
D) 2.910
7
m/s
Answer: A
Var:1
15) Considerthegroupofthree+2.4 nCpointchargesshowninthefigure.Whatistheelectric
potentialenergyofthissystemofchargesrelativetoinfinity?(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
N
m
2
/C
2
)
A) 4.110
-6
J
B) 4.610
-6
J
C) 4.210
-6
J
D) 4.410
-6
J
Answer: A
Var:50+
16) Anelectronisreleasedfromrestatadistanceof9.00cmfromaproton.Iftheprotonisheldin
place,howfastwilltheelectronbemovingwhenitis3.00cmfromtheproton?( m
el
=9.11x
10
-31
kg,e=1.6010
-19
C,k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 75.0m/s
B) 106m/s
C) 130m/s
D) 1.0610
3
m/s
E) 4.6410
5
m/s
Answer: B
Var:1
17) A3.0-Cpointchargeanda9.0-Cpointchargeareinitiallyextremelyfarapart.How
muchworkdoesittaketobringthe3.0-Cchargetox=3.0mm,y=0.00mmandthe9.0-
Cchargetox=3.0mm,y=0.00mm?(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 40J
B) 81J
C) 27J
D) 6.8J
Answer: A
Var:1
18) Atinyobjectcarryingachargeof +3.00Candasecondtinychargedobjectareinitiallyvery
farapart.Ifittakes29.0Jofworktobringthemtoafinalconfigurationinwhichthe+3.00C
objectiisatx=1.00mm,y=1.00mm,andtheotherchargedobjectisat x=1.00mm,y=3.00
mm,findthemagnitudeofthechargeonthesecondobject.( k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 2.15C
B) 4.30C
C) 10.74C
D) 4.30nC
Answer: A
Var:50+
19) Thefigureshowsanarrangementoftwo-4.5 nCcharges,eachseparatedby5.0mmfroma
proton.Ifthetwonegativechargesareheldfixedattheirlocationsandtheprotonisgivenan
initialvelocityvasshowninthefigure,whatistheminimuminitialspeed vthattheproton
needstototallyescapefromthenegativecharges?(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
,e=1.60
10
-19
C,m
proton
=1.67x10
-27
kg)
A) 1.810
6
m/s
B) 3.510
6
m/s
C) 6.810
6
m/s
D) 1.410
7
m/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
20) Analphaparticleisanucleusofhelium.Ithastwicethechargeandfourtimesthemassofthe
proton.Whentheywereveryfarawayfromeachother,butheadedtowarddirectlyeach
other,aprotonandanalphaparticleeachhadaninitialspeedof 0.0030c,wherecisthespeed
oflight.Whatistheirdistanceofclosestapproach?Hint:Therearetwoconservedquantities.
Makeuseofbothofthem.(c=3.0010
8
m/s,k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
,e=1.60
10
-19
C,m
proton
=1.67x10
-27
kg)
A) 2.110
-13
m
B) 3.310
-13
m
C) 2.610
-13
m
D) 2.910
-13
m
Answer: A
Var:50+
21) Twopointcharges,Qand3Q,arelocatedonthex-axisadistanced apart,with3Qtothe
rightofQ.FindthelocationofALLthepointsonthex-axis(notcountinginfinity)atwhich
thepotential(relativetoinfinity)duetothispairofchargesisequaltozero.
Answer: d/4totherightofQ(betweenthecharges)andd/2totheleftofQ
Var:1
22) Aspherewithradius2.0mmcarries+1.0Cofchargedistributeduniformlythroughoutits
volume.Whatisthepotentialdifference,V
B
-V
A
,betweenpointB,whichis4.0mfromthe
centerofthesphere,andpointA,whichis9.0mfromthecenterofthesphere?(k=1/4
0
=
8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 1200V
B) 1200V
C) 140V
D) 0.45V
Answer: A
Var:1
23) Aconductingsphereischargedupsuchthatthepotentialonitssurfaceis100V(relativeto
infinity).Ifthespheresradiusweretwiceaslarge,butthechargeonthespherewerethesame,
whatwouldbethepotentialonthesurfacerelativetoinfinity?
A) 50V
B) 25V
C) 100V
D) 200V
Answer: A
Var:1
24) Aconductingsphereofradius20.0cmcarriesanexcesschargeof +15.0C,andnoother
chargesarepresent.(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)Thepotential(relativetoinfinity)due
tothissphereatapoint12.0cmfromitscenterisclosestto
A) zero.
B) 674kV.
C) 1130kV.
D) 3380kV.
E) 9380kV.
Answer: B
Var:1
25) Aconductingsphere45cmindiametercarriesanexcessofcharge,andnootherchargesare
present.Youmeasurethepotentialofthesurfaceofthissphereandfindittobe14kVrelative
toinfinity.(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)Theexcesschargeonthissphereisclosestto
A) 0.35nC.
B) 79nC.
C) 315nC.
D) 350nC.
E) 700nC.
Answer: D
Var:1
26) Twoparallelconductingplatesareseparatedby 1.0 mmandcarryequalbutoppositesurface
chargedensities.Ifthepotentialdifferencebetweenthemis 2.0V,whatisthemagnitudeof
thesurfacechargedensityoneachplate?(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 18nC/m
2
B) 0.13mC/m
2
C) 35nC/m
2
D) 0.27mC/m
2
Answer: A
Var:5
27) TwolargeconductingparallelplatesA andB areseparatedby2.4m.Auniformfieldof1500
V/m,inthepositivex-direction,isproducedbychargesontheplates.Thecenterplaneat x=
0.00misanequipotentialsurfaceonwhichV=0.Anelectronisprojectedfromx=0.00m,
withaninitialvelocityof1.010
7
m/sperpendiculartotheplatesinthepositivex-direction,
asshowninthefigure.Whatisthekineticenergyoftheelectronasitreachesplate A?(e=1.60
10
-19
C,m
el
=9.11x10
-31
kg)
A) +2.410
-16
J
B) +3.310
-16
J
C) 2.410
-16
J
D) 2.910
-16
J
E) 3.310
-16
J
Answer: B
Var:1
28) AchargeQ=820nCisuniformlydistributedonaringof2.4mradius.Apointcharge q =
+530nCisfixedatthecenterofthering.Points AandBarelocatedontheaxisofthering,as
showninthefigure.Whatistheminimumworkthatanexternalforcemustdototransportan
electronfromBtoA?(e=1.6010
-19
C,k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
A) 8.710
-17
J
B) +7.210
-18
J
C) +1.010
-16
J
D) +8.710
-17
J
E) 7.210
-18
J
Answer: A
Var:1
29) AchargeQ=610nCisuniformlydistributedonaringof2.4-mradius.Apointchargeq =
+480nCisfixedatthecenterofthering,asshowninthefigure.Anelectronisprojectedfrom
infinitytowardtheringalongtheaxisofthering.Thiselectroncomestoamomentaryhaltata
pointontheaxisthatis5.0mfromthecenterofthering.Whatistheinitialspeedofthe
electronatinfinity?(e=1.6010
-19
C,k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
,m
el
=9.11x10
-31
kg)
A) 6.610
6
m/s
B) 4.510
6
m/s
C) 3.410
6
m/s
D) 2.210
6
m/s
E) 1.110
6
m/s
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter29 PotentialandField
1) AconductingsphereofradiusR carriesanexcesspositivechargeandisveryfarfromany
othercharges.Whichoneofthefollowinggraphsbestillustratesthepotential(relativeto
infinity)producedbythissphereasafunctionofthedistance rfromthecenterofthesphere?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: D
Var:1
2) Ametallicsphereofradius5cmischargedsuchthatthepotentialofitssurfaceis100V
(relativetoinfinity).Whichofthefollowingplotscorrectlyshowsthepotentialasafunctionof
distancefromthecenterofthesphere?
A) plotW
B) plotX
C) plotY
D) plotZ
Answer: B
Var:1
Chapter29:PotentialandField
3) Anonconductingspherecontainspositivechargedistributeduniformlythroughoutits
volume.Whichstatementsaboutthepotentialduetothisspherearetrue?Allpotentialsare
measuredrelativetoinfinity.(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Thepotentialishighestatthecenterofthesphere.
B) Thepotentialatthecenterofthesphereiszero.
C) Thepotentialatthecenterofthesphereisthesameasthepotentialatthesurface.
D) Thepotentialatthesurfaceishigherthanthepotentialatthecenter.
E) Thepotentialatthecenteristhesameasthepotentialatinfinity.
Answer: A
Var:1
4) Aconductingspherecontainspositivechargedistributeduniformlyoveritssurface.Which
statementsaboutthepotentialduetothisspherearetrue?Allpotentialsaremeasuredrelative
toinfinity.(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Thepotentialislowest,butnotzero,atthecenterofthesphere.
B) Thepotentialatthecenterofthesphereiszero.
C) Thepotentialatthecenterofthesphereisthesameasthepotentialatthesurface.
D) Thepotentialatthesurfaceishigherthanthepotentialatthecenter.
E) Thepotentialatthecenteristhesameasthepotentialatinfinity.
Answer: C
Var:1
5) ThegraphinthefigureshowsthevariationoftheelectricpotentialV (measuredinvolts)asa
functionoftheradialdirectionr(measuredinmeters).Forwhichrangeorvalueofristhe
magnitudeoftheelectricfieldthelargest?
A) fromr=0mtor=3m
B) fromr=3mtor=4m
C) fromr=4mtor=6m
D) atr=3m
E) atr=4m
Answer: B
Var:1
6) ThegraphinthefigureshowsthevariationoftheelectricpotentialV(x)(inarbitraryunits)asa
functionofthepositionx(alsoinarbitraryunits).Whichofthechoicesbelowcorrectly
describestheorientationofthexcomponentoftheelectricfieldalongthexaxis?
A) E
x
ispositivefromx=2tox =2.
B) E
x
ispositivefromx=2tox =0,andnegativefrom x =0tox=2.
C) E
x
isnegativefromx=2tox =0,andpositivefromx=0tox =2.
D) E
x
isnegativefromx=2tox =2.
Answer: B
Var:1
7) Thepotentialasafunctionofpositionx isshowninthegraphinthefigure.Whichstatement
abouttheelectricfieldistrue?
A) Theelectricfieldiszeroatx=0,itsmagnitudeisatamaximumatx=5cm,andthefield
isdirectedtotherightthere.
B) Theelectricfieldiszeroatx=5cm,itsmagnitudeisatamaximumat x=0,andthefield
isdirectedtotherightthere.
C) Theelectricfieldiszeroat x=0,itsmagnitudeisatamaximumatx=15cm,andthefield
isdirectedtotheleftthere.
D) Theelectricfieldiszeroatx=10cm,itsmagnitudeisatamaximumatx=5cm,andthe
fieldisdirectedtotheleftthere.
Answer: A
Var:1
8) Thechargeonthesquareplatesofaparallelplatecapacitoris Q.Thepotentialacrossthe
platesismaintainedwithconstantvoltagebyabatteryastheyarepulledaparttotwicetheir
originalseparation,whichissmallcomparedtothedimensionsoftheplates.Theamountof
chargeontheplatesisnowequalto
A) 4Q.
B) 2Q.
C) Q.
D) Q/2.
E) Q/4.
Answer: D
Var:1
9) Theelectricfieldbetweensquaretheplatesofaparallelplatecapacitorhasmagnitude E.The
potentialacrosstheplatesismaintainedwithconstantvoltagebyabatteryastheyarepulled
aparttotwicetheiroriginalseparation,whichissmallcomparedtothedimensionsofthe
plates.Themagnitudeoftheelectricfieldbetweentheplatesisnowequalto
A) 4E.
B) 2E.
C) E.
D) E/2.
E) E/4.
Answer: D
Var:1
10) EqualbutoppositechargesQareplacedonthesquareplatesofanairfilledparallelplate
capacitor.Theplatesarethenpulledaparttotwicetheiroriginalseparation,whichissmall
comparedtothedimensionsoftheplates.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthis
capacitoraretrue?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Theenergystoredinthecapacitorhasdoubled.
B) Theenergydensityinthecapacitorhasincreased.
C) Theelectricfieldbetweentheplateshasincreased.
D) Thepotentialdifferenceacrosstheplateshasdoubled.
E) Thecapacitancehasdoubled.
Answer: A,D
Var:1
11) Whentwoormorecapacitorsareconnectedinseriesacrossapotentialdifference
A) thepotentialdifferenceacrossthecombinationisthealgebraicsumofthepotential
differencesacrosstheindividualcapacitors.
B) eachcapacitorcarriesthesameamountofcharge.
C) theequivalentcapacitanceofthecombinationislessthanthecapacitanceofanyofthe
capacitors.
E) Noneoftheabovechoicesarecorrect.
Answer: D
Var:1
12) Whentwoormorecapacitorsareconnectedinparallelacrossapotentialdifference
A) thepotentialdifferenceacrosseachcapacitoristhesame.
B) eachcapacitorcarriesthesameamountofcharge.
C) theequivalentcapacitanceofthecombinationislessthanthecapacitanceofanyofthe
capacitors.
E) Noneoftheabovechoicesarecorrect.
Answer: A
Var:1
13) Thefouridenticalcapacitorsinthecircuitshowninthefigureareinitiallyuncharged.Letthe
chargesonthecapacitorsbeQ
1
,Q
2
,Q
3
,andQ
4
andthepotentialdifferencesacrossthembe
V
1
,V
2
,V
3
,andV
4
.TheswitchisthrownfirsttopositionAandkeptthereforalongtime.Itis
thenthrowntopositionB.Whichofthefollowingconditionsistruewiththeswitchinposition
B?
A) V
1
=V
2
=V
3
=V
4
B) V
1
=V
0
C) V
1
+V
2
+V
3
+V
4
=V
0
D) Q
1
=3Q
2
E) Q
1
=Q
2
Answer: D
Var:1
14) Inthecircuitshowninthefigure,thecapacitorsareinitiallyuncharged.Theswitchisfirst
throwntopositionAandkeptthereforalongtime.Itisthenthrowntoposition B.Letthe
chargesonthecapacitorsbeQ
1
,Q
2
,andQ
3
andthepotentialdifferencesacrossthembe V
1
,
V
2
,andV
3
.WhichofthefollowingconditionsmustbetruewiththeswitchinpositionB?
A) V
1
=V
2
=V
3
B) V
1
+V
2
=V
3
C) V
3
=V
0
D) Q
1
=Q
2
=Q
3
E) Q
1
+Q
2
=Q
3
Answer: B
Var:1
15) Anidealparallelplatecapacitorconsistsofasetoftwoparallelplatesofarea Aseparatedbya
verysmalldistanced.Whenthiscapacitorisconnectedtoabatterythatmaintainsaconstant
potentialdifferencebetweentheplates,theenergystoredinthecapacitoris U
0
.Ifthe
separationbetweentheplatesisdoubled,howmuchenergyisstoredinthecapacitor?
A) 4U
0
B) 2U
0
C) U
0
D) U
0
/2
E) U
0
/4
Answer: D
Var:1
16) Anidealparallelplatecapacitorconsistsofasetoftwoparallelplatesofarea Aseparatedbya
verysmalldistanced.Whenthecapacitorplatescarrycharges+Qand-Q,thecapacitorstores
energyU
0
.Iftheseparationbetweentheplatesisdoubled,howmuchelectricalenergyis
storedinthecapacitor?
A) 4U
0
B) 2U
0
C) U
0
D) U
0
/2
E) U
0
/4
Answer: B
Var:1
17) Anidealairfilledparallelplatecapacitorhasroundplatesandcarriesafixedamountofequal
butoppositechargeonitsplates.Allthegeometricparametersofthecapacitor(platediameter
andplateseparation)arenowDOUBLED.Iftheoriginalcapacitancewas C
0
,whatisthenew
capacitance?
A) 4C
0
B) 2C
0
C) C
0
D) C
0
/2
E) C
0
/4
Answer: B
Var:1
andplateseparation)arenowDOUBLED.Iftheoriginalenergystoredinthecapacitorwas
U
0
,howmuchenergydoesitnowstore?
A) 4U
0
B) 2U
0
C) U
0
D) U
0
/2
E) U
0
/4
Answer: D
Var:1
andplateseparation)arenowDOUBLED.Iftheoriginalenergydensitybetweentheplates
wasu
0
,whatisthenewenergydensity?
A) 16u
0
B) 4u
0
C) u
0
D) u
0
/4
E) u
0
/16
Answer: E
Var:1
20) AchargedcapacitorstoresenergyU.Withoutconnectingthiscapacitortoanything,dielectric
havingdielectricconstantKisnowinsertedbetweentheplatesofthecapacitor,completely
fillingthespacebetweenthem.Howmuchenergydoesthecapacitornowstore?
A) 2KU
B) KU
C) U
D)
U
K
E)
U
2K
Answer: D
Var:1
21) Twocapacitors,C
1
andC
2
,areconnectedinseriesacrossasourceofpotentialdifference.With
thepotentialsourcestillconnected,adielectricisnowinsertedbetweentheplatesofcapacitor
C
1
.Whathappenstothechargeoncapacitor C
2
?
A) ThechargeonC
2
increases.
B) ThechargeonC
2
decreases.
C) ThechargeonC
2
remainsthesame.
Answer: A
Var:1
22) Anairfilledparallelplatecapacitorisconnectedtoabatteryandallowedtochargeup.Nowa
slabofdielectricmaterialisplacedbetweentheplatesofthecapacitorwhilethecapacitoris
stillconnectedtothebattery.Afterthisisdone,wefindthat
A) theenergystoredinthecapacitorhaddecreased.
B) thevoltageacrossthecapacitorhadincreased.
C) thechargeonthecapacitorhadincreased.
D) thechargeonthecapacitorhadnotchanged.
E) Noneofthesechoicesaretrue.
Answer: C
Var:1
29.2 Problems
1) IftheelectricpotentialinaregionisgivenbyV(x)=6/x
2
,thexcomponentoftheelectricfield
inthatregionis
A) 12x
-3
.
B) 6x.
C) 12x
-3
.
D) 12x.
E) 6x.
Answer: C
Var:1
2) IfthepotentialinaregionisgivenbyV(x,y,z)=xy3z
-2
,thentheycomponentoftheelectric
fieldinthatregionis
A) x+y6z
-3
.
B) y.
C) x.
D) x+y.
Answer: C
Var:1
3) Inacertainregion,theelectricpotentialduetoachargedistributionisgivenbytheequation
V(x,y,z)=3x
2
y
2
+yz
3
2z
3
x,wherex,y,andzaremeasuredinmetersandVisinvolts.
Calculatethemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldvectorattheposition(x,y,z)=(1.0,1.0,1.0).
A) 4.3V/m
B) 2.0V/m
C) 8.1V/m
D) 8.6V/m
E) 74V/m
Answer: D
Var:1
4) Inacertainregion,theelectricpotentialduetoachargedistributionisgivenbytheequation
V(x,y)=2xyx
2
y,wherexandyaremeasuredinmetersandVisinvolts.Atwhichpointis
theelectricfieldequaltozero?
A) x=0.5m,y=1m
B) x=1m,y=1m
C) x=1m,y=0.5m
D) x=0.5m,y=0.5m
E) x=0m,y=0m
Answer: D
Var:1
5) Aparallel-platecapacitorhasplatesofarea0.40m
2
andplateseparationof0.20mm.The
capacitorisconnectedacrossa9.0-Vpotentialsource.(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
(a)Whatisthemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldbetweentheplates?
(b)Whatisthecapacitanceofthecapacitor?
(c)Whatisthemagnitudeofthechargeoneachplateofthecapacitor?
Answer: (a)4.510
4
N/C(b)18nF(c)160nC
Var:1
6) Eachplateofaparallel-plateair-filledcapacitorhasanareaof0.0020m
2
,andtheseparation
oftheplatesis0.020mm.Anelectricfieldof3.910
6
V/mispresentbetweentheplates.What
isthesurfacechargedensityontheplates?(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 35C/m
2
B) 73C/m
2
C) 17C/m
2
D) 52C/m
2
E) 87C/m
2
Answer: A
Var:50+
7) Twothin-walledconcentricconductingspheresofradii5.0cmand10cmhaveapotential
differenceof100Vbetweenthem.(k=1/4
0
=8.9910
9
Nm
2
/C
2
)
(a)Whatisthecapacitanceofthiscombination?
(b)Whatisthechargecarriedbyeachsphere?
Answer: (a)11pF(b)1.1nC
Var:1
8) Threecapacitorsareconnectedasshowninthefigure.Whatistheequivalentcapacitance
betweenpointsaandb?
A) 1.7F
B) 4.0F
C) 7.1F
D) 12F
E) 8.0F
Answer: A
Var:1
9) Thecapacitorsinthenetworkshowninthefigureallhaveacapacitanceof5.0F.Whatisthe
equivalentcapacitance,C
ab
,ofthiscapacitornetwork?
A) 20F
B) 3.0F
C) 10F
D) 5.0F
E) 1.0F
Answer: B
Var:1
10) Threecapacitors,withcapacitances C
1
= 4.0F,C
2
= 3.0F,andC
3
= 2.0F,areconnectedto
a12-Vvoltagesource,asshowninthefigure.Whatisthechargeoncapacitor C
2
?
A) 16C
B) 32C
C) 2.0C
D) 8.0C
E) 4.0C
Answer: A
Var:5
11) Threecapacitorsarearrangedasshowninthefigure.C
1
hasacapacitanceof5.0pF,C
2
hasa
capacitanceof10.0pF,andC
3
hasacapacitanceof15.0pF.Findthevoltagedropacrossthe
entirearrangementifthevoltagedropacross C
2
is311V.
A) 1900V
B) 1200V
C) 570V
D) 520V
Answer: A
Var:1
12) Thecapacitivenetworkshowninthefigureisassembledwithinitiallyunchargedcapacitors.
Apotentialdifference,V
ab
=+100V,isappliedacrossthenetwork.Theswitch Sinthenetwork
isinitiallyopenbutisthenclosed.Assumethatallthecapacitancesshownareaccuratetotwo
significantfigures.Whatistheequivalentcapacitancebetween ab
(a)withtheswitchSopen?
(b)withtheswitchSclosed?
Answer: (a)14F(b)17F
Var:1
ab
iskeptopen.Assumethatallthecapacitancesshownareaccuratetotwosignificantfigures.
WhatispotentialdifferenceV
cd
acrosstheopenswitchS?
A) 0V
B) 40V
C) 50V
D) 60V
E) 70V
Answer: B
Var:1
14) Fivecapacitorsareconnectedacrossapotentialdifference V
ab
asshowninthefigure.Because
ofthedielectricsused,eachcapacitorwillbreakdownifthepotentialacrossitexceeds30.0V.
ThelargestthatV
ab
canbewithoutdamaginganyofthecapacitorsisclosestto
A) 6.0V.
B) 30V.
C) 64V.
D) 150V.
E) 580V.
Answer: C
Var:1
15) Thenetworkshowninthefigureisassembledwithunchargedcapacitors X,Y,andZ,with
C
X
=7.0F,C
Y
=7.0F,andC
Z
=6.0F,andopenswitches,S
1
andS
2
.Apotential
differenceV
ab
=+120Visappliedbetweenpointsaandb.Afterthenetworkisassembled,
switchS
1
isclosedforalongtime,butswitchS
2
iskeptopen.ThenswitchS
1
isopenedand
switchS
2
isclosed.WhatisthefinalvoltageacrosscapacitorX?
A) 94V
B) 87V
C) 79V
D) 71V
E) 63V
Answer: A
Var:50+
16) A1.0-Fanda2.0-Fcapacitorareconnectedinseriesacrossa3.0-Vvoltagesource.
(a)Whatisthechargeonthe1.0-Fcapacitor?
(b)Whatisthevoltageacrossthe2.0-Fcapacitor?
Answer: (a)2.0C(b)1.0V
Var:1
17) Threecapacitors,ofcapacitance5.00F,10.0F,and50.0 F,areconnectedinseriesacrossa
12.0-Vvoltagesource.
(a)Howmuchchargeisstoredinthe5.00-Fcapacitor?
(b)Whatisthepotentialdifferenceacrossthe10.0-Fcapacitor?
Answer: (a)37.5C(b)3.75V
Var:1
18) Fourcapacitorsareconnectedacrossa90-Vvoltagesourceasshowninthefigure.
(a)Whatisthechargeonthe4.0-Fcapacitor?
(b)Whatisthechargeona2.0-Fcapacitor?
(c)Whatisthechargeonthe3.0-Fcapacitor?
(d)Whatisthepotentialdifferenceacrossthe6.0-Fcapacitor?
Answer: (a)120C(b)120C(c)180C(d)30V
Var:1
19) Twocapacitorsofcapacitance6.00 Fand8.00Fareconnectedinparallel.Thecombination
isthenconnectedinserieswitha12.0-Vvoltagesourceanda14.0-Fcapacitor,asshownin
thefigure.
(a)Whatistheequivalentcapacitanceofthiscombination?
(b)Whatisthechargeonthe6.00-Fcapacitor?
(c)Whatisthepotentialdifferenceacrossthe6.00-Fcapacitor?
Answer: (a)7.00F(b)36.0C(c)6.00V
Var:1
20) Anisolatedair-filledparallel-platecapacitorthatisnolongerconnectedtoanythinghasbeen
chargeduptoQ=2.9nC.Theseparationbetweentheplatesinitiallyis1.20mm,andforthis
separationthecapacitanceis31pF.Calculatetheworkthatmustbedonetopulltheplates
apartuntiltheirseparationbecomes5.30mm,ifthechargeontheplatesremainsconstant.(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
Answer: 0.46J
Var:1
21) Inthecircuitshowninthefigure,allthecapacitorsareair-filled.WiththeswitchSopen,the
40.0-Fcapacitorhasaninitialchargeof5.00Cwhiletheotherthreecapacitorsare
uncharged.Theswitchisthenclosedandleftclosedforalongtime.Calculatetheinitialand
finalvaluesofthetotalelectricalenergystoredinthesefourcapacitors.
Answer: U
i
=0.313J,U
f
=0.208J
Var:1
22) A6.00-Fparallel-platecapacitorhaschargesof40.0 Conitsplates.Howmuchpotential
energyisstoredinthiscapacitor?
A) 103J
B) 113J
C) 123J
D) 133J
E) 143J
Answer: D
Var:5
23) Achargeof2.00Cflowsontotheplatesofacapacitorwhenitisconnectedtoa12.0 -V
potentialsource.Whatistheminimumamountofworkthatmustbedoneinchargingthis
capacitor?
A) 6.00J
B) 24.0J
C) 12.0J
D) 144J
E) 576J
Answer: C
Var:1
24) A1.0Fcapacitorhasapotentialdifferenceof 6.0 Vappliedacrossitsplates.Ifthepotential
differenceacrossitsplatesisincreasedto8.0V,howmuchADDITIONALenergydoesthe
capacitorstore?
A) 14J
B) 28J
C) 2.0J
D) 4.0J
Answer: A
Var:28
25) Twosquareair-filledparallelplatesthatareinitiallyunchargedareseparatedby1.2mm,and
eachofthemhasanareaof190mm
2
.Howmuchchargemustbetransferredfromoneplateto
theotherif1.1nJofenergyaretobestoredintheplates?(
00
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 56pC
B) 39pC
C) 78pC
D) 3.5C
Answer: A
Var:1
ab
iskeptopen.Assumethatallthecapacitancesshownareaccuratetotwosignificantfigures.
Whatisthetotalenergystoredinthesevencapacitors?
A) 48mJ
B) 72mJ
C) 96mJ
D) 120mJ
E) 144mJ
Answer: B
Var:1
27) Eachplateofanair-filledparallel-plateaircapacitorhasanareaof0.0040m
2
,andthe
separationoftheplatesis0.080mm.Anelectricfieldof5.310
6
V/mispresentbetweenthe
plates.Whatistheenergydensitybetweentheplates?(
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 124J/m
3
B) 84J/m
3
C) 170J/m
3
D) 210J/m
3
E) 250J/m
3
Answer: A
Var:1
28) A15-Fair-filledcapacitorisconnectedtoa50-Vvoltagesourceandbecomesfullycharged.
Thevoltagesourceisthenremovedandaslabofdielectricthatcompletelyfillsthespace
betweentheplatesisinserted.Thedielectrichasadielectricconstantof5.0.
(a)Whatisthecapacitanceofthecapacitoraftertheslabhasbeeninserted?
(b)Whatisthepotentialdifferenceacrosstheplatesofthecapacitoraftertheslabhasbeen
inserted?
Answer: (a)75F(b)10V
Var:1
29) Aparallel-platecapacitorwithplateseparationof1.0cmhassquareplates,eachwithanarea
of6.010
-2
m
2
.Whatisthecapacitanceofthiscapacitorifadielectricmaterialwitha
dielectricconstantof2.4isplacedbetweentheplates,completelyfillingthem?(
0
=8.85
10
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 1510
-12
F
B) 1510
-14
F
C) 6410
-14
F
D) 1.310
-12
F
E) 1.310
-10
F
Answer: E
Var:1
30) Aparallel-platecapacitorhasacapacitanceof10mFandischargedwitha20-Vpower
supply.Thepowersupplyisthenremovedandadielectricmaterialofdielectricconstant4.0is
usedtofillthespacebetweentheplates.Whatisthevoltagenowacrossthecapacitor?
A) 80V
B) 20V
C) 10V
D) 5.0V
E) 2.5V
Answer: D
Var:1
31) A6.0-Fair-filledcapacitorisconnectedacrossa100-Vvoltagesource.Afterthesourcefully
chargesthecapacitor,thecapacitorisimmersedintransformeroil(ofdielectricconstant4.5).
HowmuchADDITIONALchargeflowsfromthevoltagesource,whichremainedconnected
duringtheprocess?
A) 1.2mC
B) 1.5mC
C) 1.7mC
D) 2.1mC
E) 2.5mC
Answer: D
Var:1
32) Aparallel-platecapacitorhasacapacitanceof10mFandchargedwitha20-Vpowersupply.
Thepowersupplyisthenremovedandadielectricmaterialofdielectricconstant4.0isusedto
fillthespacebetweentheplates.Howmuchenergyisnowstoredbythecapacitor?
A) 250mJ
B) 125mJ
C) 500mJ
D) 62.5mJ
E) 1200mJ
Answer: C
Var:1
33) Aparallel-platecapacitorconsistsoftwoparallel,squareplatesthathavedimensions1.0cm
by1.0cm.Iftheplatesareseparatedby1.0mm,andthespacebetweenthemisfilledwith
teflon,whatisthecapacitanceofthiscapacitor?(Thedielectricconstantforteflonis2.1,and
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
.)
A) 1.9pF
B) 0.44pF
C) 2.1pF
D) 0.89pF
Answer: A
Var:5
34) Anair-filledcapacitorstoresapotentialenergyof 6.00 mJ duetoitscharge.Itisaccidentally
filledwithwaterinsuchawayasnottodischargeitsplates.Howmuchenergydoesit
continuetostoreafteritisfilled?(Thedielectricconstantforwateris78andforairitis1.0006.)
A) 0.077mJ
B) 468mJ
C) 0.040mJ
D) 6.00mJ
Answer: A
Var:18
35) Aparallel-platecapacitor,withairbetweentheplates,isconnectedacrossavoltagesource.
Thissourceestablishesapotentialdifferencebetweentheplatesbyplacingchargeof
magnitude4.1510
-6
Coneachplate.Thespacebetweentheplatesisthenfilledwitha
dielectricmaterial,withadielectricconstantof7.74.Whatmustthemagnitudeofthecharge
oneachcapacitorplatenowbe,toproducethesamepotentialdifferencebetweentheplatesas
before?
Answer:
3.2110
-5
C
Var:50+
Chapter30 CurrentandResistance
1) Thefigureshowsasteadyelectriccurrentpassingthroughawirewithanarrowregion.What
happenstothedriftvelocityofthemovingchargesastheygofromregion AtoregionBand
thentoregionC?
A) ThedriftvelocitydecreasesfromAtoBandincreasesfromBtoC.
B) Thedriftvelocityincreasesallthetime.
C) Thedriftvelocityremainsconstant.
D) Thedriftvelocitydecreasesallthetime.
E) ThedriftvelocityincreasesfromAtoBanddecreasesfromBtoC.
Answer: E
Var:1
2) Whenelectriccurrentisflowinginametal,theelectronsaremoving
A) atnearlythespeedoflight.
B) atthespeedoflight.
C) atthespeedofsoundinthemetal.
D) atthespeedofsoundinair.
E) atnoneoftheabovespeeds.
Answer: E
Var:1
3) Thefigureshowstwoconnectedwiresthataremadeofthesamematerial.Thecurrent
enteringthewireontheleftis2.0Aandinthatwiretheelectrondriftspeedis v
d
.Whatisthe
electrondriftspeedinthewireontherightside?
A) 4v
d
B) 2v
d
C) v
d
D) v
d
/2
E) v
d
/4
Answer: E
Var:1
4) AnarrowcopperwireoflengthL andradiusb isattachedtoawidecopperwireoflengthL
andradius2b,formingonelongwireoflength2L.Thislongwireisattachedtoabattery,anda
currentisflowingthroughit.Iftheelectricfieldinthenarrowwireis E,theelectricfieldinthe
widewireis
A) E.
B) 2E.
C) 4E.
D) E/2.
E) E/4.
Answer: E
Var:1
5) AcylindricalwirehasaresistanceR andresistivity.IfitslengthanddiameterareBOTHcut
inhalf,
(a)whatwillbeitsresistance?
A) 4R
B) 2R
C) R
D) R/2
E) R/4
(b)whatwillbeitsresistivity?
A) 4
B) 2
C)
D) /2
E) /4
Answer: (a)B(b)C
Var:1
Chapter30:CurrentandResistance
6) Youaregivenacopperbarofdimensions3cm5cm8cmandaskedtoattachleadstoitin
ordertomakearesistor.
(a)IfyouwanttoachievetheSMALLESTpossibleresistance,youshouldattachtheleadsto
theoppositefacesthatmeasure
A) 3cm5cm.
B) 3cm8cm.
C) 5cm8cm.
D) Anypairoffacesproducesthesameresistance.
(b)IfyouwanttoachievetheLARGESTpossibleresistance,youshouldattachtheleadstothe
oppositefacesthatmeasure
A) 3cm5cm.
B) 3cm8cm.
C) 5cm8cm.
D) Anypairoffacesproducesthesameresistance.
Answer: (a)C(b)A
Var:1
7) Awireofresistivitymustbereplacedinacircuitbyawireofthesamematerialbut4times
aslong.If,however,theresistanceofthenewwireistobethesameastheresistanceofthe
originalwire,thediameterofthenewwiremustbe
A) thesameasthediameteroftheoriginalwire.
B) 1/2thediameteroftheoriginalwire.
C) 1/4thediameteroftheoriginalwire.
D) 2timesthediameteroftheoriginalwire.
E) 4timesthediameteroftheoriginalwire.
Answer: D
Var:1
8) Ascurrentflowsthroughauniformwire,thewiregetshotterbecausetheelectronsstop
movingandthereforetransformtheirlostkineticenergyintothermalenergyinthewire.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
9) Whenapotentialdifferenceof10Visplacedacrossacertainsolidcylindricalresistor,the
currentthroughitis2A.Ifthediameterofthisresistorisnowtripled,thecurrentwillbe
A) 2/9A.
B) 2/3A.
C) 2A.
D) 3A.
E) 18A.
Answer: E
Var:1
10) Twocablesofthesamelengtharemadeofthesamematerial,exceptthatonecablehastwice
thediameteroftheothercable.Whenthesamepotentialdifferenceismaintainedacrossboth
cables,whichofthefollowingstatementsaretrue?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrect
choice.)
A) Thesamecurrentflowsthroughbothcables.
B) Bothcablescarrythesamecurrentdensity.
C) Theelectronshavethesamedriftvelocityinbothcables.
D) Thecurrentinthethincableistwiceasgreatasthecurrentinthethickcable.
E) Thecurrentinthethincableisfourtimesasgreatasthecurrentinthethickcable.
Answer: B,C
Var:1
30.2 Problems
1) Anelectricdevicedeliversacurrentof 5.0 Atoadevice.Howmanyelectronsflowthrough
thisdevicein10s?(e=1.6010
-19
C)
A) 0.20
B) 20
C) 2.0
D) 3.1x10
20
E) 31x10
20
Answer: D
Var:5
2) Inacertainelectroplatingprocessgoldisdepositedbyusingacurrentof 14.0Afor19
minutes.Agoldion,Au
+
,hasamassofapproximately3.310
-22
g.Howmanygramsof
goldaredepositedbythisprocess?
A) 33g
B) 16g
C) 22g
D) 28g
E) 97g
Answer: A
Var:50+
3) Thefigureshowsa2.0-cmdiameterrollerthatturnsat90rpm.A4.0-cmwideplasticfilmis
beingwrappedontotheroller,andthisplasticcarriesanexcesselectricchargehavinga
uniformsurfacechargedensityof5.0nC/cm
2
.Whatisthecurrentofthemovingfilm?
A) 190nA
B) 23A
C) 30nA
D) 11A
Answer: A
Var:50+
4) ThecurrentsuppliedbyabatteryasafunctionoftimeisI(t)=(0.88A)e
-t/(6.0hr)
.Whatisthe
totalnumberofelectronstransportedfromthepositiveelectrodetothenegativeelectrode
fromthetimethebatteryisfirstuseduntilitisessentiallydead?(e=1.6010
-19
C)
A) 1.210
23
B) 4.410
22
C) 5.310
23
D) 3.310
19
Answer: A
Var:50+
5) Agoldwirethatis1.8mmindiameterand15 cmlongcarriesacurrentof260mA.Howmany
electronspersecondpassagivencrosssectionofthewire? (e=1.6010
-19
C)
A)
1.610
18
B)
1.610
17
C)
1.510
23
D)
3.710
15
E)
6.310
15
Answer: A
Var:50+
6) Inanelectroplatingprocess,copper(ioniccharge+2e,atomicweight63.6g/mol)isdeposited
usingacurrentof10.0A.Whatmassofcopperisdepositedin10.0minutes?Avogadros
numberis6.02210
23
molecules/molande=1.6010
-19
C.
A) 3.96g
B) 2.52g
C) 0.99g
D) 2.52g
E) 1.98g
Answer: E
Var:1
7) Thecurrentinawirevarieswithtimeaccordingtotheequation I(t)= 6.00A+(4.80A/s)t,
wheretisinseconds.Howmanycoulombsofchargepassacrosssectionofthewireinthe
timeperiodbetweent=0.00sandt=3.00s?
Answer: 39.6C
Var:50+
8) Ifacurrentof2.4Aisflowinginacylindricalwireofdiameter2.0mm,whatistheaverage
currentdensityinthiswire?
A) 7.610
5
A/m
2
B) 5.210
-6
A/m
2
C) 1.910
5
A/m
2
D) 3.610
5
A/m
2
E) 2110
-6
A/m
2
Answer: A
Var:1
9) Aprotonbeamthatcarriesatotalcurrentof 1.3 mAhas10.0mmdiameter.Thecurrent
densityintheprotonbeamincreaseslinearlywithdistancefromthecenter.Thisisexpressed
mathematicallyasJ(r)=J
0
(r/R),whereRistheradiusofthebeamand J
0
isthecurrentdensity
attheedge.DeterminethevalueofJ
0
.
A) 25A/m
2
B) 6.2A/m
2
C) 12A/m
2
D) 17A/m
2
Answer: A
Var:50+
10) Acertainfuseblowsifthecurrentinitexceeds1.0A,atwhichinstantthefusemeltswitha
currentdensityof620A/cm
2
.Whatisthediameterofthewireinthefuse?
A) 0.45mm
B) 0.63mm
C) 0.68mm
D) 0.91mm
Answer: A
Var:50+
11) IfthecurrentdensityinawireorradiusR isgivenbyJ = kr,0< r < R,whatisthecurrentinthe
wire?
A) 2kR
3
/3
B) 3kR
3
/2
C) kR
3
/3
D) kR
2
E) kR
2
/2
Answer: A
Var:1
12) AsilverwirehasacrosssectionalareaA=2.0mm
2
.Atotalof9.410
18
electronspass
throughthewirein3.0s.Theconductionelectrondensityinsilveris5.8 10
28
electrons/m
3
ande=1.6010
-19
C.Whatisthedriftvelocityoftheseelectrons?
A) 2.710
-5
m/s
B) 9.110
-5
m/s
C) 5.210
-5
m/s
D) 1.110
-5
m/s
E) 7.410
-5
m/s
Answer: A
Var:1
13) Thediameterofa12-gaugecopperwireis0.081in.Themaximumsafecurrentitcancarry(in
ordertopreventfiredangerinbuildingconstruction)is20A.Atthiscurrent,whatisthedrift
velocityoftheelectrons?Thenumberofelectroncarriersin1.0cm
3
ofcopperis8.510
22
and
e=1.6010
-19
C.
A) 0.044mm/s
B) 0.44mm/s
C) 0.44cm/s
D) 0.44m/s
E) 4.4cm/s
Answer: B
Var:1
14) Awirehasacross-sectionalareaof0.10mm
2
.Ifthereare4.010
28
atomspercubicmeterin
thiswire,andifeachatomcontributes2freeelectrons,whatisthedriftvelocityofthe
electronswhenthecurrentinthewireis6.0A?(e=1.6010
-19
C)
A) 0.0047m/s
B) 0.0092m/s
C) 0.94m/s
D) 0.019m/s
Answer: A
Var:1
15) BuildingcodesusuallylimitthecurrentcarriedbyaNo.14copperwireto15A.Many
householdcircuitsarewiredwiththissizewire.Whatisthedriftvelocityoftheelectronsin
thiscase?Thediameterofthiswireis1.6mm.Assumeoneconductionelectronperatomin
copper.Theatomicweightofcopperis63.3g/molanditsdensityis8900kg/m
3
.Avogadros
numberis6.02210
23
molecules/molande=1.6010
-19
C.
A) 5.5110
-4
m/s
B) 4.5610
-4
m/s
C) 1.6510
-3
m/s
D) 4.4410
-2
m/s
E) 4.8910
-5
m/s
Answer: A
Var:1
16) Theresistivityofgoldis2.4410
-8
matroomtemperature.Agoldwirethatis0.9mmin
diameterand14cmlongcarriesacurrentof940mA.Whatistheelectricfieldinthewire?
A) 0.036V/m
B) 0.0090V/m
C) 0.028V/m
D) 0.046V/m
E) 0.090V/m
Answer: A
Var:50+
17) Asilverwirewithresistivity1.5910
-8
mcarriesacurrentdensityof4.0A/mm
2
. Whatis
themagnitudeoftheelectricfieldinsidethewire?
A) 0.064V/m
B) 2.5V/m
C) 0.040V/m
D) 0.10V/m
Answer: A
Var:7
18) Atubeofmercurywithresistivity9.8410
-7
mhasanelectricfieldinsidethecolumnof
mercuryofmagnitude23N/Cthatisdirectedalongthelengthofthetube.Howmuchcurrent
isflowingthroughthistubeifitsdiameteris1.0mm?
A) 18A
B) 180A
C) 29A
D) 280A
Answer: A
Var:1
19) Whatlengthofacertainmetalwireofdiameter0.15mmisneededforthewiretohavea
resistanceof15?Theresistivityofthismetalis1.68 10
-8
m.
A) 16mm
B) 16cm
C) 1.6m
D) 16m
E) 160m
Answer: D
Var:1
20) A2.0mmdiameterwireoflength20mhasaresistanceof0.25.Whatistheresistivityofthe
wire?
A) 5.010
-7
m
B) 3.910
-8
m
C) 4.010
-7
m
D) 1610
-8
m
E) 0.25m
Answer: B
Var:1
21) Whatmustbethediameterofacylindrical120-mlongmetalwireifitsresistanceistobe6.0
?Theresistivityofthismetalis1.6810
-8
m.
A) 0.065mm
B) 0.65mm
C) 0.65cm
D) 0.325mm
E) 0.0325mm
Answer: B
Var:1
22) Nichromewire,oftenusedforheatingelements,hasresistivityof1.010
-6
matroom
temperature.WhatlengthofNo.30wire(ofdiameter0.250mm)isneededtowindaresistor
thathas50ohmsatroomtemperature?
A) 3.66m
B) 2.45m
C) 0.61m
D) 6.54m
E) 22.4m
Answer: B
Var:1
23) Calculatethecurrentthrougha10.0-mlong22gauge(havingradius0.321mm)nichrome
wireifitisconnectedtoa12.0-Vbattery.Theresistivityofnichromeis100 10
-8
m.
A) 17.5A
B) 30.9A
C) 61.8A
D) 388mA
E) 776mA
Answer: D
Var:1
24) Howmuchcurrentwillbeflowingthrougha40.0mlengthofcylindricalmetalwirewith
radius0.0mmifitisconnectedtoasourcesupplying16.0V?Theresistivityofthismetalis
1.6810
-8
m.
A) 1200A
B) 9.510
8
A
C) 68nA
D) 710A
Answer: A
Var:1
25) Whenavoltagedifferenceisappliedtoapieceofmetalwire,a 5.0-mA currentflowsthrough
it.Ifthismetalwireisnowreplacedwithasilverwirehavingtwicethediameterofthe
originalwire,howmuchcurrentwillflowthroughthesilverwire?Thelengthsofbothwires
arethesame,andthevoltagedifferenceremainsunchanged.(Theresistivityoftheoriginal
metalis1.6810
-8
m,andtheresistivityofsilveris1.5910
-8
m.)
A) 21mA
B) 19mA
C) 11mA
D) 5.3mA
Answer: A
Var:9
26) Acylindricalwireofradius2.0 mmcarriesacurrentof2.5 A.Thepotentialdifferencebetween
pointsonthewirethatare46mapartis3.7V.
(a)Whatistheelectricfieldinthewire?
(b)Whatistheresistivityofthematerialofwhichthewireismade?
Answer: a)0.080V/m
b)4.010
-7
m
Var:50+
Chapter31 FundamentalsofCircuits
1) Asmoreresistorsareaddedinparallelacrossaconstantvoltagesource,thepowersupplied
bythesource
A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) doesnotchange.
Answer: A
Var:1
2) Thefigureshowsthreeidenticallightbulbsconnectedtoabatteryhavingaconstantvoltage
acrossitsterminals.Whathappenstothebrightnessoflightbulb1whentheswitch Sisclosed?
A) Thebrightnesswillincreasemomentarilythenreturntoitspreviouslevel.
B) Thebrightnessincreasespermanently.
C) Thebrightnesswilldecreasemomentarilythenreturntoitspreviouslevel.
D) Thebrightnessremainsthesameasbeforetheswitchisclosed.
E) Thebrightnessdecreasespermanently.
Answer: B
Var:1
3) Inthecircuitshowninthefigure,allthelightbulbsareidentical.Whichofthefollowingisthe
correctrankingofthebrightnessofthebulbs?
A) BandChaveequalbrightness,andA isthedimmest.
B) AandBhaveequalbrightness,andC isthedimmest.
C) Aisbrightest,Cisdimmest,andB isinbetween.
D) Aisthebrightest,andBandC haveequalbrightnessbutlessthanA.
E) Allthreebulbshavethesamebrightness.
Answer: D
Var:1
4) Inthecircuitshowninthefigure,fouridenticalresistorslabeledA toD areconnectedtoa
batteryasshown.S
1
andS
2
areswitches.Whichofthefollowingactionswouldresultinthe
GREATESTamountofcurrentthroughresistorA?
A) closingbothswitches
B) closingS
1
only
C) closingS
2
only
D) leavingbothswitchesopenasshown.
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter31:FundamentalsofCircuits
5) AresistorismadeoutofalongwirehavingalengthL.Eachendofthewireisattachedtoa
terminalofabatteryprovidingaconstantvoltage V
0
.AcurrentIflowsthroughthewire.Ifthe
wirewerecutinhalf,makingtwowiresoflengthL/2,andbothwireswereattachedtothe
battery(theendofbothwiresattachedtooneterminal,andtheotherendsattachedtothe
otherterminal),whatwouldbethetotalcurrentflowingthroughthetwowires?
A) 4I
B) 2I
C) I
D) I/2
E) I/4
Answer: A
Var:1
6) Alightbulbisconnectedinthecircuitshowninthefigurewiththeswitch Sopen.Allthe
connectingleadshavenoappreciableresistanceandthebatteryhasnointernalresistance.
Whenweclosetheswitch,whichstatementsbelowaccuratelydescribethebehaviorofthe
circuit?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Thebrightnessofthebulbwillincrease.
B) Thebrightnessofthebulbwilldecrease.
C) Thebrightnessofthebulbwillnotchange.
D) ThepotentialdropacrossR
2
willdecrease.
E) ThepotentialdropacrossR
2
willnotchange.
Answer: A,D
Var:1
7) Twolightbulbs,B
1
andB
2
,areconnectedtoabatteryhavingappreciableinternalresistanceas
showninthefigure.Whathappenstothebrightnessofbulb B
1
whenweclosetheswitchS?
A) ThebrightnessofB
1
increasespermanently.
B) ThebrightnessofB
1
decreasespermanently.
C) ThebrightnessofB
1
doesnotchange.
D) ThebrightnessofB
1
increasestemporarilybutgraduallydecreasesbacktoitsoriginal
brightness.
E) ThebrightnessofB
1
decreasestemporarilybutgraduallyincreasesbacktoitsoriginal
brightness.
Answer: B
Var:1
8) AgalvanometerGhasaninternalresistancer
g
.AnAMMETERisconstructedbyincorporating
thegalvanometerandanadditionalresistance R
s
.Whichoneofthefiguresbelowisthemost
appropriatecircuitdiagramfortheammeter?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: D
Var:1
9) AgalvanometerGhasaninternalresistancer
g
.AVOLTMETERisconstructedby
incorporatingthegalvanometerandanadditionalresistance R
s
.Whichoneofthefigures
belowisthemostappropriatecircuitdiagramforthevoltmeter?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: A
Var:1
10) Aresistorandacapacitorareconnectedinseriesacrossanidealbatteryhavingaconstant
voltageacrossitsterminals.Atthemomentcontactismadewiththebattery
(a)thevoltageacrossthecapacitoris
A) equaltothebatterysterminalvoltage.
B) lessthanthebatterysterminalvoltage,butgreaterthanzero.
C) equaltothebatterysterminalvoltage.
D) zero.
(b)thevoltageacrosstheresistoris
A) equaltothebatterysterminalvoltage.
B) lessthanthebatterysterminalvoltage,butgreaterthanzero.
C) equaltothebatterysterminalvoltage.
D) zero.
Answer: (a)D(b)C
Var:1
11) AnRCcircuitisconnectedacrossanidealDCvoltagesourcethroughanopenswitch.The
switchisclosedattimet=0s.Whichofthefollowingstatementsregardingthecircuitare
correct?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Thecapacitorchargestoitsmaximumvalueinonetimeconstantandthecurrentiszero
atthattime.
B) Thepotentialdifferenceacrosstheresistorandthepotentialdifferenceacrossthe
capacitorarealwaysequal.
C) Thepotentialdifferenceacrosstheresistorisalwaysgreaterthanthepotentialdifference
acrossthecapacitor.
D) Thepotentialdifferenceacrossthecapacitorisalwaysgreaterthanthepotential
differenceacrosstheresistor
E) Oncethecapacitorisessentiallyfullycharged,thereisnoappreciablecurrentinthe
circuit.
Answer: E
Var:1
12) Alightbulbisconnectedinthecircuitshowninthefigurewiththeswitch Sopenandthe
capacitoruncharged.Thebatteryhasnoappreciableinternalresistance.Whichoneofthe
followinggraphsbestdescribesthebrightnessBofthebulbasafunctionoftimetafterclosing
theswitch?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: B
Var:1
31.2 Problems
1) A5.0-resistoranda9.0-resistorareconnectedinparallel.A4.0-resistoristhen
connectedinserieswiththisparallelcombination.Anideal6.0-Vbatteryisthenconnected
acrosstheseries-parallelcombinationofthethreeresistors.Whatisthecurrentthrough
(a)the4.0-resistor?
(b)the5.0-resistor?
(c)the9.0-resistor?
Answer: (a)0.83A(b)0.53A(c)0.30A
Var:1
2) Forthecircuitshowninthefigure,determinethecurrentin
(a)the1.0-resistor.
(b)the3.0-resistor.
(c)the4.0-resistor.
Answer: (a)2.8A(b)1.2A(c)0.90A
Var:1
3) A4.00-resistor,an8.00-resistor,anda24.0-resistorareconnectedtogether.
(a)Whatisthemaximumresistancethatcanbeproducedusingallthreeresistors?
(b)Whatistheminimumresistancethatcanbeproducedusingallthreeresistors?
(c)Howwouldyouconnectthesethreeresistorstoobtainaresistanceof10.0?
(d)Howwouldyouconnectthesethreeresistorstoobtainaresistanceof8.00?
Answer: (a)36.0(b)2.40
(c)Connectthe8.00-and24.0-resistorsinparallelandthenconnectthis
combinationinserieswiththe4.00-resistor.
(d)Connectthe4.00-and8.00-resistorsinseriesandthenconnectthiscombination
inparallelwiththe24.0-resistor.
Var:1
4) ThirteenresistorsareconnectedacrosspointsA andB asshowninthefigure.Ifallthe
resistorsareaccurateto2significantfigures,whatistheequivalentresistancebetweenpoints
AandB?
A) 4.0
B) 6.0
C) 8.0
D) 10
E) 12
Answer: C
Var:1
5) Twounknownresistorsareconnectedtogether.Whentheyareconnectedinseriestheir
equivalentresistanceis15.Whentheyareconnectedinparallel,theirequivalentresistance
is3.3.Whataretheresistancesoftheseresistors?
Answer: 4.9and10
Var:1
6) Inthecircuitshowninthefigure,anidealohmmeterisconnectedacrossabwiththeswitchS
open.Alltheconnectingleadshavenegligibleresistance.Thereadingoftheohmmeterwillbe
closestto
A) 7.5.
B) 10.
C) 30.
D) 40.
E) 60.
Answer: A
Var:1
7) Threeresistorshavingresistancesof4.0,6.0,and10.0areconnectedinparallel.Ifthe
combinationisconnectedinserieswithanideal12-Vbatteryanda2.0-resistor,whatisthe
currentthroughthe10.0-resistor?
A) 0.59A
B) 2.7A
C) 6.4A
D) 11.2A
E) 16A
Answer: A
Var:1
8) Threeresistorsareconnectedacrossanideal2.0-VDCbatteryasshowninthefigure.
(a)Atwhatratedoesthebatterysupplyenergytotheresistors?
(b)Atwhatrateisheatproducedinthe6.0-resistor?
Answer: (a)3.0W(b)0.67W
Var:1
9) Fourresistorsareconnectedacrossan8-VDCbatteryasshowninthefigure.Thecurrent
throughthe9-resistorisclosestto
A) 1A.
B) 0.7A.
C) 0.5A.
D) 0.9A.
E) 2A.
Answer: B
Var:1
10) WhenfouridenticalresistorsareconnectedtoanidealbatteryofvoltageV=10Vasshownin
thefigure,thecurrentIisequalto0.20A.Whatisthevalueoftheresistance Roftheresistors?
A) 20
B) 40
C) 30
D) 50
E) 10
Answer: C
Var:1
11) TwoidenticalresistorsofresistanceR = 24andavariableresistorR
x
areconnectedtoan
idealbatteryofvoltageVasshowninthefigure.Whatshouldbethevalueofthevariable
resistanceR
x
tomakethevoltageacrossthetwoparallelresistorsequalto
V
5
.
A) 4.0
B) 24
C) 8.0
D) 16
E) 40
Answer: C
Var:1
12) Forthecircuitshowninthefigure,I=0.50AandR=12.Whatisthevalueoftheemf ?
A) 18V
B) 24V
C) 6.0V
D) 12V
E) 48V
Answer: B
Var:1
13) Forthecircuitshowninthefigure,thecurrentinthe8-resistoris0.50A,andallquantities
areaccurateto2significantfigures.Whatisthecurrentinthe2-resistor?
A) 2.25A
B) 0.75A
C) 4.5A
D) 9.5A
E) 6.4A
Answer: D
Var:1
14) Forthecircuitshowninthefigure,allquantitiesareaccurateto3significantfigures.Whatis
thepowerdissipatedinthe2-resistor?
A) 5.33W
B) 8.0W
C) 6.67W
D) 2.67W
E) 3.56W
Answer: E
Var:1
15) Whena20.0-ohmresistorisconnectedacrosstheterminalsofa12.0-Vbattery,thevoltage
acrosstheterminalsofthebatteryfallsby0.300V.Whatistheinternalresistanceofthis
battery?
A) 3.60
B) 1.56
C) 0.98
D) 0.30
E) 0.51
Answer: E
Var:1
16) Whatisthemaximumcurrentthatcanbedrawnfroma1.50-Vbatterywithaninternal
resistanceof0.30ohm?
A) 2.5A
B) 5.0A
C) 0.45A
D) 0.20A
E) 4.5A
Answer: B
Var:1
17) Whena100-resistorisconnectedacrosstheterminalsofabatteryofemfandinternal
resistancer,thebatterydelivers0.794Wofpowertothe100-resistor.Whenthe100-
resistorisreplacedbya200-resistor,thebatterydelivers0.401Wofpowertothe200-
resistor.Whataretheemfandinternalresistanceofthebattery?
A) =10.0V,r=5.02
B) =4.50V,r=4.00
C) =9.00V,r=2.04
D) =9.00V,r=1.01
E) =12.0V,r=6.00
Answer: D
Var:1
18) Forthecircuitshowninthefigure,whatcurrentdoestheidealammeterread?
A) 0.033A
B) 0.078A
C) 0.23A
D) 0.12A
Answer: A
Var:1
19) Forthecircuitshowninthefigure,whatisthecurrentthroughresistorR
1
?
A) 0.071A
B) 0.13A
C) 0.029A
D) 0.016A
Answer: A
Var:1
20) Forthecircuitshowninthefigure,whatisthecurrentthroughresistorR
3
?
A) 0.043A
B) 1.5A
C) 0.028A
D) 0.086A
Answer: A
Var:1
21) Forthecircuitshowninthefigure,determinethecurrentin
(a)the7.0-resistor.
(b)the8.0-resistor.
(c)the4.0-resistor.
Answer: (a)1.6A(b)1.3A(c)0.28A
Var:1
22) Forthecircuitshowninthefigure,allquantitiesareaccurateto2significantfigures.Whatis
thevalueofthecurrentI
1
?
A) 0.32A
B) 0.11A
C) 0.29A
D) 0.61A
E) 0.89A
Answer: D
Var:1
23) Amultiloopcircuitisshowninthefigure.Itisnotnecessarytosolvetheentirecircuit.The
currentI
2
isclosestto
A) -6A.
B) 6A.
C) 8A.
D) -8A.
E) zero.
Answer: A
Var:1
24) Amultiloopcircuitisshowninthefigure.Itisnotnecessarytosolvetheentirecircuit.
Comparedtothepolarityshowninthefigure,theemf
1
isclosestto
A) -5V.
B) 5V.
C) 45V.
D) 51V.
E) -51V.
Answer: A
Var:1
25) Amultiloopcircuitisshowninthefigure.Somecircuitquantitiesarenotlabeled.Itisnot
necessarytosolvetheentirecircuit.ThecurrentI
1
isclosestto
A) zero.
B) +0.2A.
C) +0.4A.
D) -0.2A.
E) -0.4A.
Answer: B
Var:1
necessarytosolvetheentirecircuit.Theemfisclosestto
A) +3V.
B) +19V.
C) -3V.
D) -10V.
E) -1V.
Answer: B
Var:1
necessarytosolvetheentirecircuit.ThecurrentI
2
isclosestto
A) +0.1A.
B) +0.3A.
C) +0.5A.
D) -0.1A.
E) -0.3A.
Answer: E
Var:1
28) Considerthecircuitshowninthefigure.Notethattwocurrentsareshown.Calculatetheemfs
1
and
3
.
Answer:
1
=28V,
3
=44V
Var:1
29) Agalvanometercoilhavingaresistanceof20andafull-scaledeflectionat1.0mAis
connectedinserieswitha4980resistancetobuildavoltmeter.Whatisthemaximum
voltagethatthisvoltmetercanread?
A) 3.0V
B) 1.0V
C) 50V
D) 5.0V
E) 10V
Answer: D
Var:1
30) Agalvanometerhasaninternalresistanceof100anddeflectsfull -scaleat2.00mA.What
sizeresistorshouldbeaddedtothegalvanometertoconvertittoamilliammetercapableof
readingupto4.00mA,andhowshouldthisresistorbeconnectedtothegalvanometer?
A) 50.0inserieswiththegalvanometer
B) 50.0inparallelwiththegalvanometer
C) 75.0inparallelwiththegalvanometer
D) 100inserieswiththegalvanometer
E) 100inparallelwiththegalvanometer
Answer: E
Var:1
31) Agalvanometerhasacoilwitharesistanceof24.0,andacurrentof180Acausesitto
deflectfullscale.Ifthisgalvanometeristobeusedtoconstructanammeterthatcanreadup
to10.0A,whatshuntresistorisrequired?
A) 123
B) 234
C) 342
D) 432
E) 423
Answer: D
Var:1
32) Agalvanometerhasaninternalresistanceof100anddeflectsfull -scaleatacurrentof2.00
mA.Whatsizeresistorshouldbeaddedtoittoconvertittoamillivoltmetercapableof
readingupto400mV,andhowshouldthisresistorbeconnectedtothegalvanometer?
A) 50.0inserieswiththegalvanometer
B) 50.0inparallelwiththegalvanometer
C) 75.0inparallelwiththegalvanometer
D) 100inserieswiththegalvanometer
E) 100inparallelwiththegalvanometer
Answer: D
Var:1
33) Agalvanometerwitharesistanceof40.0deflectsfullscaleatacurrentof2.0mA.What
resistanceshouldbeusedwiththisgalvanometerinordertoconstructavoltmeterthatcan
readamaximumof50V?
A) 25k
B) 27k
C) 29k
D) 31k
E) 35k
Answer: A
Var:1
34) Inthecircuitshowninthefigure,two360.0-resistorsareconnectedinserieswithanideal
sourceofemf.Avoltmeterwithinternalresistanceof6350isconnectedacrossoneofthe
resistorsandreads3.23V.Findtheemfofthesource.
Answer: 6.64V
Var:1
35) A6.0-Fcapacitorisconnectedinserieswith= 5.0M resistor,andthiscombinationis
connectedacrossanideal15-VDCbattery.Whatisthecurrentinthecircuitwhenthe
capacitorhasreached20%ofitsmaximumcharge?
A) 6.5A
B) 2.4A
C) 1.3A
D) 4.7A
E) 9.1A
Answer: B
Var:5
36) A4.0-mFcapacitorisdischargedthrougha 4.0-kresistor.Howlongwillittakeforthe
capacitortolosehalfitsinitialstoredenergy?
A) 9.2s
B) 2.7s
C) 10.2s
D) 5.5s
E) 1.6s
Answer: D
Var:5
37) Anuncharged1.0-Fcapacitorisconnectedinserieswitha23-k resistor,anideal7.0-V
battery,andanopenswitch.Whatisthevoltageacrossthecapacitor11msafterclosingthe
switch?
A) 2.7V
B) 1.6V
C) 2.6V
D) 0.62V
Answer: A
Var:50+
38) A4.0-Fcapacitorthatisinitiallyunchargedisconnectedinserieswitha4.0-kresistorand
anideal17.0-Vbattery.Howmuchenergyisstoredinthecapacitor17msafterthebatteryhas
beenconnected?
A) 250,000nJ
B) 15,000kJ
C) 25J
D) 890nJ
Answer: A
Var:1
39) Forthecircuitshowninthefigure,theswitchS isinitiallyopenandthecapacitoris
uncharged.Theswitchisthenclosedattimet=0.Howmanysecondsafterclosingtheswitch
willtheenergystoredinthecapacitorbeequalto50.2mJ?
A) 81s
B) 65s
C) 97s
D) 110s
E) 130s
Answer: A
Var:1
40) Forthecircuitshowninthefigure,theswitchS isinitiallyopenandthecapacitorvoltageis80
V.Theswitchisthenclosedattimet=0.Whatisthechargeonthecapacitorwhenthecurrent
inthecircuitis33A?
A) 1100C
B) 1000C
C) 960C
D) 890C
E) 830C
Answer: A
Var:1
41) Forthecircuitshowninthefigure,theswitchS isinitiallyopenandthecapacitorvoltageis80
V.Theswitchisthenclosedattimet=0.Howlongafterclosingtheswitchwillthecurrentin
theresistorbe7.0A?
A) 87s
B) 95s
C) 78s
D) 69s
E) 61s
Answer: A
Var:1
42) Anuncharged30.0-Fcapacitorisconnectedinserieswitha25.0-resistor,aDCbattery,
andanopenswitch.Thebatteryhasaninternalresistanceof10.0andtheopen -circuit
voltageacrossitsterminalsis50.0V.Theleadshavenoappreciableresistance.Attime t=0,
theswitchissuddenlyclosed.
(a)Whatisthemaximumcurrentthroughthe25.0-resistorandwhendoesitoccur
(immediatelyafterclosingtheswitchoraftertheswitchhasbeenclosedforalongtime)?
(b)Whatisthemaximumchargethatthecapacitorreceives?
(c)Whenthecurrentinthecircuitis0.850A,howmuchchargeisontheplatesofthe
capacitor?
Answer: (a)1.43A,immediatelyafterclosingtheswitch
(b)1500C(c)608C
Var:1
43) Forthecircuitshowninthefigure,thecapacitorsareallinitiallyuncharged,theconnecting
leadshavenoresistance,thebatteryhasnoappreciableinternalresistance,andtheswitch Sis
originallyopen.
(a)JustafterclosingtheswitchS,whatisthecurrentinthe15.0-resistor?
A)0.00A
B)1.67A
C)2.50A
D)3.33A
E)5.00A
(b)AftertheswitchShasbeenclosedforaverylongtime,whatisthepotentialdifference
acrossthe28.0-Fcapacitor?
A)0.00V
B)25.0V
C)3.33V
D)37.5V
E)50.0V
Answer: (a)A (b)B
Var:1
44) Thepowerratingofa400-resistoris0.800W.
(a)Whatisthemaximumvoltagethatcanbeappliedacrossthisresistorwithoutdamagingit?
(b)Whatisthemaximumcurrentthisresistorcandrawwithoutdamagingit?
Answer: (a)17.9V(b)44.7mA
Var:1
45) A110-Vhairdryerisratedat1200W.Whatcurrentwillitdrawwhenoperatingfroma
110-Velectricaloutlet?
A) 90mA
B) 1.0A
C) 5.0A
D) 11A
E) 14A
Answer: D
Var:1
46) Alightbulbisconnectedtoa110-Vsource.Whatistheresistanceofthisbulbifitisa100-W
bulb?
A) 100
B) 8.0m
C) 6.0m
D) 120
E) 240
Answer: D
Var:1
47) Acertainelectricfurnaceconsumes24kWwhenitisconnectedtoa240-Vline.Whatisthe
resistanceofthefurnace?
A) 1.0k
B) 10
C) 2.4
D) 0.42
E) 100
Answer: C
Var:1
48) A1500-Wheaterisconnectedtoa120-Vline.Howmuchheatenergydoesitproducein2.0
hours?
A) 1.5kJ
B) 3.0kJ
C) 0.18MJ
D) 11MJ
E) 18MJ
Answer: D
Var:1
49) Theresistivityofgoldis2.4410
-8
matroomtemperature.Agoldwirethatis1.8mmin
diameterand11cmlongcarriesacurrentof170mA.Howmuchpowerisdissipatedinthe
wire?
A) 0.030mW
B) 0.0076
mW
C) 0.013mW
D) 0.019mW
E) 0.025mW
Answer: A
Var:1
50) A400-Wcomputer(includingthemonitor)isturnedonfor8.0hoursperday.Ifelectricity
costs10perkWh,howmuchdoesitcosttorunthecomputerannuallyforatypical365-day
year?
A) $120
B) $1200
C) $15
D) $17
E) $150
Answer: A
Var:1
51) Thevoltageandpowerratingsofaparticularlightbulb,whichareitsnormaloperating
values,are110Vand60W.Assumetheresistanceofthefilamentofthebulbisconstantandis
independentofoperatingconditions.Ifthelightbulbisoperatedwithacurrentthatis50%of
thecurrentratingofthebulb,whatistheactualpowerdrawnbythebulb?
A) 10W
B) 15W
C) 20W
D) 25W
E) 30W
Answer: B
Var:1
52) Thevoltageandpowerratingsofaparticularlightbulb,whichareitsnormaloperating
values,are110Vand60W.Assumetheresistanceofthefilamentofthebulbisconstantandis
independentofoperatingconditions.Ifthelightbulbisoperatedatareducedvoltageandthe
powerdrawnbythebulbis36W,whatistheoperatingvoltageofthebulb?
A) 66V
B) 72V
C) 78V
D) 85V
E) 90V
Answer: D
Var:1
53) Theheaterelementofaparticular120-Vtoasterisa8.9-mlengthofnichromewire,whose
diameteris0.86mm.Theresistivityofnichromeattheoperatingtemperatureofthetoasteris
1.310
-6
m.Ifthetoasterisoperatedatavoltageof120V,howmuchpowerdoesit
draw?
A) 720W
B) 700W
C) 750W
D) 770W
E) 800W
Answer: A
Var:50+
54) Theemfandtheinternalresistanceofabatteryareasshowninthefigure.Ifacurrentof8.3A
isdrawnfromthebatterywhenaresistorRisconnectedacrosstheterminals abofthebattery,
whatisthepowerdissipatedbytheresistor R?
A) 440W
B) 700W
C) 620W
D) 530W
E) 790W
Answer: A
Var:1
55) Theemfandtheinternalresistanceofabatteryareasshowninthefigure.Whentheterminal
voltageV
ab
isequalto17.4V,whatisthecurrentthroughthebattery,includingitsdirection?
A) 6.8A,frombtoa
B) 8.7A,frombtoa
C) 6.8A,fromatob
D) 8.7A,fromatob
E) 16A,frombtoa
Answer: A
Var:1
56) Theemfandtheinternalresistanceofabatteryareshowninthefigure.Ifacurrentof7.8Ais
establishedthroughthebatteryfrombtoa,whatistheterminalvoltageV
ab
ofthebattery?
A) 30V
B) 80V
C) 30V
D) 80V
E) zero
Answer: A
Var:1
57) Inthefigureacurrentof6.0Aisdrawnfromthebattery.Whatistheterminalvoltage V
ab
of
thebattery?
A) 0.00V
B) +12V
C) +24V
D) 12V
E) 24V
Answer: A
Var:1
58) Inthefigure,whentheterminalvoltage V
ab
ofthebatteryisequalto20V,howmuchcurrent
passesthroughthebattery,includingitsdirection?
A) 4A,fromatob
B) 5A,fromatob
C) 6A,fromatob
D) 4A,frombtoa
E) 5A,frombtoa
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter32 TheMagneticField
1) Averticalwirecarriesacurrentstraightdown.Totheeastofthiswire,themagneticfield
points
A) towardthenorth.
B) towardtheeast.
C) towardthewest.
D) towardthesouth.
E) downward.
Answer: D
Var:1
2) Acurrentcarryingloopofwireliesflatonatabletop.Whenviewedfromabove,thecurrent
movesaroundtheloopinacounterclockwisesense.
(a)ForpointsOUTSIDEtheloop,themagneticfieldcausedbythiscurrent
A) circlestheloopinaclockwisedirection.
B) circlestheloopinacounterclockwisedirection.
C) pointsstraightup.
D) pointsstraightdown.
E) iszero.
(b)ForpointsINSIDEtheloop,themagneticfieldcausedbythiscurrent\
A) circlestheloopinaclockwisedirection.
B) circlestheloopinacounterclockwisedirection.
C) pointsstraightup.
D) pointsstraightdown.
E) iszero.
Answer: (a)D(b)C
Var:1
3) Ahorizontalwirecarriesacurrentstraighttowardyou.Fromyourpointofview,themagnetic
fieldatapointdirectlybelowthewirepoints
A) directlyawayfromyou.
B) totheleft.
C) totheright.
D) directlytowardyou.
E) verticallyupward.
Answer: C
Var:1
Chapter32:TheMagneticField
4) Anelectronmovinginthedirectionofthe+xaxisentersamagneticfield.Iftheelectron
experiencesamagneticdeflectioninthe-ydirection,thedirectionofthemagneticfieldinthis
regionpointsinthedirectionofthe
A) +zaxis.
B) -zaxis.
C) -xaxis.
D) +yaxis.
E) -yaxis.
Answer: B
Var:1
5) Anelectron,movingtowardthewest,entersauniformmagneticfield.Becauseofthisfieldthe
electroncurvesupward.Thedirectionofthemagneticfieldis
A) towardsthenorth.
B) towardsthesouth.
C) towardsthewest.
D) upward.
E) downward.
Answer: A
Var:1
6) Threeparticlestravelthrougharegionofspacewherethemagneticfieldisoutofthepage,as
showninthefigure.Theelectricchargeofeachofthethreeparticlesis,respectively,
A) 1isneutral,2isnegative,and3ispositive.
B) 1isneutral,2ispositive,and3isnegative.
C) 1ispositive,2isneutral,and3isnegative.
D) 1ispositive,2isnegative,and3isneutral.
E) 1isnegative,2isneutral,and3ispositive.
Answer: E
Var:1
7) Achargeisacceleratedfromrestthroughapotentialdifference V andthenentersauniform
magneticfieldorientedperpendiculartoitspath.Thefielddeflectstheparticleintoacircular
arcofradiusR.Iftheacceleratingpotentialistripledto3V,whatwillbetheradiusofthe
circulararc?
A) 9R
B) 3R
C) 3R
D) R/ 3
E) R/9
Answer: C
Var:1
8) IonshavingequalchargesbutmassesofM and2M areacceleratedthroughthesamepotential
differenceandthenenterauniformmagneticfieldperpendiculartotheirpath.Iftheheavier
ionsfollowacirculararcofradiusR,whatistheradiusofthearcfollowedbythelighter?
A) 4R
B) 3R
C) 2R
D) R/ 2
E) R/2
Answer: D
Var:1
9) Achargedparticleismovingwithspeedv perpendiculartoauniformmagneticfield.A
secondidenticalchargedparticleismovingwithspeed2vperpendiculartothesamemagnetic
field.Ifthefrequencyofrevolutionofthefirstparticleis f,thefrequencyofrevolutionofthe
secondparticleis
A) f.
B) 2f.
C) 4f.
D) f/2.
E) f/4.
Answer: A
Var:1
10) Averticalwirecarriesacurrentverticallyupwardinaregionwherethemagneticfieldvector
pointstowardthenorth.Whatisthedirectionofthemagneticforceonthiscurrentduetothe
field?
A) downward
B) towardthenorth
C) towardthesouth
D) towardtheeast
E) towardthewest
Answer: E
Var:1
11) Twolongparallelwiresplacedsidebysideonahorizontaltablecarryidenticalsizecurrents
inoppositedirections.Thewireonyourrightcarriescurrenttowardyou,andthewireonyour
leftcarriescurrentawayfromyou.Fromyourpointofview,themagneticfieldatthepoint
exactlymidwaybetweenthetwowires
A) pointsupward.
B) pointsdownward.
C) pointstowardyou.
D) pointsawayfromyou.
E) iszero.
Answer: B
Var:1
12) Thefigureshowstwolongwirescarryingequalcurrents I
1
andI
2
flowinginopposite
directions.WhichofthearrowslabeledAthroughDcorrectlyrepresentsthedirectionofthe
magneticfieldduetothewiresatapointlocatedatanequaldistancedfromeachwire?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) Themagneticfieldiszeroatthatpoint.
Answer: B
Var:1
13) Thefigureshowsfourdifferentsetsofinsulatedwiresthatcrosseachotheratrightangles
withoutactuallymakingelectricalcontact.Themagnitudeofthecurrentisthesameinallthe
wires,andthedirectionsofcurrentflowareasindicated.Forwhich(ifany)configurationwill
themagneticfieldatthecenterofthesquareformedbythewiresbeequaltozero?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) Thefieldisnotequaltozeroinanyofthesecases.
Answer: C
Var:1
14) Anegativelychargedparticleismovingtotheright,directlyaboveawirehavingacurrent
flowingtotheright,asshowninthefigure.Inwhichdirectionisthemagneticforceexertedon
theparticle?
A) intothepage
B) outofthepage
C) downward
D) upward
E) Themagneticforceiszerosincethevelocityisparalleltothecurrent.
Answer: D
Var:1
15) Twoverylongparallelwiresareadistanced apartandcarryequalcurrentsinopposite
directions.Thelocationswherethenetmagneticfieldduetothesecurrentsisequaltozeroare
A) midwaybetweenthewires.
B) adistanced/2totheleftoftheleftwireandalsoadistance d/2totherightoftheright
wire.
C) adistancedtotheleftoftheleftwireandalsoadistance d totherightoftherightwire.
D) adistanced/ 2totheleftoftheleftwireandalsoadistance d/ 2totherightoftheright
wire.
E) Thenetfieldisnotzeroanywhere.
Answer: E
Var:1
16) Twoverylongparallelwiresinthexyplane,adistance2a apart,areparalleltotheyaxisand
carryequalcurrentsIasshowninthefigure.The+zdirectionpointsperpendiculartothe
xyplaneinarighthandedcoordinatesystem.Ifbothcurrentsflowinthe+ydirection,which
oneofthegraphsshowninthefigurebelowbestrepresentsthe zcomponentofthenet
magneticfield,inthexyplane,asafunctionofx?(Caution:Thesegraphsarenotmagneticfield
lines.)
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: C
Var:1
17) Twoverylongparallelwiresinthexyplane,adistance2a apart,areparalleltotheyaxisand
carryequalcurrentsIasshowninthefigure.The+zdirectionpointsperpendiculartothe
xyplaneinarighthandedcoordinatesystem.Iftheleftcurrentflowsinthe+ydirectionand
therightcurrentflowsinthe-ydirection,whichoneofthegraphsshowninthefigurebelow
bestrepresentsthezcomponentofthenetmagneticfield,inthexyplane,asafunctionofx?
(Caution:Thesegraphsarenotmagneticfieldlines.)
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: D
Var:1
18) Thefigureshowsthreelong,parallelcurrentcarryingwires.Themagnitudesofthecurrents
areequalandtheirdirectionsareindicatedinthefigure.Whichofthearrowsdrawnnearthe
wirecarryingcurrent1correctlyindicatesthedirectionofthemagneticforceactingonthat
wire?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) Themagneticforceoncurrent1isequaltozero.
Answer: A
Var:1
19) Thefigureshowsthreelong,parallel,currentcarryingwires.Thecurrentdirectionsare
indicatedforcurrentsI
1
andI
3
.ThearrowlabeledFrepresentsthenetmagneticforceacting
oncurrentI
3
.Thethreecurrentshaveequalmagnitudes.Whatisthedirectionofthecurrent
I
2
?
A) intothepicture(inthedirectionoppositetothatofI
1
andI
3
)
B) horizontaltotheright
C) verticallyupward
D) verticallydownward
E) outofthepicture(inthesamedirectionasI
1
andI
3
)
Answer: A
Var:1
20) Alongstraightconductorhasaconstantcurrentflowingtotheright.Awirerectangleis
situatedabovethewire,andalsohasaconstantcurrentflowingthroughit(asshowninthe
figure).Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A) Thenetmagneticforceonthewirerectangleisupward,andthereisalsoanettorqueon
theit.
B) Thenetmagneticforceonthewirerectangleiszero,andthenettorqueonitiszero.
C) Thenetmagneticforceonthewirerectangleisdownward,andthereisalsoanettorque
ontheit.
D) Thenetmagneticforceonthewirerectangleiszero,butthereisanettorqueonit.
E) Thenetmagneticforceonthewirerectangleisdownward,andthenettorqueonitis
zero.
Answer: E
Var:1
21) Aringwithaclockwisecurrent(asseenfromabovethering)issituatedwithitscenterdirectly
aboveanotherring,whichhasacounterclockwisecurrent,asshowninthefigure.Inwhat
directionisthenetmagneticforceexertedonthetopring?
A) upward
B) downward
C) totheright
D) totheleft
E) Thenetforceiszero.
Answer: A
Var:1
22) Averylong,hollow,thinwalledconductingcylindricalshell(likeapipe)ofradius Rcarriesa
currentalongitslengthuniformlydistributedthroughoutthethinshell.Whichoneofthe
graphsshowninthefiguremostaccuratelydescribesthemagnitudeBofthemagneticfield
producedbythiscurrentasafunctionofthedistancerfromthecentralaxis?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: D
Var:1
23) Averylong,solid,conductingcylinderofradius R carriesacurrentalongitslengthuniformly
distributedthroughoutthecylinder.Whichoneofthegraphsshowninthefiguremost
accuratelydescribesthemagnitudeBofthemagneticfieldproducedbythiscurrentasa
functionofthedistancerfromthecentralaxis?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: A
Var:1
24) ConsiderasolenoidoflengthL,N windings,andradiusb (L ismuchlongerthanb).Acurrent
Iisflowingthroughthewire.Iftheradiusofthesolenoidweredoubled(becoming 2b),andall
otherquantitiesremainedthesame,themagneticfieldinsidethesolenoidwould
A) remainthesame.
B) becometwiceasstrong.
C) becomeonehalfasstrong.
Answer: A
Var:1
25) ConsiderasolenoidoflengthL,N windings,andradiusb (L ismuchlongerthanb).Acurrent
Iisflowingthroughthewire.Ifthelengthofthesolenoidbecametwiceaslong(2L),andall
otherquantitiesremainedthesame,themagneticfieldinsidethesolenoidwould
A) remainthesame.
B) becometwiceasstrong.
C) becomeonehalfasstrong.
Answer: C
Var:1
32.2 Problems
1) Anelectronmoveswithaspeedof8.0 10
6
m/salongthe+x-axis.Itentersaregionwhere
thereisamagneticfieldof2.5T,directedatanangleof60tothe +x-axisandlyinginthe
xy-plane.(1eV=1.6010
-19
C,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)Calculatethemagnitudeof
(a)themagneticforceontheelectron.
(b)theaccelerationoftheelectron.
Answer: (a)2.810
-12
N(b)3.010
18
m/s
2
Var:1
2) Anelectrontravelingtowardthenorthwithspeed4.0 10
5
m/sentersaregionwherethe
Earthsmagneticfieldhasthemagnitude5.0 10
-5
Tandisdirecteddownwardat45below
horizontal.WhatisthemagnitudeoftheforcethattheEarthsmagneticfieldexertsonthe
electron?(e=1.6010
-19
C)
A) 2.310
-18
N
B) 3.210
-18
N
C) 2.310
-19
N
D) 3.210
-19
N
E) 2.310
-20
N
Answer: A
Var:1
3) Auniformmagneticfieldofmagnitude0.80Tinthenegative z directionispresentinaregion
ofspace,asshowninthefigure.Auniformelectricfieldisalsopresentandissetat76,000V/m
inthe+ydirection.Anelectronisprojectedwithaninitialvelocityv
0
=9.510
4
m/sinthe+x
direction.Theycomponentoftheinitialforceontheelectronisclosesttowhichofthe
followingquantities?
(e=1.6010
-19
C)
A) 2.410
-14
N
B) +2.4
10
-14
N
C)
1.0
10
-14
N
D) +1.0
10
-14
N
E) zero
Answer: A
Var:1
4) Aparticlewithcharge-5.00Cinitiallymovesat v=(1.00 i
^
+7.00 j
^
)m/s.Ifitencountersa
magneticfield B=10.00Tk
^
,findthemagneticforcevectorontheparticle.
A) (-350 i
^
+50.0j
^
)N
B) (-350 i
^
-50.0 j
^
)N
C) (350 i
^
+50.0 j
^
)N
D) (350 i
^
-50.0 j
^
) N
Answer: A
Var:50+
5) Aproton,withmass1.6710
-27
kgandcharge+1.610
-19
C,issentwithvelocity7.110
4
m/sinthe+xdirectionintoaregionwherethereisauniformelectricfieldofmagnitude730
V/minthe+ydirection.Whatarethemagnitudeanddirectionoftheuniformmagneticfieldin
theregion,iftheprotonistopassthroughundeflected?Assumethatthemagneticfieldhasno
x-componentandneglectgravitationaleffects.
Answer: 0.010T,+zdirection
Var:1
6) Auniformmagneticfieldofmagnitude0.80Tinthenegative z-directionispresentinaregion
ofspace,asshowninthefigure.Auniformelectricfieldisalsopresent.Anelectronthatis
projectedwithaninitialvelocityv
0
=9.110
4
m/sinthepositivex-directionpassesthrough
theregionwithoutdeflection.Whatistheelectricfieldvectorintheregion?
A) -73kV/mj
^
B) +73kV/mi
^
C) +110kV/mi
^
D) +110kV/mj
^
E) -110kV/mj
^
Answer: A
Var:50+
7) Abeamofelectronsisacceleratedthroughapotentialdifferenceof10kVbeforeenteringa
regionhavinguniformelectricandmagneticfieldsthatareperpendiculartoeachotherand
perpendiculartothedirectioninwhichtheelectronismoving.Ifthemagneticfieldinthis
regionhasavalueof0.010T,whatmagnitudeoftheelectricfieldisrequirediftheparticlesare
tobeundeflectedastheypassthroughtheregion?
A) 2.310
3
V/m
B) 7.910
3
V/m
C) 5.910
5
V/m
D) 6.010
5
V/m
E) 7.210
6
V/m
Answer: C
Var:1
8) Anelectronmovingwithavelocity v=5.010
7
m/si
^
entersaregionofspacewhere
perpendicularelectricandamagneticfieldsarepresent.Theelectricfieldis E=j
^
.What
magneticfieldwillallowtheelectrontogothroughtheregionwithoutbeingdeflected?
A) B=+2.010
-4
Tj
^
B) B=2.010
-4
Tj
^
C) B=+2.010
-4
Tk
^
D) B=2.010
-4
Tk
^
E) B=+5.010
-4
Tk
^
Answer: C
Var:1
9) Thefigureshowsavelocityselectorthatcanbeusedtomeasurethespeedofacharged
particle.Abeamofparticlesisdirectedalongtheaxisoftheinstrument.Aparallelplate
capacitorsetsupanelectricfieldE,whichisorientedperpendiculartoauniformmagnetic
fieldB.Iftheplatesareseparatedby2.0mmandthevalueofthemagneticfieldis 0.60T,what
voltagebetweentheplateswillallowparticlesofspeed5.0 10
5
m/stopassstraightthrough
withoutdeflection?
A) 600V
B) 1900V
C) 3800V
D) 190V
E) 94V
Answer: A
Var:50+
10) Analphaparticleismovingataspeedof5.010
5
m/sinadirectionperpendiculartoa
uniformmagneticfieldofstrength0.040T.Thechargeonanalphaparticleis3.2 10
-19
Cand
itsmassis6.610
-27
kg.
(a)Whatistheradiusofthepathofthealphaparticle?
(b)Howlongdoesittakethealphaparticletomakeonecompleterevolutionarounditspath?
Answer: (a)0.26m(b)3.2s
Var:1
11) Anelectronmovingperpendiculartoauniformmagneticfieldof3.210
-2
Tmovesinacircle
ofradius0.40cm.Howfastisthiselectronmoving?(m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg.e=1.6010
-19
C)
A) 2.210
7
m/s
B) 1.910
-2
m/s
C) 1.910
-30
m/s
D) 3.010
6
m/s
E) 8.010
6
m/s
Answer: A
Var:1
12) Asshowninthefigure,asmallparticleofchargeq=-7.010
-6
Candmassm=3.110
-12
kg
hasvelocity
0
=9.410
3
m/sasitentersaregionofuniformmagneticfield.Theparticleis
observedtotravelinthesemicircularpathshown,withradius R=5.0cm.Calculatethe
magnitudeanddirectionofthemagneticfieldintheregion.
Answer: 0.083T,directedintothepaper
Var:50+
13) Aprotonstartingfromresttravelsthroughapotentialof1.0kVandthenmovesintoa
uniform0.040-Tmagneticfield.Whatistheradiusoftheprotonsresultingorbit?(m
proton
=
1.6710
-27
kg,e=1.6010
-19
C)
A) 0.080m
B) 0.11m
C) 0.14m
D) 0.17m
E) 0.19m
Answer: B
Var:1
14) Aprotonisfirstacceleratedfromrestthroughapotentialdifference V andthenentersa
uniform0.750-Tmagneticfieldorientedperpendiculartoitspath.Inthisfield,theproton
followsacirculararchavingaradiusofcurvatureof1.84cm.Whatwasthepotential
differenceV?(m
proton
=1.6710
-27
kg,e=1.6010
-19
C)
Answer: 9.12kV
Var:1
15) Achargedparticleofmass0.0020 kgissubjectedtoa6.0 T magneticfieldwhichactsataright
angletoitsmotion.Iftheparticlemovesinacircleofradius0.20m ataspeedof5.0m/s,what
isthemagnitudeofthechargeontheparticle?
A) 0.0083C
B) 120C
C) 0.00040C
D) 2500C
Answer: A
Var:50+
16) Inamassspectrometer,asingly-chargedparticle(chargee)hasaspeedof1.010
6
m/sand
entersauniformmagneticfieldof0.20T.Theradiusofthecircularorbitoftheparticleis0.020
m.Whatisthemassofthisparticle?(e=1.6010
-19
C)
A) 3.210
-28
kg
B) 6.410
-28
kg
C) 1.710
-27
kg
D) 4.510
-27
kg
E) 3.110
-31
kg
Answer: B
Var:1
17) Adoublychargedion(charge2e)withvelocity6.910
6
m/smovesinacircularpathof
diameter60.0cminamagneticfieldof0.80Tinamassspectrometer.Whatisthemassofthis
ion?(e=1.6010
-19
C)
A) 1110
-27
kg
B) 6.710
-27
kg
C) 4.510
-27
kg
D) 3.310
-27
kg
E) 8.210
-27
kg
Answer: A
Var:1
18) Anelectronentersamagneticfieldof0.75 T withavelocityperpendiculartothedirectionof
thefield.Atwhatfrequencydoestheelectrontraverseacircularpath? (m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,e
=1.6010
-19
C)
A) 2.110
10
Hz
B) 4.810
-7
Hz
C) 2.110
14
Hz
D) 4.810
-11
Hz
Answer: A
Var:50+
19) Alphaparticles(charge=+2e,mass=6.6810
-27
kg,e=1.6010
-19
C)areacceleratedina
cyclotrontoafinalorbitradiusof0.90m.Themagneticfieldinthecyclotronis 0.30T.The
periodofthecircularmotionofthealphaparticlesisclosestto
A) 0.44s.
B) 0.67s.
C) 0.87s.
D) 1.1s.
E) 1.3s.
Answer: A
Var:50+
20) AwireintheshapeofanMliesintheplaneofthepaper.Itcarriesacurrentof2.0A,flowing
frompointsAtoE,asshowninthefigure.Itisplacedinauniformmagneticfieldof0.75Tin
thesameplane,directedasshownontherightsideofthefigure.Thefigureindicatesthe
dimensionsofthewire.Whatarethemagnitudeanddirectionoftheforceactingon
(a)sectionABofthiswire?
(b)sectionBCofthiswire?
(c)sectionCDofthiswire?
(d)sectionDEofthiswire?
(e)theentirewire?
Answer: (a)0.11Nperpendicularoutofthepage
(b)0.00N
(c)0.090Nperpendicularoutofthepage
(d)0.11Nperpendicularintothepage
(e)0.090Nperpendicularoutofthepage
Var:1
21) Astraightwirethatis0.60mlongiscarryingacurrentof2.0A.Itisplacedinauniform
magneticfieldofstrength0.30T.Ifthewireexperiencesaforceof0.18N,whatangledoesthe
wiremakewithrespecttothemagneticfield?
A) 25
B) 30
C) 35
D) 60
E) 90
Answer: B
Var:1
22) Athincopperrodthatis1.0mlongandhasamassof0.050kgisinamagneticfieldof0.10T.
Whatminimumcurrentintherodisneededinorderforthemagneticforcetocancelthe
weightoftherod?
A) 1.2A
B) 2.5A
C) 4.9A
D) 7.6A
E) 9.8A
Answer: C
Var:1
23) Awirecarriesa4.0-Acurrentalongthe+x-axisthroughamagneticfield B=(5.0i
^
+7.0j
^
)T.
Ifthewireexperiencesaforceof30Nk
^
asaresult,howlongisthewire?
A) 1.1m
B) 0.87m
C) 1.5m
D) 0.63m
Answer: A
Var:1
24) Astraight15.0-gwirethatis2.00mlongcarriesacurrentof8.00A.Thiswireisaligned
horizontallyalongthewest-eastdirectionwiththecurrentgoingfromwesttoeast.Youwant
tosupportthewireagainstgravityusingtheweakestpossibleuniformexternalmagneticfield.
(a)Whichwayshouldthemagneticfieldpoint?
(b)Whatisthemagnitudeoftheweakestpossiblemagneticfieldyoucoulduse?
Answer: (a)fromsouthtonorth(b)9.19 10
-3
T
Var:1
25) AnL-shapedmetalmachinepartismadeoftwoequal-lengthsegmentsthatare
perpendiculartoeachotherandcarrya4.50-Acurrentasshowninthefigure.Thisparthasa
totalmassof3.80kgandatotallengthof3.00m,anditisinanexternal1.20 -Tmagneticfield
thatisorientedperpendiculartotheplaneofthepart,asshown.Whatisthemagnitudeofthe
NETmagneticforcethatthefieldexertsonthepart?
A) 8.10N
B) 11.5N
C) 16.2N
D) 22.9N
E) 32.4N
Answer: B
Var:1
26) Awiresegment1.2mlongcarriesacurrent I = 3.5Aandisorientedasshowninthefigure.A
uniformmagneticfieldofmagnitude0.50Tpointingtowardthexdirectionispresentas
shown.The+z-axispointsdirectlyintothepage.Whatisthemagneticforcevectoronthewire
segment?
A) +1.6Nj
^
B) 1.6Nk
^
C) +1.6Nk
^
D) (+1.3j
^
1.6k
^
)N
E) (1.3j
^
+1.6k
^
N
Answer: C
Var:1
27) Awiresegment1.2mlongcarriesacurrent I = 3.5A,andisorientedasshowninthefigure.
The+x-axispointsdirectlyintothepage.Auniformmagneticfieldofmagnitude0.50T
pointingtowardthexdirectionispresentasshown.Whatisthemagneticforcevectoronthe
wiresegment?
A) (+1.1j
^
1.8k
^
)N
B) (1.1j
^
+1.8k
^
)N
C) (1.1j
^
1.8k
^
)N
D) (+1.8j
^
1.1k
^
)N
E) (1.8j
^
+1.1k
^
)N
Answer: D
Var:1
28) Awirealongthez-axiscarriesacurrentof6.8 Ainthe+z direction.Findthemagnitudeand
directionoftheforceexertedona6.1-cmlonglengthofthewirebyauniformmagneticfield
withmagnitude0.36Tinthe-xdirection.
Answer: 0.15N,-ydirection
Var:50+
29) A15-turnrectangularloopofwireofwidth10cmandlength20cmhasacurrentof2.5A
flowingthroughit.Twosidesoftheloopareorientedparalleltoauniformmagneticfieldof
strength0.037T,andtheothertwosidesareperpendiculartothemagneticfield.
(a)Whatisthemagnitudeofthemagneticmomentoftheloop?
(b)Whattorquedoesthemagneticfieldexertontheloop?
Answer: (a)0.75Am
2
(b)0.028Nm
Var:1
30) Arectangularloopofwirecarryinga4.0-Acurrentisplacedinamagneticfieldof0.60T.The
magnitudeofthetorqueactingonthiswirewhentheplaneoftheloopmakesa30anglewith
thefieldismeasuredtobe1.1Nm.Whatistheareaofthisloop?
A) 0.20m
2
B) 0.40m
2
C) 0.26m
2
D) 0.80m
2
E) 0.53m
2
Answer: E
Var:1
31) Acircularloopofdiameter10cm,carryingacurrentof0.20A,isplacedinsideamagnetic
field B=0.30Tk
^
.Thenormaltotheloopisparalleltoaunitvector n
^
=-0.60i
^
-0.80j
^
.
Calculatethemagnitudeofthetorqueontheloopduetothemagneticfield.
A) 4.710
-4
Nm
B) 2.810
-4
Nm
C) 0.6010
-4
Nm
D) 1.210
-4
Nm
E) zero
Answer: A
Var:1
32) Arigidrectangularloop,whichmeasures0.30mby0.40m,carriesacurrentof5.5A,as
showninthefigure.Auniformexternalmagneticfieldofmagnitude2.9Tinthenegative x
directionispresent.SegmentCDisinthexz-planeandformsa35anglewiththe z-axis,as
shown.Findthemagnitudeoftheexternaltorqueneededtokeeptheloopinstatic
equilibrium.
A) 1.1Nm
B) 0.73Nm
C) 1.3Nm
D) 1.4Nm
E) 1.6Nm
Answer: A
Var:1
33) Arigidcircularloophasaradiusof0.20mandisinthexy-plane.AclockwisecurrentI is
carriedbytheloop,asshown.Themagnitudeofthemagneticmomentoftheloopis0.75A
m
2
.Auniformexternalmagneticfield,B=0.20Tinthepositivex-direction,ispresent.
(a)Whatisthecurrentintheloop?
(b)Findthemagnitudeofthemagnetictorqueexertedontheloop.
(c)Iftheloopisreleasedfromrest,inwhatdirectionwillpoints aandcinitiallymove?
Answer: (a)6.0A(b)0.15N m
(c)amovesoutoftheplaneand cmovesintotheplane
Var:1
34) Acircularcoilofwireof200turnsanddiameter 2.0cmcarriesacurrentof4.0A.Itisplacedin
amagneticfieldof0.70Twiththeplaneofthecoilmakinganangleof30withthemagnetic
field.Whatisthemagnetictorqueonthecoil?
A) 0.15Nm
B) 0.088Nm
C) 0.29Nm
D) 0.40Nm
E) 0.076Nm
Answer: A
Var:50+
35) ApointchargeQmovesonthex-axisinthepositivedirectionwithaspeedof280m/s. A
pointPisonthey-axisaty=+70mm.ThemagneticfieldproducedatthepointP,asthe
chargemovesthroughtheorigin,isequalto -0.30Tk
^
.WhatisthechargeQ?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) -53C
B) +53C
C) -39C
D) +39C
E) +26C
Answer: A
Var:50+
36) ApointchargeQmovesonthex-axisinthepositivedirectionwithaspeedof370m/s. A
pointPisonthey-axisaty=+80mm.ThemagneticfieldproducedatpointP,asthecharge
movesthroughtheorigin,isequalto-0.80Tk
^
.Whenthechargeisatx=+40mm,whatisthe
magnitudeofthemagneticfieldatpointP?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 0.57T
B) 0.74T
C) 0.92T
D) 1.1T
E) 1.3T
Answer: A
Var:50+
37) Atwhatdistancefromthecentralaxisofalongstraightthinwirecarryingacurrentof5.0Ais
themagnitudeofthemagneticfieldduetothewireequaltothestrengthoftheEarths
magneticfieldofabout5.010
-5
T?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 1.0cm
B) 2.0cm
C) 3.0cm
D) 4.0cm
E) 5.0cm
Answer: B
Var:1
38) Averylongthinwireproducesamagneticfieldof0.005010
-4
Tatadistanceof3.0mm.
fromthecentralaxisofthewire.Whatisthemagnitudeofthecurrentinthewire?(
0
=4
10
-7
Tm/A)
A) 7.5mA
B) 1.7mA
C) 3300mA
D) 24,000mA
Answer: A
Var:27
39) Themagneticfieldatadistanceof2cmfromacurrentcarryingwireis4T.Whatisthe
magneticfieldatadistanceof4cmfromthewire?
A) 1/2T
B) 1T
C) 2T
D) 4T
E) 8T
Answer: C
Var:1
40) Twolongparallelwirescarrycurrentsof20Aand5.0Ainoppositedirections.Thewiresare
separatedby0.20m.Whatisthemagnitudeofthemagneticfieldmidwaybetweenthetwo
wires?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 1.010
-5
T
B) 2.010
-5
T
C) 3.010
-5
T
D) 4.010
-5
T
E) 5.010
-5
T
Answer: E
Var:1
41) Twolongparallelwirescarrycurrentsof10Ainoppositedirections.Theyareseparatedby40
cm.Whatisthemagnitudeofthemagneticfieldintheplaneofthewiresatapointthatis20
cmfromonewireand60cmfromtheother?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 1.5T
B) 3.3T
C) 6.7T
D) 33T
E) 67T
Answer: C
Var:1
42) Thefigureshowstwolong,parallelcurrent-carryingwires.Thewirescarryequalcurrents I
1
=I
2
=20Ainthedirectionsindicatedandarelocatedadistance d=0.5mapart.Calculatethe
magnitudeanddirectionofthemagneticfieldatthepoint Pthatislocatedanequaldistanced
fromeachwire.(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 8Tdownward
B) 8Tupward
C) 4Tdownward
D) 4Tupward
E) 4Ttotheright
Answer: B
Var:1
43) Threeverylong,straight,parallelwireseachcarrycurrentsof4.00A,directedoutofthepage
asshowninthefigure.Thewirespassthroughtheverticesofarightisoscelestriangleofside
2.00cm.Whatisthemagnitudeofthemagneticfieldatpoint Patthemidpointofthe
hypotenuseofthetriangle?
A) 4.4210
-6
T
B) 1.7710
-5
T
C) 5.6610
-5
T
D) 1.2610
-4
T
E) 1.7710
-6
T
Answer: C
Var:1
44) Asshowninthefigure,twolongstraightwiresareseparatedbyadistanceofd=0.80m. The
currentsareI
1
=2.0AtotherightintheupperwireandI
2
=7.0Atotheleftinthelowerwire.
Whatarethemagnitudeanddirectionofthemagneticfieldatpoint P,whichisadistance
d/2=0.40mbelowthelowerwire?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
Answer: B=3.210
-6
T,directedoutoftheplaneofthepaper.
Var:50+
45) Asshowninthefigure,arectangularcurrentloopiscarryingcurrentI
1
=3.0A,inthe
directionshown,andislocatednearalongwirecarryingacurrent I
w
.Thelongwireisparallel
tothesidesoftherectangle.Therectangleloophaslength0.80manditssidesare0.10mand
0.70mfromthewire,asshown.Wemeasurethatthenetforceontherectangularloopis
4.910
-6
Nandisdirectedtowardsthewire.(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
(a)Whatisthemagnitudeofthecurrent I
w
?
(b)InwhichdirectiondoesI
w
flow:fromtoptobottomorfrombottomtotopinthesketch?
Answer: (a)1.2A(b)frombottomtotop
Var:50+
46) Averylongstraightwirecarriesa12-Acurrenteastwardandasecondverylongstraightwire
carriesa14-Acurrentwestward.Thewiresareparalleltoeachotherandare42cmapart.
Calculatetheforceona6.4mlengthofoneofthewires.(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 8.010
-7
N
B) 5.110
-4
N
C) 8.010
-5
N
D) 5.110
-6
N
E) 2.210
-4
N
Answer: B
Var:1
47) Arectangularloopofwiremeasures1.0mby1.0cm.Ifa7.0-Acurrentflowsthroughthe
wire,whatisthemagnitudeofthemagneticforceonthecentermost1.0-cmsegmentofthe
1.0-msideoftheloop?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 9.810
-6
N
B) 7.810
-7
N
C) 9.810
-8
N
D) 4.910
-6
N
Answer: A
Var:1
48) Acircularloopofwireofradius10cmcarriesacurrentof6.0A.Whatisthemagnitudeofthe
magneticfieldatthecenteroftheloop?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 3.810
-5
T
B) 3.810
-7
T
C) 1.210
-5
T
D) 1.210
-7
T
E) 3.810
-8
T
Answer: A
Var:1
49) Awirecarryingacurrentisshapedintheformofacircularloopofradius3.0mm.Ifthe
magneticfieldstrengththatthiscurrentproducesatthecenteroftheloopis1.1mT,whatis
themagnitudeofthecurrentthatflowsthroughthewire?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 5.3A
B) 16A
C) 9.1A
D) 23A
Answer: A
Var:30
50) TwocoaxialcircularcoilsofradiusR = 15 cm,eachcarrying 4.0Ainthesamedirection,are
positionedadistanced=20cmapart,asshowninthefigure.Calculatethemagnitudeofthe
magneticfieldhalfwaybetweenthecoilsalongthelineconnectingtheircenters.(
0
=4
10
-7
Tm/A)
A) 0.9010
-5
T
B) 3.910
-5
T
C) 1.910
-5
T
D) 6.310
-5
T
E) 9.210
-5
T
Answer: C
Var:5
51) Alongstraightverythinwireonthey-axiscarriesa10-Acurrentinthepositivey-direction.
Acircularloop0.50minradius,alsoofverythinwireandlyinginthe yz-plane,carriesa
9.0-Acurrent,asshown.PointPisonthepositivex-axis,atadistanceof0.50mfromthe
centeroftheloop.WhatisthemagneticfieldvectoratpointPduetothesetwocurrents?(
0
=
410
-7
Tm/A)
A) zero
B) 8.010
-6
Tk
^
C) (+4.010
-6
T)i
^
(4.010
-6
T)k
^
D) (4.010
-6
T)i
^
(4.010
-6
T)k
^
E) (4.010
-6
T)i
^
(8.010
-6
T)k
^
Answer: D
Var:1
52) Alongstraightwireonthez-axiscarriesacurrentof6.0Ainthepositivedirection.Acircular
loopinthexy-plane,ofradius10cm,carriesa1.0-Acurrent,asshowninthefigure.PointP,
atthecenteroftheloop,is25cmfromthe z-axis.AnelectronisprojectedfromPwitha
velocityof1.010
6
m/sinthenegativex-direction.Whatistheycomponentoftheforceon
theelectron?(e=1.6010
-19
C,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 1.010
-18
N
B) +1.010
-18
N
C) 2.010
-18
N
D) +2.010
-18
N
E) zero
Answer: A
Var:1
53) Twocircularcoilsofdiameter30.0cmareparalleltoeachotherandhavetheircentersalong
thesamelineLbutseparatedby22.0cm.Whenanexperimenterviewsthecoilsalong L,the
coilclosertohercarriesaclockwisecurrentof2.50A.Findthemagnitudeandsense
(clockwiseorcounterclockwise)ofthecurrentneededintheothercoilsothatthenetmagnetic
fieldonLmidwaybetweenthetwocoilswillhaveamagnitudeof4.10Tandpointaway
fromtheexperimenterwhoisviewingthecoilsalong L.(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
Answer: 0.633A,counterclockwise
Var:1
54) Asshowninthefigure,aninsulatedwireisbentintoacircularloopofradius6.0cmandhas
twolongstraightsections.Theloopisinthexy-plane,withthecenterattheorigin.The
straightsectionsareparalleltothez-axis.Thewirecarriesacurrentof8.0A.Whatisthe
magnitudeofthemagneticfieldattheorigin?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 75T
B) 81T
C) 88T
D) 110T
E) 120T
Answer: C
Var:1
55) Asshowninthefigure,awireisbentintotheshapeofatightlyclosedomega(),witha
circularloopofradius4.0cmandtwolongstraightsections.Theloopisinthe xy-plane,with
thecenterattheorigin.Thestraightsectionsareparalleltothex-axis.Thewirecarriesa5.0-A
current,asshown.Whatisthemagnitudeofthemagneticfieldatthecenteroftheloop? (
0
=
410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 25T
B) 40T
C) 54T
D) 80T
E) 104T
Answer: C
Var:1
56) Atypeoftransmissionlineforelectromagneticwavesconsistsoftwoparallelconducting
plates(assumedinfiniteinwidth)separatedbyadistance a.Eachplatecarriesthesame
uniformsurfacecurrentdensityof16.0A/m,butthecurrentsruninoppositedirections.What
isthemagnitudeofthemagneticfieldbetweentheplatesatapoint1.00mmfromoneofthe
platesifa=0.800cm?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 3.2010
-3
T
B) 1.0010
-5
T
C) 4.6310
-5
T
D) 2.0110
-5
T
E) 7.0710
-4
T
Answer: D
Var:1
57) Acoaxialcableconsistsofaninnercylindricalconductorofradius R
1
= 0.040montheaxisof
anouterhollowcylindricalconductorofinnerradiusR
2
=0.080mandouterradius
R
3
=0.090m.TheinnerconductorcarriescurrentI
1
=4.40Ainonedirection,andtheouter
conductorcarriescurrentI
2
=7.70Aintheoppositedirection.Whatisthemagnitudeofthe
magneticfieldatthefollowingdistancesfromthecentralaxisofthecable? (
0
=410
-7
T
m/A)
(a)Atr=0.060m(inthegapmidwaybetweenthetwoconductors)
(b)Atr=0.150m(outsidethecable)
Answer: (a)B=1.4710
-5
T
(b)B=4.4010
-6
T
Var:50+
58) Thefigureshowsthecross-sectionofahollowcylinderofinnerradiusa=5.0cmandouter
radiusb=7.0cm.Auniformcurrentdensityof1.0A/cm
2
flowsthroughthecylinderparallel
toitsaxis.Calculatethemagnitudeofthemagneticfieldatadistanceof d=10cmfromthe
axisofthecylinder.(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 0.00T
B) 1.510
-4
T
C) 2.510
-4
T
D) 4.510
-4
T
E) 0.5010
-4
T
Answer: B
Var:1
59) Atubewitha3.0-mmradiushasionsflowingthroughitalongitslength.Todeterminethe
rateatwhichthechargeisbeingmovedthroughthetube,themagneticfieldjustoutsidethe
tubeismeasuredandfoundtobe 44.010
-4
T.Iftheonlycontributortothemagneticfieldis
themovingions,andifthewallsofthecontainerareverythinanddonotscreenmagnetism,
whatisthemagnitudeofthecurrentflowingthroughthetube?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 66A
B) 132A
C) 829A
D) 415A
Answer: A
Var:50+
60) Along,straightwirewith3.0A currentflowingthroughitproducesmagneticfieldstrength
1.0Tatitssurface.Ifthewirehasaradius R,wherewithinthewireisthefieldstrengthequal
to36.0%ofthefieldstrengthatthesurfaceofthewire?Assumethatthecurrentdensityis
uniformthroughoutthewire.(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 0.36R
B) 0.060R
C) 0.64R
D) 0.030R
Answer: A
Var:50+
61) Ahollowcylinderwithaninnerradiusof4.0 mm andanouterradiusof30mmconductsa
3.0-Acurrentflowingparalleltotheaxisofthecylinder.Ifthecurrentdensityisuniform
throughoutthewire,whatisthemagnitudeofthemagneticfieldatapoint 12mmfromits
center?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 7.210
-6
T
B) 8.010
-6
T
C) 8.910
-7
T
D) 7.110
-8
T
Answer: A
Var:50+
62) Asolenoidwith400turnshasaradiusof0.040mandis40cmlong.Ifthissolenoidcarriesa
currentof12A, whatisthemagnitudeofthemagneticfieldnearthecenterofthesolenoid?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 16mT
B) 4.9mT
C) 15mT
D) 6.0mT
E) 9.0mT
Answer: C
Var:5
63) AsolenoidhavingNturnsandcarryingacurrentof2.000Ahasalengthof34.00cm.Ifthe
magnitudeofthemagneticfieldgeneratedatthecenterofthesolenoidis 9.000mT,whatisthe
valueofN?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 860.0
B) 1591
C) 2318
D) 3183
E) 1218
Answer: E
Var:5
64) Acylindricalinsulatedwireofdiameter 5.0mmistightlywound200 timesarounda
cylindricalcoretoformasolenoidwithadjacentcoilstouchingeachother.Whena0.10A
currentissentthroughthewire,whatisthemagnitudeofthemagneticfieldontheaxisofthe
solenoidnearitscenter?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 6.610
-5
T
B) 2.510
-5
T
C) 1.310
-5
T
D) 3.610
-5
T
E) 9.810
-5
T
Answer: B
Var:5
65) Asolenoidiswoundwith970 turnsonaform4.0cmindiameterand50cmlong.The
windingscarryacurrentIinthesensethatisshowninthefigure.Thecurrentproducesa
magneticfield,ofmagnitude4.3mT,nearthecenterofthesolenoid.Findthecurrentinthe
solenoidwindings.(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 1.8A
B) 1.5A
C) 1.3A
D) 2.2A
E) 2.0A
Answer: A
Var:50+
66) Asolenoidoflength18cmconsistsofcloselyspacedcoilsofwirewrappedtightlyarounda
woodencore.Themagneticfieldstrengthis2.0mTinsidethesolenoidnearitscenterwhena
certaincurrentflowsthroughthecoils.Ifthecoilsofthesolenoidarenowpulledapart
slightly,stretchingitto21cmwithoutappreciablychangingthesizeofthecoils,whatdoesthe
magneticfieldbecomenearthecenterofthesolenoidwhenthesamecurrentflowsthrough
thecoils?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 1.7mT
B) 3.4mT
C) 0.85mT
D) 2.0mT
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter33 ElectromagneticInduction
1) Thethreeloopsofwireshowninthefigureareallsubjecttothesameuniformmagneticfield
Bthatdoesnotvarywithtime.Loop1oscillatesbackandforthasthebobinapendulum,loop
2rotatesaboutaverticalaxis,andloop3oscillatesupanddownattheendofaspring.Which
loop,orloops,willhaveanemfinducedinthem?
A) loop1only
B) loop2only
C) loop3only
D) loops1and2
E) loops2and3
Answer: B
Var:1
2) Alargemagneticfluxchangethroughacoilmustinduceagreateremfinthecoilthanasmall
fluxchange.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
3) Acircularloopofwireliesintheplaneofthepaper.Anincreasingmagneticfieldpointsoutof
thepaper.Whatisthedirectionoftheinducedcurrentintheloop?
A) counterclockwisethenclockwise
B) clockwisethencounterclockwise
C) clockwise
D) counterclockwise
E) Thereisnocurrentinducedintheloop.
Answer: C
Var:1
4) Acoilliesflatonatabletopinaregionwherethemagneticfieldvectorpointsstraightup.The
magneticfieldvanishessuddenly.Whenviewedfromabove,whatisthedirectionofthe
inducedcurrentinthiscoilasthefieldfades?
A) counterclockwisethenclockwise
B) clockwisethencounterclockwise
C) clockwise
D) counterclockwise
E) Thereisnocurrentinducedinthecoil.
Answer: D
Var:1
5) ThelongstraightwireinthefigurecarriesacurrentI thatisdecreasingwithtimeataconstant
rate.ThecircularloopsA,B,andCalllieinaplanecontainingthewire.Theinducedemfin
eachoftheloopsA,B,andCissuchthat
A) noemfisinducedinanyoftheloops.
B) acounterclockwiseemfisinducedinalltheloops.
C) loopAhasaclockwiseemf,loopBhasnoinducedemf,andloopChasa
counterclockwiseemf.
D) loopAhasacounterclockwiseemf,loopBhasnoinducedemf,andloopChasa
clockwiseemf.
E) loopAhasacounterclockwiseemf,loopsBandChaveclockwiseemfs.
Answer: D
Var:1
Chapter33:ElectromagneticInduction
6) Thefigureshowsabarmagnetmovingverticallyupwardtowardahorizontalcoil.Thepoles
ofthebarmagnetsarelabeledXandY.Asthebarmagnetapproachesthecoilitinducesan
electriccurrentinthedirectionindicatedonthefigure(counterclockwiseasviewedfrom
above).Whatarethecorrectpolaritiesofthemagnet?
A) Xisasouthpole,Yisanorthpole.
B) Xisanorthpole,Yisasouthpole.
C) BothXandYarenorthpoles.
D) BothXandYaresouthpoles.
E) Thepolaritiesofthemagnetcannotbedeterminedfromtheinformationgiven.
Answer: A
Var:1
7) Aclosed,circularloophasacounterclockwisecurrentflowingthroughitasviewedbya
personontheright,asshowninthefigure.Ifasecondclosedcircularloopwiththesame
radiusapproachesthisloopwithconstantvelocityalongacommonaxisasshown,inwhat
directionwillacurrentflowintheapproachingloopasviewedbythepersonontheright?
A) clockwise
B) counterclockwise
C) Nocurrentwillbeinducedbecausethevelocityofapproachisconstant.
Answer: A
Var:1
8) Acircularmetalringissituatedabovealongstraightwire,asshowninthefigure.Thestraight
wirehasacurrentflowingtotheright,andthecurrentisincreasingintimeataconstantrate.
Whichstatementistrue?
A) Thereisaninducedcurrentinthemetalring,flowinginaclockwisedirection.
B) Thereisaninducedcurrentinthemetalring,flowinginacounterclockwisedirection.
C) Thereisnoinducedcurrentinthemetalringbecausethecurrentinthewireischanging
ataconstantrate.
Answer: A
Var:1
9) Inthefigure,astraightwirecarriesasteadycurrentI perpendiculartotheplaneofthepage.A
barisincontactwithapairofcircularrails,androtatesaboutthestraightwire.Thedirection
oftheinducedcurrentthroughtheresistorRis
A) fromatob.
B) frombtoa.
C) Thereisnoinducedcurrentthroughtheresistor.
Answer: C
Var:1
10) Inthefigure,theinnerloopcarriesaclockwisecurrent I thatisincreasing.TheresistorR isin
theouterloopandbothloopsareinthesameplane.Theinducedcurrentthroughtheresistor
Ris
A) fromatob.
B) frombtoa.
Answer: A
Var:1
11) Inthefigure,abarmagnetmovesawayfromthesolenoid.Theinducedcurrentthroughthe
resistorRis
A) fromatob.
B) frombtoa.
Answer: A
Var:1
12) Inthefigure,acopperbarisincontactwithapairofparallelmetalrailsandisinmotionwith
velocity.Auniformmagneticfieldispresentpointingdownward,asshown.Thebar,the
rails,andtheresistorRareallinthesameplane.Theinducedcurrentthroughtheresistor Ris
A) fromatob.
B) frombtoa.
Answer: C
Var:1
13) Inthefigure,twoparallelwirescarrycurrentsofmagnitude I inoppositedirections.A
rectangularloopismidwaybetweenthewires.Thecurrent Iisdecreasingwithtime.The
inducedcurrentthroughtheresistorRis
A) fromatob.
B) frombtoa.
Answer: A
Var:1
14) Abarmagnetisheldverticallywithitsupperendalittlebitbelowthecenterofahorizontal
metalring.Theupperendofthemagnetisitsnorthpole,asshowninthefigure.Thebar
magnetisnowdropped.Anobserverviewstheringfromaboveitscenter.Tothisobserver,
howwilltheinducedcurrentintheringbehaveasthemagnetfalls?
A) Thecurrentwillflowclockwiseandbeincreasing.
B) Thecurrentwillflowclockwiseandbedecreasing.
C) Thecurrentwillflowcounterclockwiseandbeincreasing.
D) Thecurrentwillflowcounterclockwiseandbedecreasing.
E) Theinducedcurrentwillbezero.
Answer: D
Var:1
15) Inthefigure,twosolenoidsaresidebyside.TheswitchS,initiallyopen,isclosed.The
inducedcurrentthroughtheresistorRis
A) fromatob.
B) frombtoa.
Answer: B
Var:1
16) Inthefigure,twosolenoidsareapproachingeachotherwithspeed v asshown.Theinduced
currentthroughtheresistorRis
A) fromatob.
B) frombtoa.
Answer: A
Var:1
17) Inthefigure,astraightwirecarriesacurrent I.Thewirepassesthroughthecenterofa
toroidalcoil.Ifthecurrentinthewireisquicklyreducedtozero,theinducedcurrentthrough
theresistorRis
A) fromatob.
B) frombtoa.
Answer: B
Var:1
18) Inthefigure,aCshapedconductorisinauniformmagneticfield B,whichisincreasing.The
polarityoftheinducedemfinterminalsXandYis
A) XandYareatthesamepotential.
B) XispositiveandYisnegative.
C) XisnegativeandYispositive.
Answer: C
Var:1
19) ThefigureshowsthreemetalcoilslabeledA,B,andCheadingtowardsaregionwherea
uniformstaticmagneticfieldexists.Thecoilsmovewiththesameconstantvelocityandall
havethesameresistance.Theirrelativesizesareindicatedbythebackgroundgrid.Asthey
enterthemagneticfieldthecoilswillhaveaninducedelectriccurrentinthem.Forwhichcoil
willthecurrentbethegreatest?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) Thecurrentisthesameinallthreecasessinceallthecoilsmovewiththesamevelocity.
E) Thereisnoinducedcurrentinanyofthecoilssincetheymoveatconstantvelocity.
Answer: C
Var:1
20) AcapacitorischarginginasimpleRC circuitwithadcbattery.Whichoneofthefollowing
statementsaboutthiscapacitorisaccurate?
A) Thereisamagneticfieldbetweenthecapacitorplatesbecausechargetravelsbetweenthe
platesbyjumpingfromoneplatetotheother.
B) Thereisnomagneticfieldbetweenthecapacitorplatesbecausenochargetravels
betweentheplates.
C) Thereisamagneticfieldbetweenthecapacitorplates,eventhoughnochargetravels
betweenthem,becausethemagneticfluxbetweentheplatesischanging.
D) Thereisamagneticfieldbetweenthecapacitorplates,eventhoughnochargetravels
betweenthem,becausetheelectricfluxbetweentheplatesischanging.
E) Themagneticfieldbetweenthecapacitorplatesisincreasingwithtimebecausethe
chargeontheplatesisincreasing.
Answer: D
Var:1
21) Aresistorandanidealinductorareconnectedinseriestoanidealbatteryhavingaconstant
terminalvoltageV
0
.Atthemomentcontactismadewiththebattery,
(a)thevoltageacrosstheresistoris
A) V
0
.
B) V
0
/e.
C) V
0
/2.
D)zero.
(b)thevoltageacrosstheinductoris
A) V
0
.
B) V
0
/e.
C) V
0
/2.
D)zero.
Answer: (a)D(b)A
Var:1
22) Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutinductorsarecorrect?Theremaybemorethanone
correctchoice.
A) Whenitisconnectedinacircuit,aninductoralwaysresistshavingcurrentflowthrough
it.
B) Inductorsstoreenergybybuildingupcharge.
C) WhenaninductorandaresistorareconnectedinserieswithaDCbattery,thecurrentin
thecircuitisreducedtozeroinonetimeconstant.
D) Aninductoralwaysresistsanychangeinthecurrentthroughit.
E) WhenaninductorandaresistorareconnectedinserieswithaDCbattery,thecurrentin
thecircuitiszeroafteraverylongtime.
Answer: D
Var:1
33.2 Problems
1) Acircularloopofradius0.10misrotatinginauniformexternalmagneticfieldof0.20T.Find
themagneticfluxthroughtheloopduetotheexternalfieldwhentheplaneoftheloopandthe
magneticfieldvectorare
(a)parallel.
(b)perpendicular.
(c)atanangleof30witheachother.
Answer: (a)zero(b)6.310
-3
Tm
2
(c)3.110
-3
Tm
2
Var:1
2) A2.0-mlongconductingwireisformedintoasquareandplacedinthehorizontal xy-plane.
Auniformmagneticfieldisoriented30.0abovethehorizontalwithastrengthof 9.0T.What
isthemagneticfluxthroughthesquare?
A) 1.1Tm
2
B) 1.9Tm
2
C) 2.3Tm
2
D) 18Tm
2
Answer: A
Var:10
3) A200-loopcoilofcrosssectionalarea8.5cm
2
liesintheplaneofthepage.Anexternal
magneticfieldof0.060Tisdirectedoutoftheplaneofthepage.Theexternalfielddecreasesto
0.020Tin12milliseconds.
(a)Whatisthemagnitudeofthechangeintheexternalmagneticfluxenclosedbythecoil?
(b)Whatisthemagnitudeoftheaveragevoltageinducedinthecoilastheexternalfluxis
changing?
(c)Ifthecoilhasaresistanceof4.0ohms,whatisthemagnitudeoftheaveragecurrentinthe
coil?
Answer: (a)4.010
-3
Tm
2
(b)0.57V(c)0.14A
Var:1
4) Aten-loopcoilhavinganareaof0.23m
2
andaverylargeresistanceisina0.047-Tuniform
magneticfieldorientedsothatthemaximumfluxgoesthroughthecoil.Thecoilisthen
rotatedsothatthefluxthroughitgoestozeroin0.34s.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheaverage
emfinducedinthecoilduringthe0.34s?
A) 0.0032V
B) 0.00V
C) 0.032V
D) 0.32V
E) 1.0V
Answer: D
Var:1
5) Auniformmagneticfieldisappliedperpendiculartotheplaneofa60-turncircularcoilwitha
radiusof6.0cmandaresistanceof0.60.Ifthemagneticfieldincreasesuniformlyfrom0.20
Tto1.8Tin0.20s,whatisthemagnitudeoftheemfinducedinthecoil?
A) 7.2V
B) 5.4V
C) 9.2V
D) 12V
E) 16V
Answer: B
Var:1
6) Aloopofradiusr=3.0cmisplacedparalleltothexy-planeinauniformmagneticfield B=
0.75Tk
^
.Theresistanceoftheloopis18.Startingat t=0,themagnitudeofthefield
decreasesuniformlytozeroin0.15seconds.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheelectriccurrent
producedintheloopduringthattime?
A) 0.79mA
B) 3.9mA
C) 1.7mA
D) 2.1mA
E) 0.20mA
Answer: A
Var:1
7) Acircularcoilofradius5.0cmandresistance0.20isplacedinauniformmagneticfield
perpendiculartotheplaneofthecoil.Themagnitudeofthefieldchangeswithtimeaccording
toB=0.50e
-20t
T.Whatisthemagnitudeofthecurrentinducedinthecoilatthetime t=2.0s?
A) 1.3mA
B) 9.2mA
C) 7.5mA
D) 4.2mA
E) 2.6mA
Answer: E
Var:1
8) Acoilof160turnsandarea0.20m
2
isplacedwithitsaxisparalleltoamagneticfieldofinitial
magnitude0.40T.Themagneticfieldchangesuniformlyfrom0.40Tinthe +xdirectionto
0.40Tinthe-xdirectionin2.0s.Iftheresistanceofthecoilis16,atwhatrateispower
generatedinthecoil?
A) 5.0W
B) 10W
C) 15W
D) 20W
E) 25W
Answer: B
Var:1
9) Aclosedloopconductorthatformsacirclewitharadiusof 2.0 m islocatedinauniformbut
changingmagneticfield.Ifthemaximumemfinducedintheloopis5.0V,whatisthe
maximumrateatwhichthemagneticfieldstrengthischangingifthemagneticfieldis
orientedperpendiculartotheplaneinwhichthelooplies?
A) 0.40T/s
B) 2.5T/s
C) 0.080T/s
D) 5.0T/s
Answer: A
Var:9
10) Asshowninthefigure,awireanda10-resistorareusedtoformacircuitintheshapeofa
square,20cmby20cm.Auniformbutnonsteadymagneticfieldisdirectedintotheplaneof
thecircuit.Themagnitudeofthemagneticfieldisdecreasedfrom1.50Tto0.50Tinatime
intervalof63ms.Theaverageinducedcurrentanditsdirectionthroughtheresistor,inthis
timeinterval,areclosestto
A) 63mA,frombtoa.
B) 38mA,frombtoa.
C) 63mA,fromatob.
D) 38mA,fromatob.
E) 95mA,fromatob.
Answer: A
Var:50+
11) Aconductingbarmovesalongfrictionlessconductingrailsconnectedtoa4.00-resistoras
showninthefigure.Thelengthofthebaris1.60mandauniformmagneticfieldof2.20Tis
appliedperpendiculartothepaperpointingoutward,asshown.
(a)Whatistheappliedforcerequiredtomovethebartotherightwithaconstantspeedof6.00
m/s?
(b)Atwhatrateisenergydissipatedinthe4.00resistor?
Answer: (a)18.6N(b)112W
Var:1
12) Aconductingbarslideswithoutfrictionontwoparallelhorizontalrailsthatare50cmapart
andconnectedbyawireatoneend.Theresistanceofthebarandtherailsisconstantand
equalto0.10.Auniformmagneticfieldisperpendiculartotheplaneoftherails.A0.080 -N
forceparalleltotherailsisrequiredtokeepthebarmovingataconstantspeedof0.50m/s.
Whatisthemagnitudeofthemagneticfield?
A) 0.10T
B) 0.25T
C) 0.36T
D) 0.54T
E) 0.93T
Answer: B
Var:1
13) A50-cmwireplacedinaneast-westdirectionismovedhorizontallytothenorthwithaspeed
of2.0m/s.Thehorizontalcomponentoftheearthsmagneticfieldatthatlocationis25T
towardthenorthandtheverticalcomponentis50Tdownward.Whatistheemfinduced
betweentheendsofthewire?
A) 10V
B) 20V
C) 30V
D) 40V
E) 50V
Answer: E
Var:1
14) Theprimarycoilofatransformerhas100turnsanditssecondarycoilhas400turns.Iftheac
voltageappliedtotheprimarycoilis120V,whatvoltageispresentinitssecondarycoil?
A) 100V
B) 30V
C) 70V
D) 480V
E) 400V
Answer: D
Var:1
15) Atransformerchangesthe10,000Vpowerlineto120V.Iftheprimarycoilcontains750turns,
howmanyturnsareonthesecondary?
A) 3
B) 6
C) 9
D) 63,000
E) 21,000
Answer: C
Var:1
16) Inatransformer,howmanyturnsarenecessaryina110-Vprimaryifthe24-Vsecondaryhas
100turns?
A) 458
B) 240
C) 110
D) 22
E) 4
Answer: A
Var:1
17) Foralongidealsolenoidhavingacircularcross-section,themagneticfieldstrengthwithinthe
solenoidisgivenbytheequation B(t)=5.0tT,wheretistimeinseconds.Iftheinduced
electricfieldoutsidethesolenoidis1.1V/matadistanceof2.0mfromtheaxisofthesolenoid,
findtheradiusofthesolenoid.
A) 0.30m
B) 77m
C) 0.94m
D) 9.0m
Answer: C
Var:1
18) Thecoilina60-Hzacgeneratorhas125turns,eachhavinganareaof3.0 10
-2
m
2
andis
rotatedinauniform0.12-Tmagneticfield.Whatisthepeakoutputvoltageofthisgenerator?
A) 170V
B) 120V
C) 200V
D) 110V
E) 220V
Answer: A
Var:1
19) Supposethatyouwishtoconstructasimpleacgeneratorhavinganoutputof12Vmaximum
whenrotatedat60Hz.Auniformmagneticfieldof0.050Tisavailable.Iftheareaofthe
rotatingcoilis100cm
2
,howmanyturnsdoyouneed?
A) 8
B) 16
C) 32
D) 64
E) 128
Answer: D
Var:1
20) Youaredesigningageneratortohaveamaximumemfof8.0V.Ifthegeneratorcoilhas200
turnsandacross-sectionalareaof0.030m
2
,whatshouldbethefrequencyofthegeneratorin
auniformmagneticfieldof0.030T?
A) 7.1Hz
B) 7.5Hz
C) 8.0Hz
D) 22Hz
E) 44Hz
Answer: A
Var:1
21) ArectangularcoilhavingNturnsandmeasuring15cmby25cmisrotatinginauniform1.6-T
magneticfieldwithafrequencyof75Hz.Therotationaxisisperpendiculartothedirectionof
thefield.Ifthecoildevelopsasinusoidalemfofmaximumvalue56.9V,whatisthevalueof
N?
A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8
E) 10
Answer: A
Var:1
22) Wireiswoundonasquareframe,30cmby30cm,toformacoilof7turns.Theframeis
mountedonahorizontalshaftthroughitscenter(perpendiculartotheplaneofthediagram),
asshowninthefigure.Thecoilisinclockwiserotation,withaperiodof0.060s.Auniform,
horizontal,magneticfieldofmagnitude0.40Tispresent.Atagiveninstant,theplaneofthe
coilformsa60anglewiththehorizontal,asshown.Atthatinstant,whatisthemagnitudeof
theemfinducedinthecoil?
A) 13V
B) 23V
C) 2.1V
D) 3.6V
E) 26V
Answer: A
Var:1
23) Whatistheself-inductanceofasolenoid30.0cmlonghaving100turnsofwireanda
cross-sectionalareaof1.0010
-4
m
2
?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 4.19nH
B) 4.19pH
C) 4.19H
D) 4.19mH
E) 4.19H
Answer: C
Var:1
24) Atwhatratewouldthecurrentina100-mHinductorhavetochangetoinduceanemfof1000
Vintheinductor?
A) 100A/s
B) 1A/s
C) 1000A/s
D) 10,000A/s
E) 10A/s
Answer: D
Var:1
25) AninductorhasacurrentI(t)=(0.500A)cos[(275s
-1
)t]flowingthroughit.Ifthemaximum
emfacrosstheinductorisequalto0.500V,whatistheself-inductanceoftheinductor?
A) 4.37mH
B) 3.64mH
C) 2.75mH
D) 0.73mH
E) 1.43mH
Answer: B
Var:5
26) Inthefigure,thecurrentinasolenoidhavingnoappreciableresistanceisflowingfrom b toa
andisdecreasingatarateof9.6A/s.Theself-inducedemfinthesolenoidisfoundtobe8.4V.
(a)Whatistheself-inductanceofthesolenoid?
(b)Whichpoint,aorbisathigherpotential?
Answer: (a)0.88H(b)pointa
Var:50+
27) Aninsulatedwireofdiameter1.0mmandnegligibleresistanceiswrappedtightlyarounda
cylindricalcoreofradius5.0cmandlength30cmtobuildasolenoid.Whatistheenergy
storedinthissolenoidwhenacurrent I=0.20Aflowsthroughit?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 1.210
-4
J
B) 9.610
-4
J
C) 4.810
-4
J
D) 2.410
-4
J
E) 5.910
-5
J
Answer: E
Var:1
28) Asolenoidoflength0.700mhavingacircularcross-sectionofradius5.00cmstores6.00Jof
energywhena0.400-Acurrentrunsthroughit.Whatisthewindingdensityofthesolenoid?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 865turns/m
B) 472turns/m
C) 1080turns/m
D) 104turns/m
E) 327turns/m
Answer: D
Var:1
29) Atacertaininstantthecurrentflowingthrougha5.0-Hinductoris3.0A.Iftheenergyinthe
inductoratthisinstantisincreasingatarateof3.0J/s,howfastisthecurrentchanging?
A) 0.20A/s
B) 0.40A/s
C) 0.10A/s
D) 0.80A/s
Answer: A
Var:1
30) Howmuchenergyisstoredinaroom3.0mby4.0mby2.4mduetotheearthsmagneticfield
withastrengthof5.010
-5
T?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 570mJ.
B) 29mJ.
C) 10mJ.
D) 100mJ.
E) 570mJ.
Answer: B
Var:1
31) Whatistheenergydensityinthemagneticfield25cmfromalongstraightwirecarryinga
currentof12A?(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
A) 7.310
-5
J/m
3
B) 3.710
-5
J/m
3
C) 3.610
-4
J/m
3
D) 1.210
-4
J/m
3
E) Thedensitycannotbedeterminedwithoutknowingthevolume.
Answer: B
Var:1
32) Aseriescircuitconsistsofa0.55-Hinductorwithinternalresistanceof8.0connectedin
serieswitha4.0-resistor,anopenswitch,andanideal12-Vbattery.
(a)Whentheswitchisclosed,whatistheinitialcurrentthroughthe4.0-resistor?
(b)Whatisthecurrentthroughthe4.0-resistoraverylongtimeaftertheswitchisclosed?
Answer: (a)0.00A(b)1.0A
Var:1
33) A45-mHidealinductorisconnectedinserieswitha60- resistorthroughanideal15-VDC
powersupplyandanopenswitch.Iftheswitchisclosedattime t=0s,whatisthecurrent7.0
mslater?
A) 250mA
B) 650mA
C) 550mA
D) 280mA
E) 850mA
Answer: A
Var:5
34) AseriesLRcircuitconsistsofa2.0-Hinductorwithnegligibleinternalresistance,a100-ohm
resistor,anopenswitch,anda9.0-Videalpowersource.Aftertheswitchisclosed,whatisthe
maximumpowerdeliveredbythepowersupply?
A) 0.40W
B) 81W
C) 0.090W
D) 8.1W
E) 0.81W
Answer: E
Var:1
35) Whatresistanceshouldbeaddedinserieswitha3.0-HinductortocompleteanLRcircuitwith
atimeconstantof4.0ms?
A) 0.75k
B) 12
C) 0.75
D) 2.5
Answer: A
Var:28
36) AseriesLRcircuitcontainsanemfsourceof 14 Vhavingnointernalresistance,aresistor,a
34Hinductorhavingnoappreciableresistance,andaswitch.Iftheemfacrosstheinductoris
80%ofitsmaximumvalue4.0saftertheswitchisclosed,whatistheresistanceoftheresistor?
A) 14
B) 1.9
C) 1.5
D) 5.0
Answer: B
Var:50+
37) AnLRcircuitcontainsanideal60-Vbattery,a42-Hinductorhavingnoresistance,a24-
resistor,andaswitchS,allinseries.Initially,theswitchisopenandhasbeenopenforavery
longtime.Attimet=0s,theswitchissuddenlyclosed.Howlongafterclosingtheswitchwill
thepotentialdifferenceacrosstheinductorbe24V?
A) 1.6s
B) 1.4s
C) 1.8s
D) 1.9s
E) 2.1s
Answer: A
Var:1
38) AnLRcircuitcontainsanideal60-Vbattery,a51-Hinductorhavingnoresistance,a21-
resistor,andaswitchS,allinseries.Initially,theswitchisopenandhasbeenopenforavery
longtime.Attimet=0s,theswitchissuddenlyclosed.Whenthevoltageacrosstheresistoris
equaltothevoltageacrosstheinductor,whatisthecurrentinthecircuit?
A) 1.4A
B) 0.57A
C) 1.1A
D) 0.86A
E) 1.7A
Answer: A
Var:1
39) Forthecircuitshowninthefigure,theinductorshavenoappreciableresistanceandthe
switchhasbeenopenforaverylongtime.
(a)Theinstantafterclosingtheswitch,whatisthecurrentthroughthe60.0-resistor?
(b)Theinstantafterclosingtheswitch,whatisthepotentialdifferenceacrossthe15.0-mH
inductor?
(c)Aftertheswitchhasbeenclosedandleftclosedforaverylongtime,whatisthepotential
dropacrossthe60.0-resistor?
Answer: (a)1.43A(b)85.7V(c)0.00V
Var:1
40) Forthecircuitshowninthefigure,theswitchhasbeenopenforaverylongtime.
(a)Whatisthepotentialdropacrossthe15.0-mHinductorjustafterclosingtheswitch?
(b)Whatisthepotentialdropacrossthe70.0-Fcapacitoraftertheswitchhasbeenclosedfor
averylongtime?
Answer: (a)150.0V(b)133V
Var:1
41) Anidealsolenoidis18.5cmlong,hasacircularcross-section2.20cmindiameter,and
contains545equallyspacedthinwindings.Thissolenoidisconnectedinaseriescircuitwith
anopenswitch,a15.0-resistor,andabatteryofinternalresistance5.00andopen-circuit
terminalvoltageof25.0V.(
0
=410
-7
Tm/A)
(a)Whatisthemaximumamountofenergythatthesolenoidwillstoreafterclosingthe
switch?
(b)Howlongafterclosingtheswitchwillittakeforthestoredenergyinthesolenoidtoreach
one-halfofitsmaximumvalue?
Answer: (a)0.599mJ(b)47.1s
Var:1
42) Considerthecircuitshowninthefigure.Thebatteryhas emf = 25 voltsandnegligible
internalresistance.TheinductanceisL=0.80HandtheresistancesareR
1
=12andR
2
=9.0
.InitiallytheswitchSisopenandnocurrentsflow.Thentheswitchisclosed.
(a)WhatisthecurrentintheresistorR
1
justaftertheswitchisclosed?
(b)Afterleavingtheswitchclosedforaverylongtime,itisopenedagain.Justafteritis
opened,whatisthecurrentinR
1
?
Answer: (a)2.1A(b)2.8A
Var:50+
43) Achargedcapacitorisconnectedtoanidealinductor.Attime t = 0,thechargeonthecapacitor
isequalto6.00C.Attimet=2.00msthechargeonthecapacitoriszeroforthefirsttime.
Whatistheamplitudeofthecurrentatthatsameinstant?
A) 2.38mA
B) 4.71mA
C) 0.780mA
D) 1.53mA
E) 1.19mA
Answer: B
Var:1
44) Achargedcapacitorisconnectedtoanidealinductortoforman LC circuitwithafrequencyof
oscillationf=1.6Hz.Attimet=0thecapacitorisfullycharged.Atagiveninstantlaterthe
chargeonthecapacitorismeasuredtobe3.0Candthecurrentinthecircuitisequalto75
A.Whatisthemaximumchargeofthecapacitor?
A) 6.0C
B) 10C
C) 8.0C
D) 2.0C
E) 4.0C
Answer: C
Var:1
45) InanLCcircuitcontaininga40-mHidealinductoranda1.2-mFcapacitor,themaximum
chargeonthecapacitoris45mCduringtheoscillations.Whatisthemaximumcurrent
throughtheinductorduringtheoscillations?
A) 3.7A
B) 42A
C) 10A
D) 6.5A
E) 2.5A
Answer: D
Var:1
46) AnLCcircuitconsistsofa3.4-Fcapacitorandacoilwithaself-inductance0.080Handno
appreciableresistance.Att=0thecapacitorhasachargeof5.4Candthecurrentinthe
inductoriszero.
(a)Howlongaftert=0willthecurrentinthecircuitbemaximum?
(b)Whatwillbethismaximumcurrent?
Answer: (a)0.82ms(b)10mA
Var:1
Chapter34 ElectromagneticFieldsandWaves
1) AcapacitorishookeduptoaresistorandanACvoltagesourceasshowninthefigure.The
outputofthesourceisgivenbyV(t)=V
0
sint.Theplatesofthecapacitoraredisksofradius
R.PointPisdirectlybetweenthetwoplates,equidistantfromthemandadistance R/2from
thecenteraxis.AtpointP
A) thereisnomagneticfieldbecausethereisnochargemovingbetweentheplates.
B) thereisaconstantmagneticfield.
C) thereisatimevaryingmagneticfield.
Answer: C
Var:1
2) Inanelectromagneticwave,theelectricandmagneticfieldsareorientedsuchthattheyare
A) paralleltooneanotherandperpendiculartothedirectionofwavepropagation.
B) paralleltooneanotherandparalleltothedirectionofwavepropagation.
C) perpendiculartooneanotherandperpendiculartothedirectionofwavepropagation.
D) perpendiculartooneanotherandparalleltothedirectionofwavepropagation.
Answer: C
Var:1
3) Ifthemagneticfieldofanelectromagneticwaveisinthe+xdirectionandtheelectricfieldof
thewaveisinthe+ydirection,thewaveistravelinginthe
A) xyplane.
B) +zdirection.
C) -zdirection.
D) -xdirection.
E) -ydirection.
Answer: C
Var:1
Chapter34:ElectromagneticFieldsandWaves
4) Anelectromagneticwaveispropagatingtowardsthewest.Atacertainmomentthedirection
ofthemagneticfieldvectorassociatedwiththiswavepointsverticallyup.Thedirectionofthe
electricfieldvectorofthiswaveis
A) horizontalandpointingsouth.
B) verticalandpointingdown.
C) horizontalandpointingnorth.
D) verticalandpointingup.
E) horizontalandpointingeast.
Answer: A
Var:1
5) Anelectromagneticwavepropagatesalongthe+y directionasshowninthefigure.Ifthe
electricfieldattheoriginisalongthe+zdirection,whatisthedirectionofthemagneticfield?
A) +z
B) -z
C) +y
D) +x
E) -x
Answer: D
Var:1
6) Theenergyperunitvolumeinanelectromagneticwaveis
A) equallydividedbetweentheelectricandmagneticfields.
B) mostlyintheelectricfield.
C) mostlyinthemagneticfield.
D) allintheelectricfield.
E) allinthemagneticfield.
Answer: A
Var:1
7) IfanelectromagneticwavehascomponentsE
y
= E
0
sin(kx - t)andB
z
=B
0
sin(kx-t),in
whatdirectionisittraveling?
A) -x
B) +x
C) +y
D) -y
E) +z
Answer: B
Var:1
8) Whenanelectromagneticwavefallsonawhite,perfectlyreflectingsurface,itexertsaforceF
onthatsurface.Ifthesurfaceisnowpaintedaperfectlyabsorbingblack,whatwillbetheforce
thatthesamewavewillexertonthesurface?
A) 4F
B) 2F
C) F
D) F/2
E) F/4
Answer: D
Var:1
34.2 Problems
1) Giventhatthewavelengthsofvisiblelightrangefrom400nmto700nm,whatisthehighest
frequencyofvisiblelight?(c=3.0x10
8
m/s)
A) 3.110
8
Hz
B) 7.510
14
Hz
C) 2.310
20
Hz
D) 4.310
14
Hz
E) 5.010
8
Hz
Answer: B
Var:1
2) ThemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldatapointP foracertainelectromagneticwaveis570N/C.
Whatisthemagnitudeofthemagneticfieldforthatwaveat P?(c=3.0x10
8
m/s)
A) 2.91T
B) 1.90T
C) 1.10T
D) 1.41T
E) 2.41T
Answer: B
Var:1
3) ThemagnitudeofthemagneticfieldatpointP foracertainelectromagneticwaveis2.12T.
Whatisthemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldforthatwaveat P?(c=3.0x10
8
m/s)
A) 636N/C
B) 745N/C
C) 5.23N/C
D) 6.36N/C
E) 7.45N/C
Answer: A
Var:1
4) Iftheelectricfieldandmagneticfieldofanelectromagneticwavearegivenby E=E
0
sin(kx -
t)andB=B
0
sin(kx-t),andifthevalueofE
0
is51V/m,whatisthevalueof B
0
?(c=3.0x
10
8
m/s)
A) 1.710
14
T
B) 1.710
3
T
C) 1.710
-14
T
D) 1.710
4
T
E) 1.710
-13
T
Answer: E
Var:1
5) Aplanarelectromagneticwaveispropagatinginthe+x direction.AtacertainpointPandata
giveninstant,theelectricfieldofthewaveisgivenby E =(0.082V/m)j
^
.Whatisthemagnetic
vectorofthewaveatthepointPatthatinstant?(c=3.0x10
8
m/s)
A) 0.27nTk
^
B) 0.27nTk
^
C) 0.27nTj
^
D) 6.8nTk
^
E) 6.8nTj
^
Answer: A
Var:1
6) Ifthez-componentofthemagneticfieldofanelectromagneticwavetravelinginthe+x
directionthroughvacuumobeystheequationB
z
(x,t)=(1.25T)cos[(3800m
-1
)x-(1.14
10-
12
rad/s)t],whatisthelargestthattheycomponentoftheelectricfieldcanbe?(c=3.0x
10
8
m/s)
A) 375N/C
B) 4.1710
-15
N/C
C) 3.7510
8
N/C
D) 4.1710
-9
N/C
E) 1.2510
6
N/C
Answer: A
Var:1
7) Theycomponentoftheelectricfieldofanelectromagneticwavetravelinginthe +xdirection
throughvacuumobeystheequationE
y
=(375N/C)cos[kx-(2.2010
14
rad/s)t].Whatisthe
wavelengthofthiselectromagneticwave?(c=3.0x10
8
m/s)
A) 0.272m
B) 1.36m
C) 2.72m
D) 8.57m
E) 17.1m
Answer: D
Var:1
8) They-componentoftheelectricfieldofanelectromagneticwavetravelinginthe+xdirection
throughvacuumobeystheequationE
y
=(375N/C)cos[kx-(2.2010
14
rad/s)t].(c=3.0x10
8
m/s)
(a)Whatisthelargestthatthex-componentofthewavecanbe?
(b)Whatisthelargestthatthez-componentofthewavecanbe?
Answer: (a)zero(b)1.25T
Var:1
9) Aplanarelectromagneticwaveispropagatinginthe+x direction.AtacertainpointPandata
giveninstant,theelectricfieldofthewaveisgivenby E =(0.082V/m)j
^
.WhatisthePoynting
vectoratthepointPatthatinstant?(c=3.0x10
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.85
10
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 18W/m
2
i
^
B) 18W/m
2
i
^
C) 9.0W/m
2
i
^
D) 9.0W/m
2
i
^
E) 18W/m
2
k
^
Answer: A
Var:1
10) ThemagnitudeofthePoyntingvectorofaplanarelectromagneticwavehasanaveragevalue
of0.724W/m
2
.Whatisthemaximumvalueofthemagneticfieldinthewave? (c=3.0x10
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 77.9nT
B) 55.1nT
C) 38.9nT
D) 108nT
E) 156nT
Answer: A
Var:1
11) ThemagnitudeofthePoyntingvectorofaplanarelectromagneticwavehasanaveragevalue
of0.939W/m
2
.Thewaveisincidentuponarectangulararea,1.5mby2.0m,atrightangles.
Howmuchtotalelectromagneticenergyfallsontheareaduring1.0minute?( c=3.0x10
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 170J
B) 210J
C) 250J
D) 300J
E) 340J
Answer: A
Var:1
12) Themagneticfieldofanelectromagneticwavehasapeakvalueof5.0 10
-10
T.Whatisthe
intensityofthewave?(c=3.0x10
8
m/s,c=3.0010
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.85
10
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 1.010
-13
W/m
2
B) 1.510
-5
W/m
2
C) 3.010
-5
W/m
2
D) 2.010
-13
W/m
2
E) 7.510
5
W/m
2
Answer: C
Var:1
13) Asinusoidalelectromagneticwaveinvacuumdeliversenergyatanaveragerateof5.00
W/m
2
.Whataretheamplitudesoftheelectricandmagneticfieldsofthiswave?( c=3.0x
10
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
Answer: E
max
=0.0614V/m,B
max
= 0.205nT
Var:1
14) Iftheintensityofanelectromagneticwaveis80MW/m
2
,whatistheamplitudeofthe
magneticfieldofthiswave?(c=3.0x10
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/N
m
2
)
A) 0.82mT
B) 0.33T
C) 10T
D) 14T
E) 0.58mT
Answer: A
Var:1
15) Alaserwithapowerof1.0mWhasabeamradiusof1.0mm.Whatisthepeakvalueofthe
electricfieldinthatbeam?(c=3.0x10
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/N
m
2
)
A) 490V/m
B) 840V/m
C) 65V/m
D) 120V/m
E) 22V/m
Answer: A
Var:1
16) Ifabeamofelectromagneticradiationhasanintensityof120W/m
2
,whatisthemaximum
valueoftheelectricfield?(c=3.0x10
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/N
m
2
)
A) 1.5kV/m
B) 1.0T
C) 1.0V/m
D) 0.30kV/m
E) 0.0032V/m
Answer: D
Var:1
17) Neartheearththeintensityofradiationfromthesunis1.35kW/m
2
.Whatvolumeofspacein
thisregioncontains1.0Jofelectromagneticenergy?(c=3.0x10
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 4.5x10
-6
m
3
B) 3300m
3
C) 7.4x10
-4
m
3
D) 1400m
3
E) 220,000m
3
Answer: E
Var:1
18) Anelectromagneticwavehasapeakelectricfieldof3.0kV/m.Whatistheintensityofthe
wave?(c=3.0x10
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 24kW/m
2
B) 12kW/m
2
C) 8.0kW/m
2
D) 4.0kW/m
2
Answer: B
Var:1
19) An800-kHzradiosignalisdetectedatapoint4.5kmdistantfromatransmittertower.The
electricfieldamplitudeofthesignalatthatpointis0.63V/m.Assumethatthesignalpoweris
radiateduniformlyinalldirectionsandthatradiowavesincidentuponthegroundare
completelyabsorbed.Whatisthemagneticfieldamplitudeofthesignalatthatpoint?( c=3.0x
10
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 2.1nT
B) 1.7nT
C) 1.3nT
D) 2.5nT
E) 2.9nT
Answer: A
Var:1
completelyabsorbed.Whatistheaverageelectromagneticenergydensityatthatpoint?(c=3.0
x10
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 3.6pJ/m
3
B) 5.1pJ/m
3
C) 7.2pJ/m
3
D) 10pJ/m
3
E) 14pJ/m
3
Answer: A
Var:1
completelyabsorbed.Whatistheintensityoftheradiosignalatthatpoint? (c=3.0010
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 170W/m
2
B) 240W/m
2
C) 340W/m
2
D) 120W/m
2
E) 86W/m
2
Answer: A
Var:1
completelyabsorbed.Whatistheaveragetotalpowerradiatedbythetransmitter? (c=3.00
10
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 0.27MW
B) 0.32MW
C) 0.38MW
D) 0.45MW
E) 0.50MW
Answer: A
Var:1
23) Aradiometerhastwosquarevanes(eachmeasuring1.0cmby1.0cm),attachedtoalight
horizontalcrossarm,andpivotedaboutaverticalaxisthroughthecenter,asshowninthe
figure.Thecenterofeachvaneis6.0cmfromtheaxis.Onevaneissilveredanditreflectsall
radiantenergyincidentuponit.Theothervaneisblackenedanditabsorbsallincidentradiant
energy.Anelectromagneticwavewithanintensityof0.30kW/m
2
isincidentnormallyupon
thevanes.Whatistheelectromagneticpowerabsorbedbytheblackenedvane?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 0.030W
B) 0.040W
C) 0.050W
D) 0.060W
E) 0.090W
Answer: A
Var:1
24) Amicrowaveovenoperateswithsinusoidalmicrowavesatafrequencyof2400MHz.The
heightoftheovencavityis25cmandthebasemeasures30cmby30cm.Assumethat
microwaveenergyisgenerateduniformlyontheuppersurfaceofthecavityandpropagates
directlydownwardtowardthebase.Thebaseislinedwithamaterialthatcompletelyabsorbs
microwaveenergy.Thetotalmicrowaveenergycontentofthecavityis0.50J.Whatisthe
amplitudeoftheelectricfield?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 1600V/m
B) 1900V/m
C) 2200V/m
D) 2500V/m
E) 2800V/m
Answer: C
Var:1
poweroutputoftheoven?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/N
m
2
)
A) 0.50kW
B) 0.55kW
C) 0.60kW
D) 0.65kW
E) 0.70kW
Answer: C
Var:1
intensityofthemicrowavebeam?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.85
10
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 5.2kW/m
2
B) 5.7kW/m
2
C) 6.2kW/m
2
D) 6.7kW/m
2
E) 7.2kW/m
2
Answer: D
Var:1
27) A7.510
14
Hzlaseremitsa7.7-spulse,5.0mmindiameter,withabeamenergydensityof
0.51J/m
3
.Whatistheamplitudeoftheelectricfieldoftheemittedwaves?( c=3.0010
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 340kV/m
B) 480kV/m
C) 240kV/m
D) 150kV/m
E) 120kV/m
Answer: A
Var:1
28) 28) Asinusoidalelectromagneticwaveispropagatinginvacuum.Atagivenpoint Pandata
particulartime,theelectricfieldisinthe+xdirectionandthemagneticfieldisinthe-y
direction.
(a)Whatisthedirectionofpropagationofthewave?
(b)IftheintensityofthewaveatpointPis0.36W/m
2
,whatistheelectricfieldamplitudeat
thatpoint?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
Answer: (a)-zdirection(b)16 V/m
Var:50+
29) Averysmallsourceoflightthatradiatesuniformlyinalldirectionsproducesanelectricfield
amplitudeof2.96V/matapoint33.0mfromthesource.Whatisthepoweroutputfromthe
source?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
Answer: 159W
Var:50+
30) TheaverageintensityofthesunlightinMiami,Florida,is1.04kW/m
2
.Forsurfacesonwhich
thelightisallabsorbed,whatistheaveragevalueoftheradiationpressureduetothis
sunlightinMiami?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 2.28Pa
B) 1.73Pa
C) 6.93Pa
D) 3.47Pa
E) 9.78Pa
Answer: D
Var:1
31) Theintensityofsolarradiationneartheearthis1.4kW/m
2
.Whatforceisexertedbysolar
radiationimpingingnormallyona5.0m
2
perfectlyreflectingpanelofanartificialsatellite
orbitingtheearth?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 14kN
B) 94N
C) 140N
D) 23N
E) 47N
Answer: E
Var:1
32) Thetotalelectromagneticpoweremittedbythesunis3.8 10
26
W.Whatistheradiation
pressureonatotallyabsorbingsatelliteattheorbitofMercury,whichhasanorbitalradiusof
5.810
10
m?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 30Pa
B) 0.30Pa
C) 0.030Pa
D) 300Pa
E) 3.0Pa
Answer: A
Var:1
33) A22.0-kgmirrorwithasurfaceareaof1.0m
2
anda98%reflectivityisbombardedbylightof
averageintensity770.0W/m
2
atanangleof30.0tothenormalofitssurface.Ifthelighthasa
durationof0.60s,howmuchdoesthevelocityofthemirrorchangeduringthattime?(c=3.00
10
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 120nm/s
B) 4.2nm/s
C) 3.6nm/s
D) 2.1nm/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
34) Aradiometerhastwosquarevanes(1.0cmby1.0cm),attachedtoalighthorizontalcrossarm,
andpivotedaboutaverticalaxisthroughthecenter,asshowninthefigure.Thecenterofeach
vaneis6.0cmfromtheaxis.Onevaneissilveredanditreflectsallradiantenergyincident
uponit.Theothervaneisblackenedanditabsorbsallincidentradiantenergy.An
electromagneticwavewithanintensityof0.30kW/m
2
isincidentnormallyuponthevanes.
Whatistheradiationpressureontheblackenedvane?( c=3.0010
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
T
m/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 1.010
-10
Pa
B) 1.010
-9
Pa
C) 1.010
-8
Pa
D) 1.010
-7
Pa
E) 1.010
-6
Pa
Answer: E
Var:1
35) Aradiometerhastwosquarevanes(1.0cmby1.0cm),attachedtoalighthorizontalcrossarm,
andpivotedaboutaverticalaxisthroughthecenter,asshowninthefigure.Thecenterofeach
vaneis6.0cmfromtheaxis.Onevaneissilveredanditreflectsallradiantenergyincident
uponit.Theothervaneisblackenedanditabsorbsallincidentradiantenergy.An
electromagneticwavewithanintensityof0.30kW/m
2
isincidentnormallyuponthevanes.
Whatisthetorqueduetoradiationpressureonthevaneassemblyabouttheverticalaxis?(c=
3.0010
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 2.410
-12
Nm
B) 6.010
-12
Nm
C) 1.210
-11
Nm
D) 1.810
-11
Nm
E) 2.410
-11
Nm
Answer: B
Var:1
microwaveenergy.Thetotalmicrowaveenergycontentofthecavityis0.50J.What
magnitudeforcedoesthemicrowavebeamexertonthebaseoftheoven? (c=3.0010
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
A) 1.6N
B) 2.0N
C) 2.5N
D) 3.0N
E) 3.5N
Answer: B
Var:1
37) Atotallyabsorbingsurfacehavinganareaof7.7cm
2
facesasmallsourceofsinusoidal
electromagneticradiationthatis2.4maway.Atthesurface,theelectricfieldamplitudeofthe
radiationis84V/m.(c=3.0010
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
(a)Whatistheradiationpressureexertedonthesurface?
(b)Whatisthetotalpoweroutputofthesource,ifitisassumedtoradiateuniformlyinall
directions?
Answer: (a)0.031Pa(b)680W
Var:1
38) Alaserbeamhasawavelengthof633nmandapowerof0.500mWspreaduniformlyovera
circle1.20mmindiameter.Thisbeamfallsperpendicularlyonaperfectlyreflectingpieceof
paperhavingtwicethediameterofthelaserbeamandamassof1.50mg.( c=3.0010
8
m/s,
0
=410
-7
Tm/A,
0
=8.8510
-12
C
2
/Nm
2
)
(a)Whataretheamplitudesoftheelectricandmagneticfieldsinthislaserbeam?
(b)Whataccelerationdoesthelaserbeamgivetothepaper?
Answer: (a)577N/C,1.92T(b)2.22m/s
2
Var:1
39) LightofintensityI
0
andpolarizedhorizontallypassesthroughthreepolarizes.Thefirstand
thirdpolarizingaxesarehorizontal,butthesecondoneisoriented20.0tothehorizontal.In
termsofI
0
,whatistheintensityofthelightthatpassesthroughthesetofpolarizers?
A) 0.780I
0
B) 0.180I
0
C) 0.442I
0
D) 0.883I
0
Answer: A
Var:1
40) Polarizedlightpassesthroughapolarizer.Iftheelectricvectorofthepolarizedlightis
horizontalwhat,intermsoftheinitialintensityI
0
,istheintensityofthelightthatpasses
throughapolarizerifthepolarizeristilted22.5fromthehorizontal?
A) 0.854I
0
B) 0.147I
0
C) 0.191I
0
D) 0.011I
0
Answer: A
Var:1
41) Unpolarizedlightisincidentupontwopolarizationfiltersthatdonothavetheirtransmission
axesaligned.If18%ofthelightpassesthroughthiscombinationoffilters,whatistheangle
betweenthetransmissionaxesofthefilters?
A) 53
B) 73
C) 85
D) 80
Answer: A
Var:31
42) Unpolarizedlightpassesthroughthreepolarizingfilters.Thefirstoneisorientedwitha
horizontaltransmissionaxis,thesecondfilterhasitstransmissionaxis25.7fromthe
horizontal,andthethirdonehasaverticaltransmissionaxis.Whatpercentofthelightgets
throughthiscombinationoffilters?
A) 7.6%
B) 92.4%
C) 50.0%
D) 0.00%
Answer: A
Var:1
43) Inthefigure,theorientationofthetransmissionaxisforeachofthreepolarizingsheetsis
labeledrelativetotheverticaldirection.Abeamoflight,polarizedintheverticaldirection,is
incidentonthefirstpolarizedwithanintensityof1000W/m
2
.Whatistheintensityofthe
beamafterithaspassedthroughthethreepolarizingsheetswhen
1
=30,
2
=30and
3
=60?
A) 141W/m
2
B) 316W/m
2
C) 433W/m
2
D) 563W/m
2
E) 188W/m
2
Answer: D
Var:1
44) Thefollowingarepositionedinsequence:Asourceofabeamofnaturallightofintensity I
0
;
threeidealpolarizersA,B,andC;andanobserver.Polarizeraxisanglesaremeasured
clockwisefromthevertical,fromtheperspectiveoftheobserver.Theaxisangleofpolarizer A
issetat0(vertical),andtheaxisangleofpolarizerCissetat50.PolarizerBissetsothatthe
beamintensityiszeroattheobserver.Whichofthefollowingpairsofanglesarepossibleaxis
anglesettingsofpolarizerB?
A) 40and90
B) 40and130
C) 40and140
D) 90and130
E) 90and140
Answer: E
Var:1
Chapter35 ACCircuits
1) AnacsourceofperiodTandmaximumvoltageV isconnectedtoasingleunknownideal
elementthatiseitheraresistor,andinductor,oracapacitor.Attime t=0thevoltageiszero.
Attimet=T/4thecurrentintheunknownelementisequaltozero,andattime t=T/2the
currentisI=I
max
,whereI
max
isthecurrentamplitude.Whatistheunknownelement?
A) aresistor
B) aninductor
C) acapacitor
D) aninductororacapacitor
Answer: C
Var:1
2) Aresistorisconnectedtoanidealacpowersupply.
(a)Thephaseanglebetweenthecurrentandvoltageis
A) 0
B) /2radians.
C) -/2radians.
D) radians.
E) 3/4radians.
(b)Thecurrentintheresistor
A) leadsthevoltageacrosstheresistorby90.
B) lagsthevoltageacrosstheresistorby90.
C) isinphasewiththevoltageacrosstheresistor.
D) thevoltageacrosstheresistorby45.
E) lagsthevoltageacrosstheresistorby45.
(c)Howdoestheaveragepowerdissipatedintheresistorchangeasthefrequencyintheac
powersupplydecreases?
A) Itdecreases.
B) Itincreases.
C) Itdoesnotchange.
D) Itincreasesordecreasesdependingonthesignofthephaseangle.
Answer: (a)A(b)C(c)C
Var:1
3) WhenanLRCseriescircuitisatresonance,whichoneofthefollowingstatementsaboutthat
circuitisaccurate?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Theimpedancehasitsmaximumvalue.
B) Thereactanceoftheinductoriszero.
C) Thereactanceofthecapacitoriszero.
D) Thereactanceduetotheinductorandcapacitorhasitsmaximumvalue.
E) Thecurrentamplitudeisamaximum.
Answer: E
Var:1
4) InaseriesLRCcircuit,thefrequencyatwhichthecircuitisatresonanceisf
0
.Ifyoudoublethe
resistance,theinductance,thecapacitance,andthevoltageamplitudeoftheacsource,whatis
thenewresonancefrequency?
A) 4f
0
B) 2f
0
C) f
0
D) f
0
/2
E) f
0
/4
Answer: D
Var:1
5) WhichoneofthephasordiagramsshownbelowbestrepresentsaseriesLRCcircuitdrivenat
resonance?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: C
Var:1
6) WhenanLRCseriescircuitisdrivenatresonance,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthe
circuitarecorrect?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Theimpedanceofthecircuitiszero.
B) Theimpedanceofthecircuithasitsmaximumvalue.
C) Theimpedanceofthecircuithasitsminimumvalue.
D) Theinductivereactanceandthecapacitivereactancearebothzero.
E) Theinductivereactanceandthecapacitivereactanceareexactlyequaltoeachother.
Answer: C,E
Var:1
Chapter35:ACCircuits
35.2 Problems
1) (a)Inanaccircuit,ifthepeakvalueofthevoltageis100V,whatisthermsvalueofthe
voltage?
A)141V
B)100V
C)210V
D)71V
E)120V
(b) Inanaccircuit,ifthermsvalueofthecurrentis100mA,whatisthepeakvalueofthe
current?
A)141mA
B)100mA
C)210mA
D)71mA
E)120mA
Answer: (a)D (b)A
Var:1
2) Analternatingcurrentissuppliedtoanelectroniccomponentwithawarningthatthevoltage
acrossitshouldneverexceed12V.Whatisthehighestrmsvoltagethatcanbesuppliedtothis
componentwhilestayingbelowthevoltagelimitinthewarning?
A) 6 2V
B) 12 2V
C) 144V
D) 6V
Answer: A
Var:11
3) Theinductorinaradioreceivercarriesacurrentofamplitude200mAwhenavoltageof
amplitude2.40Visacrossitatafrequencyof1400kHz.Whatisthevalueoftheinductance?
A) 1.43H
B) 1.36H
C) 9.20H
D) 4.42H
E) 1.97H
Answer: B
Var:1
4) The60-Hzacsourceoftheseriescircuitshowninthefigurehasavoltageamplitudeof120V.
Thecapacitivereactanceis790,theinductivereactanceis270,andtheresistanceis500.
(a)Whatisthecapacitanceofthecapacitor?
(b)Whatistheinductanceoftheinductor?
Answer: (a)3.4F(b)720mH
Var:1
5) Ifthevoltageamplitudeacrossan8.50-nFcapacitorisequalto12.0Vwhenthecurrent
amplitudethroughitis3.33mA,thefrequencyisclosestto:
A) 32.6MHz
B) 5.20MHz
C) 32.6kHz
D) 5.20kHz
E) 32.6Hz
Answer: B
Var:1
6) Anacseriescircuitconsistsofavoltagesource,an880-resistor,andaninductanceL.(There
isnocapacitanceinthecircuit.)Thecurrentamplitudeis0.60A,andthephaseanglebetween
thesourcevoltageandthecurrenthasamagnitudeof41
(a)Doesthesourcevoltagelagorleadthecurrent?
(b)Whatisthevoltageamplitudeofthesource?
Answer: (a)Thesourcevoltageleadsthecurrent.
(b)700volts
Var:1
7) AnLRCseriescircuithasR=15.0,L = 25.0mH,andC = 30.0F.Thecircuitisconnectedto
a120-V(rms)acsourcewithfrequency200Hz.
(a)Whatistheimpedanceofthecircuit?
(b)Whatisthermscurrentinthecircuit?
(c)Whatisthermsvoltageacrosstheresistor?
(d)Whatisthermsvoltageacrosstheinductor?
(e)Whatisthermsvoltageacrossthecapacitor?
Answer: (a)15.8(b)7.61A(c)114V(d)239V(e)202V
Var:1
8) Anaccircuitisshowninthefigure.Thermscurrentinthecircuitismeasuredtobe1.8A.
Whatisthecapacitanceofthecapacitor?
A) 23F
B) 24F
C) 21F
D) 19F
E) 18F
Answer: A
Var:1
9) The60-Hzacsourceofaseriescircuithasavoltageamplitudeof120V.Theresistance,
capacitivereactance,andinductivereactanceareasshowninthefigure.Whatistherms
currentinthecircuit?
A) 0.097A
B) 0.11A
C) 0.12A
D) 0.14A
E) 0.17A
Answer: A
Var:1
10) Aseriesaccircuitconsistsofaninductorhavingareactanceof80andaninductanceof190
mH,a40-resistor,acapacitorwhosereactanceis100,andanacsource.Thermscurrent
inthecircuitismeasuredtobe2.2A.Whatisthermsvoltageofthesource?
A) 98V
B) 96V
C) 93V
D) 91V
E) 88V
Answer: A
Var:1
11) A120-Vrmsvoltageat1000Hzisappliedtoaninductor,a2.00-Fcapacitoranda100-
resistor,allinseries.Ifthermsvalueofthecurrentinthiscircuitis0.680A,whatisthe
inductanceoftheinductor?
A) 34.2mH
B) 35.8mH
C) 11.4mH
D) 17.9mH
E) 22.8mH
Answer: B
Var:1
12) AseriesLRCcircuithasasinusoidalvoltagesuppliedtoitat 197 kHz withapeakvoltageof
270V,a41-kresistance,a14-Fcapacitor,anda63-Hinductance.Whatisthepeakcurrent
forthiscircuit?
A) 3.5A
B) 2.3A
C) 4.2A
D) 6.6A
Answer: A
Var:50+
13) Aseriescircuitconsistsofa50-Hzacsource,a50-resistor,a0.50-Hinductor,anda60-F
capacitor.Thermscurrentinthecircuitismeasuredtobe3.1A.Whatisthevoltageamplitude
ofthesource?
A) 510V
B) 270V
C) 220V
D) 180V
E) 160V
Answer: A
Var:1
14) Aseriescircuitconsistsofacsource,a90-resistor,a0.80-Hinductor,andan80-F
capacitor.Thefrequencyofthesourceisadjustedsothatthecapacitivereactanceisequalto
twicetheinductivereactance.Whatisthefrequencyofthesource?
A) 14Hz
B) 13Hz
C) 16Hz
D) 17Hz
E) 19Hz
Answer: A
Var:1
15) AnLRCseriescircuitconsistsofan85.0-resistor,a14.0-Fcapacitor,a1.50-mHinductor,
andavariablefrequencyacsourceofvoltageamplitude13.25V.Atwhatangularfrequency
willtheinductivereactancebe4.00timesaslargeasthecapacitivereactance?
A) 1.3810
4
rad/s
B) 6.9010
3
rad/s
C) 3.4510
4
rad/s
D) 2.2010
4
rad/s
E) 1.1010
4
rad/s
Answer: A
Var:1
16) Aseriesaccircuitconsistsofavoltagesourceoffrequency60Hzandsourcevoltage
amplitude345volts,a701-resistor,a1.6-Fcapacitor,andaninductorofinductance L.
(a)WhatmustbethevalueofLforthephaseangletobezero?
(b)WhenLhasthevaluecalculatedinpart(a),whatisthecurrentamplitudeinthecircuit?
Answer: (a)4.4H(b)0.492A
Var:50+
17) AseriesLRCcircuitconsistsofanacvoltagesourceofamplitude75.0Vandvariable
frequency,a12.5-Fcapacitor,a5.00-mHinductor,anda35.0-resistor.
(a)Towhatangularfrequencyshouldtheacsourcebesetsothatthecurrentamplitudehasits
largestvalue?
(b)Undertheconditionsofpart(a),whatisthemaximumcurrentamplitude?
(c)Supposethatthevoltagesourceissettotwicetheangularfrequencyneededinpart(a).
Whatwillbethecurrentamplitudeinthiscase?
Answer: (a)4.0010
3
rad/s(b)2.14A(c)1.63A
Var:1
18) Anaccircuitisshowninthefigure.Thermscurrentinthecircuitis1.3A.Whatisthepeak
magneticenergyintheinductance?
A) 0.32J
B) 0.16J
C) 0.48J
D) 0.64J
E) 0.80J
Answer: A
Var:1
19) A120-Vrmsvoltageat60.0Hzisappliedacrossaninductor,acapacitor,andaresistorin
series.Ifthepeakcurrentinthiscircuitis0.8484A,whatistheimpedanceofthiscircuit?
A) 200
B) 141
C) 20.4
D) 120
E) 100
Answer: A
Var:1
20) A25.0-mHinductor,a2.00-Fcapacitor,andacertainresistorareconnectedinseriesacross
anacvoltagesourceat1000Hz.Iftheimpedanceofthiscircuitis200,whatistheresistance
oftheresistor?
A) 100
B) 184
C) 200
D) 552
E) 579
Answer: B
Var:1
21) Aseriescircuithasaresistanceof4.0,areactance(duetothecapacitance)of21.0,anda
reactance(duetotheinductance)of17.0.Findtheimpedanceofthecircuit.
A) 5.7
B) 27
C) 8.0
D) 42
Answer: A
Var:1
22) ThephaseangleofanLRCseriescircuitwithaninductivereactanceof200andacapacitive
reactanceof100is40.0.Whatisthevalueoftheresistorinthiscircuit?
A) 100
B) 119
C) 156
D) 200
E) 265
Answer: B
Var:1
23) ThephaseangleofanLRCseriescircuitwithaninductivereactanceof200,aresistorof200
andacertaincapacitorat1000Hzis40.0.Whatisthevalueofthecapacitanceinthis
circuit?
A) 1.95F
B) 2.95F
C) 3.95F
D) 4.95F
E) 5.95F
Answer: D
Var:1
24) ThephaseangleofanLRCseriescircuitwithacapacitivereactanceof40,aresistorof100
andacertaininductorat1000Hzis40.0.Whatisthevalueoftheinductanceinthiscircuit?
A) 11.8mH
B) 124mH
C) 212mH
D) 61.9mH
E) 19.7mH
Answer: E
Var:1
25) AnLRCseriescircuithasvoltagesuppliedtoitatafrequencyof13.0kHzwithaphase
differencebetweenthecurrentandthevoltageofmagnitude0.20rad.Ifthecircuithasa
capacitanceof5.0Fandaninductanceof0.050Hfindtheresistanceofthecircuit.
A) 20k
B) 0.99k
C) 9.0k
D) 0.32k
Answer: A
Var:1
26) AseriesLRCaccircuithasaresistanceof4.0k,acapacitanceof33.0F,andaninductance
of23.0H.Ifthefrequencyofthealternatingcurrentis2.0/kHz,whatisthephaseangle
betweenthevoltageandthecurrent?
A) 1.5rad
B) -1.6rad
C) 23rad
D) 3.1rad
Answer: A
Var:1
27) AnLRCacseriescircuithasR= 15,L = 25mH,andC = 30F.Thecircuitisconnectedtoa
120-V(rms)acsourcewithfrequency200Hz.
(a)Whatistheaveragepowerdissipatedbythecircuit?
(b)Whatisthepowerfactorforthecircuit?
Answer: (a)870W(b)0.95
Var:1
28) AnLRCacseriescircuitwithR = 15,L = 25mH,andC = 30F,isattachedtoa100-V(rms)
acpowersupply.Thefrequencyofthepowersupplyisadjustedsothatthecircuitisin
resonance.
(a)Whatisthermscurrentinthecircuit?
(b)Whatisthepowerdissipatedbythecircuit?
Answer: (a)6.7A(b)670W
Var:1
29) Whatistheaveragepowerdissipatedbya25-resistorinanLRC seriesaccircuitforwhich
thepowerfactorisequalto0.25andthemaximumvoltageoftheacsourceis8.0V?
A) 0.040W
B) 0.32W
C) 0.16W
D) 0.62W
E) 0.080W
Answer: E
Var:1
30) AseriesLRCaccircuithasapeakvoltageof111 V andapeakcurrentof2.00A.Ifthecurrent
lagsthevoltageby35.0,whatistheaveragepowerofthecircuit?
A) 91W
B) 182W
C) 78W
D) 156W
Answer: A
Var:50+
31) AnLRCaccircuithasareactance(duetoitscapacitance)of17k,areactance(duetoits
inductance)of9.0k,andaresistanceof28k.Whatisthepowerfactorofthecircuit?
A) 0.96
B) 0.28
C) 1.04
D) 0.48
Answer: A
Var:1
32) ForanRLCaccircuit,thermscurrentis10A.Iftheimpedanceis12kwhenthevoltage
leadsthecurrentby39,findtheaveragepowerofthecircuit.
A) 930kW
B) 47kW
C) 93kW
D) 190kW
Answer: A
Var:1
33) AseriesLRCaccircuithasapeakcurrentof1.0Awithafrequencyof54kHz.Iftheresistance
ofthecircuitis51k,thecapacitanceofthecircuitis19F,andtheinductanceofthecircuitis
25H,determinetheaveragepowerofthecircuit.
A) 26kW
B) 77kW
C) 7.7kW
D) 4.1kW
Answer: A
Var:1
34) Aseriescircuitconsistsofa50-Hzacsource,a40-resistor,a0.30-Hinductor,anda60-F
capacitor.Thermscurrentinthecircuitismeasuredtobe1.6A.Whatisthepowerfactorof
thecircuit?
A) 0.70
B) 0.66
C) 0.63
D) 0.59
E) 0.56
Answer: A
Var:1
35) Anacseriescircuitconsistsofavoltagesourceoffrequency60Hzandvoltageamplitude V,a
533-resistor,andacapacitorofcapacitance6.4F.Whatmustbethesourcevoltage
amplitudeVfortheaverageelectricalpowerconsumedintheresistortobe989W?Thereisno
inductanceinthecircuit.
Answer: 1300V
Var:50+
36) ForanLRCseriescircuitcontainingaresistanceof11.0 k, acapacitanceof2.0F,andan
inductanceof24.0H,whatfrequencyisneededtominimizetheimpedance?
A) 0.023kHz
B) 0.14kHz
C) 10kHz
D) 1.7kHz
Answer: A
Var:50+
37) AseriesLRCcircuitconsistsofa100-resistor,a0.100-Fcapacitoranda2.00-mHinductor
connectedacrossa120-Vrmsacvoltagesourceoperatingat
1000
.Atwhatfrequencywillthis
circuitbeinresonance?
A) 70.7kHz
B) 17.9kHz
C) 22.5kHz
D) 35.3kHz
E) 11.3kHz
Answer: E
Var:1
38) Anacsourcehavingamaximumvoltageoutputof30Visconnectedinserieswitha50-
resistor,a0.60-Hinductor,anda20-Fcapacitor.Whatisthemaximumchargeonthe
capacitorwhenthefrequencyofthesourceisadjustedsothatthecircuitisinresonance?
A) 1.0mC
B) 0.00mC
C) 2.1mC
D) 4.2mC
E) 8.4mC
Answer: C
Var:1
39) AseriesLRCcircuitconsistsofa5.00-pFcapacitor,a7.25-mHinductor,a75.0-resistor,and
a50.0-Vacpowersourceofvariablefrequency.Atwhatfrequencywilltheimpedanceofthis
circuitbeequalto75.0?
Answer: 836kHz
Var:1
40) AseriesLRCcircuitconsistsofa12.0-mHinductor,a15.0-Fcapacitor,aresistor,anda
110-V(rms)acvoltagesource.Iftheimpedanceofthiscircuitis45.0atresonance,whatisits
impedanceatafrequencytwicetheresonancefrequency?
Answer: 61.8
Var:1
Chapter36 Relativity
1) Arocketismovingat1/4thespeedoflightrelativetoEarth.Atthecenterofthisrocket,alight
suddenlyflashes.ToanobserveratrestonEarth
A) thelightwillreachthefrontoftherocketatthesameinstantthatitreachesthebackof
therocket.
B) thelightwillreachthefrontoftherocketbeforeitreachesthebackoftherocket.
C) thelightwillreachthefrontoftherocketafteritreachesthebackoftherocket.
Answer: C
Var:1
2) Arocketismovingat1/4thespeedoflightrelativetoEarth.Atthecenterofthisrocket,alight
suddenlyflashes.Toanobserveratrestintherocket
A) thelightwillreachthefrontoftherocketatthesameinstantthatitreachesthebackof
therocket.
B) thelightwillreachthefrontoftherocketbeforeitreachesthebackoftherocket.
C) thelightwillreachthefrontoftherocketafteritreachesthebackoftherocket.
Answer: A
Var:1
3) Anastronautinaninertialreferenceframemeasuresatimeintervalt betweenherheartbeats.
Whatwillobserversinallotherinertialreferenceframesmeasureforthetimeintervalbetween
herheartbeats?
A) t
B) morethant
C) lessthant
D) Theanswerdependsonwhethertheyaremovingtowardherorawayfromher.
Answer: B
Var:1
4) Youareapassengeronaspaceship.Asthespeedofthespaceshipincreases,youwould
observethat
A) thelengthofyourspaceshipisgettingshorter.
B) thelengthofyourspaceshipisgettinglonger.
C) thelengthofyourspaceshipisnotchanging.
Answer: C
Var:1
5) Astarismovingtowardstheearthwithaspeedat90%thespeedoflight.Itemitslight,which
movesawayfromthestaratthespeedoflight.Relativetousonearth,whatisthespeedofthe
lightmovingtowardusfromthestar?
A) 0.90c
B) c
C) 1.1c
D) 1.20c
E) 1.9c
Answer: B
Var:1
6) Thespecialtheoryofrelativitypredictsthatthereisanupperlimittothespeedofaparticle.It
thereforefollowsthatthereisalsoanupperlimitonthefollowingpropertiesofaparticle.
A) thekineticenergy
B) thetotalenergy
C) thelinearmomentum
D) morethanoneofthese
E) noneofthese
Answer: E
Var:1
36.2 Problems
1) AstronautSpudNickisspace-travelingfromplanetX toplanetY ataspeedof0.60crelativeto
theplanets,whichareatrestrelativetoeachother.Whenheispreciselyhalfwaybetweenthe
planets,adistanceof1.0light-hourfromeachoneasmeasuredintheplanetframe,nuclear
devicesaredetonatedoneachplanet.Theexplosionsaresimultaneousintheframeofthe
planets.Whatisthedifferenceinthetimeofarrivaloftheflashesfromtheexplosionsas
observedbySpud?
A) 300min
B) 150min
C) 75min
D) 0min
E) 113min
Answer: E
Var:1
2) AstronautMarkUriisspace-travelingfromplanetXtoplanetYataspeedof 0.65crelativeto
theplanets,whichareatrestrelativetoeachother.Whenheispreciselyhalfwaybetweenthe
planets,adistanceof1.0light-hourfromeachoneasmeasuredintheplanetframe,nuclear
devicesaredetonatedonbothplanets.TheexplosionsaresimultaneousinMarksframe.What
isthedifferenceinthetimeofarrivaloftheflashesfromtheexplosionsasobservedbyMark?
A) 0min
B) 180min
C) 90min
D) 360min
E) 113min
Answer: A
Var:50+
Chapter36:Relativity
3) AsmeasuredinEarthsrestframe,aspaceshiptravelingat 0.964c takes11.2ytotravelbetween
planets.Howlongdoesthetriptakeasmeasuredbysomeoneonthespaceship?
A) 2.98y
B) 7.28y
C) 42.1y
D) 30.7y
Answer: A
Var:50+
4) Anastronautonaspaceshipmovingat0.927c saysthatthetripbetweentwostationarystars
took7.49y.Howlongdoesthisjourney takeasmeasuredbysomeoneatrestrelativetothe
twostars?
A) 20.0y
B) 2.81y
C) 4.05y
D) 22.1y
Answer: A
Var:50+
5) SomeoneinEarthsrestframesaysthataspaceshipstripbetweentwoplanetstook10.0y,
whileanastronautonthespaceshipsaysthatthetriptook6.27y.Findthespeedofthe
spaceshipintermsofthespeedoflight.
A) 0.779c
B) 0.687c
C) 0.975c
D) 0.384c
Answer: A
Var:50+
6) Anunstableparticleismovingataspeedof2.6 10
8
m/srelativetoalaboratory.Itslifetime
ismeasuredbyastationaryobserverinthelaboratorytobe4.710
-6
seconds.Whatisthe
lifetimeoftheparticle,measuredintherestframeoftheparticle?( c=3.0010
8
m/s)
Answer: 2.3s
Var:1
7) TheclosestknownstartooursolarsystemisAlphaCentauri,whichisapproximately4.30
lightyearsaway.Aspaceshipwithaconstantspeedof0.800crelativetotheearthtravelsfrom
Earthtothisstar.
(a)Howmuchtimewouldelapseduringthetriponaclockonboardthespaceship?
(b)HowmuchtimewouldelapseduringthetriponaclockonEarth?
Answer: (a)3.23y(b)5.38y
Var:1
8) Aspaceshipapproachestheearthwithaspeed0.50c.Apassengerinthespaceshipmeasures
hisheartbeatas70beatsperminute.Whatishisheartbeatrateaccordingtoanobserverthatis
atrestrelativetotheearth?
A) 69beatsperminute
B) 73beatsperminute
C) 65beatsperminute
D) 61beatsperminute
E) 80beatsperminute
Answer: D
Var:1
9) Asetoftwins,AndreaandCourtney,areinitially10yearsold.WhileCourtneyremainson
Earth,AndrearidesonaspaceshipwhichtravelsawayfromEarthataspeedof0.60cforfive
years(asmeasuredbyCourtney),thenimmediatelyturnsaroundandcomesbackat0.60 c.
WhenAndreareturns,Courtneyis20yearsold.HowoldisAndreauponherreturn?
A) 10y
B) 12y
C) 15y
D) 18y
E) 20y
Answer: D
Var:1
10) Relativetotheframeoftheobservermakingthemeasurement,atwhatspeedparalleltoits
lengthisthelengthofameterstick60cm?
A) 0.80c
B) 0.60c
C) 0.50c
D) 0.70c
E) 0.90c
Answer: A
Var:1
11) AnastronautleavesEarthinaspaceshipataspeedof0.960 c relativetoanobserveronEarth.
Theastronautsdestinationisastarsystem14.4light-yearsaway(onelight-yearisthe
distancelighttravelsinoneyear.)Accordingtotheastronaut,howlongdoesthetriptake?
A) 14.4y
B) 22.7y
C) 9.34y
D) 15.0y
E) 4.20y
Answer: E
Var:1
12) Intheircommonrestframe,twostarsare90.0light-years(ly)apart.Iftheyare12.0lyapartas
measuredbythenavigatorinaspaceshiptravelingbetweenthem,howfastisthespaceship
moving?Expressyouranswerintermsofc.
A) 0.991c
B) 0.986c
C) 0.980c
D) 0.972c
Answer: A
Var:50+
13) Aparticleina453m-longlinearparticleacceleratorismovingat0.875c. Howlongdoesthe
particleacceleratorappeartotheparticle?
A) 219m
B) 589m
C) 104m
D) 936m
Answer: A
Var:50+
14) Aspaceshipismovingbetweentwodistantstarsat0.932c.Tosomeoneintheship,the
distancebetweenthetwostarsappearstobe26.9light-years(ly).Whatisthedistance
betweenthestarsintherestframeofthestars?
A) 74.2ly
B) 9.75ly
C) 21.5ly
D) 56.5ly
Answer: A
Var:50+
15) Twospacestationsareatrestrelativetoeachotherandare6.0 10
7
mapart,asmeasuredby
observersonthestations.Aspaceshiptravelingfromonestationtotheotherat0.90crelative
tothestationspassesbothofthem,oneaftertheother.Asmeasuredbyanobserverinthe
spaceship,howlongdoesittaketotravelfromonestationtotheother?( c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 97ms
B) 220ms
C) 510ms
D) 58ms
E) 39ms
Answer: A
Var:1
16) Aspacecraftismeasuredbyanobserveronthegroundtohavealengthof53masitflies
towardtheearthwithaspeed1.710
8
m/s.Thespacecraftthenlandsanditslengthisagain
measuredbytheobserverontheground,thistimewhilethespacecraftisatrestonthe
launchpad.Whatresultdoeshenowgetforthelength?( c=3.0010
8
m/s)
Answer: 64m
Var:1
17) SystemS hasavelocityu=+0.45c relativetosystemS,asshowninthefigure.TheclocksofS
andS aresynchronizedatt=t =0whentheoriginsOandO coincide.Aneventisobserved
inbothsystems.Theeventtakesplaceatx=600mandattime t=1.9s,asmeasuredbyan
observerinS.Whatisthex -coordinateoftheevent,measuredbyanobserverinS ?
A) 380m
B) 340m
C) 360m
D) 350m
E) 310m
Answer: A
Var:1
18) SystemS hasavelocityu=+0.56c relativetosystemS,asshowninthefigure.TheclocksofS
andS aresynchronizedatt=t =0whentheoriginsOandO coincide.Aneventisobserved
inbothsystems.Theeventtakesplaceatx=800mandattimet=3.0sasmeasuredbyan
observerinS.Whatisthetimet oftheevent,measuredbyanobserverinS ?
A) 1.8s
B) -4.9s
C) 1.7s
D) 1.3s
E) 1.5s
Answer: A
Var:1
19) Inanatomsmasher,twoparticlescollideheadonatrelativisticspeeds.Ifthevelocityofthe
firstparticleis0.741ctotheleft,andthevelocityofthesecondparticleis0.350ctotheright
(bothofthesespeedsaremeasuredinEarthsrestframe),howfastaretheparticlesmoving
withrespecttoeachother?
A) 0.866c
B) 1.091c
C) 0.883c
D) 0.788c
Answer: A
Var:50+
20) Aspaceshipapproachinganasteroidataspeedof0.60c launchesarocketforwardwitha
speedof0.40crelativetothespaceship.Atwhatspeedistherocketapproachingtheasteroid
asmeasuredbyanastronautontheasteroid?
A) 0.81c
B) 1.0c
C) 0.76c
D) 0.64c
E) 0.96c
Answer: A
Var:1
21) ThecaptainofspaceshipAobservesenemyspaceshipE escapingwitharelativevelocityof
0.48c,asshowninthefigure.AmissileMisfiredfromshipA,withavelocityof0.72crelative
toshipA.WhatistherelativevelocityofapproachofmissileM,observedbythecrewonship
E?
A) 0.37c
B) 0.24c
C) 0.34c
D) 0.30c
E) 0.27c
Answer: A
Var:1
22) ThreespaceshipsA,B,andCareinmotion,asshowninthefigure.Thecommanderonship B
observesshipCapproachingwitharelativevelocityof0.78c.Thecommanderalsoobserves
shipA,advancingintherear,witharelativevelocityof0.31c.WhatisthevelocityofshipC,
relativetoanobserveronshipA?
A) 0.88c
B) 0.38c
C) 1.4c
D) 0.62c
E) 1.1c
Answer: A
Var:1
23) ThreespaceshipsA,B,andCareinmotionasshowninthefigure.Thecommanderonship B
observesshipCapproachingwitharelativevelocityof0.83c.Thecommanderalsoobserves
shipA,advancingintherear,witharelativevelocityof0.48c.Asmeasuredbycommanderon
shipB,atwhatspeedisshipAapproachingshipC?
A) 1.3c
B) 0.94c
C) 0.25c
D) 0.58c
E) 2.2c
Answer: A
Var:1
24) Considerthreegalaxies,Alpha,BetaandGamma.AnobserverinBetaseestheothertwo
galaxieseachmovingawayfromhiminoppositedirectionsatspeed0.70c.Atwhatspeed
wouldanobserverinAlphaseethegalaxyBetamoving?
A) 0.82c
B) 0.70c
C) 0.94c
D) 0.35c
E) 0.57c
Answer: B
Var:1
25) Twospaceshipsareapproachingoneanother,eachataspeedof 0.28c relativetoastationary
observeronEarth.Whatspeeddoesanobserverononespaceshiprecordfortheother
approachingspaceship?
Answer: 0.52c
Var:50+
26) Aspaceshipismovingawayfromtheearthwithaconstantspeedof0.80c.Thespaceshipfires
a28-kgmissilewithaspeedof0.50crelativetothespaceship.Whatisthespeedofthemissile
measuredbyobserversontheearthifthemissileisfired
(a)awayfromtheearth?
(b)towardtheearth?
Answer: (a)0.93c (b)0.50c
Var:1
27) Atwhatspeedrelativetothelabwilla 0.272-kgobjecthavethesamemomentumasa1.30-kg
objectthatismovingat0.515crelativetothelab?
A) 0.944c
B) 0.922c
C) 0.981c
D) 0.592c
Answer: A
Var:50+
28) Aparticleismovingat0.75crelativetoalabonEarth.BywhatpercentageistheNewtonian
expressionforitsmomentuminerror?(Thepercentageerroristhedifferencebetweenthe
erroneousandcorrectvalues,dividedbythe correctone).
A) 34%
B) 28%
C) 38%
D) 43%
Answer: A
Var:46
29) Inthelab,arelativisticprotonhasamomentumof1.00 10
-19
kgm/sandarestenergyof
0.150nJ.Whatisthespeedoftheprotoninthelab?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,m
proton
=1.6710
-27
kg)
A) 0.170c
B) 0.196c
C) 0.911c
D) 0.930c
E) 0.951c
Answer: B
Var:1
30) Anelectronhasaspeedof0.643c.Throughwhatpotentialdifferencewouldtheelectronneed
tobeaccelerated(startingfromrest)inordertoreachthisspeed?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,e=1.60
10
-19
C,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
A) 160kV
B) 130kV
C) 180kV
D) 200kV
Answer: A
Var:50+
31) Anelectronisacceleratedfromrestthroughapotentialdifferenceof50.0kV.Whatisthe
speedoftheelectron?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,e=1.6010
-19
C,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
A) 1.2410
8
m/s
B) 1.3310
8
m/s
C) 3.2410
8
m/s
D) 3.3310
8
m/s
E) 4.1210
8
m/s
Answer: A
Var:1
32) Inacertainparticleaccelerator,aprotonhasakineticenergythatisequaltoitsrestenergy.
Whatisthespeedoftheprotonrelativetotheaccelerator?
A) 0.25c
B) 0.50c
C) 0.71c
D) 0.75c
E) 0.87c
Answer: E
Var:1
33) Howmanyjoulesofenergyarerequiredtoacceleratea1.0-kgmassfromresttoaspeedof
86.6%thespeedoflight?(c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 1.810
17
J
B) 9.010
16
J
C) 2.710
12
J
D) 4.510
9
J
E) 3.010
3
J
Answer: B
Var:1
34) Howmuchworkmustbedonetoaccelerateaparticleofmass 2.110
-14
kgfromaspeedof
1.510
8
m/stoaspeedof2.510
8
m/s?(c=3.0010
8
m/s)
Answer: 1200J
Var:50+
35) Assumethatacertaincityconsumeselectricalenergyatanaveragerateof2.0 10
9
W.What
wouldbethemasschangeinproducingenoughenergytokeepthiscityrunningfor 21weeks?
(c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 0.28kg
B) 0.32kg
C) 0.40kg
D) 0.48kg
Answer: A
Var:17
36) Duringanuclearreaction,theparticlesinvolvedlose 4.810
-28
kgofmass.Howmany
joulesofenergyarereleasedbythisreaction?(c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 4.310
-11
J
B) 1.410
-19
J
C) 1.610
-36
J
D) 2.110
-40
J
E) 5.310
-45
J
Answer: A
Var:1
37) Duringanuclearreaction,1.710
-4
Jofenergyisreleased.Whatistheresultingchangein
massoftheparticlesinvolved?(c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 5.110
-4
kg
B) 4.310
-11
kg
C) 1.510
-13
kg
D) 4.810
-18
kg
E) 1.910
-21
kg
Answer: E
Var:1
38) Anelectronisacceleratedfromrestthroughapotentialdifferenceof50.0kV.Whatisthe
TOTALenergyoftheelectron?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,e=1.6010
-19
C,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
A) 8.0010
-15
J
B) 16.210
-15
J
C) 8.2010
-14
J
D) 9.0010
-14
J
E) 16.210
-14
J
Answer: D
Var:1
39) Arelativisticprotonhasamomentumof 1.010
-17
kgm/sandarestenergyof0.15nJ.What
isthekineticenergyofthisproton?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,m
proton
=1.6710
-27
kg)
A) 1.3pJ
B) 1.6pJ
C) 3.0pJ
D) 2.2pJ
E) 2.5pJ
Answer: C
Var:1
40) Aprotoninacertainparticleacceleratorhasakineticenergythatisequaltoitsrestenergy.
WhatistheTOTALenergyoftheprotonasmeasuredbyaphysicistworkingwiththe
accelerator?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,m
proton
=1.6710
-27
kg)
A) 5.6910
-11
J
B) 1.5010
-10
J
C) 2.0710
-10
J
D) 3.0110
-10
J
E) 8.7710
-10
J
Answer: D
Var:1
41) Aprotoninacertainparticleacceleratorhasakineticenergythatisequaltoitsrestenergy.
Whatisthemomentumoftheprotonasmeasuredbyaphysicistworkingwiththe
accelerator?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,m
proton
=1.6710
-27
kg)
A) 2.5110
-19
kgm/s
B) 2.8910
-19
kgm/s
C) 4.3410
-19
kgm/s
D) 5.0110
-19
kgm/s
E) 8.6810
-19
kgm/s
Answer: E
Var:1
42) Howfastmustaprotonmovesothatitskineticenergyis80%ofitstotalenergy?
A) 0.020c
B) 0.87c
C) 0.92c
D) 0.98c
E) 0.80c
Answer: D
Var:1
43) AsaspaceshipismovingtowardEarth,anEarthlingmeasuresitslengthtobe325m,while
thecaptainonboardradiosthatherspaceshipslengthis1150m.(c=3.0010
8
m/s)
(a)HowfastistherocketmovingrelativetoEarth?
(b)WhatistheTOTALenergyofa75.0-kgcrewmanasmeasuredby(i)thecaptaininthe
rocketand(ii)theEarthling?
Answer: (a)0.959c=2.8810
8
m/s
(b)(i)6.7510
18
J(ii)2.3910
19
J
Var:1
Chapter37 TheFoundationsofModernPhysics
1) AtabsolutetemperatureT,ablackbodyradiatesitspeakintensityatwavelength.At
absolutetemperature2T,whatwouldbethewavelengthofthepeakintensity?
A) 16
B) 2
C)
D) /2
E) /16
Answer: D
Var:1
37.2 Problems
1) Whatisthefrequencyofthelightemittedbyatomichydrogenwithm = 8andn=12?(The
RydbergconstantisR=1.09710
7
m
-1
,
c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 2.8610
13
Hz
B) 1.4310
13
Hz
C) 7.4610
13
Hz
D) 8.8210
13
Hz
E) 1.0510
13
Hz
Answer: A
Var:1
2) Inthevicinityofwhatfrequencydoesanobjectwithatemperatureof1000Kradiatethe
largestamountofpower?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,Wiendisplacementlawconstantequals2.90
10
-3
mK,=5.67010
-8
W/m
2
K
4
)
A) 1.010
14
Hz
B) 8.010
14
Hz
C) 2.310
14
Hz
D) 6.710
14
Hz
E) 4.110
14
Hz
Answer: A
Var:1
3) Whatisthewavelengthofpeakemissionforablackbodyat37C?(c=3.010
8
m/s,Wien
displacementlawconstantis2.910
-3
mK,=5.6710
-8
W/m
2
K
4
)
A) 94m
B) 9.4m
C) 29m
D) 7.8m
E) 78m
Answer: B
Var:1
4) Aperfectlyblackbodyat100CemitslightofintensityI thathasthestrongestintensitynear
wavelength.Thetemperatureofthisbodyisnowincreasedto200C.
(a)IntermsofI,whatistheintensityatwhichthishotterbodyradiates?
(b)Intermsof,nearwhatwavelengthdoeslightradiatedfromthishotterbodyhavethe
strongestintensity?
Answer: (a)2.6I(b)0.80
Var:1
5) Anelectriccurrentthroughatungstenfilamentmaintainsitstemperatureat2800K.Assume
thetungstenfilamentbehavesasanidealradiatoratthattemperature.Nearwhatwavelength
doesthefilamentemitthegreatestpower?(=5.6710
-8
W/m
2
K
4
,Wiendisplacementlaw
constantis2.910
-3
mK)
A) 1000nm
B) 1200nm
C) 1400nm
D) 1600nm
E) 1800nm
Answer: A
Var:1
6) Anelectriccurrentthroughatungstenfilamentmaintainsitstemperatureat2800K.Assume
thetungstenfilamentbehavesasanidealradiatoratthattemperature.Iftheradiatingareaof
thefilamentis2.010
-6
m
2
,atwhatratedoesitradiateenergy?(=5.67010
-8
W/m
2
K
4
,
Wiendisplacementlawconstantis2.9010
-3
mK)
A) 5.5W
B) 7.0W
C) 8.5W
D) 10W
E) 11.5W
Answer: B
Var:1
7) Aperfectlyblacksphere18.0cmindiameterisheldatatemperatureof215C.( =5.670
10
-8
W/m
2
K
4
,Wiendisplacementlawconstantis2.9010
-3
mK,h=6.62610
-34
Js,c
=3.0010
8
m/s)
(a)Nearwhatwavelengthdoesthissphereradiatemoststrongly?
(b)Ifalltheradiatedenergywereatthewavelengthfoundinpart(a),howmanyphotons
wouldthesphereemiteachsecond?
Answer: (a)5.94m(b)9.7910
21
photons
Var:1
Chapter38 Quantization
1) Monochromaticlightstrikesametalsurfaceandelectronsareejectedfromthemetal.Ifthe
intensityofthelightisincreased,whatwillhappentotheejectionrateandmaximumenergy
oftheelectrons?
A) greaterejectionrate;samemaximumenergy
B) sameejectionrate;greatermaximumenergy
C) greaterejectionrate;greatermaximumenergy
D) sameejectionrate;samemaximumenergy
Answer: A
Var:1
2) Abeamofredlightandabeamofvioletlighteachdeliverthesamepoweronasurface.For
whichbeamisthenumberofphotonshittingthesurfacepersecondthegreatest?
A) theredbeam
B) thevioletbeam
C) Itisthesameforbothbeams.
Answer: A
Var:1
3) AnonrelativisticelectronandanonrelativisticprotonhavethesamedeBrogliewavelength.
Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheseparticlesareaccurate?(Theremaybemorethan
onecorrectchoice.)
A) Bothparticleshavethesamespeed.
B) Bothparticleshavethesamekineticenergy.
C) Bothparticleshavethesamemomentum.
D) Theelectronhasmorekineticenergythantheproton.
E) Theelectronhasmoremomentumthantheproton.
Answer: C,D
Var:1
4) Thesmallestkineticenergythatanelectroninabox(aninfinitewell)canhaveiszero.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
38.2 Problems
1) Lightofwavelength400nmfallsonametalsurfacehavingaworkfunction1.70eV.Whatis
themaximumkineticenergyofthephotoelectronsemittedfromthemetal?( c=3.0010
8
m/s,
h=6.62610
-34
Js=4.14110
-15
evs,1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 4.52eV
B) 3.11eV
C) 1.41eV
D) 2.82eV
E) 1.70eV
Answer: C
Var:1
2) Whenacertainmetalisilluminatedbylight,photoelectronsareobservedprovidedthatthe
wavelengthofthelightislessthan669nm.Whichoneofthefollowingvaluesisclosesttothe
workfunctionofthismetal?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,c=3.0010
8
m/s,1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 1.9eV
B) 2.0eV
C) 2.2eV
D) 2.3eV
Answer: A
Var:50+
3) Uponbeingstruckby240-nmphotons,ametalejectselectronswithamaximumkinetic
energyof1.45eV.Whatistheworkfunctionofthismetal?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,c=3.00
10
8
m/s,1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 3.73eV
B) 3.13eV
C) 4.33eV
D) 4.92eV
Answer: A
Var:50+
4) Inaphotoelectriceffectexperiment,electronsemergefromacoppersurfacewithamaximum
kineticenergyof1.10eVwhenlightshinesonthesurface.Theworkfunctionofcopperis4.65
eV.Whichoneofthefollowingvaluesisclosesttothewavelengthofthelight?(h=6.626
10
-34
Js,c=3.0010
8
m/s,1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 220nm
B) 150nm
C) 360nm
D) 1100nm
Answer: A
Var:27
Chapter38:Quantization
5) Ametalhavingaworkfunctionof 2.5 eV isilluminatedwithwhitelightthathasacontinuous
wavelengthbandfrom400nmto700nm.Forwhichoneofthefollowingrangesofthe
wavelengthbandinthiswhitelightarephotoelectronsNOTproduced?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,
c=3.0010
8
m/s,1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 500nmto700nm
B) 400nmto560nm
C) 500nmto560nm
D) 400nmto500nm
E) 560nmto700nm
Answer: A
Var:10
6) Ametalhavingaworkfunctionof 2.4 eVisilluminatedwithmonochromaticlightwhose
photonenergyis4.0eV.Whatisthemaximumkineticenergyofthephotoelectronsproduced
bythislight?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 2.610
-19
J
B) 3.810
-19
J
C) 4.710
-19
J
D) 5.510
-19
J
E) 6.410
-19
J
Answer: A
Var:50+
7) Ametalhavingaworkfunctionof 2.8 eVis illuminatedwithmonochromaticlightwhose
photonenergyis3.9eV.Whatisthethresholdfrequencyforphotoelectronproduction?(h=
6.62610
-34
Js,1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 6.810
14

Hz
B) 2.710
14
Hz
C) 7.610
14

Hz
D) 8.510
14
Hz
E) 9.410
14
Hz
Answer: A
Var:50+
8) Astoppingpotentialof0.50Visrequiredwhenaphototubeisilluminatedwith
monochromaticlightofwavelength590nm.Monochromaticlightofadifferentwavelengthis
nowshownonthetube,andthestoppingpotentialismeasuredtobe2.30V.Whatisthe
wavelengthofthisnewlight?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,e=-1.6010
-19
C,h=6.62610
-34
Js,1
eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 320nm
B) 300nm
C) 340nm
D) 360nm
E) 410nm
Answer: A
Var:50+
9) Ametalsurfacehasaworkfunctionof 1.50 eV.Calculatethemaximumkineticenergy,ineV,
ofelectronsejectedfromthissurfacebyelectromagneticradiationofwavelength311nm.(c=
3.0010
8
m/s,h=6.62610
-34
Js,e=-1.6010
-19
C,1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
Answer: 2.50eV
Var:50+
10) Whenametalsurfaceisilluminatedwithlightofwavelength437nm,thestoppingpotential
forphotoelectronsis1.67V.(c=3.0010
8
m/s,h=6.62610
-34
Js,e=-1.6010
-19
C,1eV
=1.6010
-19
J,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
(a)Whatistheworkfunctionofthemetal,ineV?
(b)Whatisthemaximumspeedoftheejectedelectrons?
Answer: (a)1.17eV(b)7.6610
5
m/s
Var:1
11) Gammaraysarephotonswithveryhighenergy.Howmanyvisible-lightphotonswitha
wavelengthof500nmwouldyouneedtomatchtheenergyofagamma-rayphotonwith
energy4.110
-13
J?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 1.010
6
B) 1.410
8
C) 6.210
9
D) 3.910
3
Answer: A
Var:50+
12) An84-kWAMradiostationbroadcastsat1000kHz.Howmanyphotonsareemittedeach
secondbythetransmittingantenna?(h=6.62610
-34
Js)
A) 1.310
32
B) 2.910
24
C) 6.310
12
D) 1.410
15
Answer: A
Var:50+
13) Alightbeamfroma2.1-mWHe-Nelaserhasawavelengthof633nm.Howmanyphotons
doesthelaseremitinonesecond?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 6.710
15
B) 8.810
15
C) 1.110
16
D) 1.310
16
Answer: A
Var:50+
14) Alaseremitslightofwavelength463 nmduringabriefpulsethatlastsfor25msandhasa
totalenergyof1.2J.Howmanyphotonsareemittedinthatsinglepulse?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,h
=6.62610
-34
Js)
A) 2.810
18
B) 6.910
19
C) 3.410
19
D) 1.110
17
E) 2.210
17
Answer: A
Var:50+
15) TheBohrradiusofthehydrogenatomis0.529 10
-10
m.Whatistheradiusofthen=2state?
A) 1.0610
-10
m
B) 2.1210
-10
m
C) 0.26510
-10
m
D) 0.52910
-10
m
E) 4.2310
-10
m
Answer: B
Var:1
16) TheenergyofthegroundstateintheBohrmodelofthehydrogenatomis -13.6eV.The
energyofthen=2stateofhydrogeninthismodelisclosestto
A) -3.4eV.
B) -6.8eV.
C) -1.7eV.
D) -13.6eV.
E) -4.5eV.
Answer: A
Var:1
17) TheenergyofthegroundstateintheBohrmodelofthehydrogenatomis -13.6eV.Ina
transitionfromthen=2statetothen=4state,aphotonofenergy
A) 3.40eVisemitted.
B) 3.40eVisabsorbed.
C) 2.55eVisemitted.
D) 2.55eVisabsorbed.
E) 0.85eVisabsorbed.
Answer: D
Var:1
18) Whatisthefrequencyofthelightemittedbyatomichydrogenwithm = 8andn=12?(The
7
m
-1
,
c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 2.8610
13
Hz
B) 1.4310
13
Hz
C) 7.4610
13
Hz
D) 8.8210
13
Hz
E) 1.0510
13
Hz
Answer: A
Var:1
19) Whatistheorbitalradiusofthe n = 3 excitedstateintheBohrmodelofthehydrogenatom?
Theground-stateradiusofthehydrogenatomis0.52910
-
10m.
A) 0.476nm
B) 0.159nm
C) 0.381nm
D) 0.548nm
Answer: A
Var:3
20) Lightexcitesatomichydrogenfromitslowestleveltothe n = 4level.Whatistheenergyofthe
light?Theenergyofthelowestlevelis-13.6eV.
A) 12.8eV
B) 3.40eV
C) 0.850eV
D) 26.4eV
Answer: A
Var:1
21) Lightshinesthroughatomichydrogengas.Itisseenthatthegasabsorbslightreadilyata
wavelengthof91.63nm.Whatisthevalueof noftheleveltowhichthehydrogenisbeing
excitedbytheabsorptionoflightofthiswavelength?Assumethatthemostoftheatomsinthe
gasareinthelowestlevel.(h=6.62610
-34
Js,c=3.0010
8
m/s,1eV=1.6010
-19
J,the
7
m
-1
)
A) 14
B) 16
C) 11
D) 21
Answer: A
Var:1
22) Ahydrogenatomisinitsn=2excitedstatewhenitselectronabsorbsaphotonofenergy
8.5eV.Whatistheenergyoftheresultingfreeelectron?Thelowestlevelenergystateof
hydrogenis-13.6eV.(h=6.62610
-34
Js,1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 5.1eV
B) 6.6eV
C) 6.9eV
D) 7.6eV
Answer: A
Var:50
23) Ahydrogenatominitiallyinthen = 6 statedecaystothen = 2 state.Theemittedphotonis
detectedinaphotographicplate.Whatisthewavelengthofthedetectedphoton?Thelowest
levelenergystateofhydrogenis -13.6eV.(h=6.62610
-34
Js,1eV=1.6010
-19
J,c=3.00
10
8
m/s)
A) 410nm
B) 93.8nm
C) 1090nm
D) 93.1nm
Answer: A
Var:44
24) Ahydrogenatomisexcitedtothen = 10stated.Itthendecaystothe n = 4statebyemittinga
photonwhichisdetectedinaphotographicplate.Whatisthefrequencyofthedetected
photon?Thelowestlevelenergystateofhydrogenis-13.6eV.(h=6.62610
-34
Js,1eV=
1.6010
-19
J)
A) 3.4610
14
Hz
B) 0.86510
14
Hz
C) 1.2710
14
Hz
D) 4.0510
14
Hz
E) 1.7310
14
Hz
Answer: E
Var:1
25) Ahydrogenatommakesadownwardtransitionfromthe n = 20 statetothen=5state.Find
thewavelengthoftheemittedphoton.Thelowestlevelenergystateofhydrogenis -13.6eV.
(h=6.62610
-34
Js,1eV=1.6010
-19
J,c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 2.43m
B) 1.46m
C) 1.94m
D) 2.92m
Answer: A
Var:15
26) Supposethatinaparalleluniverse,theprotonandelectronwereidenticaltotheircounterparts
inourownuniverseEXCEPTthattheelectronhadtwiceasmuchchargeasourelectron.In
ourpresentuniverse,theradiusofthefirstBohrorbitforhydrogenisa
0
andthespeedofan
electroninthatorbitisv
0
.Intheparalleluniverse
(a)whatwouldbetheradius(intermsof a
0
)ofthefirstBohrorbitforhydrogen?
(b)whatwouldbethespeed(intermsofv
0
)ofanelectroninthefirstBohrorbitforhydrogen?
Answer: (a)a
0
/2(b)2v
0
Var:1
27) Calculatethekineticenergy(ineV)ofanonrelativisticneutronthathasadeBroglie
wavelengthof9.910
-12
m.(h=6.62610
-34
Js,m
neutron
=1.67510
-27
kg,1eV=1.60
10
-19
J)
Answer: 8.4eV
Var:50+
28) Inadoubleslitexperiment,abeamofelectronsstrikesapairofslits.Theslitsare15mapart,
andthefirstinterferencemaximumliesatanangleof0.50radfromthecenterofthe
interferencepattern.Whatisthemomentumoftheincomingelectrons?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,
m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
A) 4.410
-23
kgm/s
B) 2.210
-23
kgm/s
C) 1.110
-23
kgm/s
D) 6.610
-23
kgm/s
E) 8.810
-23
kgm/s
Answer: E
Var:1
29) Electronsemergefromanelectrongunwithaspeedof2.0 10
6
m/sandthenpassthrougha
pairofthinparallelslits.Interferencefringeswithaspacingof2.7mmaredetectedonascreen
farfromthedoubleslitandfairlyclosetothecenterofthepattern.Whatwouldthefringe
spacingbeiftheelectronswerereplacedbyneutronswiththesamespeed?(m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,m
neutron
=1.6710
-27
kg)
A) 1.5m
B) 4.9m
C) 0.93nm
D) 1.1m
E) 1.5nm
Answer: A
Var:1
30) WhatistheenergyofaphotonthathasawavelengthequaltothedeBrogliewavelengthofa
protonhavingaspeedof7.110
4
m/s?(m
proton
=1.6710
-27
kg,c=3.0010
8
m/s)
A) 220keV
B) 150keV
C) 290keV
D) 360keV
E) 440keV
Answer: A
Var:50+
31) HowfastmustanonrelativisticelectronmovesoitsdeBrogliewavelengthisthesameasthe
wavelengthofa3.4-eVphoton?(m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,c=3.0010
8
m/s,1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 2000m/s
B) 1900m/s
C) 1700m/s
D) 1600m/s
E) 1400m/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
32) Anonrelativisticelectronhasakineticenergyof5.4eV.Whatistheenergyofaphotonwhose
wavelengthisthesameasthedeBrogliewavelengthoftheelectron?(m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,c
=3.0010
8
m/s,1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 2.4keV
B) 2.2keV
C) 2.0keV
D) 2.5keV
E) 2.7keV
Answer: A
Var:1
33) Asingleslitisilluminatedatnormalincidencewithaparallelbeamoflighthavinga
wavelengthof411nm.Theentirecentralbandofthediffractionpatternisobservedat 90.
Theilluminationisnowreplacedbyanonrelativisticbeamofelectrons,eachhavingakinetic
energyof980eV.Whenthisbeamhitstheslitatnormalincidence,atwhatanglewillthefirst
minimumoftheelectrondiffractionpatternoccur?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 0.095mrad
B) 0.071mrad
C) 0.046mrad
D) 0.12mrad
E) 0.14mrad
Answer: A
Var:50+
34) Lightofwavelength105nmfallsonametalsurfaceforwhichtheworkfunctionis5.00eV.
WhatistheminimumdeBrogliewavelengthofthephotoelectronsemittedfromthismetal?(h
=6.62610
-34
Js=4.1410
-15
eVs,c=3.0010
8
m/s,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,1eV=1.60
10
-19
J)
A) 0.24nm
B) 0.33nm
C) 0.47nm
D) 0.66nm
E) 0.94nm
Answer: C
Var:1
35) Agasofheliumatoms(eachofmass6.6510
-27
kg)areatroomtemperatureof20.0C.What
isthedeBrogliewavelengthoftheheliumatomsthataremovingattheroot-mean-square
speed?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,theBoltzmannconstantis1.3810
-23
J/K)
A) 5.2210
-11
m
B) 7.3810
-11
m
C) 1.0410
-10
m
D) 2.8210
-10
m
E) 3.9910
-10
m
Answer: B
Var:1
36) Anonrelativisticelectronisacceleratedfromrestthroughapotentialdifference.After
accelerationtheelectronhasadeBrogliewavelengthof880nm.Whatisthepotential
differencethoughwhichthiselectronwasaccelerated?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,e=-1.60
10
-19
C
,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
A) 1.9V
B) 1.7V
C) 2.2V
D) 2.5V
Answer: A
Var:1
37) Anelectronisinaninfinitesquarewell(abox)thatis8.9nmwide.Whatisthegroundstate
energyoftheelectron?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,1eV=1.6010
-19
)
A) 0.0048eV
B) 0.0057eV
C) 0.0066eV
D) 0.0076eV
E) 0.0085eV
Answer: A
Var:1
38) Anelectronisinaninfinitesquarewell(abox)thatis 2.0 nmwide.Theelectronmakesa
transitionfromthen=8tothen=7state,whatisthewavelengthoftheemittedphoton?(h=
6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,1eV=1.6010
-19
)
A) 880nm
B) 750nm
C) 610nm
D) 1000nm
E) 1100nm
Answer: A
Var:50+
39) Anelectronisinaninfinitesquarewellthatis2.6 nmwide.Whatisthesmallestvalueofthe
statequantumnumbernforwhichtheenergylevelexceeds100eV?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,
m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,1eV=1.6010
-19
)
A) 43
B) 44
C) 45
D) 42
E) 41
Answer: A
Var:50+
40) Anelectronisboundinaninfinitesquare-wellpotential(abox)onthex-axis.Thewidthof
thewellisLandthewellextendsfromx=0.00nmtox=3.8nm.Initspresentstate,the
normalizedwavefunctionoftheelectronisgivenby: (x)=
2/Lsin(2x/L).Whatisthe
energyoftheelectroninthisstate?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,1eV=1.60
10
-19
)
A) 0.10eV
B) 0.052eV
C) 0.13eV
D) 0.078eV
E) 0.026eV
Answer: A
Var:50+
41) Anelectronisinthegroundstateofaninfinitewell(abox)whereitsenergyis5.00eV.Inthe
nexthigherlevel,whatwoulditsenergybe?(1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 1.25eV
B) 2.50eV
C) 10.0eV
D) 15.0eV
E) 20.0eV
Answer: D
Var:1
42) Thelowestenergylevelofaparticleconfinedtoaone-dimensionalregionofspace(abox,or
infinitewell)withfixedlengthLisE
0
.Ifanidenticalparticleisconfinedtoasimilarregion
withfixedlengthL/6,whatistheenergyofthelowestenergylevelthattheparticleshavein
common?ExpressyouranswerintermsofE
0
.
Answer: 36E
0
Var:9
43) Anelectronisboundinaninfinitewell(abox)ofwidth0.10nm.Iftheelectronisinitiallyin
then=8stateandfallstothen=7state,findthewavelengthoftheemittedphoton.(c=3.00
10
8
m/s,h=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
Answer: 2.2nm
Var:1
44) Anelectroninaninfinitepotentialwell(abox)makesatransitionfromthe n=3leveltothe
groundstateandinsodoingemitsaphotonofwavelength20.9nm.( c=3.0010
8
m/s,h=
6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
(a)Whatisthewidthofthiswell?
(b)Whatwavelengthphotonwouldberequiredtoexcitetheelectronfromitsoriginallevelto
thenexthigherone?
Answer: (a)0.225nm(b)23.9nm
Var:1
45) Youwanttoconfineanelectroninabox(aninfinitewell)sothatitsgroundstateenergyis 5.0
10
-18
J.Whatshouldbethelengthofthebox?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
A) 0.11nm
B) 0.22nm
C) 0.15nm
D) 0.18nm
Answer: A
Var:50+
46) A10.0-gbouncyballisconfinedina8.3-cm-longbox(aninfinitewell).Ifwemodeltheballas
apointparticle,whatistheminimumkineticenergyoftheball?(h=6.62610
-34
Js)
A) 8.010
-64
J
B) 3.210
-46
J
C) 1.310
-20
J
D) zero
Answer: A
Var:50+
47) Youwanttohaveanelectroninanenergylevelwhereitsspeedisnomorethan66m/s.What
isthelengthofthesmallestbox(aninfinitewell)inwhichyoucandothis?(h=6.62610
-34
J
s,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
A) 5.5m
B) 11m
C) 2.8m
D) 1.4m
Answer: A
Var:1
48) Anelectronisconfinedinaone-dimensionalbox(aninfinitewell).Twoadjacentallowed
energiesoftheelectronare1.06810
-18
Jand1.35210
-18
J.Whatisthelengthofthebox?(h
=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
A) 1.9nm
B) 0.93nm
C) 1.1nm
D) 2.3nm
Answer: A
Var:1
49) Anelectronistrappedinaninfinitesquarewell(abox)ofwidth 6.88 nm.Findthewavelength
ofphotonsemittedwhentheelectrondropsfromthen=5statetothen=1stateinthis
system.(c=3.0010
8
m/s,h=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
A) 6.49m
B) 5.45m
C) 5.91m
D) 7.07m
Answer: A
Var:50+
50) Onefairlycrudemethodofdeterminingthesizeofamoleculeistotreatthemoleculeasan
infinitesquarewell(abox)withanelectrontrappedinside,andtomeasurethewavelengthsof
emittedphotons.Ifthephotonemittedduringthen=2ton=1transitionhaswavelength1940
nm,whatisthewidthofthemolecule?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,h=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.11
10
-31
kg)
A) 1.33nm
B) 1.12nm
C) 1.21nm
D) 1.45nm
Answer: A
Var:1
51) Aparticleconfinedinarigidone-dimensionalbox(aninfinitewell)oflength17.0fmhasan
energylevelE
n
=24.0MeVandanadjacentenergylevelE
n+1
=37.5MeV.Whatisthevalue
ofthegroundstateenergy?(1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 1.50MeV
B) 13.5MeV
C) 0.500MeV
D) 4.50MeV
Answer: A
Var:50+
Chapter39 WaveFunctionsandUncertainty
1) Iftheaccuracyinmeasuringthepositionofaparticleincreases,theaccuracyinmeasuringits
velocitywill
A) increase.
B) decrease.
C) remainthesame.
D) Itisimpossibletosaysincethetwomeasurementsareindependentanddonotaffect
eachother.
Answer: B
Var:1
2) Iftheaccuracyinmeasuringthevelocityofaparticleincreases,theaccuracyinmeasuringits
positionwill
A) increase.
B) decrease.
C) remainthesame.
D) Itisimpossibletosaysincethetwomeasurementsareindependentanddonotaffect
eachother.
Answer: B
Var:1
3) Thesquareofthewavefunctionofaparticle,|(x)|
2
,givestheprobabilityoffindingthe
particleatthepointx.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
4) Thewavefunctionforaparticlemustbenormalizablebecause
A) theparticlesmomentummustbeconserved.
B) theparticlesangularmomentummustbeconserved.
C) theparticleschargemustbeconserved.
D) theparticlemustbesomewhere.
E) theparticlecannotbeintwoplacesatthesametime.
Answer: D
Var:1
Chapter39:WaveFunctionsandUncertainty
5) Asetoffivepossiblewavefunctionsisgivenbelow,whereL isapositiverealnumber.
1
(x)=Ae
-x
,forallx
2
(x)=Acosx,forallx
3
(x)=
Ae
x
,0xL
0,forallotherx

4
(x)=
A,-LxL
0,forallotherx
5
(x)=
Ax,xL
0,forallotherx
Whichofthefivepossiblewavefunctionsarenormalizable?(Theremaybemorethanone
correctchoice.)
A)
1
(x)
B)
2
(x)
C)
3
(x)
D)
4
(x)
E)
5
(x)
Answer: C,D
Var:1
39.2 Problems
1) Anelectroninsideahydrogenatomisconfinedtowithinaspaceof0.110nm.Whatisthe
minimumuncertaintyintheelectronsvelocity?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
A) 3.3110
6
m/s
B) 4.7110
6
m/s
C) 3.3010
8
m/s
D) 4.7110
8
m/s
E) 3.3010
10
m/s
Answer: A
Var:1
2) Ameasurementofanelectronsspeedis2.010
6
m/sandhasanuncertaintyof10%.Whatis
theminimumuncertaintyinitsposition?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
A) 0.91nm
B) 1.8nm
C) 2.7nm
D) 2.7nm
E) 5.0nm
Answer: B
Var:1
3) Amoleculeofroughlysphericalshapehasamassof6.10 10
-25
kgandadiameterof0.70
nm.Theuncertaintyinthemeasuredpositionofthemoleculeisequaltothemolecular
diameter.Whatistheminimumuncertaintyinthespeedofthismolecule?(h=6.62610
-34
J
s)
A) 0.78m/s
B) 7.8m/s
C) 78m/s
D) 0.078m/s
E) 0.0078m/s
Answer: A
Var:1
4) Anonrelativisticelectronisconfinedtoalengthof500pmonthe x-axis.Whatisthekinetic
energyoftheelectronifitsspeedisequaltotheminimumuncertaintypossibleinitsspeed? h
=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 0.015eV
B) 0.15eV
C) 1.5eV
D) 15eV
E) 150eV
Answer: C
Var:1
5) Anonrelativisticprotonisconfinedtoalengthof2.0pmonthe x-axis.Whatisthekinetic
energyoftheprotonifitsspeedisequaltotheminimumuncertaintypossibleinitsspeed?(1
eV=1.6010
-19
J,h=6.62610
-34
Js,m
proton
=1.6710
-27
kg)
A) 5.1eV
B) 51eV
C) 510eV
D) 5100eV
E) 51,000eV
Answer: B
Var:1
6) Asmalldustparticleofmass7.90 10
-6
gisbeingobservedunderamagnifyinglens.Its
positionisdeterminedtowithin0.0050mm.(1y=3.15610
7
s,h=6.62610
-34
Js)
(a)Findtheminimumuncertaintyinitsvelocityimpliedbytheuncertaintyinitsposition.
(b)Assumingthedustparticleismovingatthespeedyoujustfound,howmanyyearswould
ittakefortheparticletomove1.0mm?
Answer: (a)8.410
-21
m/s
(b)3.810
9
y
Var:1
Chapter39:WaveFunctionsandUncertainty
7) Theprobabilitydensityforanelectronthathaspassedthroughanexperimentalapparatusis
showninthefigure.If4100electronspassthroughtheapparatus,whatistheexpectednumber
thatwilllandina0.10mm-widestripcenteredatx=0.00mm?
A) 140
B) 1400
C) 450
D) 45
Answer: A
Var:1
8) Thewavefunctionforanelectronthatisconfinedtox 0nmis
(x)=
0,forx<0nm
be
-x/(6.4nm)
,forxnm
(a)Whatmustbethevalueofb?
(b)Whatistheprobabilityoffindingtheelectronina0.010nm-wideregioncenteredatx=1.0
nm?
Answer: (a)0.56(nm)
-1/2
(b)0.0023
Var:1
9) Thewavefunctionforanelectronthatisconfinedtox 0nmis
(x)=
0,forx<0nm
Ae
-x/(2.3nm)
,forxnm
(a)WhatmustbethevalueofA?
(b)Whatistheprobabilityoffindingtheelectronintheinterval1.15nm x1.84nm?
Answer: (a)0.93(nm)
-1/2
(b)0.17
Var:1
10) FindthevalueofAtonormalizethewavefunction(x)=
A,-L x L
0,forallotherx
.
A) 1/L
B)
1
2L
C) 1/L
2
D) 1. L
E) 1/ 2L
Answer: E
Var:1
11) FindthevalueofAtonormalizethewavefunction(x)=
Ae
x
,-LxL
0,forallotherx
.
A)
1
e
L
B)
2
e
2L
C)
2
e
2L
-1
D)
2
e
2L
-1
E)
1
e
L
-1
Answer: D
Var:1
12) Aparticleisconfinedtoaone-dimensionalbox(aninfinitewell)onthex-axisbetweenx = 0
andx=L.Thepotentialheightofthewallsoftheboxisinfinite.Thenormalizedwave
functionoftheparticle,whichisinthegroundstate,isgivenby(x)=
2
L
sin
x
L
,with0x
L.Whatistheprobabilityoffindingtheparticlebetweenx=0andx=L/3?
A) 0.20
B) 0.22
C) 0.24
D) 0.26
E) 0.28
Answer: A
Var:1
2
L
sin
x
L
,with0
xL.Whatisthemaximumprobabilityperunitlengthoffindingtheparticle?
A) 1/ L
B) 2/L
C) 2/ L
D) 1/L
E) 2/L
Answer: E
Var:1
Chapter40 One-DimensionalQuantumMechanics
1) Thesmallestkineticenergythatanelectroninabox(aninfinitewell)canhaveiszero.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
2) Ifanatominacrystalisacteduponbyarestoringforcethatisdirectlyproportionaltothe
distanceoftheatomfromitsequilibriumpositioninthecrystal,thenitisimpossibleforthe
atomtohavezerokineticenergy.
A) True
B) False
Answer: A
Var:1
40.2 Problems
2
L
sin
x
L
,with0x
L.Whatistheprobabilityoffindingtheparticlebetweenx=0andx=L/3?
A) 0.20
B) 0.22
C) 0.24
D) 0.26
E) 0.28
Answer: A
Var:1
2
L
sin
x
L
,with0
xL.Whatisthemaximumprobabilityperunitlengthoffindingtheparticle?
A) 1/ L
B) 2/L
C) 2/ L
D) 1/L
E) 2/L
Answer: E
Var:1
3) Anelectronisinaninfinitesquarewell(abox)thatis8.9nmwide.Whatisthegroundstate
energyoftheelectron?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,1eV=1.6010
-19
)
A) 0.0048eV
B) 0.0057eV
C) 0.0066eV
D) 0.0076eV
E) 0.0085eV
Answer: A
Var:1
4) Anelectronisinaninfinitesquarewell(abox)thatis 2.0 nmwide.Theelectronmakesa
transitionfromthen=8tothen=7state,whatisthewavelengthoftheemittedphoton?(h=
6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,1eV=1.6010
-19
)
A) 880nm
B) 750nm
C) 610nm
D) 1000nm
E) 1100nm
Answer: A
Var:50+
5) Anelectronisinaninfinitesquarewellthatis2.6 nmwide.Whatisthesmallestvalueofthe
statequantumnumbernforwhichtheenergylevelexceeds100eV?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,
m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,1eV=1.6010
-19
)
A) 43
B) 44
C) 45
D) 42
E) 41
Answer: A
Var:50+
6) Anelectronisboundinaninfinitesquare-wellpotential(abox)onthex-axis.Thewidthof
thewellisLandthewellextendsfromx=0.00nmtox=3.8nm.Initspresentstate,the
normalizedwavefunctionoftheelectronisgivenby: (x)=
2/Lsin(2x/L).Whatisthe
energyoftheelectroninthisstate?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,1eV=1.60
10
-19
)
A) 0.10eV
B) 0.052eV
C) 0.13eV
D) 0.078eV
E) 0.026eV
Answer: A
Var:50+
Chapter40:One-DimensionalQuantumMechanics
7) Anelectronisinthegroundstateofaninfinitewell(abox)whereitsenergyis5.00eV.Inthe
nexthigherlevel,whatwoulditsenergybe?(1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 1.25eV
B) 2.50eV
C) 10.0eV
D) 15.0eV
E) 20.0eV
Answer: D
Var:1
8) Thelowestenergylevelofaparticleconfinedtoaone-dimensionalregionofspace(abox,or
infinitewell)withfixedlengthLisE
0
.Ifanidenticalparticleisconfinedtoasimilarregion
withfixedlengthL/6,whatistheenergyofthelowestenergylevelthattheparticleshavein
common?ExpressyouranswerintermsofE
0
.
Answer: 36E
0
Var:9
9) Anelectronisboundinaninfinitewell(abox)ofwidth0.10nm.Iftheelectronisinitiallyin
then=8stateandfallstothen=7state,findthewavelengthoftheemittedphoton.(c=3.00
10
8
m/s,h=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
Answer: 2.2nm
Var:1
10) Anelectroninaninfinitepotentialwell(abox)makesatransitionfromthe n=3leveltothe
groundstateandinsodoingemitsaphotonofwavelength20.9nm.( c=3.0010
8
m/s,h=
6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
(a)Whatisthewidthofthiswell?
(b)Whatwavelengthphotonwouldberequiredtoexcitetheelectronfromitsoriginallevelto
thenexthigherone?
Answer: (a)0.225nm(b)23.9nm
Var:1
11) Youwanttoconfineanelectroninabox(aninfinitewell)sothatitsgroundstateenergyis 5.0
10
-18
J.Whatshouldbethelengthofthebox?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
A) 0.11nm
B) 0.22nm
C) 0.15nm
D) 0.18nm
Answer: A
Var:50+
12) A10.0-gbouncyballisconfinedina8.3-cm-longbox(aninfinitewell).Ifwemodeltheballas
apointparticle,whatistheminimumkineticenergyoftheball?(h=6.62610
-34
Js)
A) 8.010
-64
J
B) 3.210
-46
J
C) 1.310
-20
J
D) zero
Answer: A
Var:50+
13) Youwanttohaveanelectroninanenergylevelwhereitsspeedisnomorethan66m/s.What
isthelengthofthesmallestbox(aninfinitewell)inwhichyoucandothis?(h=6.62610
-34
J
s,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
A) 5.5m
B) 11m
C) 2.8m
D) 1.4m
Answer: A
Var:1
14) Anelectronisconfinedinaone-dimensionalbox(aninfinitewell).Twoadjacentallowed
energiesoftheelectronare1.06810
-18
Jand1.35210
-18
J.Whatisthelengthofthebox?(h
=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
A) 1.9nm
B) 0.93nm
C) 1.1nm
D) 2.3nm
Answer: A
Var:1
15) Anelectronistrappedinaninfinitesquarewell(abox)ofwidth 6.88 nm.Findthewavelength
ofphotonsemittedwhentheelectrondropsfromthen=5statetothen=1stateinthis
system.(c=3.0010
8
m/s,h=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
A) 6.49m
B) 5.45m
C) 5.91m
D) 7.07m
Answer: A
Var:50+
16) Onefairlycrudemethodofdeterminingthesizeofamoleculeistotreatthemoleculeasan
infinitesquarewell(abox)withanelectrontrappedinside,andtomeasurethewavelengthsof
emittedphotons.Ifthephotonemittedduringthen=2ton=1transitionhaswavelength1940
nm,whatisthewidthofthemolecule?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,h=6.62610
-34
Js,m
el
=9.11
10
-31
kg)
A) 1.33nm
B) 1.12nm
C) 1.21nm
D) 1.45nm
Answer: A
Var:1
17) Thewavefunctionofanelectroninarigidbox(infinitewell)isshowninthefigure.Ifthe
electronenergy98.0eV,whatistheenergyoftheelectronsgroundstate?( m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg)
A) 6.13eV
B) 3.92eV
C) 10.9eV
D) 24.5eV
Answer: A
Var:50+
18) Aparticleconfinedinarigidone-dimensionalbox(aninfinitewell)oflength17.0fmhasan
energylevelE
n
=24.0MeVandanadjacentenergylevelE
n+1
=37.5MeV.Whatisthevalue
ofthegroundstateenergy?(1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 1.50MeV
B) 13.5MeV
C) 0.500MeV
D) 4.50MeV
Answer: A
Var:50+
19) Anelectronwithkineticenergy2.80eVencountersapotentialbarrierofheight4.70eV.Ifthe
barrierwidthis0.40nm,whatistheprobabilitythattheelectronwilltunnelthroughthe
barrier?(1eV=1.6010
-19
J,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,h=1.05510
-34
Js,h=6.62610
-34
J
s)
A) 3.510
-3
B) 7.310
-3
C) 1.410
-2
D) 2.910
-3
E) 3.510
-2
Answer: A
Var:1
20) A3.10-eVelectronisincidentona0.40-nmbarrierthatis5.67eVhigh.Whatistheprobability
thatthiselectronwilltunnelthroughthebarrier?(1eV=1.6010
-19
J,m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,
h=1.05510
-34
Js,h=6.62610
-34
Js)
A) 1.410
-3
B) 9.010
-4
C) 1.010
-3
D) 1.510
-3
E) 1.210
-3
Answer: A
Var:1
21) Theenergyofaprotonis1.0MeVbelowthetopofa 6.8-fm-wideenergybarrier.Whatisthe
probabilitythattheprotonwilltunnelthroughthebarrier?(1eV=1.6010
-19
J,m
proton
=
1.6710
-27
kg,h=1.05510
-34
Js,h=6.62610
-34
Js)
A) 0.051
B) 0.048
C) 0.056
D) 0.053
Answer: A
Var:50+
22) An80-eVelectronimpingesuponapotentialbarrier100eVhighand0.20nmthick.Whatis
theprobabilitytheelectronwilltunnelthroughthebarrier?(1eV=1.6010
-19
J,m
proton
=
1.6710
-27
kg,h=1.05510
-34
Js,h=6.62610
-34
Js)
A) 0.011%
B) 1.1%
C) 0.11%
D) 1.110
-4
%
E) 7.710
-10
%
Answer: A
Var:1
23) Alithiumatom,mass1.1710
-26
kg,vibrateswithsimpleharmonicmotioninacrystal
lattice,wheretheeffectiveforceconstantoftheforcesontheatomisk=49.0N/m.(c=3.00
10
8
m/s,h=6.62610
-34
Js,h=1.05510
-34
Js,1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
(a)Whatisthegroundstateenergyofthissystem,ineV?
(b)Whatisthewavelengthofthephotonthatcouldexcitethissystemfromthegroundstateto
thefirstexcitedstate?
Answer: (a)2.1410
-2
eV
(b)2.9110
-5
m
Var:50+
24) Theatomsinanickelcrystalvibrateasharmonicoscillatorswithanangularfrequencyof2.3
10
13
rad/s.Themassofanickelatomis9.7510
-26
kg.Whatisthedifferenceinenergy
betweenadjacentvibrationalenergylevelsofnickel?(h=6.62610
-34
Js,h=1.05510
-34
J
s,1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 0.015eV
B) 0.019eV
C) 0.023eV
D) 0.027eV
E) 0.031eV
Answer: A
Var:1
25) Thelowestenergylevelofacertainquantumharmonicoscillatoris5.00eV.Whatistheenergy
ofthenexthigherlevel?
A) 7.50eV
B) 10.0eV
C) 15.0eV
D) 20.0eV
E) 50.0eV
Answer: C
Var:1
26) Calculatethegroundstateenergyofaharmonicoscillatorwithaclassicalfrequencyof3.68
10
15
Hz.(1eV=1.6010
-19
J,h=1.05510
-34
Js,h=6.62610
-34
Js)
A) 7.62eV
B) 15.2eV
C) 11.4eV
D) 5.71eV
Answer: A
Var:1
27) TheenergyofaparticleinthesecondEXCITEDstateofaharmonicoscillatorpotentialis
5.45eV.Whatistheclassicalangularfrequencyofoscillationofthisparticle?(1eV=1.60
10
-19
J,h=1.05510
-34
Js,h=6.62610
-34
Js)
A) 3.3110
15
rad/s
B) 2.0810
16
rad/s
C) 4.9610
15
rad/s
D) 6.9510
15
rad/s
Answer: A
Var:50+
28) FindthewavelengthofthephotonemittedduringthetransitionfromthesecondEXCITED
statetothegroundstateinaharmonicoscillatorwithaclassicalfrequencyof3.7210
13
Hz.(c
=3.0010
8
m/s,1eV=1.6010
-19
J,h=1.05510
-34
Js,h=6.62610
-34
Js)
A) 4.03m
B) 2.26m
C) 2.98m
D) 5.24m
Answer: A
Var:50+
29) Anelectronisconfinedinaharmonicoscillatorpotentialwell.Aphotonisemittedwhenthe
electronundergoesa31quantumjump.Whatisthewavelengthoftheemissionifthenet
forceontheelectronbehavesasthoughithasaspringconstantof 9.6N/m?(m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,c=3.0010
8
m/s,1eV=1.6010
-19
J,h=1.05510
-34
Js,h=6.62610
-34
Js)
A) 290nm
B) 150nm
C) 190nm
D) 580nm
Answer: A
Var:50+
30) Anelectronisconfinedinaharmonicoscillatorpotentialwell.Whatisthelongestwavelength
oflightthattheelectroncanabsorbifthenetforceontheelectronbehavesasthoughithasa
springconstantof74N/m?(m
el
=9.1110
-31
kg,c=3.0010
8
m/s,1eV=1.6010
-19
J,h=
1.05510
-34
Js,h=6.62610
-34
Js)
A) 210nm
B) 200nm
C) 220nm
D) 230nm
Answer: A
Var:1
Chapter41 AtomicPhysics
1) Iftwoelectronsinanatomhavethesameenergy,thentheymusthavethesamefourquantum
numbers.
A) true
B) false
C) Theycannotbothhavethesameenergy.
Answer: B
Var:1
2) Iftwoelectronsinthesameatomhavethesamefourquantumnumbers,thentheymusthave
thesameenergy.
A) true
B) false
C) Theycannotbothhavethesamefourquantumnumbers.
Answer: C
Var:1
3) Considerthefourquantumnumbersofanelectroninanatom, n,l,m
l
,andm
s
.Theenergyof
anelectroninanisolatedatomdependson
A) nonly.
B) nandlonly.
C) n,l,andm
l
only.
D) l,m
l
,andm
s
only.
E) allfourquantumnumbers.
Answer: A
Var:1
4) Foreachvalueoftheprincipalquantumnumber n,whatarethepossiblevaluesoftheelectron
spinquantumnumberm
s
?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) 0
B) +1/2
C) -1/2
D) +3/2
E) -3/2
Answer: B,C
Var:1
5) Whichofthefollowingarecharacteristicsoflaserlight?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrect
choice.)
A) Itiscoherent.
B) Itisproducedbyaninvertedpopulationofatoms.
C) Itcontainsafullspectrumofwavelengths.
Answer: A,B
Var:1
41.2 Problems
1) Anelectroninahydrogenatomisinthe n = 7shell.Howmanypossiblevaluesoftheorbital
quantumnumberlcouldithave?
A) 6
B) 7
C) 15
D) 33
E) 98
Answer: B
Var:1
2) Anelectroninahydrogenatomhasorbitalquantumnumber l = 7.Howmanypossiblevalues
ofthemagneticquantumnumberm
l
couldithave?
A) 6
B) 7
C) 15
D) 33
E) 98
Answer: C
Var:1
3) Anelectroninahydrogenatomhasprincipalquantumnumbern = 4.Howmanypossible
valuesoftheorbitalquantumnumberlcouldithave?
A) 8
B) 9
C) 3
D) 4
E) 10
Answer: D
Var:1
4) Anelectroninahydrogenatomhasorbitalquantumnumber l = 4.Howmanypossiblevalues
ofthemagneticquantumnumberm
l
couldithave?
A) 4
B) 10
C) 5
D) 9
E) 3
Answer: D
Var:1
Chapter41:AtomicPhysics
5) Iftheorbitalquantumnumberisl = 4,whichoneofthefollowingisapossiblevalueforthe
principalquantumnumbern?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 8
Answer: E
Var:1
6) Iftheprincipalquantumnumberofanelectronis n = 5,whichoneofthefollowingisNOTan
allowedmagneticquantumnumberm
l
fortheelectron?
A) 0
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: E
Var:1
7) Ifanelectronhasspinquantumnumberm
s
=-
1
2
whatisthepossiblevaluefortheorbital
quantumnumberloftheelectron?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 11
E) Alloftheabovenumbersarepossible.
Answer: E
Var:1
8) Inthegroundstate,thequantumnumbers(n,l,m
l
,m
s
)forhydrogenare,respectively
A) 1,1,1,1
B) 1,0,0,0
C) 1,0,0,
1
2
D) 1,1,1,
1
2
E) 1,1,0,
1
2
Answer: C
Var:1
9) Thebindingenergyofthehydrogenatominitsgroundstateis -13.6eV.Whatistheenergy
whenitisinthen=5state?
A) 2.72eV
B) -2.72eV
C) 0.544eV
D) -0.544eV
E) -68eV
Answer: D
Var:1
10) Whatistheenergyofanincidentphotonthatisjustenoughtoexciteahydrogenatomfromits
groundstatetoitsn=4state?
A) 12.75eV
B) 10.20eV
C) 3.40eV
D) 0.85eV
Answer: A
Var:3
11) Howfastmustahydrogenatombetravelingforitskineticenergytobejustenoughtoexcite
theground-stateatomtoitsfirstexcitedstateinacollision?(1eV=1.6010
-19
J,m
H
m
proton
=1.6710
-27
kg)
A) 44.2km/s
B) 21.7km/s
C) 66.5km/s
D) 113km/s
E) 51.0km/s
Answer: A
Var:1
12) Whatistheminimumspeedneededbyaground-statehydrogenatomforitskineticenergyto
beenoughtoionizetheatominacollision?(1eV=1.6010
-19
J,m
H
m
proton
=1.6710
-27
kg)
A) 44.2km/s
B) 21.7km/s
C) 66.5km/s
D) 113km/s
E) 51.0km/s
Answer: E
Var:1
13) Thenormalizedwavefunctionforahydrogenatominthe1s stateisgivenby(r)=
1
0
3
e
-r/
0where
0
istheBohrradius,whichisequalto5.29 10
-11
m.Whatisthe
probabilityoffindingtheelectronatadistancegreaterthan7.8
0
fromtheproton?
A) 2.310
-5
B) 1.210
-5
C) 1.710
-5
D) 4.610
-5
E) 3.510
-5
Answer: A
Var:1
14) Whatisthegreatestmagnitudeoftheorbitalangularmomentum L foranelectroninastate
withprincipalquantumnumbern=5?
A) 4.47
B) 4.90
C) 5
D) 5.48
Answer: A
Var:5
15) ThemagnitudeoftheorbitalangularmomentumL ofanelectroninacertainatomisequalto
3.464.Whatistheorbitalquantumnumber loftheelectron?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: C
Var:1
3.464.Whichoneofthefollowingnumberscouldbetheprincipalquantumnumber nofthe
electron?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
E) 4
Answer: E
Var:1
3.464.WhichofthefollowinganglescouldNOTbetheanglebetweentheorbitalangular
momentumvectoroftheelectronandanarbitrary z-direction?
A) 107
B) 90.0
C) 73.2
D) 54.7
E) 0.00
Answer: E
Var:1
18) Howmanyelectronscanbefoundwithprincipalquantumnumbern = 3inasuitablyheavy
atom?
A) 18
B) 6
C) 20
D) 9
Answer: A
Var:3
19) Anatomhascompletelyfilledinnershellsandasinglevalenceelectroninanexcited pstate.
Thefilledinnershellshaveanorbitalmomentumequaltozero.Whatisthemagnitudeofthe
orbitalangularmomentumLoftheatom?
A) 1.0
B) 1.2
C) 1.4
D) 1.7
E) 2.0
Answer: C
Var:1
20) Anatomhascompletelyfilledinnershellsandasinglevalenceelectroninanexcited pstate.
Thefilledinnershellshaveanorbitalmomentumequaltozero.Amagneticfieldisapplied,
definingthez-axisalongthefield.Whichofthefollowingsetsofanglesarepossibleangles
betweenthemagneticfieldandtheorbitalangularmomentum?
A) 45
B) 90
C) 45,90
D) 45,135
E) 45,90,135
Answer: E
Var:1
21) TheonlyVALIDelectronstateandshelldesignationamongthefollowingis
A) 1p,K.
B) 2s,K.
C) 1s,L.
D) 2p,L.
E) 3f,M.
Answer: D
Var:1
22) TheonlyINVALIDelectronstateandshelldesignationamongthefollowingis
A) 1s,K.
B) 2s,L.
C) 2d,L.
D) 3s,M.
E) 3d,M.
Answer: C
Var:1
23) Thecorrectgroundstateelectronconfigurationofboron,whichhas5electrons,is
A) 1s
2
2s
2
2p.
B) 1s
2
2s
2
2p
3
.
C) 1s
2
1p
2
2s.
D) 1s
2
2p
2
3s.
E) 1s
2
2p
3
.
Answer: A
Var:1
24) Considerthen=9shell.
(a)Whatisthelargestvalueoftheorbitalquantumnumber, l,inthisshell?
(b)Howmanyelectronscanbeplacedinthisshell?
Answer: (a)8(b)162
Var:9
25) Anatomwith5electronsisinitsgroundstate.Howmanyelectronsareinitsoutermostshell?
Answer: 3
Var:8
26) Howmanyelectronsdoesittaketofillthed subshell?
A) 10
B) 6
C) 14
D) 4
E) 8
Answer: A
Var:1
27) Howmanypossiblesetsofquantumnumbers(electronstates)arethereinthe5fsubshell?
A) 2
B) 6
C) 8
D) 10
E) 14
Answer: E
Var:1
28) Aneutralatomhasanelectronconfigurationof1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
2
.Howmanyprotonsdoesit
haveinitsnucleus?
A) 5
B) 11
C) 14
D) 20
E) 26
Answer: C
Var:1
29) WhatistheelectronconfigurationforgroundstateLi,whichhas3electrons?
A) 1s
3
B) 1s
1
2s
2
C) 1s
2
2s
1
D) 1s
2
1p
1
E) 1s
1
1p
2
Answer: C
Var:1
30) Whatisthecorrectelectronicconfigurationforgroundstatecarbon,whichhas6electrons?
A) 1s
2
2s
2
2p
2
B) 1s
1
2p
1
C) 1s
1
2s
2
2p
1
D) 1s
1
2s
1
2p
1
E) 1s
2
2s
2
2p
4
Answer: A
Var:1
31) Whatisthecorrectelectronicconfigurationforthegroundstatesodiumatom,whichhas11
electrons?
A) 1s
1
2s
2
3p
6
2s
2
B) 1s
2
2s
1
3p
6
2s
2
C) 1s
1
2s
2
2p
6
D) 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
E) 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
1
Answer: E
Var:1
32) Acollectionofatomshas20%ofthesampleinastate5.9 eV abovethegroundstate.Ifthese
emitcoherentradiation,whatisthewavelengthofthelaserlightproduced?( c=3.0010
8
m/s,h=6.62610
-34
Js,1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 210nm
B) 91nm
C) 340nm
D) 34nm
Answer: A
Var:31
33) Howmanyphotonspersecondemergefromalaserofpower 2.00 mW withwavelength
605nm?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,h=6.62610
-34
Js)
A) 6.0910
15
photons/s
B) 5.0310
12
photons/s
C) 3.0710
15
photons/s
D) 3.0710
13
photons/s
Answer: A
Var:38
34) Youneed14Wofinfraredlaserlightpowerwithwavelength1270nmtoboreaholeina
diamond.Howmanydownwardatomictransitionspersecondmustoccurinthelaserifallof
themresultinlightdirectedontothediamond?(c=3.0010
8
m/s,h=6.62610
-34
Js)
A) 8.910
19
B) 8.910
18
C) 5.910
19
D) 2.710
18
Answer: A
Var:1
35) Thewavelengthofarubylaseris694.3nm.Whatistheenergydifferencebetweenthetwo
energystatesinvolvedinlaseraction?(c=2.997910
8
m/s,h=6.62610
-34
Js,1eV=
1.602210
-19
J)
A) 1.537eV
B) 1.646eV
C) 1.786eV
D) 1.812eV
E) 3.572eV
Answer: C
Var:1
36) Inarubylaser,anelectronjumpsfromahigherenergyleveltoalowerone.Iftheenergy
differencebetweenthetwolevelsis1.8eV,whatisthewavelengthoftheemittedphoton?( c=
3.0010
8
m/s,h=6.62610
-34
Js,1eV=1.6010
-19
J)
A) 350nm
B) 470nm
C) 650nm
D) 690nm
E) 960nm
Answer: D
Var:1
Chapter42 NuclearPhysics
1) Considertwodifferentisotopesofthesameneutralelement.Whichstatementsaboutthese
isotopesaretrue?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Bothisotopescontainthesamenumberofneutrons.
B) Bothisotopescontainthesamenumberofprotons.
C) Bothisotopescontainthesamenumberofnucleons.
D) Bothisotopescontainthesamenumberoforbitalelectrons.
E) Thesumoftheprotonsandneutronsisthesameforbothisotopes.
Answer: B,D
Var:1
2) Considertheshortlivedneutralisotoperepresentedby
25
15
X.Whichofthefollowing
statementsaboutthisisotopearecorrect?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Theisotopehas25nucleons.
B) Theisotopehas25protons.
C) Theisotopehas25neutrons.
D) Theisotopehas15orbitalelectrons.
E) Theisotopehas15protons.
F) Theisotopehas10neutrons.
Answer: A,D,E,F
Var:1
3) Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheatomicnucleusiscorrect?(Theremaybemore
thanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Largenucleiaredenserthanlightnuclei.
B) Allnucleihavenearlythesamedensity.
C) Thenucleusisheldtogethermorebytheelectricalforcethanbythegravitationalforce.
D) Anucleuscontaining20nucleonswillhaveapproximatelytwicetheradiusasanucleus
containing10nucleons.
E) Asthenumberofnucleonsincreasesthebindingenergypernucleonalwaysincreases.
Answer: B
Var:1
4) Fora
93
41
Nbatom,thenumberofprotons,neutrons,andelectronsintheatomis
A) 41,52,93.
B) 41,52,52.
C) 41,52,41.
D) 41,52,0.
E) 52,41,0.
Answer: C
Var:1
5) Theironnucleushasthegreatestbindingenergyofanynucleus.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B
Var:1
6) Goingfrommediummassnucleitoheavynuclei,theaveragebindingenergypernucleon
A) decreases.
B) behavesrandomlywithnoclearpattern.
C) doesnotchange.
D) increases.
E) doubles.
Answer: A
Var:1
7) Heavierstablenucleitendtohave
A) halfasmanyprotonsasneutrons.
B) thesamenumberofneutronsandprotons.
C) moreneutronsthanprotons.
D) nocleartrendintherelativenumberofneutronsandprotons.
E) moreprotonsthanneutrons.
Answer: C
Var:1
8) Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthestrongnuclearforcearecorrect?(Theremaybe
morethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Itactsequallyonprotonsandneutronsbutnotonelectrons.
B) Itactsequallyonprotons,neutrons,andelectrons.
C) Ithasamuchlongerrangethantheelectricforce.
D) Itkeepselectronsintheirorbitsaroundthenucleus.
E) Becauseofitsveryshortrange,thereisalimittohowlargethenucleuscanbe.
Answer: A,E
Var:1
9) Ifanucleusdecaysby
-
decaytoadaughternucleus,whichofthefollowingstatements
aboutthisdecayarecorrect?(Theremaybemorethanonecorrectchoice.)
A) Thedaughternucleushasmoreprotonsthantheoriginalnucleus.
B) Thedaughternucleushasmoreneutronsthantheoriginalnucleus.
C) Thedaughternucleushasthesamenumberofnucleonsastheoriginalnucleus.
D) Thedaughternucleushasfewerprotonsthantheoriginalnucleus.
E) Thedaughternucleushasfewerneutronsthantheoriginalnucleus.
Answer: A,C,E
Var:1
Chapter42:NuclearPhysics
10) Ifanucleusdecaysbyalphadecaytoadaughternucleus,whichofthefollowingstatements
Answer: D,E
Var:1
11) Ifanucleusdecaysbygammadecaytoadaughternucleus,whichofthefollowingstatements
Answer: C
Var:1
12) Ifanucleusdecaysby
+
decaytoadaughternucleus,whichofthefollowingstatements
Answer: B,C,D
Var:1
13) Whichofthefollowingstatementsabout
+
decayarecorrect?(Theremaybemorethanone
correctchoice.)During
+
decay
A) anorbitalelectroniscapturedbythenucleus.
B) aprotonisemittedfromthenucleus.
C) aneutroninthenucleusdecaystoaprotonandanelectron.
D) aprotoninthenucleusdecaystoapositronandaneutron.
E) theatomicnumberZoftheisotopeincreasesbyoneunitbuttheatomicweightA
remainsunchanged.
Answer: D
Var:1
14) Aradioactiveisotopedecaysby
-
emissionwithahalflifeof1.0min.Duringthefirst1.0
min,aparticularsampleemits1000
-
particles.Duringthenext1.0min,thenumberof
-
particlesthissamplewillemitwillbeclosestto
A) 250.
B) 500.
C) 1000.
D) 1500.
E) 2000.
Answer: B
Var:1
15) Aradioisotopehasahalflifeof atatemperatureof150K.Ifitstemperatureisincreasedto
300K,whatwillitshalflifebe?
A) 4
B) 2
C)
D) /2
E) /4
Answer: C
Var:1
16) ThedecayrateofanisotopeisinitiallyR
0
,butafteronehalflifehasgoneby,therateis R
0
/2.
AttheendoftheNEXThalflife,whatwillthedecayratebe?
A) 0
B) R
0
/16
C) R
0
/e
D) R
0
/4
E) R
0
/e
2
Answer: D
Var:1
17) Thehalflifeofcobalt60is5.3years,whilethatofstrontium90is28years.Supposeyouhave
asampleofeach,suchthattheyinitiallycontainequalnumbersofatomsofthesenuclides.
Howwilltheactivities(numberofdecayspersecond)ofthesamplescompare?
A) Theactivityofthecobalt60samplewillbegreater.
B) Theactivitiescannotbecomparedwithoutmoreinformation.
C) Theactivitieswillbeequal.
D) Theactivityofthestrontium90samplewillbegreater.
Answer: A
Var:1
18) Thehalflifeofcobalt60is5.3years,whilethatofstrontium90is28years.Supposethat
samplesofcobalt60andstrontium90aresuchthattheyinitiallyhavethesameactivity
(numberofdecayspersecond).Whatistrueabouttheinitialnumbersofcobalt60and
strontium90nucleiinthesesamples?
A) Therearemorestrontium90thancobalt60nuclei.
B) Thereareequalnumbersofcobalt60andstrontium90nuclei.
C) Therearemorecobalt60thanstrontium90nuclei.
D) Itisnotpossibletocomparenumbersofnucleiwithoutknowingthemassesofthe
samples.
Answer: A
Var:1
19) AradioactivenuclideofatomicnumberZ emitsanelectron,thenthedaughternuclideemitsa
gammaray.Whatistheatomicnumberoftheresultingnuclideafterbothprocesses?
A) Z+1
B) Z-1
C) Z-2
D) Z-3
E) Z+2
Answer: A
Var:1
20) Modernnuclearbombtestshavecreatedanextrahighlevelof
14
Cinouratmosphere.
Supposethatfuturearchaeologistsdatesamplesfromourera,butdonotknowaboutthis
testing.Willtheirdatesbetooyoung,tooold,orstillcorrect?Ifcorrecttheyarecorrect,why?
A) tooyoung
B) tooold
C) correct,because
14
Cfrombombtestsisdifferentfromthatproducednaturally
D) correct,becausemodernbiologicalmaterialsdonotgather
14
Cfrombombtests
Answer: A
Var:1
42.2 Problems
1) Acertainnucleuscontaining8protonsand7neutronshasaradius R.Whichofthefollowing
valueswouldbeclosesttotheexpectedvalueoftheradiusofanucleushaving51protonsand
69neutrons?
A) 1.85R
B) 2.00R
C) 2.14R
D) 6.38R
E) 8.00R
Answer: B
Var:1
2) Acertainnucleuscontaining8protonsand7neutronshasadensity .Whichofthefollowing
valueswouldbeclosesttotheexpectedvalueofthedensityofanucleushaving51protons
and69neutrons?
A) 1.00
B) 1.85
C) 2.00
D) 2.14
E) 8.00
Answer: A
Var:1
3) Whatwouldbetheexpectedradiusofanucleushaving82protonsand125neutrons?
A) 5.2fm
B) 5.9fm
C) 6.0fm
D) 7.1fm
E) 17fm
Answer: D
Var:1
4) Whatwouldbetheexpectedradiusofthenucleusof
90
38
Sr?
A) 4.0fm
B) 1.2fm
C) 5.4fm
D) 0.11pm
E) 0.54pm
Answer: C
Var:1
5) Ifanucleushadadiameterof8.0fm,whatwouldbeitsexpectedmass,inatomicmassunits?
A) 7u
B) 296u
C) 37u
D) 64u
E) 128u
Answer: C
Var:1
6) Twoidenticalnucleiofmass18uaremadetounitetomakeasinglenucleusofmass36u.
Whatistheradiusoftheresultofthisfusion?
A) 4.0fm
B) 6.3fm
C) 4.5fm
D) 7.2fm
Answer: A
Var:1
7) Thefollowingmassesareknown:
1
0
n(neutron) 1.008665u
1
1
H 1.007825u
57
26
Fe 56.935399u
Whatisthebindingenergyof
57
26
Fe,inMeV?(1u=1.660510
-27
kg=931.5MeV/c
2
)
A) 500MeV
B) 550MeV
C) 610MeV
D) 660MeV
E) 710MeV
Answer: A
Var:12
8) Theneutraldeuteriumatom,
2
1
H,hasamassof2.014102u;aneutralhydrogenatomhasa
massof1.007825u;aneutronhasamassof1.008665u;andaprotonhasamassof1.007277u.
Whatisthebindingenergyofthe
2
1
Hnucleus?(1u=931.494MeV/c
2
)
A) 1.1MeV
B) 1.7MeV
C) 2.2MeV
D) 2.9MeV
E) 3.4MeV
Answer: C
Var:1
9) Whatisthebindingenergypernucleonfor
27
13
Al?Theneutral
27
13
Alatomhasamassof
26.981539u;aneutralhydrogenatomhasamassof1.007825u;aneutronhasamassof
1.008665u;andaprotonhasamassof1.007277u.(1u =931.494MeV/c
2
)
A) 8.3MeV
B) 6.7MeV
C) 5.4MeV
D) 3.4MeV
E) 2.8MeV
Answer: A
Var:1
10) Uranium-238decaysintothorium-234plusanalphaparticle.Howmuchenergyisreleasedin
thisprocess?1u=931.494MeV/c
2
,andtherelevantmassvaluesare
4
2
He: 4.002603u
234
90
Th: 234.043583u
238
92
U: 238.050786u
A) 4.28MeV
B) 3.76MeV
C) 3.18MeV
D) 2.89MeV
E) 5.05MeV
Answer: A
Var:1
11) Radium-226decaysintoradon-222plusanalphaparticle.Howmuchenergyisreleasedin
thisprocess?1u=931.494MeV/c
2
,andtherelevantmassvaluesare
4
2
He: 4.002603u
222
86
Rn: 222.017570u
226
88
Ra: 226.025402u
A) 4.24MeV
B) 3.76MeV
C) 4.87MeV
D) 5.05MeV
E) 5.39MeV
Answer: C
Var:1
12) Plutonium-239decaysintouranium-235plusanalphaparticle.Theenergyreleasedinthe
processis5.24MeV.Giventhefollowingmassvalues
4
2
He: 4.002603u
235
92
U: 235.043924u
whatisthemassof
239
94
Puinatomicmassunits?(1u=931.494MeV/c
2
)
A) 239.05215u
B) 239.02775u
C) 239.00189u
D) 238.99919u
E) 238.98884u
Answer: A
Var:1
13) Astationaryplutonium-239nucleusdecaysintoauranium-235nucleusplusanalpha
particle.Theenergyreleasedintheprocessis5.24MeV.Giventhefollowingmassvalues
4
2
He: 4.002603u
235
92
U: 235.043924u
whatisthekineticenergyofthe
235
92
Unucleus?(1u=931.494MeV/c
2
)
A) 0.0829MeV
B) 0.0837MeV
C) 0.0852MeV
D) 0.0863MeV
E) 0.0877MeV
Answer: E
Var:1
14) Thecarboninyourbodywasformedinnuclearreactionsinlong-deadstars.Howmuch
energywasreleasedwhenthree
4
Henucleicombinedtomake
12
C?Themassof
4
Heis
4.002603u,themassof
12
Cis12.0000u,and1u =931.494MeV/c
2
.
A) 7.274MeV
B) 3716MeV
C) 8.424MeV
D) 2.106MeV
Answer: A
Var:1
15) Howmuchenergyisreleasedwhen1.40gof
3
Hhavedecayedto
3
He?Themassof
3
Heis
3.016029u,themassof
3
His3.016049u,and1u=931.494MeV/c
2
.
A) 830J
B) 11,900J
C) 7970J
D) 71,700J
E) 23,900J
Answer: A
Var:1
16) Thesetofnuclearreactionsthatpoweroursuncanbesummarizeda4p
+
4
He
+2
+2e
+
.The
massesoftheparticlesinvolvedare938.272MeV/c
2
(proton,p
+
),3727.38MeV/c
2
(alpha
particle,
4
He
+2
),and0.511MeV/c
2
(positron,e
+
).Howmuchenergyisreleasedbyeachsetof
thesereactions?
A) 24.69MeV
B) 28.3MeV
C) 2790MeV
D) 279MeV
Answer: A
Var:1
17) Aspheremadeofaradioactiveisotopeinitiallyhasamassof6.88kg.Thehalf -lifeofthis
isotopeis1.34h,anditdecaysby
-
emission.Attheendof2.68h,whatisthemassofthis
sphere?
A) 6.88kg
B) 3.44kg
C) 1.72kg
D) 2.53kg
Answer: A
Var:1
18) Aradioactiveatomhas98protonsand249nucleons.Ifitundergoesalphadecay,whatarethe
numberofprotonsandnucleons,respectively,inthedaughternucleus?
A) 100,245
B) 94,247
C) 96,245
D) 96,247
E) 100,249
Answer: C
Var:1
19) Scandium,
44
21
Sc,decaysbyemittingapositron.Whatisthenuclidethatistheproductofthe
decay?
A)
43
21
Sc
B)
45
21
Sc
C)
44
20
Ca
D)
43
21
Ca
E)
44
20
Sc
Answer: C
Var:1
20) Thestabilityof
11
6
Cwithrespecttoalpha,
+
,and
-
decayistobedetermined.Donot
considerthepossibilityofdecaybyelectroncapture.Thefollowingatomicmassesareknown:
4
2
He: 4.002603u
7
4
Be: 7.016928u
11
5
B: 11.009305u
11
6
C: 11.011433u
11
7
N: 11.026742u
The
11
6
Cnuclideis
A) notsubjecttoalpha,
+
,or
-
decay.
B) subjecttoalphadecayonly.
C) subjectto
+
decayonly.
D) subjectto
-
decayonly.
E) subjectto
+
or
-
decay,butnottoalphadecay.
Answer: C
Var:1
21) Thestabilityof
47
21
Scwithrespecttoalpha,
+
,and
-
4
2
He: 4.002603u
43
19
K: 42.960717u
47
20
Ca: 46.954543u
47
21
Sc 46.952409u
47
22
Ti: 46.951764u
The
47
21
Scnuclideis
+
,or
-
decay.
C) subjectto
+
decayonly.
D) subjectto
-
decayonly.
E) subjectto
+
or
-
Answer: D
Var:1
22) Thestabilityof
56
26
Fewithrespecttoalpha,
+
,and
-
4
2
He: 4.002603u
52
24
Cr: 51.944768u
56
25
Mn: 55.938907u
56
26
Fe: 55.934939u
56
27
Co: 55.939841u
The
56
26
Fenuclideis
+
,or
-
decay.
C) subjectto
+
decayonly.
D) subjectto
-
decayonly.
E) subjectto
+
or
-
Answer: A
Var:1
23) Acertainsubstancehasahalf-lifeof5.0hours.Howmanynucleiofthesubstancearerequired
togiveaninitialactivityof6.0Ci?1Ci=3.710
10
Bq.
A) 5.810
9
B) 8.510
8
C) 6.310
8
D) 3.210
9
E) 2.410
9
Answer: A
Var:5
24) Whatmassof
14
C(havingahalf-lifeof5730years)doyouneedtoprovideadecayrateof
280.0Bq?(1u=1.660510
-27
kg)
A) 1.7010
-12
kg
B) 5.3810
-19
kg
C) 3.8410
-20
kg
D) 8.6810
-13
kg
Answer: A
Var:50+
25) Howmanydaysarerequiredforaradioactivesample,withahalf-lifeof5.7dandaninitial
activityof1.0710
5
Bq,todecaytoanactivityof100Bq?
A) 57d
B) 46d
C) 68d
D) 39d
Answer: A
Var:41
26) Ahospitalpatienthasbeengivensome
131
I(half-life=8.04d)whichdecaysat 4.2timesthe
acceptablelevelforexposuretothegeneralpublic.Howlongmustthepatientwaitforthe
decayratetoreachtheacceptablelevel?Assumethatthematerialmerelydecaysandisnot
excretedbythebody.
A) 17d
B) 12d
C) 8.0d
D) 7.2d
Answer: A
Var:31
27) Thematerialusedincertainnuclearbombsis
239
Pu,whichhasahalf-lifeofabout20,000
years.Howlongmustwewaitforaburiedstockpileofthissubstancetodecayto4.0%ofits
original
239
Pumass?
A) 93,000y
B) 64,000y
C) 45,000y
D) 800y
Answer: A
Var:1
28) Anairsampleiscontaminatedwith
15
O,whichhasahalf-lifeof2.03min.Onepossibleway
tominimizeitshazardistopassitthroughalongpipetoallowittodecayinsidethepipeuntil
itcanbesafelyreleasedintotheatmosphere.Iftheoxygenmovesataspeedof1.1m/sinthe
pipe,howlongmustthepipebeforthesampletohavedecayedto3.0%ofitsoriginalactivity
justasitleavesthepipe?
A) 680m
B) 8.0m
C) 7.0m
D) 2.0m
Answer: A
Var:1
29) Rutherfordium-261hasahalf-lifeof1.08min.Howlongwillittakeforasampleof
rutherfordiumtoloseone-thirdofitsnuclei?
A) 1.02min
B) 1.62min
C) 0.632min
D) 2.70min
E) 3.24min
Answer: C
Var:1
30) Aradioactivesamplehasahalf-lifeof10 min.Whatfractionofthesampleisleftafter40 min?
A) 1/2
B) 1/4
C) 1/8
D) 1/16
E) 1/32
Answer: D
Var:3
31) Fermium-253hasahalf-lifeof3.00d.Asampleoffermiumcontains 7.3710
7
nuclei.How
longwillittakefortheretobeonly3.3610
6
fermiumnucleiinthissample?
A) 2.75d
B) 9.80d
C) 13.4d
D) 15.7d
E) 58.6d
Answer: C
Var:5
32) Inalaboratoryaccidentaworkareaiscontaminatedwithradioactivematerial.Health
physicistsmonitortheareaduringa30-dayperiodand,aftercorrectingforthebackground
rate,obtainthedatashowninthetable.
Time(days) 0 2 6 11 19 30
Counts/min 1000 899 727 557 364 202
Theaccidentoccurredatt=0.Theydeterminethatitwillnotbesafeforworkerstoenterthe
areauntiltheradioactivitylevelhasdroppedto133countsperminute.Ofthechoiceslisted
below,whichoneistheearliesttimethatworkerscouldsafelyreturn?
A) 38days
B) 44days
C) 50days
D) 32days
E) 24days
Answer: A
Var:1
33) Theunstableisotope
234
Thdecaysbyemissionwithahalf-lifeof24.5days.Theinitialdecay
rateofthesamplewas9.910
13
Bq.(1u=1.6605x10
-27
kg)
(a)Whatmassof
234
Thwasinitiallypresent?
(b)Whatisthedecayrateafter68days?
Answer: (a)0.12g (b)1.4x10
13
Bq
Var:1
34) AnisotopeofTchavingahalf-lifeof6.0hisusedinbonescans.IfacertainamountofthisTc
isinjectedintothebody,howlongdoesittakeforitsinitialdecayratetodecreaseBY99%?
A) 0.060h
B) 3.3h
C) 33h
D) 40h
E) slightlymorethanamonth
Answer: D
Var:1
35) Theradioactivityduetocarbon-14measuredinapieceofawoodfromanancientsitewas
foundtoproduce20countsperminutefromagivensample,whereasthesameamountof
carbonfromapieceoflivingwoodproduced160countsperminute.Thehalf-lifeof
carbon-14,abetaemitter,is5730y.Theageoftheartifactisclosestto
A) 5700y
B) 12,000y
C) 15,000y
D) 17,000y
E) 23,000y
Answer: D
Var:1
36) Carbon-14hasahalf-lifeof5730y.Asampleofwoodhasbeenrecoveredbyanarchaeologist.
Thesampleissenttoalaboratory,whereitisdeterminedthattheactivityofthesampleis
0.144Bq/g.Bycomparingthisactivitywiththeactivityoflivingorganicmatter,0.230Bq/g,the
scientistdetermineshowoldthewoodsampleis,ormoreprecisely,whenthetreethatthe
samplecamefromdied.Howoldisthesampleofwood?
A) 3870y
B) 4250y
C) 4590y
D) 2630y
E) 2940y
Answer: A
Var:1
37) Livingmatterhas1.310
-10
%ofitscarbonintheformof
14
Cwhichhasahalf-lifeof5730y.
Amammothbonehasa300-gsampleofcarbonseparatedfromit,andthesampleisfoundto
haveanactivityof20decayspersecond.Howoldisthebone?
A) 15,000y
B) 10,900y
C) 11,500y
D) 7600y
E) 6400y
Answer: B
Var:1
38) Anarchaeologistfindsthe
14
Cinasampleof3.10gofmaterialtobedecayingat107counts
persecond.Amodern1.00-gsampleofthesamematerialdecaysat151countspersecond.
Thehalf-lifeof
14
Cis5730y.Howoldisthesample?
A) 12,200y
B) 8460y
C) 25,100y
D) 12,600y
Answer: A
Var:16
39) Anancientrockisfoundtocontain
40
Argas,indicatingthat77%ofthe
40
Kintherockhas
decayedsincetherocksolidified.Anyargonwouldhaveboiledoutofliquidrock.The
half-lifeof
40
Kis1.25billionyears.Howlongagodidtherocksolidify?
A) 2.6billionyears
B) 0.50billionyears
C) 1.8billionyears
D) 0.30billionyears
Answer: A
Var:30
40) Today,theuraniumfoundonEarthcontains0.720%
235
U(withahalf-lifeof0.700billion
years)and99.28%
238
U(withahalf-lifeof4.50billionyears).Atatime2.20billionyearsago,
whatpercentoftheuraniumonEarthwas
238
U(assumingthatnootheruraniumisotopes
werepresent)?
A) 95.6%
B) 2.18%
C) 6.29%
D) 8.68%
E) 4.53%
Answer: A
Var:1
41) Acertainisotopehasahalf-lifeof32.4hrandarelativebiologicaleffectivenessof3.50.A
sampleofthisisotopeinitiallydeliversanabsorbeddoseof0.240Gyto250goftissue.
(a)Whatwastheinitialequivalentdosetothetissueinremandinsieverts?
(b)Howmanyjoulesofenergydidthe250-gsampleinitiallyreceivefromtheisotope?
Answer: (a)84rem,0.84Sv(b)0.060J
Var:1
42) Themaximumpermissibleworkdaydoseforoccupationalexposuretoradiationis26mrem.A
55-kglaboratorytechnicianabsorbs3.3mJof0.40-MeVgammaraysinaworkday.The
relativebiologicalefficiency(RBE)forgammaraysis1.00.Whatistheratiooftheequivalent
dosagereceivedbythetechniciantothemaximumpermissibleequivalentdosage?
A) 0.23
B) 0.25
C) 0.28
D) 0.30
E) 0.32
Answer: A
Var:50+
43) A70-kglaboratorytechnicianabsorbs2.9mJof0.50-MeVgammaraysinaworkday.How
manygamma-rayphotonsdoesthetechnicianabsorbinaworkday?
A) 3.610
10
B) 3.610
9
C) 3.610
8
D) 1.010
9
E) 1.010
8
Answer: A
Var:1
44) A57-kgresearcherabsorbs6.310
8
neutronsinaworkday.Theenergyoftheneutronsis2.6
MeV.Therelativebiologicalefficiency(RBE)forfastneutronsis10.Whatistheequivalent
dosageoftheradiationexposure,inmrem,ofthisworker?
A) 4.6mrem
B) 1.4mrem
C) 2.9mrem
D) 14mrem
E) 46mrem
Answer: A
Var:50+
45) Theradioactivenuclei
60
Coiswidelyusedinmedicalapplications.Itundergoesbetadecay,
andthetotalenergyofthedecayprocessis2.82MeVperdecayevent.Thehalf -lifeofthis
nucleusis272days.Supposethatapatientisgivenadoseof6.9Ciof
60
Co.Ifallofthis
materialdecayedwhileinthepatientsbody,whatwouldbethetotalenergydepositedthere?
(1Ci=3.7010
10
decays/s)
A) 11J
B) 8.6GJ
C) 3.9J
D) 24J
E) 4.15MJ
Answer: C
Var:1

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