Figure 1.

37 (Anderson, F of A)

M < 1 subsonic
upstream flow feels presence of body
smooth streamlines
M ~ 0 viscous dominated (assuming continuum)
M < 0.3 incompressible (car, Cessna 172)
M > 0.3 compressible (dragster, 747)

M = 1 sonic
M ~ 1 transonic (X1)
weak shocks, expansions

M > 1 supersonic (Concorde, F-15)
upstream flow does not feel presence of body
formation of shock and expansion waves
discontinuous streamlines

M > 5 hypersonic (X-15, shuttle, ICBMs)
thin, close shocks
ionization, dissociation
significant body heating




Set Temperature Profile (ARDC 1959 Standard Atmosphere):



Figure 3.4 (Anderson, Introduction to Flight)

Corresponding pressure and density curve for h
g
up to 25,000m:

0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000
hg [m]
P

[
P
a
]
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
r
h
o

[
k
g
/
m
^
3
]
Pressure
Density