Impedance Calculations

2000 PowerLines P.O. Box 1164 Waterbury, CT 06721

www.powerlines.co !oice "20#$ 7%7&07'0
russell(powerlines.co )*+ "20#$ 7%4&61'7
Determining Current Capacity from KVA (Single Phase)
1. ,-enti.y /ource 0!* 0!* 1% 0!*
2. ,-enti.y 1oinal !olta2e !olts 240 !*C
#. Calculate Current 0!* x 1000 3 !olts 4 *ps 1% x 1000 3 240 4 62.% *ps
Determining Current Capacity from KVA (hree Phase)
1. ,-enti.y /ource 0!* 0!* 112.% 0!*
2. ,-enti.y 1oinal !olta2e !olts 450 !*C
#. Calculate Current 0!* x 1000 3 "!olts x 1.7#2$ 4
*ps
112.% x 1000 3 "450 x 1.7#2$
4 1#%.# *ps
Determining Voltage Drop
1. 6easure 6ains ,pe-ance O7s 0.1%0
2. ,-enti.y Current Capacity or 8ean- *ps #0 *ps
#. Calculate !olta2e 8rop O7s x *ps 4 !olt 8rop 0.1%0 x #0 4 4.% !olts
4. Calculate Percenta2e !olta2e 8rop !olt 8rop 3 1oinal !olta2e 4.% !olts 3 205 !*C 4 0.0216 4 2.169
!ormali"ing Impedance
Calculatin2 ipe-ance -rops is uc7 easier i. you con:ert all easure- ipe-ances "o7s$ to t7e sae
:olta2e le:el. ,n ost
cases, usin2 t7e loa- :olta2e a;es t7e ost sense. T7is is coonly use- to -eterine t7e ipe-ance
o. a step&up or step&-own
trans.orer.
1. 6easure 6ains ,pe-ance at /ource O7s 0.1%0 ( 450 !*C
2. ,-enti.y /ource !olta2e !olts 450 !*C
#. ,-enti.y <oa- !olta2e !olts 205 !*C
4. 1orali=e ,pe-ance /ource ,pe-ance x
<oa- !olta2e> 3 /ource !olta2e>
0.1%0 x 205> 3 450> 4
0.025 ( 205 !*C
ransformer Impedance
Trans.orer ipe-ance is usually liste- on t7e naeplate. ?owe:er, t7is ipe-ance is usually base- on
axiu teperature an-
loa- con-itions "worst&case$. *ctual ipe-ance, easure- on site an- wit7 speci@c application loa-
current an- teperature, is
2enerally less t7an t7e naeplate ratin2.
1. ,-enti.y Trans.orer 0!* 0!* 1%0 0!*
2. ,-enti.y Priary !olta2e !olts 450 !*C
#. ,-enti.y /econ-ary !olta2e !olts 205 !*C
4. 6easure Priary ,pe-ance O7s 0.0%0
%. 6easure /econ-ary ,pe-ance O7s 0.0#4
6. 1orali=e Priary ,pe-ance Priary ,pe-ance x
/ec !olta2e> 3 Pri !olta2e>
0.0%0 x 205> 3 450> 4
0.00'4 ( 205 !*C
7. 8eterine Trans.orer ,pe-ance in
O7s
/econ-ary ,pe-ance & Priary
,pe-ance
0.0#4 & 0.00'4 o7s 4
0.0246 ( 205 !*C
5. Calculate Trans.orer /econ-ary
Current
0!* x 1000 3 "/ec. !olts x
1.7#2$
1%0 x 1000 3 "205 x 1.7#2$ 4
416.4 *ps
'. Calculate Trans.orer !olta2e 8rop Trans.orer O7s x /econ-ary
Current
0.0246 x 416.4 *ps 4
10.24 !olts
10. Calculate Trans.orer ,pe-ance 9 ,pe-ance 4 Trans.orer
!olta2e 8rop 3 /ec !olta2e
10.24 !olts 3 205 !olts 4
0.04'2 4