Major Disadvantages of File System over DBMS are:-

1. Data Redundancy: The data may be repeated several times. For e.g. the addresses
of customers will be present in the file maintaining information about customers
holding savings account and also the address of the customers will be present in file
maintaining the current account. Even when same customers have a saving account
and current account his address will be present at two places.
2. Data Inconsistency: Data redundancy leads to greater problem than just wasting
the storage i.e. it may lead to inconsistent data. Same data which has been repeated
at several places may not match after it has been updated at some places.
3. Transaction Support: Atomic transactions guarantee complete failure or success of
an operation. This is especially needed when there is concurrent access to the same
data-set. This functionality is not supported in most of the file systems whereas
DBMS has this support.
4. Fast Indexing: Databases allow indexing based on any attribute or data-property
(i.e. SQL columns). This helps fast retrieval of data, based on the indexed attribute.
This functionality is not offered by most file-systems.