Us History 2014 Sem 1a

California State Wide U.S.
Standards
11.1 Students analyze the significant events in the
founding of the nation and its attempts to realize
the philosophy of government described in the
Declaration of Independence.
11.2 Students analyze the relationship among the
rise of industrialization, large-scale rural-to-urban
migration, and massive immigration from Southern
and Eastern Europe.
11.3 Students analyze the role religion played in
the founding of America, its lasting moral, social,
and political impacts, and issues regarding religious
liberty
11.4 Students trace the rise of the United States to
its role as a world power in the twentieth century.

California State Wide U.S. Standards
11.5 Students analyze the major political, social,
economic, technological, and cultural developments
of the 1920s
11.6 Students analyze the different explanations for
the Great Depression and how the New Deal
fundamentally changed the role of the federal
government.
11.7 Students analyze American participation in
World War II
11.8 Students analyze the economic boom and
social transformation of post-World War II America.
11.9 Students analyze U.S. foreign policy since
World War II.

A Nations Beginnings (Prehistory 1824)
Ch. 1 Sec. 1 Notes #1
Columbian Exchange A European Trading route from
the Americas for crops such as wheat and the potato
West African Slave Trade To produce the crops that
brought so much profit in Europe Plantations began to
use slave labor from west Africa
Native American - Most Native American cultures were
based on extended family groups called clans. Native
Americans in the Pacific Northwest survived by fishing,
while Native Americas on the plains were nomadic
following their food sources Buffalo.
Disease - Europeans brought disease to the Americas
which infected the Natives American. Diseases like
Smallpox, Typhus, and Measles which Native Americans
had no resistance to disease
Spanish conquistadores The Spanish brought with
them steel weapons and horses, which gave them an
advantage over Native Americans.

Europe The Countries of Europe Like England,
Spain, France, and Germany were led by Monarchs
and a new middle class had evolved.
Africa Early relations between Europe and Africa
were peaceful. Mainly trading with Africa for Salt
and Gold
Nomad Native Americans moved their homes in
search of food
Europeans in West Africa - When Europeans
reached West Africa during the 1500s, they found
large kingdoms with sophisticated agricultural
systems and trade networks.
Muslims and Italians these two groups of
people dominated trade among Africa, Asia, and
Europe between the 1300s and the 1500s during
the European Renaissance

Class Quiz #1
1. Most Native American cultures centered on
A) extended family groups.
B) distinct religious beliefs.
C) agricultural ways of life.
D) shared political systems.

2. What advantages did Spanish conquistadores have
over Native Americans?
A) more gold
B) horses and steel weapons
C) greater numbers of people
D) advanced agricultural systems

3. Europeans who went to West Africa found
A) bands of nomadic peoples relying on hunting and gathering.
B) kingdoms of sophisticated agricultural and trade networks.
D) independent villages that lacked any economic Trade
C) colonies founded by earlier European on slave labor
Class Quiz #1
4. Which groups of people dominated trade among
Africa, Asia, and Europe between the 1300s and the
1500s?
A) Indians and Muslims
B) Muslims and Italians
C) talians and Portuguese
D) Portuguese and West Africans

5. Many Native Americans in the Pacific Northwest
survived by
A) fishing.
B) farming.
C) trading for food.
D) raising animals such as pigs and sheep.

Quick Write

What can you infer from the above
chart on early immigration to America?
Puritans A group that called for a pure form of the church.
Quakers - immigrated to and were the predominate group in
New Jersey and Pennsylvania.
House of Burgesses Claiming the rights of English men
Virginia planters elected officials to govern along side the Royal
governor appointed by the king
The Mayflower Compact An agreement that all settlers
would obey their governments law. It showed a concept for
self-government
Religious Tolerance The idea that people of different
religions should live in peace.
The Triangular Trade Three point in the Atlantic ocean the
Americas, Europe, and Africa.
The Middle Passage one leg the triangular trade where
slaves from Africa were transported to the Americas.
Stono Rebellion Several dozen slaves revolted near
Charleston killing 20 whites and burning the armory.

France - established colonies along the coast of Nova Scotia,
the St. Lawrence River, the Mississippi River, and the Gulf
Coast

Class Quiz #2
1. Which country established colonies along the coast of
Nova Scotia, the St. Lawrence River, the Mississippi
River, and the Gulf Coast?
A) Britain
B) France
C) Portugal
D) Spain

2. Which group of people founded the largest colonies in
New Jersey and Pennsylvania?
A) Quakers
B) Puritans
C) the Dutch
D) English planters

Classroom Quiz #2
3. A leg of the triangular trade route where slaves from
Africa were transported to the Americas.
A) Central Route
B) Middle passage
C) triangular trade route
D) West African Slave Portal

4. The Mayflower Compact was important because it
A) It decided whether America would allow slavery
B) It established one leg of the triangular trade route
C) It decided who would be Governor of the new colony
D) It showed a concept for self-government

Quick Write:
If you were traveling to Mars to
start the first colony and would be
there for years before anyone else
arrived. What would be a couple
social issues that you would want
clear.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?
feature=player_detailpage&v=o69
TvQqyGdg

Quick Write #2
All the states are located on the Atlantic sea
board. Where do you suppose their state
capitals are located and why?

American Colonist - believed that they were
entitled to the same rights of all English citizens
Magna Carta Signed by King John 1215, it
limited the power of the king
English Bill of Rights signed by William and
Mary in 1688 it was a list of freedoms that the
monarch must protect
Baron De Montesquieu and John Locke Were
two philosophers that applied reason to government
and advocated the people will
Great Awakening During the 1740s Evangelical
preachers traveled the colonies promoting tolerance
and freedom of religion

French and Indian War The war was fought
primarily between the colonies of British America
and New France, with both sides supported by
military units from their parent countries of Great
Britain and France, who declared war on each other
in 1756. In the same year, the war escalated from a
regional affair into a world-wide conflict.
British Victory Britain gained Areas west of the
Mississippi and Florida from Frances ally Spain.
American Colonies Britain thought that the
colonies did not do enough to support for the costly
war. Colonist thought that after the war they had
the right to be viewed as full citizens of the British
empire.

Class Quiz #3
1. Two European Philosophers that applied reason
to government?
A) John Quincy and John Locke
B) Jefferson and Montesquieu
C) John Locke and Montesquieu
D) John Quincy and Jefferson
2. In the French Indian War who fought
A) French vs. Indians.
B) French vs. English
C) English vs. Americans
D) Americans vs. Indians
3. This Promoted Religious freedom in the
Americans during the 1740s
A) Great Awakening
B) Declaration of Independence
C) Magna Carta
D) English Bill of Rights

4. American colonist believed they were
A) Tribal groups
B) British citizens
C) American Citizens
D) French Citizens

5. During the French Indian war Native
Americans fought
A) for both the English and the French.
B) for France
C) for America
D) for England
Quick Write #3:
How would you feel after you
fought against the French in the
war to defend English territory
only to have England treat you like
you had no rights as an English
citizen?

http://www.cleanvideosearch.co
m/media/action/yt/watch?videoI
d=p47tZLJbdag

Sugar Act increased the duty of sugar and other imported item
to the colonies Primarily used as a means to raise money
Stamp Act imposed a tax on every legal document in the
colonies including such things as newspapers and marriage
licenses. Inserted control over the colonies as well as earn money
Stamp Act Congress Held in October 1765 delegates from
nine of the colonies met. They claimed that Britain had no right to
force laws on the colonist because the colonist had no
representation in Parliament
Declaratory Act This measure stated that Parliament had the
authority to make laws that applied to the colonist in all cases
whatsoever
Boston Tea Party 50 individuals (Sons of Liberty most llikely)
dressed as Native Americans, boarded a ship and threw 9,000
pounds of tea overboard
Coercive acts Also known as the intolerable acts to the
colonist. They were a series of acts designed to punish protesters.
They included an act known as the QUARTERING ACT where
colonist were forced to house British Soldiers in their homes.

Boston Massacre March 5, 1770, a clash between a "patriot"
mob, throwing snowballs and stones and a squad of British
soldiers. Several colonists were killed and this led to a campaign
by speech-writers against the British
1st Continental Congress - advised States to Form a Militia.
Shot heard round the world refers to the first shot fired at the
battle of Lexington and Concord.
On April 19, 1775 - a force of British Army regulars marched
from Boston to Concord to capture Weapons. Forewarned by Paul
Revere and other messengers, the colonists stood in armed
resistance.
Common Sense Thomas Paine wrote this pamphlet in a style
that common people understood in which he presented the
American colonists with an argument for freedom from British rule
at a time when the question of seeking independence was still
undecided.
Declaration of Independence Written by Thomas Jefferson
for the Second Continental Congress in 1776. It outlined the
Colonies with to separate from Britain and the Ideas of John Locke
and the Social Contract.
Revolutionary War The war for American Independence from
Britain.

Class Quiz #4
1. What was the result of the Boston Massacre?
A) The Colonist feared protesting
B) Patriotic newspapers used it against Britain
C) Stamp Act
D) British imposed the Declaratory act
2. What caused the Boston Tea Party
A) Protest against the Tea Act
B) They favored fruit punch
C) Protest against Native Americans
D) Hatred for East India Company
3. What Philosophy influenced the Declaration
of Independence?
A) John Locke C) Thomas Jefferson
B) Thomas Hobbes D) George Washington

4.Thomas Paine wrote the pamphlet Common
Sense to
A) Make England angry
B) Confess his loyalty
C) To confuse American Colonist against England
D) To prepare American Colonist for war

5. The shot heard around the world refers to
A) A new French cannon
B) A new English Cannon
C) A new gun used by the colonist
D) The first shot fired in the revolution

http://www.cleanvideosearch.co
m/media/action/yt/watch?videoI
d=Y6ikO6LMxF4

Quick Write #4
What reason would the colonist
newspapers have for exaggerating the
British shooting Colonist by calling the
Boston Massacre?
Articles of Confederation approved in 1781 the Articles
established a limited government. Most of the political power
was held by the States. The Articles created only one branch of
Government which was the Legislature. It gave no power to
the Legislature to tax.
The American Constitution is the supreme law of the
United States of America. The Constitution delineates the
national frame of government. Its first three articles entrench
the doctrine of the separation of powers, whereby the federal
government is divided into three branches.
Federal System of government A system in which power
is shared among state and national authorities
Separation of Power Each branch of government has its
own authority, but no branch has complete power over the
government
Checks and balance - This system gives each branch the
power to check, or stop, the other branches in a certain way.

The Connecticut Compromise established a two house
bicameral system consisting of the House of representatives
whose Representatives were selected based on the population
of each state, and the Senate where states were to be equally
represented.
Three-Fifths Compromise when referring to the amount of
representation all free men shall be counted and so should
three-fifths of all other persons count. This formula was also
used in calculating in direct state tax.
Commerce and Slave Trade compromise Congress was
forbid to tax any exports from states and forbidden to act on
the slave trade for a period of twenty years
Ratification For the Constitution to become law, 9 of the 13
states had to ratify, or approve it. Ratification would voted on
by special conventions called in each state.
Federalist Lead by many of those who had attended the
Philadelphia convention favored ratification of the constitution.

Classroom Quiz #5
1. What was Americas first attempt at a
federal government?
A) Declaration of Independence C) Constitution
B) Articles Of Confederation D) Common Sense
2. The Articles of Confederation had only one
branch of government
A) The president C) The supreme Court
B) The legislature D) House of representatives
3. Government is separated into Branches of
government known as the
A) Checks and balance
B) American Constitution
C) Separation of Power
D) Articles of Confederation

Classroom Quiz #5
4. Also called the Great Compromise
was adopted as the constitutional plan
A) The Connecticut Compromise
B) The Virginia Plan
C) The New Jersey Plan
D) Three-Fifths Compromise
5. Congress was forbid to act on the
slave trade for a period of?
A) 10 Years
B) 50 years
C) 20 Years
D) 100 years

Quick Write #5
Why do you suppose that the States
originally wished to remain self-
governing with a weak central
government?

http://www.cleanvideosearch.com/me
dia/action/yt/watch?videoId=3KGG9af
W7XY

President George Washington - appointed Thomas Jefferson as
the first Secretary of State to conduct foreign policy, and
Alexander Hamilton U.S. treasurer.
National Banking System Hamilton convinced Congress using
the elastic clause of the constitution to establish a Federal bank.
President Thomas Jefferson - During his Presidency, Thomas
Jefferson convinced Congress to abandon the Alien and Sedition
Acts.
Louisiana Purchase Though some thought it was
unconstitutional for Thomas Jefferson to purchase the territory, he
decided to go ahead with the purchase anyway in order to remove
France's presence in the region. The purchase nearly doubled the
size of America and cost only 15 Million and the elimination of
Frances debt.
Marbury v. Madison - William Marbury had been appointed
Justice of the Peace in the District of Columbia by President John
Adams but whose commission was blocked by the then new
President Madison. Marbury petitioned the Supreme Court to force
the new Secretary of State James Madison to deliver the
documents.

John Marshall First Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
stated that the courts have a right to determine whether laws
are constitutional. This becomes known as Judicial Review
Impressment British ships began to stop and board
American ships at sea and force the sailors into service for
their ships.
Embargo instead of war Jefferson placed an Embargo
(suspension of trade) of Britain
The War of 1812 Congress declares war Britain for
continued harassment of American ships and arming Native
Americans against America. The War does not go well for
America for the first two years. We fail to invade British
Canada, and the British invade the Capital is burning it to the
ground. The war took a heavy toll on the British and both sides
finally agreed to a peace Treaty which did not change any
boundries.

American Manufacture Growth - The War of 1812
encouraged the United States to build factories to produce
textiles and other goods domestically after being cut off from
access to British manufactured goods
Pinckney's Treaty - negotiated by Thomas Pinckney with the
Spanish, permitted Americans to export produce through the
port of New Orleans.
Monroe Doctrine Stated that European Monocracies have
no rights to territory in the Americas and in return America
would stay out European affairs.

Classroom Quiz #6
1. The War of 1812 encouraged the United States to
A) conduct more trade with Britain.
B) slow cotton production as trade with Britain declined.
C) build factories producing textiles and other goods domestically.
D) expand its own colonies around the world.

2. During his Presidency, Thomas Jefferson placed an
__________ with Britain instead of War.
A) Trade of Louisiana.
B) Holt in Shipping.
C) Naval Blockade.
D) embargo on trade.

3. John Marshall states that courts have both a right and a
responsibility to
A) make laws.
B) revise the Constitution.
C) determine the constitutionality of laws.
D) disregard the Constitution when appropriate.

Classroom Quiz #6
4. Pinckney's Treaty
A) protected American sailors from impressment.
B) required the British to give up forts on American territory.
C) ended a naval war between France and the United States.
D) permitted Americans to export produce through the port of
New Orleans.

5. President George Washington appointed Thomas
Jefferson as the first Secretary of State to
A) first Secretary of State
B) first U.S. treasurer
C) First Supreme Chief Court Justice.
D) First Secretary of the Navy
.

Quick Write:
After the British set fire to our Nations
Capital a fluke storm appeared. It
happened so fast that it scatter the
British forces and put out the fires still
burning in our capital.
I wonder what you would think.
Coincidence or providence?
Civil War and Reconstruction (1800-1877)
Ch. 2 Sec 1 Notes #7
Andrew Jackson and Florida Jackson was sent by
President Adams to secure the Georgia boarder settlements
from Seminoles attacks. His army however, crossed into
Florida where they deposed the Spanish garrison that guarded
the peninsula.
AdamsOns Treaty - was a treaty between the United
States and Spain in 1819 that gave Florida to the U.S.
Tariffs - import taxes on foreign goods, helped northern
manufacturers sell goods that were more competitively priced.
The South resented such High Tariffs because it forced them to
buy from the North at Higher prices.
Andrew Jackson Becomes President in 1828. His policies
restricted the rights of Native Americans. He encouraged
congress to pass the Indian Removal Act in 1830, He forcibly
removed Cherokees from Georgia. So many Cherokee died on
the march that it became known as the Trail of Tears.

Second Great Awakening - a religious movement led mainly
by Baptist and Methodist congregations whose preachers
stimulated the establishment of many reform movements
designed to remedy the evils of society before the anticipated
Second Coming of Jesus Christ
Abolitionism Movement - was a historical movement to end
the African slave trade and set slaves free. Much of the early
rights gained by women included the right to own property and
the right to keep their own wages came from the abolition
movement.
Civil Disobedience Henry David Thoreau coined the term
which means when people protest unjust laws by peacefully
refusing to obey them.
Slavery in the South Was the economic means and it
underlay both southern cotton production and northern textile
manufacturing. Americans in the South did not think they
could be financially successful without enslaved labor.

Classroom Quiz #7
1. Early successes in the women's rights movement
related primarily to
A) voting.
B) divorce.
C) property rights.
D) abolition.

2. When people protest unjust laws by peacefully
refusing to obey them, they are
A) taking part in an unconstitutional act.
B) considered to be traitors.
C) breaking the law and will be arrested.
D) participating in civil disobedience.

3. Tariffs protected the interests of what group?
A) Federal troops
B) Northern manufacturers
C) Abolitionists
D) Southern farmers

Classroom Quiz #7
4. Some Americans supported slavery because they
believed that
A) abolitionists did not tell the truth.
B) their continued prosperity relied on slavery.
C) slave rebellions proved that slaves could not be trusted.
D) African Americans were the best farm laborers.

Quick Write:
Can you think of anything in
America now that you would be
motivated to commit an act Civil
Disobedience?
Manifest destiny The held belief in the United States that
American settlers were destined to expand West throughout
the continent.
Mexico Encouraged Immigration After Mexicos Fight for
independence left it broke Mexico encouraged immigration into
Texas to help fight off Native American Attacks on settlements.
Soon the American population outnumbered the Mexican
population. Mexico did not agree with slave labor and forbid
the use of it.
The Texas War of Independence - was the military conflict
between the government of Mexico and Texas colonists that
began October 2, 1835 and resulted in the establishment of
the Republic of Texas
Alamo - was a pivotal event in the Texas Revolution. Following
a 13-day siege, All of the Texan defenders were killed. The
battle is famously remembered and served to delay the
Mexican advance which allowed the Texans time to prepare.
Texas Becomes a State under the 1845 U.S. annexation of
Texas
Bear Flag Rebellion - In June, 1846, a number of American
immigrants living in Alta California rebelled against the Mexican
government. The immigrants had been threatened with expulsion
from California because they had entered without official
permission. Mexican officials were concerned about the growing
number of Americans into California. The rebellion was soon
overtaken by the beginning of the Mexican-American War.
Mexican-American War A dispute with between the State of
Texas And Mexico over the boundary as the Rio Grande led to an
all out War. American forces quickly occupied New Mexico and
California, then invaded parts of Northeastern Mexico and
Northwest Mexico finally forcing a Surrender after taking Mexico
City.
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo - forced Mexican Cession of the
territories of Alta California and New Mexico to the United States
in exchange for $15 million. the United States assumed $3.25
million of debt owed by the Mexican government to U.S. citizens.
Mexico accepted the loss of Texas and the Rio Grande as its
national border.
The Gold Rush of 1849 days after the Treaty of Guadalupe
Hidalgo the discovery of Gold at Sutter Mill becomes public.
The news of gold brought some 300,000 people to California.
The first waive of People looking for gold were known as
49ners.

Classroom Quiz #7
1. belief in the United States that American settlers
were destined to expand West was
A) Bear Flag Rebellion
B) Manifest destiny
C) The Alamo
D) Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

2. What is one reason Mexico encouraged immigration
into Texas?
A) English was the official language
B) to bring American weapons
C) to assist in the Mexican war for independence from Spain
D) to help protect the region from attacks by native Americans

3. What is on the California State Flag?
A) An Eagle C) A Bear
B) A Poppy D) A Blue Star
Classroom Quiz #7
4. The Mexican-American War began over a
A) Texas Boundary dispute over the Rio Grande
B) The Annex of Texas by America
C) Mexicos Support of the Bear Flag Revolt
D) New Mexico Revolution

5. The first waive of People looking for gold in California
were known as
A) The Gold Rushers
B) The California Gold Diggers
C) The 49ners
D) The Seahawks
Fredrick Douglas - an African-American social reformer, orator,
writer and statesman. After escaping from slavery, he became a
leader of the abolitionist movement. He stood as a living counter-
example to slaveholders' arguments that slaves lacked the
intellectual capacity to function as independent American citizens.
The Underground Railroad - Abolitionists who operated the
Underground Railroad helped escaped slaves travel from the
South to safe locations in the North and Canada
The Wilmot Proviso - Although the Wilmot Proviso never
passed, it proposed a ban on slavery in all territory acquired from
Mexico. It did not, however, ban slavery in the South.
Compromise of 1850 - California's would be admitted as a free
state. It prevented adoption of the Wilmot Proviso, and the New
Mexico Territory and Utah Territory could in principle decide in the
future to become slave states through popular sovereignty.
The Fugitive Slave Act - Part of the Compromise of 1850, the
Fugitive Slave Act required all citizens in the North and the South
to help apprehend escaped slaves.

Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote the antislavery novel Uncle
Toms Cabin out of resentment towards The Fugitive Slave Act
Kansas-Nebraska Act After Violence broke out in Kansas
over Slavery Congress created the territories of Kansas and
Nebraska and repealed Missouri Compromise of 1820 allowing
people of the territories to decide which state to be Slave or
Free.
Dred Scott v. Sandford - The Supreme court decision in the
Dred Scott case stated that enslaved African Americans were
the property of their owners and were not citizens; Therefore
they could not sue in the American court system.
John Brown's raid - Abolitionist John Brown planned the raid
on Harpers Ferry was to steal enough weapons to invade the
South in hopes of inspire local slaves into joining a revolution
to end slavery in the South.
Lincoln-Douglas Debates Abraham Lincoln debated against
Stephan Douglas during their Senate race. Lincoln believed
that majority should not have the power to deny a minority of
their rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

Classroom Quiz #8
1. The Underground Railroad existed to
A) help escaped slaves travel north to freedom.
B) circulate abolitionist literature in the South.
C) help southern plantation owners capture runaway slaves.
D) provide support for traveling abolitionists.

2. John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry was intended to
A) steal enough weapons to invade the South.
B) spark conflict in West Virginia.
C) protest the Fugitive Slave Act.
D) inspire local slaves to join a revolt.

3. What effect did the fall of Fort Sumter have?
A) South Carolina seceded from the Union.
B) Union troops showed their military superiority.
C) The Union's surrender led to the Civil War.
D) The South withdrew from Union military posts.

Classroom Quiz #8
4. The Fugitive Slave Act
A) freed all escaped slaves.
B) required citizens to catch or turn in runaway slaves.
C) was particularly unpopular in the South.
D) was very popular in both the North and South.

5. What was one result of the Dred Scott decision?
A) The federal government's power to eliminate slavery grew.
B) Enslaved African Americans lost their standing as citizens.
C) Slavery was ended in Illinois and Missouri.
D) Southerners could no longer claim slaves as property.

Quick Write:
Fredrick Douglass secretly taught
himself how to read and write (which
was crime in the south). He later often
said, "knowledge is the pathway from
slavery to freedom.
How important to you believe
Knowledge and Education is import
today? Give me examples of what it
might mean in your life.
Abraham Lincoln Becomes President 1860. No Slave state
voted for Lincoln
Secede South Carolina becomes the first state to leave the
Union. Six other states soon join and form the Confederate
States of America. In time four additional States would Join
Fort Sumter - After Confederates attacked Fort Sumter,
marking the Start of the American Civil War
Four Slave States remained loyal to the Union - Maryland,
Delaware, Kentucky, and Missouri
Battle of Bull Run was the first major battle of the Civil
War. Most of the soldiers involved were volunteers with little
training and unprepared for the conditions of war.
War of attrition a defensive war where you wear down the
opponent until they give up the effort. The South only needed
a draw or tie
Naval Blockade the northern strategy to stop the sale of
cotton by the south to Europe by blocking southern sea ports.

Ulysses S. Grant led the Union forces in the West. He was
later appointed commander of Union forces.
Robert E. lee Commanded the Southern Forces
The Anaconda Plan Was a plan to seize the Mississippi
river and the gulf of Mexico dividing the south and stopping
southern shipments of supplies.
The Monitor and the Merrimack Two Iron clad steam
ships one, the Monitor, from the North and the other, the
Merrimack from the south.
Emancipation Proclamation - On New Years day 1863,
President Lincoln declared that all persons held as slaves
within said designated United States and parts of states are
and henceforward shall be free it had little impact on slavery
because it did not apply to the Loyal Slave States or to states
captured by the North
By 1865 The Emancipation Proclamation did encourage
black soldiers has enlisted in the Union army

The 54th Massachusetts - was an all African American
brigade under White command
Gettysburg The most famous three battle ever fought in
America. It was the deciding battle of the Civil War.

Classroom Quiz #9
1. African Americans joined the Union army in greater
numbers after the
A) Battle of Gettysburg.
B) suspension of habeas corpus.
C) draft law was introduced.
D) Emancipation Proclamation.

2. During the Civil War, the North had the this
advantage
A) industrial capacity.
B) military training centers.
C) motivated troops.
D) alliances with foreign nations.

3. The goal of the Anaconda Plan was to
A) destroy Northern railroads.
B) recruit former slaves into the Union army.
C) cut off the South's food and supplies.
D) build new southern military forts.

Classroom Quiz #9
4. One impact that the Emancipation Proclamation had
was
A) Slaves in the South went Free
B) The South gave up
C) More African Americans enlisted into the Union Army
D) The Southern Troops fought harder

5. What actually started the fighting in the Civil War?
A) Lincoln Declared War to force the South back into Union
B) The South seceded from Union
C) The Union attacked the South sea ports
D) The South fired upon the Union at Fort Sumter
Quick Write:
If the Emancipation Proclamation was
limited and did not have a direct
impact on slavery in the south, why do
you suppose President Lincoln felt it so
necessary. What impact do you think it
did have?

The South surrenders - at Appomattox, Virginia.
The Thirteenth Amendment - Ratified in 1865 Abolished
slavery and the granted government the power to enforce it.
Lincoln is Assassinated - on April 14th, 1865 by John Wilkes
Booth at the Ford Theater.
The Fourteenth Amendment Ratified in 1868 It re-defined
citizenship and naturalization and made it illegal to participate
in a rebellion
Reconstruction The first focused was on bringing the North
and South together as one country.
Impeaching President Johnson - Andrew Johnson was
impeached when Congress became unhappy with the way he
was dealing with some post-Civil War matters, but Johnson
was acquitted in the Senate by one vote and remained in office
Ulysses S. Grant - a hero of the Civil War had intentions of
becoming President. Johnson's impeachment made Grant
seem like a stronger candidate
Grant's administration - was plagued with scandal, and
northerners gradually turned their attention from the South to
focus the administration's difficulties.
Fifteenth Amendment Voting rights shall not be abridged
because of race or color and the enforcement of this right.
Ku Klux Klan Used terror and violence against African
Americans and White supporters with a chief goal of keeping
African Americans from voting.
Reconstruction nears an End With the Scandals in the
Grant administration Federal troops in the South began to
withdrawal. Slowly Southern Democrats many former
confederate leaders returned to power in the congress and as
governors.
1876 Election With a dispute over Votes in southern states
A deal with the South removes all federal Troops from the
south in return for accepting Rutherford Hayes as president.
De Jure Segregation Legal separation of races became the
law of the South.
Classroom Quiz #10
1. What was one problem that damaged the cause of
reconstruction?
A) the Grant administration's scandals
B) increased voter turnout
C) growth of the Ku Klux Klan
D) low incomes for sharecroppers

2. Why was General Grant involved in Andrew Johnson's
impeachment?
A) As a member of the Senate, Grant conducted the impeachment
trial.
B) Grant was a prominent Republican working to impeach Johnson.
C) If Johnson were impeached, Grant would automatically become
President.
D) Johnson had committed a military crime.

3. What was the immediate effect of the Fourteenth
Amendment?
A) Southern slaves were freed.
B) Former enslaved African Americans became citizens.
C) All male citizens could vote.
D) Segregation was instituted in the South.

Classroom Quiz #10
4. Congress tried to ____________ President Johnson
A) Convince him to Stop reconstruction.
B) send more troops to the South.
C) impeach
D) elect

5. What was one immediate goal of Reconstruction?
A) to rejoin the North and South
B) to bring African Americans and whites together
C) to institute segregation
D) to encourage sharecropping

Quick Write:
Would you have wanted to punish
the South for the Civil War? Would
you have allowed them to have
representation in Government
again?
UNIT 1
Chapters

1 and 2
Developing Industrial America (1865-1914)
Ch. 3 Sec. 1 Notes 11
Causes of Industrial growth There was an abundance of
natural resources in the expanded United States such as
Lumber, Coal, and Oil. Immigrant from southern and eastern
Europe as well as Asia filled the labor demand in factories
The light bulb and phonograph - Thomas Alva Edison
invented many new items, including the light bulb and the
phonograph. His inventions had a positive impact on the
economy.
Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone making
communication faster
Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller - made their
fortunes during this time. Andrew Carnegie in steel and John
D. Rockefeller co-founded of Standard Oil Company
"The Gospel of Wealth" - Andrew Carnegie called on the rich
to use their wealth to improve society, and stimulated a wave
of philanthropy.
Captains of Industry Implies that business leaders have
served the Nation in a positive way
Robber Barons implies that business leaders stole their
fortune from the public
Working environment of industrial workers - In England,
as well as in the United States, most industrial workers put in
long hours under poor conditions for little pay.
Child labor in Coal mines - Young boys were hired as
breaker boys in the coal mines to separate coal needed for fuel
from slate and other rocks.
The Haymarket Riot - It began as a peaceful rally in support
of workers striking for an eight-hour day. A bomb blast and
ensuing gunfire however, resulted in the deaths of seven police
officers and at least four civilians. Eight anarchists are later
arrested.
1894 Nationwide Strikes - a nationwide strike against the
railroad companies began with a walkout in Pullman, Illinois,
where Pullman passenger cars were manufactured. Eugene V.
Debs came to the aid of the striking workers. Other railroad
companies joined forces with Pullman.

Social Darwinism Government should not interfere with
competition between businesses included protecting workers.
The most fit business would be successful.
Classroom Quiz #11
1. The light bulb and phonograph were invented by
A) Andrew Carnegie.
B) Thomas Edison.
C) John D. Rockefeller.
D) Phillip Armour.

2. Young men were hired to work as breaker boys in
A) coal mines.
B) textile mills.
C) factories.
D) railroad companies.

3. After the Haymarket Riot, the government arrested eight
__________, political radicals who were opposed to any
form of government.
A) anarchists
B) trustees
C) philanthropists
D) entrepreneurs

Classroom Quiz #11
4. Which of these sentences best describes the
situations of most industrial workers?
A) They made a fortune in industry.
B) They believed in Social Darwinism.
C) They were well-educated.
D) They endured long days for low wages.

5. In 1894, a nationwide strike against the __________
companies occurred; this became known as the Pullman
Strike.
A) steel
B) railroad
C) oil
D) textile

Quick Write:
Do you think that Major corporations
today follow Andrew Carnegies "The
Gospel of Wealth
Would you call companies like Exxon
Oil and Nike Captains of Industry or
Robber Barons
Immigration Patterns 18 million Europe immigrants
arrived (mostly Southern and Eastern European Jewish or
Catholic religion) 25 million immigrants from Asia (mainly
China)
Push/Pull Factor Immigrants were pushed from their
countries for various reasons such as persecution and pulled to
the U.S. by the promise of work in the expanding industry.
Ellis Island - just outside New York City, was the entry point
for immigrants arriving to America on the East Coast.
Angel Island The West coast entry point for Asia immigrants
entering the U.S.
Cosmopolitan Lifestyle - Immigrants and American farmers
were drawn to live in the cities because of the cosmopolitan
lifestyle and the variety of social events offered such as the
theater, sporting events, and a more social lifestyle.
Edith Wharton and Mark Twain - were two writers who
found success during the Gilded Age. Mark Twain often
satirized the elitism living of the era.
Tenements Immigrants crowded into sub-divided homes.
With few windows and little sanitation tenements were
unhealthy and dangerous.
Middle Class As Large companies grow they require
managers, attorneys, and accountants. A new middle class
forms that can afford luxuries that only the rich once could
afford.
Suburbs - New forms of transportation, including the elevated
railroad and electric trolleys, led to the development of
suburbs.

Classroom Quiz #12
1. New forms of transportation led to the first __________,
residential areas surrounding the cities.
A) tenements
B) ghettos
C) suburbs
D) neighborhoods

2. The theater, sporting events, and a more social lifestyle
drew many immigrants and farmers to live
A) in the country.
B) in the city.
C) on the coast.
D) in the suburbs.

3. Immigrants arriving in the United States on the East
Coast entered through
A) Ellis Island.
B) Angel Island.
C) Boston, Massachusetts.
D) Galveston, Texas.

Classroom Quiz #12
4. Which was a "pull factor" for immigration?
A) political freedom
B) religious freedom
C) military service
D) employment

5. Edith Wharton and Mark Twain were two famous
__________ who found success during the Gilded Age.
A) writers
B) artists
C) inventors
D) politicians

Quick Write:
The Middle Class in American is
Shrinking. The largest employer in the
United States right now is Wal-Mart,
with 76% of all Americans living
paycheck to paycheck.
If the Middle class disappears what do
you have left? Where will you fit in the
future.
African-American setbacks The southern majority took
back may of the civil rights African American received after the
civil war. Federal Troops from the North were removed after
election of 1876.
Slow economic Growth in the South - High illiteracy rates,
discrimination against African Americans, and a distrust of
foreign immigrants kept the southern economy from
experiencing rapid growth.
Ku Klux Klan - The Ku Klux Klan terrorized African Americans
who tried to exercise their political rights in the south. The
New Klan expanded its hate towards Jews and immigrates.
Sharecropping A system in which the Landowners provided
the land, seed, and tools to a sharecropper in exchange for a
share of harvested crops.
Timber mills - were an important part of the New South
economy in the Gulf states, such as Louisiana and Mississippi.

Transcontinental Railroad - The transcontinental railroad
was completed on May 10, 1869, when Leland Stanford drove
in the last spike in Promontory Point, Utah.
Culture Threat Native American livelihood was based on
hunting. Farmers and hunters migrating west killed the
animals for their hides and for sport. They destroyed the
Native American way of life.
The Reservations - Native Americans were forced to move
on to reservations or public land specifically reserved for them.
Dawes Act in 1887 gave the government to power to divide
to reservation land into individual properties and give the
Native Americans the opportunity to become Citizens.
Native American Resistance - The Dakota people refused to
be moved to a reservation; following a conflict between the
Dakota and settlers in Minnesota, 300 Dakota warriors were
sentenced to death. Of those, 39 were executed.

Classroom Quiz #13
1. What project did Leland Stanford complete in
Promontory Point, Utah, in May, 1869?
A) moving Native Americans to reservations
B) a cross-country cattle drive
C) the transcontinental railroad
D) fencing the open range

2. Some Indian groups, such as the __________ chose to
fight against being sent to reservations.
A) Dakota
B) Nez Percs
C) Sioux
D) Onodaga Nation

3. Timber mills were an important part of the New South
economy in the
A) Carolina hill country.
B) Gulf states.
C) Western states.
D) North and Midwest.

4. High illiteracy rates, discrimination, and a distrust of
immigrants kept the __________ from growing
economically.
A) North
B) South
C) Midwest
D) West

5. Groups such as the __________ terrorized African
Americans in the southern states.
A) Populist party
B) Dakota
C) Ku Klux Klan
D) Nez Percs

Quick Write:
The Landowners provided the land,
seed, and tools at such a high rate
that the sharecroppers sunk in debt to
the point that they were working the
land for free.
It what ways do you think this was
different and/or the same as slavery?
The Gilded Age - an era of serious social problems disguised
by a thin gold gilding
Plessy v. Ferguson - The 1896 supreme court case upheld
segregation as long as states maintained equal facilities for
both races which became known as the spate but equal clause.
Jim Crow Laws A series of laws designed to separate
African Americans from Whites. Jim crow laws called for the
segregation of blacks and whites in schools, parks, public
buildings, hospitals, and transportation
Poll Tax A special fee that must be paid to vote or be a land
owner for a person to vote
Literacy Tests - To keep African Americans from voting,
southern states required literacy tests before a person could
vote.
Grandfather Clauses Exempted people who had vote
before or who had grandfathers who had voted before
Lynching The unlawful murder of an accused man without
legal trail

The Gold Standard - Both Democratic and Republican
Presidents favored the gold standard, which farmers did not
support because they believed that it hurt them as prices for
crops such wheat, cotton, and corn fell. Farmers found
themselves further in debt.
Populist Party An economic revolt party. Farmers in the
mid-West and South organized to seek more government
regulation of Railroad shipping prices and storage rates.
Graft means Bribery and corruption, and it touched all parts
of public life in the Gilded Age.
White Caps (Las Gorras Blancas) - were groups of Mexican
Americans who sabotage railroad lines and cut holes in fences
to protest unfair treatment over the loss and sale of their
properties after the Mexican American war.
Chinese Exclusion act In 1882 the federal government
temporarily banned further immigration from China based on
protest that Chinese were taking white workers jobs.

Classroom Quiz #14
1. What was the result of the court case Plessy v. Ferguson?
A) The decision upheld segregation as long as facilities were separate but
equal.
B) The decision outlawed segregation.
C) The decision stated that segregation could not be enforced in schools.
D) The decision established poll taxes and literacy test for all voters.

2. Both Republican and Democratic Presidents favored
A) tariffs.
B) the gold standard.
C) populism.
D) the silver Standard.

3. White Caps were groups of __________ Americans who
sabotage railroad lines and cut holes in fences to protest unfair
treatment.
A) African
B) Mexican
C) Chinese
D) Native

Classroom Quiz #14
4. an era of serious social problems disguised by a thin
gold gilding
A) The Lynching Era.
B) The Era of segregation.
C) The Gilded Age.
D) The Graft Age.

5. To keep African Americans from voting, southern
states required __________ before a person could vote.
A) proof of voter registration
B) vision tests
C) literacy tests
D) birth certificates

Quick Write:
A Golden Age would mean an era
of Prosperity. The Gilded Age was
an era of hidden social problems.
What would you call the age we
are living in now and why?
The Progressive era (1890-1920)
The Progressive movement the main goal was eliminating
corruption in government by exposing and undercutting political
machines and their bosses and establishing further means of
direct democracy
Muckrakers - refers to reform-minded journalists who often
worked to expose social ills and corporate and political corruption.
Ida Tarbell - reported on the tactics of John D. Rockefeller and the
Standard Oil Company in The History of Standard Oil. Referred to
as a Muckraker Ida Tarbell wrote about the ruthless business
practices of Standard Oil.
Lincoln Steffens - published a book titled The Shame of the
Cities. The book sought to bring about political reform in urban
America by appealing to the emotions of Americans. He tried to
provoke outrage with examples of corrupt governments
throughout urban America.
Jacob August Riis - was a Danish American social reformer,
"muckraking" journalist and social documentary photographer. He
is known for using his photographic and journalistic talents to help
the impoverished in New York City.
Florence Kelley - worked to have child labor banned and lobbied
for the creation of the U.S. Children's Bureau to examine issues
affecting the health and welfare of children.

The Social Gospel - The movement applied Christian ethics
to social problems, especially issues of social justice such as
economic inequality, poverty, alcoholism, crime, racial
tensions, slums, unclean environment, child labor, inadequate
labor unions, poor schools, and the danger of war
Direct Primary - the power of the people to vote directly for
the nomination of a candidate from party leaders.
The Initiative a procedure by which voters may propose a
statute, constitutional amendment, or ordinance, and compel a
popular vote on its adoption without the consent of the elected
representatives.
The Referendum - is a direct vote in which an entire
electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular
proposal
The Recall - is a procedure by which voters can remove an
elected official from office through a direct vote before his or
her term has ended

Classroom Quiz #15
1. Which reformer led the effort to ban child labor and
protect children's welfare?
A) Jane Addams
B) Florence Kelley
C) Walter Rauschenbusch
D) Francis Ellen Watkins

2. refers to reform-minded journalists who often worked to
expose social ills
A) Recall
B) Referendum
C) Muckraker
D) Direct Primary

3. The Social Gospel was
A) a movement applied Christian ethics to social problems
B) the ideology of Populism used towards worsening Social issues
C) Group that advocated Child working hours.
D) the first organized effort to recall a U.S. President.

Classroom Quiz #15
4. is a procedure by which voters can remove an elected
official from office ?
A) Recall
B) Referendum
C) Muckraker
D) Direct Primary

5. Muckraker Ida Tarbell wrote about the
A) need for improved schools.
B) effects of industrialization on family life.
C) ruthless business practices of Standard Oil.
D) dangerous and difficult lives of child workers.

Quick Write:
Most people dont know that the right
of the people to petition the
government is protected in the bill of
rights under the 1
st
amendment. Do
you think that this right which includes
the Initiative, the Referendum, or the
Recall efforts are as import and the
right to freedom or speech and
religion? Explain you answer?
National Consumers League - chartered in 1899 the
League's early focus was to oppose the harsh, unregulated
working conditions many Americans were forced to endure
through the power of purchase.
National American woman Suffrage association - the
largest and most important suffrage organization in the United
States, and was the primary promoter of women's right to
vote
Carrie Chapman Catt - succeeded Susan B. Anthony as the
leader of the National American Woman Suffrage Association in
1900.
Temperance movement - was a social movement that urged
personal moderation in the consumption of alcoholic
beverages. It use political influence to press the government
to enact alcohol laws to regulate the availability of alcohol and
later even its complete prohibition.

Alice Paul - organized women to engage in civil disobedience,
use of public protest marches, and hunger strikes in a
campaign to demand suffrage for women.
Muller v. Oregon - the Supreme Court upheld a 1903 Oregon
law that limited women's workdays to 10 hours.
The National Association of Colored Women - established
day-care centers to protect and educate African American
children and offered classes to help parents learn to better
care for their children.
The Nineteenth Amendment - to the United States
Constitution prohibits any United States citizen from being
denied the right to vote on the basis of sex. It was ratified on
August 18, 1920.

Classroom Quiz #16
1. a social movement that urged personal moderation in
the consumption of alcoholic beverages.
A) National Consumers League
B) woman Suffrage Movement
C) Association of Colored Women movement
D) Temperance movement

2. Which reformer succeeded Susan B. Anthony as the
leader of the National American Woman Suffrage
Association?
A) Ida B. Wells
B) Carrie Chapman Catt
C) Alice Paul
D) Elizabeth Cady Stanton

3. Constitution prohibits any United States citizen from
being denied the right to vote on the basis of sex is which
amendment?
16
th
Amendment
17th Amendment
18th Amendment
19th Amendment

Classroom Quiz #16
4. In Muller v. Oregon, the Supreme Court ruled that
A) women could attend college.
B) employers could limit women's work hours.
C) employers could pay women lower wages than men for the same
job.
D) women did not have to give their wages to their husbands,
fathers, and brothers.

5. The National Association of Colored Women
A) made loans to African Americans.
B) helped middle-class African Americans fight discrimination in
court.
C) provided health insurance coverage for African Americans who
became ill.
D) set up day-care centers to protect and educate African American
children.

Quick Write:
Would you consider using your
purchase power to change the way a
company does business?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M
5uYCWVfuPQ&feature=player_detailpa
ge

Progressives - were mostly made up of White Anglo-Saxon
Protestants who played the largest role in the Progressive
Movement.
The 1887 Dawes Act - Divided reservation lands into
individual plots to farm, and any lands not given to individual
Native Americans were sold to the general public. By 1932,
white owners had acquired nearly two-thirds of lands
previously held by Native American tribes.
Booker T. Washington he established the Tuskegee
Institute, a historically black college in Alabama and called for
black progress through education and entrepreneurship. He
thought if Black people worked hard, contributed to society,
and were patient that they would eventually win over white
peoples respect and the full rights under the constitution.
W.E.B. Du Bois and William Monroe Trotter - were more
aggressive reformers who helped lead the Niagara Movement.
Niagara Movement was a call for opposition to racial
segregation and disenfranchisement, and it was opposed to
policies of accommodation and conciliation promoted by
African American leaders such as Booker T. Washington.
Octaviano Larrazolo - a Progressive governor of New
Mexico. He worked for many reforms, including women's
suffrage and laws to help children, while serving as New
Mexico's governor in the early 1900s.
National Association for the Advancement of Colored
People - an African-American civil rights organization whose
goal is to ensure the political, educational, social, and
economic equality of rights of all persons and to eliminate
racial hatred and racial discrimination" In the early 1900s, the
NAACP focused its early efforts on challenging unfair laws in
the courts to gain equal access to housing and professional
careers.

Classroom Quiz #17
1. Most Progressives were
A) Jews.
B) immigrants.
C) African Americans.
D) white Anglo-Saxon Protestants.

2. The 1887 Dawes Act
A) did not affect Native American land ownership.
B) led to the sale of almost two-thirds of Native American lands to
whites.
C) redistributed Native American lands among different Native
American tribes.
D) increased Native American land holdings by allowing them to
buy government lands to farm.

3. Which reformers helped lead the Niagara Movement?
A) Jane Addams and Booker T. Washington
B) Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois
C) W.E.B. Du Bois and William Monroe Trotter
D) William Monroe Trotter and Edgar Gardner Murphy

Classroom Quiz #17
4. Who was Octaviano Larrazolo?
A) a leader of the Urban League
B) an opponent of bilingual education
C) a Progressive governor of New Mexico
D) a founder of the Partido Liberal Mexicano

5. In the early 1900s, the NAACP focused on
A) defending African Americans against verbal attacks.
B) fighting for equal access to housing and professional
careers.
C) encouraging African Americans to pursue vocational
education.
D) setting up employment agencies for poor African American
workers.

Quick Write:
Booker T. Washington thought if Black
people worked hard and were patient
that they would eventually win over
white peoples respect and full rights
under the constitution.
If you could go back to 1908. What
might you say to him?
New York Republican leadership - encouraged William
McKinley to choose Theodore Roosevelt as his running mate
because his reform efforts as governor annoyed them and they
wanted him out of New York.
McKinley Assassination - On September 6, President McKinley
was shot by an anarchist. Roosevelt took office after his death.
Theodore Roosevelt - was an American author, naturalist,
explorer, historian, and politician who served as the 26th
President of the United States. He was a leader of the Republican
Party and founder of the Progressive Party. he expanded the
power of the president and used his power to push forward many
progressive programs.
Square deal Policy - was President Theodore Roosevelt's
domestic program formed upon three basic ideas: conservation of
natural resources, control of corporations, and consumer
protection
Upton Sinclair's - In his novel The Jungle Sinclair's
descriptions of unhealthy conditions in the nation's meatpacking
facilities angered the President and caused him to urge Congress
to pass the Meat Inspection Act in 1906.

Pure Food and Drug Act - the first of a series of significant
consumer protection laws enacted by the Federal Government in
the twentieth century and led to the creation of the Food and
Drug Administration. Its main purpose was to ban foreign and
interstate traffic in adulterated or mislabeled food and drug
products
John Muir - was a Scottish-American naturalist, author, and early
advocate of preservation of wilderness in the United States led
Congress to establish Yosemite National park in 1890.
Gifford Pinchot - his concept of "rational use" called for the
preservation of forests for public use. He wanted to protect
different forested areas at different times to maintain a good
supply of lumber for building.
Interstate Commerce Commission - Congress established the
ICC to oversee rail charges for shipments that passed through
more than one state, and to make certain all shippers were
charged the same rate.
The Supreme Court's "rule of reason" - relaxed the
restrictions of the Sherman Antitrust Act, and allowed for large
monopolies so long as they did not "unreasonably" squeeze out
smaller companies.

Classroom Quiz #18
1. Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle led Roosevelt to urge
the passage of the
A) Meat Inspection Act.
B) Sherman Antitrust Act.
C) Pure Food and Drug Act.
D) National Reclamation Act.

2. Gifford Pinchot wanted to preserve the nation's forests
to
A) prevent logging.
B) maintain their natural beauty.
C) give the trees time to mature into good lumber.
D) protect the many forms of wildlife that lived there.

3. Congress established the Interstate Commerce
Commission to
A) set maximum prices for ferries, bridge tolls, and oil pipelines.
B) impose fines on railroads that gave special rates to favored
shippers.
C) oversee rail charges for shipments that passed through more
than one state.
D) help western farmers transport their goods to eastern markets.

Classroom Quiz #18
4. Why did Republican leaders in New York encourage
William McKinley to choose Theodore Roosevelt as his
running mate?
A) He had been elected to the New York State Assembly at a
young age.
B) His reform efforts as governor annoyed them and they wanted
him out of New York.
C) He was a war hero due to his service in the Rough Riders
during the Spanish-American War.
D) He had gained a reputation for fighting corruption as president
of New York City's Board of Police Commissioners.

5. The three Cs of Roosevelts Square deal Policy were
A) Conservation of natural resources, Control of corporations, and
Consumer protection
B) centralized authority, Control on banking, and Command of the
military.
C) Corporate trust, Control of Government, and conservation of
natural resources.
D) Capital Gain, Corporate influence of Government, and
Consumer punishment

Quick Write:
to dissolve the unholy alliance between
corrupt business and corrupt politics is the
first taskThis country belongs to the
people. Its resources, its business, its laws,
its institutions, should be utilized,
maintained, or altered in whatever manner
will best promote the general interest
- Roosevelt
Do you believe that this view is still suited
for todays need?
UNIT 2

CHAPTERS

3 and 4
Emerging World Power (1890-1917)
Ch 5 Sec 1 Notes #19
Alfred T. Mahan A military officer who wrote The Influence
of Sea Power Upon History helped to transform America into a
Naval Power by calling America to build modern war ships and
acquire military bases around the world to refuel and station
ships
Commodore Matthew Perry Sailed a fleet of Navy
warships into Tokyo bay. Japan had denied the world access to
its ports before Perry arrived. Perry negotiated a treaty that
opened Japans market up to the United States
Pan-America Conference Sponsored by Secretary of State
James Blaine. The conference proposed economic cooperation
between Latin-American countries and the United States, and
a highway system that connects the United States to central
and South America
America Purchases Alaska Secretary of State William
Seward purchased Alaska from Russia for 7.2 million Most
Americans why we bought a cold and far away place.

Planters gain power in Hawaii American Planters
convince King Kalakaua to amend Hawaiis constitution so that
only wealthy landowners could vote, who were of course White
planters. When King Kalakaua died Queen Liliuokalani
abolished the constitution.
United States acquires Hawaii Planters like Sanford B.
Dole with the support of American troops led a revolt to
overthrow the Queen. John Stevens ordered the Marines to
seize power, and Dole asked President Harrison to annex
Hawaii
Secretary of State James Blaine - By the late 1880s, U.S.
businessmen saw Latin America as a place where they could
expand trade and investments. James Blaine organized a
conference in 1889 to support economic cooperation with Latin
American countries

Classroom Quiz #19
1. When the United States bought Alaska in 1867, many
Americans
A) decided to move there.
B) wanted instead to focus on Latin American affairs.
C) wondered why we bought such a cold and far away place.

2. The conference proposed economic cooperation
between Latin-American countries.
A)Big Stick Policy.
B) Russian agreement.
C) Pan-America Conference

3. Secretary of State William Seward urged the purchased
of this territory from Russia for 7.2 million
A) California
B) Hawaii
C) Alaska
D) Washington

Classroom Quiz #19
4. Sailed a fleet of Navy warships into Tokyo bay, and
negotiated a treaty that opened Japans market up to
the United States
A) Matthew Perry
B) Alfred Mahan
C) James T. Kirk

5. Hawaiian Planters such as ___________ convinced
American troops to lead a revolt to overthrow the
Queen?
A) George Dewey
B) Emilio Aguinaldo
C) Sanford B. Dole

Ch 5 Sec 2 Notes#20
Cuba Rebels Against Spain Led by a Cuban Patriot named
Jose Marti the Cuban Rebels used guerrilla warfare tactics. Spain
forced the rural population into re-concentration camps to end the
fighting. Tens of thousands died.
Yellow Press Named after a popular cartoon character the
yellow kid. William Randolph Hurst and Joseph Pulitzer were
newspaper publishers that exaggerated Spains brutality and
compared Cuban rebels to the American Patriots in the
Revolutionary war.
Nationalism Hurst prints a stolen letter from Spains
Ambassador that calls President McKinley weak and Stupid. The
title was Worst insult to America in history. American People are
outraged
USS Maine Soon after a battleship USS Maine explodes in
Havana harbor Cuba. The Newspapers accuse Spain and urge War.
War fever grips the Nation. The Papers read remember the
Maine
Blockade - The United States Orders A naval blockade of Cuba
and 100,000 new troops. Spain responds by declaring war against
the America

Ch 5 Sec 2 Notes#20
George Dewey Commodore of the Navy won an early victory
for the U.S. when he defeated the Spanish navy in the Manila bay,
Philippines.
Emilio Aguinaldo Filipino Nationalist leader who led the fight
for independence against the Spanish in the Philippines. After
15,000 U.S. soldiers land on the Island, the Spanish Surrender in
the Philippines.
War in Cuba 17,000 soldiers captured Guantanamo bay.
General Shafters troops were ill equipped with old weapons and
contaminated food.
Theodore Roosevelt & the Rough Riders The future
President commanded a cavalry unit made up of rugged
horseback soldiers that earned their fame in the battles of Kettle
and San Juan Hills.
The 9th and 10th Cavalry African American units that fought
in Cuba and that helped secure the area around Santiago
Fighting slows to an End The Spanish attempts to escape the
U.S. Blockade in Santiago, but is surrounded and forced to
surrender. Light fighting continued in Puerto Rico, but the War was
all but over

Classroom Quiz #20
1. Filipino Nationalist leader who led the fight for
independence against the Spanish in the Philippines
A) George Dewey
B) Emilio Aguinaldo
C) Sanford B. Dole

2. What was the 9th and 10th Cavalry in Spanish America
War
A) A division of American Tanks
B) Cuban regular Units that fought a long side the Americans
C) African American units that fought in Cuba

3. An exaggerated form of journalism named after a
popular cartoon character the yellow kid.
A) Yellow Journalism B) Hurst Yellowism
C) Journal Exaggerates D) Yellow truth stretching

Classroom Quiz #20
4. Most U.S. casualties during the Spanish-American
War were caused
A) disease.
B) wounds.
C) combat.
D) starvation.

5. This battleship explodes in Havana harbor Cuba.
A) USS Missouri
B) USS Arizona
C) USS Maine
D) USS Cuba

Quick Write
Who is represented in the comic:
What is on the menu:
What is the meaning of the
cartoon :

Ch5 Sec3 Notes#21
Insurrection - Emilio Aguinaldo who led the revolt
against Spain in Philippines also became unhappy
with U.S. and started the rebellion again.
The Boxer Rebellion - a secret society of
nationalistic Chinese who rose up during in China
against Foreigns?
William Howard Taft Future President of the
U.S. became the governor of the Philippines. He
arrested rebels and censored the press, and ordered
the construction of Schools, roads, and bridges.
Sphere of Influence - China became politically
and economically weak and European nations began
to seize control of parts of China to set areas for
their personally trade and influence.

Open Door Policy America does not take a part of
China, instead it calls for all of China to be left open for
free trade with all nations. Europe agrees to the opening
of China to all trade.
Russo-Japanese War U.S. President Roosevelt help
settle the end of the war and got both sides to sign a
peace treaty
Asian Segregation Roosevelt in a Gentlemens
Agreement got the San Francisco school Board to end
segregation of Asian students if Japan agreed to limit
immigration to U.S.
Great White Fleet - A new force of Navy Ships that
Roosevelt sent on a good will world trip to show the new
military power of the U.S.
President Theodore Roosevelt - received the Nobel
Peace Prize for negotiating the end of the Russo-
Japanese War.

Classroom Quiz #21
1. President Theodore Roosevelt received the Nobel Peace Prize
for
A) helping free Cuba from Spanish rule. B) building the Panama Canal.
C) negotiating the end of the Russo-Japanese War.
2. What strategy did President Roosevelt use to protect U.S.
interests in Asia?
A ) Got support for a new force of naval ships.
C) He ended America's Open Door Policy.
D) supported the Boxer Rebellion.
3. Who were the Boxers who rose up during the Boxer Rebellion in China?
A) foreigners in China
B) Chinese secret police
C) a secret society of nationalistic Chinese
4. The U.S. Open Door Policy supported the idea that
A) free trade should be allowed throughout China.
B) countries needed colonies in China in order to trade there.
C) the Chinese should be in charge of setting terms for trade in China.
5. President Roosevelt's "Gentlemen's Agreement" with Japan
involved.
A) school segregation in the United States.
B) price wars.
C) territorial disputes

Quick Write
What is represented in the
comic:
What is the meaning of the
cartoon :
Ch5 Sec4 Notes# 22
The Roosevelt Corollary - justified U.S. intervention in Latin
American countries, and was designed to prevent Europe from
intervening in Latin America for repayment of debts.
Big Stick Diplomacy Roosevelts policy which relied on
the power of the military. Speak softly but carry a big Stick;
you will go far.
Platt Amendment Added to the Cuban constitution, it
prevented Cuba from signing any treaty with another country
without the approval of the United States
The Foraker Act - Established a Civil government for Puerto
Rico. The U.S. President appointed a governor and half the
legislature, but it was unclear and left unresolved the rights of
Puerto Rican citizens.
Panama Canal A canal that allowed ships to travel from the
Pacific to Atlantic

Ch5 Sec4 Notes# 22
Building the Canal America supported Panamas Rebellion
against Colombia. In return Panama granted land rights to
America to build the Canal.
Dollar Diplomacy A policy to increase American
investments in business and banks throughout Central America
and the Caribbean to insure American influence over the
countries of Latin America
Moral Diplomacy President Woodrow Wilsons vision for
America that we would never again seek one additional foot of
territory by conquest and would promote human rights ,
National integrity, and opportunity.
Poncho Villa was a Mexican Rebel. On March 9, 1916
Poncho Villas gang crossed the boarder attackeding Columbus
New Mexico killing 18 Americans. President Wilson Send troops
into Mexico to capture him, but recalled them due to War in
Europe?

Classroom Quiz #21
1) The Roosevelt Corollary
A). triggered construction of the Panama Canal.
B) justified U.S. intervention in Latin American countries.
C) became very popular in Latin America.
2. Why did political cartoons often show Theodore Roosevelt
holding a big stick?
A) He won the Nobel Peace Prize.
B) He built the Panama Canal.
C) His new policy towards Latin America.
3. "Dollar diplomacy" focused on
A) substituting military influence for economic influence.
B) relyed on the U.S. military.
C) basing trading rights on military capabilities..
4. The Foraker Act
A) gave Puerto Ricans the same rights as U.S. citizens.
B) left unresolved the rights of Puerto Rican citizens.
C) Made Puerto Ricans a state.
5. Who was the U.S. President most closely associated with
"moral diplomacy"?
A) William Howard Taft B) Woodrow Wilson C) Theodore Roosevelt

Quick Write #
World War 1 Ch6 Sec1 Notes#
(1914-1920)
Rivalries - over colonies and trade intensified during an age
of frenzied Nationalism and imperialistic expansion.
World War I - was a military conflict that lasted from 1914 to
1918 and involved most of the world's great powers.
Allies Powers - (centered around the Triple Entente)The
nations of England, France, and Russia. later America would
enter the war against Germany
Central Powers - Germany, Austria, Hungry, and the
Ottoman Empire
War in Europe War began in Europe with the assassination
of Ferdinand, heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary
Trench warfare Deep trenches and tunnels on the front line
where soldiers lived and fought. The area in between the two
sides trenches was known as no mans land
Isolationism - The United States originally pursued a policy
of avoiding conflict while trying to work out a peace.
(1914-1920)
The invasion of Belgium When Germany invaded Belgium
it turned American opinion against Germany because Belgium
was a neutral nation, as was the United States.
German U-boats attacked merchant ships bound for
England. The United States launched a protest, and Germany
modified its rules of engagement. After the notorious sinking
of the passenger ship RMS Lusitania in 1915, Germany
promised not to target passenger liners
The Sussex Pledge - was Germany's promise not to attack
passenger ships.
unrestricted submarine warfare - realizing the Americans
would eventually enter the war. Germany went back on their
promise and began targeting all ships again.
Zimmermann Telegram English intelligence intercepted a
letter from Germany to the Mexican government that
requested Mexico to join the war by attacking the US as
Germany's ally.

Class Quiz #
1. The Lusitania was sunk by which country's navy?
A) France B) Germany C) Great Britain D) the United States

2. "U-boat" is another name for a(n)
A) ship. B) tank. C) airplane D) submarine.

3. The invasion of Belgium turned American opinion against
Germany because
A) many Americans were immigrants from Belgium.
B) Americans depended on products imported from Belgium.
C) Belgium was an important U.S. ally.
D) Belgium was a neutral nation.

4. What nation informed American authorities about the
Zimmermann note?
A) Germany B) Great Britain C) Mexico D) Russia

5. The area in between the two sides trenches was known as
A) no mans land B) Tench-land C) Occupied Territory

(1914-1920)
Selective service act - congress passed in May
1917 authorizing a draft of young men for military
service in Europe.
W.I.B - (war of industries board) in the United
States, one effect of world war 1 was many
industries and activities were regulated as a result
of war. The WIB was headed by an influential Wall
Street investment broker names Bernard Baruch
C.P.O -(Committee on public opinion) or the creel
committee because it was run by a man named
George Creen. The committee used every medium
available to create enthusiasm for war effort and
enlist public support against foreign war aims. It
primarily used the propaganda techniques to
accomplish the goals.

(1914-1920)
Conscientious objectors - Men could be excused
from military service because of their conscientious
objections to killing and war. They were excused
due to religious or moral beliefs
Great Migration a great movement of African
Americans from the south to the Industrial north.
During the Great migration, the term Land of the
Hope referred to the new opportunity.
NAWSA -(National American Women Suffrage
Association) the largest and most important
suffrage organization in the United States, and was
the primary promoter of womens right to vote like
AWSA and NWSA before it, the NAWSA pushed for a
constitutional amendment

Class Quiz #
1. During the Great Migration, the term "Land of Hope"
referred to
A)Texas. B) California. C) the North. D) the South.
2. Conscientious objectors could be excused from military
service because of their
A) family commitments. B) political ideas.
C) religious beliefs. D) educational status.
3. The military draft was authorized by the
A) Selective Service Act B) political ideas.
C)The President. D)League of Nations
4. This committee used every medium available to create
enthusiasm for war effort
A)CPO. B)WIB. C) Military. D) NAWSA.
5. This organizations primary goal was to promote
womens right to vote
A)CPO. B)WIB. C) Military. D) NAWSA.
Quick Write #
(1914-1920)
The American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) - the United
States Armed Forces sent to Europe in World War I. During the
United States campaigns in World War I the AEF fought in
France alongside French and British allied forces in the last
year of the war, against Imperial German forces
John J. Pershing - he was the commander of American forces
in Europe During World War I,
Convoys - During World War I, The Allies primarily used
convoys to protect ships.
Vladimir Lenin - was a Russian communist revolutionary,
politician and political theorist. He served as the leader of the
Russia from 1917-1922,
Russian Revolution - The Bolshevik party, led by Vladimir
Lenin, and the workers' Soviets, overthrew the Provisional
Government in Petrograd. To end Russias participation in the
First World War, the Bolshevik leaders signed the Treaty of
Brest-Litovsk with Germany in March 1918

(1914-1920)
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk - ended Germany's war with
Russia and allowed it to send troops from the Eastern Front to
the Western Front. Germany benefited directly from the Treaty
of Brest-Litovsk
The Treaty of Versailles - was the name of the agreement
that ended World War I? The Treaty of Versailles ended the
war.
Germany was assigned the aggressor under the Treaty of
Versailles and was considered the nation that had started the
war. Germany was forced to pay reparations after World War I
to England and France as result
American economic growth - was one effect of America's
entry into World War I The American economy grew as a result
of America's providing food and equipment for Allied troops.

Class Quiz #
1. During World War I, which of these did the Allies most often
use to protect their ships from attack?
A) Radar B) convoys C) airplanes D)submarines

2. Which nation benefited directly from the Treaty of Brest-
Litovsk?
A) France B) Germany C) Great Britain D) the United States

3. What was the name of the agreement that ended WWI?
A) the Fourteen Points B) the League of Nations
C) the Treaty of Versailles D) the Paris Peace Conference

4.Which of these was an effect of America's entry into WWI?
A) American economic growth
B) American population decline
C) German attacks on passenger ships
D) German invasion of Belgium

5. During World War I, the commander of American forces in
Europe was
A) Alvin York B) Bernard Baruch C) Henry Lodge D) John Pershing

Quick Write #
(1914-1920)
The Fourteen Points - The speech made by Wilson on
January 8, 1918 laid out a policy (free trade, open
agreements, democracy and self-determination). The Fourteen
Points speech was the only explicit statement of war aims by
any of the nations fighting in World War I.

Woodrow Wilsons 14 Points:
1) Reliance on open diplomacy rather than secret agreements
2) Freedom of the seas
3) Free trade
4) Reduce the military forces and/or weapons
5) Readjust the colonies fairly
6) The allowance for Russia to self-determine its own
government
7) Respect for Belgium's Integrity
8) Restoration of French Territory
9) Italy receives territory based upon ethnicity

(1914-1920)
10) Austria-Hungary receives fair development opportunities
11) Independence for the Balkan states
12) Self-determination for the peoples of the Ottoman Empire
and free passage through the Dardanelles
13) Independence for Poland
14) The formation of a League of Nations to guarantee
independence for all countries, large and small

Mandates - At the end of World War I, Nations like Iraq
became a British territory. Nations in the middle East did not
receive independence and sovereignty.
The League of Nations - an organization founded as a result
of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War.
It was the first international organization whose principal
mission was to maintain world peace
A big Weakness - the power of the League of Nations was
limited by the United States' refusal to join
Why did the United States
reject the Treaty of Versailles
and not join the league the
Nations?
(1914-1920)
Red Scare - referred to a widespread fear of communism.
The first Red Scare began following the Bolshevik Russian
Revolution of 1917 and the intensely patriotic years of World
War I as anarchist and left-wing social agitation aggravated
national, social, and political tensions.
Steel Strikes 1919 - Steel strikers shut down half the steel
industry. striking workers most often wanted higher pay and
shorter workdays and higher wages
The Boston police Strike - Boston police went out on strike
on September 9, 1919. During the strike, Boston experienced
two nights of lawlessness
Coal Strikes - announced a strike for November 1, 1919.
They had agreed to a wage agreement to run until the end of
World War I and now sought to capture some of their
industry's wartime gains.
The Lever Act - a wartime measure that made it a crime to
interfere with the production or transportation of necessities.
The law, meant to punish hoarding and profiteering, had never
been used against a union

(1914-1920)
Palmer Raids - were attempts by the United States
Department of Justice to arrest and deport radical leftists,
especially anarchists, from the United States.
Race Riots of 1919 - mostly urban areas or industrial
centers, saw racial violence in the summer and early fall of
1919. Unlike earlier race riots in U.S. history, the 1919 riots
were among the first in which blacks responded with
resistance to the white attacks. Martial law was imposed in
Charleston, South Carolina, where men of the U.S. Navy led a
race riot on May 10.
Normalcy - The word "normalcy" was coined by Warren G.
Harding during his presidential campaign.
The American Civil Liberties Union - The ACLU was formed to
protect the freedoms that some thought were threatened by
the Palmer Raids.
Creditor Nation - the United States became a creditor nation
after World War I, The other countries owed the United States
money after World War I.

(1914-1920)
Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti - were Italian-born
anarchists who were convicted of murdering two men during
the armed robbery. both defendants had to recount their
anarchist beliefs in court, leading to suspicions that this may
have prejudiced the jury.
The 1918 flu pandemic - was an unusually deadly influenza
pandemic, To maintain morale, wartime censors minimized
early reports of illness deaths. Papers were free to report the
epidemic's effects in neutral Spain thus the pandemic's
nickname Spanish flu.
Class Quiz #

The Twenties Ch7 Sec1 Notes#
(1919-1929)

(1919-1929)

Class Quiz #

(1919-1929)

(1919-1929)

Class Quiz #

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