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Shri R. P. Tewari
International Polytechnic for
Women, New Delhi
Steps Involved During Weaving Operation
Selection of yarn for warp and weft purposes
Sizing
Winding
-Creeling
-Hecking
Selection of Yarn for Warp and Weft Purposes
Warp
Bobbin
(Spool)
Swift
Cross-wound end of filled bobbin
Pirn Winding (For Weft)
Proper selection of pirn.
Pirns should be clean and empty.
The metallic portion of the pirn (head & nose)
should be rust free.
Knotting of the thread to the pirn should be
avoided.
Pirns should be uniformly and tightly filled up.
The broken ends should be joined by piecing.
Knotting should be avoided.
Over filling of pirn should be avoided.
Last weft end of the pirn should be crossed around
the filled pirn (Fig)
Shape of the filled pirn
Sectional drum warping
Preparatory processes
a) Creeling
-The end of the thread from each bobbin should
be released from the top.
-In order to prevent the entanglement of the
broken ends of the thread tie a strong cord in tight
condition on the center of each section vertically.
-Use of over filled warp bobbin should be
avoided.
-All the filled bobbins should be of equal weight
and size.
b) Hecking
-The threads of the creel should be divided in odd and
even series (all the odd numbered threads should be
drawn in to the eye of the heck heald and all the even
numbered threads should be drawn in to the dent of
the heck).
Steps involved
Shedding;
Picking;
Beating-up;
Take-up motion.
Shedding
Appropriate shedding device should be selected.
-Connecting cords for the shed formation should be even and
strong.
-The cords should not be directly linked with the heald shafts. In
lieu of this the use of loop cord is suggested through which the
connecting cord should pass and should be tied by slip knot to
either side of the heald shaft.
-Connecting cord from the central bottom of the heald shaft to
the paddle should also be tied by slip knot to the loop cord.
-Before weaving it is important to check the formation of
uniform shed.
Instead of using two heald shafts use four heald shafts.
The defective shed formation may be due to:
Incorrect selection of heald wires such as length and gauge;
Imbalance connection\on of connecting cords;
Wrong drafting of the warp threads;
Damaged healds;
Broken ends of warp;
Use of undesirable high count of reed;
Uneven tension of the warp threads;
Improper fitting of back rest;
Improper fitting of the reed in to the grooves of the sley;
Imbalance level of the shuttle rest board;
Undesirable distance of lease rods;
Uneven pressure through the paddle; and
Improper selection of the shuttle
PICKING
•Picking should be uniform.
•Too early and too late picking should be avoided.
•All connections of the picking cord should be well balanced
•The picking cord should be even and strong
•The picking handle should be comfortable.
•Direct connection of picking cord to the picker should be
avoided. In lieu of this the use of loop cord with picker is
suggested.
•For proper picking the loom width should be according to the
width of the fabric to be woven.
•The length of the reed should be equal to the distance between
sley arms and the reed should be fitted parallel to the sley arms.
•For even picking proper selection of shuttle is necessary.
•The weft thread pirn should not be too tight or too loose.
• The pirn dimensions (length and circumference) should be