BOLT TORQUE

ASTM A325 & ASTM A490

HIGH STRENGTH BOLT
TAP CHECK
DERRICK CONSTRUCTION
BEFORE WE GO FURTHER TO UNDERSTAND
WHAT IS BOLT TORQUE AND BOLT CHECK,

LETS FIND OUT, WHAT IS BOLT ASTM A325 &
ASTM A490 AND DERRICK CONSTRUCTION?

BOLT ASTM A325
ASTM (AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS)
ASTM A325 IS STANDARD FOR HEAVY HEX
STRUCTURAL BOLT WHICH HAVE 830 Mpa
MINIMUM TENSILE STRENGHT AND HAVE RANGE
FROM M12 ~ M36

ASTM A325 IS
SIMILAR TO BOLT
GRADE 8.8

BOLT ASTM A325
IMPERIAL SYSTEM
ASTM A325
MINIMUM TENSILE STRENGTH = 120/105 KSI
SIZE RANGE = 1/2 1-1/2

METRIC SYSTEM
ASTM A325
MINIMUM TENSILE STRENGTH = 830 Mpa
SIZE RANGE = M12 M36
IMPERIAL SYSTEM = BRITISH
METRIC SYSTEM = AMERICA
BOLT ASTM A490
ASTM (AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS)
ASTM A490 IS A STANDARD FOR HEAVY HEX
STRUCTURAL BOLT MADE FROM ALLOY WHICH
HAVE 1040 MPA MIN. YIELD STRENGTH AND HAVE
RANGE FROM M12 ~ M36

ASTM A490 IS
SIMILAR TO BOLT
GRADE 10.9

BOLT ASTM A490
IMPERIAL SYSTEM
ASTM A490
MINIMUM TENSILE STRENGTH = 150 173 KSI
SIZE RANGE = 1/2 1-1/2

METRIC SYSTEM
ASTM A490
MINIMUM TENSILE STRENGTH = 1040 Mpa
SIZE RANGE = M12 M36
IMPERIAL SYSTEM = BRITISH
METRIC SYSTEM = AMERICA
DERRICK STRUCTURE
What is derrick structure?
A TALL FRAMEWORK ERECTED OVER AN OIL WELL
AND USED TO SUPPORT HOISTING EQUIPMENT
(FOR RAISING & LOWERING)
BASIC CONCEPT BOLTED
STRUCTURE
STRESS AREA =
SHARE LOADS
The structure will have slightly movement on its load path and then
the bolts will act as stabilizer and to hold the structure.

BASIC CONCEPT BOLTED
STRUCTURE
Reference API RP 4G.
Each part of a bolted structure is designed to carry its share of the load.
Parts omitted or improperly placed may
contribute to the failure of the structure (5.3.1)

During erection of bolted structures, bolts should be left loose enough, in
way of erection, to allow proper fit of adjacent mast/derrick members
without distortion and locked in stress (5.3.1)

Reference AISC 13
The snug-tightened condition is the tightness that is attained
with a few impacts of an impact wrench or the full effort of an ironworker
using an ordinary spud wrench to bring the connected plies into firm
contact (8.1)

CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
1. DERRICK IS A TALL ERECTED STRUCTURE TO CARRY STATIC LOADS
2. BOLTS ON DERRICK HELP TO MINIMIZE PREMATURE FAILURE
(FRACTURE / CRACKS) ON STRUCTURE DUE TO SHARE LOADS
(MULTIPLE AXIS FORCE)
3. TENSILE STRENGHT ON BOLTS WILL HELP THE BOLTS TO SUSTAIN
THE GIVEN SHARE LOADS
4. THE PRE-TENSION BOLTS SHOULD BE LEFT LOOSE ENOUGH TO
ALLOW FIT ADJACEMENT WITHOUT DISTORTION AND LOCKED IN
STRESS
5. BOLT GRIP STRENGHT SHOULD FREQUENTLY CHECK OR TORQUE
AS PER MANUFACTURE OR SPEC RECOMMENDATION


Definition:
To return the bolt to their
original value based on its
yield strength by using
calibrated wrench
Definition:
To check the in-service bolt
by using ordinary spud-
wrench and impacts to
desired minimum tension
Torque value
known
Torque value
unknown
BOLT TORQUE TAP CHECK
AISC
(American Institute of Steel
Construction)
RCSC
(Research Council on Structural
Connection)
ASSEMBLY CONTRACT
DOCUMENT
B. SNUG TIGHTENED JOINT
(Prior to the start of work)
A. PRETENSIONED JOINTS
(Prior to the start of work)
Turn-of-nut
method
(AISC section
9.2.1)
Calibrated
wrench method
(AISC section
9.2.2)
Twist-of-type
method
(AISC section
9.2.3)
Direct-tension-
indicator
(AISC section
9.2.4)
Manufacturer /
Engineer approval
(AISC section 2.6.2)
THE BOLTS SHOULD NOT BE
INSPECTED TO DETERMINE THE
ACTUAL INSTALLED PRETENSION
(AISC 9.1)

Recommendation reference:
At completion of erection, all bolts should be checked for
proper torque. Periodically, all bolts should be checked for
proper torque
(AP RP 4G, section 5.3.1)

Bolt tensioning shall be achieved using calibrated
tensioning methods. Bolts that are specified to be pre-
tensioned to a higher value than 50 % of the bolt material
minimum ultimate strength shall only be used once
(AP RP 4G, section 5.3.1)

The use of the turn-of-nut method is always acceptable for
use on bolts which are not to be reused. Reuse of bolts is
acceptable if so specified in the manufacturers instructions
or by a professional engineer
(AP RP 4G, section 5.3.1)

Check 10% of the bolts at the connections on torque by a
calibrated torque wrench. If some bolts are not on the
correct pre-stress, then check the complete connection. Put
the bolts again to the correct pre-stress by a calibrated
torque wrench
(NOV Derrick manual No: T7801-Z-MA-001 section 6.3.3)


BOLT TORQUE TAP CHECK
Recommendation reference:
For joints that are designated in the contract documents
as snug-tightened joints, the bolts shall be installed in
accordance with Section 8.1 (Snug-Tightened Joints). For
joints that are designated in the contract documents as
pre-tensioned or slip-critical, the bolts shall be installed in
accordance with Section 8.2 (Turn-of-nut method,
Calibrated wrench method, Twist-of-type method, Direct-
tension-indicator)
(RCSC section 8)




ASSEMBLY CONTRACT DOCUMENT
B. SNUG TIGHTENED JOINT
(Prior to the start of work)
A. PRETENSIONED JOINTS
(Prior to the start of work)
Turn-of-nut
method
(AISC section 9.2.1)
Calibrated wrench
method
(AISC section 9.2.2)
Twist-of-type
method
(AISC section 9.2.3)
Direct-tension-
indicator
(AISC section 9.2.4)
Manufacturer /
Engineer approval
(AISC section 2.6.2)
THE BOLTS SHOULD NOT BE INSPECTED TO
DETERMINE THE ACTUAL INSTALLED
PRETENSION
(AISC 9.1)

BOLT TORQUE TAP CHECK
To return the bolt grip value by using calibrated torque
wrench by applying a calculated average torque value to
fasteners.

Torque value refer to manufacture recommendation

Manufacture recommendation NO derrick
Size
Hot Dip Galvanized Phosphate
M20 8.8 412 Nm 10.
9
465 Nm
M22 8.8 554 Nm 10.
9
626 Nm
M24 8.8 712 Nm 10.
9
804 Nm
M27 8.8 1028 Nm 10.
9
1161 Nm
M30 8.8 1402 Nm 10.
9
1582 Nm
REMEMBER!!
ASTM A325 IS SIMILAR TO BOLT GRADE 8.8
ASTM A490 IS SIMILAR TO BOLT GRADE 10.9


Turn-of-nut is performed by rotating the nut or bolt of a
fastener assembly a specific turn angle based on the
fastener's length, and diameter while restraining the
unturned element from rotating
Table 1 for turn-of-nut pre-tensioning
Bolt length Bolt face normal to bolt axis Tolerance
< 4d 1/3 turn 30 Deg
< 4d > 8d 1/2 turn 30 Deg
< 8d > 12d 2/3 turn 40 Deg
BOLT TORQUE TAP CHECK
Match mark:
Match-marking is a drawn line from nut to the extend bolt thread of base metal and
this is to improve the ability to inspect bolts that have been pre-tensioned with the
calibrated torque wrench method
Match-mark








Before torque After torque
BOLT TAP CHECK
Step 1.
Fit the flogger to size nut
Step 2.
Apply few impact on flogger
until visually the nuts firm
(tight) to the surface
Step 2.
Spray and draw a match-mark on
bolt and nut for next survey
BOLT TORQUE
BOLT TORQUE
Step 1.
Check the torque value from derrick drawing & set
the torque value on wrench

Step 2.
Torqueing bolt on derrick. Follow step and manual of
torque wrench

Step 3.
Spray and draw a match-mark on bolt and nut for
next survey

THANK YOU
REFERENCE
- American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) 13
th
edition
- Research Council on Structural Connections (RCSC)
- API RP 4G Operation, Inspection, Maintenance, and Repair of
Drilling and Well Servicing Structures
- Derrick NOV manufacturer manual


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QAQC Department
qaqc@docean.com.sg 2014