‫ا‬

AL-JALEYS
Part II (Revised Edition 2008)
A Textbook for Learning Arabic Language & Culture
Mohammed Jiyad

1
To Harry Barnes, Jr. who believes that

A different language

is a different

vision of life.

‫ب‬
ُ ِ‫و ُ َ
ٍ  ان ِ آ‬ ٍ !"# ‫ج‬
ُ # 
‫أ  ن ٍ  ا‬

Please e-mail your comments to : mjiyad@mtholyoke.edu

CONTENTS

2
Introduction 2

Unit 1, In a Restaurant 6

Unit 2, A Telephone Call 27

Unit 3, Renting an Apartment 48

Unit 4, Chatting with a Jordanian Friend 68

Unit 5, Shopping in Damascus 91

Unit 6, Readings from the Arabic Press 115

Unit 7, Talking about One's Hobbies 141

Unit 8, Memories from Baghdad 165

Unit 9, The Colored Picture 189

Unit 10, The Marvel Detergent 215

3
 Introduction

For decades teachers have been combining language and content through techniques such as
storytelling, games, role plays, and, more recently, integration of subject area. The introduction of
teaching language in order to achieve proficiency based outcomes has underscored the importance of
meaning and context in comprehension and production. The guidelines developed by ACTFL and the
Educational Testing Service (ETS) define what language users are able to do with the language at
various stages. In the last ten years, many professionals grasped the idea of using the proficiency
definition of what it means to know a language for purposes of organizing instruction. The proficiency
model defines language ability in terms of three criteria:

(1) functions: linguistic tasks performed such as asking for information, narrating past activities, or
expressing opinions.

(2) contexts/contents: the settings in which one uses language, e.g., informal settings,
transactional situations, formal settings, together with the topic or themes of conversation, such
as topics related to self and to immediate environment (family, shopping, transportation,
restaurant, etc., concrete topics of personal and general interest, and abstract topics.

(3) accuracy: the precision of the message in terms of fluency, grammar, vocabulary, pragmatic
competence, pronunciation, sociolinguistic competence (Buck, Byrnes, and Thompson 1989).
Meaning and contextualized practice form the foundation for an approach that seeks to develop
proficiency.

The recent focus on more meaningful, contextualized teaching has prompted some changes in the
traditional bottom-up mechanical /communicative format of textbook exercises. In his review of textbook
exercise formats, Waltz (1989) found that current textbooks are “contextualizing” mechanical or skill-
getting exercises in a wide variety of ways such as by:

(1) connecting exercise sentences with the same situation or theme;

(2) providing a context for the exercise in the form of information concerning people, activities or
description; and
(3) combining cultural aspects with language practice within the exercise.

Recent studies in foreign language teaching have pointed to the possible benefit of a “top-down” or
“whole language” approach to language instruction, through which students manipulate language to
communicate thoughts by using higher level skills before attending to discrete language structures with
the use of lower level skills. By means of activities such as negotiation of meaning and joint problem
solving with the teacher and classmates, students participate in amore complex task than the students
are capable of producing by themselves (Adir-Hauck 1992). Therefore, meaning and context take the
front seat in this performance before competence approach, which reflects how first-language learners
acquire language. Anderson (1984) proposes four criteria for judging a whole language approach to
language teaching. Language learning should:

(1) include meaningful, natural language

(2) include whole language, not language fragments
(3) be functional, and
(4) be learned in a meaningful context.

Basically, the above principles have been utilized in the development of "Al-Jaleys" textbook. In addition,
a culture-based textbook and its syllabus identify a possible sequence of contexts of communication,
grammatical structures, and cultural topics that could be integrated. The culture topics in Al-Jaleys appear
in three categories:

4
 (1) those dealing with surface features of the Arabic culture with primary emphasis on behavior;

(2) those pertaining to daily life in the target culture-habits, patterns of living, etc.;

(3) those dealing with a more conceptual level, with attention to political, social, economical,
culture institutions and pattern, and with the challenges currently facing Arabs. The convergence of these
factors serves as a process through which students are able to acquire a set of behavior, body of
knowledge, a set of skills, and a cultural proficiency that facilitate learning about the Arabic culture and
their own cultures as well.

Finally, Al-Jaleys recommends an interactive teacher/student relationship that can be categorized as

"cognitive instruction." Through this approach, students process information in meaningful ways, take
responsibility for their own learning and become independent learners. As students and teacher work
together to understand and explore new contexts through "scaffolding" process, the teacher shows
learners how to use various strategies to solve language and culture tasks. In exploring longer segments,
students are guided through by means of various steps, ranging from identifying main ideas to express
opinions and writing compositions.

M. M. Jiyad
January 1997
Revised in 2008

5
Unit # 1 (1) ()‫
ة ر‬,-‫أ‬
Wahid has been studying Arabic in Yemen for a year. He invited two of his friends
for lunch in a newly opened restaurant in San’a. One of those two friends was a
pain in the neck!

.َََ ْ‫ ٌ وُ

 ُ أن‬ ُ ْ :(‫و ) 
ن‬
.
ً ْ$َ ‫ و‬ ً ْ‫ أه‬:‫ا 
ن‬
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()ََ& ْ'َ‫ ه‬:%
.‫' َ ٍم‬
 ُ( ./‫ن ه‬َ (9 ‫ن‬ َ ‫
و‬:( ٌ‫س‬. !‫ ُذ‬. ‫ أ‬. ٌ5 6 :‫ا 
ن‬
...... 'ِ (,‫َْ ا‬A B َ َ%َC 0ُ ?َ ‫؟‬+/َ>َ 5 َ ( :%
!% . .‫َأ‬F :‫ل‬.2E
.‫م‬K .A ' ٍ ْ?َGِF Hِ َ%Iَ2 ‫ ِر وا‬.%ْ ,‫ وا‬:%
.‫ ِء‬.P,‫ ا‬Qِ )َ‫َْ ه‬A ‫ن‬ َ  9>َ  ِ ِL.FM ‫' ا‬
N ُ( :‫ا 
ن‬
!B
َ ِْU- ِْC ،ِ‫ك‬.4NG ‫ِْ ا‬C ًَ4
T ً ‫ ِو‬.R ./ِIA‫ إ‬:‫و‬
6
 ‫ا 
ن‪UXَ& :‬ا هُ‪!./‬‬
‫ك ‪.R‬و ٌ أ‪
Y‬؟‬ ‫ ‪ :%‬هَ'ْ ‪َ َ /ِA‬‬
‫ك‪.‬‬
‫ا 
ن‪ْ/ِA :‬ي‪ ،‬و ?‪%َF .$/‬ةٌ ‪ َْA‬ا ‪ِ .4NG‬‬
‫‪.2E‬ل‪ ،ْ\]َR ،ْ\]َR :‬ه) ِ‪.R Q‬و ٌ ‪.2ُC‬زةٌ‪.‬‬
‫`‪.‬‬
‫ ‪َ .2ُC :%‬زةٌ! ه ِ) ِ‪ Q‬ا ‪.I‬و َُ ‪ _A‬ا ‪ِ 
I‬‬
‫'!‬
‫‪.2E‬ل‪ :‬إهأْ ‪َ .‬ر‪ُ ُE‬‬
‫`‪.‬‬
‫‪ _A c‬ا ‪ِ 
I‬‬ ‫\ أنْ أ‪َ ُْE‬‬ ‫ ‪
َaِF :%‬اٍَ‪ b ،‬أِ ‪N‬‬
‫‪ B‬ا َمَ؟‬‫‪.2E‬ل‪.C :‬ذا ‪َ ِF‬‬
‫ي ‪.dٍ .C‬‬
‫‪/ِA c‬ي أ ‪N‬‬ ‫ا 
ن‪ . :‬أ ‪.‬ذ ُ‪UXَ& ،‬ا إ‪.ْY‬روا أ َ‪ِ .R‬و ٍَ‪َ  .‬‬
‫‪ c‬هُ‪../‬‬ ‫و‪UXَ& :‬ا ‪ .َُA.2َE .‬دَ‪ُ ِَ .A‬‬
‫‪!B‬‬‫ت ‪َ َ2L.ِ T‬ا ‪ِ .%I‬م ‪َ ِْUَ- ِْC‬‬ ‫‪.2E‬ل‪g%َC :‬لٌ‪ ،‬ه‪ِ .‬‬
‫ا 
ن‪UXَ& :‬ا هَ ِ) ِ‪ َُ2L.T Q‬ا ‪ِ .%I‬م‪.‬‬
‫‪ h‬أنْ &ُ‪ً .C ./
َ ِU‬ء ‪.F‬رِدًا!‬ ‫ ‪ :%‬أ&َ>ْ‪ُ َ2‬‬
‫‪!B‬‬‫‪ i‬وا ِ َ َ‬ ‫‪.2E‬ل‪.C ،ْHَ%َ :‬ءٌ ‪ِ .F‬ردٌ‪َ ،‬رِ َ‪ H‬ا ُ‬
‫ك )ُ‪
ُ ِU‬ا ‪َ .2‬ء(‪ . ْ'UXَ& .‬أ ‪ُ .‬ذ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 0‬أ‪َ
ْC‬‬ ‫ا 
ن‪َ َ& :‬‬
‫ ا َ ِم‪.‬‬‫\ ‪َ َْj‬‬ ‫\ أنْ أ‪َ ُْR‬‬ ‫‪.2E‬ل‪ :‬را‪ ،ٌdِL‬أ‪ .‬أِ ‪N‬‬
‫‪.+‬‬‫ ا  ِم دَ‪.E‬جٌ ‪l GَْC‬‬ ‫ا 
ن‪ُ َْj :‬‬
‫‪.2E‬ل‪ :‬وا >َ‪َُI‬؟‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫‪ c‬و‪ Hُ ِR.2َR‬أو ‪.ِY‬رٌ ‪ِ َ4 .F‬‬ ‫ا 
ن‪l َY :‬‬
‫ع ‪َ
َY6‬؟‬ ‫‪.2E‬ل‪ٍ َ ِْC ٌَIََ Hُ(َ /ِA :‬‬
‫ن‪.‬‬‫' وزَ ٍ‬ ‫ا 
ن‪ .َ/ِA :‬أ‪ Hَ ِR.2َR َُIََ .ًU‬و‪ٍ َaَF‬‬
‫‪.‬‬‫ت ‪َ +‬د‪ .ًGَْC .ًE.E‬و ََ‪ٍ .ِY ََI‬ر ‪ِ َ4 .ِF‬‬ ‫‪.2E‬ل‪ :‬ه‪ِ .‬‬
‫\ أنْ &َ‪
َ ْG‬بَ؟‬ ‫ا 
ن‪.C :‬ذا &ُِ ‪N‬‬
‫ل‪.‬‬ ‫ت ‪ٍ .gُ&ْ
ُF
َ aَA +‬‬ ‫‪.2َE‬ل‪ :‬ه‪ِ .‬‬
‫\ أنْ &‪َ'ُ(9‬؟‬ ‫‪ . 0‬أ ‪ُ .‬ذ‪.C ،‬ذا &ُِ ‪N‬‬ ‫ا 
ن‪ .ْ
ِ1. :‬وأ َ‬
‫' ‪ٍ
 َC
ِ ِY6‬ة‪.‬‬ ‫\ ‪َ :ِC ،K+GَْC‬‬ ‫ق ‪ٍ َ/ِA‬‬ ‫\ ( ًَ ‪ ًGَC‬و َو َر َ‬ ‫ ‪ :%‬أِ ‪N‬‬
‫‪.2E‬ل‪ Qُ 
ُ& :‬أنْ ََ)( َ
‪ٍ
 َC
َ ِY6‬ة!‬
‫‪7‬‬
 ‫‪!B‬‬‫‪َ ْ/َA _1َ
 i‬‬ ‫و‪ :‬إ ?ُ‪.2َE . ْ0‬ل‪ ،‬ا ُ‬
‫'‬
‫` ‪َ :ِC %‬‬ ‫غ‪ُ ِَْpَ .ً %َC ./َE
َ َY .2َُ( .‬‬ ‫‪ ِْC 0‬ه)ا ا ?َ ِم ا ‪.X‬ر ِ‬ ‫‪.2E‬ل‪ :‬أ ‪ ،ُ gg‬أ‪ُ 4ِ%َ& .‬‬
‫‪ q‬وا ‪َ2‬ا‪ dِ 1‬ا >‪.َِXp‬‬ ‫ه) ِ‪ Q‬ا ‪ِ َaَg‬‬
‫‪ c‬إ‪ ./‬إ‪َ Y‬ةٌ!‬
‫و‪.2E . ،َBِ$َC _A ،َBِ$َC _A :‬ل! ‪َ ْ/َ& b‬‬
‫‪ i‬وِ‪Hَ ْ%‬‬
‫‪+‬ا ُ‬ ‫‪.2E‬ل‪ :‬ا‪ Y,‬ةُ‪ +/َA _A ،‬و‪ _A‬را ‪ ،+‬و ?ْ ِ‪ُ
ِ 4a‬ودٌ! َ>‪َ 4‬‬
‫'!‬
‫ا ( ُ‬
‫‪ c‬أ‪..ًU‬‬ ‫ت ‪َ ِR.IَF +‬‬ ‫ ‪ :%‬ه‪ِ .‬‬
‫\ ا ‪ ًgَC ،َcِR.Iَ4‬أو ‪ًGَC‬؟‬ ‫‪N ُِ& 5‬‬ ‫ا 
ن‪َ َ( :‬‬
‫ ‪ ،ًgَC :%‬رَ‪ً .E‬ء‪.‬‬
‫ا 
ن‪ :‬أَ ََ‪N\ُِ& ٍَI‬؟‬
‫ ‪ :%‬هَ'ْ ‪ِ .R ٌَ4َ Hُ(َ /ِA‬زجٌ؟‬
‫‪.B‬‬‫ا 
ن‪ :‬أ‪ ُ ِgَA‬ذ ِ َ‬
‫ت ‪.R .َ/َ4َ +‬زِ‪ ،ً.E‬رَ‪ً .E‬ء!‬ ‫ ‪ :%‬ه‪ِ .‬‬
‫\ أنْ &َ‪
َ G‬بَ؟‬ ‫ا 
ن‪.C :‬ذا &ُِ ‪N‬‬
‫ ‪ :%‬هَ'ْ ‪ ٌ)4َ Hُ(َ ْ/ِA‬أ‪ُrْF‬؟‬
‫‪ r‬وأْ‪.
ُ 2‬‬ ‫ا 
ن‪ ٌ)4َ .َ /ِA ْHَ%َ :‬أ‪ُ ْF‬‬
‫‪!0‬‬ ‫ ‪ ٌ)4َ :%‬أ‪َ َ2َ  ،ُrْF‬‬
‫\ أن &‪َ'ُ(9‬؟‬ ‫‪ . 0‬أ ‪ُ .‬ذ‪.C ،‬ذا &ُِ ‪N‬‬ ‫ا 
ن‪ !ْ
ِ1. :‬وأ َ‬
‫ت ‪ .ًGَC .ً ?َ2َ +‬و ََ‪.ًَI‬‬ ‫و‪ :‬ه‪ِ .‬‬
‫ع ‪ ِْC‬ا >‪ُ']UXُ& ِI‬؟‬ ‫ي َ ٍ‬ ‫ا 
ن‪ :‬أ ‬
‫ن‪.‬‬
‫' و َز ٍ‬ ‫و‪ Hَ ِR.2َR ََIََ :‬و‪ٍ َaَF‬‬
‫\ أنْ &َ‪
َ ْG‬بَ؟‬ ‫ا 
ن‪.C :‬ذا &ُِ ‪N‬‬
‫‪!B‬‬‫و‪َ :‬د‪ُ +/ْA‬أ‪
ُ ]?َ-‬د‪
F .ًgT‬ةٌ ‪.F‬ر َدةٌ‪َ ِْUَ- ِْC ،‬‬
‫\ ‪َ
َY6 .ً sP‬؟‬ ‫ا 
ن‪ .ْ
ِ1. :‬هَ'ْ &َ‪ُ ُI‬‬
‫ت ‪ ًَ N4& ./‬وِ‪..ًa]2‬‬ ‫و‪ :‬ه‪ِ .‬‬
‫ا 
ن‪!ْ
ِ1. :‬‬
‫ت؟ ‪ ٌِAC ./ِA‬ا >‪ ََA.‬ا ‪.َ:ِ .:‬‬ ‫' ‪ِ .4I .F‬‬ ‫ أنْ &ُ‪َ ]%‬‬ ‫و‪ :‬هَ'ْ ُ‪ُ ِ?2‬‬
‫‪8‬‬
 .ٍَA. t ِ ُ ِْC '  T9F ‫ًا‬Mِ‫ه‬.E ‫ن‬ ُ ?َ ‫ ٍء‬+َP ' N ُ( :‫ا 
ن‬
(‫ ُء‬.Tj,‫ث ا‬ ُ  َ .2/F ‫ت‬ ِ .4I ‫ ِر ا‬.uv ‫\ ا 
ن‬ ُ ‫))ه‬
(The waiter goes to bring the orders while they talk)
.َِ%
> ‫ َز ِة ا‬.ْ2ُْ2 ‫َِ ا‬Cِْp .F ٌ‫ْ
وف‬%َC Hُ َ%ْIَ2 ‫ ه)ا ا‬،ٍ‫ِ? َ
ة‬- _A :‫ل‬.2E
.ٌ‫ َزة‬.ْ2ُC َُCِp ‫' ))ٌ وا‬ ُ (,‫ أ‬.ٌhَj ‫ ه)ا‬:%
.ٌ‫ْ?ِٌ واِ َة‬GُC Hُ‫ َه‬/ِA :‫ل‬.2E
‫ْ?ِَُ؟‬Gَ2 ‫ ا‬Qِ )َ‫ ه‬+َ ‫ ه‬.C :%
!َ ِL.FNM ‫ن ا‬َ ‫ َ)(
و‬b (‫ِ
ًا‬Y. ) :‫ل‬.2E
!B/َA _1
َ i ُ ‫ل! أ‬.2E . ْ0ُ?ْ ‫ ُأ‬:‫و‬
.َِ/َ2 ‫ ا‬HِA.IَC  ِ َ>ْ‫ِْ أ‬C Hَ َ%I2 ‫ن ه)ا ا‬  ‫ إ‬،ِdT‫ ا ا‬+- :‫ل‬.2E
.ِy ‫ إ‬Hُ?ُ&A‫\ د‬ ِ َ4> ‫)ا ا‬$ :‫و‬
!‫ و‬. ،‫ ٍز‬.ْ2ُCٍ ‫\ َذوق‬ ُ ِ.j‫ٌ و‬H
َ( 0 َ ‫ أ‬:%
.‫ت ا َ] َ ِة‬ِ   ََ2 ‫' ا‬  ُ( ‫ف‬
ُ
%َ ‫ و‬:‫ل‬.2E
!+2ُَY ،ُ‫س‬. . _Xَ( :‫و‬
(ِ ‫و‬.I ‫ ُد ا 
ن إ _ ا‬%)
.‫ل‬ِ .g&
ُ4 ‫ ُ
ا‬aَA‫ َ
ُة و‬4 ‫ ُ) وا‬4/ ‫ا ه)ا ه ا‬UXَ& :‫ا 
ن‬
!ْHُ?ِِj +- !َِT‫ا‬a ‫\ ا‬ َ ْpَ ‫ب‬ ُ
َ ْGَ .Aَ‫ د‬،i‫ ا‬. :‫و‬
!B َ ِِj +- :% ‫ل و‬.2E

Questions about the Text . /

. 0‫ْ ا‬2َ ٌ45#‫أ‬

‫ءٍ؟‬+َP '] ُ( '

َ 4T ‫رِدًا‬.F ‫ ًء‬.C \ َ ََR َْC .1
‫'؟‬
ِ ْ(,‫َْ ا‬A ‫ل ا 
ن‬ َ .T ‫ذا‬.C .2
‫ ا َ ِم؟‬ُ َj ‫ن‬ َ .( ‫ذا‬.C .3
‫ِ
اً؟‬Y. ‫ل‬.2َE ‫ث‬ َ  َ& ٍَِ?GُC ِ‫َْ أ‬A .4
‫راً؟‬$GَC Hُ َ%ْIَ2 ‫ ا‬Bَ ِ ‫ن َذ‬َ .( ‫ ٍء‬+َP ‫ي‬ ] 9F .5
9
 ‫ َ
ةَ؟‬4 ‫\ ا‬
َ ُْIَ ْ‫' أن‬
َ 4T ‫' و‬ َ َ%- ‫ذا‬.C .6
‫ِ؟‬B
َ ِ&.َ +- .ً a]2ِ‫ ًَ و‬4& 0 َِ ْَ(‫ هَ'ْ أ‬.7
‫ي؟‬Gَ2 ‫ ا‬B َ َ2> ‫ ا‬َ ]4ُِ& / \N ُِ& ْ'َ‫ ه‬.8

True or False? Please rewrite the false statements in their correct forms.

.Hِ َ%Iَ2 ‫ ا‬+- ' َ َ(‫ْ أ‬T ‫ن و‬  ‫ &)( َ

ا 
ن أ‬.C ........... .1
.‫ ِر‬.% ,‫ ِم وا‬.%I ‫َْ ا‬A ‫ن‬ َ  9>َ ِ L.FM ‫ ا‬r
ُ %َF ........... .2
.‫ك‬
ِ .4NG ‫ِْ ا‬C ًَ4
T ً ‫و‬.R ‫\ و‬ َ ََR ........... .3
.`ِ 
I ‫_ ا‬A .$, َ  ‫و‬.I ‫ ا‬B َ & % \  َ‫ أ‬.C ........... .4
..ً GَْC .ً E.Eَ‫ ا َ ِم د‬
ُ َْj ‫ن‬َ .( ........... .5
.ِ َ4 .F ‫ ٍر‬.Y َIَ‫ و َـ‬.ًGَC .ً E.Eَ‫ل د‬.2َE \ َ ََR ........... .6

ِ unctional Expression
F 4678‫رات ا‬:6‫ا‬
!i‫ ا‬. Let us go
ْ
ِ1. All right
dِT‫ ا ا‬+- In fact

!‫ك‬َ
ِ ْC‫ أ‬0 َ َْ& Under your command!
‫ِ?ْ َ
ٍة‬- _A By the way
!B َِ ِْ$َC _A Slow down!

!ٌ‫ْ ِ
ُود‬4aِ Patience has limits!

!Hُ?ِِj +- To your health!

!' ُ Eَ‫ ر‬. ‫إهأ‬ Calm down, man!

!% . .‫َأ‬F There we go, Sa'id!

‫ ا َمَ؟‬B َ ِF ‫ذا‬.C What is the matter with you today?
!B َ  ‫ وا‬i ُ ‫ ا‬Hَ ِ‫َر‬ May Allah have mercy on your parents!

.َُA.2َE . ‫ا‬UXَ& Come on, guys.

10
.ًgT‫َ?] ُ
د‬-‫ أ‬+/Aَ‫د‬ Let me think for a minute!
!ٌ‫ َة‬Y‫ إ‬./‫ َأ‬c
َ ْ/َ& b Don't forget we are brothers!

!'ُ (َ ‫ ا‬Hَ %ِ‫ و‬iُ ‫ا‬+ َ 4>َ That is fine! (formal)

.+ ‫_ را‬A‫ و‬+/َA _A You got a deal.

!+2َY ،ُ‫س‬. . _X( You guys embarrassed me!

!Bَ ْ/َA _1ْ

َ i ُ ‫ْ! أ‬0ُ„ْ ‫إ‬ Be quiet! May Allah be content with you!

!َِT‫ا‬a ‫\ ا‬ َ ْpَ ‫ب‬ُ

َ Gََ .A‫َد‬ Let us drink to friendship!
.ِ ‫رغ‬.X ‫ِْ ه)ا ا ?َ ِم ا‬C 0 ُ 4ِ%& I am tired of this empty talk.

‫ت؟‬ ِ .4I .F ' َ ]%ُُ& ‫ أن‬

ُ ِ?ْ2ُ ْ'َ‫ه‬ Will you rush the orders‫؟‬

.‫ ٍز‬.ْ2ُC ‫ق‬
ٍ ‫\ َذو‬ ُ ِ.j‫ٌ و‬H
َ( 0 َ ‫أ‬ You are generous and have a good taste.

Vocabulary List ‫ ا=<دات‬4=7)

dَ C 0ُ َ& I spoke with

‫ت‬ ُ Aَ‫د‬ I invited
0 ُ 4َR I order, ask for, demand
ُ ِgA‫أ‬ I think (not as I believe)
0َِ >َ you forgot
']َA you rush, hurry up

ُ ()َ ََ& you remember

`
ُ ِَpَ he creates
.‫َأ‬F we began
َََ we have lunch
ُ 
ُ we want, would like, desire
‫ن‬
َ  9> they (m) ask
ٌ‫ذوق‬ taste
'N ََC - ٌ‫ت‬
 ََC place, shop, store/s
ٌَA.2َE group
ٌِAَC appointment
ٌdِT‫وا‬ reality
ٌ\ََR -ٌ‫ت‬.4ََR order, request, demand/s

11
 ‫
َة‬F beer
ٌ)4َ wine
ٌ\َ/ِA grapes
ٌ‫َو َرق‬ leaves
ٌ‫م‬.%َR food
ٌq]2ِ chick pea
ٌ‫زَن‬ olives
c
l َY lettuce
ٌBَ2َ fish
ٌَj dish
ٌَIََ salad
ٌَ4َ yogurt
ٌَ ( zucchini
ٌ N4َ& Tabbuuli
ٌdِL‫را‬ splendid, magnificent
‫ي‬
l GَC grilled, toasted
+
l GَْC stuffed
ٌ‫ ِزج‬.R fresh
r ُ َF‫أ‬ white

ُ َ2‫أ‬ red
ٍَ‫
ا‬aِF frankly
‫ِ
ًا‬Y. sarcastically
.Cَ /ِA when (conjunction)
B
َ ِ )َ( as well, also, too
.ً U‫أ‬ also, too, as well
Grammar
‫ا‬->‫ا‬

1. Contrary to ‫ن‬
َ .( and her sisters, which take a nominative subject and an accusative
predicate, ‫ن‬
 ‫ إ‬and her sisters take an accusative subject and a nominative predicate if
that predicate is a noun or a predicate adjective.

This grammatical rule is exemplified in the following sentences:

.ٌ))َ‫' ـ‬
َ (,‫ن ا‬
‫إ‬ becomes .ٌ))َ‫' ـ‬
ُ (,‫أ‬
12
 .ٌ‫َ َة‬E َ َ44‫ـ‬I ‫ن أ‬
‫إ‬ becomes .ٌ‫َ َة‬E ُ َ44‫ـ‬I ‫أ‬

Notice the change of the subject marker from nominative to accusative.

2. When ‫ن‬
‫إ‬ and her sisters are followed by personal pronouns, the accusative forms
of these pronouns are suffixed to them. The following chart summarizes these forms for
both singular and plural pronouns.

./‫إـ‬ 
ُ  +]‫ إـ‬/+/‫إـ‬ .‫أ‬
Hُ‫إـ?ـ‬ Hُ‫أـ‬ B
َ ‫إـ‬ 0
َ ‫أ‬

 ُ‫إـ?ـ‬ 
 ُ‫أـ‬ B
ِ ‫إـ‬ 0
ِ ‫أ‬
Hُ$‫إـ‬ Hُ‫ه‬ ُy‫إـ‬ ‫ه‬

 ُ$‫إـ‬ 
 ُ‫ه‬ .$‫إـ‬ +‫ه‬

‫ن‬
 , which means “because” is a sister of ‫ن‬
 ‫ إ‬and thus behaves the same way.

Verb Conjugation ‫ل‬6 @‫ ا‬ABCD

1. The following verbs are in the present tense and conjugated to the plural pronouns.
Hُ‫ه‬ 
 ُ‫ه‬ 
 ُ‫أـ‬ Hُ‫أـ‬ 
ُ 

َ ‫ن &ـَ)(ـ‬َ ‫َـَ)(ـ

و‬ ‫ن‬
َ ْ
‫ـَـَ)(ـ‬ ‫ن‬
َ ْ
‫ن &ـَـَ)(ـ‬
َ ‫&ـَـَ)(ـ
و‬
ُ ‫ـَـَ)(ـ‬
\َ َ‫ـَـ‬R ‫ن‬4ُ‫ـ‬Iَ 
َ 4ُ‫ـ‬Iَ 
َ 4ُ‫ـ‬Iَ‫&ـ‬ ‫ن‬
َ 4Iَ‫&ـ‬ \
ُ ُ‫ـ‬Iَ‫ـ‬

َ ]‫ـَ?ـ‬- ‫ن‬
َ ‫ـَ?ـ]
و‬Xُُ ‫ن‬
َ ْ
]‫ـَ?ـ‬Xُُ ‫ن‬
َ ْ
]‫ـَ?ـ‬Xُ‫ن &ـ‬َ ‫ـَ?ـ]
و‬Xُ‫&ـ‬
ُ ]‫ـَ?ـ‬Xُ‫ـ‬

2. The following verbs are in the past tense and conjugated to the singular pronouns.

E
َ ‫أ‬ E
ِ ‫أ‬ ‫أ‬ -‫ه‬ ‫ه‬

13
 _>َ‫ـ‬ 0
َ >َ‫ـ‬ 0
ِ >َ‫ـ‬ 0
ُ >َ‫ـ‬ _>َ‫ـ‬ ْ0َ>َ‫ـ‬
‫َأ‬F ‫ت‬
َ ‫َأ‬F ‫ت‬
ِ ‫َأ‬F ‫ت‬
ُ ‫َأ‬F ‫َأ‬F ْ‫َأت‬F
‫ل‬
َ 9 0
َ 9 0
ِ 9 0
ُ 9 ‫ل‬
َ 9 ْ0َ‫ ـ‬9

3. The following verbs are in the imperative and conjugated to the second person
pronouns.

E
َ ‫أ‬ E
ِ ‫أ‬ (ِ‫أ‬
‫ب‬
َ
ِ َP ْ‫ َ
ب‬P‫إ‬ +Fَ
P‫إ‬ ‫ا‬Fَ
P‫إ‬
‫ل‬
َ 9 ْ‫ل‬9 ‫إ‬ + 9 ‫إ‬ ‫ ا‬9 ‫إ‬

Drill # 1 ‫ ا@ول‬2B=‫ا‬
Use the words and phrases in the Vocabulary List in good sentences:

Drill # 2 G‫ ا‬2B=‫أ‬

Please choose the correct options:
.ِ ‫ج‬.Aْ‫ز‬,‫_ ا‬A ٌ5ِ 6 .‫ أ‬: ‫ل و‬
َ .T .1
Walid is sorry because he is:
a. coming late
b. bothering someone
c. leaving earlier than he had planned

‫ن( ا واءَ؟‬
َ ِ2?ُ‫_ )&ـ‬C :\
ُ 4‫ـ‬I ‫ل ا‬
َ 9 .2
The subject pronoun which marks the verb between parentheses is identical with the
personal pronoun in option:
Hُ‫ أـ‬.‫ت‬ 
 ُ‫ ه‬.‫ب‬ Hُ‫ ه‬.‫أ‬

.ِ ‫ ا َم‬
َ َْj \
َ ُ‫ـ‬R‫\ أنْ أ‬
N ِ‫أ‬ .3

14
The proper response for a statement like this one is:
Hُ َ‫ـ‬A‫ أ‬i
ُ ‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ ‫ ًء‬.E‫ ر‬.‫ب‬ ْ
ِ1. .‫أ‬

.+
] gَ2 ‫ ا‬B
ِ َ2> ‫_ ا‬A ‫ي‬
 ْGَ2 ‫ ا‬B
َ َ2> ‫' ا‬
ُ ]Uَ-‫ُأ‬ .4
Your Arab host family is inviting you for dinner. They ask you for your preferences and
they realize that you:
a. prefer fried fish
b. prefer grilled fish
c. really do not like fish at all

.‫ ِء‬.>َ2 ‫ ا‬+- ‫ج‬

َ ‫ز‬.‫ـ‬I ‫ ا‬........... '
ُ ]Uَ-‫ُأ‬ .5
Of the given options, certainly ...... is the best to fill in the blank.
‫ َ
َة‬4 ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ 
َ َ4‫ ا ـ‬.‫ب‬ َ )4‫ـ‬/ ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

‫تِ؟‬.4َ‫ــ‬I .F '

َ ]َ%ُ‫ْ?ِ ِ أنْ &ـ‬2ُ2 ‫ِْ ا‬C ْ'َ‫ه‬ .6
Only one of the following options cannot be the reason for you to ask that your order be
rushed.
ٌ‫ُاع‬j ‫ك‬
َ َ /ِA .‫ت‬ ٌِAَC ‫ك‬
َ َ /ِA .‫ب‬ ٌdِL.E B
َ ‫ـ‬, .‫أ‬

!'
ُ ُE‫ َر‬. ‫إهأ‬ .7
An Arab would use this expression when she/he is:
a. ignoring somebody
b. fed up with somebody
c. trying to convince somebody

‫؟‬................... ................ ‫ن‬

َ .( ْ'َ‫ه‬ .8
Which option has the correct voweling to fit in this context?

.ً 4
َ‫ُ …ـ‬yُ‫ـ‬-N
َaَ‫ &ـ‬.‫ت‬ .ً4
َ‫ُ …ـ‬yَ‫ـ‬-N
َaَ‫ &ـ‬.‫ُ …ـَ
\ٌ ب‬yُ‫ـ‬-N
َaَ‫ &ـ‬.‫أ‬

15
 !‫ك‬
ِ .‫ـ‬4NG ‫ِْ ا‬C (ً َ4
َ‫ـ‬T) ً َ‫وِ ـ‬.R ُ 
ُ‫ـ‬ .9
You ordered a table close to the window, but your friend wanted exactly the opposite.
So, you change your request. Which word do you need to use for the one between
parentheses?
ً َ%
َ .‫ت‬ ‫ َ ًة‬%َF .‫ب‬ ‫َ َ ًة‬E .‫أ‬

Which of the following verbs can you use for imperative case? .10

َ ‫ &ـَ)(ـ‬.‫ت‬ ْ0ُ?ْ ‫ ُأ‬.‫ب‬ 0
ُ >َ‫ ـ‬.‫أ‬

!‫رِدًا‬.F ‫ ًء‬.C ‫ب‬

َ
َ P‫\ أنْ أ‬
N ِ‫ُأ‬ .11
You are thirsty. You order (a glass of ) cold water. Then you change your mind. Which
option would you choose?
.ً ?َ2َ .‫ت‬ .ً E.Eَ‫ د‬.‫ب‬ ‫
ًا‬aَA .‫أ‬

‫ ا َمَ؟‬........... +4ُ‫ـ‬Iَ‫ أنْ &ـ‬

َ ]4ُ‫هَ'ْ &ـ‬ .12
The best choice to fill in the blank is in:

َ َْj .‫ت‬ Hَ ِR.2َ‫ـ‬R .‫ب‬ َ )4َ‫ ـ‬.‫أ‬

!B
َ َ ِ ‫ وا‬Hُ َ
َ i
ُ ‫أ‬ .13
Arabs would use this expression to say “thank you.” It can also be used to mean:

a. please b. forget it c. only God knows

!َِ‫ـ‬T‫ا‬a ‫س ا‬
َ 9( ‫ب‬
ُ
َ Gَ‫ ـ‬.Aَ‫د‬ .14
You are suggesting a toast to:
a. friendship
b. a happy marriage
c. a successful new career

. ......... ‫َ'ٌ و‬aَF‫ن و‬

ُ ‫ ز‬.$- ً َ‫ـ‬Iَ‫' َـ‬
ُ ]Uَ‫ـ‬-‫ُأ‬ .15
16
Certainly you would not have option .... to be another ingredient in your salad.
ٌ‫ر‬.ِY .‫ت‬ ٌ‫ل‬.gُ‫ُ
&ـ‬F .‫ب‬ c
l َY.‫أ‬

.ٌَ%
َ ُyُ‫َـ‬CِY Hٍ َ%IC +- ./(‫أ‬ .16
The pronoun which is suffixed to the noun in this sentence is:
a. an object pronoun
b. a subject pronoun
c. a possessive pronoun

.ِ Hَ%Iَ2 ‫ ا‬.......... '

 ُ‫ف (ـ‬
ُ
ِ A‫أ‬ .17
You know the owners of the restaurant. Which option do you need to use to complete
your statement?
ِ ‫ل‬.2ُA .‫ت‬ ‫ب‬
ِ .ْj‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ِ ِL.F‫ ز‬.‫أ‬

!ً َ‫ـ‬gTَ‫ـَ?ـ] ُ
د‬-‫ أ‬+/ْA‫َد‬ .18
You said this sentence to your Arab friend and she/he was very impressed. However, I
need to know if you meant to say:
a. let me talk for a minute!
b. let me rest for a minute!
c. let me think for a minute!

.(.ً 4
gَ‫' )&ـ‬
ِ ]‫ ا ـ‬5
َ ْaِ 0
ُ Tَ ‫ن ا‬
َ .( .19
Though you need to rearrange the words in this sentence, one of the following options
can substitute for the word between parentheses.
ً َ‫ـ‬ggَ .‫ت‬ ٍ ‫
ار‬2ِ .F .‫ب‬ + ‫ َا‬.‫أ‬

!(‫ ًء‬.E‫ )ر‬،ً‫رِدا‬.F ‫ ًء‬.C ./ ‫ت‬

ِ .‫ه‬ 20
You are learning the synonym for the word between parentheses and you want to use it
in this sentence. Can you remind me which one do you mean?
ٌdِL‫ را‬.‫ت‬ B
َ ِ‫ـ‬F .C .‫ب‬ B
َ ِْUَ‫ـ‬- ِْC .‫أ‬

17
 A waiter will have a fit if you go to a restaurant and order .... .21
.ًgَC ‫رًا‬.َY .‫ت‬ .ً GَC .ً ?َ2َ .‫ب‬ .ً GَC .ً E.Eَ‫ د‬.‫أ‬

‫ً؟‬.sَP \
ُ 4‫ـ‬I ‫ ا‬Hُ‫َ
َ(ـ‬4Y‫هَ'ْ أ‬ .22
The object pronoun which is suffixed to the verb corresponds to the personal pronoun
in:
Hُ‫ أـ‬.‫ت‬ Hُ‫ ه‬.‫ب‬ 0
َ ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

!B
ِ ْ/َA _1
َ i
ُ ‫أ‬ .23
A mother was talking to her daughter when she said this sentence. She meant to say:
a. Everything is in God's hand.
b. God willing, you will be fine.
c. May God be content with you.

. ..............
َ aَA ‫ب‬
َ
َ ْP‫\ أنْ أ‬
N ِ‫ُأ‬ .24
You certainly do not like to drink a glass of .......... juice.
\َ‫ـ‬/ِA .‫ت‬ ‫ َزن‬.‫ب‬ ‫ل‬.g&
ُF .‫أ‬

!ْHُ‫ِِ?ـ‬j +- .25
Is the proper response to:
a. a toast
b. an insult
c. a greeting

Drill # 3 HG‫ ا‬2B=‫ا‬

a.. Give the correct forms of the words between parentheses.
.Hُ‫َ?ـ‬A  َ ِg:ُ ْ‫ن أن‬
َ ْ‫ ُ
د‬b (
 ُ‫ ه‬+ ‫ن‬ ‫ )إ‬.1
.B
َ ِ ‫ ذ‬
َ -
ْ%& b‫ و‬q َ ]2ِ ‫ ا‬ َ (9& (0
ِ ‫ أ‬+ ‫ن‬  ‫ )إ‬.2
.0
ِ Tَ ‫' ا‬ ُ‫ (ـ‬.$ِ‫ه‬9F
ُ ]‫?ـ‬Xُ‫( &ـ‬+‫ ه‬+ ‫ن‬  ‫ْ )إ‬0َ‫ ـ‬.T .3
18
 ‫ءٍ؟‬.>َC '  ُ‫) َ (ـ‬4‫ـ‬/ ‫ب ا‬
ُ
َ Gَ (‫ ه‬+ ‫ن‬  ‫ف )أ‬ُ
%َ‫ هَ'ْ &ـ‬.4
.ِ َ ‫ ا‬Hِ َ%Iَ2 ‫ ا‬+-   ُ‫( أ(ـ‬
 ُ‫ أـ‬+ ‫ن‬ ‫ِ ُ )أ‬gA‫ أ‬b .5
.ِ ‫ُق‬/ُ‫ـ‬X ‫ب ا‬
ُ .ْj‫( أ‬Hُ‫ أـ‬+ ‫ن‬  ‫ )أ‬0
ُ ْ%ِ2َ .C (.‫ أ‬+ ‫ن‬  ‫ـَِ )أ‬ggَ ‫ ا‬+- .6

b. Give the antonyms of the underlined words then translate these sentences.
.ِ ‫َن‬Mpَ2 ‫ب ا‬ ُ .ْj‫ أ‬Hُ$‫ أـ‬0 ُ >َ‫ ـ‬.1
.ً‫ـِ ا‬Eً َ‫ـ‬gَ‫ ـ‬+َ4gَ 0َ‫ـ‬.( .2
‫رداً؟‬.F ‫ َم‬.%‫ـ‬I ‫ ا‬+ُ‫(ـ‬9& ‫ أن‬ َ ]4ُ‫ هَ'ْ &ـ‬.3
‫اً؟‬Mِ‫ه‬.E '
ُ (,‫ن ا‬َ ?َ ْ‫' أن‬ َ 4T 
ً R .ً Tَ‫ و‬.
u‫ إ‬.4

C. Rearrange the following groups of words to make correct sentences.

ِ ‫ ً ا َم‬GَC % +- ‫ن‬ ‫ أ‬ N ُ‫ ( َ ً أ‰ـ‬B َ ‫\ ذ‬َ َ‫ـ‬R .1
‫ن ا ـَا ِء‬ ‫ب أ‬ َ
ِ َP %
َ َ2‫_ أ‬A ‫)ًا‬4 ُ ِgَ‫ـ‬A‫ أ‬b .2
.ً?َ2َ \ َ ُ‫ـ‬R‫ أنْ أ‬.Cَ/ِA .ًGَC _ ‫\ إ‬ ُ ‫ـَ)ه‬ ِ Hَ%Iَ2 ‫\ ا‬N ِ‫ ُأ‬.3
.Bَ ‫و  َ ذ‬.‫ـ‬I ‫ن ا‬  ‫ـ
` ِ وه إ‬I ‫ ا‬% \ N ُِ b _A ‫ل‬ َ .T .4
.‫ن‬
َ Š‫' ا‬ َ 4T +- 0
ِ (‫ ه)ا أ‬ َ g%َ‫ &ـ‬B‫ ِ أـ‬Hَ%Iَ2 ‫ هَ'ْ ا‬.5
ِ Hَ%Iَ2 ‫ـِ ًا َورَق ِ إ _ ا‬E ٌ))َ‫ ـ‬ َ َj +4َ‫ُ إذه‬y‫ـ‬, \ ِ /ِ% ‫ ا‬+4R‫ وا‬.6

Drill # 4 I"‫ اا‬2B=‫ا‬

Please choose the correct options and explain WHY:
../ُ‫ َزةٌ ه‬.2ُC َ َCِp ‫ن ا‬
 ‫ إ‬،(B
ِ َ%َC `
N َ ‫)أ‬ .1
Your friend was commending the service in a restaurant you both went to. You agreed
and expressed your opinion in two sentences including the one above. Then you
substituted one of the following options for the phrase between brackets and your friend
was really impressed. Which was the correct choice?
B
ِ َ%َC 5
ُ ِَ‫ـ‬Y‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ B
ِ َ%َC `
ُ ِX‫ أ&ـ‬.‫ب‬ B
ِ ُ‫ـ‬-
A‫ أ‬b .‫أ‬

. .............. '
َ ُE
 ‫ن ا‬
 ‫ِ ُ أ‬gَ‫ـ‬A‫ أ‬b .2
19
Someone looked sick. Your friend said that that man was sick. You disagreed. You
wanted to say your sentence in perfect Arabic. You chose the adjective in option ... .
ٍ r
َC .‫ت‬ ٌr
َC .‫ب‬ .ً U
َC .‫أ‬

.ِ 'َ‫ـ‬Yَْ2 ‫َْ ا‬A (ٌ‫ َة‬%َF)ُ َ‫و ـ‬.‫ـ‬I ‫أ‬ .3

You went to a restaurant and were seated at a table close to the entrance. You told the
story to your friends but you made a mistake. So, which adjective did you meant to use?
ٌَ%
َ .‫ت‬ ٌَ4
َ‫ـ‬T .‫ب‬ ٌ‫َ َة‬E .‫أ‬

.ٌ‫ َزة‬.2ُC ِy-َ َCِْp ‫' وا‬

َ (,‫ـَ َوا‬Iَ‫ن ا >ـ‬
 , Hَ َ%Iَ2 ‫\ ه)ا ا‬
N ِ‫أ‬ .4
I like this restaurant because:
a. the salad and food are excellent
b. of its location and excellent prices
c. the salad, food and service are excellent

.ٍ ‫ز‬.ْ2ُC ٍ ‫\ ذوق‬
ُ ِ.j ٌ`َj ‫ه‬ .5
The underlying message is:
a. a protest
b. sarcasm
c. a compliment

!ٍ ‫ل‬gْ%َC
ُ َ… ‫ ه)ا‬.'
ِ ‫ل ا ـ‬
َ R ‫
َة‬4 ‫) َوا‬4‫ـ‬/ ‫ن ا‬
َ Fَ
Gَ‫&ـ‬ .6
This is unbelievable! You are surprised! Maybe you are angry. The following pronouns
can refer to a subject. What is the correct one for this sentence?

.‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ 
 ُ‫ أـ‬.‫ب‬ Hُ‫ أـ‬.‫أ‬

.ِ ‫ ا َم‬
َ َْj \
َ ُ‫ـ‬Iَ‫ أنْ ـ‬
ُ ِ?2ُ .7
The implied subject pronoun in this sentence is:

ُ َ‫ ـ‬.‫ت‬ .‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ 0
َ ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

20
 .ِ Hَ%Iَ2 ‫ ه)ا ا‬.............ِ cC‫ ـَ َأ‬./َF.T .8
Your Arab host family will be disappointed if you use one of these nouns in a sentence
like this. They might even correct you. Can you figure out which word you should avoid.
‫ل‬
َ .2ُA .‫ت‬ ‫ب‬
َ .ْj‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ل‬
َ .E‫ ر‬.‫أ‬

.ٌdِL‫ َم را‬.%‫ـ‬I ‫ن ا‬
 ‫( أ‬+/T] َj) .9
The first word in this sentence implies that you:
a. are certain b. have some doubt c. really do not know

‫ل؟‬.gُ‫ُ
&ـ‬F
َ aَA B
ِ َ‫ ـ‬............... ْ‫ أن‬
َ ]4ُِ‫هَ'ْ &ـ‬ .10
I am pretty sure you know that you cannot use one of these verbs in a sentence like
this. Which one? By the way, all these verbs are in the subjunctive case.

َ ِUُ‫ا‬ ‫ب‬
َ
َ P‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ـَ
ي‬P‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

‫ٌَ؟‬%
َ ُyُ‫َـ‬CِY ٍ Hَ%IَC +- Hُ‫هَ'ْ أ(ـ‬ .11
This sentence is talking about a restaurant that has been recommended for its fast
service. Who ate there?
a. we b. you c. they

‫َِ؟‬%ِC. ‫ ا‬Hِ َ%IَC +- B

ِ ُ‫َـ‬F.T +/‫ أـ‬
َ 
‫هَ'ْ &ـَ)(ـ‬ .12
One of the following personal pronouns can correspond to the subject and object
pronouns implied in this sentence.
0
ِ ‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ 
 ُ‫ أـ‬.‫ب‬ 0
َ ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

!ِ Hَ%Iَ2 ‫ ه)ا ا‬+- ./َِA.2َE َْA ./ 9 .13

You can substitute the underlined word with the one in option:
./ِ‫ـ‬F.ْj‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ ./ِ‫ـ‬4ِ.j .‫ب‬ ./ِXَ1 .‫أ‬

.ً َ$ِ(.-‫ و ُرزا ً و‬.ً 2َ‫ و ـ‬.ً E.Eَ‫ د‬........... ِْC 0

ُ 
َ َ‫ـ‬P‫إ‬ .14

21
This was the first time you went grocery shopping, and you are telling us about your
adventure! Could you please finish your sentence!
ِ ‫ق‬N> ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ ِ Hَ%Iَ2 ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ِ ‫َن‬Mpَ2 ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

‫َ
َ؟‬Y6 .ًsَP ............. ْ‫ ِ ُر أن‬gَ‫هَ'ْ &ـ‬ .15
One of the following verbs cannot be used in this context?

َ ‫ &ـَ)(ـ‬.‫ت‬
َ ُ‫?ـ‬Gَ‫ &ـ‬.‫ب‬ '
َ ُ‫(ـ‬9& .‫أ‬

.ٌ‫ز‬.2ُC .......... ‫ن‬

 ,ِ Hَ%Iَ2 ‫ْ إ _ ه)ا ا‬Hُ‫َ&ـُ?ـ‬A‫َد‬ .16
Arabic grammar accepts this sentence if you choose option:
ُyَ‫ أ(ـ‬.‫ت‬ ِyِ‫ أ(ـ‬.‫ب‬ ُyُ‫ أ(ـ‬.‫أ‬

.‫ـِ ًا‬E ............ ِ Hَ%Iَ2 ‫ ه)ا ا‬+- ............. ‫ن‬

‫إ‬ .17
Arabic grammar will only allow you to use the pair of words in:
ٍ ))َ‫ ـ‬- ‫ َم‬.%‫ـ‬I ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ ‫ ـَ))ًا‬- ‫ ُم‬.%‫ـ‬I ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ٌ))َ‫ ـ‬- ‫ َم‬.%‫ـ‬I ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

!‫ت‬
ِ .4‫ـ‬I .F '
َ ]َ%ُ‫ أنْ &ـ‬
ُ ِ?ْ2ُ ْ'َ‫ ه‬،ٌِAَC .َ /ِA .18
This sentence implies that:
a. you are in a self-serve cafeteria
b. there is a waiter attending to your order
c. there is a waitress attending to your order

.‫ي‬
ّ] ] Gَ2 ‫ج ِ ا‬.E ‫_ ا‬A +
 gَ2 ‫ج ا‬
َ .E ‫ ا‬+َE‫' زَو‬
ُ ]Uَ‫ـ‬Xُ‫&ـ‬ .19
This man is telling his Arab friend that his wife prefers:
a. grilled fish
b. fried chicken
c. chicken to fish

.ٌr
َC ............. \
ِ 4‫ـ‬I ‫ ا‬dَ َC ٌِAَC ‫ي‬/ِA .20
One of the following options makes sense. Which?

22
 .$‫ـ‬, .‫ت‬ +/‫ـ‬, .‫ب‬ ُy‫ـ‬, .‫أ‬

‫ ؟‬........... ِ ‫ر‬.Iَ2 ‫رع ِا‬.P +- ُ َ‫دِـ‬. ‫هَ'ْ ا‬ .21

An accident on the Airport Boulevard has been reported in the news. Your friend has
just come back and she saw it. You are asking her if it was:
ٌGَC .‫ت‬ ٌ‫ َ
ة‬Iَ‫ـ‬Y .‫ب‬ ٌ‫ر َدة‬.F .‫أ‬

.Hِ َ%ْIَ2 ‫\ ا‬
ِ ِ.j َْA ............. 
ِ ِL.FM ‫' ا‬
N ُ( .22
You will not embarrass yourself if you avoid using the verb in option:
‫ن‬
َ  9>َ .‫ت‬ ‫ ا‬9 .‫ب‬ ‫ل‬
ُ 9>َ .‫أ‬

‫ل؟‬
ٍ .gُ&
ُF
َ aَA \
َ ُR‫ أنْ أ‬
ِ ِ?ْ2ُ2 ‫ِْ ا‬C ْ'َ‫ه‬ .23
This person is asking whether she/he can order:
a. grape juice
b. limon juice
c. orange juice

.ً َ‫ ـ‬N4َ‫ و&ـ‬.ًa]2ِ .............. '

َ 4T 0
ُ (‫أ‬ .24
Your Arab friend suggests that both of you go to Filfilah Restaurant in Cairo to eat
Himmis & Tabbuuli. You liked the idea. You ate there a year ago. How would you say
that in Arabic?
ٍَ‫ـ‬/َ .‫ت‬ ٍ ‫ع‬4 ‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ٍ ‫ َم‬.‫أ‬

.ٍ dِ.C ‫ي‬
N ‫ي أ‬/ِA c
َ َ‫ ـ‬ .25
You certainly can impress your Arab friend by using option ..... as a synonym for the
expression above.
B
ِ ُ‫ـ‬-
A‫ أ‬b .‫ت‬ B
ِ َ%َC `
ُ ِX‫ أ&ـ‬.‫ب‬ B
ِ َ%َC 5
ُ ِَ‫ـ‬Y‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

23
Reading Exercise ‫ ا>اءة‬2B=D

Read the following words, phrases and sentences into your tape recorder, then listen to
them. Give the tape to your teacher to check your performance:

0
َ >َ
ُ ()َ ََ& ََ .‫َأ‬F ُ 
ُ
'
ُ ]َ%ُ&
ُ ]?َ-‫ ُأ‬./ِIْA‫ن إ‬ َ  9>َ 0 ِ َ?َ
‫َ 
ٍة‬C
ُ ِY6 ٌ‫ ِزج‬.R ٌَ4َ \
ٍ َ/ِA ‫ق‬ُ ‫َو َر‬ ‫م‬K .A 'ٍ ْ?َGِF
‫ل‬
ٍ .gُ&
ُF
ُ aَA ‫ ا َ ِم‬ُ َْj ‫ك‬
َ
ِ ْC‫ أ‬0
َ َْ&
ٌgَC c
ُ ِR.IَF
ُ َ2ْ‫)ٌ أ‬4َ +
l GَْC ٌ‫ج‬.Eَ‫د‬

.‫ ا َ ِم‬

َ َْj \ َ ُR‫\ أنْ أ‬ N ِ‫ُأ‬
.‫ِ ًا‬Eٌ))َ ' ُ ْ(,‫ ه)ا ا‬،ٍَ‫َ
ا‬aِF
.ًَIََ ‫ و‬.ًGَْC .ً E.Eَ‫ د‬+ ‫ت‬ ِ .‫ه‬
.‫ ِء‬.Gِ% ‫_ ا‬A +  gَ2 ‫ ا‬Bَ َ2> ‫\ ا‬N ُِ& b
‫ً؟‬GَC ْ‫ً أم‬gَC c َ ِR.Iَ4 ‫هَ'ْ &ُ
 ُ ا‬
.َِCِp ‫ ِم وا‬.%I ‫َْ ا‬A .ً 2ِL‫ن دا‬ َ  9>َ ُ ِL.FM ‫أ‬
‫'؟‬ِ ْ(,‫ َ ا‬%َF r َ َF‫)ًا أ‬4َ ‫ب‬ َ
َ Gَ& ْ‫\ أن‬
N ُِ& ْ'َ‫ه‬
.‫ل‬ ِ .gُ&
ُ4 ‫ َ
ا‬aَA \ N ِ‫' ُأ‬ ِ  ‫ِْ ا‬C 0ِ Tَ ‫ ه)ا ا‬+-
.‫ َز ِة‬.ْ2ُ2 ‫َِ ا‬%
> ‫َِ ا‬Cِْp .F ٌ‫
وف‬%َC Hُ َ%Iَ2 ‫ه)ا ا‬
.'
ٍ َaَF‫ن و‬ ٍ َ‫َُ ز‬Iََ ‫ي و‬ l GَC ٌBَ2َ ‫ ا َ ِم‬ ُ َْj

24
Unit # 2 (2) ()‫
ة ر‬,-‫أ‬

Shaadi talks on the phone with Sharif, his Libyan friend in Tripoli. They agree to
go to a birthday party for one of Shaad’s friends that evening.

!‫دي‬.P  .‫ ه‬:5
P
‫ُ؟‬Hَ?ََ َْC ،ْHَ%َ :‫دي‬.P
.5
َP .‫ أ‬:5
P
.+Y‫ أ‬ ً ْ‫ أه‬:‫دي‬.P
‫ ِم؟‬/ ‫ِْ ا‬C 0
َ ْ2ُT _َC .B َ ِF 
ً ْ‫ أه‬:5
P
.ٍَA. + ‫' َا‬ َ ْ4َT :‫دي‬.P
‫َ]اً؟‬E 0َ 2ِ ْ'َ‫ ه‬:5
P
!.ْ
َ4َ( .\ ِ َ% .F
ُ ُ%P‫ أ‬0 ُ ِ‫ ز‬.C :‫دي‬.P
25
 ‫'!‬‫‪َ . i‬ر‪ُ ُE‬‬ ‫‪ ْ5َY :5
P‬ا َ‬
‫‪ c‬أ&‪ً
:َ( +/َْ4َ%‬ا‪.‬‬ ‫‪.P‬دي‪ :‬ز‪َ .‬ر ُة اŠ‪ِ .‬ر َ َم أ‪ِ ْC‬‬
‫ب!‬‫‪ M] ِA +- 0‬ا ‪ِ .4G‬‬ ‫‪ :5
P‬أ َ‬
‫‪ . c‬رًا ‪ً ِE‬ا‪.‬‬ ‫ن ا ‪ُ gI‬‬ ‫ب! (‪َ .‬‬ ‫ي ‪ٍ .4َP‬‬ ‫‪.P‬دي‪ :‬أ ‪N‬‬
‫‪.+gَj . 5‬‬ ‫‪ :5
P‬ه ِ) ِ‪ِF Q‬اَُ ا ‪ِ a‬‬
‫ن ا َ ‪
ٍ ْ$َP َ %َF N‬؟‬ ‫‪ُ ?ََ 5‬‬ ‫‪.P‬دي‪ . :‬إ ‪ !+$‬إ َذنْ‪َ َ( ،‬‬
‫ن ‪
ُ .C ŒA‬ا ُم!‬ ‫' ‪ٍ +َP‬ء ََ? ُ‬ ‫‪N ُ( .B‬‬ ‫س ‪َ َA‬‬ ‫‪َ 9F b :5
P‬‬
‫' ه)ا ا ‪.>َ2‬ءَ؟‬ ‫‪.P‬دي‪.C :‬ذا ََ‪ُ َ2ْ%‬‬
‫ك َ‪.ٌَX‬‬ ‫‪ :5
P‬هُ‪َ ./‬‬
‫ك!‬
‫‪.P‬دي‪َ ،ً./َ>َ :‬أ‪َ َ /ِA .C .ْ
ِ4ْY‬‬
‫‪ :5
P‬أ َ ُم ه ‪ِ C ُ ِA‬د أَ ِ أ‪.+L.Tِْj‬‬
‫‪.P‬دي‪ :‬هَ'ْ أ‪ُyُ-
ِ A‬؟ هَ'ْ ‪ُyُْَF.T‬؟‬
‫س ‪ +-‬أ‪..?
C‬‬ ‫‪ b :5
P‬أ‪ .ُ ِgَA‬إ ‪) ُyُ2‬و ‪ (H‬و‪َ َْT‬د َر َ‬
‫‪.P‬دي‪.C :‬ذا َد َرسَ‪ ،‬و‪ +-‬أِ ‪ٍَ%ِC.E‬؟‬
‫س ا ‪- َِ%ِC.E +- ََ َ /َ$‬را‪.‬‬ ‫‪َ :5
P‬د َر َ‬
‫‪.P‬دي‪
 َpَ& _َC :‬جَ؟‬
‫ج ‪ْ%َF‬ي ‪.ٍَ/َ>ِF‬‬ ‫‪َ
 َpَ& :5
P‬‬
‫‪.P‬دي‪ :‬هَ'ْ ه ‪] MَُC‬وجٌ؟‬
‫‪.5‬‬‫‪ َِ.$ِ +- ِy]2َA 0‬ا ‪ِ a‬‬ ‫ج ‪َ ْ/ِF‬‬ ‫‪ Mَََ :5
P‬و ُ‬
‫‪"ِy]2َA 0‬؟ هَ'ْ ه)ا ‪ٌِ?ْ2ُC‬؟‬ ‫‪َ ْ/ِF" 0‬‬ ‫‪.P‬دي‪ :‬هَ'ْ ‪َ ُT‬‬
‫‪.‬‬‫ب وا ‪َ 2ْ>ُ2‬‬ ‫‪ :5
P‬ه)ا ‪ َ /ِA ٌdِL.P‬ا ‪ِ
َ َ%‬‬
‫‪.E 0‬د‪l‬؟‬
‫‪ ،َBِ )َ ِF 0‬إ‪MِC ُyُ&َْgَA‬ا ً‪ !.‬هَ'ْ أ َ‬ ‫‪.P‬دي‪ +- :‬ا َ‪ُ ْ%ِ2َ .Cَْ/ِA َِgg‬‬
‫‪!i‬‬‫‪ُ :5
P‬أ‪ِ .F Hُ ِ>T‬‬
‫ب ‪ٍ +َP‬ء َ‪!+&.َ +- ُyُْ%ِ2‬‬ ‫‪.P‬دي‪ :‬ه)ا أ…
ُ‬
‫ب ‪4ْgَC‬لٌ ‪ +-‬ه)ا ا ‪.dِ َ2َُ2‬‬ ‫ج ا‪.T,‬ر ِ‬ ‫‪ :5
P‬زَوا ُ‬
‫ن ‪ +-‬أ‪..?
C‬‬ ‫ن ه)ا ‪ N ِ1‬ا ‪ِ .g‬‬ ‫ف َأ ‬‫‪.P‬دي‪ :‬هَ'ْ &َ‪ُ
ِ ْ%‬‬
‫ب ا
ا‪ َِIِF‬ا ‪ ِِL.%‬ا ‪.َِg‬‬ ‫‪ :5
P‬ه ‪ ِْC‬أ ‪ِ .4‬‬
‫‪26‬‬
 .‫ِ ًا‬E ٌ‫ل‬gْ%َC‫ و‬+ l gِIْ/َC ‫ ه)ا‬. ُF b :‫دي‬.P
.+l َ4َT dُ َ2َُْC ./‫ أ‬،+gَj .
()َ& :5
P
.ٌ‫ِْ
اض‬A‫ي ا‬/ِA c َ َ ‫ و‬،َBِ ‫ف ذ‬ ُ
ِ ْA‫ أ‬.‫ أ‬..ً %4َR :‫دي‬.P
.َِِL.% ‫` ا‬ ِ 
َR َْA HN َِ ‫ َد ًة‬.A ‫ج‬ ُ ‫وا‬M ‫ وا‬:5
P
‫ ِربَ؟‬.T‫ب أو …َ ُ
أ‬ ُ ‫ ِر‬.T‫ أ‬:‫دي‬.P
.‫ َء‬.>َ2 ‫َ ُه)ا ا‬Xَ ‫ ا‬،ٍ‫ل‬. ' ] ُ( _A .ْHَ%َ :5
P
‫ِً؟‬L.A ًXَ ‫ن‬ ُ ?ََ :‫دي‬.P
.‫ ِء‬.Tِْj,‫ ا‬r ُ ْ%َF‫ و‬:5
P
‫ ِ\ٌ؟‬./ُC ‫ري‬Uُ ‫ن‬  ‫ِ ُ أ‬gَْ%َ& ْ'َ‫ ه‬:‫دي‬.P
.ٌMMَA ٌ5َ1 0َ ‫ أ‬B َ ِ ‫ق َذ‬ َ َ-‫ و‬.َِِL.% ‫ِْ ا‬C 0 َ ‫ أ‬..ً %ْ4َR :5
P
‫\؟‬َ َ‫\ َأنْ &َ)ه‬ N ُِ& _َC :‫دي‬.P
.Bَ ِgِP +- +gََ/َ ‫ و‬،ََ/ِC.: ‫ََ ا‬A.> ‫ ا‬:5
P
.‫ك‬
َ ‫ ِر‬.u‫ ا‬+- ‫ًا‬Mِ‫ه‬.E ‫ن‬ ُ (9 :‫دي‬.P
.‫ ِء‬.g] ‫ إ _ ا‬:5
P
(Sharif and Shaadi arrive at Wasim’s house and meet other people)
..?
C‫ِْ أ‬C ‫دي‬.P +gَj Hُ?َ ‫َ ] َم‬T‫ أنْ ُا‬+ ‫َا‬2 ‫ إ‬:5
P
!./ْ-
 َGَ& ،ًْ$َ ‫ و‬ ً ْ‫ أه‬:d2 ‫أ‬
.‫
ًا‬:َ‫ آ‬B َ /َA 5
َP +َ
َ4Y‫ أ‬:H ‫و‬
!ٍ %َ ‫ ٍد‬C ُ A :‫دي‬.P
.Bَ َِF +- B َ ‫ُ َ
أ‬%ْGَ& ْ‫ َأن‬Eْ‫ وأر‬،َ‫ ِرك‬Uُِ ‫ُ„
ًا‬P :H ‫و‬
.Bَ ِC
َ َ„ِ ‫ُ„
ًا‬P :‫دي‬.P
‫؟‬5
P ŒA 0 َ -
َ%َ& ŒَC :H ‫و‬
..ً%ِْ2ُC .ًTَ‫ و‬.ً %َC ./َUَT .‫س‬b‫ِ دا‬/َC +- ‫ن‬ َ .‫ آ‬.Cَ/ِA :‫دي‬.P
‫ َ
قُ؟‬% ‫
ُة وا‬4 ‫ ا‬ َ ‫ أ‬:‫دل‬.A
.ُ ِ ‫ ا ا‬B َ ُ%َ2ْ>َ !‫دِل‬.A . ْ0ُ„ْ ‫ ُأ‬:H ‫و‬
!ٌ
ْC‫ْ
ٌ و…ًَا َأ‬2َY ‫ أ َ َم‬:‫دل‬.A
!i‫ ا‬B َ ََUَ- ،./ََْUَ- !ْ0ُ„ْ ‫ ُأ‬:5
P
27
 ‫ُ؟‬Uَg ‫ ا‬+َ ‫ ه‬.C :‫دي‬.P
.‫ِ ًا‬E ٌ]َُC H ‫ ووا ُ و‬،‫ْ
ًا‬2َY ُ 
ُ ‫دل‬.A :5
P
!‫ ٍم‬.C‫ِ إ‬F ٍ dِC.E '
ُ :ِC
ٍ ْ2َY ِF ٌَXَ :‫دل‬.A
.ُ %َF .2- ‫ر‬.4ِ \ ُ َ‫َ)ه‬/َ !‫دل‬.A . ًَ-.pَ ŒXَ‫ آ‬:5
P
(Wasim’s sister, Fatin, approaches Shaadi and talks to him)
.H ‫ و‬0 ُ Y‫ ُأ‬،ِ&.- .‫ أ‬:ِ&.-
.‫دي‬.P .‫ أ‬،./-
َGَ& :‫دي‬.P
.ِF
َ َ% .F ‫ ا „َ َم‬0 َ ْ2َ%َ&  َ ‫ أ‬:ِ&.-
.ِF
َ% .ِF +%َC ‫ن‬
ِ .2„ََ‫ و‬Iْ>َِ- ِْC +F‫ وَأ‬+]C‫ ُأ‬..„
C‫ أ‬+- ‫ت‬ ُ ِْ ‫ ُو‬+
l F
َ َA .‫ أ‬:‫دي‬.P
.B
َ ِْ‫ِْ أه‬C َF
َ َ% ‫ ا‬0 َ 2َ%َ& ْ‫ إ َذن‬:ِ&.-
.َِ%ِC. ‫ ا‬+-
ُ َYŠ‫ ا‬r ُ %َ4 ‫ وا‬0 ِ َ4 ‫ ا‬+- .$ُUْ%َF :‫دي‬.P
!‫َ]ًا‬E َFَ
َ% ‫ ا‬Hُ َ„ََ& 0
َ ‫ أ‬:ِ&.-
.B
ِ ِXْIُ ِْC ‫ هَ)ا‬،ً‫ُ„
ا‬P :‫دي‬.P
.cُF‫ْ
ا‬R B َ َْ4َA‫ أ‬i‫ َء ا‬.P ْ‫ إن‬:ِ&.-
."yَ/َC Œْ‫ أ‬cُF‫ْ
ا‬R" ‫ن‬ َ N/ُ& Hُ‫ أ‬:‫دي‬.P
‫ََ؟‬/ْ…,ُ ‫ ا‬Qِ )‫ ه‬0َ %ِ2َ  َ ‫ أ‬:ِ&.-
‫؟‬.„
ْC‫ أ‬+- ‫ن‬َ .‫ آ‬.Cَ/ِA .$]/َُ 5
P ‫ن‬ َ .‫ آ‬:‫دي‬.P
‫؟‬.„
C‫ إ Œ أ‬dُ ِEْ
ََ ŒَC :ِ&.-
!i‫ َء ا‬.P ْ‫ إن‬،ِ
$G ‫َِ ه)ا ا‬.$ِ +- :‫دي‬.P
!dَ ِEْ
َ& ْ‫' أن‬ َ 4َT ًَ. .ْ‫ل ُزر‬ َ .%َ& :ِ&.-
!i‫ِذن ِا‬F :‫دي‬.P
(Fatin moves on to talk with other guests. Sharif goes back to talk with Shaadi)
.H ‫ و‬0 ُ Y‫ أ‬،ِ&.- Qِ )‫ ه‬:5
P
‫ٌ؟‬FIْpَC !‫ل‬ِ .2َ ‫َُ ا‬%ِL‫ٌ را‬0ْ/ِF +‫ ه‬:‫دي‬.P
.ٌ0ْ/ِF‫ و‬+l 4َj .$ ‫ و‬،ٌَE‫ ]و‬Mَ َُC ٌ‫ َ] َة‬+‫ ه‬:5
P
!.$ُg]-َ  i‫ أ‬:‫دي‬.P
!‫ل‬ِ َ ‫ ا‬0
ِ ْ/ِ4ِF 0
َ ْ‫ أ‬B
َ ُg]-َ  i‫ أ‬:5
P
28
 !‫ ِء‬.2> ‫ب ا‬
ِ .F Œ ‫ إ‬B
َ ِ2َ- ِْC :‫دي‬.P

Questions about the text /0‫ل ا‬-, 45#‫أ‬

Answer the following questions.
‫َ\ِ؟‬% .F ‫دي‬.P
َ َ%َP ‫ذا‬.2 .1
‫؟‬5
ِ a ‫ ا‬+- N َ ‫ن ا‬ ُ „َ 5 َ َ‫ آ‬.2
‫ ا َ َم؟‬Bَ ِ ‫ن َذ‬
َ .‫َْ آ‬C ‫ ُد‬C ُ A .3
‫؟‬5
ِ a ‫َِ ا‬.$ِ +- ‫ج‬ ُ ‫ و‬Mََ َْC .4
‫ َدةً؟‬.A +
] F
َ َ% ‫ ا‬Hِ َ .% ‫ ا‬+- ‫ج‬ ُ ‫وا‬M ‫ ا‬HN َ 5
َ َ‫ آ‬.5
‫َ؟‬0ُ„ْ>َ ْ‫دل أن‬.A ِْC H ‫\ و‬ َ R ‫ذا‬.2ِ .6
‫ًَ؟‬FIْpَC &.- ْ0َ.‫ هِ'ْ آ‬.7
‫؟‬5
P ŒA ‫دي‬.P ‫ف‬ َ
 َ%& ŒC .8

Functional Expression 4َ678‫رات ا‬:6‫أ‬

‫؟‬l‫د‬.E 0 َ ‫هَ'ْ أ‬ Are you serious?

!Bَ ُ‫ـ‬g]‫ـ‬-َ i
ُ ‫أ‬ May God bless you with good luck!
!i‫ ا‬B َ ََUَ‫ـ‬- May God expose you!
!i‫ ا‬B َ َ‫ـ‬uِXَ May God protect you!
.ٌ‫ِ
اض‬A‫ي ا‬/ِA c َ َ‫ ـ‬ I have no objection.
!Bِ ِXIُ‫ِْ ـ‬C ‫ه)ا‬ This is very kind of you!
!'ُ ُE‫ َر‬. i َ ‫ْ ا‬5َY Fear God, man!
!ً -.pَ ŒX‫آ‬ Stop this nonsense!
!‫ ِء‬.2> ‫ب ا‬ ِ .F Œ ‫ إ‬Bَ ِ2َ‫ـ‬- ِْC From your mouth to the gate of heaven!
(May God hear your prayers!)
!i.F Hُ ِ>T‫ُأ‬ I swear by God!
!i‫ن ا‬
ِ ‫ِذ‬F With God permission!

29
 !‫ ٍء‬+َP ‫ب‬ُ
َ ْ…‫ه)ا َأ‬ This is the strangest thing!
!ٌ%َ ‫ ٍد‬C ُ A Happy Birthday!
‫ب‬
ِ .4G ‫ ا‬MN ِA peak of youth
.‫ك‬
َ ‫ ِر‬.u‫ ا‬+- ‫ًا‬Mِ‫ه‬.E ‫ن‬
ُ (9 I should be ready and waiting for you.
ُ %َF .2- later
!‫ن‬ِ .g ‫ ا‬N ِ1 ‫ه)ا‬ This is against law!
........ ْ‫ُ  أن‬F b It is necessary that ……. (verb)

Vocabulary List ‫ ا=<دات‬4=7)

َ ُ4َ‫آـ‬ to grow up, get bigger

‫ج‬ َ
 َpَ‫&ـ‬ to graduate
h َ َUَ‫ـ‬- to expose, uncover, scandalize

' َ َa‫إ&ـ‬ to contact

0
ُ 2ُ‫ـ‬T I got up, stood up
+gَ‫ـَـ‬ we meet

+„َ he speaks, talks

HN َِ to be completed, finished

‫ـَ ] ُم‬Tُ‫ا‬ I introduce

ُ ُ%P‫أ‬ I feel, sense

‫َا‬2ْ ‫إ‬ You (pm) allow ...!

!ْ0ُ„ْ ‫ُأ‬ You be quiet, shut up!

ْ
‫&ـَ)آـ‬ You remember!

ٌَ‫ـ‬Xَ party

ٌ‫َ َ
ق‬A Arak (local 90% alcohol drink)

ٌ
ْ2َY alcohol

Hl َA paternal uncle
+
l 4َj boy

30
 ٌَ‫ِـ‬L.A family
ٌ‫م‬.C‫إ‬ Imam, religious leader

ٌdِC.E mosque

ٌ‫ن‬.T law
ٌdَ2َ‫ُْـ‬C society
ٌَ‫ـ‬IِF‫ را‬tie, bond
ٌcgَ‫ـ‬R weather, climate
l َE weather, climate

ٌHَ‫ ـ‬.A world

ٌ‫ر‬.6 ruins, historical sites

ٌَ َ /َ‫ ه‬engineering
ٌ‫ِ
اض‬A‫ إ‬objection
+l َ4َ‫ـ‬T tribal
ٌdِL.P common, popular

ٌ‫ل‬4gَC acceptable

‫د‬l .E serious
N ِ1 contrary to, against

ٌ]َ َ‫ُـ‬C pious, religious

ٌَE‫ ]و‬Mَ َ‫ُـ‬C married

ٌَFIْpَC engaged
ٌَ%ِL‫ را‬gorgeous, magnificent, splendid
ٌ‫ل‬gْ%َC reasonable
ٌdِْ2ُC enjoyable

31
Grammar
ِ‫ا‬->‫ا‬
1. Comparative and superlative forms of Arabic adjectives are the same except that the
comparative form is placed between the two nouns you are comparing, and is always
followed by the preposition ِْC

.ِ‫ـ‬g‫ـ‬G ‫ِْ ا‬C

ُ َ4‫ أآ‬0
ُ َ4 ‫أ‬ The house is bigger than the apartment.

The superlative form precedes the noun it describes.

.َِ‫ـ‬/َ2 ‫ ا‬+- 0
ٍ َF
ُ َ4‫ه)ا أآ‬ This is the biggest house in town.

You must have noticed that the adjective

ُ َ4ْ‫أآـ‬ is used in both sentences.

2. You can make comparative and superlative forms by dropping the long medial vowel
and prefixing ‫أ‬ to the adjective.
ٌ
4َ‫آـ‬ becomes
ُ َ4‫أآ‬
ٌ
َj becomes
ُ َ‫ـ‬j‫أ‬

If the second and third radical consonants are identical, you need to use Shadda (the
double letter diacritic) as in:
ٌَE becomes N َE‫أ‬
ٌ))َ‫ ـ‬ becomes N )َ‫أ ـ‬
If the medial long vowel is ‫ا‬ , this Alif moves to the end and takes the shape of Alif
Maqsura ‫ى‬ as in:

ٍ ‫ل‬.A becomes ŒA‫أ‬

‫ل‬
ٍ .… becomes Œ…‫أ‬

By the way, ٍ ‫ل‬.A means “high” and ٍ ‫ل‬.… means “expensive.”

Comparative and superlative forms of Arabic adjectives do not distinguish number or
gender. In other words, they are gender and number blind!

Verb Conjugation ‫ل‬6 @‫ ا‬ABCَ‫ـ‬D

32
1. The following verbs are in the past tense and conjugated to the singular pronouns:
‫أ‬ E
َ ‫أ‬ E
ِ ‫أ‬ -‫ه‬ ‫ه‬

َ ُ4َ‫آـ‬ ‫ت‬
ُ ْ
ُ4َ‫آـ‬ ‫ت‬
َ ْ
ُ4َ‫آـ‬ ‫ت‬
ِ ْ
ُ4َ‫آـ‬
َ ُ4َ‫آـ‬ ْ‫ُ َ
ت‬4َ‫آـ‬
‫ج‬َ
 َpَ‫&ـ‬ 0
ُ ْE
 َpَ‫ &ـ‬0
َ ْE
 َpَ‫&ـ‬ 0
ِ ْE
 َpَ‫&ـ‬ ‫ج‬
َ
 َpَ‫&ـ‬ ْ0َE
 َpَ‫&ـ‬
hَ َUَ‫ـ‬- 0
ُ َْUَ‫ـ‬- 0 َ َْUَ‫ـ‬- 0
ِ َْUَ‫ـ‬- h
َ َUَ‫ـ‬- ْ0ََUَ‫ـ‬-
‫ـَ  َم‬T 0
ُ ْC َ‫ـ‬T 0
َ ْC َ‫ـ‬T 0
ِ ْC َ‫ـ‬T ‫ـَ  َم‬T ْ0َC َ‫ـ‬T

2. The following verbs are in the present tense and conjugated to the plural pronouns:
2
ُ Mَ‫ـ‬ (ُ‫أـ‬ 2
 ُ‫أـ‬ (ُ‫ه‬ 2
 ُ‫ه‬
Œgَ‫إ ـ‬ +gَ‫ـَـ‬ ‫ن‬
َ gَ‫&ـَـ‬ 
َ gَ‫&ـَـ‬ ‫ن‬
َ gَ‫َـ‬ 
َ gَ‫َـ‬
Œَ‫َ„ـ‬ +َ‫ـَْ„ـ‬ ‫ن‬
َ „َْ‫&ـ‬ 
َ „َْْ‫&ـ‬ ‫ن‬
َ „َْ 
َ „َْ

َ َ%َP
ُ ُ%ْGَ‫ن ـ‬
َ ‫ُ
و‬%ْGَ‫&ـ‬ ‫ن‬
َ ْ
ُ%ْGَ‫&ـ‬ ‫ن‬
َ ‫ُ
و‬%ْGَ ‫ن‬
َ ْ
ُ%ْGَ
'َ َa‫إ&ـ‬ '
ُ ِa‫ن ـَـ‬ َ ِa‫&ـَـ‬ 
َ ْ‫ِـ‬a‫&ـَـ‬ ‫ن‬
َ ِa‫َـ‬ 
َ ْ‫ِـ‬a‫َـ‬

3. The following verbs are in the imperative form and conjugated to the second person
pronouns:

E
ِ ‫أ‬ E
ِ ‫أ‬ 2
 ُ‫أـ‬ (ُ‫أـ‬
0
َ َ‫ َ„ـ‬ ْ0ُ‫إ ْ„ـ‬ +ُ‫إ ْ„ـ‬ 
َ ْ‫إ ْ„ـُـ‬ ‫إ ْ„ـُا‬
‫ل‬
َ .%َ‫&ـ‬ ‫ل‬
َ .%َ‫&ـ‬ + .%َ‫&ـ‬ 
َ  .%َ‫&ـ‬ ‫ ا‬.%َ‫&ـ‬

Drill #1 ‫ ا@ول‬2B=‫أ‬

Use the words and phrases in the Vocabulary List in good sentences:

Drill #2 G‫ ا‬2B=‫أ‬

Please choose the correct options:

33
 !ٌdِL‫' را‬
َ ْ‫آـ‬,‫ن ا‬
 ‫ أ‬+/ْ‫ـ‬T]َj .1
The sentence implies that you want to ........ a friend.
a. visit
b. invite
c. convince

.+
] Fَ
َ% ‫ ِا‬Hَ‫ ـ‬.% ‫ ا‬+-ٌ2ِ‫ـ‬$ُC (ُ L.% ‫ ُ ا‬Iِ‫ـ‬F‫)ا
ا‬ .2
The emphasis in this sentence is put on:
a. the family ties
b. the Arab World
c. the Arab family

!Hَ‫ ـ‬+gَj .............. ْ‫ أن‬+ ‫َا‬2ْ ‫إ‬ .3

You want to introduce your friend, Najm to the rest of your friends. Which verb is correct
in this context?
‫ـَ ] َم‬Tُ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ +gَ‫ ـَـ‬.‫ب‬
َ ‫ أ&ـَ)آـ‬.‫أ‬

.ٌ‫ل‬gْ%َC ‫ه)ا رأي‬ .4

You were pleased with the idea your friend had come up with but you need to replace
the adjective with one of the following. Which?
+
l gِI/َC .‫ت‬ ٌ
IَY .‫ب‬ ٌ\
َ‫ …ـ‬.‫أ‬

.ٍَA. '
َ ْ4َ‫ـ‬Tِ ‫ـم‬/ ‫ِْ ا‬C 0
ُ ْ2ُ‫ـ‬T .5
The sentence says that:
a. I slept for an hour.
b. I will sleep within an hour.
c. I got up from sleep an hour ago.

. ...................... ُy‫ـ‬,
َ 2َp ‫ب ا‬
ُ
َ Gَِ b .‫ه‬Y‫أ‬ .6
You are talking about a Muslim family with which you spent a weekend. You wanted to
say something about your friend’s brother. Please, choose the proper adjective.

34
 ٌ]ُC .‫ت‬ ٌ‫ز‬.2ُC .‫ب‬ ٌ5pَ .‫أ‬

.ِXَ ‫ ا‬0

َ Tَ‫ف و‬
َ
ْ%/ِ ./ِgَaF ./َa‫إ&ـ‬ .7
We contacted our friend to find out:
a. the time of the party
b. if there was a party after all
c. who was coming to the party

.‫ل‬.g&
ُ4 ‫ َ
ا‬aَA ‫ن‬
َ F
َ Gَ‫ &ـ‬Hُ‫ـ‬/ُ‫آـ‬ .8
The implied subject in this sentence corresponds to the personal pronoun in option .... .

Hُ‫ أـ‬.‫ت‬ 
 ُ‫ أـ‬.‫ب‬ Hُ‫ ه‬.‫أ‬

.‫ردٌ ا  َم‬.F (c
ُ g‫ـ‬I ‫)أ‬ .9
The synonym of the word which is between parentheses is in:
N َ ‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ ‫ض‬
ُ ‫ِْ
ا‬Av‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ن‬
ُ .g ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

.ِy]2َA 0
َ /F ٌ2ُC ./ُ‫ـ‬gَj ‫ج‬
َ ‫ و‬Mَ َ‫&ـ‬ .10
This sentence says that our friend, Mohammed, has married:
a. my cousin
b. his cousin
c. our cousin

.\
ِ َ%‫ ـ‬.F
ُ ُ%P‫ أ‬0
ُ ‫ ز‬.C .11
A friend says a sentence like this to you. Therefore, she/he needs to:
a. eat b. rest c. drink

.ِ ‫ِ
اق‬% ‫ ا‬+- ٍ/َC ......... ‫ا ُد‬F .12
You want to say that Baghdad is the biggest city in Iraq. Which option you need to
choose?

35

ُ َ4‫ أآ‬.‫ت‬ ‫َ َ
ُة‬4‫ أآ‬.‫ب‬ ٌ‫
ة‬4َ‫ آـ‬.‫أ‬

.‫ـِ ًا‬E ................... ............... ْ0.‫هَ'ْ آ‬ .13

Arabic grammar rules do accept only option:

ٍَ%ِ2ُC ِXَْ ‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ ٌَ%ِْ2ُC َ Xَ ‫ أ‬.‫َ ً ب‬%ِْ2ُC ُ Xْ ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

. ........... ‫ ِد‬2 ‫ ِ ا‬A .......... ‫ن‬

‫إ‬ .14
The Arabic grammar rules allow the pair of words in option ... to be used in this context.
ٍL.A -ُ Xَ .‫ت‬ ً L.A - ِXَ .‫ب‬ ٌL.A -َ Xَ .‫أ‬

.ِ ‫ن‬.g ‫ ا‬N ِ1 ٌ'َ2َA َِ .]> ‫َْ ا‬A ‫أ „ ُم‬ .15

You would use this sentence to
a. warn someone
b. thank someone
c. encourage someone

!ً َ‫ـ‬-.pَ ŒXَ‫ آـ‬:‫

َا‬Y‫ أ‬Hُ$ 0
ُ ُ‫ـ‬T .16
You can tell that when I said this sentence to my Arab friends I was:
a. sad b. upset c. happy

‫ـَ
َ؟‬Y6 .ًsP (+„َ‫\ أنْ )&ـ‬
N ُِ‫هَ'ْ &ـ‬ .17
You want to use the synonym of the verb that is between parentheses. Which one
would you choose?
‫ل‬
َ gَ‫ &ـ‬.‫ت‬ '
َ ُ‫آـ‬9& .‫ب‬ \
َ ُ‫ـْـ‬Iَ‫ &ـ‬.‫أ‬

‫َِ؟‬%ِC. ‫ ِ ا‬Hََ%ْ‫ـ‬IَC +- B
ِ ُ‫َـ‬F.T +/‫ أـ‬
َ 
‫هَ'ْ &ـَـَ)آـ‬ .18
The pronouns which are used as a subject and an object for the verbs of this complex
sentence correspond to the pair in:
.‫ أ‬-0
ِ ‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ 0
ِ ‫ أ‬-0
ِ ‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ 0
ِ ‫ أ‬-.‫ أ‬.‫أ‬
36
 !B
ِ ِXIُ‫Œ ـ‬A ‫ُ„
ًا‬P .19
This sentence means:
a. Thank you for your help
b. Thank you for your kindness.
c. Thank you for all the information

../ُ‫ َزةٌ ه‬.2ُCَ َCِْp ‫ن ا‬

 ‫ إ‬،(B
َ َ%َC `
N َ ‫)أ‬ .20
The phrase between parentheses means:
a. You are right.
b. Nobody is right.
c. I know I am right

.+
] C v‫ ا‬+
] F
َ َ% ‫ ا‬dَ2ُ2 ‫ ا‬+- ٌ‫ل‬4gَC ........... ............ .21
You want to state a fact that can only be found in Arab and Islamic societies. Option ...
should be your choice.
‫ب‬
ِ ‫ر‬.T,‫ج ا‬
ُ ‫ زَوا‬.‫ت‬ ‫ ِء‬.Tِj,‫ج ا‬
ُ ‫ زَوا‬.‫ب‬ ‫ب‬
ِ .4G ‫ج ا‬
ُ ‫ زَوا‬.‫أ‬

.ِِL.% ‫ـَ

` ِا‬R َْA HN ُ‫ج َـ‬
َ ‫وا‬M ‫ن ا‬
 ‫ِ ُ أ‬gA‫أ‬ .22
We are talking about:

a. arranged marriage
b. marriage among relatives
c. marriage among teenagers

.]  ‫\ ا‬
ِ َ4َ>ِ‫ـ‬F ............ ‫ل‬
ُ .%N> ‫أ‬ .23
You want to say that coughing (as a result of cold) is common because of the weather.
Which of the following adjectives is suitable in this context?
ٌdِL.P .‫ت‬ ٌ‫ل‬4gَC .‫ب‬ ٌdِL‫ را‬.‫أ‬

.B
َ ِْY‫ِْ أ‬C
ُ َ4‫ أآ‬+ْY‫أ‬ .24
37
The sentence says that:

a. your sister is older than mine

b. my sister is older than yours

c. the two are the same age

.0
ِ Tَ ‫' ا‬
 ُ‫ر آـ‬l . ِ َ‫َـ‬4 ‫ ه)ا ا‬+- (N َ ‫)أ‬ .25
You need to use the synonym of the word that is between parentheses. Which one
would you choose?
‫هِ َ
ُة‬.‫ـ‬u ‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ c
ُ g‫ـ‬I ‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ‫أ َ ُم‬.‫أ‬

Drill # 3 HG‫ ا‬2B=‫أ‬

a. Vowel the underlined words:
.ِ dِC. ‫ِْ ا‬C \
T +gَj 0F ‫ن‬ ‫لإ‬ َ .T .1
..$]2َAِ Fb FIpC ‫
ة‬4„ ‫ ا‬y‫ـ‬Y‫ْ أ‬0.‫ آ‬.2
.L.% ‫
` ِا‬R َْA HN َ +] F
% ‫ ا‬H .% ‫ ا‬+- ‫واج‬M ‫ن ا‬  ‫ إ‬.3
.‫رد‬.F  ‫ن ا‬ ‫ُ ُ
أ‬%P‫ أ‬0
ُ ِ‫ ز‬.C .4
!-.pَ ŒX‫ آ‬،ِ ‫س‬.‫ـ‬/ ‫م‬.Cv‫ل ا‬ َ .T .5

b. Provide the correct forms for the group of words between parentheses:
.‫ك‬
ِ .4N‫ـ‬G ‫ِْ ا‬C ٌَ4
T (+‫ ه‬+ ‫ن‬  ,)َ  ‫و‬.I ‫ ا‬Q)‫ ه‬.
ْY‫ إ‬.1
..ًU‫هِ َ
َة أ‬.g ‫ن ا‬
َ ‫ورو‬Mَ ‫ا‬.‫( آ‬H‫ ه‬+ ‫ن‬  ,) +L.Tِْj‫ أ‬0 ُ َF.T .2
.`K  ŒA (  ُ‫ ه‬+ ‫ن‬  ‫ِ ُ )إ‬gA‫ أ‬b (.‫ أ‬+ ‫ن‬ ‫ )إ‬،dِ ِT‫ ا ا‬+- .3
.ٍَA. ‫ل‬ َ ِY ‫ت‬ ِ .4‫ـ‬I ‫ِ ُ
ا‬Uُ‫ـ‬/َ (ُ  + ‫ن‬  ‫ )إ‬:ُy ‫ ا‬.T .4

c. Give the antonyms of the underlined words, then translate the sentences:
.‫رع‬.‫ـ‬G ‫ ه)ا ا‬+- 0 ٍ َF
ُ ْj‫ أ‬./ُ‫َـ‬F .1
!+َE‫ ِد زو‬C َ A 0 ُ > .2
.َ ‫ذ‬. ,‫ِ ُ
ا‬u/ 
ُ ‫ و‬0
ِ T ‫' ا‬  ُ‫ آـ‬./ْ‫ َ„ـَـ‬.3
38
 .ََ ‫ ا‬+‫ِ
ا‬T‫ـِا ا‬4َ‫ـ‬T .4

d. Give the synonyms of the underlined words, then translate the sentences:
.ِ0َ4 ‫ ا‬+- cَ  Qُ َ ‫ن وا‬
 ‫ل ا َ ُ إ‬
َ .T .1
‫ِ؟‬5a ‫ل ا‬ َ ِY ‫َا َد‬F +- N َ ‫ن ا‬ ُ „َ 5 َ ‫ آ‬.2
.c‫ر‬.F +- +ِL.A ' َ F.T‫\ أنْ ا‬ ُ َ .3
.ُyُ‫ِـ‬j ْ0َ‫ـ‬/>َ‫Œ Œ &ـ‬XG>ُ2 ‫ ا‬+- +Y‫ أ‬+ َ gَF .4
e. Rearrange the following groups of words to make good sentences:

Hُ ‫َ„ـَـ‬ 
َ ]ُ2 ‫ ِ ا‬dِC. ‫' ا‬ َ ُE
 ‫ ا‬dَ C ِ ‫م‬.C‫ت إ‬ُ ْ‫ه‬.P .1
 ُFb ‫هِ َ
َة‬.g ‫ ا‬B َ ِِL.A ْ‫أن‬ dَ C ‫و َر‬Mَ‫ &ـ‬.2
0
ُ Tَ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬
َ .‫ ًا آ‬E َِ2g ‫ ا‬.ً%ِ2ُC ِ ‫ر‬.Š‫ا‬ +- ‫ َر ِة‬.‫ ز‬.3
ِ ‫م‬.‫أ‬ ُ )/ُC ِy]2َA 0
ُ /F ‫ب‬
ِ .4G ‫ٌَ ا‬FIpَC +gَaِ .4

Drill # 4 I"‫ اا‬2B=‫أ‬

Please choose the correct options and explain WHY:
. .......... ِ‫د‬%> ‫ ا‬+- c
َ  :+
N َ „ ‫ ا‬./ُ4ِ.j ‫ل‬
َ .T .1
Our Kuwaiti friend was talking about tourism in Saudi Arabia. Which option is
acceptable to the Arabic grammar rules?
ٍَ.ِ .‫ت‬ ً َ.ِ .‫ب‬ ٌَ.ِ .‫أ‬

!ً َ‫ـ‬-.pَ ŒX‫آ‬ .2
You would use this expression when someone is saying or doing something wrong.
Which of the following imperative verbs can send the same message.
‫ &ـَ)آـ
ي‬.‫ت‬ +4َ‫ إذه‬.‫ب‬ +ُ‫ ُأ ْ„ـ‬.‫أ‬
. ................ ٌdَ2ُْC +
N Fَ
َ% ‫ ا‬dُ َ2ُْ2 ‫أ‬ .3
Only one of the following adjectives can be used to describe the Arab society. Which?
+
l . .‫ت‬ +
l َ4َ‫ـ‬T .‫ب‬ +
l L.A .‫أ‬

39
 ٌ‫َ َ
ق‬A ،ٌ)4َ‫ ـ‬،ٌ‫ َ
ة‬F .4
These words can be related to the concept in option:
ٌَ َ /َ‫ ه‬.‫ت‬ ٌdَ2ُْC .‫ب‬ ٌ
ْ2َY .‫أ‬

.‫َْا َد‬F ِْC ............. ِ ‫ِ

اق‬% ‫ ا‬+- ‫ْ َ
ِة‬aَ4 ‫ ُ ا‬/َC .5
You wanted to say that Basrah is older than Baghdad (both cities in Iraq). Option ...... is
the correct alternative.
‫ َ ُم‬T‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ ٌَC] gُC .‫ب‬ ٌَ2T .‫أ‬

..„
C‫ أ‬+-ِ ‫ن‬.g ‫ ا‬.............. ‫ب‬
ِ ‫ ِر‬.T,‫ج ا‬
ُ ‫َزوا‬ .6
Only one word can be used to fill in the blank. Which?
ٌdِْ2ُC .‫ت‬ N ِ1 .‫ب‬ +
l َ4T .‫أ‬

. .................. ِ ‫واج‬M ‫ ا‬......... ‫ن‬

 ‫ِ ُ أ‬gْA‫أ‬ .7
The Arabic grammar rules only allow the pair of words in option ... to be used to fill in
the blanks.
ً j.Y – َِ‫ـ‬Xَ .‫ت‬ ٍj.Y – ُ َ‫ـ‬Xَ .‫ب‬ ٌj.Y – َ َ‫ـ‬Xَ .‫أ‬

‫
ِ؟‬4„ ‫ ِا‬dِC. ‫ ا‬.............. 0
َ َF.T ْ'َ‫ه‬ .8
Which of the following words can be used to make the question correct?
‫ ُم‬.C‫ إ‬.‫ت‬ ‫ َم‬.C‫ إ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ َم‬.C‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

.+
] F
% ‫ ِا‬H .% ‫ ا‬+- ..............ُ ِL.% ‫ـَ ُا‬Iِ‫ـ‬F‫أ
ا‬ .9
Which of the following adjectives can be used to fill in the blank?
ٌ2$ُC .‫ت‬ ٌَ4
َ‫ـ‬T .‫ب‬ ٌ gْ%َC .‫أ‬

. .......... ‫ن‬
َ .‫ف إنْ آ‬
ُ
ِ ْA‫ أ‬b‫ و‬.ً4
َ… .ً sَP +Y‫ل أ‬
َ .T .10
40
My brother has said something strange, I do not know if he was .... .
‫ دًا‬.E .‫ت‬ .ً %ِL.P .‫ب‬ ‫ًا‬Mِ‫ه‬.E .‫أ‬

!‫ء‬.2> ‫ب ا‬
ِ .F Œ ‫ إ‬B
َ ِ2َ‫ـ‬- ِْC .11
You would use this expression if you were:
a. mad at someone’s comment
b. happy with someone’s comment
c. indifferent at someone’s comment

!‫ب‬
ِ .4G ‫ ا‬M] A +- 0
َ ‫أ‬ .12
You have just visited your physician and he told you something you wanted to share
with your friend. The physician meant to say that:

a. you have a winter cold

b. you have high temperature
c. you are at the peak of youth

.‫ن‬
َ Š‫' ا‬
َ 4T ./َF.g& ./‫ أ&)آـ ُ
أـ‬b .13
The sentence says that:
a. I remember we met ....
b. I remember we didn’t meet ...
c. I don’t remember that we met ...

.‫ت‬
ٍ ‫ا‬/َ ُ )/ُC َِ%ِC. ‫َِ ا‬4?َC +- ٌX‫ َ‰ـ‬C ............... .14
Which of the following pronouns cannot be used in this context?
+
َ ‫ ه‬.‫ت‬ 0
َ ‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ .‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

..$]2َAِ ْFb ً َFIْpَC ‫ َ

ُة‬4„ ‫ُ ا‬yُ‫ـ‬Y‫ْ أ‬0.‫آ‬ .15
The possessive pronouns expressed in this sentence are in option ... .
+‫ ه‬- +‫ ه‬.‫ت‬ ‫ ه‬- +‫ ه‬.‫ب‬ +‫ ه‬-‫ ه‬.‫أ‬

41
 .c‫ر‬.F +- +Y‫ وأ‬.$َ‫ِـَـ‬L.A '
َ F.T‫\ أنْ أ‬
ُ َ .16
The subject corresponds to option .................
.‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ +‫ ه‬.‫ب‬ ‫ ه‬.‫أ‬

. ............. ‫ي‬/ِA c
َ  ُy‫ إـ‬+
] Rْ
NGِ 0
ُ ُ‫ـ‬T .17
You mean to tell the policeman that you have no objection that he checks your college
I.D. Option .... would be proper for use in this situation.
ٌَ‫ـ‬Iِ‫ـ‬F‫ را‬.‫ت‬ ٌ‫ِ
اض‬A‫ إ‬.‫ب‬ ٌ‫ن‬.T .‫أ‬

.ٍَ‫ـ‬/َ ُ )/ُC ْ0ّE

 َpَ‫ َ َ َو&ـ‬/َ$ ‫ ا‬.$ُ‫ـ‬gَj ْ0َ ‫َد َر‬ .18
This sentence implies that her friend:
a. has graduated
b. did not finish her school
c. will finish her studies in a year

.ِ ‫ح‬.4a ‫ ا‬+-ِ cْC‫ َ َم أ‬.$َِ‫ِـ‬L.%ِ‫ـ‬F ْ0َ‫َـ‬a‫إ&ـ‬ .19

The sentence implies that I have ........ my friends’ family yesterday morning.
a. met
b. contacted
c. been introduced to

.(+
l 4َj) .$ ‫ٌَو‬E‫ ]و‬Mَ ُC +]2َA 0
ُ /ِ‫ـ‬F .20
The word between parentheses can be replaced by the word in option .... .
ٌ‫ زوج‬.‫ت‬ ٌ0/F .‫ب‬ ٌ َ‫ و‬.‫أ‬

.ٍَ‫ـ‬/َ>ِ‫ـ‬F ‫ْي‬%َF َِ%ِC. ‫ِْ ا‬C +gَj ْ0َE

 َpَ‫&ـ‬ .21
Your friend was telling you about his girlfriend. He meant to say that:
a. he graduated after her
b. she graduated after him
c. they both graduated at the same time

42
 .5
ِ a ‫' ا‬
 ُ‫ر آ‬l . (c
ُ ْgI ‫)أ‬ .22
You want to impress your Arab friends by using the synonym of the word between
parentheses. Therefore, you would select option ... .
‫هِ َ
ُة‬.‫ـ‬u ‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ ‫ب‬
ُ .4G ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ N  ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

.B
َ ‫Œ رأ‬A ٌ‫ِْ
اض‬A‫ ا‬.َ/ِA c
َ َ‫ ـ‬:‫م‬.C” ‫س‬
ُ .‫ـ‬/ ‫ل ا‬
َ .T .23
The sentence implies that the people :
a. accepted his opinion
b. disagreed with the Imam
c. wanted some time to think

.+gَj Hُ$ ‫ـَ ] َم‬T‫ أنْ ا‬+ ........... .C .24

You were complaining about a bunch of noisy guys. Which of the following verbs can
be used to fill in the blank?
‫َا‬2َ .‫ت‬ ‫َا‬a‫ إ&ـ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ &َ)آـ
وا‬.‫أ‬

.ِ ‫دِم‬.g ‫ع ِا‬4 ,‫ ا‬+- .ْ‫ل ُزر‬

َ .%َ‫ &ـ‬:5
ِ ‫ـ‬Uِ ُ َE‫و‬M ‫ْ ا‬0 .T .25
What the wife meant to say was that:
a. they can visit you
b. you cannot visit them
c. you have a rather open invitation

Reading Exercise ‫ ا>اءة‬2B=D

Read the following words, phrases and sentences into your tape recorder, then listen to
them. Give the tape to your teacher to check your performance:

43
 ٌdِC.E B
َ ِ ‫ذ‬ ٌdِL.P ٌ‫ن‬.T ٌ‫ِ
اض‬A‫إ‬

َ ‫&َ)آ‬ +gََ ‫ج‬
َ
 َpَ& '
َ َa&‫إ‬ h
َ َUَ-
ٌ‫ل‬gْ%َC ٌ‫ِ
اح‬T‫إ‬ +
l َ4َT ٌd2َُْC ‫ ٍد‬C ُ ِA ٌِL.AٌXَ
.$]2َA 0ُ /ِF َُ2َg ‫ ُر ا‬.Š‫ب أ‬ ِ ‫ ِر‬.T,‫ج ا‬ ُ ‫ب زَوا‬ ِ .4G ‫ ا‬MN ِA
B
َ ِ ‫ق َذ‬
َ َ-‫َُ َ]ٌ و‬C ٌ'ُE‫َر‬
!ًَ-.pَ ŒXَ‫آ‬
!B
َ ِC
َ َ‫Œ آ‬A ‫ُ„ْ
ًا‬P
.\ِ َ% .F
ُ ُ%ْP‫ أ‬0ُ ِ‫ ز‬.C
.‫ل‬
ِ َ ‫ ا‬0 ِ /ِF ِ ‫َواج‬MِF i‫ ا‬B َ َ‫ـ‬g-‫َو‬
..$]2َA  ِ Fb ٌَFIpَC ِyِ&‫َا‬Y‫َ ُ
أ‬4ْ‫أآ‬
.َِِL.% ‫َ
` ِا‬R َْA ‫ َد ًة‬.A ‫ج‬ ُ ‫وا‬M ‫ ا‬HN َِ
..$ِ‫ِْ
ا‬T‫Œ ا‬A ٌ‫ِْ
اض‬A‫ي ا‬/ِA c َ َ
.َِXَ ‫ َ ا‬%َF ./ِgَj 0 ِ َF +- +gَ/َ
!‫ ِء‬.2> ‫ب ا‬ ِ .F Œ ‫ إ‬B َ ِ2َ- ِْC :‫ ُم‬.Cv‫ل ا‬ َ .T
.‫ب‬
ِ
َ َ% ‫ َ ا‬/ِA ‫ِ ًا‬E ٌC.‫ ُه‬L.% ‫َ ُا‬IِF‫أ
ا‬

Unit # 3 (3) ()‫

ة ر‬,-‫أ‬
Cathy is looking for an apartment in a low income section of Cairo that is not far
from AUC. She has read an ad in the newspaper and goes to the rental agency to
inquire about the apartment she would like to rent.

44
 ‫'؟‬
‫ أنْ أ&„ََ َ‪ dَ َC H‬ا َآ ِ‬ ‫آ‪ :+.‬هَ'ْ ‪ ِْC‬ا ‪ِ ِ„ْ2ُ2‬‬
‫'‪ ،+UَXَ& .‬إ‪!+>ُْE‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ ،ْHَ%َ :‬أ‪ .‬ا َآ ُ‬
‫ت ِ”‪ِ .‬ر‪.‬‬‫ ٍ‬‫ت إ‪ +- Hُ„َA‬ا َ
 َ ِة ‪ ََC A‬‬ ‫آ‪
„ُP :+.‬اً‪
T ،‬أ ُ‬
‫`‪.C .‬ذا &ُْ‪َ]4‬؟‬‫ت وا ‪ِ َgG‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪َ َA .َ /ِA ،ْHَ%َ :‬دٌ ‪ ِْC‬ا ‪ِ ُ4‬‬
‫' ‪ ًgَP‬أو ‪ً
َj .ًَF‬ا‪.‬‬ ‫آ‪ :+.‬أ‪ُ ]U-‬‬
‫ج ا ‪َِ/َ2‬؟‬ ‫أ آ'‪ +- :‬ا ‪ ِ/َ2‬أو ‪ِ .Y‬ر َ‬
‫' ‪ ِْC .ً4
َT .ً.„َC‬ا ‪.َِ%ِC.‬‬ ‫آ‪ُ :+.‬أ‪ُ ]Uَ-‬‬
‫ي‪.‬‬
‫ق ا ‪ْ
َ2‬آَ‪] M‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ْ/ِA :‬ي ‪ ِْC ٌَ4
َT ٌgَP‬ا >‪ِ N‬‬
‫آ‪ :+.‬آَ‪ َْA ُ ُ%4َ& ْH‬ا ‪َِ%ِC.‬؟‬
‫أ آ'‪َ :‬ا ‪ُ +‬ر‪.4 .F ٍَA. dِ ْF‬ص‪.‬‬
‫آ‪.C ،ْ\]َR :+.‬ذا ‪.$-‬؟‬
‫أ آ'‪.َ-ْ
ُ… .$- :‬ن و‪ ٌ–َ4ْIَC‬آَ‪ ٌ
4‬وَ‪.2‬مٌ‪.‬‬
‫ي ‪ ِْCٍ `َF.R‬ا ‪َ .2ِ%‬رةِ؟‬ ‫آ‪ +- :+.‬أ ]‬
‫أ آ'‪ +- :‬ا ‪ِ `َF.I‬ا
ا‪.dِ F‬‬
‫آ‪ :+.‬هَ'ْ ‪ +- ٌَ%ْaِC ُ َE‬ا ‪َِ./ِ4‬؟‬
‫‪ ،ٌَ%ْaِC .$- c‬و „ْ ‪َF ُ َE‬ابٌ‪.‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪َ  ،ِ5َ —ِ :‬‬

‫‪45‬‬
 ‫آ‪َF :+.‬ابٌ؟ ِِ
ا َِ ا ‪َِ./4‬؟‬
‫' ا‪ِ .P,‬ء ا ‪.َِg:‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ ،ْHَ% :‬وُ>‪َ .A ُ ِA.‬د ًة ‪ِ ْ2َ +-‬‬
‫آ‪ :+.‬أ‪.C ،َBِْUَ- ِْC +ْ
ِ4ْY‬ذا ‪ .$-‬أ‪ً.U‬؟‬
‫ع‪.‬‬
‫أ آ'‪ ŒA ٌِIُC ٌَ-ْ
ُP .$- :‬ا ‪.G‬ر ِ‬
‫آ‪ :+.‬هَ'ْ ‪.C .$-‬ءٌ ‪ِ .F‬ردٌ و ‪ٌِY.‬؟‬
‫خ …‪ٍ .‬ز‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ٌَE‬و‪ُ .4َR‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ ،ً.%4َR :‬و‪ َ .$-‬‬
‫ك أ‪ً.U‬؟‬ ‫آ‪.C :+.‬ذا ‪َ َ ْ/ِA‬‬
‫أ آ'‪ْ/ِA:‬ي ‪ ٍَgI/ِC +- ٌ
َj ٌ0َF‬ه‪ِ .‬د‪.ٍَL‬‬
‫آ‪ :+.‬آ‪ِy- ً-
ُ… ْH‬؟‬
‫ن و‪ ٌ
َj ٌ–َ4IَC‬وَ‪.2‬مٌ‪.‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ِ .-ْ
ُ… ِy- :‬‬
‫ ه)ا ا ‪ُ0َ4‬؟‬ ‫آ‪ :+.‬أ َ‬
‫‪.4 .F ٍَA. 5‬ص‪.‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ :‬أآ‪ِ ْaِ ِْC
ُ :‬‬
‫ق؟‬‫آ‪ :+.‬هَ'ْ ه ‪ ِْC ٌ\
َT‬ا >‪ِ N‬‬
‫ك ‪..2/‬‬ ‫ق ‪
ٍ َj‬وهُ‪َ ./‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ٍ  ِْC ٌ\
َT ،ْHَ%َ :‬‬
‫آ‪ :+.‬و‪.C‬ذا َأ‪ً.U‬؟‬
‫' ِ‪ ٍَT‬ودا‪ُ
ِL‬ة ‪.ٍ 
َF‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪َ َA :‬دٌ ‪ ِْC‬ا ‪ Hِ ِA.Iَ2‬و‪N ََC‬‬
‫آ‪ :+.‬هَ'ْ َ‪
N ُ2‬ا ‪.4‬ص ‪ِ cXَ +-‬ا ‪.G‬رع ِ؟‬
‫ع ‪.ُC‬و ٍر‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 5‬ا ‪.4‬ص ‪.P +-‬ر ٍ‬ ‫أ آ'‪ +- :‬ا َ‪ُ ِTَC ،ِgg‬‬
‫‪ 5‬ا ‪.4‬ص؟‬ ‫‪ 0‬إ Œ ‪ِ ِTَC‬‬ ‫آ‪ :+.‬آَ‪ ْH‬ا ‪ ِْC ُ-.>َ2‬ا ‪ِ َ4‬‬
‫`‪.‬‬
‫ف و „ْ >َ‪ ْ0‬أآ‪
ِ GَA ِْC
َ :‬دَ‪َ ِL.T‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪
َaِF :‬اٍَ‪ b ،‬أ‪ُ
A‬‬
‫` ‪ً.GَC‬؟‬ ‫آ‪
ُ GَA :+.‬دَ‪َ ِL.T‬‬
‫‪.B‬‬
‫' ‪ ِْC‬ذ ِ َ‬ ‫ن أ‪ T‬‬ ‫ أنْ &َ„ َ‬ ‫‪ُ ِ„2ُ ،ٍَAْ
ُ>ِF 0‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ :‬إذا ‪ِ َGَC‬‬
‫'؟‬‫آ‪ +- :+.‬أ]ِ ‪4 ٍَA.‬أ ا ‪.4‬ص ‪ِ َ2َ% .F‬‬
‫أ آ'‪ ِْC :‬ا >‪ َِA.‬ا >‪.‬د َِ ‪ Œ .ً.4َj‬ا >‪ َِA.‬ا ‪ِ
َ ِP.%‬ة ‪ً .>َC‬ء‪.‬‬
‫ع؟‬ ‫‪ِ 4ْ ,‬‬ ‫' أ‪ِ .‬م ا ُ‬ ‫آ‪ +- :+.‬آُ ]‬
‫ع‪.‬‬
‫‪ِ 4ْ ,‬‬ ‫' أ‪ِ .‬م ا ُ‬
‫أ آ'‪ +- ،ْHَ% :‬آُ ]‬
‫آ‪ :+.‬هَ'ْ ا ‪ٌ/ِC6 ُgIْ/ِ2‬؟‬
‫‪46‬‬
 ‫' ا ‪.g‬هِ َ
ِة ‪!ٌ/ِC6‬‬‫أ آ'‪ :‬آُ ‪N‬‬
‫‪........ B‬‬ ‫ف َذ ِ َ‬‫آ‪ :+.‬أ‪ .‬أ‪ُ
ِ ْA‬‬
‫‪. 0‬جٌ وَ‪
َ َj ٌg‬ةٌ‪.‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ ŒA :‬أِ ‪.‬لٍ‪ِ َ4ِ ،‬‬
‫ي‪.‬‬‫ن ا ‪X‬ن ‪
َ1‬ور ‪l‬‬ ‫فأ‬ ‫آ‪ :+.‬هَ'ْ ‪X& ِy-‬ن؟ &َ‪ُ
ْ%‬‬
‫ أنْ &َْ‪Xََ& ŒA +ُa‬ن‪.‬‬ ‫‪9ُC 0‬آ]اً‪ ،‬و َ„ِْ ُ‪ُ ِ„2‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ُ ْ>َ :‬‬
‫ل ‪Xََ& ŒA‬ن ‪.ٌِ„GُC‬‬ ‫ن ا ُ‪َ a‬‬ ‫نإ‬ ‫آ‪ُ :+.‬ز‪َ  gَ +LَC‬‬
‫‪.0‬‬
‫‪ r‬ا َ‪ِ T‬‬ ‫ج ‪َ ْ%َF‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ :‬ه)ا ‪ ٌhَj‬ور‪ُ .َ .2F‬‬
‫آ‪ :+.‬آَ‪ ِْC ْH‬ا َ‪ِ0T‬؟ ُأ ْ‪4‬عٌ؟‬
‫'‪.‬‬
‫أ آ'‪ٍ $ُP ََُ ،b :‬ر‪ ŒA‬ا‪] َT,‬‬
‫آ‪ . :+.‬إ ‪ٍ $ُP ُ !+$‬ر!‬
‫ك‪.‬‬
‫ ِ َْ َ ِ‬
‫ف ‪َ /ُ„>َ& b‬‬ ‫‪َ َ B‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ .ْHَ%َ :‬أ‪ ُ ِgA‬أ ِ‬
‫ زَ‪ .+%َC +َC‬ه‪ ٌَ4ِ .R +‬أ‪..ًU‬‬ ‫آ‪ُ ُ„ْ>ََ .ٌhَj :+.‬‬
‫ك‪.‬‬‫ف َْ &„‪ِ َ َْ ِ +‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ .C :‬ه‪ +‬ا ‪ُِ„Gُ2‬؟ َ َ‬
‫ج أ‪..„
C‬‬
‫™ ‪.Y .$-‬ر َ‬ ‫ل ‪ٍ
 َC‬ة أ‪ُ A‬‬ ‫ف هَ)ا‪ ،‬و „ْ ه ِ) ِ‪ Q‬أ و ُ‬ ‫آ‪ :+.‬أ‪ُ
ِ ْA‬‬
‫ن َ)ِرًا‪.‬‬ ‫ن ‪  ُF b‬أنْ „ َ‬ ‫‪ !B‬أ‪ُ .>ْv‬‬ ‫` ‪ِ َ%َC‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ :‬أ َ ‪N‬‬
‫آ‪ :+.‬زَ‪ ٌَXL.Y +C‬أآ‪!+]/ِC
ُ َ:‬‬
‫ ا َ َ) َر ‪.ٌ]َE‬‬ ‫‪َpِ +‬فِ‪ ،‬و َ„ِ ‬ ‫أ آ'‪ :‬أ‪ ُ ِgَْA‬أ‪ b ُy‬دا‪َ A‬‬
‫‪ +- 0‬ا ‪
ِ $G‬؟‬ ‫آ‪ :+.‬آَ‪ ْH‬إ‪ُ .‬ر ا ‪ِ َ4‬‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫أ آ'‪ :‬أ‪ُ .v‬ر ‪ 200‬دو‪b‬ر ‪ 200 dَ َC‬دو‪b‬ر ُأ‪
Y‬ى ِ‪ِ C9‬‬
‫آ‪ .C :+.‬ه رأُ‪َB‬؟ أ‪ .2ُ$N‬أْ>َُ؟‬
‫‪.B‬‬‫ف‪ .‬أ ‪ُ .َp‬ر َ ِ‬ ‫‪ b i‬أ‪ُ
ِ ْA‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ :‬وا ِ‬
‫‪.0‬‬‫آ‪ ُ 
ُ& :+.‬ا َ‪ ،ََgg‬أ‪]
َ ُC .‬د َدةٌ ‪ +-‬ا ِ‪ِ .s‬ر ا ‪ِ َ4‬‬
‫' „ُ‪ .2‬أنْ &َ>ْ„ُ‪.ٍgَP +- ./‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ُ :‬ر‪ ِْC .2F‬ا‪ِ َU-,‬‬
‫‪.0‬‬
‫ ‪ٍ َF +-‬‬ ‫\ أنْ أ ْ„ُ َ‬ ‫‪ dَ َC ،ٌhَj B‬أ]‪ُ +‬أِ ‪N‬‬ ‫آ‪ :+.‬أ‪ ُ ِgَْA‬رأَ َ‬
‫ن آَ‪ً
:‬ا‪.‬‬ ‫ل ه‪ِ .C.‬‬ ‫ وراَِ ا ‪ِ .4‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ :‬أ ‪ُ %NG‬ر ‪ِ ْC,.F‬‬
‫‪.0‬‬
‫ ‪ٍ َF +-‬‬ ‫\ أنْ أ ْ„ُ َ‬ ‫`‪ُ .‬أِ ‪N‬‬‫ ‪ +-‬ا ‪ِ َgNG‬‬ ‫‪ ِْC 0‬ا >„َ ِ‬ ‫آ‪ُ ْ4ِ%َ& :+.‬‬
‫‪.B‬‬
‫‪ B‬و ِ‪ِ َِ4ِ.a‬‬ ‫أ آ'‪ :‬ه)ا را‪ِ َ ٌdِE‬‬
‫‪47‬‬
 ‫ن ‪
2ُA‬ي ‪..... ًَ/َ 16‬‬ ‫‪ 0‬أهْ‪ .Cَ/ِA +‬آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫‪َ َF 0‬‬‫آ‪
َ َ& :+.‬آْ ُ‬
‫‪ً
َ َj 0‬ة!‬ ‫أ آ'‪ !ًَ/َ 16 :‬آُ‪ِ /‬‬
‫' ‪ ٍgَP ِْC‬إ Œ ‪.ٍgَP‬‬ ‫ن وأ‪ .‬أْ‪ُ ِg‬‬ ‫‪َ 0‬و َِ ] اŠ َ‬ ‫‪ B‬ا َ‪ِ T‬‬ ‫آ‪ :+.‬و‪ )ُ /ُC‬ذ ِ َ‬
‫' ‪ِBَُ4ِ.j‬؟‬ ‫أ آ'‪.C :‬ذا &ُ‪ُ ]UَX‬‬
‫ ‪.ٍgَP +-‬‬ ‫' ا >„َ َ‬ ‫آ‪ُ ]UَXُ& :+.‬‬
‫أ آ'‪ :‬إذنْ ‪......‬‬
‫' أنْ َ>‪
َ ِE9‬ا ‪!َgG‬‬ ‫آ‪ :+.‬أ‪ ُ ِgَA‬أ‪ ِْC ُy‬ا‪ِ َUْ-,‬‬
‫‪.ٌhَj B‬‬ ‫ن رأَ ِ‬ ‫أ آ'‪ :‬أ‪ ُ ِgَA‬أ ‬
‫آ‪ :+.‬و‪........ ٌ0َF
ُ -َ ََ .Cَِ /ِA‬‬
‫أ آ'‪ْ
َC ِْC ٌ\
َT :‬آَ ِ‪ M‬ا ‪...... َِ/َ2‬‬
‫ل‪ .‬هَ'ْ &َ‪+ُِ%‬؟‬ ‫آ‪ +- +ُ
ِ4ْpَُ :+.‬ا ‪ِ .‬‬
‫ ز‪َ .‬ر َة ا ‪ِgG‬؟‬ ‫أ آ'‪َ ]4ُِ& ŒَC !ْ
ِ1. :‬‬
‫آ‪9 :+.‬ر‪ َ %َF dُ ِE‬ا ‪ dَ َC
ِ $Nu‬ز‪.+َC‬‬
‫أ آ'‪ :‬ا >‪ َُA.‬ا ‪ٌَ4ِ ./ُC َُ: .:‬؟‬
‫ن ا‪!i‬‬ ‫آ‪ً ِE ٌَ4ِ ./ُC :+.‬ا‪ +- .‬أ‪ِ .C‬‬
‫أ آ'‪ dَ َC :‬ا >‪!ِC‬‬

‫‪Questions about the text‬‬ ‫أ‪ 2 45#‬ا‪/0‬‬

‫' آ‪+.‬؟‬ ‫‪.C .1‬ذا &ُ‪ُ ]UَX‬‬

‫‪.C .2‬ذا آ‪.‬ن ‪ +-‬ا ‪ِgG‬؟‬
‫‪ .3‬هَ'ْ ‪ +- ٌَ%aِC ُ َE‬ا ‪َِ./4‬؟‬
‫‪ .4‬هَ'ْ ِ‪ٌَ-ْ
ُP ِgG‬؟‬
‫ آ‪َِِ +.‬ه‪ +- .‬ا ‪ِgG‬؟‬ ‫‪ .5‬هَ'ْ ََ>„ُ ُ‬
‫ق ا ‪ ،ِ
a‬ا ‪ ُgG‬أم ا ‪ُ0َ4‬؟‬ ‫ب إ Œ ا >‪ِ N‬‬ ‫‪ .6‬أ‪ .2$N‬أ‪ُ
َ T‬‬
‫‪ 5‬ا ‪.4‬ص؟‬ ‫‪ 0‬إ Œ ‪ِ ِTَC‬‬ ‫‪ .7‬آَ‪ ْH‬ا ‪ ِْCُ َ-.>َ2‬ا ‪ِ َ4‬‬
‫'؟‬
‫‪4َ ŒَC .8‬أ ا ‪.4‬ص ‪ِ َ2َ% .F‬‬
‫‪48‬‬
 ‫؟‬.„
C‫ أ‬+- ٌِ„GُC ‫ن‬X& ŒA ‫ل‬ ُ aُ ‫ هَ'ْ ا‬.9
‫؟‬.$ِْ‫ أه‬0
َ َF ْ0‫ &َ
َآ‬.Cَْ/ِA +.‫ْ ُ
آ‬2ُA ‫ن‬
َ .‫ْ آ‬H‫ آ‬.10

Functional Expression 4678‫رات ا‬:6‫ا‬

.ٌhَj B َِ َ‫ن رأ‬ ‫ِ ُ أ‬gَA‫أ‬ I believe your opinion is correct.
.`ِ َgNG ‫ ا‬+- ِ َ„> ‫ِْ ا‬C 0 ُ 4ِ%َ& I am tired of living in apartments.
.‫ف‬ ُ
ِ ْA‫ أ‬b i ِ ‫وا‬ By Allah, I do not know.
.B
َِ َ ‫ ُر‬.َp ‫أ‬ The choice is yours.
!Bَِ َ%َC ` N َ ‫أ‬ You are right!
0
ِ Tَ ‫ ا‬B َ ِ ‫) ُ ذ‬/ُC since then
‫ن‬
َ Š‫ َِ ] ا‬ until now
.‫ل‬ِ . ‫ ا‬+- +ُ
ِ4ْpَُ You will tell me at once.
‫؟‬+ُِ%َ& ْ'َ‫ه‬ You promise me ?
.B َِ َ ٌdِE‫ه)ا را‬ This is up to you.
!‫ن َ)ِرًا‬ َ „ ْ‫ُ  أن‬F b ‫ن‬ ُ .>v‫أ‬ One has to be careful!
.ٌ‫ُ َ
]د َدة‬C .‫ أ‬،َ َggَ ‫&ُ
 ُ ا‬ If you want the truth, I am hesitant.
!‫ف‬ ُ
ْA‫ أ‬b ،ٍَ‫َ
ا‬aF Frankly, I do not know!
.Bَ ِ ‫ِْ ذ‬C '  T‫ أ‬
ُ ِ„2ُ Probably it is less than that.
...... ' ِ َU-,‫ِْ ا‬C .2F‫ُر‬ Probably it is better ……..
.‫ف‬ِ َpِ + َ A‫ دا‬b ُy‫ِ ُ أ‬gَA‫أ‬ I believe there is no need to fear.

ِ ْC,.F ‫ ُر‬%NG ‫أ‬ feeling secure
‫ل‬.4 ‫راَُ ا‬ peace of mind

Vocabulary List ‫ ا=<دات‬4=7)

‫أ‬4 he/it begins

ُ ِ2%َ he/it depends on

49

N ُ2َ he/it passes by
ُ ِA.>ُ he/it helps, assists
+G2َ‫&ـ‬ you (m)/she walks
ُ ِ%َ‫&ـ‬ you (m)/she promises

ُ ِ‫ـ‬4pُ‫&ـ‬ you (m)/she tells, informs

'ُ ُaَْ‫&ـ‬ you (m)/she gets, obtains
ُ ِaT‫أ‬ I mean
'ُ ِgَ‫أـ‬ I transfer, move
‫ت‬ُ ‫ـَ
أ‬T I read
0ُ ‫&ـَ
َآ‬ I left
0ُ ْ4ِ%َ‫&ـ‬ I got tired
ٌ‫ن‬A‫إ‬ advertisement
ٌ\ِ.j owner, friend, fellow
ٌ'Cَ‫ز‬ fellow, classmate, friend
ٌ‫َاب‬F doorman
ٌ‫ز‬.… gas
ٌ‫خ‬.4َ‫ـ‬R cook, oven
ٌَE ّ refrigerator
ٌ‫ـ‬gَP apartment
ٌ0َF house
ٌ'ْ2َ carrying
ٌ‫ر‬.‫إ‬ rent
ٌَ ‫ِ
ا‬ guarding
ٌ‫ج‬.ِ fence
ٌَ‫ـ‬-ْ
ُP balcony
ٌ5ِTَC stop
‫ص‬.F bus
ٌِ„GُC problem
ٌ‫َف‬Y fear
ٌM‫َ
ْآ‬C center
ٌَ‫ـ‬gI/ِC area

50
 ٌَ‫ـ‬gَ garden, yard
‫ي‬l ‫َ
ور‬1 necessary
ٌ‫ُـَ َ
]دد‬C hesitant
' N َ‫ـ‬T‫أ‬ less than
‫دِئ‬.‫ه‬ quiet
‫م‬l .‫ه‬ important
ٌ]َE good
ٌ5ِL.Y frightened, scared
‫ َد ًة‬.A usually
‫ج‬ َ ‫ر‬.Y outside
' َ ِY‫دا‬ inside

Grammar
‫ا‬->‫أ‬
1. Relative pronouns usually introduce adjectival clauses and follow the antecedent they
describe. In Arabic, the use of these relative pronouns is determined by the gender and
number of the antecedent.
a. ‫ أ )ي‬is used for singular masculine nouns.

.‫ـِ ًا‬E .ً XIَ‫ن ـ‬

َ .‫ آ‬+/َ‫َـ‬F.T ‫' ا )ي‬
ُ ‫أ َآ‬
The agent who met me was very nice.
b. + ‫ أ‬is used for singular feminine nouns.

.0
َ َ4 ‫َ َ
تْ ه)ا ا‬E9 ‫ ا‬+ ‫َ
أ َة ا‬2 ‫ ا‬.َْA.
We helped the woman who rented this house.
c. 
َ ) ‫ أ‬is used for plural masculine nouns.
.‫ن‬
َ ./4ُ‫ِْ ـ‬C ِ Hَ%Iَ2 ‫ ا‬+- ./َ%َC ‫ أآا‬
َ ) ‫ ُء ا‬.Tِْj,‫أ‬
The friends who ate with us in the restaurant are from Lebanon.
d. +&‫ أ ا‬is used for plural feminine nouns.

.َِ‫ـ‬/َ2 ‫Œ ا‬XGَ‫ُ>ـ‬C +- 
َ َ2ْ%َ +&‫ت ا ا‬
ِ .44‫ـ‬I ‫ ا‬.َA‫َد‬
We invited the doctors (f) who work at the town hospital.

2. Inanimate plural is always treated as a feminine singular.

51
 .ٌ‫
َة‬:َ‫ ا َ
 َ ِة آـ‬+- .‫ه‬.‫ـَ َ
أ‬T + ‫ت ا‬
ُ .ْAv‫أ‬
The ads we read in the newspaper (were) many.

3. If the antecedent is indefinite, you do not need to use a relative pronoun.

.ٍَA. '
َ 4َ‫ـ‬T B
ِ /َA ‫ل‬
َ 9 
ً ُE‫ َر‬0
ُ َF.T
I met a man who asked about you an hour ago.
You must have noticed that saying the same sentence in English would require the use
of the relative pronoun.

Verb Conjugation ‫ل‬6 @‫ ا‬ABCD

The following verbs are in the past tense conjugated to plural pronouns:
2
 ُ‫ه‬ (ُ‫ه‬ 2
 ُ‫أـ‬ (ُ‫أـ‬ 2M

‫ن‬
َ ‫ـَ
َأ‬T ‫ـَ
َأوا‬T 
 ُ‫ـَ
َأ&ـ‬T Hُ‫ـَ
َأ&ـ‬T .‫ـَ
َأ‬T ‫ـَ
َأ‬T

َ GَC ‫ا‬GَC 
 ُ‫َـ‬GَC Hُ‫َـ‬GَC ./َGَC ŒGَC

َ ْ4ِ%َ‫&ـ‬ ‫ا‬4ِ%َ‫&ـ‬ 
 ُ‫ْـ‬4ِ%َ‫&ـ‬ Hُ‫ْـ‬4ِ%َ‫&ـ‬ ./ْ4ِ%َ‫&ـ‬ \ِ%َ‫&ـ‬

َ ْ‫&ـَ
َآـ‬ ‫&ـَ
َآا‬ 
 ُ‫&ـَ
َآـْـ‬ Hُ‫&ـَ
َآـْـ‬ ./ْ‫&ـَ
َك &ـَ
َآـ‬

َ ْ‫ـَـ‬gَ‫إـْـ‬ ‫ـَا‬gَ‫إـْـ‬ 
 ُ‫ـَـْـ‬gَ‫إـْـ‬ Hُ‫ـَـْـ‬gَ‫إـْـ‬ ./‫ـَـْـ‬gَ‫ـَ' إـْـ‬gَ‫إـْـ‬

b. The following verbs are in the present tense conjugated to singular pronouns:
ُ‫ه‬ -ُ‫ه‬ E
ِ ‫أ‬ E
َ ‫أ‬ ‫أ‬

ُ ِA.>ُ‫&ـ‬ ُ ِA.>ُ 
َ ِA.>ُ‫&ـ‬ ُ ِA.>ُ‫&ـ‬ ُ ِA. ‫أ‬ َA.

N ُ2َ‫&ـ‬
N ُ2َ 
َ ]
ُ2َ‫&ـ‬
N ُ2َ‫&ـ‬
N ُC‫أ‬
 َC
ُ ِ2َ‫ْـ‬%َ‫&ـ‬ ُ ِ2َ‫ْـ‬%َ 
َ ِ2َ‫ْـ‬%َ‫&ـ‬ ُ ِ2َ‫ْـ‬%َ‫&ـ‬ ُ ِ2َ‫ْـ‬A‫أ‬ َ2َ‫ـ‬A‫إ‬
ُ ِaْ‫ـ‬gَ‫&ـ‬ ُ ِaْ‫ـ‬gَ 
َ ِaْ‫ـ‬g‫&ـ‬ ُ ِaْ‫ـ‬gَ‫&ـ‬ ُ ِaْ‫ـ‬T‫أ‬ َaَ‫ـ‬T
c. The following verbs are in the imperative form conjugated to second person singular

and plural.
52
 2
 ُ‫أـ‬ (ُ‫أـ‬ E
ِ ‫أ‬ E
َ ‫أ‬


َ Uَ‫ـ‬Xَ‫&ـ‬ ‫ا‬Uَ‫ـ‬Xَ‫&ـ‬ +Uَ‫ـ‬Xَ‫&ـ‬ ْ'Uَ‫ـ‬Xَ‫&ـ‬ 'Uَ‫ـ‬Xَ‫&ـ‬
‫ن‬
َ ‫
أ‬T‫إ‬ ‫
أوا‬T‫إ‬ ‫
أي‬T‫إ‬ ْ‫
أ‬T‫إ‬ ‫ـَ
أ‬T

Drill # 1 ‫ ا@ول‬2B=.‫أـ‬
Use the words and phrases in the Vocabulary List in good sentences:

Drill # 2 G‫ ا‬2B=.‫أـ‬

Please choose the correct options:
.0
ِ َ4 ‫ ه)ا ا‬+-ِ َ‫ِْ ا >„ـ‬Cٌَ‫ـ‬XِL.Y (+Cَ‫)ز‬ .1
The synonym for the word that is between parentheses is in option:
+Y‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ +َE‫ زَو‬.‫ب‬ +َ4ِ.j .‫أ‬

. ........... ٌdَ2َ‫ُـ‬C +

N Fَ
َ% ‫ ا‬dُ َ2َ‫ُـ‬2 ‫أ‬ .2
Which of the following options does not make a good sentence?
+
l . .‫ت‬ +
l َ4َ‫ـ‬T .‫ب‬ +
l ِL.A .‫أ‬

.ٌ
4َ‫ آـ‬0
َ َ4 ‫ن ا‬
 ,ِ C,.F
ُ ُ%Gَ‫ &ـ‬b .$‫َ
أ ُة إـ‬2 ‫ْ ا‬0 .T .3
Therefore, she must be:
ٌ‫ َ
ة‬Iَ‫ـ‬Y .‫ت‬ ٌj.Y .‫ب‬ ٌَ‫ـ‬XِL.Y .‫أ‬

.`
َ ِL.T‫ ِ
َد‬GَA '
 ُ‫ص آـ‬.4 ‫
ا‬N ُ2َ .4
The bus runs every:
a. ten minutes
b. five minutes
c. fifteen minutes

53
 . ............ َِ‫ـ‬gَ‫ـ‬I/ِ2 ‫ ا‬Qِ )ِ ‫ ه‬+- .ً َF ‫ت‬
ُ َE‫ َو‬.C .5
Which of the following options can be used to make a good sentence?
+&.َ '
 ُ‫ آـ‬.‫ت‬ ‫ب‬
ِ .4G ‫ ا‬M] ِA .‫ب‬ ‫ن‬
َ Š‫ َِ ] ا‬.‫أ‬

.ٍَ‫ـ‬/َ '
َ 4T ْ0َE
 َpَ‫ َ َ َو&ـ‬/َ$ ‫ ا‬.$ُ‫ـَـ‬gَj ْ0َ ‫َد َر‬ .6
Therefore, this friend is more likely to be:
a. a lawyer
b. a physician
c. an engineer

!B
َِ َ‫ ُر ـ‬.َp ‫أ‬ .7
I am sure you can impress your friends by choosing the option which means the same.
Which?

B
َِ َ‫ٌ ـ‬dِ‫ـ‬E‫ ه)ا را‬.‫ت‬ B
َِ َA ‫س‬
َ 9F b .‫ب‬ B
َِ ِXIُ‫ِْ ـ‬C ‫ ه)ا‬.‫أ‬

.ِ ‫ر‬.—ِ (ٌ`َ‫ـ‬gُP‫ُتٌ و‬F) .َ/ِA .8

One of the following words can substitute for the phrase between parentheses. Which?
ٌَ‫„ِـ‬GُC .‫ت‬ ‫ ُء‬.P‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ٌ‫ََت‬C .‫أ‬

.0
َ َ4 ‫ـَ
ي ه)ا ا‬Gَ‫ َـ‬.$‫آـ] َةٌ( أـ‬9ُC) +‫ه‬ .9
Which is the antonym of the word that is between parentheses?
ٌ‫ُـَ َ
]د َدة‬C .‫ت‬ ٌِ„GُC .‫ب‬ ٌ‫َ
ورة‬1 .‫أ‬

.‫ ا َ
 َ ِة‬+- Hُ‫ـَ„ـ‬A‫ت إ‬
ُ ‫ـَ
َأ‬T .10
The sentence says that this person has seen the ad:
a. on the TV
b. in the magazine
c. in the newspaper
54
 .َِ‫ـ‬g‫ـ‬: ‫ ِء ا‬.P,‫ْ' ِا‬2َ +- ......... ُ ِA.>ُ .11
The word in option ..... makes the sentence good.
‫ب‬
ُ ‫َا‬4 ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ ‫ ُر‬.v‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ '
ُ ‫ ا َآ‬.‫أ‬

.ٍ Hِ‫ َد‬MُC ٍ ‫رِع‬.P ŒAٌ‫ِـ‬IُC ............. .12

One of the following words cannot be used in this sentence.
ُ َ‫ـ‬gَ ‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ ُ َ‫ـ‬-
NG ‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ُ َE‫ـ‬: ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

.0
ِ َ4 ‫ر ِا‬.s ‫ ا‬+- (ٌ‫ُـَ َ
]د َدة‬C) 0
ُ /4 ‫ْ ا‬0.‫آ‬ .13
Therefore, this person must be:
‫آـ] َ ًة‬9ُC ْ0َ> .‫ت‬ ً  4gَC ْ0َ> .‫ب‬ ً gِI/َC ْ0َ> .‫أ‬

.‫ َ
ًة‬4َ‫ آـ‬............. 0
ِ َ4ِ ‫ن‬
‫أ‬
َ 
‫هَ'ْ &ـَـَ)آـ‬ .14
Which of the following options cannot be used to fill in the blank?
.ًE.ِ .‫ت‬ ً َ‫ـ‬-ْ
ُP .‫ب‬ ً َ‫ـ‬gَ .‫أ‬

.ِ ‫م‬.2َ ‫ِْ ا‬C ٌ\

َ‫ـ‬T‫
ٌ و‬4‫ـِ آ‬gG ‫َ– ُ ا‬4IَC .15
The sentence says that the kitchen is:
a. close to the porch
b. near the bathroom
c. next to the bedroom.

. ................... ٍَ‫ـ‬gI/ِC +- ُyُ‫ـ‬L.A 

ُ ُ‫&ـَ>„ـ‬ .16
One of the following adjectives cannot fit in this context. Which?
ٍَ‫ـ‬gَ‫ ـ‬.‫ت‬ ٍَL‫ ِد‬.‫ ه‬.‫ب‬ ٍَ‫ـ‬/ِC6 .‫أ‬

.‫َ َ
ًة‬j 0
ُ /ُ‫ آـ‬.Cَ/ِA (+‫ )أه‬0
َ َF 0
ُ ‫&ـَ
َآ‬ .17
55
This woman said that she left her parent’s house when she was young. Which of the
following option cannot replace the word between parentheses?
+َ‫ِـ‬L.A .‫ت‬ +&َE .‫ب‬ +&َ
ْ ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

.ِ ‫رع‬.G ‫َِ ا‬.$ِ +- ‫ص‬.4 ‫ ا‬........... .18

Which of the following options makes a good sentence?
‫ُـَ َ
]د ُد‬C .‫ت‬ 5
ُ ِTَC .‫ب‬ ُ Cَ‫ ز‬.‫أ‬

.‫ـِ ًا‬E ‫ي‬

l ‫َ
ور‬1 (ِ C,.F ‫ ُر‬%NG ‫)أ‬ .19
Which of the following phrases can substitute for the phrase between parentheses?
'
] َ‫ـ‬T,‫Œ ا‬A .‫ت‬ ِ ‫ل‬.4 ‫ راَ ُ ا‬.‫ب‬ 0
ُ T ‫ ا‬B
َ ِ ‫ ذ‬.‫أ‬

.‫َي‬F +- ٌَ‫ـ‬-‫ْ

و‬%َC ٌ‫هِ َ
ة‬.‰ Qِ )ِ ‫ه‬ .20
This sentence is talking about:
ٌ\
َ‫ءٌ …ـ‬+َP .‫ت‬ ٌ‫ْم‬%َC ٌ‫ء‬+َP .‫ب‬ ٌَE ٌ‫ء‬+َP .‫أ‬

. .............. ‫هِ َ
ِة‬.g ‫ ا‬+- ‫ ُر‬.v‫ ا‬،ٍ‫م‬.A '
ٍ ْ„َGِ‫ـ‬F .21
The adjective in option .... makes a good sentence.
ٌ‫ْم‬%َC .‫ت‬ ٌ\ِ ./ُC .‫ب‬ ‫ي‬
l ‫َ
ور‬1 .‫أ‬

!‫ل‬
ِ َ ‫ ا‬0
ِ ْ/ِ4ِF i
ُ ‫ا‬B
َ َg-‫ َو‬:(‫ ُم‬.Cv‫ل )ا‬
َ .T .22
The word which is between parentheses is related to the one in option:
‫ع‬
ُ 2َْ2 ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ dُ ِC. ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ُ َ%ِC. ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

!B
َ ‫Œ رأ‬A ٌ‫ِ
اض‬A‫ ا‬.َ/ِA c
َ َ‫ ـ‬:ِ ‫م‬.C”ِ ‫س‬
ُ .‫ـ‬/ ‫ل ا‬
َ .T .23
The people seem to say to the Imam:
B
َ َ%َC `
ُ ِX‫ ـَـ‬.‫ت‬ .0
ِ Tَ ‫ ا‬r
َ %َF ‫ج‬
ُ .َْ‫ ـ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ف‬
ُ
ْ%َ‫ ـ‬b .‫أ‬

56
 !B
َِ َ‫ٌ ـ‬dِ‫ـ‬E‫ه)ا را‬ .24
When you hear your Arab friend says this sentence to you, you get the impression that:
a. he has the choice
b. you have the choice
c. nobody really has any choice

.َِ>ِC.p ‫َِ ا‬A.> ‫ ا‬+- ‫ص‬.4 ‫ ا‬.......... .25

Only one of the following verbs really makes sense in this context. Which?
ُ ِA.>ُ .‫ت‬ ‫ْأ‬4َ .‫ب‬ ُ ِ2%َ .‫أ‬

Drill # 3 H‫ـ‬G‫ ا‬2B=‫أـ‬

a. Fill in the blanks with the proper relative pronouns wherever needed.
.ŒXGَ‫ُ>ـ‬2 ‫ِْ ا‬C ٌَ4
T .‫ه‬.ْ
َE9 ‫ ا‬...... ُ ‫ـ‬gG ‫ أ‬.1
.ٌHT‫
ٌ و‬4َ‫ آـ‬+L.A ُy&َ
P‫ ا‬...... 0 ُ َ4 ‫ أ‬.2
.ِ cْC‫ أ‬.‫ َ
أه‬T‫ أ‬0 ُ /‫ آ‬........ B َ ِ& ŒAَ ََ2 ‫ ا‬Qِ )ِ ‫' ه‬
ُ ]Uَ‫ـ‬-‫ أ‬.3
.‫ع‬َ 4 ,‫ ه)ا ا‬ َ jَ‫ و‬.......... ‫ت‬ ِ .4 .‫ـ‬I ‫ ا‬0 ُ َF.T .4
.+َF Œ ‫ إ‬Hُ$ُ‫ـ‬-
%& .......... +L.Tِ j‫' أ‬ ‫تآ‬ ُ َA‫ َد‬.5
.ِy-  ُ ُ‫ أ „ـ‬0ُ /ُ‫ آـ‬.......... ٍ ‫رع‬.P +- ‫ص‬.4 ‫
ا‬N ُ2َ .6
.ِ َ2َ ‫ِْ ا‬C .‫
َأه‬g ....... ُ L‫ أ 
ا‬.7
.َِ ‫م ِا ]را‬.‫) ُ أ‬/ُC B
َ ُ‫ـ‬-
%َ .........ً ُE‫ َر‬0 ُ َF.T .8
b. Give the synonym of the underlined words.
.ً. .… ‫ن‬
َ .‫ َر آ‬.v‫ن ا‬
‫فأ‬ُ
ْA‫ أ‬.1
.ِ‫ َرة‬.2ِ% ‫ ا‬Qِ )ِ ‫ِْ ه‬C t
ِ .‫ـ‬: ‫` ا‬F.‫ـ‬I ‫ ا‬+- +Cَ‫ ز‬ُ ُ‫ َِ>„ـ‬.2
.
ْC,‫Œ ه)ا ا‬A Hُ$َ%C ` ُ ِX‫ أ&ـ‬.3
c. Give the antonym of the underlined words.
.ِ/َ2 ‫ج ا‬
َ ‫ر‬.Y +َE‫ِِ زَو‬L.A 0
ُ َF .1
.ُُ‫ &ـَ>ْ„ـ‬+Y‫ْ ا‬0.‫ آ‬
َ ‫ أ‬0
ُ >َ‫ ـ‬.2

57
 .َ‫ِ َِ ] اŠن‬yِِL.A ŒA ُ ِ2%َ +gَj .3
.ِ ‫ع‬4ْ ,‫َِ ا‬.$ِ +- ‫ن‬ َ .2َA Œ ‫ إ‬.ْ
-. .4
d. Put the following groups of words in the correct order to make meaningful sentences.
.ِ Hَ‫ـ‬g ‫ ا‬+- .$َِF .$‫ِْ أـ‬C ْ0َ‫ـ‬g‫ِ ُ إ‬gَ‫ـ‬A‫ َء أ‬.%/َj .1
.ِ 
َْ4 ‫ ا‬.$ِ‫ـ‬E‫ أهْ' ِ زَو‬+- ٍَL‫د‬.‫َِ ه‬2ِj.A +- 0 ُ َF ٍgI/ِC .2
.ٍَA. Œ ‫ُق ِ إ‬/ُ‫ـ‬X ‫ا‬ ِْC ُ َ‫ـ‬-.>َ2 ‫ ا‬5ُ ْaِ ‫ َر ِة‬.> .F ِ ‫ر‬.Iَ2 ‫ ا‬.3
.‫ـِ ًا‬E ‫ َر‬%NG ‫ا‬ ‫ي‬
l ‫َ
ور‬1 +- ‫ن‬
 ‫ْ ِ أ‬C,.F +‫ رأ‬.4
.ِy- ‫ـَِ ا )ي‬Tِ ‫ ا‬.$ُ‫ــ‬gَP +- ' ُ َ2ْ%َ‫' &ـ‬ ] ََC ِْC ٌَ4
T .5
.ِA4 ,‫ ا‬+- ِ َ ‫َْ ا‬A ‫ت‬ ُ ‫ـَ
أ‬T ‫ن‬ َ A,‫ ِ ا َ
 َ ِة ا‬Hَ%Iَ2 ‫ ا‬.6

Drill # 4 I"‫ اا‬2B=‫أـ‬

Please choose the correct options and explain WHY:
!./Xَ‫ْـَـ‬Y‫ ا‬.C :0
ُ /ِ‫ـ‬4 ‫ْ ا‬0َ‫ ـ‬.g- ،ٌَ‫ـ‬/ِC6 ‫هِ َ
ُة‬.g ‫ ا‬:'
ُ ‫ل ا َآ‬
َ .T .1
You understand from this sentence that:
a. they disagreed on everything
b. the woman agreed with the agent
c. the agent agreed with the woman

..$ُ‫ـ‬-
ْ%َ‫ ـ‬............ َِ‫„ِـ‬Gُ2 ‫َْ ا‬A ُ ‫ذ‬. ,‫ ا‬Hُ َ‫َِ„ـ‬ .2
The relative pronoun that can fit in this sentence is option ...

َ ) ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ + ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ‫ ا )ي‬.‫أ‬

.0
ِ Tَ ‫ ا‬r
َ %َF 
ُ ِL.FM ‫ج ا‬
ُ .َ (.2F‫) ُر‬ .3
The word which is between parentheses can be replaced by the word/phrase in option
... without changing the meaning of the sentences.
ٌ‫م‬%َC .‫ت‬ ِ ‫آ‬9‫ ـ‬.F .‫ب‬ ْ‫ْ„ِ ِأن‬2ُ2 ‫ِْ ا‬C .‫أ‬

.‫ َ
ة‬4َ‫ آـ‬........... ‫ن‬X& ŒA ‫ل‬
َ aُ ‫ن ا‬
 ‫ِ ُ أ‬gَ‫ـ‬%َ .4

58
Arabic grammar allows the use of the word in option ...... .
ٍِ„GُC .‫ت‬ ً ِ„GُC .‫ب‬ ٌِ„GُC .‫أ‬

‫؟‬Hُ‫َِ„ـ‬F ِْCٌَ4
َ‫ـ‬T .$ُ‫ــ‬gَP ْ'َ‫ه‬ .5
The possessive pronouns implied in this sentence are:
Hُ‫ ه‬- Hُ‫ أـ‬.‫ت‬ Hُ‫ أـ‬- +‫ ه‬.‫ب‬ Hُ‫ ه‬- +‫ ه‬.‫أ‬

ِ ‫رع‬.G ‫ ه)ا ا‬+- ُyُ‫َ

ْ&ـ‬E9 ‫ ا‬........ 0
ُ َ4 ‫أ‬ .6

The correct relative pronoun which is needed in this sentence is the one in option ..... .

َ ) ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ ‫ ا )ي‬.‫ب‬ + ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

.ِ/َ2 ‫ ا‬Mِ ‫َ
ْآ‬C ِْC ٌ\
َ‫ـ‬T (ٌ0َF)
ُ ‫ـ‬-ََ‫َِـ‬ .7
The word in option ..... can substitute for the one that is between parentheses with a
little change.
ٌِ„GُC .‫ت‬ ٌ‫هِ َ
ة‬.‰ .‫ب‬ ٌ‫ـ‬gَP .‫أ‬
. ............ ِْC ٌ\
َ‫ـ‬T‫
ٌ و‬4َ‫ـِ آـ‬gG ‫– ا‬
ُ َ4IَC .8
The word in option ..... cannot fit within this context.
0
ِ َ4 ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ ‫ب‬
ِ .4 ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ِ ‫م‬.2َ ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

. ........... ٍَ‫ـ‬gI/ِC +- ُy‫ـ‬, +ِL.A 0

ُ َF \
N ِ‫أ‬ .9
One of the following adjectives cannot be used in this context. Which?
ٍَL‫ ِد‬.‫ ه‬.‫ت‬ ٍَ%ِL‫ را‬.‫ب‬ ٍَ2ِ‫ْ َد‬MُC .‫أ‬

‫ِ؟‬Bَِ‫ِـ‬L.Aُ ‫ـ‬gَP (َِ./4 ‫ِْ )ا‬C ٍ `ِ‫ـ‬F.R ‫ي‬

] ‫ أ‬+- .10
The synonym for the word between parentheses is the one in option ...... .
‫ِ َ
ِة‬L‫ ا ا‬.‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
ِ ََ2 ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ‫ َر ِة‬.2ِ% ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

59
 .َِ‫ـ‬Tِ ‫ت ا‬
ِ ََC‫ و‬.............. ِْC ٌ‫َ َد‬A ِ ‫رع‬.G ‫ ه)ا ا‬+- .11
The word/phrase that can be used to fill in the blank is the one in option ...
ِ HِA.Iَ2 ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ ِ ‫َن‬Mpَ2 ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ِ 
َ4 ‫ِ َ
ِة ا‬L‫ دا‬.‫أ‬

.َِ‫ـ‬/َ2 ‫ج ا‬
َ ‫ر‬.Y c
َ  ِْ„ ‫ و‬.ًَF ُyُ‫َـ‬E‫' زَو‬
ُ ]Uَ‫ـ‬Xُ‫&ـ‬ .12
It is logical to say that this woman prefers to live ...

a. in the suburbs
b. in an apartment
c. in the downtown area

.َِTِ ‫' ا‬
] ََC ‫ َم‬.C‫ٌَ أ‬XِT‫َِ وا‬Rْ
NG ‫ َر ُة ا‬.َ .13
...... ‫ك‬
َ ./ُ‫ ه‬.2F‫ُر‬
ٌMَ‫َ
ْآـ‬C .‫ت‬ ٌَ‫ِـ‬-b .‫ب‬ ٌِ„GُC .‫أ‬

.ِ 
َ4 ‫ِ َ
ِة ا‬L‫ِْ دا‬C ٌَ4
T +&.َ '  ُ‫ آـ‬.$- ُُ‫ أ „ـ‬+ ‫َ ُ ا‬./4 ‫أ‬ .14
.......... +-  ُ ُ‫ أ „ـ‬+]‫ـ‬- B
َ ِ )ِ
ٍ ‫ُق‬/ُ‫ـ‬- .‫ت‬ ٍ‫ـ‬gَP .‫ب‬ 0
ٍ َF .‫أ‬

.ِRْ
NG ‫ ا‬Mِ َ‫َ
ْآـ‬C ِْC \
ِ 
َ‫ـ‬g ‫ ا‬Hِ َ%Iَ2 ‫ ا‬+- .$ُE‫' زَو‬
ُ َ2ْ%َ .15
One of the following statements is false. Which?
a. she works in a restaurant
b. her husband works in a restaurant
c. the restaurant and the police station are close to each other

.ِy- ./َ‫ ُزرْ&ـ‬............ +ْ‫ أه‬0

َ َF 0
ُ ْ‫&ـَ
َآـ‬ .16
Arabic grammar rules would only allow the use of the relative pronoun in option .... .
+ ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ 
َ ) ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ‫ ا )ي‬.‫أ‬

60
 ..ً U‫
ٌ أ‬4َ‫'ٌ وآـ‬2َE 0
َ َ4 ‫ن ا‬
 ‫ِ ُ أ‬gَ‫ْـ‬%َ‫&ـ‬ .17
The subject which is implied in this sentence cannot be the pronoun in option ...... .
+‫ ه‬.‫ت‬ 0
َ ‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ ه‬.‫أ‬

. ........... Œ ‫ج إ‬
ُ .َْ‫ &ـ‬B
َ )ِ ..ً gF.R ‫ن‬
َ ‫
و‬GِA ‫ َر ِة ا َ َ ِة‬.2ِ% ‫ ا‬+- .18

ٍ-ْ
ُP .‫ت‬ ٍ َ%ْaِC .‫ب‬ ‫ب‬
ٍ ‫َا‬F .‫أ‬

.ٌ
4َ‫ آـ‬0 َ َ4 ‫ن ا‬
 ,ِ ْC,.F
ُ ُ%ْGَ‫ &ـ‬b .$‫َ
أ ُة إـ‬2 ‫ْ ا‬0َ‫ ـ‬.T .19
. ................ ‫ن‬ َ „َ‫ُ  أنْ &ـ‬F b
ًَXِL.Y .‫ت‬ ًj.Y .‫ب‬ ‫ َ
ًة‬IَY .‫أ‬

.......... 0 ُ /ُ‫ آـ‬+/‫ـ‬, 0

ِ َ4 ‫ر ِا‬.sِ ‫Œ ا‬A +َE‫ زَو‬+/ْ‫َـ‬%َP .20
‫ُـَ َ
د]دًا‬C .‫ت‬ ‫آـ]ًا‬9ُC .‫ب‬ .ًXI .‫أ‬

.َ ‫ـ‬gG ‫ ا‬Qِ )ِ ‫ـِ ُ

ه‬E9>َ‫ &ـ‬.Cَ/ِA +ُ
ِ‫ـ‬4ْpُ‫ َـ‬ .21
The object which is implied in this sentence is option ......
+‫ ه‬.‫ت‬ .‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ 0
َ ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

.(ٌ‫ل‬gْ%َC) ‫هِ َ
ِة‬.g ‫ ا‬+- ‫ ُر‬.v‫ ا‬،K‫م‬.A ٍ '„َGِ‫ـ‬F .22
The word that can substitute for the one that is between parentheses is in option .....
ٌ‫ْم‬%َC .‫ت‬ ٌ\ِ ./ُC .‫ب‬ ‫ي‬
l ‫َ
ور‬1 .‫أ‬

..‫ ر‬+- ٌَ‫ـ‬:َ ٌ‫هِ َ

ة‬.‰ + . ‫ ُر ا‬.v‫أ‬ .23
The sentence says that .....
a. expensive rent is a problem
b. high rent is a new phenomenon
c. low rent effects real estate value

61
 .B
ِ َِF ِْC .ً4
َ‫ـ‬T ‫ًَا‬E .ً َF ‫ـَ
ي‬Gَ‫ـ‬/َ .24
The subject pronoun which is implied in this sentence corresponds to the personal
pronoun in option .... .

ُ  .‫ت‬ ‫ ه‬.‫ب‬ 0
َ ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

.‫َ]ًا‬E ......... ‫ف‬

َ
ْA, ٍَ‫ـ‬R‫ر‬.Y Œ ‫ج إ‬
ُ .ْ‫أ‬ .25
Which of the following options makes a good sentence?
َ َ‫ـ‬gَ‫ـ‬I/ِ2 ‫ ا‬.‫ث‬
َ > ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ‫ز‬. ‫خ ا‬
َ .4R .‫أ‬

Reading Exercise ‫ ا>اءة‬2B=D

Read the following words, phrases and sentences into your tape recorder, then listen to
them. Give the tape to your teacher to check your performance:

ٌَgَ ٌ‫ج‬.ِ ٌ‫ر‬.‫إ‬ ٌ‫َ

 َة‬E ٌ‫ن‬A‫إ‬
ْ0َ4ِ%َ& ْ0ََgَ‫إ‬ ٌ‫َُ
]د َدة‬C ٌَE
 َ ٌِIُC
'
] َT,‫Œ ا‬A ‫ ٍز‬.… ‫خ‬ ُ .4R ‫ل‬.4 ‫راَُ ا‬ B
َِ َ ٌdِE‫را‬
ٌَL‫ ِد‬.‫ٌَ ه‬gَIْ/ِC ٍَA. 5 ُ ْaِ `
َ ِL.Tَ‫ ُ
د‬GَA
0
ِ Tَ ‫ ا‬B َ ِ ‫ َذ‬+- 
ِ ْC,.F ‫ ُر‬%NG ‫أ‬ َُg: ‫ ُء ا‬.P,‫أ‬

.ِgG ‫Œ ا‬A 0 َ َ4 ‫' ا‬

ُ ]Uَ-‫ُأ‬
.ٌ]َE ‫ن ا َ َ) َر‬
‫'إ‬ُ ‫ل ا َآ‬ُ gَ
.‫ف‬
ِ َpْِ + َ A‫ دا‬b :+َِL.A ْ0َ .T
.ِ ‫ح‬.4a ‫َ
 َ ِة ا‬E +- ‫ن‬ َ ْAv‫ت ا‬ ُ ‫َ َ
أ‬T
..$َِF ِْC ‫ِ ًا‬E ٌ\
َT ‫ص‬.4 ‫ ا‬5 ُ ِTَC
62
 ‫إ ‪
َ َE9‬تْ ‪ًَE .ً َF +َِL.A‬ا وآَ‪ً
4‬ا‪.‬‬
‫' ا‪ِ .P,‬ء ا ‪.َِg:‬‬ ‫ب ‪ِ ْ2َ +-‬‬ ‫ُ>‪ ُ ِA.‬ا ‪َ4‬ا ُ‬
‫ زَ‪ +- .$َ%َC .$َُC‬ا ُ
‪َِ-‬؟‬ ‫هَ'ْ ََ>ْ„ُ ُ‬
‫‪]
َ َُC 0‬د َدةٌ ‪ +-‬ا ِْ‪ِ .s‬ر ه ِ) ِ‪ Q‬ا ‪ِg]G‬؟‬
‫ ِ‪.2‬ذا أْ ِ‬
‫‪.+‬‬
‫ع ا
‪] >L‬‬ ‫‪ ٌَ-
ُP 0‬وا ِ‪ ŒA ٌِIُC ٌَ%‬ا ‪.G‬ر ِ‬ ‫ ِ‪ِ َ4‬‬

‫‪63‬‬
Unit # 4 (4) ()‫
ة ر‬,-‫أ‬

Nancy arrived in Amman, the capital of Jordan. She plans to stay with a family in a
village not far from the Dead Sea to do a documentary film. She is talking with a
friend about his country and the Arab World in general.

!ِ .Y . ‫ك‬ َ ِ ََF َْA +/ْ] َ :+>.

‫؟‬+-
ْ%َ& ْ‫ أن‬ َ ]4ُِ& ‫ذا‬.C :ِ .Y
.ُy/َA ‫ ٍء‬+َP '  ُ‫ آ‬+
ِ4ْY‫ أ‬:+>.
.َ َC ُِ + ‫ِ َا‬yِ.„ُ ‫َ َ ُد‬A ،ٌ
َj ٌََF ‫ن‬ N ‫رْ ُد‬,‫ أ‬:ِ .Y
‫ر ُدن]؟‬,‫ أ‬+- ‫ن‬ ِ ُ ُ2 ‫َ ُ
ا‬$ْP‫ أ‬+ َ ‫ ه‬.C :+>.
.ِF‫ن وا >›ُ وآَ
َك وإر‬ ُ .2َAُ َ2ِj.% ‫ أ‬:ِ .Y
.‫ع‬
ٍ 4ْ ‫ ُ) ُأ‬/ُC .$ ‫ْ إ‬0َj‫ َو‬.ْ›َgَ- ‫ن‬ َ .2َA َْAً َT .ً sP ‫ف‬ ُ
ْA‫ أ‬:+>.
64
 ‫‪ :ِ .Y‬هَ'ْ أ‪ِBَْ4َA‬؟‬
‫‪ً ِE :+>.‬ا‪ .‬ه‪
َ َj +‬ةٌ وَ‪ ٌَXu‬و…َ ُ
‪ِ ْMُC‬دِ‪ ٍَ2‬آ‪.g .‬هِ َ
ِة‪.‬‬
‫ ا ‪.g‬هِ َ
ةَ؟‬‫‪َ -
ْ%& 0‬‬ ‫‪ :ِ .Y‬أْ ِ‬
‫ك َ‪ ًَ/‬آ‪.ًِC.‬‬ ‫‪ 0‬هُ‪َ ./‬‬‫‪ُ ْGِA ..ً%4َR :+>.‬‬
‫‪ 0‬هُ‪./‬كَ؟‬‫‪.C :ِ .Y‬ذا ‪ِ ِ2َA‬‬
‫س ‪ +-‬ا ‪ َِ%ِC.‬ا‪ ِ„
C,‬و‪ َِ%ِC.E‬ا‪َ/„ ,‬رِ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 0‬أدْرُ ُ‬ ‫‪ :+>.‬آُ‪ُ ْ/‬‬
‫‪ 0‬ا ‪َFَ
َ%‬؟‬‫ك &َ‪ِ 2َ%‬‬‫‪ :ِ .Y‬وهُ‪َ ./‬‬
‫ت أ&َ‪ Hُ َ%‬ا ‪ +- َFَ
َ%‬آُِ ‪.C‬و‪ ْ0‬هَ َكْ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ +- :+>.‬ا َ‪َF َِgg‬أ ُ‬
‫ آُُ ‪.C‬و‪ ْ0‬هَ َكْ؟‬ ‫‪ :ِ .Y‬أ َ‬
‫‪ +- :+>.‬و‪.ْ0ِ œ. .C َِb‬‬
‫ك ‪l+Fَ
َA‬؟‬ ‫ن ُأ ‪.‬ذ ِ‬ ‫‪ :ِ .Y‬وآ‪َ .‬‬
‫‪.+‬‬
‫‪ dَ َC 0‬أ ‪ٍ .‬ذ ‪
ِA‬ا‪K T‬‬ ‫‪َ ،ْHَ%َ :+>.‬درَ ُ‬
‫‪ 0‬إ Œ ا ‪.g‬هِ َ
ةِ؟‬ ‫‪ H ُ :ِ .Y‬ذهْ‪ِ 4‬‬
‫‪ ŒA 0‬زَ‪]ِ ٍَ .C‬را َِ ‪ +-‬ا ‪.g‬هِ َ
ِة‪.‬‬ ‫‪ُ َaَ B‬‬ ‫‪ َ %َF :+>.‬ذ ِ َ‬
‫ن ‪!ٌَ
َT‬‬ ‫‪.gِ َِ4>]/ .F :ِ .Y‬هِ َ
ةِ‪ُ .2َA ،‬‬
‫‪ :+>.‬أ ‪.g‬هِ َ
ُة ‪َ ْMُC‬دِ‪ ٌَ2‬وآَ‪
َ 4‬ةٌ ‪ً ِE‬ا‪.‬‬
‫ن ‪./ِC‬ءٌ ‪ ŒA‬ا ‪
َْ4‬ا‪
َ2ْ,‬ه ا ‪.َُ4َgَ%‬‬ ‫‪ :ِ .Y‬ه)ا ‪ .ٌhَj‬و‪—ِ َِ4َ ./ُ2 .F‬ر ُد ]‬
‫‪ :+>.‬أ‪ ُ ِgَْA‬أ‪ ُy‬أ‪ِ ./C ِْC
ُ َْj‬ء ا‪َ/„ ,‬رِ ‪.
َ ْaِC +-‬‬
‫‪ r‬ا ‪.ِ›] َ َُ2‬‬‫ن ا‪َ/„ ,‬رَ ‪ ŒA‬ا ‪
َْ4‬ا‪ِ َF,‬‬ ‫ ‪ -‬‬ ‫‪ ..ً %ْ4َR :ِ .Y‬وآَ‪َ -
ْ%َ& .2‬‬
‫ن َ‪ ٌ
ْ$‬آَ‪ٌ
4‬؟‬ ‫‪ :+>.‬هَ'ْ ‪ +- ُ َE‬أ‪,‬ر ُد ]‬
‫ن وَ َ‪ ُy‬وا ٍد‪.‬‬ ‫‪
ُ ْ$َ .ً%4َR ِy- :ِ .Y‬أ‪,‬ر ُد ]‬
‫‪ .C :+>.‬ا ْ ُ‪ H‬ه)ا ا ادي؟‬
‫‪ c‬ا‪.Hِ ْ v‬‬ ‫‪ :ِ .Y‬أ ادي ‪ِ ْXَ/ِF‬‬
‫ن ‪ Hَ َuْ%ُC‬ا ]‪M‬را‪ +- َِA‬ه)ا ا ادي‪.‬‬ ‫‪  ُF b :+>.‬أ ‬
‫ل ا ‪ِ ِ4‬د‪.‬‬
‫ل ا ‪ َِ2ِj.%‬و‪ِ .2َP‬‬ ‫` َ َ‬ ‫ ‪ +-‬ا ‪ِ ِR./َ2‬‬ ‫‪ :ِ .Y‬و‪ً َT‬‬
‫ك زِرا‪ +- ٌَA‬ا َ‪/‬بِ؟‬ ‫‪ :+>.‬هَ'ْ هُ‪َ ./‬‬
‫ب ‪
َْj ٌَgَI/ِC‬اوٌ َِ>ْ„ُ‪ .$ُ/‬ا ‪َ4‬و‪.‬‬ ‫‪ :ِ .Y‬أ َ‪ُ /‬‬
‫‪65‬‬
 ‫' ا ‪َ4‬و؟ ‪ +-‬ا ‪]M‬را‪َِA‬؟‬ ‫‪.C :+>.‬ذا َ‪ُ َ2ْ%‬‬
‫ل‪.‬‬
‫‪ :ِ .Y‬أ ‪َ4‬و رُ‪ُ .A‬ة …َ‪ Hٍ َ/‬و‪ Mٍ /َA‬و‪ٍ .2ِE‬‬
‫ب ‪ ِْC‬ا ‪َ4‬و؟‬ ‫ك أ‪ِ .T‬ر ُ‬ ‫‪ :+>.‬هَ'ْ ‪َ َ /ِA‬‬
‫ي‪.‬‬
‫ ‪.>َ… +gَj‬ن ‪ََF‬و ‪l‬‬ ‫‪ ،b :ِ .Y‬و „ِ ‬
‫' وا ِ ُكَ؟‬ ‫‪.C :+>.‬ذا َ‪ُ َ2ْ%‬‬
‫' ‪
َP +-‬آَِ ا ‪.Xْ َX‬ت ا َ‪.ِ/َR‬‬ ‫‪ُ 2َْ%َ :ِ .Y‬‬
‫‪ +- :+>.‬أِ ‪ ُ َE& ٍَgَI/ِC‬ا ‪.Xْ َX‬ت؟‬
‫ق ا ‪ِ 4‬د ‪.ًj.Y‬‬ ‫‪ِ ْ
َP +- :ِ .Y‬‬
‫ق و‪ُHِA.IَC‬؟‬ ‫ ‪ ٌ.‬و‪ِ ./-‬د ُ‬ ‫‪ :+>.‬هَ'ْ ‪ .$-‬أ‪.C‬آِ ُ‬
‫ل ‪
َE‬دا ُء‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .b 5‬أ ِ‪ُ .4‬‬ ‫‪ِ َ —ِ :ِ .Y‬‬
‫ن ا ِ‪9C ْ0َ>َ ََgَI/2‬ه ًَ أ‪ًَF‬ا‪.‬‬ ‫‪ +/%َ :+>.‬أ ‬
‫ ‪َ َ َA‬دهُ‪.ٌ'َT H‬‬ ‫‪.„ُ .$- :ِ .Y‬نٌ‪ ،‬و َ„ِ ‬
‫ن ‪.6‬رٌ ‪ٌَ2َT‬؟‬ ‫‪ :+>.‬هَ'ْ ‪ +-‬ا‪,‬رْ ُد ]‬
‫‪.6 .$- ْHَ%َ :ِ .Y‬رٌ ‪ ٌF
َ َA‬ورو‪.ٌَ2َT ٌ.C‬‬
‫ هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬اŠ‪.‬رُ؟‬ ‫‪ :+>.‬أ َ‬
‫` أ‪
ْY‬ى‪.‬‬ ‫ش وإر‪ َ ِF‬و‪َ ِR./C‬‬ ‫‪ +- :ِ .Y‬أ ‪
َْ4‬ا ِء و‪َ
َ َE‬‬
‫‪َ /ِA ،+/%َ :+>.‬آُ‪.ٌَ. H‬‬
‫ن ‪ْ
َC‬آَ‪ًM‬ا &‪.‬رً‪ .‬و‪..ً .C‬‬ ‫‪ .ْ›َgَ- B‬أ‪ُ .2َA ْ0ََ4ْj‬‬ ‫‪ c‬ذ ِ َ‬ ‫‪َ  :ِ .Y‬‬
‫ن ‪ْ
َC‬آَ‪ًM‬ا &ِ‪.‬رً‪ .‬و‪ً. .C‬؟‬ ‫‪َ .j 5‬رتْ ‪ُ .2َA‬‬ ‫‪ !ٌHuَA :+>.‬آَ َ‬
‫ن‪.‬‬
‫ب ا‪,‬هِ ‪َ ./4ُ +-‬‬ ‫\ ا َ
ْ ِ‬ ‫‪ِ َ4َ>ِF :ِ .Y‬‬
‫ت وا ‪/ُ4‬ك إ Œ هُ‪../‬‬ ‫‪ ،+/%َ :+>.‬إ‪ Hُ َuْ%ُC ْ0ََg‬ا ‪
ِ G‬آ‪ِ .‬‬
‫ك ‪ُ ٌ 9>َC‬ا‪
ْY‬ى‪.‬‬‫ن‪ .‬وهُ‪َ ./‬‬ ‫ت وا ‪/ُ4‬ك إ Œ ‪َ .2َA‬‬ ‫‪ !›4َU .F :ِ .Y‬إ‪ Hُ َuْ%ُC ْ0ََg‬ا ‪
ِ G‬آ‪ِ .‬‬
‫‪
Y,‬ى؟‬ ‫‪ .C :+>.‬ه‪ +‬ه) ِ‪ Q‬ا ‪ ُ 9>َ2‬ا ُ‬
‫ق ‪. ........‬‬ ‫ب ا ‪
ِ%‬ا‪ ِT‬ا‪
,‬اِ وأ‪َ ./‬ء ا ِ‪ِ .ْa‬ر ‪ ŒA‬ا ‪
ِ%‬ا ِ‬ ‫ل ا َ
ْ ِ‬ ‫‪َ ِY :ِ .Y‬‬
‫ن أ‪.ً U‬؟‬ ‫ت وا ‪/ُ4‬ك ا ‪
ِ%‬ا‪ ِT‬إ Œ ‪َ .2َA‬‬ ‫‪ :+>.‬إ‪ Hُ َuْ%ُC ْ0ََg‬ا ‪
ِ G‬آ‪ِ .‬‬
‫ق ‪ِ ./C‬ء ا ‪ِ
َ ْaَ4‬ة‪.‬‬ ‫ق ‪ َ ْ%َF‬إ…ْ ِ‬ ‫‪ ،b :ِ .Y‬أ‪ ْ0ََ4j‬ا ‪َ ./C َُ4gَ%‬ء ا ‪
ِ%‬ا ِ‬
‫\ ‪ٍ َT‬م ‪ٍ َT َ /ِA‬م ‪َ-‬ا‪!"ُ ِL‬‬‫‪ُ ِL.aَC" +‬‬ ‫' ا ‪N Fَ
َ%‬‬ ‫ل ا ‪ُ َ:َ2‬‬‫‪ُ gَ .2:C :+>.‬‬
‫‪66‬‬
 ‫'!‬ ‫‪ ،ِ5َ —ِ :ِ .Y‬ه)ا ‪ ،ٌhَj‬و „ِْ ‪ .C‬ا ‪ُ َ2َ%‬‬
‫ن ‪َ .j‬ر ‪ +- .ً2ِ$ُC‬ا ‪.َِgَIْ/ِ2‬‬ ‫ن ‪َ .IَC‬ر ‪َ .2َA‬‬ ‫‪ :+>.‬ه)ا َ‪ +/%‬أ ‬
‫ن‪.‬‬
‫' ا ‪Iُp‬طِ ا َِ ا ‪
ُ Iَ& ِ2َ .%‬إ Œ ‪َ .2َA‬‬ ‫ت آُ ]‬ ‫‪
ِL.R :ِ .Y‬ا ُ‬
‫ت ا ‪ِ .Iِg‬ر؟‬ ‫‪ُ .CََY 5‬‬ ‫‪ :+>.‬وآ َ‬
‫ق ‪َ .ْ2ُC‬زةٌ‪.‬‬ ‫ ا ‪َ
ُ NI‬‬ ‫‪.IِT .َ/ِA c‬رٌ‪ ،‬و „ ‬ ‫‪َ  :ِ .Y‬‬
‫ت وا ‪َ ]َEِ 'g/‬ةٌ‪.‬‬ ‫ت ا >‪.‬را ِ‬ ‫‪ :+>.‬إذنْ ‪ُ .CََY‬‬
‫ت &َ> ُ
إ Œ ا ‪
%‬اق و ر‪ .‬وا >‪%‬دِ؟‬ ‫ت وا ‪ُ .j.4‬‬ ‫‪ ،ْHَ%َ :ِ .Y‬ا >‪.‬را ُ‬
‫' دا‪ Hٍ L‬وإ‪.ْA‬دي‪K‬؟‬ ‫‪ :+>.‬هَ'ْ &َ> ُ
‪ٍ .uِ.F‬م و‪ٍ „َGِF‬‬
‫‪.+‬‬‫‪ ŒA 5‬ا َ‪ dِ ْ1‬ا >]‪] .‬‬ ‫‪ :ِ .Y‬ه)ا ََ َ‪ُ T‬‬
‫‪+/ْ%َ :+>.‬؟‬
‫` ‪َ .> .F‬ر ِة‪.‬‬‫ أنْ &ُ>‪
ِ-.‬ي إ Œ دِ‪َ GC‬‬ ‫ت ‪ً َ ]َE‬ة ُ‪ُ ِ„2‬‬
‫‪ :ِ .Y‬إذا آ‪ ْ0َ.‬ا ‪ُ .Tَ%‬‬
‫` أ‪َ ./‬ء ا ‪.َِْIُ%‬‬ ‫‪ :+>.‬ه)ا ‪ !ٌHuَA‬أ‪ .‬ا‪َ .MِF
ُ ]„َ-‬ر ِة دِ‪َ GC‬‬
‫‪.ٍِ„ْGُC 5‬‬ ‫‪ B‬أ َ‬
‫ن َ ِ‬‫ت …َ َ
‪ٍ َ ]َE‬ة ‪َ gpَ Hُ$-‬‬ ‫‪ :ِ .Y‬و „ِْ إذا آ‪ ْ0َ.‬ا ‪ُ .Tَ%‬‬
‫‪!B‬‬‫ق ذ ِ َ‬ ‫‪ :+>.‬ه)ا أ‪ً ِE ٌ\
َ… ٌ
C‬ا! ‪ُ b‬أ‪ُ ] َj‬‬
‫‪l َA B‬و!‬ ‫‪ٍ َ >َgِF B‬ة آ‪ِ 9‬‬ ‫‪ c‬ه)ا ‪ِ َِC.%ُ .ْ›َgَ-‬‬ ‫‪َ  :ِ .Y‬‬
‫‪K+Fَ
َA
َ َ… 0‬؟‬ ‫‪  Œَ :+>.‬آُ‪َ /‬‬
‫‪.ً َT 5‬‬ ‫‪ُ :ِ .Y‬ر‪ُ ِَْpَ .2F‬‬
‫‪ . :+>.‬إ ‪!+$‬‬
‫‪MِC ŒA 5‬اج ِ ُْ‪ َِI‬ا ُو ِد‪.‬‬ ‫' ‪ٍ +َP‬ء ََ َ‪ُ T‬‬ ‫‪ :ِ .Y‬آُ ‪N‬‬
‫' َ‪!+&.‬‬ ‫' ه)ا ا ‪ِ +G‬ء آُ ‬ ‫‪ِ :ِ2ِF 0‬‬‫‪ُ %ِ2َ .C :+>.‬‬
‫‪.+‬‬‫ي ‪ ./ِ2َ .A +-‬ا ‪] Fَ
َ%‬‬ ‫‪ :ِ .Y‬ه)ا ‪+َP‬ءٌ إ‪.ْA‬د ‪l‬‬
‫‪ .2َA 5‬ه ‪.
َ ْaِC +- ِyA‬‬ ‫ن ا َ‪ُ ِَpَ dَ ْ1‬‬ ‫‪ 0‬أ&َ‪ُ  َa‬ر أ ‬ ‫‪ :+>.‬آُ‪ُ ْ/‬‬
‫‪َ
ْaِC +- B‬؟‬ ‫ث َ ِ‬‫‪.C :ِ .Y‬ذا َ َ َ‬
‫‪ 0‬أنْ أزو َر ‪ .4‬و َ„ِْ ‪ َ /ِA +%َ/َC‬ا ُو ِد‪.‬‬ ‫‪َ :+>.‬ر…ِ‪ُ ْ4‬‬
‫™ ا ََ ُة ا ‪!ُF
َ%‬‬ ‫‪ُ %َ& :ِ .Y‬‬
‫ أنْ أزو َر ا ‪
ِ%‬اقَ؟‬ ‫‪ ،ْ\R :+>.‬هَ'ْ ُ‪ُ ِ„2‬‬
‫Ÿ‪.‬‬
‫ب ا ‪ِ َp‬‬
‫\ ا ِ‪ِ .a‬ر وَ
ْ ِ‬ ‫ل ‪ٍ
َ P9& ŒA‬ة ‪ِ َ4َ>ِF ٌ\ْ%َj‬‬ ‫‪ : .Y‬آ‪ُ ،ٍ„
C9‬ر‪ .2F‬ا ُ‪ُ a‬‬
‫‪67‬‬
 .ِ َ4 ‫ َر َة ه)ا ا‬.‫\ ز‬N ِ‫ ُأ‬.‫ وأ‬ ٍ َC‫ ُ) َز‬/ُC ‫دُ؟‬%> ‫ وا‬:+>.
.'
ٍ ُE‫ َر‬dَ َC +„َ& ْ‫\ أن‬ُ َِ .ً .‫ و‬،ٌَ. ِ‫د‬%> ‫ ا‬+- c َ  ُy‫ أ‬ َ -
ْ%َ& 0 ِ ‫ أ‬: .Y
‫َ َ ِ َْي؟‬4 ‫' ا‬
َ ُYْ‫ أنْ أد‬ ُ ِ„2ُِ b +/%َ :+>.
.ِyِF ‫ح‬
ٍ 2ْ>َC
ُ َ… ٌ‫ء‬+َP ‫ ه)ا‬5 ِ َ —ِ :ِ .Y
‫؟‬+%َC \ َ َ‫\ أنْ &َ)ه‬ N ُِ& ْ'َ‫ ه‬:+>.
.B
ِ /ِC
َ َ4‫خ أآ‬ ٍ ‫ب أو أ‬ ٍ ‫ج أو أ‬ ٍ ‫ زَو‬dَ َC +„َ& ‫\ أن‬ ُ َِِ !ُ ِ„2ُ b :ِ .Y
‫ ِ؟‬.Y . ‫د‬l .E 0 َ ‫ هَ'ْ أ‬:+>.
!ََggَ ‫ ا‬b‫ إ‬0 ُ ُT .C i ِ .F Hُ ِ>T‫ أ‬:ِ .Y
.‫ِ ًا‬E ٌ\
َ… ٌ
ْC‫ ه)ا أ‬.+&.َ +- ‫' ه)ا‬ ِ :ِ2ِF 0 ُ %ِ2َ .C :+>.
!+>. +َgَj . ٌَ4ْ%َj ./َُ . :ِ .Y
!ِ َF,‫ َء َو ُم إ Œ ا‬+َP b !ِ .Y . ٌH
َ‫ آ‬i ُ ‫ أ‬:+>.
!ٍ/َE +- Hُ‫ أ‬:ِ .Y
!‫ش‬
ِ .g]/ِ ٌَِF.T ٌَ 9>َC Qِ )ِ َ‫ ه‬:+>.

Questions about the text /0‫ ا‬2 45#‫أ‬

Answer the following questions.
‫ ؟‬.Y ُ ِ ‫' وا‬ُ َ2ْ%َ 
َ ‫ أ‬.1
‫َ؟‬Fَ
َ% ‫ ا‬Hُ َ%ََ& +>. ْ‫َأت‬F  َ ‫ أ‬.2
‫َُ َ ]›ِ؟‬2 ‫ ا‬rِ َF,‫َْ ِ
ا‬4 ‫Œ ا‬A َِ4gَ% ‫ ُء ا‬./C ْ'َ‫ ه‬.3
‫ٌ؟‬A‫ٌ ِزرا‬gَIْ/ِC ‫ن‬ ] ‫ر ُد‬,‫ب ا‬ُ /َE ْ'َ‫ ه‬.4
‫ً؟‬. .C‫ و‬.ً‫ر‬.ِ& ‫ًا‬M‫َ
آ‬C ‫ن‬ ُ .]2َA ْ‫ َرت‬.j 5 َ ‫ آ‬.5
‫دَ؟‬%> ‫و َر ا‬Mَ& ْ‫
أ ٍة أن‬Cb  ُ ِ„2ُ ْ'َ‫ ه‬.6
‫ِ؟‬5ِTَ2ِ    َ  .Y ŒA +>. ْ0
T‫ذا ا‬.C .7
‫ِ؟‬4 ‫ َ ا ُو ِد ا‬/ِA +>./ِ ' َ َaَ ‫ذا‬.C .8
‫ِ؟‬r%َ4 ‫ ا‬Hِ$ِUْ%َF +- ‫ب‬ ِ
َ َ% ‫ ِم ا‬.„ُ َِTَA +-  .Y ‫ رأي‬.C .9
.‫ب‬
ِ ْ
َ ‫ ا‬+- ‫ن‬ ِ .>ْv‫ ُ
ِ ا‬A  .Y ‫ل‬.T ‫ذا‬.C .10

68
True or False? Please rewrite the false statements in their correct forms.

.
ِ َ2ْ,‫َْ ِ
ا‬4 ‫Œ ا‬A
َ ْaِC +- ِ‫َر‬/َ„ْ v‫ ُء ا‬./C dُ َgَ .1
.َِIُ% ‫ل ا‬َ ِY `َ ْGَC‫ َر ِة ِد‬.‫ ز‬+- +>.
ُ ]„Xُ& .2
.‫ت‬
ِ .IُN> ‫اج ِا‬MِC ŒA 5 ُ Tَ ََِ ِFَ
َ% ‫ ِد ا‬4 ‫ ا‬
َ َF
ُ َX> ‫ أ‬.3
.ٌَ2َT ٌ.C‫ٌَ ورو‬:َ ٌFَ
َA ٌ‫ر‬.6 ‫ن‬ ] ‫ر ُد‬,‫ ا‬+- .4
.ٌ‫َْ
او‬j ‫ن‬ ] ‫رْ ُد‬,‫ِْ ا‬C ُ .2G ‫ ُا‬gَIْ/ِ2 ‫ أ‬.5

Functional Expressions 4678‫رات ا‬:6‫أ‬

!›4َU .F exactly
.ْ›َ‫ـ‬gَ‫ـ‬- B َ ِ ‫ ذ‬cَ  This isn't all!
‫ب‬ِ
َ ‫ل ا‬ َ ِY during the war
‫ر‬.ْaِ ‫ َء ا‬./‫أ‬ during the embargo
ُ ‫ه‬,‫ب ا‬ ُ ْ
َ ‫أ‬ the civil war
ِ Ÿَp ‫ب ا‬ ُ ْ
َ the Gulf War
ŒA 5 ُ ‫ـ‬Tََ‫َـ‬ depends on
dَ َC َِ‫رَـ‬.g2 .F in comparison to
..... +/%َ he/it means
!ٌHuَA ‫ه)ا‬ This is great!
!ُ ِL‫ا‬- ٍ ‫ـَم‬T َ /ِA ٍ ‫ـَم‬T \
ُ ِL.aَC Someone's calamities are someone's else fortunes!
!' ُ َ2َ% ‫ ا‬.C ْ„ But, what can be done!
+N .]> ‫ ا‬dُ ْ1َ ‫أ‬ the political situation
.ٍِ„GُC 5 َ ‫ أ‬B ِ ‫ن‬
َ gpَ They create for you a thousand problems.
‫ـِ ًا‬E ٌ\
َ‫
ٌ …ـ‬C‫ه)ا أ‬ This is a very strange matter.
!B َ ِ ‫ق ذ‬ ُ ] َj‫ ُأ‬b I cannot believe that!
ُ َ ‫ط ُا‬Iُp ‫أ‬ the airlines

69
 .ْ›َ‫ـ‬gَ‫ـ‬- ‫ ه)ا‬c َ  This isn't the only (thing).
.ً  ‫ه‬9C ْ0َ> ُ gIْ/ِ2 ‫أ‬ The area isn't populated.
!‫و‬l َA B ِ ‫ـ‬9‫ـَ> َ ٍة آ‬gِ‫ـ‬F Bِ َ‫ِـ‬C.%ُ They treat you harshly like enemy!
!+$ ‫ إ‬. My God!
َِ‫ـ‬IN> ‫ج ا‬ ُ ‫ا‬MِC the regime/authority's mood
+&.َ ' N ُ‫آـ‬ all my life
+
] Fَ
َ% ‫ ا‬./ِ2َ‫ ـ‬.A +- ‫ي‬ lٍ ‫د‬.ْA‫ءٌ إ‬+َP a normal thing in our Arab World
ٍ َC‫) ُ َز‬/ُC since some time
.ِyِ‫ـ‬F ٍ ‫ح‬2>َC
ُ َ… ٌ‫ء‬+َP ‫ ه)ا‬This thing isn't allowed.
!ُ ِ„2ُ b Can't be done!
‫؟‬l‫د‬.E 0 َ ‫هَ'ْ أ‬ Are you (m) serious
!َ َ‫ـ‬ggَ ‫ ا‬b‫ إ‬0 ُ ُ‫ـ‬T .C i ِ .F Hُ ِ>T‫ ُأ‬I swear by Allah I only told the truth!
.+&.َ +- ‫' ِه)ا‬:ِ2ِ‫ـ‬F 0 ُ %ِ2َ .C I never heard of such (thing) in my life.
.‫ـِ ًا‬E ٌ\
َ‫ْ
ٌ …ـ‬C‫ه)ا أ‬ This is a strange matter/issue.
.ٌَ4%َj ./ُ‫ ـَـ‬. Our condition is difficult.
!ِ َF,‫ َء َو ُم إ Œ ا‬+َP b Nothing lasts for ever!
!ٍ‫ـ‬/َE +- Hُ‫أـ‬ You are (live) in heaven!
!ِ ‫ش‬.g]‫ـ‬/ِ ٌَ‫ـِـ‬F.T ٌَ‫ ـ‬9>َC Qِ )ِ َ‫ ه‬This matter is open for discussion.
!ُF
َ% ‫™ ا ََ ُة ا‬ ُ %َ& Long live Arabs' unity!

Vocabulary List ‫ ا=<دات‬4=7)

debate, discussion ٌ‫ش‬.gِ
fellowship ٌ .Cَ‫ز‬
mood, temper ٌ‫اج‬MِC
cruelty ٌ‫ـَ> َة‬T
enemy ‫و‬l َA
self, soul, same ٌcXَ‫ـ‬
70
money ٌ‫ل‬.C
trade, commerce ٌ‫ َرة‬.ِ&
agriculture ٌَA‫زرا‬
thousand ٌ5 ‫أ‬
relations, relationships ٌ‫ت‬.TَA
problem ٌِ„GُC
situation ٌdْ1‫َو‬
regime, authority ٌَ‫ـ‬Iُ
population ٌ‫ن‬.‫ ُ„ـ‬
heaven ٌ‫ـ‬/َE
village ٌَ
َ‫ـ‬T
city,town/s ٌ‫ُ ُن‬C -ٌَ‫ـ‬/َC
border/s ٌ‫ ُود‬-l َ
desert, sahara ‫َْ
اء‬j
Bedouins ٌ‫َو‬F
herders ٌ‫ة‬.Aُ‫ر‬
goats ٌM/َA
camels ٌ‫ل‬.2ِ‫ـ‬E
sheep ٌHَ‫ـ‬/َ‫…ـ‬
sea ٌ
َْF
the Red Sea
ُ َ2ْ,‫َْ ُ
ا‬4 ‫أ‬
the Mediterranean ُ ›] ُ2 ‫ ا‬r ُ F,‫َْ ُ
ا‬4 ‫أ‬
valley ‫وا ٍد‬
river ٌ
$َ‫ـ‬
mountains ٌ‫ل‬.4ِ‫ـ‬E
port ٌ‫ء‬./C
matter, issue ٌَ‫ ـ‬9>َC
71
service ٌِCِْ‫ـ‬Y
break, vacation ٌَ‫ـ‬IُA
train ٌ‫ر‬.IِT
south ٌ‫ب‬/َE
north ٌ‫ل‬.2َP
west ٌ‫…ـَ
ْب‬
east ٌ‫َ
ق‬P
open for (something) ِ‫ـ'ٌ ـ‬F.T
political +
l .
populated ٌَ‫ه ـ‬9C
national +
l /َ‫ـ‬Rَ‫و‬
complete, perfect ٌ'ِC.‫آ‬
barren ‫َ
ْدا ُء‬E
clean ٌ5uَ‫ـ‬
ordinary, normal, usual ‫ي‬
l ‫د‬.ْA‫إ‬
allowed, permitted ٌ‫ح‬2ْ>َC
great ٌHuَA
I got 0
ُ َaَ
I came 0
ُ sِ‫ـ‬E
I lived 0ُ ْGِA
I said 0
ُ ُ‫ـ‬T
I swear Hُ ِ>T‫ُأ‬
to prevent, block dَ َ‫ـ‬/َC
to become ‫ َر‬.j
depends 5
ُ ‫ـ‬Tََ‫َـ‬
walks, moves
ُ >َ‫&ـ‬
flies ٌ
Iَ‫&ـ‬
72
 lasts ‫َو ُم‬
treats '
ُ ِC.%ُ
creates `
ُ ُ‫ـْـ‬pَ
You tell (someone/something)! ْ‫َ ]ث‬
during ‫ َء‬./ْ‫أـ‬-‫ل‬َ ِY
about something .2َA
except for  b‫إ‬

Grammar
ِ‫ا‬->‫أ‬
There are two types of sentences in Arabic; a verbal sentence which begins with a verb,
and a nominal sentence which begins with a noun or a personal pronoun. Examples
are:
1. A verbal sentence:
.‫ْ
ا ِء‬a ‫ ا‬+- ‫َو‬4 ‫ ا‬
ُ ُ‫َ>„ـ‬
2. a. A nominal sentence (starts with a noun):

.ٍَ‫ـ‬/َ ُ )/ُC ْ‫َْأت‬F ُ ‫ه‬,‫ب ا‬

ُ ْ
َ ‫أ‬
b. A nominal sentence (starts with a pronoun):

.‫ن‬
] ‫رْ ُد‬,‫ِ ُ
إ Œ ا‬-.>ُ‫ َـ‬0
َ ْ‫أـ‬

When the verb precedes its subject, it is always in the singular form and agrees with the
subject in gender ONLY.

Examples:
a singular masculine subject .ٍ‫ـ‬gَP +- +gَj 
َ َ‫ َ„ـ‬
a plural masculine subject .ٍ‫ـ‬gَP +- +L.Tَj‫ أ‬َ َ‫ َ„ـ‬

Notice that the verb remains the same though the number of the subject is changed
from singular to plural. You will notice the same thing in the following sentences.

73
a singular feminine subject .ٍ‫ـ‬gَP +- +َ‫ـ‬gَj ْ0َ‫ـ‬/َ‫ َ„ـ‬
a plural feminine subject .ٍ‫ـ‬gَP +- +&.gَj ْ0َ‫ـ‬/َ‫ َ„ـ‬

Now, if the verb follows its subject, it is marked by both number and gender, as in the
following examples:

.ٍ‫ـ‬gَP +- 
َ َ‫ َ„ـ‬+gَj
.ٍ‫ـ‬gَP +- ‫ا‬/َ‫ َ„ـ‬+L.Tَj‫أ‬
.ٍ‫ـ‬gَP +- ْ0َ‫ـ‬/َ‫ َ„ـ‬+َ‫ـ‬gَj
.ٍ‫ـ‬gَP +-  َ‫ َ„ـ‬+&.gَj
N.B. Some grammarians treat equational sentences as nominal sentences.

Verb Conjugation ‫ل‬6 @‫ ا‬ABCD

The following verbs are in the past tense and conjugated to the singular pronouns.
‫ه‬ -‫ه‬ E
ِ ‫أ‬ E
َ ‫أ‬ ‫أ‬

ْ0َ‫َـ‬ ‫ث‬
َ  َ 0
ِ ْ‫َـ‬ 0
َ ْ‫َـ‬ 0
ُ ْ‫َـ‬ ‫َث‬
ْ0َP.A ‫ش‬
َ .A 0
ِ ْGِA 0
َ ْGِA 0
ُ ْGِA ‫ش‬.A
ْ‫ َرت‬.R ‫ َر‬.R ‫ت‬
ِ ْ
ِR ‫ت‬
َ ْ
ِR ‫ت‬
ُ ْ
ِR ‫ر‬.R
ْ‫ َرت‬. ‫ َر‬. ‫ت‬
ِ ْ
ِ ‫ت‬
َ ْ
ِ ‫ت‬
ُ ْ
ِ ‫ر‬.
ْ0َC‫دا‬ ‫دا َم‬ 0
ِ ْC‫ُد‬ 0
َ ْC‫ُد‬ 0
ُ ْC‫ُد‬ ‫دام‬

The following verbs are in the present tense and conjugated to the plural pronouns.

2
 ُ‫ه‬ (‫ه‬ 2
 ُ‫أـ‬ (ُ‫أـ‬ 2M

َ ْ‫ـ‬sَ ‫ن‬
َ sَ 
َ ْ‫ـ‬sِ‫ن &ـَـ‬َ sَ‫&ـ‬ ‫ ُء‬+َ‫ـ‬ ‫ء‬.E

َ ِC.%ُ ‫ن‬ َ ِC.%ُ 
َ ِC.%ُ‫ن &ـ‬َ ِC.%ُ‫&ـ‬ '
ُ ِC.%ُ‫ـ‬ 'َC.A

َ ُaَْ ‫ن‬ َ ُaَْ 
َ ُaَْ‫ُنَ &ـ‬aَْ‫&ـ‬ '
ُ ُaَْ‫ـ‬ 'َaَ
74
 
َ ْ‫ـ‬gُ‫ـْـ‬pَ ‫ن‬
َ ْ‫ـ‬gُ‫ـْـ‬pَ 
َ ْ‫ـ‬gُ‫ـْـ‬pَ‫ن &ـ‬
َ gُ‫ـْـ‬pَ‫&ـ‬ `
ُ ُ‫ـْـ‬pَ‫ـ‬ `َ‫َـ‬Y

Drill # 1 ‫ ا@ول‬2B=‫أ‬
Use the words and phrases in the Vocabulary List in good sentences:

Drill # 2 G‫ ا‬2B=‫أ‬

Please choose the correct options:

.ٌَ
َ‫ـ‬T ‫ن‬
َ .2َA ‫ن‬
 ‫ِ ُ أ‬gَ‫ْـ‬%َ‫هِ َ
ِة ـ‬.g ‫( ا‬dَ َC َِ‫رَـ‬.gُ2 .F) .1
The phrase between parentheses means:
a. in reference to
b. in comparison to
c. in accordance with

!+َ‫ـ‬gَj . ٌ‫ن‬/َْC ٌHَ‫ ـ‬.A ‫ه)ا‬ .2

The sentence implies that:
a. this is a crazy world
b. this is a crazy friend
c. it is crazy to talk like this

..ً 2ِL‫ دا‬............. ‫ن‬

َ .2َA +- c
َ ْ‫ـ‬g‫ـ‬I ‫ن ا‬
‫إ‬ .3
The correct form of the predicate is option:
ٌ'2َE .‫ت‬ ٍ '2َE .‫ب‬ ً 2َE .‫أ‬

.+&.َ +- .$ُ‫ـْـ‬T‫ أآـٍَ ذ‬........... Qِ )ِ َ‫ه‬ .4

Which of the following adjectives fits best?
ُ ‫ أ )ذ‬.‫ت‬ N )َ‫ أ ـ‬.‫ب‬ ٌ‫ ـَ))ة‬.‫أ‬

75
 ..ً U‫ أ‬.......... 0
ِ Tَ ‫ ِا‬cْ‫ـ‬Xَ‫ ـ‬+-‫ و‬،ٌَ‫ـ‬2َE c
َ ِ&ُ َ‫ـ‬/َC .5
One of the following adjectives cannot be used to describe the city of Tunis. Which?
ٌَ2ِ‫ْ َد‬MُC .‫ت‬ ٌَ‫ـ‬Xuَ‫ ـ‬.‫ب‬ ‫َ
ْدا ُء‬E .‫أ‬

.ُْ‫ه‬,‫ب ا‬
ُ ْ
َ ‫َ ََأتْ ا‬F )ُ ْ/ُC .$ِ‫ أه‬dَ َC Hُ َ
َC 
ُ ُ„ْ>َ& .6
Which of the following statements is true?
a. The civil war is still going on
b. Miriam is participating in the civil war
c. Miriam is unmarried and lives with her family

.ِyَِE‫ زَو‬dَ َC ‫ َ
ًة‬:‫' آ‬
َ ِ‫آ‬.GَC ُy ‫ن‬
‫فأ‬
ُ
ْA‫ أ‬b .7
The suffixed pronouns in this sentence are:
a. object pronouns
b. possessive pronouns
c. both object and possessive

../ِA‫ر‬.P +- c
َ  +Y‫ُ أ‬yْ‫َ
َ&ـ‬E9 ‫ ا‬......... 0
ُ َ4 ‫أ‬ .8
The relative pronoun in option ....... is correct.

‫ ا )ي‬.‫ت‬ 
َ ) ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ + ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

!‫ك‬
َ ِ َF َْA (+/ْ] َ) .9
You want to impress your Arab friend by using the synonym of the sentence between
parentheses. Which option would you choose?
+/ْِC.A .‫ت‬ +ْ
ِ4ْY‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ +/ْِF.T .‫أ‬

.\
ٍ َ4َ ِ ‫ـِون‬F '
َ ِ‫آ‬.Gَ2 ‫ ا‬Qِ )ِ َ‫ ُه‬IN> ‫` ا‬
ُ ُ‫ْـ‬pَ‫&ـ‬ .10
The sentence implies that your friend who told you this:
a. is indifferent
b. protests the authorities

76
 c. supports the authorities

.ٌ`َj +/‫ـ‬9‫ آ‬+/ُ‫ِـ‬C.%ُ .11

You would choose option ... to communicate an opposite message.
ٌ‫ـ‬/َE .‫ت‬ ‫و‬l َA .‫ب‬ ٌ‫ ُود‬.‫أ‬

.ِ] َ ‫ ا‬........... +- .ً X‫َ‰ـ‬C .$ُE‫' زَو‬

ُ َ2ْ%َ .12
Which of the following nouns fits best?
ِ‫ط‬Iُp ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ َِA‫]را‬M ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ َِ%ِC. ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

.َِ‫ـ‬/َ2 ‫ ا‬+- ٍَ%ِC.E 

ُ َ>‫ أ‬............ .13
Which of the following demonstrative pronouns cannot be used in this context?
B
َ ْ‫ &ِـ‬.‫ت‬ Qِ )ِ َ‫ ه‬.‫ب‬ B
َ ِ ‫ ذ‬.‫أ‬

‫ـَ ً؟‬2َEً َ‫ـ‬/َC ............ ْ0 ‫ زا‬.C‫أ‬ .14

Which of the following options would you choose to show your Arab friends that you
know your grammar well?
‫ت‬
ِ ‫َ
و‬F .‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
َ ‫َ
و‬F .‫ب‬ ‫ت‬
ُ ‫َ
و‬F .‫أ‬

.َِْ
g ‫ ا‬+- ............ ‫ـْ َ ُم‬T‫ أ‬Qُ َ ْ‫ـ‬/ِA .15
“He has the oldest car in the village.” You need to select the word in option:
‫ َر ٍة‬.َ .‫ت‬ ‫ َر ًة‬.َ .‫ب‬ ٌ‫ َرة‬.َ .‫أ‬

‫ْ؟‬Hُ‫َِ„ـ‬F ِْCٌَ4
َ‫ـ‬T .$ُ‫ــ‬gَP ْ'َ‫ه‬ .16
Which pair represents the pronouns implied in this question?
Hُ‫ ه‬- Hُ‫ أـ‬.‫ت‬ Hُ‫ أـ‬- +‫ ه‬.‫ب‬ Hُ‫ ه‬- +‫ ه‬.‫أ‬

.ْHُ‫َِ„ـ‬F ِْC .ً4

َ‫ـ‬T .ًَF ‫ـَ
ي‬Gَ‫ َـ‬ .17
The implied subject in this sentence corresponds to the personal pronoun in option:

77
 Hُ‫ ه‬.‫ت‬ Hُ‫ أـ‬.‫ب‬ 0
َ ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

.‫ت‬
ٍ ‫ـَا‬/َ
ِ ْGَA '
َ ْ4َ‫ـ‬T ............ ‫ب‬
ُ ْ
َ ‫ََأتْ ا‬F .18
One of the following adjectives cannot be used. Which?
ُ /َ‫ـ‬Rَ ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ ُ ْ‫ه‬,‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ُ َ‫ـ‬XِL.p ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

.ً َ2uَA ْ0َ>َ‫ ـ‬+

] Fَ
َ% ‫ ا‬Hِ َ‫ ـ‬.% ‫ وا‬.„
C‫ أ‬......... ُ  .]> ‫ت ا‬
ُ .Tَ% ‫أ‬ .19
Which of the following prepositions fits best within this context?
+- .‫ت‬ Œ ‫ إ‬.‫ب‬ 
َ َF .‫أ‬

.‫ْ
ا ِء‬a ‫ ا‬+- ‫ن‬
َ G%َ ........ ‫ َد ًة‬.A ‫َو‬4 ‫أ‬ .20
The only word that can fit in the blank is the one in option:
ٌ‫ة‬.Aُ‫ ر‬.‫ت‬ ٌ‫ َ
ب‬.‫ب‬ ‫و‬l َA .‫أ‬

.
ِ َ2ْ,‫َْ ِ
ا‬4 ‫Œ ا‬A ‫ن‬
] ‫رْ ُد‬,‫ ا‬........... +‫َ ُ ه‬4g% ‫أ‬ .21
One of the following words cannot describe Aqaba in Jordan. Which?
‫ ُء‬./C .‫ت‬ ُ َ
َ‫ـ‬T .‫ب‬ ُ /َC .‫أ‬

.ِXa ‫ـْِ ا‬Iُ% ‫ ا‬........ ‫َا َد‬F Œ ‫ِ ُ

إ‬-.>ُ‫ـ‬/َ .22
Which of the following prepositions fits best?
‫ل‬
َ ِY .‫ت‬ +- .‫ب‬ dَ َC .‫أ‬

‫
ٌ؟‬4‫'ٌ وآ‬2َE 0
َ َ4 ‫ن ا‬
 ‫ أ‬.ًU‫ِ ُ أ‬gَ‫ْـ‬%َ‫هَ'ْ &ـ‬ .23
The subject pronoun does not correspond to the personal pronoun in:
+‫ ه‬.‫ت‬ 0
َ ‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ ه‬.‫أ‬

.َgG ‫ ا‬Qِ )ِ َ‫ِ ُ

ه‬E9>َ& .Cَْ/ِA +ُ
4ْpَُ .24
78
The object pronoun corresponds to the personal pronoun in option:
.‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ 0
َ ‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ 0
ِ ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

.‫ت‬
ٍ ‫ا‬/َ dَ َF‫ر‬, ْ0َ‫ـ‬.‫ آ‬+Y‫ أ‬.$َA ْ0َ‫َـ‬aَ ..........ُ  ‫  ُا ]را‬.CM ‫أ‬ .25
Arabic would only allow you to use the relative pronoun in option:

َ ) ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ + ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ‫ ا )ي‬.‫أ‬

Drill # 3 HG‫ ا‬2B=‫أ‬

a. Provide the correct relative pronoun wherever needed.

.c
َ ِ& +- َِ ‫ْ ِ]را‬0.‫ آ‬.$َA 0 ُ َaَ ........ُ  .CM ‫ أ‬.1
.ٌ'2َE‫
ٌ و‬4َ‫ِ آـ‬y ‫ إ‬./َ‫ـ‬gَ‫ اـ‬........ 0
ُ ِ4 ‫ أ‬.2
.ِ ِL‫ ا َ
ا‬+- .$ُ‫
أ&ـ‬T ........ ٍ ‫ر‬.4Y‫ إ Œ أ‬dَ ِ2 ‫\ أنْ أ‬ N ِ‫ أ‬b .3
.ٌ‫َو‬F ِgI/ِ2 ‫ ا‬Qِ )‫ ه‬+- ‫ن‬َ G%َ ........ ‫س‬ ُ .‫ـ‬/ ‫ أ‬.4
.ٌ‫ت‬.Fَ
َA 0 ِ َ4 ‫ ه)ا ا‬+-  ُ‫ َ>„ـ‬........ ‫ت‬ ُ .4 .‫ـ‬I ‫ أ‬.5
.B
ِ ُ4
َ‫ـ‬T ‫ن‬
ُ „َ ........ ٍ qpَP dَ C ‫ِ
ي‬-.>ُ‫\ أنْ &ـ‬ ُ ِ‫ َـ‬.6

b. Put the words which are between parentheses in the correct form.

.‫ْ
ا ِء‬a ‫ ا‬+- ( ُ ُ‫َوٌ )َ>„ـ‬F +F‫ر‬.T‫ أ‬.1
..‫َِه‬F‫ و‬.$ِِL.A َْA (.‫ أ‬+ ‫ث‬ َ  َ) +َ‫ـ‬gَj .2
‫ِ؟‬gI/ِ2 ‫ ا‬Qِ )‫' َم ٍإ Œ ه‬  ُ‫( آـ‬Hُ‫ أـ‬+‫ ُء‬+َ) ‫ذا‬.2ِ .3
‫ذ ِة ا َ َةِ؟‬. —ِ ' َ ِ‫آ‬.Gِ2 ‫`( ا‬ُ pَ)   ُ$‫ٌ أـ‬hَj ْ'َ‫ ه‬.4
.‫ ِء‬.>َ2 ‫ح ِـŒ ا‬.4a ‫ ا‬ َ ِC (‫ َر‬. ) ‫ل‬ ُ .E]
‫ ِء ا‬b¡َ‫ ه‬.5
.ٍ ‫' اِ
ام‬
] ُ‫„ـ‬F (Hُ‫ ه‬+ ' ُ ِC.%ُ) .‫ـ‬/ُ‫ آـ‬.6

c. Provide the antonyms of the underlined words.

.ِ‫Œ ا ُود‬A .‫ وأ‬.4 ‫ َر ِة‬.‫ِْ ز‬C +%/َC .1
.]+Fَ
َ% ‫ ِا‬H .% ‫ ا‬+- ‫ي‬
l ‫د‬.A‫ءٌ ا‬+P ‫ ه)ا‬.2
79
 .l‫َو‬A B
ِ ‫ـ‬9‫ آ‬B
ِ ِC.%ُ .3
d. Provide the synonyms of the underlined words.
.ً. .C‫ و‬.ً]‫ر‬.ِ& ‫ًا‬M‫َ
ْآ‬C ‫ن‬ ُ .2َA ْ‫ َرت‬.j .1
.ٍ/َ ُ )/ُC F‫ِ إر‬/َC +- ™ ُ %& .2
.ِIُ% ‫ َء ا‬./‫` أ‬َ GَC‫„ـ] ُ
أنْ أزو َر ِد‬-‫ أ‬.3
.‫دي‬.aِT,‫ ِا‬dْ1َ ‫Œ ا‬A ُ ِ2َ‫ْـ‬%&ٌ‫هِ
َة‬.‰ Qِ )ِ َ‫ ه‬.4

e. Rearrange the following groups of words to make good sentences.

.‫ َ
ِة‬a ‫ِ ا‬/َ2 ‫\ ا‬ ِ َ4َ>F dَ َC .$ِِL.A Œ ‫ إ‬./َِ
T ‫ب‬ ِ
َ ‫ِْ ا‬C ْ0g‫ إ‬.1
.'
َ ِ‫آ‬.Gَ2 ‫\ ا‬ ٍ َ4َ b ` ُ ُ‫ـْـ‬pَ‫&ـ‬ ‫ف‬
ُ
ِ A‫ون ِ أ‬F ُ َ‫ـ‬IN> ‫ذا ا‬.2ِ .2
.َِ‫ْ„ِـ‬Gُ2 ‫ا‬ 0
ُ /ُ‫آـ‬ B
ِ َ%َC َْA ُ ِgَ‫ـ‬A‫ُ أ‬y‫ث أـ‬ َ ََ‫ &ـ‬.3
Hَ ْ ‫ـَِ إ‬ggَ ‫
ى ا‬P‫ إ‬b ِ qْpG ‫ف ا‬ ُ
ِ A‫ ا )ي أ‬+&‫ر‬.َ +- .4

Drill # 4 I"‫ اا‬2B=‫أ‬

Please choose the correct options and explain WHY:
.‫ع‬
َ 4 ,‫ـٍ ه)ا ا‬gَP ŒA ‫َا‬aَ .1
The synonym of the verb within this context is in option:
‫ا‬2>T‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ ‫
وا‬E9 ‫ إ‬.‫ب‬ ‫َا‬C.A .‫أ‬

.َ َ‫ـ‬ggَ ‫ ا‬b‫ إ‬............... .C i

ِ .F ْ0َ2َ>T‫أ‬ .2
“She swore by Allah that she told nothing but the truth.” Which of the following verbs
can be used?

َ ُ‫ـ‬T .‫ت‬ ْ0 .T .‫ب‬ 0
ُ ُ‫ـ‬T .‫أ‬

‫ءَ؟‬.>َ2 ‫ ه)ا ا‬.2/]> ‫ َم ا‬.C‫ُ أ‬yُ‫ـِـ‬F.gُ‫هَ'ْ َـ‬ .3

The subject and object pronouns correspond to the pair in option:
0
ِ ‫ أ‬- +‫ ه‬.‫ت‬ ‫ ه‬- 0
َ ‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ 0
َ ‫ أ‬- 0
ِ ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

80
 .‫ـِ ًا‬E \
ٍ 
َ‫ـ‬T ٍ ‫رع‬.P +- .......... ، ‫ك‬
َ
َ َ ْdِ‫ـ‬F.& .4
Only the noun in option .... can be used to fill in the blank.
ُ /َ2 ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ ŒXGْ>ُ2 ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ُ َC„ُ ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

../ِ2َ‫ ـ‬.A +- ‫ي‬

l ‫د‬.A ٌ‫ء‬+َP ‫ه)ا‬ .5
Which adjective would you select if you want to send the opposite message?
ٌ\
َ‫ …ـ‬.‫ت‬ ٌ\
َ‫ـ‬T .‫ب‬ ‫د‬l .E .‫أ‬

. ........... ْ0َ>َ‫ن ـ‬
ُ .2َA ‫َا َد‬F dَ َC َِ‫رَـ‬.gُ2 .F .6
One of the following adjectives can be used as a predicate. Which?
‫ َ
ٍة‬4َ‫ آـ‬.‫ت‬ ٌ‫
َة‬4َ‫ آـ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ َ
ًة‬4َ‫ آـ‬.‫أ‬

. ........... Œ ‫ إ‬
َ E.َْ‫ &ـ‬B
ِ ‫ـ‬- ً َU
َC 
َ „َ‫ &ـ‬.Cَ/ِA .7
Logically speaking, only option ... can be used to fill in the blank.
.‫ُارا ٍة‬C .‫ت‬ ٍَ4َ ./ُC .‫ب‬ ٍَ2َA .‫أ‬

.ُ ِL‫ـَا‬- ٍ ‫ـَم‬T َ /ِAٍ ‫ـَم‬T (\

ُ ِL.aَC) .8
The synonym of the word in parentheses is option:
‫ ُة‬.Aُ‫ ر‬.‫ت‬ ُ َ‫ ـ‬.Cَ‫ ز‬.‫ب‬ '
ُ ِ‫آ‬.GَC .‫أ‬

..¢ُ‫ أور‬+- ٍَ‫ـ‬/َC ......... c

ُ ‫ر‬.F .9
Which form of adjective is correct within this context?
ٌ5uَ‫ ـ‬.‫ت‬ ٌَ‫ـ‬Xuَ‫ ـ‬.‫ب‬ 5
ُ َ‫ـ‬u‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

.0
َ َ4 ‫ي ه)ا ا‬
َ
َ‫ْـ‬P‫ َـŒ أ‬....... ‫ي‬/ِA .C .10
I do not have enough ........ to buy this beautiful house.
ٌَaْ‫ـ‬Yُ‫ ر‬.‫ت‬ ٌ‫ل‬.C .‫ب‬ ٌ0Tَ‫ و‬.‫أ‬
81
 .ٍ ‫ل‬.2ِ‫ـ‬E‫ ٍ و‬M/َA‫ ٍ و‬Hَ‫ـ‬/َ… ‫ ُة‬.Aُ‫ْ ر‬Hُ‫ْ
ا ِء وه‬a ‫ ا‬+- ‫َو‬4 ‫ ا‬
ُ ُ‫َ>„ـ‬ .11
Which verb would you choose if you put the subject in initial position (before the verb)?
‫ن‬
َ /ُ‫ &ـَ>ْ„ـ‬.‫ت‬ 
ُ ُ‫ ـَ>ْ„ـ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ن‬
َ /ُ‫ َ>ْ„ـ‬.‫أ‬

.َِ‫ـ‬Iُ% ‫ ا‬.......... ‫ب‬

ِ
ِ َْ2 ‫ِ ُ
إ Œ ا‬-.>ُ‫ـ‬/َ .12
Which of the following words cannot be used to fill in the blank?
‫ل‬
َ ِY .‫ت‬ ‫ َء‬./‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ '
َ ْ‫ـ‬:ِC .‫أ‬

.B
َ ِ ‫ْ َ ذ‬%َF .$َE‫ و‬Mَ َ‫ْ َ
أ ًة &ـ‬C‫ ِر ا‬.Iِg ‫ ا‬+- '
َ َF.T .13
The sentence says that the couple met:
a. on the train
b. at the airport
c. in a wedding party

.‫ـِ ًا‬E ......... ‫ ا َ َم‬B

َ َ‫ـ‬-N
َaَ‫ن &ـ‬
‫لإ‬
َ T‫أر ُ أنْ أ‬ .14
Which of the following options would you choose to fill in the blank if you wanted to
express some appreciation?
ٌ5Iَ‫ ـ‬.‫ت‬ ٌ‫ء‬+َ .‫ب‬ +
l %4َR .‫أ‬

.ِِ„ْGُ2 ‫َْ ا‬A B

ِ َ%َC ‫ث‬
َ  ََ‫ُ &ـ‬y‫ِ ُ أـ‬gَ‫ـ‬A‫ أ‬0
ُ /ُ‫آـ‬ .15
The synonym of the sentence's main verb is in option:
ٌ5Iَ‫ ـ‬.‫ت‬ 
N ُ‫ أ‰ـ‬.‫ب‬ Hُ ‫ أ&„ـَـ‬.‫أ‬

.‫َ
ْدا ُء‬E ‫ن‬
] ‫رْ ُد‬,‫َ
ْق ِا‬P +- ‫ل‬
ُ .4ِ‫أ ـ‬ .16
Which of the following statements is false?
a. This is a verbal sentence.
b. This is a nominal sentence.
c. This is an equational sentence.

82
 .‫ْ
ا ِء‬a ‫ ا‬+- +F‫ر‬.T‫' أ‬
N ُ‫ وآـ‬+ِL.A 
ُ ُ‫&ـَ>ْ„ـ‬ .17
Therefore, I am:
‫ي‬
l ‫ََو‬F .‫ت‬ ٌ‫ ِس‬/$ُC .‫ب‬ ٌ‫ذ‬. ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

.0
ِ َ4 ‫ر ِا‬.‫ِْ إ‬C
ُ َ‫ـ‬:‫ـِ أآ‬gG ‫ َر ا‬.‫ن إ‬
 ‫د أ‬l .E 0
َ ‫هَ'ْ أ‬ .18
The semi-synonym of the predicate adjective of the main sentence is in option:
ٌ]‫آـ‬9ُC .‫ت‬ ٌMMَA .‫ب‬ ٌ‫اج‬MِC .‫أ‬

.ً َ‫ـ‬2َE ً َ‫ـ‬/َC ............ ْ0َ‫ زا ـ‬.C‫أ‬ .19

Only the noun in option .... can be used to fill in the blank.
‫ت‬
ِ ‫َ
و‬F .‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
َ ‫َ
و‬F .‫ب‬ ‫ت‬
ُ ‫َ
و‬F .‫أ‬

..ً 4
gَ‫ ا ' ِ&ـ‬5
َ ْaِ 0
ُ Tَ ‫ن ا‬
َ .‫آ‬ .20
Though it requires that the word order should be rearranged, which of the following
words can substitute for the adverb?
ٍ ‫
ار‬2ِ .F .‫ت‬ + ‫ َا‬.‫ب‬ ً َ‫ـ‬ggَ .‫أ‬

.ِ ‫ُُن‬2 ‫ـِْ َ
ِة إ Œ ا‬$ ‫ِْ ا‬C 
َ َ‫ـ‬X ‫ت ا‬
ُ .Iُ‫ـ‬N> ‫ْ ا‬0َ%َ‫ـ‬/َC .21
You can send the opposite message by replacing the verb with its antonym in option:
ْ0َ‫َـ‬C.A .‫ت‬ ْ0َ%َP .‫ب‬ ْ0َ‫ـ‬gَ‫َـ‬Y .‫أ‬

.ُyُ‫ـ‬-ِ
ْ%َ‫ &ـ‬.........ً ُE‫ ِ ِ َر‬Hَ%ْ‫ـ‬Iَ2 ‫' ا‬
ِ َYَْC َ ْ/ِA ْ0َ‫َـ‬F.T .22
The correct form of the relative pronoun is:
no relative pronoun .‫ت‬ + ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ‫ ا )ي‬.‫أ‬

.
َ َC ُ َ>ْ2َY .‫َـَِه‬F +- ِ ‫ن‬.„N> ‫َ َ ُد ا‬A .23
One of the following words can replace the second term of Idaafa without changing the
meaning. Which?
َِCِْp ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ ِ ‫س‬.‫ـ‬/ ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ِ
َْ4 ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬
83
 .l‫َو‬A +/‫ـ‬9‫ آ‬+/ُ‫ِـ‬C.%ُ .24
The synonym of the underlined word is in option:
ٌ‫ـُ ُ
ق‬R .‫ت‬ ٌ‫ـَ> َة‬T .‫ب‬ '
ُ :ِC .‫أ‬

.‫ن‬
َ .2َA Œ ‫` إ‬
َ ْGَC‫ِْ ِد‬C ٍ ‫ْ
ار‬2ِ .F ........... ‫ت‬
ُ ‫را‬.> ‫أ‬ .25
The correct form of the verb which can be used here is option:
‫ن‬
َ ‫ َ>
و‬.‫ت‬ ‫ن‬
َ ْ
ِ>َ .‫ب‬
ُ >َ‫ &ـ‬.‫أ‬

Reading Exercise ‫ ا>اءة‬2B=D

Read the following words, phrases and sentences into your tape recorder, then listen to
them. Give the tape to your teacher to check your performance:
‫َو‬4 ‫أ‬ ٌ‫ة‬.Aُ‫ر‬ ٌ‫ر‬.IِT 0
ُ ْsِE ٌ‫ َرة‬.ِ&
ٌَ2ِj.A ٌَXuَ ٌَِC.‫آ‬ ٌَA‫زِرا‬ ٌَ2ِ‫ْ َد‬MُC
./ِ2َ .A +- Hِ ,‫ ِا‬cْXَ/ِF 
َ َC َُ>ْ2َY
dَ َC َِ‫ َر‬.gُ2 .F
ُ َ2ْ,‫َْ ُ
ا‬4 ‫أ‬ ٌ ‫ ٌَ دِرا‬.Cَ‫ز‬
ُ‫ه‬,‫ب ا‬ ُ ْ
َ ‫أ‬ +
N .]> ‫ ا‬dُ ْ1َ ‫أ‬ ٌ‫َْ
او‬j ٌَgَIْ/ِC
ُ›] َ َُ2 ‫ ا‬rُ َF,‫َْ ُ
ا‬4 ‫أ‬

84
 ‫ك!‬‫َ ]ْ‪َ ِ ََF َْA +/‬‬
‫‪.‬‬‫ن ا ‪َ َC َُ>2َY ِ ََ4‬‬ ‫ ُ„‪ُ .‬‬
‫ل ا َ
ْدا ُء ‪ْ
َP +-‬ق ِا ‪.ِ ََ4‬‬ ‫أ ِ‪ُ .4‬‬
‫ ِ‪.IَC َِ/َ2‬رٌ ‪ +- ٌَE‬ا ادي‪.‬‬
‫‪ b‬ا َ‪!ََgg‬‬ ‫‪0‬إ ‬ ‫‪ُ ُT .C i‬‬ ‫ُأ‪ِ .F Hُ ِ>ْT‬‬
‫ي‪.‬‬
‫' إ‪.ْA‬د ‪K‬‬ ‫ت ‪ٍ ْ„َGِF‬‬‫&َ> ُ
ا ‪.Iِg‬را ُ‬
‫‪.+‬‬‫ي ‪ ./ِ2َ .A +-‬ا ‪] F
َ َ%‬‬ ‫هَ)ا ‪+َP‬ءٌ إ‪.A‬د ‪l‬‬
‫ب ا‪,‬هُ ‪ +-‬أ‪.„
ْC‬؟‬ ‫آَ‪ ْH‬ا َ‪
 َ2‬تْ ا َ
ْ ُ‬
‫ل ا ‪.ِ ََ4‬‬
‫‪ َُRْ
ُP +/َْ%َ/َC‬ا ُو ِد ‪ ِْC‬دُ‪ِ Y‬‬
‫ إ‪!ٌ`َj ُy‬‬ ‫‪َ  gَ& 0‬‬ ‫ُ‪ +/ُِC.%‬آ‪l َA +/9‬و َ‪ ُy‬وأْ ِ‬

‫‪85‬‬
 Unit # 5 (5) ()‫
ة ر‬,-‫أ‬
Cindy and Liza have been in Damascus for a year’s stay. Now it is time to go
home, and they are getting ready to buy presents and do some shopping. They go
to the Souq al-Hamidiya and seem to enjoy bargaining with a shopkeeper.

!0
ُ ْ/F . .‫ ه‬:‫ي‬/
‫ذا &ُ
َ؟‬.C :‫ا‬M
..ْ
Y9& !+]َA :‫ي‬/
‫ذا؟‬.C ŒA .ْ
Y9& :‫ا‬M
‫ِ؟‬0>َ ْ'َ‫ ه‬:‫ي‬/
‫ُ؟‬0>َ ‫ذا‬.C :‫ا‬M
.ِ2َ ‫\ ا َ َم إ Œ ق ا‬
ُ َ‫)ه‬/َ ./‫ أ‬0 ِ >َ B ِ َ ‫َ ُ
أ‬$uَ :‫ي‬/
!ًَ.>ْ%َ 0
ُ ِ‫ ز‬.C +]/„ ‫ و‬،ُ0>َ .C ،b :‫ا‬M
.‫ِ ًا‬E ‫َ َ
ًة‬Y
] 9َُC 0
ِ ْ2ِ ،ً.%ْ4َR :‫ي‬/
86
 ‫ل‪ ،‬إ‪.ًَA. +/IْA‬‬ ‫' ‪ٍ .‬‬ ‫‪ ŒA .0‬آُ ]‬ ‫ ‪M‬ا‪ b :‬أ&)آ ُ
‪ُ 2ِ ŒC‬‬
‫ن ه‪ +‬ا اِ َ ُة ‪ َ %َF‬ا ‪.
ِ ْ$Nu‬‬ ‫ن ا >‪َ َA.‬اŠ َ‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪ dَ َC
ُ Y9َ/َ :‬أ ‬
‫‪
ْ%َP 5‬ي ‪.....‬‬ ‫ ‪M‬ا‪ :‬أر ُ أنْ أ َِ ‪ H‬أو‪ً b‬وُأ‪َ ]XَE‬‬
‫س‪.‬‬
‫‪ r‬ا ‪ِ ُX‬‬ ‫\ ‪َ ْ%َF‬‬ ‫\ إ Œ ا ‪َ َْ , B/َ4‬‬ ‫ج أنْ أذهَ َ‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪ :‬أ‪َ .‬‬
‫‪.B‬‬‫ دو‪b‬راً‪ ،‬إنْ &ُ‪َ +]4‬ذ ِ َ‬ ‫‪َ >2َY B‬‬ ‫ أنْ ُأ َ]‪ِ َX‬‬
‫ ‪M‬ا‪ُ ِ„ْ2ُ :‬‬
‫ دو‪b‬رًا‪.‬‬ ‫ج أآ‪َ >2َY ِْC
َ َ:‬‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪ً
„ُP ،b :‬ا‪ .‬أ‪ُ .‬‬
‫ق؟‬‫' ا >‪ِ N‬‬ ‫ آُ ‬‫ ‪M‬ا‪ :‬هَ'ْ ََ‪َ 
َْG‬‬
‫‪,‬ه‪ +‬وَ‪ +44‬وُأ‪.+ْY‬‬ ‫ج هَا‪َ .‬‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪ :‬أ‪َ .‬‬
‫ إ Œ ا ‪َ .2َ/َF B/َ4‬أ َْ‪.N ِ%‬‬ ‫ ‪M‬ا‪.2ِ :‬ذا ‪ْ)َ& b‬هَ‪َ 4‬‬
‫‪ c‬أآ‪!ٍَA. ِْC
َ َ:‬‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪
َ ْ„ِ- :‬ةٌ ‪ ،ٌَ gْ%َC‬و „ْ َ َ‬
‫‪ ً/َ B‬آ‪!ًَِC.‬‬ ‫‪ِ ُ2ََ& 5‬‬ ‫ ‪M‬ا‪ . +ِْA. :‬إ ‪ . +ِْA. !+$‬إ ‪ !+$‬آَ َ‬
‫‪ . 0‬آَ>َُْ!‬ ‫‪ c‬أآ‪ُ /ِF . ،ٍَA. ِْC
َ َ:‬‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪َ َ :‬‬
‫‪ 5‬ا َ  ِ‪!H‬‬ ‫ ‪M‬ا‪ِ ‰َ 2ِ +Cَ :‬‬
‫' ‪] Mَ َُC‬وجٌ!‬
‫ ‪/‬ي‪.A :‬رٌ ‪ ،ِBََA‬ا 
‪ُ ُE‬‬
‫\ ا َ
ا َم!‬ ‫ن! ‪ ،ِBN2ُ$َ b‬أ‪ .‬أِ ‪N‬‬ ‫ ‪M‬ا‪ :‬وإذا آ‪َ .‬‬
‫‪Cindy and Liza are in the market now.‬‬
‫ق ‪َ ْMُC‬دِ‪ً ِE ٌH‬ا ا َ َم‪.‬‬‫ ‪/‬ي‪ :‬أ >‪ُ N‬‬
‫ ‪M‬ا‪ًَ… :‬ا ه َ ُم ا ُ‪.َِ%ْ2‬‬
‫' ا‪ِ .,‬م‪.‬‬‫ق ‪َ ْMُC‬دِ‪ً ِE ٌH‬ا آُ ‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪ :‬هَ)ا ا >‪ُ N‬‬
‫‪!b‬‬‫ن أ و ً‬ ‫ ‪M‬ا‪Mَ :‬و ُر ه)ا ا ‪َ Mَ ْpَ2‬‬
‫ل ‪ً ِE‬ا‪ .‬أ‪)ََ& b‬آ
َ؟‬ ‫ن …‪ٍ .‬‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪ ،b :‬ه)ا ا ‪ُ Mَ ْpَ2‬‬
‫‪ .B‬أ ‪ُ .%‬ر ُ‪ٍ
 َC
َ ِY6 Q‬ة آ‪.ًَ .… ْ0َ.‬‬ ‫` ‪ِ َ%َC‬‬
‫ ‪M‬ا‪ :‬أ َ ‬
‫\ أنْ ُ>‪ِ .‬و َم أ‪..ً .‬‬ ‫ن َِ ُ‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪ ،ٌhَj :‬وا‪ُ .>v‬‬
‫ ‪M‬ا‪ :‬أ ‪َ .>ُ2‬و‪ َُC‬هِاَ‪ +/ُ4ِْ%ُ .+‬أنْ ُأ ‪ِ .‬و َم!‬
‫' دو‪ٍ b‬ر‪.‬‬
‫ن ‪ ِْC‬أ‪ِ ْE‬‬
‫ ‪/‬ي‪
ُ aَ& :‬ا ‪َ .>ُ2‬و‪ ًِ2ُC َُC‬أ‪ِ .>ُ ..ً .‬و ُم ا‪ُ .>v‬‬
‫ن ‪ً
ِR.P‬ا‪.‬‬ ‫ن ا‪ُ .>v‬‬ ‫\ أنْ َ„ َ‬ ‫ ‪M‬ا‪ :‬هَ ِ) ِ‪َ َ Q‬و&ُ‪ُ َِ ..$‬‬
‫‪!q‬‬
‫' ‪ٍ ْpَP‬‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪ :‬هَ¡‪ِ b‬ء ا ‪ َُA.4‬أ‪ ِْC
ُ َIْP‬آُ ]‬
‫‪87‬‬
 ‫ ‪M‬ا‪ :‬دَ‪
َ ./A‬ى!‬
‫ن‪.‬‬
‫ب هَ)ا ا ‪َ Mَ ْpَ2‬‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪َ
] َُ/ِ ،ْ\]R :‬‬
‫أ ‪ :dL.4‬أهً‪ ،‬أَ ‪ٍَCِْY‬؟‬
‫ ‪/‬ي‪ ْHَ„ِF :‬هَ)ا ا ‪.ْ>ُX‬نُ؟‬
‫ن دو‪b‬رًا‪.‬‬ ‫ن ‪ ِْC‬ا َ
 ِ
و ِ‪ Qُ
ُ ْ%‬أر‪َ %َF‬‬ ‫أ ‪ :dL.4‬هَ)ا ا ‪ُ .ْ>ُX‬‬
‫ن ‪ٍْIُT‬؟‬ ‫ ‪M‬ا‪ :‬هَ'ْ هَ)ا ‪ُ .ْ>ُ-‬‬
‫‪.5‬‬
‫أ ‪ ،ْHَ%َ :dL.4‬وه ‪ِ 'ْaَXِ ٌ\ِ ./ُC‬ا ‪ِ a‬‬
‫ف‪.‬‬‫ ‪/‬ي‪ :‬وهَ)ا ا ‪ ِْC ُyُ„َP ،ُq2َg‬ا ‪ِ Na‬‬
‫‪.q‬‬
‫ف ا ‪ِ ِ .p‬‬ ‫‪/ْaَC q‬عٌ ‪ ِْC‬ا ‪ِ Na‬‬ ‫أ ‪ :dL.4‬هَ)ا ا ‪ُ 2َg‬‬
‫' ا ‪ِ .]G‬ء‪.‬‬‫ ‪M‬ا‪ً ِE ٌ\ِ ./ُC :‬ا ِ‪ِ ْaَX‬‬
‫ل‪.‬‬‫' ا ‪ِ aُX‬‬ ‫ك ‪] ُ„ِ ًَA.UِF‬‬ ‫ن ‪َ َ ْ/ِA‬‬‫ ِ‪/‬ي‪
ُ َ$uَ :‬أ ‬
‫' ‪ِ ِF‬د ا ‪.Hِ َ .%‬‬‫ا ‪ .َْ/ِA ُy, :dL.4‬احٌ ‪ ِْC‬آُ ]‬
‫ن هَ)ا؟‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪.C :‬ذا &ُ>َ‪َ N2‬‬
‫ دو‪b‬رًا‪.‬‬ ‫‪َ َ:ِF ٌ]َE +‬‬ ‫ا ‪ :dL.4‬هَ)ا ‪.IْXُT‬نٌ رِ‪l .E‬‬
‫ن‪.‬‬
‫‪ ُyَ 0‬هَ)ا ا ‪َ .IْXُg‬‬ ‫ح وا ِي إذا ا‪ُ 
َ َP‬‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪ُ
َ Xََ :‬‬
‫ك ‪.>ُ-‬نٌ ِ
‪ِdF‬؟‬ ‫ ‪M‬ا‪ :‬هَ'ْ ‪َ َ /ِA‬‬
‫ن دو‪b‬رًا‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 5‬و ِ‪
GِA Qُ
ُ ْ%‬و َ‬ ‫ن ا‪ dِ F
 ِ
ُ َUْY,‬وا ‪ِ 
َp‬‬ ‫ا ‪ :dL.4‬هَ)ا ا ‪ُ .>ُX‬‬
‫‪ q‬ا‪ُ
َ2ْ,‬؟ هَ'ْ ه رِ‪l+ .E‬؟‬ ‫ ‪M‬ا‪ :‬وهَ)ا ا ‪ُ 2َg‬‬
‫‪.c‬‬
‫‪ِ ْ„َ% .F c‬‬
‫‪ +‬وا ‪ُ ْ„َ%‬‬ ‫‪l L.>ِ +‬‬ ‫ك ‪ْ
َ-‬قٌ هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬ا‪َ .,‬م! أ
]‪N .E‬‬ ‫‪ c‬هُ‪َ ./‬‬ ‫ا ‪َ َ :dL.4‬‬
‫ن َ‪!+44‬‬ ‫‪َ .aْ2ُT c‬‬ ‫‪ !ٌhَj B‬أ‪ .‬دا‪ .ً2ِL‬أ ‪ُ َ4‬‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪ :‬آَ‪َ ُC‬‬
‫‪ B‬ا‪ُrَF,‬؟‬ ‫ ‪M‬ا‪ :‬و‪ .C‬هَ)ا ا‪ُ  ,‬د ا ‪ َ ُ2‬ورُ‪ ،‬وذ ِ َ‬
‫‪ r‬آ‪.ٌ-‬‬ ‫ا ‪ :dُ L.4‬أ‪ُ َ ,‬د ا ‪ َ ُ2‬و ُر ‪.gِA‬لٌ‪ ،‬وا‪ُ َF,‬‬
‫س ‪ ŒA‬ا
أسِ؟‬ ‫ ‪M‬ا‪ :‬هَ'ْ َ‪ .2$ُ>َ4‬ا ‪ُ ./‬‬
‫س‪.‬‬
‫س ‪ ŒA‬ا
أ ِ‬ ‫ا ‪ .2$ُ>َ4َ ،ْHَ%َ :dL.4‬ا ‪ُ ./‬‬
‫ ‪/‬ي‪ ُyُ4ِْ%ُ& +44َ :‬هَ) ِ‪ Q‬ا‪ُ .P,‬ء‪ ِْ„ْ2ُ .‬أنْ أ‪.ُyَ .2ِ$
َْP‬‬
‫ ‪ ُyَ.aْ2ُT‬دا‪..ً 2ِL‬‬ ‫‪َ >َ4َ& 0‬‬ ‫ا ‪ :dL.4‬هَ)ا ‪
َ1‬وري‪ُ .C ،l‬د‪ِ ْC‬‬
‫‪ c‬أ‪
ْT‬ا‪ +R‬و‪.+.aْ2ُT‬‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪ :‬ه دا‪ُ َ4َ .ً 2L‬‬
‫‪88‬‬
 ‫ا ‪ .ُ
ُْ>َ :dL.4‬ا‪ .ُ
ُْ>َ !i‬ا‪!i‬‬
‫‪.+‬‬
‫ي أ‪K j‬‬ ‫ج ِ)ا ٍء ر ‪K‬‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪ :‬أ‪ ُ 
ُ& +]C‬زَو َ‬
‫س ‪.$ِCَ َT‬؟‬ ‫ا ‪ .َ/ِA :dL.4‬أْ)ٌَ ‪َ .ْ2ُC ٌََC‬زةٌ‪ .C .‬ه ‪ُ .T‬‬
‫ ‪/‬ي‪ :‬أ‪ ُ ِgَْA‬أ‪.ٌَ.2َ ُy‬‬
‫ن دو‪b‬رًا‪.‬‬ ‫ي َ‪
ْGُA ُyُ/َ2‬و َ‬ ‫ج ِ)ا ٍء ‪K ْِE‬‬ ‫ا ‪ :dL.4‬هَ)ا زَو ُ‬
‫ل وا „‪ِ-‬؟‬ ‫ ا ‪ِ .gِ%‬‬‫ ‪M‬ا‪ :‬آَ‪ُ َ2َ ْH‬‬
‫ن ا
‪ِdF‬؟‬ ‫ ‪َ .ْ>ُ-‬‬‫ت‪ .‬هَ'ْ &ُِ‪َ ]4‬‬ ‫ا ‪ُ
َ ْGَA :dL.4‬ة دو‪b‬را ٍ‬
‫ ‪M‬ا‪ :‬آَ‪ُyُ/َ2َ ْH‬؟‬
‫ن دو‪b‬رًا‪.‬‬ ‫ا ‪ :dL.4‬أر‪َ %َF‬‬
‫ل وا „‪.ِ-‬‬ ‫ن وا ‪ِ .gِ%‬‬ ‫ن دو‪b‬رًا ِ‪ِ .ْ>ُX‬‬ ‫ ‪M‬ا‪ :‬هَ ِ) ِ‪َ َ Q‬‬
‫ب ا َ
 ِ
‪.‬‬ ‫ دو‪b‬رًا ِِ)ا ِء وَ ِ‬ ‫‪ B‬أرْ‪َ %َF‬‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪ :‬أ‪ .‬أ‪َ IْA‬‬
‫ دو‪b‬رًا‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ٍَ>ْ2َpِF B‬و‪َ >ْ2َY‬‬ ‫ن دو‪b‬رًا‪ ،‬و „ْ َ ِ‬ ‫ا ‪َ Nُ .$ُ/َ2َ .b :dL.4‬‬
‫ن‪.‬‬
‫ ‪/‬ي‪ ٌَ>ْ2َY b :‬وأر‪َ %F‬‬
‫' ‪
ِ ْ%ِ ِْC‬ا „ُ‪./ْ%َC .َِX‬ه‪!
ُ َ>ْY9 .‬‬ ‫! هَ)ا أ‪N َT‬‬ ‫ا ‪ٍ ِ„ْ2ُC
ُ َ… :dL.4‬‬
‫ت أ‪
ْY‬ى‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ََ>ْ2َY B‬دو‪b‬را ٍ‬ ‫ف ‪ ُy, ،ُ
َ>ْpَ& b‬أ‪َ َُIْA‬‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪َ َ :‬‬
‫ي ‪+َP‬ءٍ؟‬ ‫ا ‪] , :dL.4‬‬
‫ن‪.‬‬
‫ل وا ‪ِ .ْ>ُX‬‬ ‫ن دو‪b‬رًا ِ„‪ ِ-‬وا ‪ِ .gِ%‬‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪ ٌَ>2َY :‬وأر‪َ %F‬‬
‫ن ‪!ْ›َgَ-‬‬‫ن دو‪b‬رًا ِ‪ِ .ْ>ُX‬‬ ‫ا ‪ :dL.4‬أر‪َ %َF‬‬
‫ ا ‪.IْXُg‬نِ؟‬ ‫ ‪M‬ا‪ :‬آَ‪ُ َ2َ ْH‬‬
‫ن دو‪b‬رًا‪.‬‬ ‫ا ‪َ Nِ :dL.4‬‬
‫ك!‬
‫‪ِ .E َ ْ/ِA q‬ر َ‬ ‫ن أرْ‪ُ َY‬‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪ :‬أ ‪ُ .IْXُg‬‬
‫ ا َ ‪ ٌَ .… ُyَُA.UF ،َِp‬دا‪!.ً 2ِL‬‬ ‫‪ .‬إ‪ُ F‬‬‫ا ‪ b :dL.4‬أ‰ُ ‪N‬‬
‫ن دو‪b‬رًا‪.‬‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪ ،40+45 :‬هَ ِ) ِ‪ ٌَ>2َY Q‬و‪َ .2‬‬
‫ا ‪./%َC :dL.4‬ه‪.
ُ َ>Y9 .‬‬
‫'‪.‬‬
‫‪ +- B‬ا ‪ِ َ4ْgَْ>ُ2‬‬ ‫ف ‪
َْGَ/َ ُy,
ُ َ>pَ& b‬ي ‪َ ْ/ِC‬‬ ‫ ‪/‬ي‪َ  :‬‬
‫ا ‪ :dL.4‬رَ‪.E‬ءً‪
ِ4ْpُ& b ،‬وا أ‪ َْA Hُ„َF.ْj‬هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬ا‪.%ْ ,‬رْ‪.‬‬
‫ ‪/‬ي‪ :‬أ‪ًَF‬ا! ا‪.%ْ ,‬رْ أ ْ
ارْ!‬
‫‪89‬‬
 !ْ‫ر‬./ ْ‫رْ 
وح‬.%ْ ,‫ْ ا‬hَUْXَ َْC‫ و‬:‫ا‬M
...... ْ‫ر‬.%ْ ,‫ْ ا‬hَUْXَ َْC :‫ي‬/
!....... ْ‫ر‬.%ْ ,‫ْ ا‬hَUْXَ& َْC ،ُ0ُT .C .‫ ا‬:‫ا‬M

Questions about the text /0‫ ا‬2 45#‫أ‬

Answer the following questions.

‫ا؟‬M ْ0َ>َ ‫ذا‬.C .1

‫ً؟‬b‫' أ و‬َ ‫َـ‬%Xَ& ْ‫ا أن‬M ُ 
ُ& ‫ذا‬.C .2
‫؟‬B/4 ‫\ إ Œ ا‬ َ َ‫ي َأنْ &َ)ْه‬/ ُ 
ُ& \ ٍ َ4َ ‫ي‬] , .3
‫ي؟‬/ِ ŒA ‫ا‬M ْ0َ
َ ْT‫ذا ا‬.C .4
‫فِ؟‬Na ‫ ا‬q ِ 2َT َْA ‫ا‬M ْ0َ .T ‫ذا‬.C .5
‫ِ؟‬dِL.4ِ ‫ي‬/ ‫ا و‬M ْ0َ%َ-‫ْ َد‬Hَ‫ آ‬.6
‫]؟‬+%F
‫ن ا‬ ِ .ْ>ُX ‫ن ا‬
ُ َ .C .7
‫ي؟‬/ ‫َ َ ِم ُأ ]م‬T ‫س‬
ُ .ِT ‫ ه‬.C .8
‫ ِورِ؟‬.ُ2 ‫ن ا‬ ِ Mَ ْpَ2 ‫ ا‬+- ‫ َر‬.%ْ ,‫ي ا‬/ ْ0َXَj‫ َو‬5 َ َ‫ آ‬.9
‫`َ؟‬% ‫ هَ)ا ا‬dَ ِ2َ .Cَْ/ِA ‫ن‬ِ Mْpَ2 ‫\ ا‬ ِ ِ.j ` ُ %& ‫ ه‬.C .10

Cultural Expressions 4678‫رات ا‬:6‫أ‬

!0 ُ ْ/F . .‫ه‬ Come on girl!
!+]َA Hurry up!
!B ِ N2ُ$َ b Don’t worry!
N ِ%َْ ‫ أ‬.2َ/َF while I get ready
ٌَ g%َC ٌ‫ِ„ َ
ة‬- reasonable idea
.B َ ِ ‫ َذ‬+]4ُِ& ْ‫إن‬ If you (f) like that.
!+$ ‫ إ‬. +ِْA. My God, help!
!َُْ>َ‫ آ‬. 0 ُ /ِF . You, lazy girl!

90
 !ٌ‫ ]وج‬Mَ َُC 'ُ ُE
 ‫ ا‬،ِBََA ٌ‫ر‬.A Shame on you. The man is married!
!‫ن‬ َ .‫وإذا آ‬ So what?
!‫\ ا َ
ا َم‬ N ِ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬ I love sin!
.+َ‫َُ هِا‬C‫ َو‬.>ُ2 ‫أ‬ Bargaining is my hobby.
..$ُ&‫ َ َو‬Qِ )ِ َ‫ه‬ That is its sweetness.
.‫ِ
ًا‬R.P ‫ن‬ ُ .>v‫ن ا‬ َ „َ ْ‫\ أن‬ ُ َِ One has to be smart.
!q ٍ ْpَP ' ] ُ‫ِْ آ‬C
ُ َIْP‫َُ أ‬A.4 ‫ ِء ا‬b¡َ‫ ه‬Those venders are the smartest!
!‫ب‬ ُ
] َُ ./Aَ‫د‬ Let us try!
!‫ َ
ى‬./Aَ‫د‬ Let us see!
!' ُ ُYَْ ./Aَ‫د‬ Let us get in!
.‫ن‬َ Mَ ْpَ2 ‫ب هَ)ا ا‬ َ
] َُ/ِ ،ْ\]R OK, let us try this store.
.َِXُ„ ‫ْ ِ
ا‬%ِ ِْC ' N َT‫هَ)ا أ‬ This is less than cost.
!
ُ َ>ْY9 .‫ه‬./ْ%َC It means I will lose.
c
ِ ْ„َ% .F c ُ ْ„َ% ‫وا‬ and vise versa
!i‫ ا‬.ُ
ُْ>َ May Allah protect us (from sin)!
.+.aْ2ُT‫ و‬+R‫
ا‬T‫ أ‬c ُ َ4َ He wears my earrings and shirts
َِpْ َ ‫ ا‬ُ ْF‫إ‬ son of dirty mother
!Hُ„َF.ْj‫ِ
وا أ‬4ْpُ& b ،ً‫ء‬.Eَ‫ ر‬Please do not tell your friends!
!ْ‫رْ أ ْ
ار‬.%ْ ,‫ًَا! ا‬F‫أ‬ Never! Prices are secrets!

Vocabulary List ‫ ا=<دات‬4=7)

to become ‫ َر‬.j
to bargain ‫ َو َم‬.
to get ready  َ%َ ‫إ‬
to shower H ََْ ‫إ‬
to try, experiment ‫ب‬
َ
 َE
to be late
َ Y9&
91
to protect, shield
َ ََ
to wear c
َ ِ4َ
to bear, endure '
َ ‫ـ‬2ََ&
to be glad, rejoice ‫ح‬
َ
ِ َ-
to name Œ2َ
to lend 5
َ ‫ َـ‬
Say hello to ....! ْH]‫ َـ‬
Help (someone)! ِْA.
Hurry up! ْ‫ أ ْ ِ
ع‬/ ْ'‫َ]ـ‬A
Let (someone) do (something)! !ْ‫َدع‬
[You] give! !ِ›ْA‫إ‬
we see ‫َ
ى‬
I dry (something) 5
ُ ]XَE‫ُأ‬
I earn, win h
ُ َFْ‫أر‬
I lose
ُ َ>ْY‫أ‬
expensive ‫ل‬
ٍ .…
rounded ٌ‫ُ َ ور‬C
yellow ‫
ا ُء‬Xَj /
ُ َXْj‫أ‬
blue ‫ ُء‬.Tْ‫ َزر‬/ ‫ق‬ ُ ‫أزْ َر‬
black ‫ َدا ُء‬/ ‫أ ْ َ ُد‬
white ‫ ُء‬.UَF / r ُ َْF‫أ‬
red ‫ْ
ا ُء‬2َ /
ُ َ2ْ‫أ‬
green ‫ْ
ا ُء‬UَY /
ُ َUْY‫أ‬
lazy ‫ن‬
ُ ْ>َ‫آ‬
sleepy ‫ن‬
ُ .>ْ%َ
handsome ٌH َ‫و‬
smart ٌ
ِR.P
92
original +
l ْj‫أ‬
pure ٌqِ .Y
manufactured ٌ‫ع‬/ْaَC
dress ٌ‫ن‬.ْ>ُ-
caftan ٌ‫ن‬.IْXُT
shirt ٌq2َT
cost ٌَXْُ‫آ‬
merchandise ٌَA.UِF
salesman, vendor/s ٌَA.F - ٌdِL.F
shoes ٌ‫ِ)اء‬
pair ٌ‫زَوج‬
measure ٌ‫س‬.T
earring/s ٌ‫
اط‬T‫ أ‬/ ٌ‫ِ
ْط‬T
head gear ٌ‫ل‬.gِA‫ٌ و‬-‫آ‬
dress ٌ‫َب‬
sweetheart ٌ\4َ
present, gift/s .‫ هَا‬-ٌَ‫ه‬
skin ٌْ‫ِـ‬E
wool ٌ‫ف‬j
cotton ٌْIُT
silk ٌ

َ
warm ‫Œء‬-‫دا‬
warm, moderate ٌ‫َْ ِل‬%ُC
season/s ٌ‫ل‬aُ- - ٌ'‫ْـ‬aَ-
Autumn ٌ5
َY
Summer ٌ5َj
Spring ٌdFَ‫ر‬
93
 Winter ٌ‫ء‬.ِP
neighbor/s ٌ‫
ان‬E - ٌ‫ر‬.E
secret/s ٌ‫ أ ْ
ار‬-
l ِ
something forbidden, sin ٌ‫َ
ام‬
hobby ٌَ‫هِا‬
hair ٌ
ْ%َP
future ٌ'‫َـ‬4ْgَْ>ُC
difference ٌ‫ِف‬Y
while, during ‫ َء‬./ْ‫ أ‬/ ‫ل‬ َ ِY
first b
ً ‫أ و‬

Grammar
‫ا‬->‫ا‬ 1. “Diptotes” is

a category of Arabic nouns and adjectives that cannot take Nunation and they take the

accusative marker for the genitive case.

.‫َْا َد‬F Œ ‫ إ‬+Y‫َ َ
أ‬-.
Notice that the noun ‫َْا َد‬F takes the accusative marker instead of the genitive marker
though the word is the object of the preposition Œ ‫إ‬ .

2. Diptotes include many place-names which are not Arabic in origin such as:

c
ُ ِ& ، ‫ن‬
ُ .2ُA ، ‫ن‬
ُ .2ّA ،
ُ ْaِC ، `
ُ ْGَC‫ ِد‬، ‫ت‬
ُ ‫َ
و‬F ، ‫َْا ُد‬F
3. Several broken plural patterns are also included in this category. Usually, they are
made of three or four syllables, such as:

‫ ُء‬.Tِْj‫ أ‬، ‫ق‬

ُ ‫ ِد‬./َ- ، ‫س‬
ُ ‫َا ِر‬C

94
4. These plural nouns are treated as diptotes when they are indefinite. Once they
become definite, they behave like regular nouns, i.e. they take the genitive marker for
the genitive case.

.‫ ِء‬.Tِْj,‫Œ ا‬A 0
ُ ْ2َ
5. Comparative and superlative adjectives as well as colors are included in the Diptotes

category.

Verb Conjugation ‫ل‬6 @‫ ا‬ABCD

1. The following verbs are in the imperative form conjugated for the second person
pronouns.
E
َ ‫أ‬ E
ِ ‫أ‬ (ُ‫أ‬

‫َ]ا‬A +ْ]َA ْ']َA ']َA

‫ا‬IْA‫إ‬ +IْA‫إ‬ ِ›A‫إ‬ ŒIْA‫أ‬

2. The following verbs are in the past tense +1.2 ‫ ا‬conjugated for the second person
pronouns.

‫أ‬ E
ِ ‫أ‬ E
َ ‫أ‬ ‫ه‬ -‫ه‬

0
ُ ْXَ 0ِ ْXَ 0َ ْXَ ْ0َXَ 5
َ َ 5َ
0
ُ ْ2َ2َْْ ‫ إ‬0 ِ ْ2َ2َْْ ‫ إ‬0َ ْ2َ2َْْ ‫ْ إ‬02ََْ ‫إ‬ H ََْ ‫إ‬ Hّ ََْ ‫إ‬

3. The following verbs are in the present tense ‫رع‬.U2 ‫ أ‬conjugated for the plural
pronouns
2
ُ M 2
 ُ‫أ‬ (ُ‫أ‬ 2
 ُ‫ه‬ (ُ‫ه‬

N ِ%َْ>َ ‫ن‬
َ ْ‫ْ ِد‬%َْ>َ& ‫ن‬
َ ‫و‬Nِ%َْ>َ& ‫ن‬
َ ْ‫ْ ِد‬%َْ> ‫ن‬ َ ‫و‬Nِ%َْ>َ ّ َ%َْ ‫إ‬
ُ ِgَْ%َ ‫ن‬
َ ِgَْ%َ& ‫ن‬
َ ‫ِو‬gَْ%& ‫ن‬
َ َِgَْ%َ ‫ن‬
َ ‫ِو‬gَْ%َ َgَْA‫إ‬
95
Drill # 1 ‫ ا@ول‬2B=‫أ‬
Use the words and phrases in the Vocabulary List in good sentences:

Drill # 2 G‫ ا‬2B=‫أ‬

Please choose the correct options:
.ًِ%ِْ2ُC َُْXَ ‫ْ ا‬0َ.‫آ‬ .1
Which adjective would you choose if you like to send the opposite message
ًِ2ُC .‫ت‬ ‫ِ َ
ًة‬Y9ُC .‫ب‬ ً َ2َE .‫أ‬

.‫س‬
ِ ُX ‫ ا‬r
َ ْ%َF \
َ َْ>َِ B/َ4 ‫\ إ Œ ا‬
َ َ‫َْ ذه‬T +gَj ‫ن‬
‫أ‬
N ُ‰‫أ‬ .2
The synonym of the sentence's main verb is in option:
5
ُ ]XَE‫ ُأ‬.‫ت‬ ُ ِgَْA‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ 5
ُ ]َ ‫ ُأ‬.‫أ‬

.‫ ِو َم‬. ‫\ أنْ ُأ‬

N ِ‫ ُأ‬.‫ أ‬.َُC‫ َو‬.>ُ2 ‫ ا‬+َ‫هِا‬ .3
This person loves to:
a. shop b. bargain c. stay late

!‫َ]ا‬A .4
You would tell your friends that because you are:
‫ا‬2َ .‫ت‬ ‫ &َ َ)آ
وا‬.‫ب‬ ‫
وا‬Y9& .‫أ‬

.‫ُ َ و َر‬2 ‫ َ َد ا‬,‫ هَ)ا ا‬+/ِIْA‫إ‬ .5

Your friend says this to a shopkeeper. She/He must mean the item in:
ٌ‫ن‬.IْXُT .‫ت‬ ٌ-‫ آ‬.‫ب‬ ٌ‫ل‬.gِA .‫أ‬

.ًَ.>ْ%َ 0
ُ ْ ‫ ِز‬.C .ٌَXِ 6 .‫أ‬ .6

96
This sentence indicates one of the following:
a. lack of sleep
b. lack of money
c. lack of interest

.‫ َ
ًة‬:َ‫ ً آ‬b‫ا‬C‫ري أ‬.E h
َ ِF‫َر‬ .7
Which verb would you choose to send the opposite message?
‫ف‬
َ
 َj .‫ت‬ 5
َ َ .‫ب‬
َ ِ>َY .‫أ‬

!B
َِ َA ٌ‫ر‬.A .8
This expression means:
a. Shut up! b. Hurry up! c. Shame on you!

.............. ْ0َ>َ ‫ن‬

ُ .2َA ،َ‫َْاد‬F dَ َC َِ‫ َر‬.gُ2 .F .9
Arabic grammar will only allow you to use option:
‫ َ
ٍة‬4َ‫ آ‬.‫ت‬ ٌ‫ َ
ة‬4َ‫ آ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ َ
ًة‬4َ‫ آ‬.‫أ‬

‫ ُء‬.]G ‫ أ‬، 5
ُ 
َp ‫ أ‬، 5
ُ a ‫ أ‬، dُ F
‫أ‬ .10
Which of the following options is not related to the seasons:
‫ل‬
ُ .gِ% ‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ 
ُ ْIُg ‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ف‬
ُ Na ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

.‫ن هَ)ا ا َ َم‬

َ ‫
و‬:َ‫سٌ آ‬. ‫ق‬
ِ N> ‫ ا‬+- .11
Therefore, the market is:
ٌ
4َ‫ آ‬.‫ت‬ ٌHِ‫ْ َد‬MُC .‫ب‬ ٌqِ .Y .‫أ‬

. .............. Œ ‫ إ‬............ dَ َC ‫ت‬

ُ ْ
َ-. .12
Which pair of words can grammatically fit in the blanks?
c
َ ِ& – ‫ ِء‬.Tِْj,‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ c
َ ِ& – ‫ َء‬.Tِْj,‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ c
ِ ِ& – ‫ ُء‬.Tِْj,‫ أ‬.‫أ‬
97
 .ٌ‫َ] َة‬E ُyََA.UِF ‫ن‬
,‫ن‬
ِ Mَ ْpَ2 ‫ِْ هَ)ا ا‬C ‫َْ
ي‬Gَ .13
We shop at this store because of:
a. its good merchandise
b. its good prices
c. both a & b

Which is the incorrect order of the seasons? .14

dُ F
‫ أ‬،ُ‫ء‬.]G ‫ أ‬، 5
ُ 
َp ‫ أ‬، 5 ُ a ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬
5ُ 
َp ‫ أ‬، ‫ ُء‬.]G ‫ أ‬، 5 ُ a ‫ أ‬، dُ F
‫ أ‬.‫ب‬
‫ ُء‬.]G ‫ أ‬، 5
ُ 
َp ‫ أ‬، 5 ُ a ‫ أ‬، dُ F
‫ أ‬.‫ت‬

. ........... ‫ي‬
َ
َْGَِ ‫ق‬
ِ N> ‫ْ إ Œ ا‬0َ4َ‫َذه‬ .15
One of the following words would not make sense within this context. Which?
.ً.ْ>ُ- .‫ت‬ .‫ هَا‬.‫ب‬ .ً 44َ .‫أ‬

. ........... +- .$َُِL.A ْ0َ/َ„َ .16

Which is the correct form that can be used to fill in the blank?
ِ ‫ن‬./ْ4ُ .‫ت‬ ‫ن‬
ُ ./ْ4ُ .‫ب‬ ‫ن‬
َ ./ْ4ُ .‫أ‬

The best way to say to your friend, “Let us go in !” is option ..... .17
!'
ُ ُ‫آ‬9 ./Aَ‫ د‬.‫ت‬ !'
ُ ُYَْ ./Aَ‫ د‬.‫ب‬ !‫ب‬
ُ
] َُ ./Aَ‫ د‬.‫أ‬

!i‫ك ا‬
َ
َ ََ .18
You are mad at someone and you had said something nice like this sentence. Now, you
realized that he deserved something else! Which one?
!i‫ ا‬B
َ ََUَ- .‫ت‬ !B
َ - i
ُ ‫كا‬
َ ‫ َر‬.F .‫ب‬ !i‫ ا‬B
َ َuِXَ .‫أ‬

Your friend calls you late in the evening. You want to go to sleep. .19
98
What would you say to her/him?
ٌَ.>ْ%َ .‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ ًَ.>ْ%َ 0
ُ ِ‫ ز‬.C .‫ب‬ ًَ.>ْ%َ 0
ُ ْ>َ .‫أ‬

.‫ل‬
ِ aُX ‫' ا‬
] ُ„ِ ًَA.UِF ْHُ‫ْ َآ‬/ِA ‫ن‬
 ‫َ ُ
أ‬$ْuَ .20
The best translation for the sentence verb is:
a. I think
b. it seems
c. you have

.ًَ2َE .ً R‫ْ

ا‬T‫ُ َأ‬yَُE‫َْ َ
تْ زَو‬P‫إ‬ .21
What has been bought is related to the:
a. ears
b. eyes
c. neck

‫نِ؟‬.IْXُg ‫ هَ)ا ا‬
ُ َ2َ ْHَ‫آ‬ .22
One of the following options cannot be used to substitute for the underlined word in this
sentence. Which?
'
ُ ْaَ- .‫ت‬
ُ ْ%ِ .‫ب‬ ‫س‬
ُ .T .‫أ‬

. .......... ' ِ ْaَXِ ٌ\ِ ./ُC q

ِ ِ .p ‫ف ا‬
ِ Na ‫ِْ ا‬C ٌq2َT ‫هَ)ا‬ .23
‫ ِء‬.]G ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ 5
ِ a ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ِ dF
‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

.‫ْ
ي‬%َP .......... ‫ و‬......... Œَ ًَA. ‫ج‬
ُ .ْ‫أ‬ .24
Which pair of verbs make sense?
5
َ ]XَE‫ ُأ‬- H َِ‫ َأ ْـ‬.‫ت‬ 5
َ ]XَE‫ ُأ‬- ‫ َم‬.‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ H َِْ ‫ أ‬- 5
َ ]XَE‫ ُأ‬.‫أ‬

.‫ل‬
ٍ .2ِE‫ و‬Mٍ ْ/َA‫ و‬Hٍ َ/َ… ‫ ُة‬.Aُ‫ْ ر‬Hُ‫ وه‬،ِ‫ْ
اء‬a ‫ ا‬+- ‫ َد ًة‬.A ‫َو‬4 ‫ ا‬
ُ ُ„‫َ>ْـ‬ .25
Which is the correct form of the verb if it follows the subject?
‫ن‬
َ /ُ„‫ &َ>ْـ‬.‫ت‬ ‫ن‬
َ /ُ„‫ َ>ْـ‬.‫ب‬ 
ُ ُ„‫ َ>ْـ‬.‫أ‬

99
Drill # 3 HG‫ ا‬2B=‫أ‬
a. Vowel the underlined words.
.
ْaِC +- .$َِL.A َُgَj  ُ ُ„‫ &َ>ْـ‬.1
.+ ‫ء‬.Tِْj‫ أ‬Hُ‫ُب وه‬R 5 ] a ‫ ا‬+- .2
.ِQ‫ ِر‬.E ِْC
َ4ْ‫ُ' أآ‬E‫ ه)ا َر‬.3
.5Iَ +/ََF.T ‫ن ا َآ' ا )ي‬ َ .‫ آ‬.4
.َِF,‫ء َِوم إ Œ ا‬+َP b .5
.‫ن‬.‫ِ أ‬2ُC َC‫ َو‬.>ُ2 ‫ ُ
ا‬aَ& .6
b. Give the correct forms of the words which are between parentheses.
.َِXَ ‫ ( إ Œ ا‬+ ‫ت‬ ٍ ‫را‬.E) .َA‫ َد‬.1
.ٌَ%ِْ2ُC (‫ت‬
ِ .Av‫ا‬+.‫أ‬+‫َ
َأ‬T) + ‫ت ا‬ ُ .Av‫ أ‬.2
‫ِًَ؟‬C.‫ًَ آ‬/َ (0
ِ ‫أ‬+Hُ‫ه‬+' َ ‫ـ‬2ََ&) 5
َ َ‫ آ‬.3
.‫رًا‬./‫ د‬ َ >2َY (.‫أ‬+5َ ‫ ) َـ‬+Yُ‫ أ‬.4
c. Put each pair of the words in the corresponding sentence to expand its semantic
scope, then translate them.
ٌَA.UِF '
] ُ„ِ .‫ل‬ِ aُX ‫ ا‬Hُ‫ َآ‬/ِA .1
.ً2ِ‫ْ َد‬MُC '
َ ْ4َT .+L.Tِْj‫ أ‬0 ُ َj‫ َو‬+]/„ ‫ع و‬ ُ ‫ر‬.G ‫ن ا‬َ .‫ آ‬.2
\
ٍ 
َT .ًR‫ْ
ا‬T‫أ‬ .‫ق‬ٍ  ِْC ُyَُE‫َْ َ
تْ زَو‬P‫ إ‬.3
ٌ\ِ ./ُC ٌq2َT .‫ ِء‬.]G ‫' ا‬ ِ ْaَXِ ‫ف‬ِ Na ‫ِْ ا‬C ‫ هَ)ا‬.4
‫َْ
ي‬Gَ ‫ن‬
, .ٌ‫َ] َة‬E ُyََA.UِF ‫ن‬ ِ Mَ ْpَ2 ‫ِْ هَ)ا ا‬C .5

N ُ‰‫\ َأ‬ َ َْ>َِ .‫س‬
ِ ُX ‫ ا‬r
َ ْ%َF B/4 ‫\ إ Œ ا‬ َ َ‫ َذه‬+gَj ‫ن‬  ‫ أ‬.6

d. You need to change one word in each sentence in order to send the opposite

message.
.
َ ْ$G ‫ َ
ًة هَ)ا ا‬:َ‫ آ‬b
ً ‫ا‬C‫ري أ‬.E h َ ِF‫ َر‬.1
!i‫ْ ا‬Hُ„َُUْXَ .2
100
 .‫ل‬
ٍ .… ‫ن‬
ِ .IْXُg ‫ ا‬
ُ َ2َ .3
.ًَ%ِْ2ُC ْ0َ.‫ آ‬.‫دِه‬C ِ A َُْXَ .4

e. Change only one word in each sentence without changing its meaning.
.‫ِ ًا‬E ٌ'2َE ٌF‫ إ‬+&َ‫ر‬.ِ .1
.c
َ ‫ر‬.F ِْC .$ُFَ .2
‫ِ؟‬q2َg ‫ هّ)ا ا‬ ُ َ2َ ْHَ‫ آ‬.3
.‫ن‬
ِ Mَ ْpَ2 ‫ َم ا‬.C‫ أ‬  ُ„َF.ْj‫ أ‬0
ُ ْَF.T .4

f. Put the following groups of words in the correct order to make good sentences.
.‫ أُر ُ أَ َ َد‬+.>ُXِ .ً4ِ ./ُC ‫ج ِ)ا ٍء‬ َ ‫ي زَو‬ K ْِE .1
.ِْC  ِ َ2َ dِ َ4 ‫ن ا‬
, َ َ2َ
ُ َ>ْY‫' َأ‬
N َT‫]
ا ِء َأ‬G ‫ ا‬+]‫ إ‬.2

Drill # 4 I"‫ اا‬2B=‫أ‬

Please choose the correct options and explain WHY:

.‫ل‬
ِ aُX ‫' ا‬
] ُ„ِ ًَA.UِF Hُ‫ْ َآ‬/ِA ‫ن‬
 ‫َ ُ
َأ‬$ْuَ .1
The verb that can be used instead of the sentence verb without changing the semantics
very much is option:
‫ج‬
ُ .ْ‫ أ‬.‫ت‬
ُ Y9&َ‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ُ ِgَْA‫ َأ‬.‫أ‬

.ٌ‫ِْ
اض‬A‫ْي ا‬/ِA c
َ َ ‫ و‬.......... +/9َ ‫ آ‬+/ُِC.%ُ .2
One of the following nouns cannot be used to fill in the blank. Which?
ٌ‫ر‬.6 .‫ت‬ ‫و‬l َA .‫ب‬ ٌ`َj .‫أ‬

Which option has the natural order of the seasons? .3

5
ُ 
َp ‫ أ‬، ‫ ُء‬.]G ‫ أ‬، 5
ُ a ‫ أ‬، dُ F
‫ أ‬.‫أ‬
‫ ُء‬.]G ‫ أ‬، 5
ُ 
َp ‫ أ‬، 5ُ a ‫ أ‬، dُ F
‫ أ‬.‫ب‬

101
 ‫ ُء‬.]G ‫ أ‬، 5
ُ 
َp ‫ أ‬،dُ F
‫ أ‬، 5
ُ a ‫ أ‬.‫ت‬

.B/َ4 ‫ِْ ا‬C .ً ُ- \

َ َْ ‫أُر ُ أنْ أ‬ .4
.......... ‫ْي‬/ِA ‫ن‬ َ „َ ْ‫\ أن‬ُ َِ ،ْ‫إ َذن‬
ٌَA.UِF .‫ت‬ ٌ‫ب‬.>ِ .‫ب‬ ٌِAَC .‫أ‬

.‫ْي‬/ِA ٍَgَj .......... ‫ق‬

ِ N> ‫ ا‬+- 0
ُ ْَF.T .5
The correct form of the adjective which can be used to fill in the blank is option:
‫ًا‬MMَA .‫ت‬ M َA‫ َأ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ ٍة‬Mَ MَA .‫أ‬

. .........
ُ َ… ‫ن‬ِ .E‫ زَو‬.2ُ‫ إ َذنْ ه‬.ِyَِE‫ زَو‬dَ َC ٌ‫ َ
ة‬:َ‫' آ‬
ُ ِ‫آ‬.GَC ُyَ .6

ِ َ.>ْ%َ .‫ت‬ 
ِ َْ>َ‫ آ‬.‫ ب‬ ِ َ%َ .‫أ‬

.ٌ]َُC ‫ب‬l .P ‫ ا َ َ ِة‬+&َ‫ر‬.E ‫ج‬ ُ ‫زَو‬ .7

............ ‫ب‬ُ
َ ْGَ b ‫ ه‬B
َ ِ )َ ِ
‫ َء‬.2 ‫ أ‬.‫ت‬
َ aَ% ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬
َ ْ2َp ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

ٌ‫ف‬j ، ٌْIُT ، ٌ

َ .8
One of the following options cannot be related to the words above. Which?
ٌ‫ ِ)اء‬.‫ت‬ ٌq2َT .‫ب‬ ٌ‫ن‬.ْ>ُ- .‫أ‬

.ِ›] َ َُ2 ‫ ا‬r

ِ F,‫َْ ِ
ا‬4 ‫Œ ا‬A ‫ي‬
l
ْaِC .......... ُ‫َر‬/َ„ْ ,‫أ‬ .9
Which of the following words does not make a meaningful sentence?
ٌ‫ء‬./ِC .‫ت‬ ٌَْ
َT .‫ب‬ ٌَ/َC .‫أ‬

.B
ِ َ ‫و‬l َA B
 َP b ُy‫! إ‬.ً 4
َ… B
َ ِ ‫ َذ‬c
َ  ‫أ‬ .10
This sentence has to be referring to the concept in option:

102
 ٌَCِْY .‫ت‬ ٌ‫اج‬MِC .‫ب‬ ٌ‫َ>ْ َة‬T .‫أ‬

. .......... '
ِ ْaَ- +- ‫ِ ًا‬E ‫ر‬l . ‫ َد ًة‬.A +َ/َC +- c
ُ ْgI ‫أ‬ .11
It makes more sense to use the word in option:
dِ F
‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ 5
ِ a ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ‫ ِء‬.]G ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

..$ِ‫ أهْـ‬dَ َC .......... .$ُ/F‫ وا‬Hُ َ

َC 
ُ ُ„‫&َ>ْـ‬ .12
One of the following adjectives cannot describe Miriam’s son. Which?
+
N ْj,‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ Hُ  َ ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬
ُ ِR.G ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

. ......... ‫ن‬
ِ Mَ ْpِ2 ‫ َر هَ)ا ا‬.%ْ ‫ن أ‬
‫أ‬0
ِ ْuَb ْ'َ‫ه‬ .13
The only adjective that can be used to fill in the blank is in option:
ٌَXِL.Y .‫ت‬ ٌَ .… .‫ب‬ ٌَL‫ ِد‬.‫ ه‬.‫أ‬

.‫ب‬
ِ
ِ َْ2 ‫ِْ ا‬C ‫ ْ َ َد‬,‫ن ا‬
َ .IْXُg ‫ هَ)ا ا‬0
ُ َ
َْP‫إ‬ .14
If you want to use the antonym of the adjective in this sentence you need to choose the
one in option:
r
َ َْF,‫ ا‬.‫ت‬
َ َUْY,‫ ا‬.‫ب‬
َ َ2ْ,‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

. .......... ٌ'ُE‫ٌَ وه َر‬2َE ٌ‫ْ

أة‬C‫ُ إ‬yَُE‫زَو‬ .15
It makes more sense to use the adjective in option:
ٌH َ‫ و‬.‫ت‬ ٌ
]Y9ُC .‫ب‬ ‫ن‬
ُ .>ْ%َ .‫أ‬

.ًَ%ِْ2ُC ْ0ِ.‫ع آ‬
ٍ 4ْ ‫' ُأ‬
َ ْ4َT .$ ‫ إ‬./4َ‫ َذه‬...... ‫ إدوارد‬./gj َُXَ .16
The relative pronoun which can be used in this sentence is in option:

َ ) ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ ‫ ا )ي‬.‫ب‬ + ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

103
 !‫\ ا َ
ا َم‬
N ِ‫ ُأ‬.‫ أ‬،ِBN2ُ$َ b .17
If someone says something like this, you would not respond by using the expression in
option:
!i‫ ا‬.ُ
ُ‫ َ>ْـ‬.‫ت‬ !i‫ َء ا‬.P ْ‫ إن‬.‫ب‬ !B
َ َA ٌ‫ر‬.A .‫أ‬

‫َ
ِ؟‬2ْ,‫( هَ)ا ا ِ)ا ِء ا‬
ُ َ2َ) ْHَ‫آ‬ .18
The synonym for the word which is between parentheses is in option:
ٌَ‫ هِا‬.‫ت‬ ‫ ُر‬.َY .‫ب‬
ُ ْ%ِ .‫أ‬

.(+ْ4َT) ‫هِ َ

ِة‬.g ‫ إ Œ ا‬+ِِL.A ْ‫َ َ
ت‬-. .19
If you want to send the opposite message, you have to choose the word in option:
‫ي‬A .‫ت‬ +‫ رأ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ْي‬%َF .‫أ‬

.‫ ِر‬.Iِg .F (‫ِ
ًا‬-.>ُC 0
ُ /ُ‫ آ‬.2َ/َF) ‫َ 
ٍة‬C ‫ل‬
ِ ‫ و‬, +َE‫ زَو‬0
ُ ْَF.T .20

One of the following options cannot be used to substitute for the phrase between
parentheses. Which?
‫ت‬
ُ ْ
َ-. +], .‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
ُ ْ
َ-. .Cَْ/ِA .‫ب‬ ‫َ
ي‬Xَ ‫ل‬
َ ِY .‫أ‬

!+َgَj . ،ٌ‫ن‬/َْC ٌHَ .A ‫هَ)ا‬ .21

......... dُ ْ1َ ‫ أ‬،ْ‫إ َذن‬
ٌ‫ء‬+َ .‫ت‬ ٌ‫ل‬4ْgَC .‫ب‬ ٌdِL‫ را‬.‫أ‬

‫ َأ ْ َ ُد‬،
ُ َ2ْ‫ َأ‬، r
ُ َF‫أ‬ .22
These adjectives cannot be used to describe:
ٌ‫ف‬j .‫ت‬ ٌَْ
َT .‫ب‬ ٌ‫ ِ)اء‬.‫أ‬

Which of the following pairs is not like the other two? .23
ٌ‫ْ
اطٌ وِ)اء‬T‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ ٌ‫ن‬.ْ>ُ-‫ٌ و‬q2َT .‫ب‬ ٌ‫ن‬.IْXُT‫ َبٌ و‬.‫أ‬
104
 ‫‪]َA‬ا ‪ .‬أ‪! .......... ./, ،+L.Tِْj‬‬ ‫‪.24‬‬
‫ت‪.ْ
Y9َ & .‬‬ ‫ب‪َ .‬ـ‪./2‬‬ ‫أ‪)َ َ& .‬آ
ْ‪.‬‬

‫ن ا َ‪ ََْX‬آ‪ +- .ًَ%ِْ2ُC ْ0َ.‬رأ‪َ +‬أ‪ .$‬آ‪. ....... ْ0ِ.‬‬

‫‪َ b .25‬أ‪َ ُ ِgَْA‬أ ‬
‫ت‪ًِ2ُC .‬‬ ‫ب‪ً
َ ]Y9ُC .‬ة‬ ‫أ‪ًَ2َE .‬‬

‫‪105‬‬
Reading Exercise ‫ ا>اءة‬2B=D

Read the following words, phrases and sentences into your tape recorder, then listen to
them. Give the tape to your teacher to check your performance:

5
ُ ]XَE‫ُأ‬ HN َِْ ‫َأ‬ ٌ‫] َ
ة‬Y9َ ُC ٌَ.>ْ%َ ٌَ%ِL.F
ٌَA.UِF ٌq2َT ٌ‫ن‬.ْ>ُ- N ِ%َْ ‫\ َأ‬
ُ َْ ‫َأ‬
+44َِ .‫ٌَ هَا‬2َE ٌ‫
اط‬Tَ‫أ‬ ‫ ِء‬.]G ‫' ا‬ ُ ْaَ- ‫ج ِ)ا ٍء‬ ُ ‫ِٌْ زَو‬E‫ٌْ و‬IُT
q
ُ ِ .p ‫ف ا‬
ُ Na ‫لٌ ا‬.gِA‫ٌ و‬-‫ آ‬r ُ َF‫نٌ أ‬.IْXُT
ُ َ2ْ‫ٌ َأ‬q2َT
ٍ 
َ ‫ن‬ ُ .ْ>ُ-

!+َgَj . +َA
!ًَِC.‫ًَ آ‬/َ B
َ ُْ‫ـ‬2ََ& 5َ َ‫آ‬
.ٌَ .… ‫ن‬ ِ Mَ ْpَ2 ‫ هَ)ا ا‬+- َُA.Uِ4 ‫أ‬
.ِ ْِ ‫ِْ ا‬C ‫ن هَ)ا ا ِ)ا َء‬  ‫ َأ‬N ُ‰‫أ‬
.+L.Tِْj‫ وأ‬+ْ‫ه‬, .‫َْ
ي هَا‬P‫أ‬
.‫ْ
ي ا َ َم‬%َP 5 َ NXَE‫ج َأنْ ُأ‬ ُ .ْ‫ أ‬b
.‫َ]ًا‬E 0 ُ ْ2ِ .C +/, ًَ.>ْ%َ 0 ُ ِ‫ ز‬.C
.‫\ ا َ
ا َم‬ N ُِ b‫ و‬i َ ‫فا‬ ُ .pَ ٌ'ُE‫هَ)ا َر‬
‫َ؟‬cِ& ِْC ‫ن‬ َ .IْXُg ‫ن هَ)ا ا‬  ‫ٌ أ‬hَj ْ'َ‫ه‬
.q
ِ ِ .p ‫ ا‬ ِ ْIُg ‫ِْ ا‬C .ً.IْXُT 5 ِ a ‫ ا‬+- c ُ َ4ْَ

106
Unit # 6 (6) ()‫
ة ر‬,-‫أ‬
Shafiq and Shaheen are two Arab students in the USA. They are reading an Arabic
newspaper and surveying the news of the Arab World and the world in general that
day. Their friend, Michael, is lying on the couch and following their conversation.

‫ ا َ
 َةِ؟‬+- ‫ ُر‬.4ْY,‫ ا‬+‫ ه‬.C :`XP
.ٌَِAْMُC ‫ ُر‬.4ْY,‫ ا‬:‫ه‬.P
!.ْ
ِ4ْY‫ْ َأ‬i‫ ا‬. :`XP
.‫ن‬
ِ ‫ُدا‬N> ‫ ا‬+- ‫ي‬ l
َ„ْ>َA ٌ‫ِب‬gْ‫ إ‬:‫ه‬.P
.ََُ2 ‫َُ ا‬C„ُ ‫ْ ا‬0َIَgَ +/%َ :`XP
...... ِ/َRَ ‫Œ ا ِْ َ ِة ا‬A ُ ]‫ب ¡آ‬ ِ ِgْv‫ِ ُ ا‬L.T :‫ه‬.P
.‫ا ِر‬N: ‫ ا‬dَ َC ‫` ا > ِم‬ ِ gَْ&‫ِ و‬R‫ْ
ا‬gُ2 ‫ وا ُ ]
ِ وا‬:`XP
‫ َدةِ؟‬.g ‫ ا زَرا ِء وا‬c ِ Lَ‫ ُ
ر‬aَC .C :‫ه‬.P
.‫ل‬
َ N  ‫ا ا‬%َ/َC‫ َر و‬.Iَ2 ‫ن ا‬ َ NFgْv‫` ا‬ َ َْ…‫ َأ‬.
ِ ْ]> ‫ ا‬+- Hُ$Nُ‫ آ‬:`XP

107
 ‫ن‪.‬‬
‫‪.P‬ه‪ :‬و‪IَA ،ً.%4َR‬ا ا ‪َ ْ N‬ر وَ‪N‬ا ا ‪َ .2 ْ
َ4‬‬
‫‪.5‬‬
‫ت وا َ‪ dَ N2‬و‪IَA‬ا ا ‪َ ُNa‬‬ ‫‪%َ/َC :`XP‬ا ا ‪.u‬هُ
ا ِ‬
‫ف َأ‪ .$‬ا ُ„‪ َُC‬ا َ َ ُة‬ ‫ع ا ‪ .َِ/َ2‬هَ'ْ &َ‪ُ
ِ ْ%‬‬ ‫™ ‪َP +-‬ا ِر ِ‬ ‫ وا َ ِ‬ ‫ت ا‪ِ ْC,‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪T :‬ا ُ‬
‫ا ‪ +‬اَْ‪ .$َ4َp‬ا ‪ُ\%G‬؟‬
‫' آَ‪
َ :‬ةٌ‪.‬‬ ‫‪َ ْ/ِA :`XP‬هَ‪.GَC H‬آِ ُ‬
‫ن‪.‬‬
‫ب وا ‪ َُA.َ2‬وا ‪َ sِE‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ ،ٌhَj :‬أ َ
ْ ُ‬
‫‪ .C :`XP‬ه‪ +‬أ‪ُ .4ْY‬ر ا ‪َِَ4‬؟‬
‫ت ا َ
ْ‪ ِF‬وا ‪ِ ./2‬ء ‪.
l ِ2َْ>ُC‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ُ .aِ !َ َE b :‬ر ‪
َF‬و َ‬
‫ت ا ‪ِT
G‬؟‬ ‫ث ‪
َ4ِ ٌ5ْaَT‬و َ‬ ‫‪ :`XP‬هَ'ْ َ َ َ‬
‫ت ا ‪ ِTْ
G‬وا َ
ْ‪.ِF‬‬ ‫ ‪
َF‬و َ‬ ‫ل ا ‪ ]›َp‬ا‪َ َF
ِ َUْY,‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪َ َ ٌ5ْaَT :‬‬
‫ن ‪ +-‬ا >‪%‬دِ‪.‬‬ ‫ض أنْ ََْ‪ dَ ِ2‬ا ‪ُ .2َ
َ4‬‬ ‫ن ا ‪
ْXَ2‬و ُ‬ ‫‪ :`XP‬آ‪َ .‬‬
‫‪.P‬ه‪.2ِ :‬ذا؟‬
‫‪4ِpَْ/َ Œَ :`XP‬ا رَ‪ .ً >L‬وَِ‪N‬ا ا ‪.ََِ„ْGُ2‬‬
‫ك &َ َ‪.ٌ'NY‬‬‫' ‪ .2َ .R‬هُ‪َ ./‬‬ ‫‪l َ َِِ„ْGُ2ْِ c‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪َ َ :‬‬
‫‪ .C ،ْ\]َR :`XP‬ه‪ +‬أ‪ُ .4ْY‬ر ا َ‪/‬بِ؟‬
‫‪ r‬ا ‪
ُg‬ى‪.‬‬ ‫' ‪َ ْ%َF ْ0َF
َ َ1‬‬ ‫ت إ ْ
ا‪َ L‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪
ِL.R :‬ا ُ‬
‫ك ‪ ..َ1‬آَ‪
:‬ونَ؟‬ ‫ن هُ‪َ ./‬‬ ‫‪ :`XP‬هَ'ْ آ‪َ .‬‬
‫ت ‪. .......‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ ََ>ْ2َY ْ0َََT :‬أ‪.pْP‬صٍ‪ ،‬و َد‪
َ C‬تْ ‪ََA‬دًا ‪ ِْC‬ا ‪ِ ُ4‬‬
‫‪ i‬أآْ‪!
ُ َ4‬‬
‫‪ :`XP‬أ ُ‬
‫بٌ‪.‬‬ ‫ن ‪ ُR .$-‬‬ ‫ ا َ‪ .C ]£‬آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ :‬و‪َ َْC‬ر ًَ‪ ،‬و َ„ِْ ُِ> ِ‬
‫ك أ‪.4ْY‬رٌ ‪ َْA‬ا ‪َِXU‬‬ ‫س ‪ .ٌَIَ%ُC‬هَ'ْ هُ‪َ ./‬‬ ‫‪َ َ 5‬م ا ُ‪ .َِ%ْ2‬أ ‪َ2‬ا ِر ُ‬ ‫ث ا ‪ُ ْaَg‬‬ ‫‪َ َ َ :`XP‬‬
‫ا َ
ْ‪ ِF‬و…َ ‪M‬ةَ؟‬
‫س ‪ِ َj َ ْ%َF‬ة ا ُ‪.َِ%ْ2‬‬ ‫ك &َ‪.u‬هُ
اتٌ ‪ +-‬ا ‪ِ ُْg‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ :‬وآ‪ ْ0َ.‬هُ‪َ ./‬‬
‫‪+َP :`XP‬ءٌ ‪ُ
َY6‬؟‬
‫‪.P‬ه‪ :‬أ‪
 ِ2َْ>ُC َُ1.Xِْv‬ةٌ‪.‬‬
‫ص أو &َ‪ُF Hُ ْ$‬تٍ؟‬ ‫ك إ‪b.gِA‬تٌ وإ‪ُ .%ْF‬د أ‪ٍ .pْP‬‬ ‫‪ :`XP‬هَ'ْ هُ‪َ ./‬‬
‫‪.‬‬‫‪.P‬ه‪ .ْHَ%َ :‬إ‪َgَْA‬ا ‪ 45‬وأ‪%F‬وا ‪ 20 H$/C‬وهََ‪C‬ا ‪ِ ََF‬‬
‫‪108‬‬
 ‫™‬
‫ ‪ .ٍFَ
َA ٍَْ
َT ŒA‬أ َ ُ‬ ‫‪ َْA ٌ
َ4َY c‬هُ ِم ا ‪َ /ِRَ>ُ2‬‬ ‫ن ‪ +-‬ا‪ِ ْC,‬‬ ‫‪ :`XP‬آ‪ِ .‬‬
‫\ َأآو ُ‪.Q‬‬‫ ا‪َ ِ.E,‬‬ ‫ ا ‪
ُ2‬ا  َ‬ ‫‪ ŒXَ +‬ا ‪ ،َ
َ4َp‬و َ„ِ ‬ ‫ا‪
v‬ا‪N L‬‬
‫ب ‪K+Fَ
َA‬؟‬ ‫' ‪K .P‬‬ ‫‪ِ َْgَC َ ْ%َF ُyَXَ/ 5‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ :‬آَ َ‬
‫ب‪.‬‬
‫‪ ُyَََT B‬ا ‪ُ
َ َ%‬‬‫ن ‪.%َُC‬و ً‪ ،H$َ%َC .‬و ِ َ) ِ َ‬ ‫ب آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫ن ا ‪ .G‬‬ ‫‪+‬إ‬ ‫™ ا‪
v‬ا‪N L‬‬ ‫ل ا َ ُ‬ ‫‪َ .T :`XP‬‬
‫‪.P‬ه‪ ،ْ\]َR :‬وا ‪ َُX]I‬ا ‪ُ
ْ2ُA +‬ه‪َ/َ 9 .‬اتٍ؟‬
‫ل ا ِ‪َ .‬ر ِة‪ .‬هَ'ْ ‪ ِْC‬أ‪ٍ .4ْY‬ر ‪ ِْA‬ا ‪
ِ%‬اقِ؟‬ ‫‪ :`XP‬آ‪ +C
َ& ْ0َ.‬ا ِ‪َ .‬ر َة‪ .‬ه‪ ِْC +‬أ‪ِ .XْR‬‬
‫ن‪.‬‬
‫ب ‪ dَ َC‬إ
ا َ‬ ‫‪ 5‬ا َ
ْ ِ‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ :‬أ‪ُ .4ْY,‬ر ‪ِ NTَ َ& )ُ ْ/ُC ٌََT‬‬
‫‪ :`XP‬هَ'ْ ‪ٍَE ِْC‬؟‬
‫ث ‪ٍ
َ ِL.R‬ة‪.‬‬‫ع ‪ِ . +-‬د ِ‬ ‫' وَز ِ
ا ]‪ِ .-‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ُ َْgَC :‬‬
‫ت‪.‬‬
‫ث ‪
ِL.R‬ا ٍ‬ ‫ب ‪َ +-‬ا ِد ِ‬ ‫ن ا ‪ُ
َ َ%‬‬‫ت ا ‪َ  ¡ْ>َ2‬‬ ‫‪ :`XP‬دا‪ُ 2َ ،ً.2ِL‬‬
‫'‪.‬‬‫` ‪َ َA‬د&ِ‪ ِْC ِy‬ا ‪ِ ِj2‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ُ
َ ِL.R ْ0َ2Iََ& :‬ة ا َز ِ
وه ‪ِ 
َR +-‬‬
‫\ ‪!ٍَT ٍ] َE ٍَXِj.A‬‬ ‫‪ ْ0َIَgَ ،ً.%ْ4َR :`XP‬ا ‪ُ
َ ِL.I‬ة ‪ِ َ4َ>ِF‬‬
‫' ا ‪.%‬زي ‪......‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ :‬أ ِْا ُد ِ‪ ََِ:‬أ‪ٍ .‬م ورَ ‪ُ ِL.‬‬
‫ب‪.‬‬‫ك وا
‪N‬ؤ ‪ِ .‬ء ا ‪ِ
َ َ%‬‬ ‫‪ََ& :`XP‬ا Œ ‪ ِْC‬ا ‪ِ ُ2‬‬
‫‪ 0‬ا ‪ ِْC
َ َ4َp‬ا
اد؟‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪.C :‬ذا؟ هَ'ْ َ‪َ ْ%ِ2‬‬
‫ف هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬ا „‪ yG‬و َ‪./ْ%ِ2‬ه‪ .‬آَ‪ً
:‬ا‪.‬‬ ‫ َ‪ُ
ِ ْ%‬‬ ‫‪ُ  .b :`XP‬‬
‫ي‪.‬‬
‫` ا >‪%‬د ]‬ ‫‪ِ َ- َْA +‬ز ا ‪ِ 
َX‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ :‬هَ)ا ‪ ٌ
َ4َY‬ر‪l 1.‬‬
‫` آُ َ
ِة ا ‪ِ َ َg‬م ِ‪.. 6 َِ Iُ4‬‬ ‫ن ‪َ 
َ-‬‬ ‫\ أنْ َ„ َ‬ ‫‪ُ َِ :`XP‬‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫' هَ َ‪ِ َ-‬‬ ‫ف ‪َ ِF.gُC‬‬ ‫` ‪ ََِ:ِF .M .C‬أهْا ٍ‬ ‫ي ‪ِ 
َ- ŒA‬‬ ‫` ا >‪%‬د ‪N‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪َ .- :‬ز ا ‪ُ 
َX‬‬
‫‪ !ٌHuَA :`XP‬هَ'ْ &َْري آَ‪-َ
َj ْH‬ا ‪ ŒA‬هَ)ا ا ‪ِ`
َX‬؟‬
‫ل ‪ ŒA‬أ‪َ .ْP‬ء ُأ‪
ْY‬ى‪.‬‬ ‫ ‪ ِْC‬أنْ َ‪-ِ
ْa‬ا ا‪ْC,‬ا َ‬ ‫‪ !.ً 2ِ$ُC c‬هَ)ا أْ>َ ُ‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪َ َ :‬‬
‫ وا‪ِ Mَ ِ$ْE,‬ة ‪ ِْC‬إ ‪ ..4‬وأ ‪ ..2‬وا ‪
َ4‬از'‪.‬‬ ‫' ا ‪َُ2‬ر‪َ F‬‬ ‫‪ :`XP‬آُ ‪N‬‬
‫‪..>ْ
َ َXِ +‬‬ ‫‪ c‬ا
‪N‬و ]‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪َ :‬أهَ ‪ HN‬ا‪ِ .4ْY,‬ر ا ‪ ِ2َ .%‬ه ز‪َ .‬ر ُة ا
‪ِ L‬‬
‫' إ Œ ‪.F‬ر‪c‬؟‬ ‫‪َ ŒَC :`XP‬و‪َ َj‬‬
‫‪ c‬و‪َ ُyَ%َC‬و‪ ٌْ-‬آَ‪.ٌ
4‬‬ ‫' َأ‪ِ ْC‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪َ :‬و‪َ َj‬‬
‫ي‪.‬‬
‫ن ا ‪
َ„ْ>َ%‬‬ ‫‪ r‬ا‪ َِِْ ,‬ا ‪َ/‬وِ وا ا ُز َ‬ ‫ن ‪َ ْXَY‬‬ ‫‪َ GِT./َُ :`XP‬‬
‫‪.+‬‬
‫ي وا „‪ E /‬‬ ‫ل ا ]‪.‬ر ‬ ‫ت ا ‪ َL./N:‬وا ‪ُ .4‬د َ‬ ‫ن ا ‪ِ .Tَ%‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ُ :‬ر‪َ GِT./َُ .2F‬‬
‫‪109‬‬
 ‫‪ْ/َ F +- +‬ا وأ ‪...2‬‬ ‫ن أ‪ .ً U‬ا  َ
ا >]‪ .‬‬ ‫‪َ B‬أ‪َ GِT./َُ Hُ$‬‬ ‫‪ َP b :`XP‬‬
‫‪ ِْC +‬ا ‪َ2‬ا‪ dِ 1‬ا ‪.ِ2ِ$ُ2‬‬ ‫ح ا >]‪N .‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ :‬أآٌ! &َ ُ أ ‪ ..2‬وا‪ُ .ِXْv‬‬
‫ن‪.‬‬
‫‪ 5‬وار  ‪ َ ْ%َF‬اŠ َ‬ ‫‪ 5‬ا‪ +>َْR,‬وِْ ِ‬ ‫‪ :`XP‬أ‪َ ُ ِgَْA‬أ‪ِ ْِِ ََE. b ُy‬‬
‫‪.0‬‬‫‪ r‬ا َ‪ِ ْT‬‬‫ج إ Œ ‪ِ ْ%َF‬‬ ‫‪ c‬هَ)ا ‪ ،ًَ>ُC‬و َ„ِ‪ُ .َْ َْT ُy/‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪َ َ :‬‬
‫ق ا‪,‬و َ›ِ؟‬ ‫ن ‪ ََِ„ْGُC‬ا ‪ِ
G‬‬ ‫‪ :`XP‬هَ'ْ &َ‪َ ُ ِgَْ%‬أ‪َ GِT./َُ Hُ$‬‬
‫‪.B‬‬‫ي ‪ٍ +َP‬ء ‪َ َْA‬ذ ِ َ‬ ‫ف‪ .‬أ َ
 َ ُة ‪ْ)َ& b‬آُ ُ
أ ‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪َ b :‬أ‪ُ
ِ ْA‬‬
‫ن َو‪Hُ$َْT‬؟‬ ‫‪.2ِ :`XP‬ذا ُ‪َ %]َU‬‬
‫‪ +‬ا ‪..>ْ
َ َXِ َُ:ِ .:‬‬‫‪ c‬ا
‪N‬و ]‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ :‬هَ ِ)‪ ِQ‬زِ‪َ .‬ر ُة ا
‪ِ L‬‬
‫ن ِ‪َ :‬ر ِة ا ‪.ِ>ْ
َ َX‬‬‫‪ :`XP‬هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬ا >‪ َُ/‬ه‪ +‬ا ])آْ
ى ا ‪ِ .َsِ2‬‬
‫‪َ .Gُ2ْِ
َ َUَ +‬رآَِ ‪ Qِ )ِ َ$ِF‬ا ‪.َِ4َ ./ُ2‬‬ ‫‪ c‬ا
‪N‬و ‪N‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ :‬أ
‪ُ L‬‬
‫ ‪ Qِ )ِ َ$ِF‬ا >‪َِA
N‬؟‬ ‫ت &َََ> ُ‬‫ن ا ‪ِ .Tَ%‬‬ ‫ق َأ ‬
‫ن ُ‪ُ ] َa‬‬ ‫‪ :`XP‬أ ‪ َْC !
ُ ََ Hُ َ .%‬آ‪َ .‬‬
‫‪Mََ ™ُF +‬و ُر ‪ْ/َ F‬ا ‪ً.4
َT‬؟‬ ‫‪ c‬ا‪ „
C,‬‬ ‫ن ا
‪َ L‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ :‬هَ'ْ &َْري َأ ‬
‫‪.‬‬‫‪ُ َ ْ%َF ،ْHَ%َ :`XP‬أ ْ‪ِ A4‬‬
‫‪!+‬‬‫‪.P‬ه‪ :‬أَ‪ُ .aِْTv‬د َ‪+‬ءٌ‪ .‬أَ ‪
َ َ4‬آَُ ‪ +-‬ا ‪ِ .u]/‬م ا‪
ِْP,‬اآ ]‬
‫' آَ‪
َ :‬ةٌ أ‪..ًU‬‬ ‫ي ‪ +-‬أ‪.GَC ِy- .„
C‬آِ ُ‬ ‫‪ :`XP‬أَ َ‪ dُ ْ1‬ا‪.aِْT,‬د ‪N‬‬
‫ث ا‪ِ .4ْY,‬ر ‪ َْA‬أ‪.„
C‬؟‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ .C ،َِ4َ ./ُ2 .F :‬ه‪َ +‬أْ ُ‬
‫ض‪.‬‬
‫` ا ‪ِ .>]/‬ء ‪ +-‬ا‪ِ .$ْEv‬‬ ‫‪ :`XP‬أَ‪] َ ِUَgِF ٌَ ْGَC .„
C‬‬
‫ع ‪
ْIَC‬وحٌ ‪ ŒA‬ا ‪ َِ2َ„َْ2‬ا ‪..ُ%‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ :‬هَ)ا ا ‪ُ 1َ2‬‬
‫‪ :`XP‬هَ'ْ ‪َ َ َj‬ر ا ُ„ْ‪ُH‬؟‬
‫' ‪ ِْC‬ا ُ„‪ َِC‬ا ‪ْ
َ2‬آَ‪.ِM‬‬ ‫' وِ‪ ،َِb‬و َ„ِْ ‪%َIَT‬ا ا ‪َ 2‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪َ
َ& :‬آا ا ‪
َg‬ا َر ِ„ُ ]‬
‫' ‪.C‬ذا؟‬ ‫‪ُ ْ2َ& :`XP‬‬
‫ض‪.‬‬‫ت ا‪ِ .$ْEv‬‬ ‫ي َ‪.ِ%‬دا ِ‬ ‫' ا ‪ْ
َ2‬آَ‪N M‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ :‬أ ‪ُ 2‬‬
‫ق ا ‪ِ .>]/‬ء!‬ ‫‪ :`XP‬هَ)ا &َ
ا‪ِ gُ َْA ٌdُE‬‬
‫ك ‪ ٌ
َ4َY‬ه‪l .‬م ‪ ،ُ
Y6‬ه ا ُ„ْ ُ‪) ِUَT +- H‬أو ‪
X‬رث(‪.‬‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ :‬هُ‪َ ./‬‬
‫ن ا ُ„ْ‪ُH‬؟‬ ‫‪.C :`XP‬ذا آ‪َ .‬‬
‫‪ 5‬دو‪b‬ر‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 5‬ا ‪ ،ِ)Xْ/‬و…َ
ا‪ 150 َُC‬أ َ‬ ‫ ‪َ dَ َC‬و‪ِ ْT‬‬ ‫ت ‪ِ ْ]> .F‬‬ ‫ث َ‪َ/‬ا ٍ‬ ‫‪.P‬ه‪ُ َ :‬‬
‫‪ :`XP‬هَ)ا ‪ْ›َgَ-‬؟‬
‫‪110‬‬
 .ِ]C‫ا‬M v‫ِ ا‬A.2ْEv‫َِ ا‬Cِْp ‫ ا‬+- ًَA. :‫ه‬.P 50
.َِUَX ‫َْ ا‬A .ًC.2َ& b ً s>َC c َ َ ' َ ُE
 ‫ن ا‬  ‫ِ ُ َأ‬gَْA‫ َأ‬:`XP
.ŒْA‫ٍَ أ‬Iْُ ِْC
َ ِC‫] ُ) أَوا‬Xَ/ُ ‫ن‬
َ .‫ُ آ‬y‫ن أ‬ َ -ِ
ْ%َ dُ 2َ َ‫ أ‬:‫ه‬.P
.ِyِ .ِ Qُ ‫َُ &َ
َآ‬UَX ‫ْ ا‬0َXَGَ„ْ‫ إ‬.Cَْ/ِA ِْ„َ ‫ و‬:`XP
!‫ِا ٍء‬- ™ ُ 4َ‫ آ‬:‫ه‬.P
!Hُ َْ%َ Qُ َ ْ‫ َو‬i ُ ‫ أ‬،.2F‫ ُر‬:`XP
!Hُ َْ%َ Qُ َ ْ‫ َو‬i ُ ‫ أ‬:‫ه‬.P

Questions about the text /0‫ ا‬2 45#‫أ‬

a. Answer the following questions.
: . ‫ ا‬s ,‫َْ ا‬A +4E‫ أ‬/ ْ\ِE‫َأ‬
‫ً؟‬b‫ أ و‬+
N ‫و‬N
‫ وا‬+ N >
َ َX ‫ن ا‬
ِ .>L
‫™ ا‬ ُ ِT./َُ ‫ذا‬.C .1
‫َاً؟‬E .ً >Lَ‫\ ر‬َ ِpَْ/َ +„ِ dُ ِ2َََْ +
N ./4N ‫ن ا‬
ُ .2
َ4 ‫ن ا‬ َ .‫ آ‬
َ َ‫ أ‬.2
‫ِ
اتِ؟‬L.I ‫ ا‬5 ِ ْaَgِ ًََ '
َ ُِT .ً aْpَP ْHَ‫ آ‬.3
‫ُ؟‬5ْaَg ‫ث ا‬ َ َ َ .Cَْ/ِA ٌ‫ب‬  ُR َِ ‫َْ َر‬2 ‫ ا‬+- ‫ن‬ َ .‫ هَ'ْ آ‬.4
‫؟‬N‫َ>ْ„َ
ي‬% ‫ب ا‬ ُ ِgْv‫ث ا‬ َ َ 
َ ‫ أ‬.5
‫؟‬.>َ
َ- Œ ‫ إ‬+ N ‫و‬N
‫ ا‬c ُ L
‫' ا‬ َ َj‫ذا َو‬.2ِ .6
‫و َ›ِ؟‬,‫ق ا‬ِ ْ
G ‫ْ„ِََ ا‬GُC +
N ‫و‬N
‫ وا‬+ N >
َX ‫ن ا‬ ِ .>L
‫™ ا‬ ُ ِT./َُ ْ'َ‫ ه‬.7
‫
رث؟‬X ‫ِ أو‬UَT +- َِ2َ„َْ2 ‫ ا‬Hُ ْ„ُ ‫ ه‬.C .8

b .hّa ‫ ا‬.$„َGِF َِ2> ‫' …َ ِ

ا‬ ِ َ2ُ ‫َِ ا‬F.ِ‫ي آ‬A‫ أ‬/ ِْA‫؟ َأ‬9IَY ‫َاب أم‬j
.
َ ْaِC ‫ب‬ َ /َE ُL‫ ْ
ا‬v‫ت ا‬ ُ ‫ِ
ا‬L.I ‫ْ ا‬0َXَaَT .1
..ًF.P‫ْًَ و‬XِR ‫ََا‬T‫ً و‬L‫َ
ًَ إ ْ
ا‬T ‫ب‬ ُ
َ َ% ‫ ا‬Hَ َE.‫ ه‬.2
.َ /ِRَْ>ُ2 ‫َ َ
هُ ِم ا‬4َY + N L‫ ْ
ا‬v‫™ ا‬ ُ َ ‫ َأآَ ا‬.3
.‫ت‬
ٍ ‫َا‬/َ َ dَ ْ>ِ& ‫ن‬ َ /ِRْ>ُ2 ‫ ا‬.$َََT + ‫ْَِ ا‬X]I ‫ْ ُ
ا‬2ُA ‫ن‬ َ .‫ آ‬.4
.ُyُ&
َ ِL.R ْ0َIَgَ .Cَْ/ِA + N T‫ِ
ا‬% ‫ع ا‬ ِ .-] ‫ت وَز ُ
ا‬َ .C .5
..M .C ` ِ 
َ- ŒA ‫َ َ ِم‬g ‫ ِ„َ َ
ِة ا‬0
ِ َ„ ‫` ا‬ ُ 
َ- ‫ َز‬.- .6
111
 .'
ُ ِ‫آ‬.GَC ِy- cَ .„
C‫ أ‬+- ‫ي‬ N ‫د‬.aِْTv‫ ا‬dُ ْ1َ َ‫ أ‬.7
..ً4
َT ..2 ‫ُ™ أ‬F +
N „
C,‫ ا‬c
ُ L
‫و ُر ا‬Mََ .8

Functional Expression 4678‫رات ا‬:6‫أ‬

!.ْ
ِ4ْY‫ْ َأ‬i‫ ا‬. Come on , tell us!
!َ َE b Nothing new!
‫ل‬ِ N  ‫ ا‬dُ ْ/َC curfew
‫ن‬ َ sِE ‫َُ وا‬A.َ2 ‫ب وا‬ ُ ْ
َ ‫أ‬ war, famine and refugees
َِ%ْ2ُ ‫َ ِة ا‬j Friday prayers
.ٌٍ‫ِ 
ة‬2َْ>ُC َُ1.Xِْv‫أ‬ The uprising is on.
ٌ'NYَ َ& ‫ك‬ َ ./ُ‫ ه‬.2َ .R As long as there is interference
‫ص‬
ٍ .pْP‫ ُد أ‬.%ْF‫إ‬ sending individuals on exile
‫ت‬ ٍ ُF Hُ ْ$َ& demolishing houses
‫ َر ِة‬.ِ ‫ل ا‬ ُ .XْR‫أ‬ children with rocks
‫ب‬ ِ ْ
َ ‫ ا‬5 ِ NTَ َ& )ُ ْ/ُC since war ending
!.ً 2ِ$ُC c َ َ That is not important!
ِ‫َو‬/ ‫ ْَِِ ا‬,‫ ا‬r ُ ْXَY Nuclear weapon reduction
‫ي‬ N
َ„ْ>َ% ‫ن ا‬ ُ ‫ا ا ُز‬ military balance
ُL./N: ‫ت ا‬ُ .Tَ% ‫ا‬ bilateral relations
+N E /„ ‫ي وا‬ N ‫ر‬.] ‫ل ا‬ ُ ‫ ُد‬.4 ‫ا‬ commercial and technological exchange
. ً َ>ُC ‫ هَ)ا‬c َ َ This is not impossible.
+>َْR,‫ ا‬5 ُ ْِ Atlantic Alliance
+ N .> ‫ح ا‬ ُ .ِXْvَ‫أ‬ political opening
.ٌ‫ء‬+َ ‫ ُد‬.aِْTvَ‫أ‬ The economy is worse.
!+ ] ‫ِْ
اآ‬P,‫ ِم ا‬.u]/ ‫ ا‬+- َُ‫َ َ
آ‬4 َ‫أ‬ Bless the socialist system!
‫؟‬Hُ$َْT‫ن َو‬ َ %]َUُ ‫ذا‬.2ِ Why would they waste their time?
112
 ‫؟‬.... ‫ق‬ ُ ] َaُ ‫ن‬ َ .‫َْ آ‬C Who would believe …….?
!
ُ ََ Hُ َ .% ‫أ‬ The world is changing!
‫ض‬
ِ .$ْEv‫ ا‬+- ‫ ِء‬.>]/ ‫` ا‬ ] َ women’s right for abortion
)ِ Xْ/ ‫ ا‬5 ِ ْT‫ َو‬dَ َC ُ ْ]> ‫ا‬ jail sentence on probation
‫ض‬ ِ .$ْEv‫ت ا‬ ِ ‫دا‬.ِ%َ ‫ي‬
N Mَ‫َ
ْآ‬2 ‫' ا‬
ُ 2 ‫ أ‬federal funding for abortion clinics
‫ ِء‬.>]/ ‫ق ا‬ ِ gُ َْA ٌdُE‫&َ
ا‬ back step for women’s rights
ُ]C‫ا‬M v‫ُ ا‬A.2ْEv‫َُ ا‬Cِْp ‫ا‬ compulsory social service
!Hُ َْ%َ Qُ َ ْ‫ َو‬i
ُ ‫أ‬ Only Allah knows!
!‫ِا ٍء‬- ™ ُ 4َ‫آ‬ scapegoat
!yG„ ‫ ا‬Qِ )ِ َ‫ف ه‬ ُ
ِ ْ%َ 
ُ  We know this cliché!

Vocabulary List ‫ ا=<دات‬4=7)

ٌŸِAْMُC annoying
ٌ‫ْ
وح‬IَC open for discussion
ٌ‫ ِون‬.%َُC collaborating, coordinating
ٌ'Iَ%ُC closed down, not working
+
l ََC civil, civilian
ٌ‫ْ
وض‬XَC enforced
‫ي‬
l
َ„ْ>َA military
‫ ُوزَرا ُء‬-ٌ
‫وَز‬ minister/s
ٌcLَ‫ر‬ president
ٌ‫ َدة‬.ِT leadership
ٌِL.T leader, commander
ٌْC‫َأ‬ security

113
ٌ‫ات‬T - ٌ‫ ة‬T power, force/s
ٌ™َE army
ٌ‫ِب‬gْ‫إ‬ coup
ٌ‫ ار‬/ ٌ
ِL. rebel/s
ٌ‫ع‬.-ِ‫د‬ defense
ٌ‫ُد ْر‬ constitution
ٌَIْُ authority, power
ٌ
aَC fate, destiny
ٌ
Cَْ& destruction
ٌَ1 victim/s
ٌ5ْaَT bombing
ٌ‫ر‬.aِ blockade
ٌَ1.Xِْ‫إ‬ Intifadha, uprising
ٌَA.َC famine
ٌdN2ََ& assembling
ٌ‫هُ
ات‬.uَ& demonstrations
ٌِْ prison, jail
ٌHْ$َ& demolition, destruction
ٌ'َْgَC murder
‫ى‬
ً
ُT / ٌَْ
َT village/s
ٌdِTَC position/s
ٌ'ِ ‫ُ
ا‬C correspondent
ٌ
ََ - ٌ‫ َرة‬.ِ stone, stones
ٌ‫هُم‬ attack
ٌ‫د‬.%ْF‫إ‬ deportation
ٌ'ُYَ َ& intervention, interference
ٌ‫إِْل‬ occupation
114
 ‫ب‬
l .P young man
ٌَE. need
ٌَMْ%َ& condolences
ٌ‫ِاد‬ mourning
'ُ ِL. َ‫ ر‬- ٌَ . ِ‫ر‬ letter/s
‫ن‬َ /ِRَْ>ُC - ٌِRَْ>ُCsettler/s
‫ن‬َ sِEb - ٌ‫ء‬+ِEb refugee/s
ٌrْXَY reduction
ٌ‫ح‬.ِXْ‫إ‬ opening
ٌ‫َ>¡ول‬C official
ٌَUَ- scandal
ٌUَT case, issue, matter
ٌdُE‫&َ
ا‬ backing away
ٌ‫َ َدة‬A return
ٌَ& unification
ٌَC‫…َ
ا‬ fine
ٌ'ْ2َ& financing
ٌْ-‫َو‬ delegate
ٌ‫ُ َ ]رب‬C coach
ٌَ IُF championship
. 6 Asia
‫ َم‬Mَ َ‫ه‬ to defeat, conquer
' َ to dissolve, solve
'َ IَA to suspend
`َ َْ…‫َأ‬ to close
َ›َgَ to fall
َ ‫َأآ‬ to emphasize
115

َ َ„ْ‫أ‬ to deny
‫ َز‬.- to win
Œ ‫&َا‬ to keep coming
‫ف‬َ
َ َj to spend
'
َ ُِT to be murdered
)َ Xَ to execute
dَ َIَT to cut off
5َ َGَ„ْ‫إ‬ to be exposed
'َ َgَْA‫إ‬ to arrest
ŒCَ‫ر‬ to fire at
Hَ Iََ& to crash
™َ َT. to discuss
\َ َpَْ‫إ‬ to elect
.2َ .R as long as

Grammar
‫ا‬->‫أ‬
Hollow Verbs are those verbs in which the second consonant of the root is a long vowel as in:
‫ َر‬. ‫ َم‬. ‫ل‬
َ .T
This category of verbs is divided into three groups according to the way in which the vowel
changes.
1. The first group is:
‫ل‬
ُ gَ - ‫ل‬
َ .T ‫ و‬---- ‫ا‬
The middle short vowel of the present form is -ُ
2. The next group is:

ُ >َ - ‫ َر‬. ‫ ي‬---- ‫ا‬
The middle short vowel of the present form is -ِ
116
3. The third group is:
‫ ُم‬./َ - ‫ َم‬. ‫ ا‬---- ‫ا‬
The middle short vowel of the present form is -َ

Remember that these changes are required when you change the hollow verb from past to
present.

In the past form of the verb, the long vowel does not appear except for the third person singular
(m. & f.) and third person plural (m. only). It also shows in the third person dual (m. & f.)

Verb Conjugation ‫ل‬6 @‫ ا‬ABCD

1. The following is the conjugation of the verb ‫ل‬
َ .T to both singular and plural pronouns, for
both past and present tenses.

َ‫أ‬ E
ِ ْ‫َأ‬ E
َ ْ‫َأ‬ ‫ه‬ -‫ه‬
0
ُ ْُT 0
ِ ْُT 0
َ ْُT ْ0َ .T ‫ل‬
َ .T +1.2 ‫أ‬
‫ل‬
ُ T‫أ‬ 
َ  gَ& ‫ل‬
ُ gَ& ‫ل‬
ُ gَ& ‫ل‬
ُ gَ ‫رع‬.Uُ2 ‫أ‬
2
ُ M 2
 ُ‫أ‬ (ُ‫أ‬ 2
 ُ‫ه‬ (ُ‫ه‬
./ْُT 
 ُْُT HُْُT 
َ ْُT ‫ ا‬.T +1.2 ‫أ‬
‫ل‬
ُ gَ 
َ ْُgَ& ‫ن‬
َ  gَ& 
َ ْُgَ ‫ن‬
َ  gَ ‫رع‬.Uُ2 ‫أ‬
2. The following is the conjugation of the verb ‫ع‬ َ .F to both singular and plural pronouns, for
both past and present tenses.
َ‫أ‬ E
ِ ْ‫َأ‬ E
َ ْ‫َأ‬ ‫ه‬ -‫ه‬
0
ُ ْ%ِF 0
ِ ْ%ِF 0
َ ْ%ِF ْ0َA.F ‫ع‬
َ .F +1.2 ‫أ‬
dُ F‫أ‬ 
َ %4َ& dُ 4َ& ُd4َ& dُ 4َ ‫رع‬.Uُ2 ‫أ‬

2
ُ M 2
 ُ‫أ‬ (ُ‫أ‬ 2
 ُ‫ه‬ (ُ‫ه‬
./ْ%ِF 
 ُْ%ِF ْHُْ%ِF 
َ ْ%ِF ‫ا‬A.F +1.2 ‫أ‬
dُ 4َ 
َ ْ%ِ4َ& ‫ن‬
َ %4َ& 
َ ْ%ِ4َ ‫ن‬
َ %4َ ‫رع‬.Uُ2 ‫أ‬

117
3. The following is the conjugation of the verb ‫ َم‬. to both singular and plural pronouns, for both
past and present tenses.

َ‫أ‬ E
ِ ْ‫َأ‬ E
َ ْ‫َأ‬ ‫ه‬ -‫ه‬
0ُ ْ2ِ 0
ِ ْ2ِ 0
َ ْ2ِ ْ0َC. ‫ َم‬. +1.2 ‫أ‬
‫ ُم‬.َ‫أ‬ 
َ C./َ& ‫ ُم‬./َ& ‫ ُم‬./َ& ‫ ُم‬./َ ‫رع‬.Uُ2 ‫أ‬
2
ُ M 2
 ُ‫أ‬ (ُ‫أ‬ 2
 ُ‫ه‬ (ُ‫ه‬
./2ِ 
 ُْ2ِ Hُْ2ِ 
َ ْ2ِ ‫ا‬C. +1.2 ‫أ‬
‫ ُم‬./َ 
َ ْ2َ/َ& ‫ن‬
َ C./َ& 
َ ْ2َ/َ ‫ن‬
َ C./َ ‫رع‬.Uُ2 ‫أ‬

Drill # 1 ‫ ا@ول‬2B=‫أ‬
Use the words and phrases in the Vocabulary List in good sentences:

Drill # 2 G‫ ا‬2B=‫أ‬

Please choose the correct options:
..‫ إ Œ &ُ
آ‬
َ ]T‫ِ
ا‬% ‫ ا‬
َ sِE¥ ‫ِْ ا‬C ٌ‫َ َد‬A 'َ َjَ‫و‬ .1
:\ُ َ4> ‫ن ا‬ ُ „َ b .2F‫ُر‬
َُCِْp ‫ ْَُِ وا‬,‫ أ‬.‫ ُر ت‬.aِ ‫ وا‬5 ُ ْaَg ‫ أ‬.‫َُ ب‬A.َ2 ‫ب وا‬ ُ ْ
َ ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

.)ِ Xْ/ ‫ ا‬5

ِ ْT‫ َو‬dَ َC ًَ/َ 
َ ْ]> ‫َِ ا‬2َ„َْ2 ‫َ
ا ُر ا‬T ‫ن‬
َ .‫آ‬ .2
This sentence says that the person got:
a. a year in absentia
b. a year on probation
c. a year of hard labor

..ُA ‫ت‬
ٍ .Iُُ ............ ........... ' ُ ُE
 ‫ن ا‬
َ .‫آ‬ .3
:‫ ٍر ه‬.ْY‫' ا‬ ُ َUْ-‫أ‬
‫ت‬
ِ .Tَ% ‫™ ا‬
ُ ِT./ُ .‫ِ َ
ت‬C‫] ُ) أَوا‬Xَ/ُ .‫ُ ب‬yَْT‫ َو‬dُ ]َUُ .‫أ‬
118
 !B
َِ ََA ٌ‫ر‬.A .4
You would use this expression when you:
a. express sympathy
b. accept an invitation
c. none of the above

..... ‫ك‬
َ ./ُ‫ْ ه‬0َ>َ ُy‫ َأ‬+/ْ%َ b ‫ هَ)ا‬.cِ ْC‫ت َ ِم َأ‬
ِ ‫هُ
ا‬.uَ& َ ْ%َF .ًLِ‫د‬.‫ ه‬dُ ْ1َ ‫ن ا‬
َ .‫ آ‬.5
:‫\ ه‬
ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
ًٌَ‫ ه‬.‫ت‬ ًَ1.Xِْ‫ إ‬.‫ب‬ ًَA.َC .‫أ‬
One of the following statements is false vis-à-vis the Hollow Verbs. .6
Which one?
a. They begin with a long vowel.
b. The long vowel is in the medial position.
c. Mostly, the long vowel changes in the present tense.

!َِC„ُ ‫Œ ا‬A ‫ ُر‬.% َ‫ أ‬.‫ح‬

ِ .4a ‫ِ ِ ا‬L‫َ
ا‬E +- ِUَg ‫َْ ا‬A .‫َ
أ‬T .7
:َ‫ك‬./ُ‫ن ه‬
 ‫ َأ‬B
َ ِ ‫Œ َذ‬/ْ%َC
ٌ
aَC .‫ت‬ ٌَUَ- .‫ب‬ ٌَC‫ …َ
ا‬.‫أ‬

ٌ‫ف‬j ، ٌْIُT ، ٌ

َ .8
One of the following cannot be made of all these materials. Which?
ٌ‫ ِ)اء‬.‫ت‬ ٌq2َT .‫ب‬ ٌ‫ن‬.ْ>ُ- .‫أ‬

.\
ٍ ِ ./ُC
َ َ… ‫ق‬
ِ ‫ِ
ا‬% ‫ ا‬+- dِ ْ1َ ‫َْ ا‬A 
ِ ْC,‫ ا‬c
ِ ِَْC ‫َ
ا ُر‬T ‫ن‬
َ .‫آ‬ .9
The medial long vowel of the sentence's hollow verb will change to the vowel in option
...... if the verb tense is changed to present.
‫ ي‬.‫ت‬ ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ‫ و‬.‫أ‬

‫ل‬
ِ N  ‫ ا‬dُ ْ/َC‫ت و‬
ِ ُ4 ‫ ا‬Hُ $َ&‫ ُد و‬.%ْFv‫ص وا‬
ِ .pْP,‫ل ا‬ ُ .gِْA‫إ‬ .10
:َ‫ك‬./ُ‫ن ه‬
 ‫ َأ‬+/ْ%َ ‫هَ)ا‬

119
 ٌَ1.Xِْ‫ إ‬.‫ت‬ ٌَC‫ …َ
ا‬.‫ب‬ )ِ X/ ‫ ا‬5
ُ ْT‫ َو‬.‫أ‬

.+
] Fَ
َ% ‫ ا‬Hِ َ .% ‫ ا‬+- ٌ2ِ$ُC ٌUَT ...... ......... .11
:\
ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
‫ض‬
ِ .$ْEv‫` ا‬ N َ .‫َِ ت‬%ْ2ُ ‫َ ُة ا‬j .‫ُ ب‬L.% ‫َُ ا‬IِF‫ أَ
ا‬.‫أ‬
You need to use a ٌ‫س‬.ِT when you want to buy .................. .12
َ ِL‫َ
ا‬E .‫ت‬ .ً R‫ْ
ا‬T‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ ِ)ا ًء‬.‫أ‬
.
ٍ ْ$َP ْ)ْ/ُC
l ِ2َْ>ُC ........... .13
:‫\ ه‬ ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYvَ‫أ‬
َُA.َ2 ‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ 5
ُ ْaَg ‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ ُر‬.aِ ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

. ......... \
ِ َ4َ>ِF ‫ َر‬.Iَ2 ‫ت ا‬
ُ .IُN> ‫ْ ا‬0َgَْ…‫َأ‬ .14
:‫\ ه‬ ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYvَ‫أ‬
َِ ‫َِ ا‬Xَj.% ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ ‫ي‬
]
َ„ْ>َ% ‫ب ا‬ِ ِgْv‫ ا‬.‫` ب‬ ِ 
َX ‫َ ِز ا‬- .‫أ‬

. ............ ‫ ِد‬2 ‫ ِ ا‬A ........... ‫ن‬

‫إ‬ .15
:‫ ٍر ه‬.ْY‫' ا‬ ُ َUْ-‫َأ‬
ٍL.A - َُْXَ .‫ت‬ ٌL.A – ََْXَ .‫ً ب‬L.A - َِْXَ .‫أ‬

.‫ل‬
ِ ِْv‫™ ا‬ ِ َE ŒA ‫ َر َة‬.ِ ‫ل ا‬ ُ .XْْR,‫ ا‬+Cْ
َ .16
:َْA ‫ث‬
ُ  ََ&‫ أ‬.‫أ‬
‫ض‬
ِ .$ْEv‫ ا‬+- ‫ ِء‬.>]/ ‫` ا‬ ] َ .‫أ‬
r
ِ َF,‫ ا‬0 ِ َ4 ‫ ا‬+- ٍَUَ- .‫ب‬
ِF
َ ‫ِ ا‬XU ‫ ا‬+- ‫ت‬ ِ ‫هُ
ا‬.u ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬

.‫ب‬
ِ ْgْv‫ َر ا‬.4ْY‫\ أ‬
ُ ِ.E,‫ن ا‬
َ ِ ‫ُ
ا‬2 ‫َأآ َ ا‬ .17
What is the antonym of the sentence's verb?
120
 '
َ َgَْA‫ إ‬.‫ت‬ َ›َgَ .‫ب‬ ŒXَ .‫أ‬

.‫ َ
ِة‬L.I ‫ ِدَِ ا‬. \ ِ َ4َ>ِF rِ َF,‫ ا‬0 ِ َ4 ‫Œ ا‬A Œ ‫ &ََا‬........ ......... .18
:‫ ٍر ه‬.ْY‫' ا‬ ُ َUْ-‫َأ‬
‫َ َ ِم‬g ‫ آُ َ
ُة ا‬.‫ت‬ ٌ]َE ٌَXِj.A .‫ب‬ َِMْ% ‫' ا‬
ُ ِL. َ‫ ر‬.‫أ‬

.ِ]َ ‫َِ ا‬Xِj.% ‫\ ا‬ِ َ4َ>ِF ِy]C‫ ُأ‬dَ َC '

ُ ْX]I ‫ َم ا‬. .19
The hollow verb of this sentence, ‫م‬ َ . , will change to ............. if we change the tense
from past to present.
Hُ /َ .‫ت‬ ‫ ُم‬/َ .‫ب‬ ‫ ُم‬./َ .‫أ‬

.‫ل‬
ِ ِْ,‫ت ا‬
ِ .Iُُ dَ َC ٌ‫ ِون‬.%َُC ُy, َِ
َg ‫ِْ ا‬C 
ً ُE‫ب َر‬
ُ
َ َ% ‫' ا‬
َ ََT .20
a. was a collaborator
b. was a revolutionary
c. was a member of the regime party

..ً A4ْ ‫َ
ََ ُأ‬g ‫ ا‬ِ ْC,‫ت ا‬ُ ‫ا‬T ْ‫َ َ
ت‬j. .21
:.$‫ أ‬+/ْ%َ ‫هَ)ا‬
َL./N: ‫ت ا‬
ِ .Tَ% ‫ْ ا‬0َXَ .‫أ‬
‫ق‬
َ
ُ NI ‫ع وا‬ َ ‫ا ِر‬G ‫ْ ا‬0َgَْ…‫ َأ‬.‫ب‬
+
 .]> ‫ ا‬dَ ْ1َ ‫ْ ا‬0َGَT. .‫ت‬

.‫ل‬
ِ ِْv‫ت ا‬
ِ ‫ا‬T ŒA ........ ‫ن‬
َ C
َ ‫ل‬ ُ .XْR,‫ن ا‬ َ .‫آ‬ .22
:‫ ٍر ه‬.ْY‫' ا‬
ُ َUْ-‫َأ‬
ََِْ ,‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ ‫ ْ َر‬N ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ‫ َر َة‬.ِ ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

. ................ c
ِ C‫ُ َ َم أ‬L‫ ْ
ا‬v‫ت ا‬
ُ ‫ِ
ا‬L.I ‫ْ ا‬0َXَaَT .23
:ِ\ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYvَ‫أ‬

121
 َِ%ُ2ُ ‫َ ِة ا‬j ‫ َء‬./ْ‫ َأ‬.‫أ‬
+
] E /„ ‫ل ا‬ ِ ‫ ُد‬.4 ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬
‫ُ
ى‬g ‫ وا‬dِ ِT‫َا‬2 ‫ ا‬r
َ ْ%َF .‫ت‬

.‫ ِء‬.>]/ ‫ق ا‬
ِ gُ َْA ٌdُE‫َِ &َ
ا‬2َ„‫َْـ‬2 ‫َ
ا َر ا‬T ‫ن‬
 ‫َ
َأ ُة إ‬2 ‫ْ ا‬0َ .T .24
This woman seems that she:
a. protests the Supreme Court decision
b. supports the Supreme Court decision
c. hasn’t heard of the Supreme Court decision

.ُyََF ........ ‫َِ و‬1.Xِْv‫ِ َ ا‬L.T ‫ل‬

ِ ِْv‫ت ا‬
ُ .Iُُ ............. .25
:‫ ٍر ه‬.ْY‫' ا‬
ُ َUَ-‫َأ‬
ْ‫َ َ)ت‬Xَ – ْ0َXَGَ„ْ‫ إ‬.‫ْ ت‬0َCَ َ‫ْ – ه‬0ََgَْA‫ إ‬.‫ْ ب‬0َIَA – ْ0َ2Iََ& .‫أ‬

Drill # 3: :HG‫ ا‬2B=‫أ‬

a. Vowel the following: :َِ . ‫' ا‬

ِ َ2ُ ‫ ا‬+- ‫ت‬
ِ .2َ„ ‫ِ َ
ا‬Y‫ أَوا‬+‫ َ
]آ‬/ ْ‫َ ]
ك‬
‫ض؟‬.$ْEv‫َ ا‬UَT +- .ُ% ‫َ ا‬2َ„َْ2 ‫ ا‬Hْ„ُ ‫ ه‬.C .1
‫ْ َ؟‬GَC .„
C‫ء أ‬+َP ‫ي‬9F .2
.‫ُس‬g ‫ ا‬+- َ%ُ2ُ ‫َة ا‬j ْ%َF ‫هُ
ات‬.u ‫ ا‬0ََ َ .3
‫ََت؟‬%ْF‫ِْل وأ‬v‫ت ا‬.Iُُ ‫ََت‬%ْF‫ َأ‬qْpَP Hَ‫ آ‬.4
b. Change the verbs to the present tense:
!‫ع‬ِ ‫ ِر‬.Uُ2 ‫ ا‬ ِ َCM ‫َِ ا‬j Œ ‫ ََ إ‬. ‫' ا‬ َ َ2ُ ‫ ا‬+ ]َ / ْ‫َ ]ل‬
..$َِْ
َT ŒA ٌ‫ْ
وض‬XَC ‫ل‬ ِ N َ ‫ ا‬dَ ْ/َC ‫ن‬
 ‫َ
َأ ُة إ‬2 ‫ْ ا‬0َ .T .1
.‫ْ
ى‬Y‫ٍَ ُأ‬/َC Œ ‫َ
وا إ‬E.‫ْ وه‬Hُ$َ&ُF  َ 2ِْ>ُ2 ‫ ا‬Hُ َuْ%ُC ‫ع‬ َ .F .2
.
ِ ِL‫ا‬Mَ ‫ ا‬+- ‫ي‬ 
َ„ْ>َ% ‫ب ا‬ َ ِgْv‫َ َتْ ا‬A. .„
C‫ن أ‬  ‫ ا إ‬.T ‫ن‬ َ ِ ‫ُ
ا‬2 َ‫ أ‬.3
.‫ب‬
ِ ْ
َ ‫ِْ ا‬C ‫ْ َ
ٍة‬4َ‫دٍ آ‬.aِْT‫ت ا‬ ٍ ‫َا‬A.>ُ2ِF ‫ب‬ِ ِgْv‫َُ ا‬C„ُ ْ‫زَت‬.- .4
.‫ل‬
ِ ِْv‫ِ  ا‬1 ‫ َ
ٍة‬4َ‫ت آ‬ٍ ‫هُ
ا‬.uَ& +- ‫س‬ ُ ./ ‫ َر ا‬. .5

122
 .َِ ‫َِ ا‬Xِj.% ‫ِْ ا‬C ٌ5ِL.Y ُy,
َ ِy]C‫ ُأ‬dَ َC '
ُ ْX]I ‫ َم ا‬. .6
c. Rearrange the following words to make good sentences:
:ٍََj '
ٍ َ2ُE 
ِ „َِ َِ . ‫ت ا‬
ِ .2ِَ„ ‫\ ا‬
َ &
َ& ‫ي‬Aَ‫ أ‬/ ِْA‫َأ‬

.‫ ِد‬.aِْTv‫َِ ا‬Uَ- ِ‫ِْ

اآ‬Pv‫ َر ا‬.4ْY‫ أ‬c ِ Lَ‫ ر‬dَ َC .‫َ
أ‬T َِC„ُ ‫ وَز َ
ِة ا‬.1
.‫ي‬


َ ‫' ا‬ ِ ْaَXِ ُyَُ
َْP‫ ِ\ٌ ا‬./ُC ‫ِ ُ ا )ي‬gَْA‫ َأ‬5ِ a ‫ ا‬q َ 2َg ‫ن ا‬  ‫ َأ‬.2
.‫ت‬
ِ .Iُُ +- ‫ت‬ ِ .%ِC. ‫ِ ا‬XU ‫ْ ا‬0َ .T ‫ل‬ ِ ِْv‫ِ ا‬F
َ ‫ ا‬5 ُ ُNa ‫ْ ا‬0َgَْ…‫ن َأ‬
 ‫ إ‬.3
.‫ن‬
ُ „ََ c ِ ْC‫ْ َ َأ‬%َF 
ِ ْC,‫ ا‬dَ ْ1َ ‫ت ا‬
ِ ‫هُ
ا‬.uَ& .ً Lِ‫د‬.‫ ه‬N ُuَ b ‫ن َ ِم‬
 ‫ل َأ‬
ُ .Eِ‫ ر‬.4

Drill # 4: :I"‫ اا‬2B=‫أ‬

Please choose the correct options and explain WHY:

.‫ي‬
l ‫َ
ور‬1 ٌ‫ء‬+َP +  E /„ ‫ل ا‬ َ ‫ ُد‬.4 ‫ن ا‬
 ‫ إ‬.B
ِ َ%َC ` N َ ‫أ‬ .1
:+/‫ َأ‬B َ ِ ‫Œ َذ‬/ْ%َC
B
ِ َ%َC )ُ ]Xَ‫ ُأ‬.‫ ت‬B
ِ َ%َC 5
ُ ِَْY‫ َأ‬.‫ ب‬B ِ َ%َC `
ُ ِX&‫ َأ‬.‫أ‬

. ........... .......... dَ َC ٌ‫ ِون‬.%َُC ٌ'ُE‫ُ َر‬y‫ن َأ‬

َ ‫ِو‬gَْ%َ .2
:‫ ٍر ه‬.ْY‫' ا‬ ُ َUْ-‫َأ‬
‫ل‬
ِ ِْv‫ت ا‬
ِ .Iُُ .‫ِ ت‬L./N: ‫ت ا‬ ِ .Tَ% ‫ ا‬.‫َِ ب‬%ْ2ُ ‫َ ُة ا‬j .‫أ‬

.‫ج‬
ِ .Aْ‫ز‬v‫Œ ا‬A ٌ5ِ ‫ أ‬.َ‫ أ‬:`
ِ 
َX ‫ب ا‬
ِ ‫ُ َ ]ر‬2ِ  ‫ل و‬
َ .T .3
Mr. Walid is sorry for:
a. coming late
b. talking loudly
c. bothering someone

.‫ن‬َ ./ْ4ُ ‫ب‬

ِ /َE +-  َ sِEb Hُْ/ُ‫هَ'ْ آ‬ .4
:ُُaْT‫ َأ‬.‫أ‬

 ُْ‫ َأ‬.‫ت‬ ْHُْ‫ َأ‬.‫ب‬ ْHُ‫ ه‬.‫أ‬

123
 ‫َ
َِ؟‬g ‫ َر ا‬.aِ Hُَ2ْ‫ هَ'ْ َأآ‬:™
ِ َ ‫ِ ُ ا‬L.T ‫ل‬
َ 9َ .5
The pronoun suffixed to the verb is:
a. a subject pronoun
b. an object pronoun
c. a possessive pronoun

. ........... ŒA ‫ َر َة‬.ِ ‫ن ا‬
َ Cْ
َ ‫ل‬
ُ .XْR,‫ن ا‬ َ .‫آ‬ .6
:‫\ ه‬ ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬

ِ ْC,‫ت ا‬
ِ ‫ا‬T .‫ت‬ 
َ  ‫َ>ْ¡و‬2 ‫ ا‬.‫ب ب‬ ِ ْ
َ ‫ ا‬5ِ ْT‫ َو‬.‫أ‬

.(.ً 4
ْgَ&) '
ِ  ‫ ا‬5
َ ْaَ ‫ت‬
ِ ‫ِ
ا‬L.I ‫ ا‬5
ُ ْaَT ‫َ ََأ‬F .7
Which of the following words is the synonym of the one between parentheses, even
though you need to change the order of the words?
ًَggَ .‫ت‬ ‫ْ
ا ٍر‬2ِْ .F .‫ب‬ + ‫ َا‬.‫أ‬

. ....... Œ ‫\ إ‬ َ َ‫ج َأنْ َ)ْه‬

ُ .َْ !‫ ًة‬9َ َْ- َِRْ
NG ‫\ ا‬
ِ َْ„َC ‫ َم‬.C‫' أ‬
ُ ُE
 ‫َ›َ ا‬gَ .8
:‫\ ه‬ ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYvَ‫أ‬
‫ َد ِة‬.% ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ ŒXْGَْ>ُ2 ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ 
ِ ْ]> ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

.(‫ح‬
ِ .4a ‫ ا‬+-) ‫ت‬
ُ ‫ِ
ا‬L.I ‫ْ ا‬0َXَaَT .9
Which of the following options cannot replace the phrase that is between parentheses?
:‫\ ه‬ ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYvَ‫أ‬
َِ%ْ2ُ ‫َ ِة ا‬j َ ْ%َF .‫أ‬
‫ُ
ى‬g ‫ وا‬dِ ِT‫َا‬2 ‫ ا‬r َ ْ%َF .‫ب‬
+E /„ ‫ل ا‬ ِ ‫ ُد‬.4 ‫ ا‬dَ َC .‫ت‬

.
ٍ ِ„‫ْـ‬2ُC
ُ َ… ‫ح‬
َ .ِXْv‫ن ا‬
 - .$ََ . َُC„ُ ‫ &َُ] ُ
ا‬b (.2َ .R) .10
The word between parentheses means:
a. as long as
b. it is probably true
c. one can conclude that

.+
] ‫ِْ
اآ‬Pv‫ ِم ا‬.u]/ ‫ ا‬+- َُ‫َ َ
آ‬4 َ‫ أ‬:‫ ا زَرا ِء‬c
ُ Lَ‫ل ر‬
َ .T .11
The prime minister is talking about:
a. the Islamic system

124
 b. the socialist system
c. the capitalist system

.. 6 ............ ِ‫ـ‬F +

N T‫ِ
ا‬% ‫َ َ ِم ا‬g ‫` آُ َ
ِة ا‬
ُ 
َ- ‫ َز‬.- .12
:‫ ٍر ه‬.ْY‫' ا‬ ُ َUْ-‫َأ‬
‫ ِة‬Mَ ِ$ْE‫ َأ‬.‫ت‬ َِ IُF .‫ف ب‬ ِ ‫ َأهْا‬.‫أ‬

‫ِ؟‬Fْ
َ ‫ِ ا‬XU ‫ ا‬+- B ِ ُ‫َْـ‬F.T +/‫ َأ‬
َ 
‫هَ'ْ &ََ)َآ‬ .13
:ُِaْT‫ َأ‬.َ‫أ‬
0
ِ ْ‫ َأ‬.‫ت‬ 
 ُْ‫ َأ‬.‫ب‬ 0
َ ْ‫ َأ‬.‫أ‬

.‫ب‬
ِ /َ ‫ ا‬+- ‫ُ
ى‬g ‫ِْ ا‬C ‫ََدًا‬A ‫ت‬
ُ ‫ِ
ا‬L.I ‫ْ ا‬0َXَaَT .14
:َ‫ك‬./ُ‫ن ه‬
َ „َ ْ‫َُ َأن‬/ َ‫أ‬
.ً.ِXْ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ ..َ1 .‫ب‬ \
َ ِ.E‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

..ُA ‫ت‬
ٍ .Iُُ ......... ........ '
ُ ُE
 ‫ن ا‬
َ .‫آ‬ .15
You want to say, "wasting his time."
:‫ ٍر ه‬.ْY‫' ا‬ ُ َUْ-‫َأ‬
‫ت‬
ِ .Tَ% ‫™ ا‬
ُ ِT./ُ .‫ت‬
َ ِC‫] ُ) أَوا‬Xَ/ُ .‫ب‬ 0
َ ْT‫ َو‬dُ ]َUُ .‫أ‬

‫نَ؟‬,‫ْ َ ا‬%َF  ‫ وار‬5 ِ ْِِ ......... ‫ك‬

َ ./ُ‫هَ'ْ ه‬ .16
:‫ ٍر ه‬.ْY‫' ا‬
ُ َUْ-‫َأ‬
ٌَE. .‫ت‬ ٌ‫َ َدة‬A .‫ب‬ ٌَ& .‫أ‬

.‫ع‬
ِ ‫ا ِر‬G ‫ ا‬+- ِ ْC,‫ت ا‬
ِ ‫ا‬T ‫ن‬
 ‫ َأ‬+/T]َj .17
:‫ث‬
ُ  ََ&‫ أ‬.‫أ‬
ُyَ%َC .‫ت‬ B
ِ َ%َC .‫ ب‬B َ َ%َC .‫أ‬

،ُ‫د‬.%ْFv‫ت وا‬
ِ ُ4 ‫ ا‬Hُ ْ$َ&‫ص و‬ِ .pْP,‫ل ا‬ُ .gِْA‫لِ وا‬N  ‫ ا‬dُ ْ/َC .18
:ٌَTَA .$ Qِ )َ‫' ه‬
N ُ‫آ‬
َِ1.Xِْv.F .‫ت‬ َِC‫ َ
ا‬.F .‫ب‬ )ِ Xْ/ ‫ ا‬0ِ ْTَ ِF .‫أ‬

125
 ‫ ؟‬.......... َِ1.Xِْv‫َْ ا‬A ........ ‫ن‬
َ .‫هَ'ْ آ‬ .19
:‫ ٍر ه‬.ْY‫' ا‬
ُ َUْ-‫َأ‬
.ً 4
َ… - ُyُ‫ رأ‬.‫\ ت‬ ٍ 
َ… – ُyَ‫ رأ‬.‫ِ – …َ
\ٌ ب‬yِ‫ رأ‬.‫أ‬

.‫ِ َ
ِة‬L.I ‫ ِدَِ ا‬. \ ِ َ4َ>ِF r
ِ َF,‫ ا‬0 ِ َ4 ‫Œ ا‬A Œ ‫ &ََا‬.......... .......... .20
:‫ ٍر ه‬.ْY‫' ا‬ُ َUْ-‫َأ‬
‫َ َ ِم‬g ‫ آُ َ
ُة ا‬.‫ت‬ ٌ] َE ٌَXِj.A .‫زي ب‬.% ‫' ا‬ ُ ِL. َ‫ ر‬.‫أ‬

.‫ ِء‬.>]/ ‫ق ا‬
ِ gُ َْA ٌdُE‫ &َ
ا‬.ُ% ‫َِ ا‬2َ„َْ2 ‫َ
ا َر ا‬T ‫ن‬  ‫ َأ‬+&‫ َر‬.E .......... .21
:‫ ٍر ه‬.ْY‫' ا‬
ُ َUْ-‫َأ‬
'
ُ ]Iَ%ُ& .‫ت‬ Hُ ]Iَُ& .‫ب‬ ُ ِgَْ%َ& .‫أ‬

.ِ‫َو‬/ ‫ ْَِِ ا‬,

َ ‫ا‬r
َ ْXَY ‫ن‬
َ  ‫َ>¡و‬2 ‫™ ا‬
ُ ِT./ُ .22
The officials are discussing the .......... of nuclear weapons.
a. control
b. reduction
c. elimination

‫ِبِ؟‬gْv‫َْ ا‬A ‫ي‬

N
َ„‫َ>ْـ‬% ‫ِ ُ ا‬L.g ‫ ا‬Hُ‫َ َ
آ‬4ْY‫هَ'ْ َأ‬ .23
:ُ ِaْT‫ َا‬.َ‫أ‬
ْHُْ‫ َأ‬.‫ت‬ ْHُ‫ ه‬.‫ب‬ 0
َ ْ‫ َأ‬.‫أ‬

.‫ح‬
َ .4a ‫ِ َ
ُة هَ)ا ا‬L.I ‫ْ ا‬0َ2Iََ& ،ِ5َ —َ ِ .24
:+‫ ه‬/ ‫\ ه‬ ُ َ4> ‫ن ا‬
ُ „َ .2F‫ُر‬
َ] َ ‫ََ ا‬Xِa% َ‫ أ‬.‫ َو]َ ت‬/ ‫ ْََِ ا‬,َ‫ أ‬.‫ي ب‬ 
َ„‫َ>ْـ‬% ‫ن ا‬َ ‫أَ ا ُز‬.‫أ‬

‫ت‬
ِ ‫ِ
ا‬L.I ‫ ا‬Hُ NIََ& ،ُ‫َو‬/ ‫ ْَُِ ا‬,َ‫ أ‬،ِ‫ِ
ات‬L.I ‫ ا‬5
ُ ْaَT .25
All of the above are terrible. Which one is the most deadly?
‫ت‬
ِ ‫ِ
ا‬L.I ‫ ا‬5 ُ ْaَT .‫أ‬
ُ‫َو‬/ ‫ ْَُِ ا‬,َ‫ أ‬.‫ب‬
‫ت‬
ِ ‫ِ
ا‬L.I ‫ ا‬Hُ NIََ& .‫ت‬

126
Reading Exercise ‫ ا>اءة‬2B=D

Read the following words, phrases and sentences into your tape recorder, then listen to
them. Give the tape to your teacher to check your performance:

ٌ‫د‬.%ْF‫ٌِ هُمٌ إ‬L.T ٌَA.َC ٌ‫ِاد‬

ٌ'NYَ َ& ٌ‫َوا ُد ْر‬%ْF‫ا أ‬Nَ ٌ
aَC
‫ب‬
ِ ْ
َ ‫ ا‬5 ُ ْT‫َو‬ َِ%ْ2ُ ‫َ ُة ا‬j ‫ل‬
ِ N  ‫ ا‬dُ ْ/َC
‫ت‬
ِ ُ4 ‫ ا‬Hُ ْ$َ& ٌ] َE ٌَXِj.A
ُ َUْY,‫ ا‬N›َp َ‫أ‬
‫ل‬
ِ ِْv‫ت ا‬
ُ .Iُُ ُ›َ ‫و‬,‫ق ا‬ ُ ْ
G َ‫ُ أ‬F
َ ‫ُ ا‬XU َ‫َِ أ‬Mْ% ‫' ا‬ ُ ِL. َ‫ر‬
.‫ب‬
] .G ‫' ا‬ َ َْgَC ‫ن‬ َ ِ ‫ُ
ا‬2 ‫َأآ َ ا‬
.ٍFَ
َA ٍَ
َT ŒA ‫ن‬ َ /ِRْ>ُ2 ‫ ا‬Hَ ََ‫ه‬
.َِC„ُ ‫Œ ا‬A َِMْ% ‫' ا‬ ُ ِL. َ‫&َا Œ ر‬
.. 6 َِ Iِ4ِF c ِ ْC‫َ َ ِم َأ‬g ‫` آُ َ
ِة ا‬ ُ 
َ- ‫ َز‬.-
.‫ًَا ِزَرا ِء‬E .ً >Lَ‫ن …ًَا ر‬ ُ .2َ ْ
َ4 ‫\ ا‬ ُ ِpَْ/َ
‫ِ؟‬Fْ
َ ‫ِ ا‬XU ‫ ا‬+- ُ4ْ%G ‫َُ ا‬1.Xِْv‫ََأتْ ا‬F ŒَC
.‫ل‬
ِ ِْv‫™ ا‬ ِ َE ŒA ‫ َر َة‬.ِ ‫ن ا‬ َ Cْ
َ ‫ل‬ ُ .XْR,‫ن ا‬ َ .‫آ‬
.ِFَ
َ% ‫Œ ا َْ َ ِة ا‬A ُ ]‫ي  َ¡آ‬ ]
َ„ْ>َ% ‫ب ا‬ ِ ِgْv‫ِ ُ ا‬L.T
127
 .َِ%ْ2ُ ‫َ ِة ا‬j َ ْ%َF ‫ َ
ِة‬4َ„ ‫ت ا‬
ِ ‫هُ
ا‬.u ‫ ا‬+- ‫س‬ ُ ./ ‫ك ا‬ َ ‫ َر‬.P
.‫ل‬
ِ ِْv‫ ا‬0 َ َْ& ًَ4ْ%َj ‫س‬ ِ ./ ‫ ُة ا‬.َ ‫ن‬
َ „َ& ْ‫ َأن‬dِ Tَ َُ2 ‫ِْ ا‬C
ٍ

Unit # 7 (7) ()‫

ة ر‬,-‫أ‬
Faadi and Omar are talking about their individual hobbies, then Faadi begins telling Omar
about something he has experienced on his flight home from Tangier with a stop in Frankfurt,
Germany.

.
ً َT ‫ن‬
ُ .4ْ%َ& +/‫ُ ُ
َأ‬%ْP‫ َأ‬:‫دي‬.-
‫َ؟‬0ْِ2َA ‫ذا‬.C :
َ2ُA
.+F.ْj‫ َأَ ِ َأ‬dَ َC c
ِ ْC‫ َأ‬cِ/ ‫ آُ َ
َة ا‬0
ُ ْ4ِ%َ :‫دي‬.-
‫َ؟‬Bِ&.4ِ.j ‫ أو إْى‬B َ ِF.ْj‫ َأَ ِ َأ‬dَ َC :
َ2ُA
.+F.ْj‫ َأَ ِ َأ‬dَ َC i ِ ‫ وا‬b :‫دي‬.-
128
 ‫‪!+]/َA B‬‬ ‫ك و&ََ
‪N‬آ‪َ ِ&.‬‬ ‫ت &ُ‪ +Xp‬أ ْ
ا َر َ‬ ‫‪ََF 0‬أ َ‬ ‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬أْ َ‬
‫‪.-‬دي‪َ :‬أَ أ ْ
ا ٍر و&ََ
‪N‬آ‪.‬تٍ؟‬
‫‪+َP b :
َ2ُA‬ءَ‪َ +َP b ،‬ء‪.- َْC .‬زَ؟‬
‫‪.-‬دي‪ :‬ه‪..ً %ْ4َR ،‬‬
‫س هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬ا ‪ِ$‬اََ‪ . ،‬أُ ‪.‬ذُ؟‬ ‫ت &ُ‪ِ .2‬ر ُ‬ ‫‪ََF ŒَC :
َ2ُA‬أ َ‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫س هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬ا ‪ِ$‬اََ ‪َ )ُ ْ/ُC‬ز‪ٍ َC‬‬ ‫ت أُ‪ِ .C‬ر ُ‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ََF :‬أ ُ‬
‫‪ 0‬اŠِ>ََ ‪0.E‬؟‬ ‫‪َ َF.T .2َ :
َ2ُA‬‬
‫'!‬‫ ‪ٍ َR‬‬ ‫‪َ i‬أ‪
ُ ُ%ْP‬آ َ‪َ )ُ ْ/ُC .$9‬ز‪ٍ َC‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ .ْHَ%َ :‬وا ِ‬
‫\ آُ َ
َة ا ‪.cِ/‬‬ ‫‪ُ َ%ْَ& 5‬‬ ‫‪ B‬آَ َ‬ ‫‪ +‬ا ‪َ َْ2َA +‬‬ ‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬ه َ‬
‫‪.-‬دي‪ :‬هَ)ا ‪.ٌhَj‬‬
‫ آُ َ
َة ا ‪ِ َ َg‬م‪.‬‬ ‫‪ B‬آ‪َ ْ0َ.‬أ‪ً ْj‬‬ ‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬هِاَُ َ‬
‫‪.-‬دي‪ +- ،b :‬ا َ‪ َِgg‬آ‪ ْ0َ.‬هِاَ‪ +‬ا >]‪ َُ.4‬وا ‪.Œg 2‬‬
‫\ آُ َ
َة ا ‪ِ َ َg‬م‪.‬‬‫‪ُ َ%ْَ& 0‬‬ ‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬و َ„ِْ آُ‪َ ْ/‬‬
‫` ا ‪َ َْ2‬ر َِ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ :‬أَ‪ِ 
َ- dC .ً .‬‬
‫ن‪.‬‬
‫‪ b‬اŠ َ‬ ‫‪$َ& B‬ى ا ‪ Œg 2‬إ ‬ ‫‪َ 0‬أ َ‬ ‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬أ‪ُ ْ%ِ2َ .C .‬‬
‫‪ 0‬أَهى ا ‪ Œg 2‬آَ‪ً
:‬ا‪.‬‬ ‫‪ َِَْ
َC +- 0‬ا ‪
ُ2‬اهَ‪ َِg‬آُ‪ُ ْ/‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ .2َ :‬آُ‪ُ ْ/‬‬
‫‪.0‬‬‫‪ B‬ا َ‪ِ T‬‬‫‪$َ& B‬ى ا ‪
ُ2‬ا َََ ‪َ +-‬ذ ِ َ‬ ‫‪ 0‬أ‪ ُ ِgَْA‬أ َ‬ ‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬آُ‪ُ ْ/‬‬
‫ن ‪ْ/ِA‬ي أ‪ُ .Tِْj‬ء ‪ِ ِF ِْC‬د ُأ‪
ْY‬ى‪.‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ ..ًC.2َ& :‬وآ‪َ .‬‬
‫ن ا ‪I‬ا‪ dَ ِF‬وا ‪َ َ Na‬ر‪.‬‬ ‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬آُ‪.4ََ& Hُْ/‬دَ  َ‬
‫ل ا ‪I‬ا‪ dَ ِF‬وا ‪َ َ Na‬ر‪.‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ :‬آُ‪َ .4ََ ./‬د ُ‬
‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬و‪.C‬ذا َ َثَ؟‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫ن &ََ ُ
‪ dC‬ا ‪ِ َCM‬‬ ‫ت ا‪ِ .>ْv‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ :‬هِا‪ُ .‬‬
‫‪
U .F c‬و َر ِة‪.‬‬ ‫‪َ َ :
َ2ُA‬‬
‫‪.-‬دي‪.C :‬ذا &َ‪ُِaْg‬؟‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬أ‪ + .‬هِاٌَ واِ َةٌ ‪
ََ& .C‬تْ ‪ dC‬ا ‪ِ َCM‬‬
‫‪.-‬دي‪ :‬و‪ .C‬ه‪ +‬هَ)ِ‪ Q‬ا ‪ِ$‬اَُ ا ‪
ََ& .C +‬تْ ‪ dC‬ا ‪َِCM‬؟‬
‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬أَ ‪
ِg‬ا َء ُة‪.‬‬
‫‪129‬‬
 ‫تِ؟‬ ‫‪َ q‬أمْ ا ‪ ََ2‬‬ ‫\ َأمْ ا ‪ِ َaَg‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪
ِT :‬ا َء ُة ا „ُُ ِ‬
‫' أَا‪..$ِA‬‬ ‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬آُ ‪N‬‬
‫‪!ٌ5gَ:ُC 0‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ +/ْ%َ :‬أْ َ‬
‫ل‪.‬‬
‫‪ِ َْT ŒA :
َ2ُA‬ر ا ‪ِ .‬‬
‫\ ‪ً
ْ%ِP‬ا‪.‬‬ ‫‪ُ ُْ„َ& 0‬‬ ‫‪ B‬آُ‪َ ْ/‬‬ ‫‪ً
 َC + 0‬ة َأ َ‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪َ ْُT :‬‬
‫‪.
ِ ْG/ِ c‬‬
‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬أَ‪ ،ً..‬و َ„ِْ َ َ‬
‫‪.-‬دي‪.2ِ :‬ذا ‪b‬؟‬
‫ص‪.‬‬ ‫‪
ْ%ِP :
َ2ُA‬ي ‪l .Y‬‬
‫‪ 0‬وا‪ +- .ً%ِT‬ا َ
ا ِم‪.‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪
ِ ِA.Gَ2ِ ٌَ2َEْ
َ& :‬ا ‪ِj.p‬؟ َ‪ .2‬آُ‪َ /‬‬
‫‪ َِَْ
َC +- 0‬ا ‪
ُ2‬اهَ‪.َِg‬‬ ‫‪ً
ْ%ِP 0‬ا آَ‪ً
:‬ا َ‪ .2‬آُ‪ُ ْ/‬‬ ‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬آََ‪ُ ْ4‬‬
‫\ ا ‪َ
ْ%]G‬؟‬ ‫ت &ُِ ‪N‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ََF ŒَC :‬أ َ‬
‫\ ا ‪
َ ْ%]G‬وأ‪ +- .‬ا ‪ َِَْ
َ2‬ا‪ِْFv‬ا‪.ِL‬‬ ‫ت ُأِ ‪N‬‬ ‫‪َ َF :
َ2ُA‬أْ ُ‬
‫‪.-‬دي‪ Hِ ]َ%ُC ِْC
ٍ 9ِF :‬ا ‪.َِN‬‬
‫‪ +- :
َ2ُA‬ا ا‪
ُ 9& ،ِdِT‬وا ِي و‪ Hِ ]َ%ُC‬ا ‪.َِN‬‬
‫ك هِاٌَ ‪ٌَ.‬؟‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ :‬و‪َ َ ْ/ِA .C‬‬
‫‪.T 0‬دِرًا ‪َ .2ُC ŒA‬ر َِ‪..$‬‬ ‫‪ + :
َ2ُA‬هِاٌَ ُأ‪
ْY‬ى‪ ،‬و َ„ِْ َ>ْ ُ‬
‫‪.T 0‬دِرًا ‪َ .2ُC ŒA‬ر َِ‪.$‬؟‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪.2ِ :‬ذا َ>ْ َ‬
‫ل ‪َ b‬أ‪.ُyُ„ُْC‬‬ ‫ج إ Œ ‪ٍ .C‬‬ ‫‪ُ .َْ& .$, :
َ2ُA‬‬
‫ ‪
aَF‬ةٌ وا َ ُ ‪
َ ْaَT‬ةٌ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ :‬أَ ‪ُ َ%‬‬
‫ ‪
aَF‬ةٌ وا َ ُ ‪
َ ْaَT‬ةٌ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ،ً.C.2َ& :
َ2ُA‬أَ ‪ُ َ%‬‬
‫ َأنْ &ُ‪ .C +َ
ِ4ْp‬ه‪ +‬هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬ا ‪ِ$‬اَُ ا ‪ٌ .‬؟‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ :‬هَ'ْ ُ‪ُ ِ„ْ2‬‬
‫ج‪.‬‬
‫\ َأنْ أُ ‪
َ ِ-.‬إ Œ ا ‪ِ .p‬ر ِ‬ ‫‪ُ :
َ2ُA‬أِ ‪N‬‬
‫ &ُ
 ُ َأنْ &ُ>‪َ
ِ-.‬؟‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ :‬أَ َ‬
‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬أُر ُ َأنْ أُ ‪
َ ِ-.‬إ Œ ‪ٍ ِF‬د ‪ٍ َ ْ%َF‬ة ‪.4ِE .$-‬لٌ و‪
َُF‬اتٌ‪......‬‬
‫‪.-‬دي‪َ :‬أرْ‪
ْUَY .$ُ1‬ا ُء و َ‪....... ٌَ-.j .$ُL.2‬‬
‫‪.F c‬رِدًا ‪......‬‬ ‫‪ . c‬رًا و َ َ‬ ‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬و‪ِ َْ%ُC .$ُ>ْgَR‬لٌ َ َ‬
‫ن و‪.........ٌ)ْ)َ Hُ$ُC.%َR‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ :‬وَأهْُ‪َ 4]َR .$‬‬
‫‪130‬‬
 ‫ن ََ‪َ Hُ َ%‬أْ‪َ ./‬ء َ‪.Qِ
َ َX‬‬
‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬أ >‪َ َْC
ُ َX‬ر ٌَ‪ .‬أَ‪ُ .>ْv‬‬
‫' ا ‪ ِ ََ4‬و&َ‪ِ  .g‬هِ‪.....H‬‬ ‫ت َأهْ ِ‬ ‫‪.A r‬دا ِ‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪َ ْ%َF Hُ َ%ََ .ً %ْ4َR :‬‬
‫‪ Hَ$َُِ r‬و&‪.‬رِ‪ Hِ$ِp‬وَ‪َ .U‬ر&ِ‪.Hِ$‬‬ ‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬وََ‪َ ْ%َF Hُ َ%‬‬
‫ن ‪ +-‬ا ‪.+1.2‬‬ ‫— َ‪َ .A .C ،ِ5‬د ا >‪ .2َْ:ِC .ً%ِْ2ُC
ُ َX‬آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪َ ِ :‬‬
‫‪.C :
َ2ُA‬ذا &َ‪ُِaْg‬؟‬
‫' آَ‪
َ :‬ةٌ و&َ‪gْ%‬اتٌ‪ ،‬وأَ‪.
ُ ِR.pَC .ً.‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ :‬هُ‪./‬كَ ‪.GَC‬آِ ُ‬
‫ك‪.‬‬‫‪َ b :
َ2ُA‬أ‪َ َ ْaَT Hُ َ$ْ-‬‬
‫ت‪.‬‬‫‪ُْ4َ& +‬أ ا ‪ُ .gَ.Uُ2‬‬ ‫‪l Fَ
َA B‬‬ ‫ن َأ َ‬
‫‪.-‬دي‪َ -ِ
ْ%َ .Cَْ/َA :‬‬
‫`‪........‬‬ ‫ت وا ْ‪َ g‬‬ ‫™ وا‪.>ْXِْ v‬را ِ‬ ‫‪ B‬وا ‪َ X‬‬ ‫‪ ُ ِaْgَ& :
َ2ُA‬أ ‪َ G‬‬
‫\ ا ‪َ .]M‬ر ِة ‪ ......‬إ َ–ْ‪.‬‬ ‫ف و َ‪ُ َ4‬‬ ‫' و‪ُ
ِ ْ%َ& َْC‬‬ ‫\ و‪ُ ِF.gُُ َْC‬‬ ‫ ََ)ْهَ ُ‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ :‬أَ َ‬
‫‪.B‬‬
‫ل! ‪
َaِF‬اٍَ‪ ،‬أ‪ b .‬أَ ‪َ ŒA Hُ$ُC‬ذ ِ َ‬ ‫‪] )N .F
ُ ُ%ْGَ& B‬‬ ‫‪َ ََ%َْ :
َ2ُA‬‬
‫‪.-‬دي‪.C :‬ذا &َ‪ b" ُ ِaْg‬أَ ‪"Hُ$ُC‬؟ أَ ‪َ .َ& ُ]Uَg‬و َزتْ ُودَه‪!.‬‬
‫‪+َP B‬ءٌ ‪ ِْC‬هَ)ا ا ‪ِ'4َg‬؟‬ ‫ث َ َ‬‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬هَ'ْ َ َ َ‬
‫‪ 0‬را‪ ْ0َXTَ َ& ََْ/َR ِْC ً.%ِE‬ا ‪ُ
َ ِL.I‬ة ‪ +-‬أَ ‪..... ..2‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ .Cَْ/ِA :‬آُ‪ُ ْ/‬‬
‫‪ +- :
َ2ُA‬أِ ‪ ْ0َXTَ َ& ٍَ/َC‬ا ‪
َ ِL.I‬ةُ؟‬
‫‪.+/َ%َ/َC +‬‬ ‫ ا ‪ Rْ
NG‬‬ ‫ل ‪ ِ„َ ،ًَA.‬‬ ‫ت َأنْ َأْ ِ‪َ M‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪
- +- :‬اْ„‪X‬رت‪َ .‬أ َردْ ُ‬
‫‪ْ›َgَ- 0‬؟‬‫‪َ :
َ2ُA‬أْ َ‬
‫‪.ٌ
aَT 5‬‬ ‫ن ا  َ‪َ NT‬‬ ‫ب ‪َ ُِِF‬أ ‬ ‫ ا ‪ِ
َ َ%‬‬ ‫' ا ‪َ 
ِ-.>ُ2‬‬ ‫‪ dَ َ/َC +‬آُ ‬‫‪.-‬دي‪ .b :‬ا ‪N Rْ
NG‬‬
‫ب َأنْ َ‪ ِMْ/‬ا؟‬ ‫‪
ِ َِ h‬ا ‪ِ
َ َ%‬‬ ‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬و ُ‪َ ِ2‬‬
‫ ‪ +-‬ا ‪ِ
َ ِL.I‬ة‪.‬‬ ‫ َأَ‪4‬ا َأنْ َ‪ ِMْ/‬ا َ‪ َM‬ا‪ ،‬و‪ُ َْ ./gَF‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪َ :‬أ ) َ‬
‫ت‪.‬‬‫\ هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬ا‪
ْEv‬اءا ِ‬ ‫ث ه َ‪ُ َ4‬‬ ‫ف ‪ ِْC‬ا َا ِد ِ‬ ‫ن ا َ َ) َر وا ‪َ َp‬‬ ‫ َأ ‬
‫‪ُ ِ„ْ2ُ :
َ2ُA‬‬
‫ب‪.‬‬
‫‪ B‬ا ‪ .َ
ُaْ/ُ%‬أَ ‪ َُIْgN/‬ه‪ َُgَ.UُC +‬ا ‪ِ
َ َ%‬‬ ‫‪.-‬دي‪ .C :‬ا‪ ،./XََْY‬و َ„ِْ َأ‪َ ِ )َ ْ5ِ1‬‬
‫‪5
َP Hِ . ./ِgَj َaِT 0‬؟‬ ‫‪ !B‬و َ„ِْ هَ'ْ َ‪َ ْ%ِ2‬‬ ‫` ‪َ َ%َC‬‬ ‫‪ :
َ2ُA‬أَ َ ‪N‬‬
‫‪.-‬دي‪ .C .b :‬ه‪ُyُaِT +‬؟‬
‫' ‪ +-‬ا
]‪.F‬طِ‪.‬‬ ‫‪َ .Mِ
َ َ-. Hِ . :
َ2ُA‬ر ِة أَ‪ yY‬ا )ي َ‪ُ َ2ْ%‬‬
‫ث َ‪ُy‬؟‬
‫‪.-‬دي‪ :‬و‪.C‬ذا َ َ َ‬
‫ب ‪!y-‬‬ ‫‪ .T :
َ2ُA‬ا َ‪ +- ُy‬ا ‪ِ .Iَ2‬ر إ‪ٍ …
َC
ُ َ… ٌqْpَP ُy‬‬
‫‪131‬‬
 ‫َ\ُ؟‬4> ‫ ه ا‬.C .‫ِ ِد‬4 ‫ل ا‬ ُ Yُ‫ِ د‬yَA ٌ‫ع‬/ْ2َC +/ْ%َ :‫دي‬.-
.ََCَ„ُ ‫ ا‬.$- َ َgَْ‫ َ ًة ا‬aَT
َ َGَ ُy‫ َأ‬،Hِ$َِ‫\ رِوا‬ َ ْ>َ \ ُ َ4> َ‫ أ‬:
َ2ُA
!Hِ . . ٌ„ْ>ِC :‫دي‬.-
.‫ َ ِة‬aَg .F ٌَTَA ُyَ c َ َْ Hِ . ‫ن‬  ‫ َأ‬B ُ ِْUُ2 ‫ ُء ا‬+G ‫ أ‬:
َ2ُA
.ََ .]> ‫ ا‬Qُ
َ ْ„َ‫ْ َ
و‬%]G ‫\ ا‬ُ ُْ„َ b Hِ . ‫ن‬  ‫ف َأ‬ُ
ِ ْA‫ َأ‬:‫دي‬.-
.ُyََCَ„ُ .$- ُ ِgَْ/َ ،َِ2َ ‫ِْ ا‬C Hِ v‫ ا‬c ِ ْXَ/ِF
ٍ ِA.Gِ ‫ َ ُة‬aَg َ‫ أ‬:
َ2ُA
.+l /َ2َ ‫ َ ِة‬aَg ‫\ ا‬
ُ ِ.j‫ و‬،l‫ ري‬Hِ . ./ُgَj :‫دي‬.-
. ِ َ/v‫ ا‬
َ َF ‫ق‬
ُ
] َXُ& b ُFِ
َْ2 ‫َُ ا‬R
NG ‫ وا‬:
َ2ُA
.ِ‫ط‬.F]
‫ ا‬+- Qُ .Yَ‫و َر أ‬Mَ Œَ ُyَ2 ‫ أَنْ َُ] َ
إ‬Hِ . ‫ج‬ ُ .َْ ْ‫ إ َذن‬:‫دي‬.-
!َ.2 ,‫ََ ا‬R
NG ‫ &َ َم ا‬0 َ ْ‫ وَأ‬:
َ2ُA
!َ %َ2ْE‫ َأ‬Hِ$ََA i ِ ‫َُ ا‬/ْ%َ :‫دي‬.-

Questions about the text /0‫ل ا‬-, 4ِ5#‫أ‬

a. Answer the following questions: :َِ . ‫ِَِ ا‬sْ ,‫َْ ا‬A +4Eَ‫ أ‬/ ْ\ِE‫َأ‬
‫؟‬cِ/ ‫دي آُ َ
َة ا‬.- Hَ َA ‫َْ ا )ي‬C .1
‫ْَُ؟‬j,‫دي ا‬.- ‫ت‬ ُ .‫ ها‬+‫ ه‬.C .2
‫ِ؟‬yِL.Tِْj‫ أ‬dC ‫ل‬ ُ ‫ َد‬.4ََ ‫دي‬.- ‫ن‬َ .‫ذا آ‬.C .3
‫َِ؟‬gَ‫ُ
اه‬2 ‫َ
َْَِ ا‬C +- \ ُ ُْ„َ
َ2ُA ‫ن‬ َ .‫ذا آ‬.C .4
‫َِ؟‬CM ‫ ا‬dC ْ‫ &ََ َ
ت‬.C + ‫َ
ا‬2ُA َُ‫ هِا‬+‫ ه‬.C .5
‫َ
ِ؟‬X> ‫س هِاََ ا‬َ ‫ ِر‬.2ُ ْ‫َ
أن‬2ُA dُ Iَْ>َ b ‫ذا‬.2ِ .6
‫رت؟‬X„ْ‫
ا‬- ‫ ِر‬.IَC +- ‫ِ َ
ِة‬L.I ‫ ا‬+- ‫دي‬.X ‫ث‬ َ َ َ ‫ذا‬.C .7
.‫ل‬
ِ ‫و‬MN/ ‫ِْ ا‬C  َ 
ِ-.>ُ2 ‫' ا‬  ُ‫ آ‬+ N Rْ
NG ‫ ا‬dَ َ/َC ْ'َ‫ ه‬.8
‫؟‬5
َP Hِ .>ِ ُFِ
َْ2 ‫َُ ا‬Rْ
NG ‫ْ ا‬0َ .T ‫ذا‬.C .9
‫َْ ِ
بِ؟‬2 ‫ َر ِة ا‬.‫ِْ ز‬C 5
P H . dِ ْ/َ2ِ ‫َ
ا ِر‬g ‫\ ا‬ ُ َ4َ ‫ ه‬.C .10

b. Hِ > ‫ ا‬.$ِْ„َGِF 9Iَp ‫' أ‬ِ َ2ُ ‫َِ ا‬F.ِ‫ي آ‬Aَ‫ أ‬/ ِْA‫ٌ؟ َأ‬9IَY ْ‫َابٌ َأم‬j
.ََ .]> ‫ْ َ
وا‬%]G ‫\ ا‬
N ُِ b +.2َ ‫ ا‬5
َP Hِ . .1
132
 .‫ب‬
ِ
َ َ%ِ ِFِ
َْ2 ‫ت ا‬ ِ .IُN> ‫ت ا‬ ِ .gَ.UُC ِْC ٌŸِAMَ ْ/ُC ‫دي‬.- .2
.Hُ$َ%َ/َC +.2ْ ,‫ِ َ
ا‬A.G ‫ن ا‬ , َ ‫ب‬ُ
َ َ% ‫ن ا‬َ ‫ِ
و‬-.>ُ2 ‫ل ا‬ َ Mَ َ .C .3
.‫ت‬
ِ ‫ا‬gْ% ‫ ا‬Hِ ْ…
َ ِF ٌdِْ2ُC
َ َX> ‫ن ا‬  ‫دي َأ‬.- ُِgَْ%َ .4
..$َ&‫ َر‬.Uَ‫ و‬.‫ورُه‬Mَ + ‫ن ا‬ ِ ‫ُْا‬4 ‫ت ا‬ ِ ‫دا‬.A r َ ْ%َF ‫ن‬ ُ .>ْv‫ ا‬Hُ َ%ََ .5
.‫ت‬ُ .gَ.Uُ2 ‫ُْأ ا‬4َ& + l Fَ
َA B َ ‫ت َأ‬
ُ .IُN> ‫ف ا‬ ُ
ِ ْ%َ& .Cَْ/ِA .6
.َِN ‫ ا‬Hِ ]َ%ُC ِْC
ٍ ْ9ِF +  Fَ
َ% ‫ْ َ
ا‬%]G ‫دي ا‬.- \  َ‫ َأ‬.7
.Qِ
ِ ِA.Gِ2ِ ًَ2َEْ
َ& ‫ب‬ ِ .4G ‫َ
َْَِ ا‬C +- ‫دي‬.-
ُ ْ%ِP ‫ن‬ َ .‫ آ‬.8
.‫
ًا‬Yَ‫ أ‬b  ‫Œ إ‬g 2 ‫ى ا‬$َ ‫دي‬.- ‫ن‬  ‫َ
َأ‬2ُA dَ ِ2َ .C .9
.‫َ َ ِم‬g ‫\ آُ َ
َة ا‬
َ ِ%َ ُy,
َ .ً4َ%ُْC ‫دي‬.- ‫ن‬ َ .‫ آ‬.10

Functional Expression 4678‫رات ا‬:6‫أ‬

.‫ َء‬+َP b ،َ‫ء‬+َP b No thing, no thing.
َِgَ‫ُ
اه‬2 ‫َ
َْَُ ا‬C teenage stage
.
ُ ََ& ‫ن‬
ِ .>ْv‫ت ا‬ ُ .‫هِا‬ Man’s hobbies change.
‫ َ ِر‬Na ‫ وا‬dِ ِF‫ا‬I ‫ ا‬dُ ْ2َE stamps & pictures collecting
‫
و َر ِة‬U .F c َ َ not necessarily so
‫؟‬b ‫ذا‬.2ِ Why not?
.‫ ا َ
ا ِم‬+- .ً%ِT‫ وا‬0 َ /ُ‫ آ‬.2َ When you were (falling) in love
.ٌ‫ْ َ
ة‬aَT ُ َ ‫ َ
ةٌ وا‬aَF  ُ َ% َ‫أ‬ One cannot get all what one wants.
.ٌَ ‫َْ َر‬C
ُ َX> ‫أ‬ Travel is like (going) to school.
..ً%ِْ2ُC
ُ َX> ‫ َد ا‬.A .C Travel is no long a joy (to do)

ُ ِR.pَC‫اتٌ و‬gْ%َ&‫' و‬ ُ ِ‫آ‬.GَC problems, complications & dangers
.‫ك‬َ َ ْaَT Hُ َ$ْ-‫ َأ‬b I don’t understand your intention.
.‫ت‬ُ .gَ.Uُ2 ‫ُْأ ا‬4َ& + l Fَ
َA Bَ ‫ن َأ‬َ -ِ
ْ%َ .Cَْ/َA Harassments begin when
they realize that you are an Arab.
`
ُ gْ ‫ت وا‬
ُ ‫را‬.>ْXِْ v‫™ وا‬
ُ X ‫ وا‬B
ُ G ‫ أ‬suspicion, search, questioning &
investigation
!‫ل‬
] )N .F
ُ ُ%ْGَ& B
َ ََ%َْ They make feel humiliated!

133
.B
َ ِ ‫Œ َذ‬A Hُ$ُC َ‫ أ‬b ،ٍَ‫َ
ا‬aِF Frankly, I do not blame them for that.
!.‫ َو َزتْ ُودَه‬.َ& ُ]Uَg َ‫ أ‬The matter has gone past its limits.
'
ِ 4َg ‫ِْ هَ)ا ا‬C something like that
.َ
ُaْ/ُ% ‫ ا‬B َ ِ )َ ْ5ِ1‫َأ‬ Add to that racism.
.‫ب‬
ِ
َ َ% ‫َُ ا‬gَ.UُC +‫َُ ه‬IْgN/ َ‫أ‬ The point is harassing Arabs.
!y- ‫ب‬ ٍ …
َC
ُ َ… ٌqْpَP a persona non grata!
Hِ$َِ‫\ روا‬َ ْ>َ \ ُ َ4> َ‫أ‬ the reason according to their account
‫ن‬
 ‫ َأ‬Bُ ِْUُ2 ‫ ُء ا‬+G ‫أ‬ The funny thing is that ……..
!َ %َ2ْE‫ َأ‬Hِ$ََA i ِ ‫َُ ا‬/ْ%َ May Allah’s curse falls upon them!

Vocabulary List ‫ ا=<دات‬4=7)

‫ق‬ ُ
 َXُ& she/you (m) discriminate
‫&َ ُم‬ she/you (m) blame
‫ل‬ ُ ‫ َد‬.4ََ& she/you (m) exchange
Qُ
َ ْ„َ& she/you (m) hate
‫ى‬$َ& she/you (m) like, love
\ N ُِ& she/you (m) like, love
+Xْpُ& she/you (m) hide
‫ل‬ ُ Mِ ْ‫َأ‬ I go down, descend
ُ ِgَْA‫َأ‬ I believe, think

ُ ُ%ْP‫َأ‬ I feel
c N ُ‫َأ‬ I sense, feel
5َ Tَ َ& to stop
Hَ َA to teach
'َ َF.T to meet, encounter

َ َGَ to publish
َ َ%َ to curse
َ َgَْ‫إ‬ to criticize
'َ َ%َE to start (followed by another verb)

134
‫ت‬ ُ ‫ََأ‬F I began
0 ُ ْ4ِ%َ I played
ٌ‫ب‬.ِ‫ آ‬- ٌ\ُُ‫آ‬ book/s
ٌ‫ِ
ا َءة‬T reading
ٌ‫ َرة‬j - ٌ‫ َر‬j picture/s
ََ ‫ُ
ا‬C correspondence, writing to pen pals
Œg C music
ٌَ.4ِ swimming
ٌ
َXَ travel
ٌَ‫هِا‬ hobby
ٌaِT - ٌqَaَT story/ies
ٌََC magazine
‫ن‬ ُ .4ْ%َ& tired, exhausted
ٌ
9& influence, effect
ْ–َ ‫إ‬ etc.
ٌ‫…َ
ام‬ infatuation, love

ُ ِA.GَC feelings
ٌ‫َف‬Y fear

l ِ - ٌ‫أ ْ
ار‬ secret/s
ٌَ ‫ َر‬.2ُC practice
ٌَ2َEْ
َ& translation, expression
ٌ
ْ%ِP poetry
ٌHِ‫ه‬.- understanding
ٌBِْUُC funny
‫ف‬ٍ .j clear
ٌ‫َْ ِل‬%ُC moderate
ٌ\]َR fine
ٌ
aَT short
ٌ`gَْ& investigation
ٌَgَ.UُC harassment, bothering
ٌ‫ات‬gْ%َ& complications

135
 ٌ™ْXَ& search
ٌ‫ْ
اء‬E‫إ‬ procedure
‫ل‬l ‫ُذ‬ humiliation
ٌ‫ر‬.>ْXِ ‫إ‬ questioning
ٌ‫ َرة‬.Uَ civilization
ٌ–‫ر‬.& history
ٌْgَ& - ُ  .gَ& tradition/s
ٌ‫ َدة‬.A custom, habit
ٌ‫ء‬.2َ sky
ٌ‫َُ َ
ة‬F lake
ٌ‫
ك‬N ََ& move
ٌ
َIَY -
ُ ِR.pَC danger/s
ٌَIْgُ point
ٌ'ْ‫َأه‬ people of, family
b ‫إ‬ except for
 ً ْj‫َأ‬ originally
‫ ْ َ
ِة‬, ُ ‫ ا‬/ َِِL.% ‫ْ
ا ُد ا‬-‫ َأ‬family members
l َE - ٌ‫ْاد‬E‫َ َأ‬ grandfather/s
ٌ‫َ ة‬E grandmother
ٌَ/ْF‫ إ‬، ٌ0ْ/ِF daughter
ٌ‫ وا ِ َة‬، ‫م‬l ‫ُأ‬ mother
ٌِ ‫ وا‬، ٌ‫َأب‬ father
ٌ‫ل‬.Y - ٌ‫ال‬Yَ‫أ‬maternal uncle/s
Hl َA - ٌ‫م‬.2ْA‫َأ‬ paternal uncle/
‫ن‬ ُ ‫َ ا‬,‫َأ‬ the colors

ُ َUْY‫ َأ‬/ ‫ْ
ا ُء‬UَY green (m) / (f)
‫ َأ ْ َ ُد‬/ ‫ َدا ُء‬ black
‫ق‬ ُ ‫ َأزْ َر‬/ ‫ ُء‬.Tْ‫َزر‬ blue
r ُ َْF‫ َأ‬، ‫ ُء‬.UَF white
‫ْ
ا ُء‬2َ / ‫ْ
ا ُء‬2َ red
+l .gُ&ْ
ُF / ٌ .gُ&ْ
ُF orange

136
 +
l َ>َA / ٌَ>َA honey
+
l /ُF / ٌ]/ُF brown

ُ َXْj‫ َأ‬/ ‫ْ
ا ُء‬Xَj yellow

Grammar
‫ا‬->َ‫أ‬
Assimilated Verbs in Arabic is a group of verbs which usually have a weak semi-vowel
in initial position. This semi-vowel is commonly ‫و‬ as in:

to fall, to occur dَ َT‫ َو‬, to find َ َE‫ َو‬, '

َ َj‫ َو‬to arrive

In the present tense of this category of verbs, the semi-vowel is fully assimilated, and
thus the verbs mentioned above would take the following forms.

‫ن‬
َ %َgَ – ‫ا‬%َT‫َو‬ 
َ َِ& – ‫ت‬
ِ َْE‫' َو‬
ُ ِaَ – '
َ َj‫َو‬

Verb Conjugation ‫ل‬6 @‫ ا‬ABCD

The following is the conjugation of the Arabic Assimilated Verb

'
َ َj‫ َو‬- ‫ول‬,‫' ا‬
ُ َ%ُ2 ‫' ا‬
ُ %X ‫أ‬ to both singular and plural pronouns, for both past and
present tenses.

‫أ‬ E
ِ ‫أ‬ E
َ ‫أ‬ ‫ه‬ -‫ ا=ُ<د ه‬7=َR
0
ُ ْَj‫َو‬ 0
ِ ْَj‫َو‬ 0
َ ْَj‫َو‬ ْ0ََj‫' َو‬ َ َj‫ َو‬R=‫ ا‬4ُ َST
'
ُ ِj‫َأ‬ 
َ ِaَ& '
ُ ِaَ& '
ُ ِaَ& ُ ِaَ ‫رع‬Vُ=‫ ا‬4ُ َST
'

2
ُ M 2
 ُ‫أ‬ (ُ‫أ‬ 2
 ُ‫ه‬ (‫ ه‬I=‫ ا‬7=َR
./ْَj‫َو‬ 
 ُْَj‫َو‬ Hُْَj‫َو‬ 
َ ْَj‫َو‬ ‫َا‬j‫ َو‬R=‫ ا‬4ُ َST
'
ُ ِaَ 
َ ِaَ& ‫ن‬
َ ِaَ& 
َ ْِaَ َ ِaَ ‫رع‬Vُ=‫ ا‬4ُ َST
‫ن‬

Drill #1 ‫ ا@ول‬2B=‫أ‬

137
Use the words and phrases in the Vocabulary List in good sentences:

Drill # 2 G‫ ا‬2B=‫أ‬

Please choose the correct options:

.َِC„ُ ‫ ا‬.......... \
ِ َ4َ>ِF َ ََ4 ‫ ا‬.$َُِL.A ْ0َ‫&َ َ
آ‬ .1
:‫\ ه‬ ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
‫ت‬
ِ ‫ْ
اءا‬E‫ إ‬.‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
ِ .gَ.UُC .‫ت ب‬ ِ .‫ هِا‬.‫أ‬

.‫ت‬
ِ ‫ا‬gْ% ‫\ ا‬
ِ َ4َ>ِF ‫ج‬
َ ‫وا‬M ‫ ُ
 ُ ا‬b +gَj .2
The sentence implies that this man is unmarried because:
a. he hates responsibilities, in general
b. has not met the right person
c. none of the above

. .......... َِَْ

َC +-
َ ْ%]G ‫ هَ)ا ا‬+َgَj ْ0َ4ََ‫آ‬ .3
:‫\ ه‬ ُ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
َِgَ‫ُ
اه‬2 ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ َِ.4]> ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ َِَ ‫ُ
ا‬2 ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

.‫ت‬
ِ ‫را‬.Uَ ‫– ا‬ ِ ‫ر‬.& ‫ِ
اء َة‬T ‫ى‬$َ& +&َ‫ر‬.E 0 ُ ْ/ِF .4
:‫ْَِ ه‬2ُ ‫' ا‬ ِ ْ%ِXِ ‫ف‬
ُ ‫ُ
ا ِد‬2 ‫' ا‬ُ %ِX ‫أ‬
\
N ُِ& .‫ت‬ ُ ِgَْ/َ& .‫ب‬ ‫ق‬
ُ
] َXُ& .‫أ‬

.(‫ل‬
ِ . ‫َْ ِر ا‬T ŒA) ٌ5gَ:ُC '
ِ َ2َ% ‫ ا‬+- +Cَ‫ز‬ .5
The phrase in parentheses means:
a. at least b. certainly c. within limits

. .......... ‫ن‬
َ .‫ْ ُ) آ‬/ُC Œg 2 ‫ ا‬+‫ ه‬......... ‫ن‬
‫إ‬ .6
138
 :‫\ ه‬ ُ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
ٌ'ْXِR – ُyَُ‫ هِا‬.‫ت‬ 
ً ْXِR – ُyََ‫ هِا‬.‫ب‬ 
ً ْXِR – ُyَُ‫ هِا‬.‫أ‬

.)ِ Xْ/ ‫ ا‬5

ِ ْT‫ َو‬dC ًَ/َ 
َ ْ]> ‫َِ ا‬2َ„َْ2 ‫َ
ارُ ا‬T ‫ن‬
َ .‫آ‬ .7
The sentence implies that the person got
a. a year in absentia
b. a year on probation
c. a year of hard labor

.ِ] َ ‫َِ ا‬Xِj.% ‫\ ا‬ ِ َ4َ>ِF ِy]C‫ ُأ‬dC ‫ َم‬. ' ُ X]I ‫ا‬ .8
:‫ْَِ ه‬2ُ ‫' ا‬ ِ ْ%ِXِ ‫ع‬
ِ ‫ ِر‬.Uُ2 ‫َُ ا‬j
‫ ُم‬./َ .‫ت‬ ‫ ُم‬/َ .‫ب‬ Hُ /َ .‫أ‬

.
ٍ ْ$َP '
َ ْ4َT c
َ ‫ر‬.F .ْ‫( ُزر‬.2َ ) ‫ت‬
ِ .gَ.Uُ2 ‫ِْ ا‬C
ٍ :َ„ِF .
ْ%َP .9
You need to change the adverb that is between parentheses.
:‫\ ه‬ ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
.2َ/َF .‫ت‬ ‫ن‬
َ Š‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ .Cَْ/ِA .‫أ‬

..ً 2ِL‫ دا‬........... َِ/َ2 ‫ ا‬Qِ )ِ َ‫ ه‬+- c

ُ ْgI ‫أ‬ .10
:‫\ ه‬ ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
ٌ‫َْ ِل‬%ُC .‫ت‬ ٌ‫َُ َ
]دد‬C .‫ب‬ ٌdِْ2ُC .‫أ‬

.‫س‬
َ ./ ‫ ا‬........... ‫ن ا َ]ـ ُ ه ا )ي ََْ ِ
ُم‬
ُ .>ْv‫أ‬ .11
:‫\ ه‬ ُ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
™
َ ْXَ& .‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
ِ ‫ْ
اءا‬E‫ إ‬.‫ب‬
َ ِA.GَC .‫أ‬

.‫ب‬
ِ ِgْv‫ْ َ ا‬%َF َ َ ‫ ا‬c
َ L
‫ ا‬........... ‫ن‬NXَa ‫أ‬ .12
:‫\ ه‬ ُ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
‫ا‬2َ%َ& .‫ت‬ ‫ا‬C. .‫ب‬ ‫َا‬F.T .‫أ‬

.ٌ‫ْ َ
ة‬aَT ُ َ ‫ َ
ةٌ وا‬aَF 
ُ َ% َ‫أ‬ .13
An Arab would use this expression if she/he is:
a. able to get what she/he wants

139
 b. unable to get what she/he wants
c. indifferent to things around her/him

One of the following statements is false vis-à-vis Assimilated .14

Verbs in Arabic. Which?
a. They begin with a semi-long vowel.
b. The semi-long vowel is in medial position.
c. The semi-long vowel changes in present tense.

!B
ِ ُC َ‫ أ‬b .15
You would say this expression to someone in case you wanted to tell her:
a. I don't blame you
b. I feel bad for you
c. I hold you responsible

. ........ ‫ب‬
ِ
َ َ% ‫ ا‬......... َْA
َ :َ„ ‫ف ا‬ ُ
ِ ْ%َ َِ%ِC. ‫ ا‬c
ُ L‫ر‬ .16
:‫\ ه‬ ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
Hِ‫  ِه‬.gَ&‫ت – و‬ ِ ‫دا‬.A .‫أ‬
Hِ‫ْ ِ
ه‬%ِP‫ب – و‬ ِ ‫ َأ َد‬.‫ب‬
Hِ$ِ&‫ا‬g‫ْـ‬%َ&‫ِ ِ
– و‬R.pَC .‫ت‬

.ِyِ&.‫آ‬N
ََ&‫ و‬Qُ ‫ َأ ْ
ا َر‬+Xْpَ ' ُ ُE
 ‫ََأ ا‬F .17
:‫ك‬َ ./ُ‫إ َذنْ ه‬
ٌَIْُ .‫ت‬ ٌَXِj.A .‫ب‬ ٌَِ„ْGُC .‫أ‬

.‫ع‬
ٍ 4ْ ‫ْ َ ُأ‬%َF ‫ن‬
َ .2َA ِْC ‫ِ َ
ِة‬L.I .F .$ُgَj '
ُ ِaَ .18
One of the following words cannot describe the verb of the sentence. Which one?
a. hollow
b. present
c. assimilated

.‫ ِء‬.>]/ ‫ق ا‬
ِ gُ َْA ٌdُE‫َِ &َ
ا‬2َ„َْ2 ‫َ
ا َر ا‬T ‫ن‬
 ‫ ا „َِ إ‬+- +َCَ‫ْ ز‬0َ .T .19
If you want to change the tense of the verb from past to present, the medial vowel of
that verb will be:
‫ ي‬.‫ت‬ ‫ و‬.‫ب‬ ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

140
 .ٌ‫ َ
ة‬:َ‫َ ِ
آ‬X> ‫ِ َ
ا‬R.pَC ‫ن‬
 ‫ِ ُ َأ‬gَْ%َ '
ُ ُE
 ‫ َد ا‬.A .C .20
This sentence implies that this man:
a. is talking about travelling again
b. thinks that travelling is unwise now
c. has a paranoia concerning travelling

.‫ت‬
ِ   ََ2 ‫\ وا‬ِ ُُ„ ‫ِ
ا َء َة ا‬T Qُ
َ ْ„َ .$َ/ْF‫ن ا‬
 ‫َ
َأ ُة إ‬2 ‫ْ ا‬0َ .T .21
.‫ت‬
ِ 
 ََ2 ‫\ وا‬ ِ ُُ„ ‫ِ
ا َء َة ا‬T ....... b َ َ َ ‫ن ا‬  ‫ َأ‬B
َ ِ ‫Œ َذ‬/ْ%َC
5
ُ Tَ ََ .‫ت‬ ‫ل‬
ُ ‫ َد‬.4ََ .‫ب‬ \
N ُِ .‫أ‬

.‫ل‬ٍ gْ%َC
ُ َ… ٌ‫ء‬+َP ‫ وهَ)ا‬،‫ََي‬F +- .َ‫ وأ‬..... ‫ـ‬F ‫ت‬ُ ْ
َ%َP .22
:‫\ ه‬ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
ِ ْC,‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ ‫ َد ِة‬.%> ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ ‫ل‬
] )N ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

.‫ِ ِد‬2 ‫ ِ ا‬A َِْXَ +- .$ََF.T .Cَْ/ِA .$ِC‫ …َ

ا‬+- dَ َT‫َو‬ .23
:ُy‫ َأ‬B
َ ِ ‫Œ َذ‬/ْ%َC
.$4َ‫ َأ‬.‫ت‬ .‫ََه‬gَْ‫ إ‬.‫ب‬ .$َ‫ آَ ِ
ه‬.‫أ‬

.ِy- ‫ب‬
ٍ …ْ
َC
ُ َ… ٌqْpَP B
َِ ‫َُ إ‬C„ُ ‫ل ا‬
َ gَ& ْ‫ َأن‬.ً„ِْUُC ‫
ًا‬Cَ‫ن أ‬
َ .‫ آ‬.24
The sentence says that I found the regime's decision:
a. funny
b. unfair
c. strange

. ......... \
ِ َ4َ>ِF ِ ََ4 ‫ ا‬+- ‫ت‬
ِ ‫را‬.Iَ2 ‫ ا‬dَ 2َE ‫ت‬
ُ .IُN> ‫ْ ا‬0َgَْ…‫َأ‬ .25
:‫\ ه‬ ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
ِ: ‫َِ ا‬Xِj.% ‫ ا‬.‫` ت‬ ِ 
َX ‫َ ِز ا‬- .‫ي ب‬]
َ„ْ>َ% ‫ب ا‬ِ ِgْv‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

Drill # 3 HG‫ ا‬2B=‫أ‬

a. :ََ . ‫' ا‬
َ َ2ُ ‫ ا‬+‫ َ
]آ‬/ ْ‫َ ]
ك‬
.َgَ‫ُ
اه‬2 ‫َ
َْَ ا‬C +- +‫ل وه‬.XْR—ِ qَaُT \ُِ„َ& ‫َ َأَت‬F .1
.cِ& +- y- ‫َ
…ب‬C
َ… qْpَP .$‫ْ
ِف َأ‬A‫ َأ‬0ْ/ُ‫ آ‬.C .2
.‫ت‬.4ِE‫ق وا ا‬gُ ‫َ ا‬F ‫َ
]ق‬Xُ b ‫ن ا )ي‬.>ْv‫ ا‬+/ُِAْMُ .3
141
 .‫ِب ا َة‬gْ,‫َ ا‬C„ُ ‫
اءات‬E‫ِ إ‬gَْ/َ ‫ أَن‬./]gَ ِC .4

b. ‫ع‬
ِ ‫ ِر‬.Uُ2 ‫َِِ ا‬j Œ ‫ ََ إ‬. ‫' ا‬ َ َ2ُ ‫ ا‬+ ]َ / ْ‫ َ ]ل‬.1
.ِy&‫دَا‬.%َ‫ح آ‬ ِ .4a ‫ ا‬+- 5 ِ ََْ2 ‫َِ ا‬4َِ„َC Œ ‫' إ‬َ َj‫َو‬
.ََ-.a ‫ َء ا‬.2> ‫ل وا‬ َ ِ َْ%ُ2 ‫ ا‬c
َ ْgI ‫\ ا‬ N ُِ ُy‫ل إ‬
َ .T .2
.ُyَُ‫ هِا‬Qِ )ِ َ$َ- ،ٍ‫ت‬.A.>ِ ‫َْن‬/َ ‫ع‬ ِ ‫َا ِر‬P +- َ‫ر‬. .3
."ٌ‫ َ
ة‬aَT ُ َ ‫ َ
ةٌ وا‬aَF  ُ َ% َ‫ "أ‬.$ََA .ً Fْ„َC ًَِ-b َ َE‫ َو‬.4

c. :ٍَ2َ '
ٍ َ2ُE ِ ْ„َِ ‫ت‬
ِ .2ِَ„ ‫\ ا‬َ &ْ
َ& ‫ْي‬A‫ َأ‬/ ِْA‫َأ‬
.ٌ5Iَ ُ ِgَْA‫ت َأ‬ ِ ‫را‬.Iَ2 ‫ََ ا‬gَ.UُC +- ‫ن‬  ‫ءٌ َأ‬+َP b ‫س‬ ِ ./ ‫ ا‬.1
../ِgَj ‫ل‬ ِ Yُ‫ت د‬ُ .IُN> ‫ ا‬./ْ%ِ2َ ُyَْ%َ/َC ‫ِْ ا )ي‬C َِَ4 ‫َ ا‬aِT .2
.َِَْ
َ2 ‫بٌ ا‬ ُR ‫ن‬َ  َ‫د‬.4ََ ِL‫ِْا‬Fv‫ ا‬+- Hُ‫ا وه‬.‫ آ‬dَ ِF‫ا‬I ‫ ا‬.3

Drill # 4 I"‫ اا‬2B=‫أ‬

Please choose the correct options and explain WHY:
‫ِ؟‬y- ‫ب‬
ٍ …ْ
َC
ُ َ… ٌqْpَP ُy‫ َأ‬
َ ِaْgَ& ْ'َ‫ه‬ .1
Which of the following reflects the reality of this sentence?
a. he is liked
b. he is not liked
c. he is well-liked

.‫ِ
ات‬L.I .F
َ َX> ‫ ا‬Qُ
َ ْ„َ .$َE‫ن زَو‬  ‫ إ‬+&َ‫ر‬.E ْ0َ .T .2
:‫ْَِ ه‬2ُ ‫' ا‬
ِ ْ%ِXِ c
ُ ِ‫آ‬.%ُ2 ‫' ا‬
ُ ْ%ِX َ‫أ‬
5
ُ Tَ ََ .‫ت‬ ‫ل‬
ُ ‫ َد‬.4ََ .‫ب‬ \
N ُِ .‫أ‬

.ٌََT
ِ َX> ‫ِ َ
ا‬R.pَC ‫ن‬
 ‫ِ ُ َأ‬gَْ%َ '
ُ ُE
 ‫ َد ا‬.A .C .3
The sentence implies that this man:
a. is talking about travelling again
b. believes that travelling is wise these days
c. has developed a paranoia concerning travelling

. .......... ِْC .ً 4
َT .ًَF ‫َْ
ي‬Gَ/َ .4
:‫\ ه‬ ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYvَ‫أ‬
142
 ‫'‬
‫ت‪ .‬ا َ‪ِ َ4‬‬ ‫ب‪ .‬ا >‪ِ .2‬ء‬ ‫أ‪ .‬ا ‪ِ
َ َُ4‬ة‬

‫ن‪.‬‬
‫‪,‬رْ ُد ‬
‫ت )‪ُ (.Cَْ/ِA‬زرْ‪ .‬ا ُ‬
‫‪ٍ .gَ.UُC ِ9َ ِF .ْ
َ%َP .C‬‬ ‫‪.5‬‬
‫ف ه‪:‬‬ ‫ف ا ‪
ُ2‬ا ِد ُ‬
‫أّ ‪ُ ْ
u‬‬
‫ت‪.C .‬‬ ‫ب‪.2َ .‬‬ ‫أ‪.2َ .R .‬‬

‫\ هًَ ِ‪ِ C ِ A +- + .p‬د ِ‪.Q‬‬

‫ت وا „ُُ َ‬
‫ ِ‬
‫ َ‪
َْGَ/‬ي هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬ا ‪ ََ2‬‬ ‫‪.6‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫' ا ‪ُِ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫‪
ُ 2َ1‬ا ‪ِ ِA.X‬‬
‫ت‪ .‬ه َ‬ ‫‬
‫ب‪ُ َْ .‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫أ‪َ .‬أْ َ‬

‫'‪.‬‬
‫ ‪ٍ َR‬‬‫‪ُ .Tِْj,‬ء ‪ ........‬ا ‪I‬ا‪َ )ُ ْ/ُC dَ ِF‬ز‪ٍ َC‬‬‫هَ¡‪ِ b‬ء ا َ‬ ‫‪.7‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫أَ‪ُ .ْYv‬ر …َ ُ
ا ‪ِ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫ل‬
‫ت‪َ .4َ& .‬د َ‬ ‫ن‬
‫أ‪.4َ& .‬دَ ا ب‪.4ََ .‬دَ  َ‬

‫‪ ........ 0‬ا ْ‪ ِْC .ً4

َT Qُ .ْ
َEْ9‬ا ‪.َِ4َْ„َ2‬‬‫َ‪ dُ َg‬ا ‪ُ َ4‬‬ ‫‪.8‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫' ا ‪ُِ ِ ./ُ2‬‬‫‪
ُ 2َ1‬ا َ‪ِ ْj‬‬
‫ت‪ .‬ا )ي‬ ‫‬
‫ب‪ .‬ا ) َ‬ ‫أ‪ .‬ا ‪+‬‬

‫ن ا ‪ Hَ َ%ْIَ2‬ا )ي َأآَْ‪ ٌ'2َE ِy- ./‬وآَ‪ٌ

4‬؟‬
‫هَ'ْ &َ‪َ ُ ِgَْ%‬أ ‬ ‫‪.9‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬
‫' …َ ُ
ا ‪ِ ِ ./ُ2‬‬ ‫‪
ُ 2َ1‬ا ‪ِ ِA.X‬‬
‫‬
‫ت‪ُ َْ .‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫ب‪َ .‬أْ َ‬ ‫أ‪ .‬ه‬

‫\ ‪ ............‬ا ‪ِ
 ِ2َْ>ُ2‬ة َ‪..$‬‬
‫&َ َ
آَْ‪ ُy‬زَو‪ِ َ4َ>ِF ُyَُE‬‬ ‫‪.10‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫أَ‪ُ .ْYv‬ر ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫ت‪ِyِ&.gَ.UُC .‬‬ ‫ب‪ .‬إ‪
ْE‬اءِا&ِ‪ِy‬‬ ‫أ‪ .‬هِا‪ِyِ&.‬‬

‫ب ‪.ِy-‬‬
‫ت إ‪ٍ …ْ
َC
ُ َ… ٌqْpَP .$‬‬‫ل ا >‪ُ .IُN‬‬
‫ن ‪َ ....... .ًsَP‬أنْ &َ‪َ g‬‬
‫آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫‪.11‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬
‫أَ‪ُ .ْYv‬ر …َ ُ
ا ‪ِ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫ت‪.ً„ِْUُC .‬‬ ‫ب‪.ً4
َ… .‬‬ ‫أ‪.ًXIَ .‬‬

‫‪143‬‬
‫ن ‪َ َF +َgَj‬أْتْ &َ‪ +Xْp‬أ ْ
ارَه‪ .‬و&ََ
‪N‬آ‪ َْA .$ِ&.‬زَو‪..$ِE‬‬ ‫‪َ 5‬أ ‬
‫‪ ِْC‬ا ‪ِ ِ ْ¡2‬‬ ‫‪.12‬‬
‫ك‪:‬‬
‫إ َذنْ هُ‪َ ./‬‬
‫ت‪ُ  .gَ& .‬‬ ‫ب‪.A .‬داتٌ‬ ‫أ‪ٌَِ„ْGُC .‬‬

‫‪Hُ„َِF ِْC ٌَ4

َT B‬؟‬
‫هَ'ْ ا ‪ ُgG‬ا ‪ +‬ا‪ُ .$ْ&
َ َْP‬أ‪َ ُْY‬‬ ‫‪.13‬‬
‫‪ B‬هُ‪:.2‬‬
‫‪
2َ1‬ا ا ‪ِ Nَ2‬‬
‫‪ – 0‬أُْ‪H‬‬
‫‪ 0‬ت‪ .‬أ َ‬ ‫‪ – 0‬ه‪ +‬ب‪ .‬أُْ‪ – H‬أْ َ‬ ‫أ‪ .‬أْ َ‬

‫‪ +- c‬وِ‪ َِb‬هَا‪ +L‬ا‪ ......... ِ„

ْC,‬دا‪..ً 2ِL‬‬ ‫أَ ‪ُ ْgI‬‬ ‫‪.14‬‬
‫أّ ‪ َُX]a‬ا ‪ َُ4ِ ./ُ2‬ه‪:+‬‬
‫ف‬
‫ت‪ٍ .j .‬‬ ‫ب‪ِ َْ%ُC .‬لٌ‬ ‫أ‪ٌ
aَT .‬‬
‫) َو‪
َ… +- ْ0َ%َT‬ا‪ .$ِَ2َA +- ُyَْَF.T .Cَْ/ِA (ِyِC‬ا َ ِ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.15‬‬
‫' ا ُ‪ َِْ2‬ه‪:‬‬‫‪ِ ْ%ِXِ c‬‬
‫' ا ‪.%ُ2‬آِ ُ‬
‫أَ ‪ُ ْ%ِX‬‬
‫ت‪ُyَْ2َA .‬‬ ‫أ‪ .‬آَ ِ
هَْ‪ ُy‬ب‪ .‬إَْ‪ُyْ&َ َg‬‬

‫‪ B‬ا ‪ُ %NG‬ر ‪..ً %4َR‬‬

‫ن َذ ِ َ‬
‫ت ‪ .........‬وأَ‪ََF +- .‬ي‪ ،‬وآ‪َ .‬‬ ‫‪ُ ْ
َ%َP‬‬ ‫‪.16‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫أَ‪ُ .ْYv‬ر …َ ُ
ا ‪ِ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫‬
‫‪ِ ْC,‬‬
‫ت‪َ .F .‬‬ ‫ل‬
‫ب‪] )N .F .‬‬ ‫أ‪َ .%> .F .‬د ِة‬

‫` إ Œ ‪َْF‬ا َد ا َ َم‪.‬‬ ‫&ُ>‪ً َE .$َُِL.A

ُ ِ-.‬ا ‪ِ ِْC‬د‪َ ْGَC‬‬ ‫‪.17‬‬
‫‪ُ
َ ْ ,‬ة‪:‬‬‫‪B‬ا ُ‬‫إ َذنْ َُ>‪َ ْِ&
ُ ِ-.‬‬
‫ت‪َ .> .F .‬ر ِة‬ ‫ب‪ِ
َ ِL.I .F .‬ة‬ ‫أ‪ِ .Iِg .F .‬ر‬

‫ن اِْ‪َ .g‬د ا ُ„‪َ َِC‬أ‪. ..........

ُ َ… ٌ
ْC‬‬
‫‪,‬‬‫ل ا ‪َ ِ ََ4‬‬
‫ت ‪ ِْC‬دُ‪ِ Y‬‬‫‪ +/َْ%َ/َC .18‬ا >‪ُ .IُN‬‬
‫أَ ‪ َُX]a‬ا ‪ َُ4ِ ./ُ2‬ه‪:+‬‬
‫ل‬
‫ت‪ٍ gْ%َC .‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫ب‪K gِIْ/َC .‬‬ ‫ل‬
‫أ‪ٍ 4ْgَC .‬‬

‫ت ا ‪.َِ2َg‬‬
‫هِاَُ‪َ ُy‬أنْ َ‪َ
ْg‬أ ‪
ْ2ِْ .F‬ا ٍر ‪ َْA‬ا َ‪.U‬را ِ‬ ‫‪.19‬‬
‫ت ا ‪.َِ2َg‬‬
‫‪َ B‬أ‪َ ......... ُy‬أنْ َ‪َ
ْg‬أ ‪
ْ2ِْ .F‬ا ٍر ‪ َْA‬ا َ‪.U‬را ِ‬ ‫‪َ Œ/ْ%َC‬ذ ِ َ‬
‫'‬
‫ت‪ُ ]UَXُ .‬‬ ‫ب‪Qُ
َ ْ„َ .‬‬ ‫أ‪Hُ ]َ%ُ .‬‬

‫‪144‬‬
 .‫ج‬َ ‫ و‬Mَ ََ ْ‫ َأن‬+]2َA ُ 
ُ b ‫ذا‬.2ِ ‫ف‬ُ
ِ ْ%َ& b +&َE .20
:‫>ِ ه‬L
‫ْَِ ا‬2ُ ‫' ا‬ِ ْ%ِXِ ‫ف‬
ُ ‫ُ
ا ِد‬2 ‫' ا‬
ُ ْ%ِX َ‫أ‬
Hُ ]َ%ُ& .‫ت‬ Hُ َْ%َ& .‫' ب‬ ُ َ2ْ%َ& .‫أ‬

.ِj.p ‫ ا‬Qِ
ِ ِA.Gَ2ِ ًَ2َEْ
َ& Qُ
ُ ْ%ِP ‫ن‬
َ .‫( آ‬0
ِ ْTَ ‫ ا‬B
َ ِ ‫ َذ‬+-) .21
Which of the following is the closest paraphrasing of the phrase in parentheses?
a. at that time
b. in the old days
c. in ancient poetry

.‫ ِد ِم‬.g ‫ْ ِ
ا‬$G ‫ ا‬+- cَ ِ& +- +gَْَ .Cَْ/ِA B
َ َC.Cَ‫ >] ]
أ‬.F +ُ
ِ4ْpَُ .22
:‫\ ه‬ ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫' …َ ُ
ا‬
ِ ِA.X ‫ ُ
ا‬2َ1
0
َ ْ‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ .‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ +‫ ه‬.‫أ‬

.َِC„ُ ‫' َأ ْ
ا ِر ا‬
 ُ‫ف آ‬
ُ
ِ ْ%َ ُy‫ َأ‬Hُ َg ‫ري ا‬.E  N ُuَ .23
:‫>ِ ه‬L
‫َِ ا‬2ُ ‫' ا‬ ِ ْ%ِXِ ‫ف‬
ُ ‫ُ
ا ِد‬2 ‫' ا‬
ُ ْ%ِX َ‫أ‬
'
ُ ِaَ .‫ت‬ ‫س‬
ُ ‫ ِر‬.2ُ .‫ب‬ ُ ِgَْ%َ .‫أ‬

!
َ %َ2ْE‫ َأ‬Hِ$ََA i
ِ ‫َُ ا‬/ْ%َ ،Hُ$ْ/َA dَ َ2 َ‫\ َأنْ أ‬
N ِ‫ ُأ‬b .24
If you hear someone says this expression, you will have the impression that she/he is:
a. mad
b. happy
c. reserved

.Qِ ‫ ِر‬.E .......... ‫ ََْ ِ

ُم‬b ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا َ] ِ ه ا )ي‬. َ‫أ‬ .25
:‫\ ه‬ ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ِ …َ ُ
ا‬yِF ‫ل‬
ُ %ْXَ2 َ‫أ‬
™
َ ْXَ& .‫ت‬
َ ِA.GَC .‫ب‬ َ  .gَ& .‫أ‬

145
Reading Exercise ‫ ا>اءة‬2B=D
Read the following words, phrases and sentences into your tape recorder, then listen to
them. Give the tape to your teacher to check your performance:
ُ  .gَ& ٌ‫دات‬.A ‫ْى‬$َ& +Xْpُ& ‫ت‬
ُ ْ‫َ َأ‬F
Œg C ٌَ.4ِ
ُ ِR.pَC ٌ™ْXَ& ٌ‫ َرة‬.Uَ
ٌ‫َْ ِل‬%ُC ٌcْgَR ‫ل‬
ِ . ‫َْ ِر ا‬T ŒA dِ ِF‫ا‬I ‫ ا‬dُ ْ2َE
ٌَ4
َ… ٌ‫ت‬.‫آ‬N
ََ& ‫ت‬
ِ   ََ2 ‫ِ
ا َء ُة ا‬T 0
ِ ْTَ ‫ ا‬B َ ِ ‫ َذ‬+-
ُCْ v‫ َر ُة ا‬.Uَ َ‫أ‬ َِgَ‫ُ
اه‬2 ‫َ
َْَُ ا‬C ‫ل‬ ِ .XْR, َ ‫ا‬qُ َaَT
.ٌ‫ َ
ة‬aَT ُ َ ‫ َ
ةٌ وا‬aَF  ُ َ% َ‫أ‬
..ً%ِْ2ُC ‫ َد‬.A .C
َ َX> ‫ن ا‬  ‫ِ ُ َأ‬aْT‫ َأ‬0ُ ْ/ُ‫آ‬
.‫ت‬
ِ .4ِE‫ق وا ا‬ ِ gُ ‫ ا‬ َ َF ‫ق‬
ُ
] َXُ b ٌ'ُE‫هَ)ا َر‬
.ِy- ‫ب‬
ٍ …ْ
َC
ُ َ… ٌqْpَP ُy‫ِ ُ َأ‬aْgَ& ْ0َ.‫ آ‬.C
..$ََ .ِ ‫َِ و‬C„ُ ‫ت ا‬ ِ ‫ْ
اءا‬E‫ِ َ إ‬gَْ/َ ْ‫ َأن‬./]gَ ِْC
.ٌَ-.j ‫ ُء‬.2> ‫ وا‬b ً ِ َْ%ُC c
ُ ْgI ‫ن ا‬ َ .‫ آ‬،ِdِT‫ ا ا‬+-
.َِgَ‫ُ
اه‬2 ‫َ
َْَِ ا‬C +- ِj.p ‫ ا‬Qِ
ِ ِA.Gَ2ِ ٌَ2َEْ
َ& Qُ ُ
ْ%ِP
.َِ2َg ‫ت ا‬ ِ ‫را‬.Uَ ‫َْ ا‬A ‫ْ
ا ٍر‬2ِْ .F ‫
َأ‬gَ ْ‫ َأن‬+gَj َُ‫هِا‬
.َِN ‫ ا‬Hِ ]َ%ُC‫ْ ِ
وا ِي و‬9ِF Hَ َg ‫ ا‬+  Fَ
َ% ‫ْ َ
ا‬%]G ‫\ ا‬ N ِ‫ ُأ‬0 ُ ِ‫ ز‬.C

146
Unit # 8 (8) ()‫
ة ر‬,-‫أ‬
Vincent Battle worked and lived in Baghdad for a number of years. He made many
friends including His Iraqi friend, Sami, who is visiting him in Washington, D.C. They sat
down to reminisce the days in Baghdad, and plan to visit various locations in D.C.

‫َْادُ؟‬F 5 َ َ‫ آ‬:0/>/-

..ً2ِL‫ٌَ دا‬%ِL‫ را‬:+C. :+C.
..$ْ/َA ٌ2َE ٌ‫ت‬.
‫ ذِآ‬+ :0/>/-
..$- ‫ن‬َ ‫
و‬:َ‫ءٌ آ‬.Tِْj‫ك أ‬ َ َ ْ/ِA‫ و‬:+C.
."‫ ¡اس‬Fَ‫ع "أ‬ ِ ‫ ِر‬.P +- ‫ن‬ َ ‫Œ َأنْ أَآ‬/َ2َ&‫ َأ‬.ً.َ‫ أ‬،ُ‫ْ ِ
ف‬%َ& :0/>/-
.‫ك‬
َ ./ُ‫ ه‬./ْ4َ‫ َذه‬.2ُ‫ك آ‬ َ
ُ ‫ ََ َ)آ‬
ُ َْ :+C.
.'
ُ UَXُ2 ‫ ا‬+Aِ‫ر‬.P ‫ ه‬:0/>/-
.‫ق‬
َ
َ َ% ‫ب ا‬َ
َ ْGَ& ْ‫ْ َ َأن‬%َF "‫َ>ْ¦ف‬2 ‫ "ا‬B َ َ2> ‫' ا‬ ُ ُ‫آ‬9& 0َ ْ/ُ‫ آ‬t ُ َ :+C.
.‫
ًا‬:َ‫ آ‬+/ُ4ِْ%ُ‫َِ و‬.ِ ٌ'2َE "‫ ¡اس‬Fَ‫ع "أ‬ ُ ‫ ِر‬.P :0/>/-
.‫ادي‬/ ‫ت وا‬ ِ .2َ/]> ‫ت وا‬ ِ ‫را‬.4 ‫ وا‬Hِ ِA.Iَ2 ‫ع ا‬ ُ ‫ ِر‬.P ‫! ه‬B K َP ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ِو‬F :+C.
‫كَ؟‬./ُ‫ٍَ ه‬%ْ2ُE '] ُ‫ َء آ‬.>َC ‫ن‬ َ %ِ2ََْ& Hُْ ‫ ِز‬.C :0/>/-
!q
َ َXَg ‫َا ا‬Yَ َ- ‫ا‬E‫و‬Mَ َ&  َ ) ‫َا ا‬A .C ،ً.%ْ4َR :+C.
‫ٍ؟‬qَXَT ‫ي‬  ‫لُ؟ َأ‬gَ& ‫ذا‬.C :0/>/-
.‫ج‬
ِ ‫وا‬M ‫ ا‬q َ َXَT ‫َا‬Y‫ َد‬:+C.
147
 ‫ل ‪ ./ِgَj‬ا ‪/َْ2‬نِ‪ ،‬آ‪Hِ‰.‬؟‬ ‫‪ُ . 5‬‬ ‫‪ !Q6 :0/>/-‬آَ َ‬
‫ل َ‪ُ
ْg‬أ ا ‪ ََXَ>َX‬وُ‪..$ُGِT./‬‬ ‫ ‪ .C :+C.‬زا َ‬
‫' ‪َ ،ٍqْpَP‬ا ًء ‪َ .P‬ء َأمْ ‪ُ .Gَ b‬ء‪.‬‬ ‫‪ dَ C :0/>/-‬آُ ]‬
‫ب ‪/َْC‬نٌ و‪.ٌ„ْ>ِC‬‬ ‫ ‪l .P ،ًَggَ :+C.‬‬
‫‪َ :0/>/-‬أْ‪َ ُyُC‬أآْ‪!ِyَِT.R ِْC
ُ َ:‬‬
‫\ َأنْ ََ„َ َ‪ َْA H‬ا >‪.
ِ َX‬‬ ‫ن دا‪N ُِ .ً 2ِL‬‬ ‫ ‪ :+C.‬آ‪َ .‬‬
‫' ‪ًM4ُY‬ا‪.‬‬ ‫‪ُ- Qُ َ ْ/ِA c‬سٌ آ‪ْ9 Œَ ٌَ-.‬آُ َ‬ ‫‪
ُ ِ-.>ُ 5‬و َ َ‬ ‫‪ :0/>/-‬آَ َ‬
‫' ُأ‪ ُyC‬وأَ‪.Qُ .Y‬‬ ‫ ‪ :+C.‬را&ِ‪ ٌ'َT ُyُ4‬وُ‪ُ %‬‬
‫ن ا َ‪َِ2‬؟‬
‫ل أَ‪ +- Qُ Y‬آُِْ ا ‪ِ /ُX‬‬ ‫™ ُ‪ً
ِ2َْ>ُC .ً2‬ا‪ .‬أَ‪ .C‬زا َ‬ ‫‪ :0/>/-‬آ‪ُ ْ%َ Hِ‰.‬‬
‫ج ‪.ٍَ/َ َ ْ%َF‬‬ ‫ ‪./َ- ŒXَIْaُC :+C.‬نٌ ‪َC‬هبٌ‪ُ
 َpَََ .‬‬
‫‪ َ sْ>َC 5‬آ‪.Hِ‰.‬‬ ‫‪ُ ]Xَpُ ،]'َT,‬‬ ‫‪ ŒَA !ٌHuَA :0/>/-‬ا َ‬
‫ج‪.‬‬
‫‪ 5‬و ‪ِ .pِ
َ َ-.‬ر ِ‬ ‫' ‪.‬لٍ‪َ ،‬د‪ ُyَ .
َ F‬هَ)ا ا ‪َ a‬‬ ‫ ‪ ŒA :+C.‬آُ ]‬
‫‪ 5‬ا ‪ُcِْXُ2‬؟‬ ‫ ‪
َ َ-.‬ا ‪ُ gَ:ُ2‬‬ ‫‪ :0/>/-‬أَ َ‬
‫ ‪ :+C.‬أَ‪ ./‬ورو‪..ً %ْ4َR ،.C‬‬
‫!‬
‫ن و ُ‪
ْg‬اطَ واŠ‪َ 
َY‬‬ ‫‪Mَ Œَ :0/>/-‬و َر إ‪َ Rْ-‬‬
‫ ‪ :+C.‬و َ‪َ .2‬ر‪ ،َdَE‬هََ„َ‪ِ َ„ .ِF ./‬م ‪.ِyِ&
َ ْXَ َْA‬‬
‫ن ‪َْF‬ا َد آُ‪ َْA ْ0َ%ِ2َ .$‬هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬ا >‪ِ
َ ْX‬ة‪.‬‬ ‫‪  ُF b :0/>/-‬أَ ‬
‫ ‪9 .F :+C.‬آ ِ‪ .‬آ‪ ُIََC Hِ‰.‬إذا‪.ٍَA‬‬
‫\ ‪ ŒA‬ا َ‪َ dِ 2‬أنْ َ>َْ‪%ِ2‬ا إ ‪..$‬‬ ‫‪ ُIََC :0/>/-‬إذا‪ ٍَA‬إ ‪M‬ا‪ُ َِ ٍC‬‬
‫` اŠ‪ِ .‬ر ا >‪ِ
َCN‬؟‬ ‫ ‪ :+C.‬هَ'ْ &ََ َ)آ ُ
‪َ .Cَْ/ِA‬ذهَ‪Mَ ./ْ4‬و ُر ‪َ ِR./َC‬‬
‫ن َُ‪ً
ْ%ِP +]/‬ا ‪!.ً
َC‬‬ ‫‪ .2َ :0/>/-‬آ‪َ .‬‬
‫خ …ِ‪./‬ءً؟‬ ‫‪ B‬ا ‪
Na‬ا َ‬ ‫ ‪ :+C.‬هَ'ْ &ُ>َ‪َ +]2‬ذ ِ َ‬
‫ن ‪ً ِE‬ا‪.‬‬ ‫ن َ„ْ
ا َ‬ ‫‪ :0/>/-‬آ‪َ .‬‬
‫ ‪َ) ِaْpَGِF ٌ\َْ%ُC‬أْ„و(‪.‬‬ ‫ ‪ .b :+C.‬ه ‪ً ْ%ِ-‬‬
‫ن‪.‬‬
‫‪ 5‬إْ>‪ٍ .‬‬‫‪ 5‬إ َ‪ ٍy‬وِ‪ُ ْa‬‬ ‫ن َأْ„و ه)ا ِ‪ُ ْa‬‬ ‫‪َ Iْ ,‬ر ُة إ ‬ ‫لا ُ‬ ‫‪ُ gَ& :0/>/-‬‬
‫' ‪ٍ .َ-‬ة ‪ َِَ +-‬زِ‪....... .$ِ-.-‬‬ ‫ن َ‪ُ ./‬م ‪ dَ C‬آُ ]‬ ‫ف َأ‪ ُy‬آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫ ‪َ :+C.‬أ&َ‪ُ
ِ ْ%‬‬
‫' َأْ„و!‬ ‫' ‪ٍ .َ-‬ة ‪ِ ْXِIِF‬‬ ‫' آُ ‪N‬‬ ‫‪َ َ4َْ& Œَ :0/>/-‬‬
‫ ‪ :+C.‬وهَ'ْ &ََ َ)آ ُ
‪ .Cَْ/ِA‬زُر‪َ .6 .‬ر ‪َ'ِF.F‬؟‬
‫‪َ 5‬أْ>Œ ‪ ََ/َC‬اŠ ِ‪َ .ْGِA َِ$‬ر!‬ ‫‪ .ْHَ%َ :0/>/-‬آَ َ‬
‫ ‪ُ .ْGِA :+C.‬ر آ‪َ ْ0َ.‬أ‪
َ َ$ْP‬اŠ ِ‪ َِ$‬ا ‪.ِF.4‬‬
‫‪ :0/>/-‬ه‪ +- +‬رأي آ‪َ ْ0َ>َ Hِ‰.‬أ‪
َ َ$ْP‬هُ‪َ 'F ،H‬أ‪.Hُ$َ2َuْA‬‬
‫‪148‬‬
 ‫–‪.‬‬
‫‪ +- +‬ا ‪.‬ر ِ‬ ‫ع ‪K .T‬‬ ‫ل ‪ٍ
] َGُC‬‬ ‫ ‪ :+C.‬وه َ‪2َ
ُ ْ4َْ%‬را‪َ +F‬أ و َ‬
‫ي &‪9‬ر‪..ً]p‬‬‫ن َ‪ ْ
aُ ْ)ُY4‬أَ‪K
َ„ْ>َA ٍ ِL.T Hُ َuA‬‬ ‫‪ :0/>/-‬و‪ +-‬رأي آ‪ Hِ‰.‬أَ‪َ .ً U‬أ ‬
‫' …َاً؟‬‫\ َأنْ ََ‪َ َF.g‬‬
‫` &‪9‬ر‪N ُِ& ŒَC .ٌp‬‬ ‫ ‪ :+C.‬هَ)ا ‪ُ ِL.gَ Qِ )ِ َ$- ٌhَj‬‬
‫\ أَ‪.+.‬‬ ‫‪ +َ-ْ
ُ… 5‬وُأ َر&] َ‬ ‫ج َأنْ ُأَ‪َ ]u‬‬ ‫‪ +- :0/>/-‬ا َ‪َ ،َِgg‬أْ‪ُ .‬‬
‫‪َ B‬أنْ ََْ‪ َ ْ%َF +g‬ا ‪ِ
ْ$Nu‬؟‬ ‫ ‪ .C :+C.‬رأُ َ‬
‫‪ٌ\ِ ./ُC B‬؟‬ ‫‪ :0/>/-‬أَ >‪ َُA.‬ا اِ َ ُة‪ .‬هَ'ْ َذ ِ َ‬
‫‪ 5‬ا ‪ُIُp‬؟‬ ‫ ‪ :+C.‬وآَ َ‬
‫‪.r‬‬‫‪ 0‬ا‪ِ َْF,‬‬ ‫\ إ Œ ا ‪ِ َ4‬‬ ‫‪ْ)َ b‬هَ ُ‬‫‪ :0/>/-‬أ و ً‬
‫‪!r‬‬ ‫‪ 0‬ا‪ِ َْF,‬‬ ‫\ إ Œ ا ‪ِ َ4‬‬ ‫ ‪ْ)َ :+C.‬هَ ُ‬
‫‪.r‬‬
‫‪ 0‬ا‪ِ َْF,‬‬ ‫\ إ Œ ا ‪ِ َ4‬‬ ‫‪ْ)َ ْHَ%َ :0/>/-‬هَ ُ‬
‫‪.c‬‬
‫ب ‪ِ ْaُT ِْC‬ر ا
ّ‪ِ L‬‬ ‫ ‪ْXَC :+C.‬حٌ ِ ‪MN‬وا ِر! ‪ِF +-‬دِ‪/ْ2َC .‬عٌ َأنْ &َ‪َ
ِ َْg‬‬
‫‪.5‬‬
‫‪ :0/>/-‬هَ)ا ‪ِ ِF +-‬دآُ‪ِF +- .ْH‬دِ‪ .‬ا ‪ُ ِَْpَ& ُUَg‬‬
‫‪ ŒA .ُِA.>ُ i‬هَ)ا ا ‪ H] َ$‬ا „َ‪!
ِ 4‬‬ ‫ ‪ :+C.‬أ ُ‬
‫\ وا‪.ِIْ/ِP‬‬ ‫\ ِ‪ ِ„/‬وُ‪ِ ْa‬‬ ‫\ إ Œ ُ‪ِ ْa‬‬ ‫‪ْ)َ B‬هَ ُ‬‫‪َ َ ْ%َF :0/>/-‬ذ ِ َ‬
‫‪ 5‬ا >‪.>ْ:ِ2‬ن ‪ٌ\
َT‬؟‬ ‫ ‪ :+C.‬هَ'ْ ‪ُ ََْC‬‬
‫‪.+‬‬
‫– ا ‪] %4I‬‬ ‫‪ 5‬ا ‪.‬ر ِ‬ ‫‪ c‬ا ‪ .َِgَIْ/ِ2‬أَ >‪.>ْ:ِ2‬ن و‪ُ ََْC‬‬ ‫‪ :0/>/-‬آُ‪ِ ْXَ +- .$N‬‬
‫‪ُ 5‬أ‪
ْY‬ى؟‬ ‫ك ‪ُ ِ.َC‬‬ ‫ ‪ ،ٌHuَA :+C.‬وهَ'ْ هُ‪َ ./‬‬
‫‪.t‬‬‫ ا َ ِ‬‫‪ 5‬ا ‪] َX‬‬
‫` ا َ‪ ِ/َR‬و‪ُ ََْC‬‬ ‫‪ 5‬ا َ‪ِ ِL.‬‬ ‫‪ 5‬ا ‪ِ .UَX‬ء و‪ُ ََْC‬‬ ‫‪ُ ََْC :0/>/-‬‬
‫‪َ EَC َْj,‬دةٌ هُ‪./‬كَ؟‬ ‫ن ُ>ْ‪ ََp‬ا ‪ِ ْ N‬ر ا َ‬ ‫ ‪ :+C.‬هَ'ْ ‪َ ٌhَj‬أ ‬
‫` ا َ‪.ِ/َR‬‬ ‫‪ 5‬ا َ‪ِ ِL.‬‬ ‫‪ِ ََْC +- ْHَ%َ :0/>/-‬‬
‫\ ‪َ ٌ\
َT ُ
َXَE‬أمْ ‪ٌ%َF‬؟‬ ‫ ‪ :+C.‬هَ'ْ ُ‪ُ ْa‬‬
‫' ‪ َِ./ِF ِْC‬ا „¦
س‪.‬‬ ‫‪ٍ C 5‬‬ ‫' ‪ِ ْaِ ِْC‬‬ ‫‪
َ aَT ٌَ-.>َC :0/>/-‬ةٌ‪َ .‬أ‪N َT‬‬
‫ ‪ :+C.‬هَ'ْ َ‪Mَ/‬و ُر ‪ ََ./ِF‬ا „¦
س؟‬
‫‪ c‬ا َ ِم‪.‬‬‫‪ِ ْXَ +- B‬‬ ‫' َذ ِ َ‬ ‫‪َ b :0/>/-‬أ‪ ُ ِgَْA‬أَ‪ dُ Iَْ>َ ./‬أنْ َ‪M‬و َر آُ ‬
‫‪ c‬ا َ ِم‪.‬‬‫ ‪َ b ،ً.%ْ4َR b :+C.‬أ‪ِ ْXَ +- ُ ِaْT‬‬
‫‪ 5‬ا ‪ِ .UَX‬ء‪.‬‬ ‫ ِ‪Mَ/‬و َر ‪َ ََْC‬‬ ‫ج َ‪ .ً C‬آ‪ً ِC.‬‬ ‫‪ُ .َْ :0/>/-‬‬
‫ن آَ‪ً
4‬ا ‪ً ِE‬ا‪.‬‬ ‫ ‪َ  ُF b :+C.‬أنْ َ„ َ‬
‫‪ c‬آَ‪ً
4‬ا ‪ ،ْ›َgَ-‬إ‪ ِy- .2‬أَ‪ُ .P‬ء آَ‪
َ :‬ةٌ‪.‬‬ ‫‪َ َ :0/>/-‬‬
‫ ا ‪ِ .UَX‬ء‪.‬‬ ‫ج ُ‪ِ ُX‬‬‫ ‪َ :+C.‬أ&ََ‪َ dُ T‬أنْ أُ‪.P‬هِ َ ‪ِ .2َ ِy-‬ذ َ‬
‫ت‪.‬‬‫– وا ‪
L.I‬ا ُ‬ ‫ ا ‪ِ .UَX‬ء وا ‪a‬ار ُ‬ ‫‪ُ ُXُ :0/>/-‬‬
‫' ‪ +-‬ا ‪.>َ2‬ءِ؟‬ ‫ ‪.C ،ْ\]َR :+C.‬ذا َ‪ُ َ2ْ%‬‬
‫‪149‬‬
 ‫\ وا‪ِI/ِP‬؟‬ ‫\ إ Œ ‪ِ ْaُ َِgَIْ/ِC‬‬ ‫‪ B‬أنْ َ)ْهَ َ‬ ‫‪ .C :0/>/-‬رأُ َ‬
‫ ‪.C :+C.‬ذا ‪ ُ َE‬هُ‪./‬كَ؟‬
‫ف ‪ +-‬ا >‪.َِ.‬‬ ‫‪َ .A ُ َE& :0/>/-‬د ًة ‪
َ ِ-‬قٌ ‪ُ Mِ ْ%َ& ٌg C‬‬
‫\ ِ‪E َِgI/ِ2‬رج &‪.‬ون؟‬ ‫ ‪ْ)َ ŒَC :+C.‬هَ ُ‬
‫ع ا ‪ِ .g‬د ِم‪.‬‬‫‪ِ 4ْ ,‬‬‫‪ :0/>/-‬إنْ ‪َ .P‬ء ا‪ +- ،ُi‬ا ُ‬
‫ ‪ ِْC :+C.‬ا ‪
U‬وري أنْ َ‪M‬و َر ‪E ََgَIْ/ِC‬رج &‪.‬ون‪.‬‬
‫\ أنْ &َ‪M‬و َر ‪ .ً sَP‬أ‪.
َ َY‬‬ ‫‪9 .F :0/>/-‬آ ِ‪ .‬هَ'ْ &ُِ ‪N‬‬
‫ي‪.‬‬‫ق ا ‪ْ
َ2‬آَ‪] M‬‬ ‫\ إ Œ ا >‪ِ N‬‬ ‫\ أنْ أذهَ َ‬ ‫ ‪ُ َِ :+C.‬‬
‫‪ ُ ُaْgَ& :0/>/-‬ا ‪2‬ل؟‬
‫' ا ‪.َِِL.%‬‬ ‫ي هَا‪] ُ„ِ .‬‬ ‫\ أنْ أ‪َ
َْP‬‬ ‫ ‪ُ َِ ُy, ،ْHَ%َ :+C.‬‬
‫ن!‬‫ب وا ْ
ا ِ‬ ‫‪ :0/>/-‬وهَا‪.T—ِ .‬ر ِ‬
‫‪ً]َE c‬ا إ‪!.ً TْR‬‬
‫\ ا ِ‪.a‬رِ‪ ،‬وا ‪ُ Eَ2‬د َ َ‬ ‫ق ‪+َP‬ءٌ ‪ِ َ4َ>ِF‬‬ ‫‪ +- c‬ا >‪ِ N‬‬ ‫ ‪ :+C.‬أ ‪َ َ َُِ„ْGُ2‬‬
‫ج ‪........‬‬ ‫‪ :0/>/-‬و‪َ
ُ ِ-.>ُ .Cَْ/ِA‬أٌَ ِ‪ِ .p‬ر ِ‬
‫ن ‪ِF dُ ِEْ
َ& .Cَْ/ِA‬وِ‪..$‬‬ ‫ن ا ‪َ$‬ا‪ ،.‬وَ‪َ AْM‬‬ ‫ ‪ :+C.‬أ َ‪
ِuَْ/َ dُ 2‬و َ‬
‫س ا ‪!.N‬‬ ‫ك ‪ُ ُ-‬‬ ‫ن ‪َ َ ْ/ِA‬‬‫‪ Q./ْ%َC :0/>/-‬أنْ َ„ َ‬
‫' ‪ 500‬دو‪b‬ر ‪ْ›َgَ-‬؟‬ ‫‪ِ َِF h‬‬ ‫ ‪ :+C.‬أ ُ„‪ُ َ2ْ>َ& َُC‬‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫ح ‪ً َT‬‬ ‫‪ُ .&ْ
َ& B‬‬‫ك! ‪
ُ ْ&9‬آُ َ‬ ‫‪َ ُ ِA.>ُ i‬‬‫‪ :0/>/-‬أ ُ‬
‫ ‪ dَ َC :+C.‬ا >‪.َِC‬‬

‫‪Questions about the text‬‬ ‫أ‪ 2 45ْ#‬ا‪/0‬‬

‫‪a. Answer the following questions:‬‬
‫‪"q‬؟‬‫ َد‪َY‬ا ا ‪َ َXَg‬‬ ‫ ‪.T‬ل‪" ،‬ا ) َ‬ ‫‪.C .1‬ذا ‪َ  +C. َ َaَT‬‬
‫ج ‪ ،ŒXَIْaُC‬و‪ ِْC‬أََ؟‬ ‫‪ُ
 َpَََ ŒC .2‬‬
‫ل ‪ َْA +C.‬آ‪"„ْ>ِC" Hِ‰.‬؟‬ ‫‪.2ِ .3‬ذا ‪َ .T‬‬
‫' ‪َ .Cَْ/ِA‬ذهَ‪4‬ا ِ‪َ .M‬ر ِة اŠ‪ِ .‬ر ا >‪.ِ
َCN‬‬ ‫ن آ‪ُ َ%ْXَ Hِ‰.‬‬ ‫‪.C .4‬ذا آ‪َ .‬‬
‫‪َ Iْ ,‬رةُ؟‬ ‫‪B‬ا ُ‬‫ل &ِْ َ‬
‫‪ُ َْA 0‬أ ْ‪َ I‬ر ِة أْ„و و‪.C‬ذا &َ‪ُ g‬‬ ‫‪ .5‬هَ'ْ َ‪َِ ْ%ِ2‬‬
‫' َ‪ + .‬زَ‪ِ$ِ-.-‬؟‬ ‫ت ‪َ ْ4َT‬‬
‫ن أْ„و َ‪ُ ./‬م ‪ dَ َC‬ا ‪ِ .ََX‬‬ ‫\ آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫ي َ‪ٍ َ4‬‬‫‪] , .6‬‬
‫‪ +‬ا‪ُْj,‬؟‬ ‫ &‪ َُpْ>ُ ُ َE‬ا ‪ِ  N‬ر ا‪] „
C,‬‬ ‫‪ .7‬أِ َ‬
‫' ‪ +C.‬و‪ +- 0/>/-‬ا ‪.>َ2‬ءِ؟‬ ‫‪.C .8‬ذا ََ‪ُ َ%ْX‬‬
‫‪ c‬ا ‪
ِ%‬ا‪]+T‬؟‬ ‫ل ‪
ِ ْaَT َْA +C.‬ا
‪ِ L‬‬ ‫‪.C .9‬ذا ‪َ .T‬‬
‫\ ا ‪
ِ%‬ا‪]+T‬؟‬ ‫‪ .C .10‬ه‪ُ .6 +‬ر ا ِ‪ِ .a‬ر ‪ ŒA‬ا ‪ِ ْ%G‬‬
‫‪150‬‬
b. True or False. Please change the false statements to the correct form.
.H> ‫ ا‬.$ِْ„َGِF 9Iَp ‫' ا‬ َ 2ُ ‫ ا‬+4ُْ‫ ُأآ‬/ ْ\ُ‫؟ أُآ‬9IَY ْ‫َابٌ أم‬j
.Hِ‰.‫ ِء آ‬./َِF ٌ\َْ%ُC +C. .1
.ٌ%َF ُy,
َ 5 ِ ََْ2 ‫ َر ِة ا‬.Mِ 
ً ِC.‫ آ‬.ًCَ 0/>/- ‫ح‬ َ
َ َْT‫ إ‬.2
.‫ ِء‬.UَX ‫ ا‬
ِ ُXُ ‫– و‬ ِ ‫ار‬aَ ‫ج‬ ُ ‫ ِذ‬.2َ +%4I ‫– ا‬ ِ ‫ر‬. ‫ ا‬5 ِ ََْC +- .3
.َِXَ>َX ‫ِ
ا َء ُة ا‬T ُyُ4ِْ%ُ& Hِ‰.‫ آ‬.4
.ُyَ.‫ أ‬5
َ ]uَ/ُ‫ُ و‬yََ-ْ
ُ… \ َ ]&
َ ُ ْ‫ أن‬+C. ‫ج‬ ُ .َْ .5
.+ . ‫ ا َ ِم ا‬+- H‰.‫ وآ‬0/>/- +gَََ .6
Functional Expression 4678‫رات ا‬:6‫أ‬
‫َ>ْ¦ف‬2 ‫ ا‬B ُ َ2> ‫ا‬ grilled fish, the Iraqi style
BK َP ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ِو‬F no doubt
!qَ َXَg ‫َا ا‬Yَ َ- ‫ا‬E‫و‬Mَ َ&  َ ) ‫أ‬ Those who married and entered the cage!
.‫ ُء‬.Gَ b ْ‫ َء َأم‬.P ‫ َا ًء‬ Whether he likes it or not.
!ِyَِT.R ِْC
ُ َ:ْ‫ُ َأآ‬yُCْ‫َأ‬ His dreams are more than his capacity!
‫ًا‬M4ُY ' َ ُ‫ْآ‬9 Œَ so that he can earn a living (has enough in
order to eat bread)
َِ2َ ‫ن ا‬ِ /ُX ‫آُُْ ا‬ college of fine arts
5َ a ‫ُ هَ)ا ا‬yَ .
َ F‫َد‬ he managed his situation this summer
cُ ِْXُ2 ‫ ا‬5
ُ gَ:ُ2 ‫ا‬ the penny less intellectual
َ‫ْ
اط‬gُ ‫ن و‬ َ Rْ-‫إ‬ Plato and Socrates
ٍC‫ا‬M ‫ٍَ إ‬A‫ُ إذا‬IََC a compulsory broadcasting station
!‫ك‬َ ُ ِA.>ُ i ُ ‫أ‬ May Allah help you!
!
ِ 4ُ„ ‫ ا‬H] َ$ ‫Œ هَ)ا ا‬A .ُِA.>ُ i
ُ ‫أ‬ May Allah help us overcome this big worry
‫ ِر‬.aِ ‫\ ا‬ ِ َ4َ>ِF because of the embargo

Vocabulary List ‫ ا=<دات‬4=7)

she, you (m) rest ‫ح‬

ُ .&ْ
َ&
she gets pregnant '
ُ َ4َْ&
she, you (m) play an instrument ‫ف‬
ُ Mِ ْ%َ&
he gets upset '
ُ َAْMَ
151
he discusses ™
ُ ِT./ُ
he reduces (responsibility) 5
ُ ]Xَpُ
he supports (family) '
ُ %ُ
I arrange \
ُ ]&‫ُأ َر‬
I clean, sweep 5
ُ ]uَ‫ُأ‬
I wish, hope, like Œ/َ2َ&‫َأ‬
to arrange, manage
َ F‫َد‬
to perish, wiped out B
َ ََ‫ه‬
we meet '
ُ َF.gََ
enough (m-f) ٌَ-.‫ آ‬/ ‫ف‬ ٍ .‫آ‬
poor (s-p) 
ُ ‫آ‬.>ِC - ٌ„ْ>ِC
admirer, interested in ٌ\َْ%ُC
penniless ٌcِْXُC
educated, intellectual ٌ5gَ:ُC
gifted ٌ‫َهب‬C
preferred ٌ'UَXُC
on going, continuous
l ِ2َْ>ُC
original +
l ْj‫َأ‬
drunk ‫ن‬
ُ ‫ َ„ْ
ا‬
salary, pay ٌ\ِ&‫را‬
change, exchange ٌ'َ&
worry-ies ٌ‫م‬2ُ‫ ه‬- Hl َ‫ه‬
plan ٌIِY
god/s ٌِ$ِ 6 – ٌy ‫إ‬
legend/s
ُ R. َ‫ أ‬- ٌ‫ َرة‬Iْ ‫ُأ‬
cage ٌqَXَT
Arak (hard local liquor) ٌ‫َ َ
ق‬A
152
dream/s ٌ‫ٌ – َأْم‬Hُُ
constitution ٌ‫ُد ْر‬
copy ٌَpْ>ُ
wedding ٌ‫ف‬.-ِ‫ز‬
singing ٌ‫ء‬./ِ…
energy, capacity, power ٌَT.R
trip, journey ٌ‫ْ َ
ة‬Xَ
speech, talk ٌ‫آَم‬
world, globe .ُ‫د‬
monument ٌ\ْaُ
open area, plaza ٌَ.
model/s ‫ج‬
ُ ‫ ِذ‬.2َ - ٌ‫ َذج‬2ُ
meaning/s ‫ن‬
ٍ .%َC / Œ/ْ%َC
visitor/s ٌ‫ زوار‬- ٌ
ِL‫زا‬
rocket/s –
ُ ‫َار‬j - ٌ‫روخ‬.j
week days ‫ع‬
ِ 4ْ , ُ ‫ ُم ا‬.‫َأ‬
Friday َُ%ْ2ُ ‫أ‬
Saturday 0
ُ ْ4> ‫أ‬
Sunday ُ َ,َ‫أ‬
Monday 
ِ َ/ْ,‫أ‬
Tuesday ‫ ُء‬.N: ‫أ‬
Wednesday ‫ ُء‬.%ِFْ‫ر‬,‫أ‬
Thursday c
ُ 2َp ‫أ‬
except for ‫َا‬A .C
when (conjunction) .2َ
when (conjunction) t
ُ َ
whenever .2ُ‫آ‬
153
 sometimes .ً .‫أ‬
never .ً TْR‫إ‬
the National Archive Museum ِ/َRَ ‫` ا‬ ِ ِL.َ ‫ ا‬5 ُ ََْC
the Natural History Museum +
] %4I ‫– ا‬ ِ ‫ر‬. ‫ ا‬5 ُ ََْC
the Fine Art Museum t
ِ َ ‫ ا‬ ] َX ‫ ا‬5
ُ ََْC
The Space Museum ‫ ِء‬.UَX ‫ ا‬5 ُ ََْC
the mall ‫ي‬
N Mَ‫َ
ْآ‬2 ‫ن ا‬ ِ ‫ ِز‬.pَ2 ‫ق ا‬ُ N
the broadcasting station َِA‫ذا‬v‫ُ ا‬IََC

Grammar
‫ا‬->‫أ‬
1. Defective Verbs in Arabic are a category of verbs which end with a long vowel such as:
to meet +
َ gَ
to walk ŒGَC
to invite .Aَ‫د‬
to see, witness ‫رأى‬

These verbs will take the following forms when changed to the present tense.
‫ي–ى‬ Œgْَ – +
َ gَ
‫ي‬-‫ى‬ +Gْ2َ – ŒGَC
‫و‬-‫ا‬ Aَْ – .Aَ‫د‬
‫ى‬-‫ى‬ ‫رأى – َ
ى‬

Notice that even in the past tense, the long vowel is reduced to a short one for:
ْ0َGَC – +‫ه‬ ‫ا‬GَC – Hُ‫ه‬
The long vowel is changed to the corresponding forms (displayed in the previous frame) for the
rest of the pronouns. Examples are:
you (f.s.) walked 0
ِ َGَC - 0
ِ ْ‫َأ‬
I invited ‫ت‬
ُ Aَ‫ – د‬.َ‫أ‬

154
2. You can create adverbs from the adjectives derived originally from time concepts by
changing the case from nominative -ٌ to accusative ‫ ًا‬as in the following:

daily .ًCَ - +
l Cَ
weekly .ًA4ْ ‫ ُأ‬- + l A4ْ ‫ُأ‬
monthly .ً
ْ$َP - ‫ي‬ l
ْ$َP
yearly, annually .ًَ/َ – ‫ي‬ l َ/َ

Verb Conjugation ‫ل‬6 @‫ ا‬ABCD

The following are the conjugation charts of four Arabic defective verbs. They are conjugated to
singular and plural pronouns, for both past and present tenses.
to invite .Aَ‫د‬
‫أ‬ E
ِ ‫أ‬ E
َ ‫أ‬ ‫ه‬ -‫ه‬ ‫ِ ا=ُ<د‬7=َR
‫ت‬
ُ َA‫َد‬ ‫ت‬
ِ َA‫َد‬ ‫ت‬
َ َA‫ْ َد‬0َA‫َد‬ .Aَ‫د‬ +1.2 ‫ ا‬j
Aْ‫أد‬ 
َ Aَْ& Aَْ& Aَْ& Aَْ ‫رع‬.U2 ‫ ا‬j

2Mَ 2
 ُ‫أ‬ (َُ‫أ‬ 2
‫ه‬ (‫ه‬ I=‫ِ ا‬7=َR
.َA‫َد‬ 
َ ُ&َA‫َد‬ Hُ&َA‫ن َد‬ َ َA‫َا َد‬A‫َد‬ +1.2 ‫ ا‬j
Aَْ 
َ Aَْ& ‫ن‬
َ Aَْ&  َ Aَْ ‫ن‬
َ Aَْ ‫رع‬.U2 ‫ ا‬j
to walk ŒGَC
‫أ‬ E
ِ ‫أ‬ E
َ ‫أ‬ ‫ه‬ -‫ه‬ ‫ِ ا=ُ<د‬7=َR
0
ُ َGَC 0
ِ َGَC 0
َ َGَC ْ0َGَC ŒGَC +1.2 ‫ ا‬j
+GْC‫أ‬ 
َ Gْ2َ& +Gْ2َ& +Gْ2َ& +G2 ‫رع‬.U2 ‫ ا‬j

2Mَ 2
 ُ‫أ‬ (َُ‫أ‬ 2
‫ه‬ (‫ه‬ I=‫ِ ا‬7=َR
./GَC 
 َُGَC HَُGَC  َ َGَC ‫ا‬GَC +1.2 ‫ ا‬j

155
 +Gْ2َ 
َ َGْ2َ& ‫ن‬
َ Gْ2ِ& 
َ Gْ2َ ‫ن‬
َ Gْ2َ ‫رع‬.U2 ‫ ا‬j
to meet, encounter +
َ gَ

‫أ‬ E
ِ ‫أ‬ E
َ ‫أ‬ ‫ه‬ -‫ه‬ ‫ِ ا=ُ<د‬7=َR
0
ُ َgَ 0
ِ َgَ 0
َ َgَ ْ0َgَ +
َ gَ +1.2 ‫ ا‬j
Œgْ ‫أ‬ 
َ َgْَ& Œgْَ& Œgْَ& Œgْَ ‫رع‬.U2 ‫ ا‬j

2Mَ 2
 ُ‫أ‬ (َُ‫أ‬ 2
‫ه‬ (‫ه‬ I=‫ِ ا‬7=َR
./َgَ 
 َُgَ Hَُgَ  َ َgَ ‫ا‬gَ +1.2 ‫ ا‬j
Œgْَ 
َ َgْَ& ‫ن‬
َ َgْَ&  َ َgْَ ‫ن‬َ َgْَ ‫رع‬.U2 ‫ ا‬j

to see, witness ‫رأى‬

‫أ‬ E
ِ ‫أ‬ E
َ ‫أ‬ ‫ه‬ -‫ه‬ ‫ِ ا=ُ<د‬7=َR
0
ُ ‫رَأ‬ 0
ِ ‫رَأ‬ 0
َ ‫َرَأتْ رَأ‬ ‫رَأى‬ +1.2 ‫ ا‬j
‫أرى‬ 
َ َ
َ& ‫&َ
ى‬ ‫َ
ى &َ
ى‬ ‫رع‬.U2 ‫ ا‬j

2Mَ 2
 ُ‫أ‬ (َُ‫أ‬ 2
‫ه‬ (‫ه‬ I=‫ِ ا‬7=َR
./‫رَأ‬ 
 ُ‫ رَأ‬Hُ‫ رَأ‬ َ ‫رَأوا رِأ‬ +1.2 ‫ ا‬j
‫َ
ى‬ 
َ َ
َ& ‫ن‬ َ ‫ &َ
َو‬ َ َ
َ ‫ن‬ َ ‫َ
َو‬ ‫رع‬.U2 ‫ ا‬j

Drill # 1 ‫ ا@ول‬2B=‫أ‬
Use the words and phrases in the Vocabulary List in good sentences:

Drill # 2 G‫ ا‬2B=‫أ‬

Please choose the correct options:

156
 ‫ج‪.‬‬
‫ك ‪ َْA ٌَ2َE ..........‬ا ‪M‬وا ِ‬
‫أ‪ b .‬أ ‪َ َ ْ/ِA ،َBُC‬‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫أ‪ُ .Yv‬ر … ُ
ا ‪ِ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫–‬
‫ت‪َj .‬ار ُ‬ ‫ب‪ .‬أْمٌ‬ ‫أ‪ِ .‬ذآْ
‪.‬تٌ‬

‫ت‪.‬‬
‫' هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬ا ‪gْ%‬ا ِ‬
‫‪] ُ„ِF b‬‬
‫` ‪َ .j ،َBَ%َC‬ر )ا ‪ً ْGَC (Hُ َ .%‬‬ ‫أَ َ ‪N‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫ ه‪:‬‬
‫ ‪ِ  َT‬‬‫ف ا „َِ‪ َِ2‬ا ‪َ َF +‬‬
‫‪
ُC‬ا ِد ُ‬
‫ت‪ .‬أ ‪.N‬‬ ‫ق‬
‫ب‪ .‬ا ‪ُ
َ ِX‬‬ ‫ج‬
‫أ‪ .‬ا ‪ِ .2/‬ذ ُ‬

‫‪َ Iْ ,‬ر َة( ا >‪ َ

َCN‬و‪./ْGَT.‬ه‪..‬‬ ‫‪
َT‬أ‪ .‬هَ ِ) ِ‪) Q‬ا ُ‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫ ه‪:‬‬‫ ‪ِ  َT‬‬ ‫ف ا „َِ‪ َِ2‬ا ‪َ َF +‬‬ ‫‪
ُC‬ا ِد ُ‬
‫ت‪ .‬أŠ ِ‪ََ$‬‬ ‫ن‬
‫ب‪ .‬ا ‪َ .g‬‬ ‫أ‪ .‬ا ‪َaِg‬‬

‫‪.+‬‬
‫ب ا َ
ْ‪] F‬‬
‫\( ‪
ِT‬ا َء َة ا‪َ ,‬د ِ‬
‫ن أ‪Y‬ه‪N ُِ) .‬‬ ‫آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫ ه‪:‬‬ ‫ ‪ِ  َT‬‬‫ف ا „َِ‪ َِ2‬ا ‪َ َF +‬‬
‫‪
ُC‬ا ِد ُ‬
‫ت‪ُ ِgَْ/َ .‬‬ ‫ب‪ْ$َ .‬ى‬ ‫ق‬
‫أ‪ُ
] َXُ .‬‬

‫' ‪ٍ .>َC‬ء‪.‬‬‫ق ا ‪ +- ُg 2‬هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬ا >‪ ََA.‬آُ ‬‫‪ ..........‬ا ‪ُ

َ ِX‬‬ ‫‪.5‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫أ‪.ْYv‬ر ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫ت‪+]/َُ& .‬‬ ‫ب‬
‫ب‪ُ
ِ َْgَ& .‬‬ ‫ف‬
‫أ‪ُ Mِ ْ%َ& .‬‬

‫' ‪. ............. َِَْ

َC +-‬‬‫آََ‪ ْ0َ4‬هَ)ا ا ‪
َ ْ%]G‬ا َ‪َ 2‬‬ ‫‪.6‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫أ‪ُ .ْYv‬ر ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫ت‪ .‬ا >]‪َِ.‬‬ ‫ب‪ .‬ا ‪
ُ2‬اهَ‪َِg‬‬ ‫أ‪ .‬ا ‪
ُ2‬ا ََِ‬

‫‪.t‬‬
‫ ا َ ِ‬
‫‪ 5‬ا ‪] َX‬‬
‫ب ‪ِ ََْC +-‬‬
‫ن ا ‪َ2‬ه َ‬ ‫‪ 0‬هَ)ا ا ‪َ ./َX‬‬
‫ َ‪ُ g‬‬ ‫‪.7‬‬
‫' ا ُ‪:َِ2‬‬
‫ع ِ‪ِ ْ%ِX‬‬
‫‪ َُj‬ا ‪ِ .Uُ2‬ر ِ‬
‫ت‪ .‬أ ‪+g‬‬ ‫ا‪ .‬أ ‪ Œg‬ب‪ .‬أ ‪+g‬‬

‫ َ‪ِ C ِ A +- (+]/َُ&) .$ُْ%ِ2‬د ‪..$َِgَj‬‬ ‫‪.8‬‬

‫?‪Which kind of verb is the one between parentheses‬‬
‫‪a. hollow‬‬
‫‪b. defective‬‬

‫‪157‬‬
 c. assimilated

.c
ِ ْC‫ َء أ‬.>َC .$َِِL.A dC ‫ ِر‬.Iَ2 ‫ ا‬+- (ُyَْgَ ) .9
:‫ ه‬ ِ  َT  َ َF + ‫َِ ا‬2ِَ„ ‫ف ا‬
ُ ‫ُ
ا ِد‬C
ُyَْXuَ .‫ت‬ ُyَْ .A‫ أ‬.‫ُ ب‬yَْَF.T .‫أ‬
‫مِ؟‬/ ‫' ا‬َ ْ4َT ‫
ًا‬:َ‫' آ‬ُ ْX]I ‫َ„Œ ا‬F ‫ذا‬.2ِ .10
:َِ2ُ ‫' ا‬ ِ ْ%ِXِ ‫ع‬
ِ ‫ ِر‬.Uُ2 ‫َُ ا‬j
Œ„ْ4َ .‫ت‬ +„ْ4َ .‫ب‬ „ْ4َ .‫أ‬

‫ ؟‬.............. 
َ 2ِْ>ُ2 ‫ ا‬............. ٌ\َْ%ُC ُy‫ِ ُ أ‬gَْ%َ& ْ'َ‫ه‬ .11
:‫\ ه‬ُ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
ْHِ‫ ِره‬.6‫ و‬- ‫ن‬
ِ /ُXِF .‫ْ ت‬Hِ‫ ِ
ه‬R. ‫ْ ِم – وأ‬9F .‫ْ ب‬Hِ‫  ِه‬.gَ&‫ت – و‬ ِ ‫دا‬.%ِF .‫أ‬

.‫ ِء‬.Tِْj,‫ ا‬r
ِ ْ%َF dَ َC \
ِ ْaN/ِ \َ َ‫( أنْ َ)ْه‬..Eَ‫)ر‬ .12
:َِ2ُ ‫' ا‬
ِ ْ%ِXِ ‫ع‬
ِ ‫ ِر‬.Uُ2 ‫َُ ا‬j
./Eْ
َ .‫ت‬ .Eْ
َ .‫ب‬ ..Eْ
َ .‫أ‬

.(‫ل‬
ِ . ‫َْ ِر ا‬T) ŒA .ً Xgَ:ُC ُyَ>ْXَ
ُ ِ4َْ%َ ‫ري‬.E .13
The sentence implies that my neighbor is:
a. at least reserved
b. somehow humble
c. certainly boasting

. .......... 5
ِ ََْC +- ٌَ‰XَْC ُْj,‫ ا‬+ ] „
ْC,‫ ْ ِر ا‬N ‫َُ ا‬pْ>ُ .14
:‫\ ه‬ُ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
+
] %4I ‫– ا‬ِ ‫ر‬. ‫ ا‬.‫ِ ت‬/َRَ ‫` ا‬ ِ ِL.َ ‫ ا‬.‫ ب‬t ِ َْ ‫ ا‬] َX ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

.ِِF.4 ‫َِ ا‬$ِ Š‫ ا‬........ ْ0َ.‫ َر آ‬.GِA ‫ن‬

 ‫ َأ‬+َgَj ُ ِgَْ%َ& .15
:‫\ ه‬ ُ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
.ً2uَA .‫ت‬ Hَ َuْA‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ًَ2uَA .‫أ‬

..$ِْ/ِF (‫ج‬
ِ ‫ْَِ )زَوا‬Xَ Œ ‫ إ‬.$ِ&.gَj ْ0َA‫َد‬ .16
:‫ ه‬
ِ َ َT 
َ F + ‫ِ ا‬2„ ‫ ا‬r ِ %َ \ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ
ُ ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
158
 ‫ف‬
‫ت‪ .‬زِ‪ِ .-‬‬ ‫\‬
‫ب‪ِ ْaُ .‬‬ ‫أ‪ِ C .‬د‬

‫س‪.‬‬
‫' ‪ ُyَ-
َ َA .........‬ا ‪ُ ./‬‬
‫' أ‪َ َUْ-‬‬
‫ن ا 
‪ُ ُE‬‬‫آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫‪.17‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫أ‪ُ .ْYv‬ر ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫‪+‬‬
‫ع ‪K .T‬‬
‫ن ا َ‪ َِ2‬ت‪ٍ
] َGُC .‬‬ ‫أ‪ َِpْ>ُ .‬ا ‪ِ ْ N‬ر ب‪ .‬ا ‪ِ /ُX‬‬

‫س‪.‬‬
‫ن ا َ] ُ ه ا )ي ََْ ِ
ُم ‪ .............‬ا ‪ِ ./‬‬
‫أ‪ُ .>ْv‬‬ ‫‪.18‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬‫أ‪ُ .ْYv‬ر …َ ُ
ا ‪ِ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫ب‬
‫ت‪َC .‬ه َ‬ ‫ت‬
‫أ‪
َ ِA.GَC .‬ب‪ .‬ا ِْ‪.>ْX‬را ِ‬

‫ُأ ْ‪.‬ذُ‪ ِaْpَGِF (ًَggَ) ٌ\َْ%ُC .‬أْ„و وُأ ْ‪َ I‬ر&ِ‪.ِy‬‬ ‫‪.19‬‬
‫ ه‪:‬‬‫ ‪ِ  َT‬‬‫ف ا „َِ‪ َِ2‬ا ‪َ َF +‬‬
‫‪
ُC‬ا ِد ُ‬
‫‬
‫ت‪ً ْ%ِ- .‬‬ ‫ب‪ .‬أ‪.ً.‬‬ ‫أ‪ .‬دا‪.ً2ِL‬‬

‫‪ B‬ا ‪َ$‬ا‪..‬‬
‫'( ا َ‪ ِْC dُ ِEْ
َ& .Cَْ/ِA dُ 2‬ا >‪
ِ َX‬و‪َ َ%َC‬‬ ‫)َ‪ُ َAْM‬‬ ‫‪.20‬‬
‫ ه‪:‬‬ ‫ ‪ِ  َT‬‬ ‫‪ c‬ا „َِ‪ َِ2‬ا ‪َ َF +‬‬
‫‪ُ ْ„َA‬‬
‫ح‬
‫ت‪ُ
َ ْXَ .‬‬ ‫ب‪+„ْ4َ .‬‬ ‫أ‪ُ َ .‬م‬

‫‪ .5‬إ َذنْ‪:‬‬
‫ ِ‪َ .M‬ر ِة ا ‪ِ ََْ2‬‬ ‫ج َ‪ .ً C‬آ‪ً ِC.‬‬‫‪ُ .َْ ،ًْ%ِ-‬‬ ‫‪.21‬‬
‫‪ 5‬آَ‪ٌ
4‬‬
‫أ‪ .‬أ ‪ُ ََْ2‬‬
‫‪./َِF ِْC ٌ\
َT 5‬‬‫ب‪ .‬أ ‪ُ ََْ2‬‬
‫‪gْ%َ& ِy- 5‬اتٌ آَ‪
َ :‬ةٌ‬ ‫ت‪ .‬أ ‪ُ ََْ2‬‬

‫' ‪ُ +gَj‬أ ْ َ
&َ‪ ....... )ُ /ُC ُy‬وا ِ ِ ِ‪.Q‬‬‫ُ‪ُ %‬‬ ‫‪.22‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬
‫أ‪ُ .ْYv‬ر ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫ت‬
‫ت‪ِ َC .‬‬ ‫أ‪ِ ./ِ… .‬ء ب‪ِ %ُP .‬ر‬

‫ن ‪. .......‬‬‫ن ‪ ..........‬ه‪ +‬ا ‪ )ُ ْ/ُC Œg 2‬آ‪َ .‬‬

‫إ‬ ‫‪.23‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬‫أ‪ُ .ْYv‬ر ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫‬
‫' ب‪ .‬هِاَِ‪ ٌ'ْXِR – ِy‬ت‪ .‬هُاََ‪ً ْXِR - ُy‬‬ ‫أ‪ .‬هُاَُ‪ٍ ْXِR – ُy‬‬

‫‪159‬‬
 ‫ت ) َ‪ُ (.2‬زرْ‪.F .‬ر‪..ً :َ c‬‬
‫‪ ِْC
ٍ :َ„ِF .ْ
َ%َP‬ا ‪ِ .gَ.Uُ2‬‬ ‫‪.24‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬
‫أ‪ُ .ْYv‬ر …َ ُ
ا ‪ِ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫ت‪.2َ/َF .‬‬ ‫أ‪ ŒَC .‬ب‪.Cَْ/ِA .‬‬

‫ج(‪.‬‬ ‫' أ‪ِ .T‬ر‪ .$ِF‬وأ‪) َِ4َ ./ُ2ِF .$ِL.Tِْj‬ا ‪M‬وا ِ‬

‫َ‪
َ َU‬آُ ‪N‬‬ ‫‪.25‬‬
‫ ه‪:‬‬ ‫ ‪ِ  َT‬‬
‫ف ا „َِ‪ َِ2‬ا ‪َ َF +‬‬
‫‪
ُC‬ا ِد ُ‬
‫ت‪ .‬ا‪ِ ْ,‬م‬ ‫ف ب‪ .‬ا ‪ِ sْ>َ2‬‬ ‫أ‪ .‬ا ‪ِ .-]M‬‬

‫‪Drill # 3‬‬ ‫أ=‪ 2B‬ا‪HG‬‬

‫‪a.‬‬ ‫' ا ‪ َِaِF ََ .‬ا ‪.Uَ2‬رِع‪.‬‬ ‫ُأآُْ\ْ ‪ُ /‬أآُْ‪ +ْ4‬أُ ُ‪َ َ2‬‬
‫ق إ Œ ‪ Œ/ْ4َC‬ا „ْ¦
س‪.‬‬ ‫‪ +C. (ŒGَC) .1‬و‪ ِْC 0/>/-‬ا ‪ِ ُ ْ/ُX‬‬
‫‪) .2‬دَ‪ِ .Gَ%ِ 0/>/- ُyَgَj +C. (.A‬ء ‪E َِgIْ/ِC +-
ٍ ِY.- Hٍ َ%ْIَC +-‬رج &‪.‬ون‪.‬‬
‫ل ‪ٍ
 َC‬ة ‪.ِyِ&.َ +-‬‬
‫‪ ,‬و ِ‬
‫\ وا‪I/ِP‬ن َ‬ ‫‪) .3‬رأى( ‪َ ْaُ ./ُXَ1‬‬
‫‪ 5‬ا ‪ِ .UَX‬ء‪.‬‬‫ ‪ِ ََْC +-‬‬ ‫‪ .ًFَ
َA h‬آَ‪َ 
:‬‬‫‪ (+‬ا >‪ُ ِL.‬‬
‫‪َ gَ ) .4‬‬

‫‪b.‬‬ ‫' ‪ٍ َ ]َE‬ة‪.‬‬‫ ‪ٍ َ2ُE‬‬ ‫ت َِ„ ِ‬

‫\ ا „َِ‪ِ .2‬‬‫َأ‪ / ِْA‬أَ‪A‬ي &َ
ْ& َ‬
‫ع‪.‬‬
‫‪ٍ
] َGُC‬‬ ‫َ‪
ُ ِ4َْ%‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫ل ‪K .T‬‬ ‫– َأ و َ‬ ‫‪2َ .1‬را‪ +- +F‬ا ‪.‬ر ِ‬
‫ح ا َ ِم‪.‬‬ ‫‪ +- 0‬ا ‪ + .‬إ‪َ
َ َْT‬‬ ‫‪َ +gَj +gََ .2‬أنْ ‪َ-‬ا‪ُ ْgَ-‬‬
‫ن ‪َ .‬م ‪.ٍَA.‬‬ ‫ن َŒ ‪ٍ
َ ]Y9ُC‬ة ‪ ُy,‬أَ‪
ْ„َ +Y‬ا َ‬ ‫‪ .3‬آ‪َ .‬‬
‫ل‪.‬‬‫ق وا‪ِ ِْv‬‬ ‫ب ا ‪
%‬ا ِ‬ ‫ل ِذآْ
َ‪ َْA ٌَ2َE +&.‬ا َ
ِ‬ ‫' إن أَ‪ُ T‬‬‫‪َ ْ4َT .4‬‬

‫‪c.‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫' ا ‪ .ً „
َ& ََ .‬آ‪ً ِC.‬‬
‫َ ]
كْ ‪]
َ /‬آ‪ +‬ا ُ‪َ َ2‬‬
‫‪) .1‬ه‪4‬ن إ Œ ‪ \a .‬وا‪ +- +C I/P‬ا ‪.>2‬ء‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬أ‪.Tjb‬ء ا ) د‪Y‬ا ‪ qXT‬ا ‪M‬واج >ا ه‪../‬‬
‫‪ .3‬أ ‪Xg:2‬ن ا ‪
%‬ا‪T‬ن ‪Xp‬ن ‪ dC‬ا >‪ I‬ا ‪.‬آ‪.2‬‬
‫‪ +- „ .4‬ذ ‪ B‬ا ‪
ag‬ا ‪ Hg‬أ‪
GC
$P‬ع ‪.+.T‬‬
‫‪$& .5‬ى ‪ 0/F‬أ‪ +Y‬أن &‪
g‬أ ا‪
R. ,‬ا ‪.2g‬‬
‫‪ b .6‬أ‪
A‬ف إذا آ‪ IC 0.‬ا‪v‬ذا‪.P +- A‬رع ا ‪.I2‬ر‪.‬‬

‫‪Drill # 4‬‬ ‫أ=‪ 2B‬اا"‪I‬‬

‫‪160‬‬
Please choose the correct options and explain WHY:

.. .I‫ِْ إ‬C ‫ب‬ُ ‫َه‬2 ‫ن ا‬

ُ ./َX ‫ هَ)ا ا‬.......... .1
:‫ ٍر ه‬.ْY‫' إ‬
ُ َUْ-‫أ‬
Hَ َ%َ& .‫ت‬ ‫س‬
َ ‫ َد َر‬.‫ب‬ ‫ج‬
َ
 َpَ& .‫أ‬

.\
َ َ4> ‫ ا‬./ْ-
َ َA .C‫ و‬.$َِ-ْ
ُ… +- (+„ْ4َ&) .‫ه‬./ْ%ِ2َ .2
Which kind of verb is the one in parentheses?
a. hollow
b. defective
c. assimilated

.‫ ِر‬.Iَ2 ‫ إ Œ ا‬0
ِ َ4 ‫ِْ ا‬C ./ِg
َR +- َِA‫ذا‬v‫ُ ا‬IََC .3
The sentence may imply that .......
a. the radio station is closer to my house
b. the radio station is past my house and the airport
c. the radio station is located between my house and the airport

.ِC.% ‫ ا‬c‫ر‬.F ‫ت‬

ِ .. +- َُTْ
ِX ‫ ا‬Qِ )ِ َ‫ْ ه‬0َ-Mَ َA .4
The band played:
a. indoors
b. outdoors
c. in the Opera House

.ِCْ v‫ِ ا‬Fَ

َ% ‫ َر ِة ا‬.Uَ .F (.ً gَ) ٌَ4َْ%ُC ./ُ&‫ َذ‬.ْ ‫ُأ‬ .5
:‫ ه‬
ِ َ َT  َ َF + ‫َِ ا‬2ِَ„ ‫ف ا‬
ُ ‫ُ
ا ِد‬C
.ً.‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ 
ً ْ%ِ- .‫ب‬ .ً2ِL‫ دا‬.‫أ‬

.ٍَ/َ>ِF ‫ْي‬%َF ‫َْا َد‬F َِ%ِC.E ِْC َ2ِR.- +َgَj ْ0َE

 َpَ& .6
The sentence implies that:
a. I graduated after my friend
b. my friend graduated after me.
c. we graduated at the same time.

.ًَ-.pَ ŒXَ‫ آ‬،.$ِE‫َو‬Mِ ‫َ

َأ ُة‬2 ‫ْ ا‬0َ .T .7
:+‫إ َذنْ ه‬
161
‫ف ُآَ‪ُy‬‬
‫ت‪ُ
ِ ْ%َ& b .‬‬ ‫أ‪ُ>ِF ٌَ4َْ%ُC .‬آِ‪ ِy‬ب‪ُ ُ ِgَْ/َ& .‬آَ‪ُy‬‬

‫\ ‪. .........‬‬
‫س ‪ +-‬أ‪ِ َ4َ>ِF .ً َ/َ .g
ْ-‬‬
‫‪َ َA B‬دٌ آَ‪ ِْC ٌ
4‬ا ‪ِ ./‬‬
‫َ‪ُ َْ$‬‬ ‫‪.8‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫أ‪ُ .ْYv‬ر ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫‪q‬‬
‫ت‪ .‬ا 
‪ِ ْT‬‬ ‫'‬
‫ب‪ .‬ا‪,‬آْ ِ‬ ‫أ‪ .‬ا ‪َِA.َ2‬‬

‫‪.+‬‬
‫‪ 5‬ا َ‪] /َR‬‬
‫ه ‪ +- .$ََF.T )ُ ْ/ُC .$ِF ٌ\َْ%ُC‬ا ‪ِ ََْ2‬‬ ‫‪.9‬‬
‫إ َذنْ ه ‪:b‬‬ ‫‬
‫ت‪Mَ .‬ورُه‪.‬‬ ‫ب‪
َ ْ„َ .‬هُ‪.$‬‬ ‫أ‪.$N4ُِ .‬‬

‫ق‪.‬‬
‫‪َْF‬ا ُد ‪ +- ٍَ/َC .........‬ا ‪
ِ%‬ا ِ‬ ‫‪.10‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬
‫أ‪ُ .ْYv‬ر ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫ت‪ .‬أآْ‪
ُ َ4‬‬ ‫ب‪ .‬أآْ‪ُ
َ َ4‬ة‬ ‫أ‪ .‬آَ‪
َ 4‬ةٌ‬

‫\ )ا ‪.(َ sْ>َ2‬‬
‫‪.E‬ري ‪N ُِ b ٌqْpَP‬‬ ‫‪.11‬‬
‫ ه‪:+‬‬ ‫ ‪ِ َ َT‬‬
‫ف ا „َِ‪ َِ2‬ا ‪َ َF +‬‬
‫‪
ُC‬ا ِد ُ‬
‫ت‪ .‬ا ‪َ ْ N‬ر‬ ‫ق‬
‫ب‪ .‬ا ُ‪َ g‬‬ ‫\‬
‫أ‪ .‬ا ا‪َ ِE‬‬

‫َر‪ً .َ ./ِgَaِ .َE‬ة زَو‪ً َ %َ ًE‬ة‪.‬‬ ‫‪.12‬‬

‫' ا ُ‪ َِْ2‬ه‪:‬‬ ‫ع ِ‪ِ ْ%ِX‬‬
‫‪ َُj‬ا ‪ِ .Uُ2‬ر ِ‬
‫ت‪+Eْ
َ .‬‬ ‫ب‪Eْ
َ .‬‬ ‫أ‪.Eْ
َ .‬‬

‫‪ْ/ِA c‬ي ‪+َP‬ءٌ ‪. .........‬‬

‫‪ َِRْ
ُGِ 0‬ا ‪ِ .Iَ2‬ر إ‪َ َ ُy‬‬
‫‪ُ ْُT‬‬ ‫‪.13‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬‫أ‪ُ .ْYv‬ر ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫ت‪ٌ\َْ%ُC .‬‬ ‫ب‪/ْ2َC .‬عٌ‬ ‫أ‪ٌ5gَ:ُC .‬‬

‫‪.ٌr
َC ُy,‬‬ ‫' َ‪َ +„ْ4‬‬ ‫ن ا ‪َ ْX]I‬‬
‫‪B‬أ‬
‫‪ َP b‬‬ ‫‪.14‬‬
‫' ا ُ‪ َِْ2‬ه‪:‬‬
‫ع ِ‪ِ ْ%ِX‬‬
‫‪ َُj‬ا ‪ِ .Uُ2‬ر ِ‬
‫‪+‬‬
‫ت‪َ „َF .‬‬ ‫ب‪.„َF .‬‬ ‫أ‪Œ„َF .‬‬

‫ف ‪. ............‬‬
‫ن ‪ ..........‬ا ‪ِ .-]M‬‬
‫إ‬ ‫‪.15‬‬
‫‪162‬‬
 :‫\ ه‬ ُ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
ٍِL.A - َُْXَ .‫ت‬ ٌِL.A – ََْXَ .‫ِً ب‬L.A – َِْXَ .‫أ‬

.+
] Fَ
َ% ‫ ا‬Hِ َ .% ‫ ا‬+- ٌَT (َِL.% ‫ََ ا‬IِF‫ن )ا
ا‬
 ‫ِ ُ أ‬gَْ%َ& +‫ه‬ .16
The phrase between parentheses means

a. family ties
b. the Arab family
c. the Arab World

..‫َا‬$ ‫ ا‬Qِ )ِ َ$ِF ‫ن‬

َ َ
ْXََ +َE‫دي وزَو‬b‫ن أو‬  ‫ أ‬Nُ‰‫َأ‬ .17
:ُ ِaْT‫ َأ‬،ً‫ا‬XَA
‫ن‬
َ َAْMََ .‫ت‬ ‫ن‬
َ 4]&
َ َُ .‫ن ب‬ َ Fِ
َْgََ .‫أ‬

.‫ق‬
ِ ‫ِ
ا‬% ‫ ا‬+- ِ َ ‫ ا‬dِ ْ1َ ‫ت ا‬ ِ ‫ا‬gْ%َِF ٌَ ْGَC .$Nُ‫( آ‬.N َ‫)أ‬ .18
:‫ ه‬
ِ َ َT  َ َF + ‫َِ ا‬2ِَ„ ‫ف ا‬ ُ ‫ُ
ا ِد‬C
Hُ َ .% َ‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ ‫ق‬
ُ
َ ِX َ‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ج‬
ُ ‫ ِذ‬.2/ َ‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

.‫ل‬
ِ ِْv‫ْ ُ) ا‬/ُC Qِ ِ ََF +- ........ ‫ك‬ َ ./ُ‫ْ ه‬0َ>َ ُy‫َْادي أ‬4 ‫ ا‬./ُ4ِ.j ‫ل‬
َ .T .19
:‫\ ه‬ ُ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
ٍَ. .‫ت‬ ٌَ. .‫ب‬ ًَ. .‫أ‬

.Hِ َg ‫ق ا‬
ِ ‫ِ
ا‬% ‫– ا‬
ِ ‫ر‬.& +- +
K .T ‫ع‬ ٍ
] َGُC .......... ‫ ه‬+ N ِF.4 ‫ ا‬+F‫را‬2ُ .20
:‫\ ه‬ ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
‫ى‬T‫ أ‬.‫ت‬
ُ َ$ْP‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ب‬
ُ
َ ْ…‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

.
َ َ4َp ‫ َ
ِة ا‬a ‫َ
َِ ا‬g ‫ ا‬+- ‫س‬
ِ ./ ‫' ا‬ ُ‫ آ‬dَ ِ2َ .21
:Hُ‫ن ه‬
ِ ‫إ َذ‬

 ]> ‫َا ا‬gَ .‫ت‬
 ]> ‫ا ا‬A‫ أذا‬.‫ب‬
 ]> ‫ا ا‬-َ
َA .‫أ‬

.‫ ِر‬.Š‫َِ ا‬gَIْ/ِC +- 'ِ َ2َ%ِ .......... Qُ َ ْ/ِA .C .22

:‫\ ه‬ ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬

163
 ٌ
ْ%ِP .‫ت‬ ٌ0ْT‫ َو‬.‫ب‬ ٌَT.R .‫أ‬

.H
َ‫ آ‬+gَj Hُ„َ ........... ْ‫ أن‬+ ‫َا‬2ْ ‫إ‬ .23
:‫ ٍر ه‬.ْY‫' ا‬
ُ َUْ-‫َأ‬
Œg ‫ أ‬.‫ت‬
َ ‫ َأ&َ َ)آ‬.‫ب‬ ‫َ ] َم‬T‫ ُأ‬.‫أ‬

.‫ي‬
] Mَ‫َ
ْآ‬2 ‫ق ا‬
ِ N> ‫\ إ Œ ا‬
َ َ‫ أنْ َ)ْه‬+َِL.A‫ و‬.‫ج أ‬
ُ .َْ .24
The person is talking about the need to go to:
a. the mall
b. the store
c. the market

‫(؟‬b
ً gْ%َC‫ و‬.ً gِIْ/َC) ِ َ َ ‫ف ا‬
ُ
N َaَ& ‫ن‬ َ .‫هَ'ْ آ‬ .25
:‫ ه‬ ِ َ َT  َ َF + ‫ َر ِة ا‬.4ِ% ‫ف ا‬
ُ ‫ُ
ا ِد‬C
b
ً 4ْgَC .‫ت‬ .ً-‫ْ
و‬%َC .‫ب‬ .ً4
َ… .‫أ‬

164
 Reading Exercise ‫ ا>اءة‬2B=D

Read the following words, phrases and sentences into your tape recorder, then listen to them.
Give the tape to your teacher to check your performance:

‫ِذآْ
ى‬ 5
ُ ]Xَpُ '
ُ %ُ +]/َُ B
َ َ‫ه‬
ٌ‫َهب‬C ٌ‫ٌ أْم‬aْpَP ٌ s>َC ٌَT.R
ٌg C ٌ‫ِ َ
ق‬- + l Fَ
َA ٌ5gَ:ُC + l .T ٌ‫َ ]
ع‬GُC ‫ف‬
ِ .-]M ‫ ََُ ا‬
–
ُ ‫ار‬a ‫ ِء وا‬.UَX ‫ ا‬ ُ ُXُ c
ِ L
‫ْ ُ
ا‬aَT + N >L
‫ن ا‬
ِ ‫ ِز‬.pَ2 ‫ق ا‬
ُ 
ِ/َRَ ‫` ا‬ِ ِL.َ ‫ ا‬5
ُ ََْC ٌَ2َT ٌ‫ َرة‬Iْ ‫ُأ‬ َِA‫ذا‬v‫ُ ا‬IََC

.َِ2َ ‫ن ا‬ ِ /ُX ‫ آُِ ا‬+- ‫ َذ ًة‬.ْ ‫ُ ُأ‬yُ&َ ِ ‫' وا‬

ُ َ2ْ%ً&
.–
ِ ‫ار‬a ‫ ِء وا‬.UَX ‫ ا‬ ِ ُXُ>ِ ‫ج‬
ُ ‫ ِذ‬.2َ 5
ِ ََْ2 ‫ ا‬+-
.‫َْا َد‬F َِ/َC ِ›َ ‫ َو‬+- ِT‫ِ
ا‬% ‫َِ ا‬A‫ذا‬,‫ُ ا‬IََC dُ َgَ&
.+
] %4I ‫– ا‬ ِ ‫ر‬. ‫ ا‬5 ِ ََْC ‫ َر ِة‬.Mِ +]Xَj ‫ب‬ ُ   ُR \ َ َ‫َذه‬
.`
َ ْGَC‫ق ِد‬ ِ ‫ ِد‬./َ-
ِ 4‫ أآ‬+- +َgَj ‫ف‬ ِ .-ِ‫ْَُ ز‬Xَ ْ0َ.‫آ‬
.c
ِ ْC‫ن َََ َأ‬َ ‫ن َ„ْ
ا‬ َ .‫ُ آ‬y, َ ‫] َ
ٍة‬Y9ُC ٍَA. Œَ +Xَ1 ‫ َم‬.
.ِْ‫ه‬,‫ب ا‬ ِ ْ
َ ‫ِاَِ ا‬F ' َ ْ4َT ‫ت‬
َ ‫َ
و‬F َْA ٌَ2َE ٌ‫ت‬.
‫ ذِآ‬+
.ِyY‫ج أ‬ ِ ‫ْَِ زَوا‬Xَ +- ‫ح‬ َ .4a ‫Œ Œ ا‬/َ…‫ و‬q َ َTَ‫ب ور‬ َ
ِ َP‫' و‬ َ َ‫َأآ‬
.ِ/َRَ ‫` ا‬
ِ ِL.َ ‫ ا‬5 ِ ََْC +- َْj, َ ‫ا‬+ ] „
C,‫ ْ ِر ا‬N ‫ََ ا‬pْ>ُ .َْ‫ه‬.P
.ِ.: ‫َ
َْَِ ا‬2 ‫ ا‬+- .ً FُR ./ُ‫ آ‬.Cَْ/ِA .‫ه‬./ْGَT.‫َ
َ و‬C> ‫ َر َة أْ„و ا‬Iْ ‫ ُأ‬.‫َ
أ‬T

Unit #9 (9) ()‫

ة ر‬,-‫أ‬
Havely Taylor still remembers the story of a letter her friend Faruq Ali wrote to someone he
knew. Faruq was then a high school student. He had written the letter and was anxiously
waiting for a reply.

165
 ‫أ ‪َ Na‬ر ُة ا ‪َُ َُ2‬‬
‫‪ +‬ا ‪.4NU‬طِ‬ ‫‪N  88‬‬
‫‪َْF‬ا ُد – أ َ‪$ْ2‬رُ ا ‪
ِ%‬ا‪ُT‬‬
‫‪N2ُ& 14‬ز ‪1965‬‬
‫\ ‪.2َE‬ل‬ ‫‪ +]2َA‬ا َ‪َ 4‬‬
‫‪.B‬‬
‫‪ B‬وا > ُم ‪َ ََA‬‬ ‫ت ا ‪َ .4ُ2‬رآَُ َ َ‬‫أَ ‪ُ .‬‬
‫' إ Œ َي‬
‫‪ r‬إ Œ ا ‪.X]G‬ءِ‪ ،‬وا ‪ُ ْX]I‬‬ ‫ع إ Œ ا ‪.2‬ءِ‪ ،‬وا ‪ُ 
َ2‬‬ ‫ق ا ‪M‬رْ ُ‬ ‫‪ B‬آَ‪ُ .ْGَ .2‬‬ ‫ق إ َ َ‬‫إ]‪ +‬أ‪ُ .ْP‬‬
‫‪ B‬ا ‪.Hِ ِ .4‬‬
‫‪ B‬ا َ‪ َِ2‬و َو‪َ ِ$ْE‬‬‫ ‪ِ aِF +َ-ْ
ُ… َ›ِL.‬ر&ِ َ‬ ‫\ أنْ أُز] َ‬ ‫ُأ‪ .ِy]C‬إ]‪ُ +‬أِ ‪N‬‬
‫‪ i‬و‪َ
َF‬آ‪.ُyُ&.‬‬‫وا > ُم ‪ Hُ„ََA‬و َرْ‪ َُ2‬ا ِ‬
‫‪q‬‬
‫أ ‪ُ ِْpُ2‬‬
‫‪.-‬روق ‪+A‬‬

‫‪166‬‬
 ‫‪.-‬روق ‪ +- ٌ\ِ .R +A‬ا >‪ َِ/‬ا‪ُ,‬و Œ ‪ ِْC‬ا ‪ َِَْ
َ2‬ا ‪ ِْC ُyَ ،َِI] َ َُ2‬ا ‪َ
2ُ%‬أَ َ ‪
َ َGَA‬‬
‫' وا ِ ُ ُ‪ .ً IِF.1 Q‬آَ‪ً
4‬ا ‪+-‬‬ ‫ت‪ُ َ2ْ%َ .‬‬
‫‪ٍ ./َF c‬‬
‫‪ ..ًC.A‬وه ‪ُ ِْC‬أ ْ َ
ٍة َ‪ ََُ .$‬أو‪ٍ b‬د و‪ُ ْ2َY‬‬
‫‪.0‬‬
‫‪َ +‬ر‪ٍ َF ُF‬‬ ‫‪َ .+‬أ‪ُ .C‬أ‪َ $َ- ُyNC‬‬ ‫™ ا ‪
ِ%‬ا‪] T‬‬ ‫ا َ ِ‬
‫' رِ ‪ َ ْ%َF ًَ .‬أنْ‬ ‫' ‪.-‬روق ‪ َ-.‬ا ‪
ْuَ2‬وفِ‪ ،‬ا )ي َر َ َ‪َ j ِyََA H‬ر َة َ‪ُ ِ2َْ& ٍَC.2‬‬ ‫‪َ َF‬‬
‫‪َ .E Œَ 5‬ء دَو ُر ُ‪.Q‬‬ ‫ع إ Œ دا‪ِ
َ ِL‬ة ا ‪ .ِ 
َ4‬إَْ‪ +-
َ َu‬ا ‪] a‬‬ ‫َو‪ ِy- dَ َ1‬ا ‪.Iِp‬بَ‪َ H ُ ،‬أ ْ َ
َ‬
‫‪ +]2َA . ،ً.4َْ
َC -‬أ‪َ- .F‬زي!‬
‫ل ا ا ِِ؟‬ ‫‪ُ . 5‬‬ ‫ ‪.-‬روق‪ .‬آَ َ‬ ‫‪ -‬أهْ ً‬
‫ي‪.‬‬
‫ن ‪ +-‬ز‪َ .‬ر ٍة إ Œ ‪ dَ َC „ C‬ا َ‪ ِ ْ-‬ا ‪]
َ„ْ>َ%‬‬ ‫‪ .
ٍ َpِF -‬ه اŠ َ‬
‫‪ َِC> .F dُ ِEْ
َ -‬إنْ ‪َ .P‬ء ا‪.i‬‬
‫‪ً
ْ„ُP -‬ا ‪!+]2َA .‬‬
‫‪.C -‬ذا &ُِ\‪N‬؟‬
‫‪ -‬أُر ُ ‪ ٍ] َE ٍَ . ِ
ِ .ً %َF.R‬إ Œ ‪.
َ ْaَC‬‬
‫ك ‪َ
ْaِC +- ٌ`َj‬؟‬ ‫‪ ..ً >ْِ- 15 -‬هَ'ْ ‪َ َ ْ/َA‬‬
‫‪ 5‬ا ‪.C ِ 
َ4‬زِ ً‪..‬‬ ‫ل ‪ُ ‰َ C‬‬ ‫ ‪َ 9‬‬
‫‪ ،b -‬هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬رِ ‪.+]2َ%ِ ٌَ .‬‬
‫‪2َC B‬د ‪
َ ْaِC +-‬اŠنَ؟‬ ‫‪َ N2َA -‬‬
‫‪ ،b -‬هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬رِ ‪ +]2َ%ِ ٌَ .‬اŠ‪.
َ َY‬‬
‫ن َ‪ .ً 2َA ُy‬واًِا ‪ُy/ِ„َ ،ْ›َgَ-‬‬ ‫فأ‬ ‫ف ‪.- ََِL.A‬روق ‪ً]َE‬ا‪ .‬آَ‪ُ
ِ ْ%َ .2‬‬ ‫‪ 5‬ا ‪ُ
ِ ْ%َ ِ 
َ4‬‬‫ن ‪ُ ‰َ C‬‬ ‫آ‪َ .‬‬
‫ آ‪.‬ا ‪ +-‬اِْ‪ِ .u‬ر دَو ِرهِ‪ .H‬أ‪Qُ .IْA‬‬ ‫س اŠ‪َ 
َY‬‬ ‫ن ا ‪َ ./‬‬ ‫ َ‪ 9Gَ ْH‬أنْ َ>َْ‪ +-
 ِ2‬ا‪ِ .>ْXِْ v‬ر ‪ ,‬‬
‫ل‪:‬‬
‫ا ‪ َ ْ%َF dَ َF.I‬أنْ َأ‪ )َ َY‬ا ‪ ،ََ2:‬و‪َ .T‬‬
‫‪ِ +Cَ ْ¨]َF -‬ا ِ ِ ‪ُ %َ .Cِْ/ِA‬د ‪.َِC> .F‬‬
‫‪!i‬‬
‫‪ -‬إنْ ‪َ .P‬ء ا ُ‬
‫' أنْ ُْ‪َ- +- ِyg‬هَِ‬ ‫ك و َو‪ dَ َ1‬ا ‪ ŒA dَ َF.I‬ا ‪
ْuَ2‬وفِ‪َ ْ4َT ُyَ4َT H ُ ،‬‬ ‫ك ‪.-‬روق ا ‪َ .4NG‬‬ ‫&َ َ
َ‬
‫‪ٌَْ
َ- ُyَ4ْَT
ُ ُ2َْ& .ًAِ
ْ>ُC 0‬‬ ‫' ‪ Œ/ْ4َC‬ا ‪.A .ِ 
َ4‬دَ إ Œ ا ‪ِ َ4‬‬ ‫‪ِ َYَْC َ ْ/ِA +‬‬ ‫ق ا
‪] C.YN‬‬ ‫ا ‪ْ/Na‬و ِ‬
‫ن ‪
َ َُC‬د]دًا ‪ََ-.pَC‬‬ ‫ َ„ِ‪ ُy/‬آ‪َ .‬‬‫آَ‪
َ 4‬ةٌ‪ +-
َ „َ- َْgَ .‬آِ‪ َِF.‬هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬ا
] ‪ َِ .‬إ Œ ا ‪.2َE H] َ%‬ل ‪َ )ُ ْ/ُC‬ز‪ٍ َC‬‬
‫ن ‪+-‬‬ ‫ح ‪ِ َْj َْA‬ر ِ‪ َُ . ]
.- .Q‬اŠ َ‬ ‫ن هَ‪ .ً 2‬آَ‪ً
4‬ا ‪ َْT‬اْ‪M‬ا َ‬ ‫ب‪ 9َ ِF
َ َ%َP .‬‬ ‫‪َِF Œuَْ b‬ا ٍ‬ ‫َأ ‬
‫ع ‪.]2ِC‬‬ ‫ح ‪ ،.$ِF‬و َ‪ +&9‬ا ‪َ Na‬ر ُة ا ‪َ
َ ْ 9F َُFْIَ2‬‬ ‫‪ .$ِg
َR‬إ Œ ا ‪.2َE H] َ%‬ل‪  ُF b .‬أَ‪ُ
َ ْXََ ُy‬‬
‫ََ َ‪!dُ T‬‬
‫\‬
‫ت َ‪َ ِ%َ& Œَ ،ُy‬‬ ‫ع ا ‪ٍ .F.IِY َْA ِ 
َ4‬‬ ‫ل ‪] َ C‬ز َ‬ ‫‪َ .j‬ر هَ ‪.- HN‬روق ا َ‪ N+C‬ه أنْ َ>‪َ 9‬‬
‫ن ‪.-‬روق َ‪
ُ ِuَْ/‬رِ ‪
َ… ََ .‬ا ٍم ‪ٍ َ %َF ٍَ44َ ِْC‬ة!‬ ‫ت ‰َ‪َ ُy/ِC .ً/‬أ ‬ ‫ع ‪ ِْC‬ا‪.>ْXِْ v‬را ِ‬ ‫ا ‪] َ 2‬ز ُ‬

‫‪167‬‬
 ‫ل ‪ٍ +َP‬ء َأ‪ِyِF Qُ
َ َ4ْY‬‬ ‫ن أ و ُ‬
‫و‪َ .Cَْ/ِA‬ر‪ dُ َE‬وا ِ ُ ُ‪ِ ِْC Q‬رْَِ‪ ِy‬إ Œ ‪ُ َ ْ%َF „ C‬أ ْ‪ ،َِA4‬آ‪َ .‬‬
‫ َو َ َ ُ‪Q‬‬‫‪.-‬روق ه ‪ َaِT‬ا
] ‪ َِ .‬إ Œ ا ‪.2َE H] َ%‬ل‪ .‬إ‪ Hَ َ>َْF‬ا ا ِ ُ ‪ٍ .
ْ4ْ„ِF‬ء وه ََْ‪ُ ِu‬‬
‫' ا „َ ِم‪.‬‬ ‫ن ‪َ َT ِyَِ%4َIِF‬‬ ‫ا‪,‬آْ‪ َْgَ- ،َ
َ4‬آ‪َ .‬‬
‫ك &ُ
ا ِو ُد ‪.-‬روق‪ُ .‬ر‪َ ِgُ- .2F‬تْ ا
] ‪َُ .‬‬ ‫‪
 َC‬تْ ُِ أ ‪ dَ F.‬و َ‪ ْ'ِaَ ْH‬ا 
‪N‬د‪ََF .‬أتْ ا ‪ُ „NG‬‬
‫‪ُ .ِ 
َ4 .F‬ر‪َ
َT .2F‬أ ا ‪.2َE HN َ%‬ل ا
] ‪ ََ .‬و َ‪ُ .ُyْ4ِْ%ُ& ْH‬ر‪ .2F‬ه ‪ْGَC‬لٌ ‪َ .ْP9F‬ء َأهَ ‪ ِْC H‬ا 
]د‬
‫' ا >„ْ
َ& ُ
‬ ‫‪ ŒA‬رِ ‪.- َِ .‬روق ‪ُ !+A‬ر‪
ُ -َ ََ& b .2F‬أ‪ْA‬ادٌ آ‪ ِْC ٌَ-.‬ا ‪ِ Na‬ر‪ُ .‬ر‪َ .2F‬أ…ْ‪َ َX‬‬
‫ص ا
] ‪ ََ .‬أو رَ‪.C‬ه‪ًْ2َA .‬ا ‪ ِَ +-‬ا ‪َ2ْ$ُ2‬تِ‪ُ ،‬ر‪ .2F‬و ُر‪ .2F‬و ُر‪!.2F‬‬ ‫ا ‪N .p‬‬
‫ن ا ‪.2َE H َ%‬ل ََ ُ
‪N‬د ‪.ِyِF.IِY ŒA‬‬ ‫ َأ ‬
‫ن َ‪ً ْ%ِ- ُ ِgَْ%‬‬‫ت ‪ٍ .>َC‬ء إنْ آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫ل ‪.-‬روق وا ِ َ ُ‪ Q‬ذا َ‬ ‫ ‪َ 9‬‬
‫' ‪ .ً aْpَP‬رِ ‪ُ ًَ .‬أ‪
ْY‬ى ‪ِ +-‬رْَِ‪ ِy‬ا ‪ِ .g‬د‪ َِC‬إ Œ ‪َ ْ%َF
َ ْaِC‬‬ ‫‪ ُyَ9َْ2َR‬ا ا ِ ُ ‪ُ ِ2ََْ ُy9َ F‬‬
‫ي ‪+-‬‬ ‫\ ‪ ِ 
َF‬ا ‪.g‬هِ َ
ِة ا ‪ْ
َ2‬آَ‪] M‬‬ ‫' ‪ِ َْ„َC +-‬‬ ‫ق ا
 ‪ِ ِL.‬‬ ‫‪ ،َِ
ْ$َP‬و ََ‪ْ/ُj +- ِyِ>ْXَ/ِF .$ُ%َU‬و ِ‬
‫ك‪.‬‬
‫َ ِم و‪ ِyِ j‬هُ‪َ ./‬‬
‫‪
gِF b‬ا َء ِة ‪ِaِT‬‬ ‫ن ه ‪ً ْGَC‬‬ ‫ت ‪.4َj‬حٍ‪ .2َ/َF ،‬آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫ن ‪ُ ْ0َE
َ َY .Cَْ/ِA .ً2uَA ُyُ
َ َ-‬أ‪ ُyNC‬ذا َ‬ ‫آ‪َ .‬‬
‫ ‪ َ%ِF‬ا ‪ْgَ4‬وة‪َْgَ- ،‬‬ ‫‪ +‬أرِْ>‪ 0‬هَ‪َ¦/ِ2‬ي‪ .‬آ‪َ ْ0َ.‬اه‪ِ ََpIَُC .‬‬ ‫– وا ‪]
ِ "
ُ َْ4‬وا‪] L‬‬ ‫"ا ‪ُ G‬‬
‫‪:‬‬‫ع ا ‪ 
َ4‬وه َ‪ُ
ُ„ْG‬ه‪ً ِL.T .‬‬ ‫ت ‪] َ C‬ز ِ‬ ‫ن‪.- َdِ2َ .‬روق ‪َ َj‬‬ ‫ن ا ‪َ
ُ ْ$G‬ر‪َ .UَC‬‬ ‫آ‪َ .‬‬
‫‪.ُyْ/َA b‬‬ ‫‪ً َ َF 0‬‬‫‪ً
ِC.A Hُ„ََF i‬ا! أ‪ .‬أَ‪ُ َUC‬‬ ‫'ا ُ‬ ‫‪َ َ%َE -‬‬
‫ل‬
‫ل اْ‪ُ .u‬ر ُ‪ Q‬و‪ ُyَََ-‬وهَ
َو َ‬ ‫‪ 0‬إ‪ُ ِ›ْF‬أ‪ ِy]C‬ا ‪
ْuَ2‬وفَ ا „َ‪
َ 4‬ا )ي ‪َ .R‬‬ ‫‪.- 5‬روق ‪ِ َْ& ِْC‬‬ ‫&ََ‪َ g‬‬
‫‪c‬‬
‫ن آَِ‪ ِyِ&.2‬ا ‪ ََFْ)َ%‬أ‪ ْ0َ4َْA‬ا
‪َ L‬‬ ‫ف آَ‪  ُF b .ٌHََA .$9‬أ ‬ ‫ع وا ‪َ Na‬ر ُة ‪ُ
ِ ْ-
َ ُ& Qِ ِ َ +-‬‬ ‫ ِ‪ِ .G‬ر ِ‬
‫‪ B‬ا ‪َ Na‬ر ِة ا ‪.َِ َُ2‬‬ ‫ل &ِْ َ‬
‫‪F
َ َC9َ -‬رْ ‪ِ .‬‬
‫‪ُyُ-
ِ ْ%َ c‬‬ ‫ن ا
‪َ L‬‬ ‫ل ِ‪ ِyِLCُM‬إ ‬ ‫و‪ +-‬ا َ ِم ا ‪َ + .‬أ‪ )َ َY‬ا ‪َ Na‬ر َة ‪ ُyَ%َC‬إ Œ ا ‪َ َْ2‬ر َِ‪َ .T .‬‬
‫` ‪Qُ ./َA‬‬ ‫' ‪َ j ُy‬ر ًة ‪
َ َpَ .ًَ َُC‬ا َ َ ُ ا َرُ‪ ،‬ا )ي &َ‪ُ ُI/‬‬ ‫‪ .ً aْpَP‬و ِ‪)َ$‬ا ‪9ِF Qُ Mَ َC‬نْ أر َ َ‬
‫ت‬
‫‪]
 .F b‬د ‪ِ .F.IِY ŒA‬‬ ‫‪ً ْGَC c‬‬ ‫ن ا
‪ُ L‬‬ ‫‪ ِْC ،]
G .F‬هَ)ا ا‪v‬د]‪ِ .A‬ء وا َْ‪
َ َ„ْ/‬أنْ َ„ َ‬
‫ب‬
‫‪ c‬إذًا ‪ٍ .IِpِF‬‬ ‫‪ ُyَ t‬ا
‪ُ L‬‬ ‫‪ُ َ%ْ4َ 5‬‬‫‪.- c‬روق َْ‪ ..ً2‬آَ َ‬ ‫ك ‪ِ ِXَ +-‬‬ ‫ا‪,‬و‪ِ b‬د! َ‪َ َْg‬أ َ
تْ ا ‪ُ „NG‬‬
‫ف ‪ 4َA‬ا َ‪ŒA £ِ-. H‬‬ ‫ب ا ‪
ْ%َ2‬و ُ‬ ‫ن ا ‪َ .2َ/َF ،ُdT‬ر د ا ‪ُ
ِ ْIُ2‬‬ ‫‪ B‬آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫‪4ْIَC‬عٍ‪ ،‬وآَ َ) ِ َ‬
‫` ‪ ]›َpِF ،]
G .F Qُ ./َA‬ا َ ِ‪.‬‬ ‫ب ا َ َ ِ ا َرِ‪ ،‬ا )ي &َ‪ُ ُI/‬‬ ‫‪ِ .IِY‬‬
‫ع‬
‫‪ً َ َE 5‬ة ‪ِ  ِْC‬‬ ‫ َ‪
َ ََ ْH‬ددْ ‪.-‬روق هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬ا ‪
 َ2‬ةَ‪ ŒUَ2َ- ،‬إ Œ ا ‪ َِ4َْ„َ2‬وا‪
َْP‬ى ‪.uَC‬ر َ‬
‫' ‪.ِyَ/َA‬‬ ‫ع &ُ‪ُ ]َu‬‬‫\ و َ‪ ِْC ٌَF.‬ا ‪ِ CN‬‬ ‫ا ‪ ِ 
َ4‬ا َي]‪ ،‬و‪َََF‬أ َ„ُْ ُ‬
‫\ ‪.2َE‬ل‬ ‫‪ +‬ا َ‪َ 4‬‬ ‫‪َ ]2َA‬‬
‫‪ B‬ه ا )ي‬ ‫ ‪َ ِ4َْ„َC +-‬‬ ‫ن أَ َ ا ‪َ X‰َ 2‬‬ ‫‪
gَ& ْHَ B‬أْ رِ ‪ +َ .‬أو &َ ُ
د ‪ ،.$A‬وأ ‬ ‫هَ'ْ ‪ ٌhَj‬أ َ‬
‫'‬
‫‪ B‬ا َ‪َ 2‬‬ ‫\ أنْ أرى ‪َ IَY‬‬ ‫ل ا َ َ ُ ا َرُ؟ إ]‪ُ +‬أِ ‪N‬‬ ‫‪ t‬ا ‪Na‬رَ‪ ،‬آَ‪ُ gَ .2‬‬ ‫' وَ‪ُ َ%ْ4‬‬ ‫َ‪ُ
g‬أ ا
 ‪َ ِL.‬‬
‫' ا ‪َ Na‬ر َة‪.‬‬ ‫' َ ٍم آَ‪ُ .2‬أ‪ُ ]4َT‬‬‫‪ ُyُ]4َT9ُ-‬آُ ‬
‫ف‪.‬‬ ‫و‪ ْ0ََF‬دُ‪ ُyُAC‬ا ‪
ْuَ2‬و َ‬
‫‪168‬‬
Questions about the text /0‫ل ا‬-, 45#‫أ‬
a. Answer the following questions:
‫ل؟‬.2َE H] َ% ‫ِ إ Œ ا‬yَِ . ِ‫ ر‬+- ‫روق‬.- \ َ ََR ‫ذا‬.C .1
‫ٍَ؟‬Aْ
ُ>ِF .$ََA ‫د‬N
 ‫ َء ا‬.E ْ'َ‫ ه‬.2
‫روق؟‬.- ‫ت‬ ِ ‫را‬.>ْXِ ‫\ ا‬ ِ َ4َ +- ِ 
َ4 ‫ع ا‬ ِ ‫ َ ]ز‬C ‫ي‬ ُ ‫ ه رأ‬.C .3
‫ َِ؟‬. 
‫َْ ا‬A ‫روق‬.- َaِT ِ 
َ4 ‫ ا‬5 ُ ‰َ C ‫ق‬ َ  َj ْ'َ‫ ه‬.4
‫ل؟‬.2َE H] َ% ‫َْ ا‬A ِyِLَCMُ ِ ‫روق‬.- ‫ل‬ َ .T ‫ذا‬.C .5
‫ِ؟‬yِ‫ا‬Y‫َْ ُ
إ‬j‫روق ه َأ‬.- ‫ن‬  ‫ٌ َأ‬hَj ْ'َ‫ ه‬.6
‫َ َةً؟‬E َِ . ]
‫ِ„ْ َ
ُة ا‬- ْ0َ.‫ هَ'ْ آ‬.7
.ً ْj‫ أ‬.$َِF.ِ‫ آ‬+- ‫روق‬.- ‫ذا &َ َ
د َد‬.2ِ .8
‫روق؟‬.- ُ ِ ‫' وا‬ ُ َ2ْ%َ ‫ذا‬.C .9
‫هْ َ
ةِ؟‬.g ‫ إ Œ ا‬Qِ
ِ َXَ ُ ِAَC ‫ن‬ ُ „َ ŒَC .10

b. True or false? Please rewrite the false sentences in the correct forms:
.‫د‬2َC ِy]2َA Œ ‫ ًَ إ‬. ِ‫روق ر‬.- t َ َ%َF .1
.‫ل‬.2َE H] َ% ‫\ ا‬ ِ َْ„َC +- ‫روق‬.- ‫م‬N ‫' ُأ‬ ُ َ2ْ%َ& .2
.‫ل‬.2َE H] َ%ِ ‫روق‬.- َِ . ِ‫' ر‬ َ ْ4َT ‫ب‬
ِ
ِ ْIُ2ْِ ‫ َُ ا َ َ ِ ا َ ِر‬. ِ‫ْ ر‬0َ.‫ آ‬.3
..ًaْpَP ‫روق‬.- ‫ف‬ ُ
ِ ْ%َ ُy,
َ ََ َُ2 ‫ َر َة ا‬Na ‫ل ا‬.2َE c ُ L
‫ ا‬t َ َ%َF .4
.b
ً gْ%َC .ًsَP ‫ل ا َ َ ُ ا َ ُر‬ َ .T .5
.‫
ًا‬:َ‫ آ‬Hُ َ„ََ ِyَِ%4َIِF ‫روق‬.- ُ ِ ‫ وا‬.6
.‫روق‬.Xِ
َ 4َ„ ‫ف ا‬ َ ‫ْ
و‬uَ2 ‫َ
 ِ ا‬4 ‫ ا‬+A. ŒIْA‫ َأ‬.7
.‫ت‬ٍ ‫َا‬Y‫ أ‬c ُ ْ2َY‫ن و‬ ِ ‫َا‬Y‫روق َأ‬.Xِ .8
.َِِL.%ِ
ُ َْj,‫ ا‬ ُ ْFv‫روق ه ا‬.- .9
.‫ن‬
َ .UَC‫ْ ِ
َر‬$َP َِ‫ِا‬F +- ‫ب‬ َ .Iِp ‫روق ا‬.- t َ َ%َF .10

Functional Expressions 4َ6ِ78‫رات ا‬:ِ6‫أ‬

B
َ َ ‫ق إ‬
ُ .ْP‫ أ‬+]‫إ‬ I miss you

169
+N Cَ ‫ُ ا‬yN2َ‫ه‬ his daily worry
‫ َُ …َ
ا ٍم‬. ِ‫ر‬ love letter
ِ َ ‫ ا‬N›َY hand writing
0
ٍ َF ُF‫َر‬ housewife
.‫ب‬ٍ ‫َِا‬F Œuَْ b  ‫ََ َأ‬-.pَC For fear that he would not get a response.
+N C.YN
‫ق ا‬ ُ ‫ْو‬/Na ‫ا‬ the marble box
'ِ ِL. 
‫ق ا‬ ُ ‫ْو‬/ُj mail box
..$ِF ‫ح‬ ُ
َ ْXََ ُy‫ُ  َأ‬F b Certainly, he will be happy with it.
ُy/ِC .ً /َ‰ (he) believing that
.dُ Tَ ََ .]2ِC ‫ع‬َ
َ ْ 9F Faster than what he would expect.
!‫ِ
ًا‬C.A Hُ„ََF i ُ ‫'ا‬ َ َ%َE May Allah fill your house with riches!
.‫ت‬ِ َ2ْ$ُ2 ‫ َِ ا‬+- ‫ًْا‬2َA .‫ه‬.Cَ‫ ر‬He purposefully tossed it in the trash can.
‫ ٍء‬.>َC ‫ت‬ َ ‫ذا‬ one evening
ِ 
َ4 ‫ ا‬+A. / ‫ع‬ ُ ‫ َ ]ز‬C mail carrier
.‫' ا „َ ِم‬ َ َT ِyَِ%4َIِF ‫ن‬ َ .‫آ‬ He was by nature of a little talk.

Vocabulary List ‫ ا=<دات‬4=7)

ٌ‫ُ„ك‬P – B l َP doubt/s
.ً2َْ certainly
‫ن‬ ُ .Iِ – ٌ›ِL. wall/s
ٌ‫ء‬.XِP recovery
ٌ‫َزرْع‬ plant
ٌ‫ْ ِ
ب‬IُC singer, entertainer
ٌَ& greeting

l َP evil
ٌ‫دَور‬ role, turn
5l َj row, line
ٌَC.2َ dove
ٌ-. edge
ٌَ‫َه‬- opening, slot

170
5 ُ ‫ر‬.uَC – ٌ‫ْ
وف‬uَC envelope/s
ٌْ-‫َو‬ delegation
ٌdTَ& signature
ٌ‫ع‬Cُ‫ٌَ – د‬%ْC‫َد‬ tear/s
ٌ‫ْ َوة‬gَF Baklava (ME dessert)
ٌَA dough
ٌ›ْF‫إ‬ armpit
ٌَْ
َ- happiness
ٌ\ْَT heart
ٌ‫َي‬ female’s breast, utter
ٌ‫َْر‬j breast/chest
ٌ‫ْاد‬A‫َ َدٌ – أ‬A number/s
ٌَ%4َR nature
‫ ُء‬.
ْ4ِ‫آ‬ pride
ٌَ-.pَC fear
‫ف‬ ُ
ِ ْ-
َ ُ flaps
' ُ ]َuُ shades
dُ Tَ ََ expects

ُ -َ ََ be available

` ُ ُIْ/َ utters, pronounces
Œuَْ attains, obtains
 ُ ]‫ُأ َز‬ I decorate
Œ ‫ق إ‬ ُ .ْP‫َأ‬ I miss someone

َ َpَ to scoff, sneer, ridicule
Mَ َC to discriminate, select
‫ل‬َ ‫هَ
َو‬ to jog
'َ َF to moisten
Œg َ‫أ‬ to drop, throw
'َ 4َT to kiss
َ َuَْ‫إ‬ to hug
‫ح‬َ ‫ا‬Mْ‫إ‬ to move aside

171

َ َ2َ… to flood
‫&َ َ
د َد‬ to be hesitant
‫ن‬َ 9َ ْ2َR ْ to assure

َ َ„ْ/َْ ‫إ‬ to protest
5َ gََ& to snatch up
ŒUَC to go
ْ¨]َF convey, tell (imperative)
ٌ‫م‬.Yُ‫ر‬ marble
ٌ‫…َر‬ jealous
ٌ‫َُ َ
]دد‬C hesitant
ٌHِ .F smilingly
ٌ
ِC.A blessed
ٌ‫ ِزح‬.C jokingly
ٌ‫ع‬4ْIَC printed
ٌ–IَُC stained, covered with
ْ9Gَ ْHَ He didn’t want

4ُ "ََ6‫ ُر ا‬-Y8‫أ‬ The Arabic Calendar

1. ‫َُ
م‬C
2.
َXَj
3. ‫ول‬, َ ‫ ا‬dُ Fَ‫ر‬
4. +.: ‫ ا‬dُ Fَ‫ر‬
5. ‫ول‬,‫د ا‬.2ُE
6. +.: ‫د ا‬.2ُE
7. \َE‫َر‬
8. ‫ن‬.4ْ%َP
9. ‫ن‬.UَC‫َر‬
10. ‫َال‬P
11. ‫َْة‬%ِg ‫ذو ا‬
12. ُ ‫ذو ا‬
4ُ B‫د‬Z=‫ ُر ا‬-Y8‫أ‬ The Western Calendar

172
1. +.: ‫ن ا‬.‫آ‬
2. ‫ط‬.4ُP
3. ‫رس‬.C
4. ‫ن‬.>
5. c.C
6. ‫
ان‬Mُ
7. ‫ز‬N2ُ&
8. ‫ ب‬6
9. ‫أل‬
10. ‫ول‬,‫ْ
 ا‬Gَ&
11. +.: ‫ْ
 ا‬Gَ&
12. ‫ول‬,‫ن ا‬.‫آ‬

Grammar ‫دعاوقلأ‬

1. The Active Participle, which can be formed from all transitive and
intransitive verbs, is made on the pattern FAA’IL ٌ'ِA.- for pattern number
one of the Arabic verbs. Examples are:
ٌ'ِC.A – '
َ ِ2َA ٌdِE‫ – را‬dَ َE‫&ِ\ٌ َر‬.‫\ – آ‬
َ ََ‫آ‬
The active participle often functions as an agent noun (one who does the
action).

The writer is in his apartment. .ِyِgَP +- \

ُ ِ&.„ ‫أ‬
Under certain linguistic conditions , the active participle can be used as a
verbal adjective.
A fasting man ٌHِL.j ٌ'ُE‫َر‬
2. The Passive Participle is formed from transitive verbs on the pattern
MAF’UUL ٌ‫ل‬%ْXَC , for pattern one the Arabic verbs. Examples are:
ٌ‫ع‬2ْ>َC - dَ ِ2َ ٌ‫ْ
وء‬gَC – ‫َ
َأ‬T ٌ‫ْح‬XَC – h
َ ََ-
The passive participle is often used as an adjective.

The door is open. .ٌ‫ْح‬XَC ‫ب‬

ُ .4 ‫أ‬

173
3. We already know that you can negate the past tense by using the
negation particle .C before the verb as in:
.0
ِ َ4 ‫ هَ)ا ا‬+- +&َ
ْ ‫ْ ُأ‬0َ/َ„َ
.0
ِ َ4 ‫ هَ)ا ا‬+- +&َ
ْ ‫ْ ُأ‬0َ/َ„َ .C
Another way to negate such kind of a verb is by using another negation
particle, ْHَ followed by a verb that has to be in the Jussive Mood.
.0
ِ َ4 ‫ هَ)ا ا‬+- +&َ
ْ ‫ْ &َ>ْ„ُْ ُأ‬Hَ

The jussive mood is based on the Indicative Mood (the regular present
form) with some changes in the terminations. These include the following:
a. The short vowel of the indicative -ُ is replaced by the zero vowel
Sukuun -ْ in final position.
.0
ِ َ4 ‫ هَ)ا ا‬+- +&َ
ْ ‫ْ ُأ‬0َ/َ„َ
.0
ِ َ4 ‫ هَ)ا ا‬+- +&َ
ْ ‫( ُأ‬ُ ُ„ْ>َ&) ُْ„ْ>َ& ْHَ
b. Feminine plurals remain unchanged from the indicative; all other forms
ending in and drop that terminations.

You (s.f.) .ِ 

َ4 ‫ِ َ
ِة ا‬L‫ إ Œ دا‬0
ِ ْ4َ‫َذه‬
.ِ 
َ4 ‫ِ َ
ِة ا‬L‫( إ Œ دا‬ َ 4َ‫ )&َ)ْه‬+4َ‫ْ &َ)ْه‬Hَ
They (m) .Hِ َ%ْIَ2 ‫ هَ)ا ا‬+- ‫ أآَا‬+L.Tِْj‫َأ‬
.Hِ َ%ْIَ2 ‫ هَ)ا ا‬+- (‫ن‬ َ ُ‫آ‬9) ‫آَا‬9 ْHَ +L.Tِْj‫َأ‬

Dual ..2ِ$]C‫ ُأ‬dC .َِ2َA ‫ن‬

ِ .ْ/ِ4 َ‫أ‬

..2ِ$]C‫ ُأ‬dC (‫ن‬

ِ َ2ْ%َ&) َ2ْ%َ& ْHَ ‫ن‬
ِ .ْ/ِ4 َ‫أ‬
(The verbs between parentheses above are in the indicative
basic mood)

Verb Conjugation ‫ل‬6 @‫ ا‬ABCD

The following chart demonstrates a number of Arabic verbs used in this unit
conjugated to singular and plural pronouns for both past and present
indicative tenses.
to go, depart, leave ŒUَC
.َ‫أ‬ 0
ِ ْ‫َأ‬ 0
َ ْ‫َأ‬ +‫ه‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ْ
َد‬Xُ2 ‫ِ
ا‬L.2َ1
174
0
ُ َUَC 0
ِ َUَC 0
َ UَC ْ0َUَC ŒUَC +1.2 ‫َُ ا‬j

ُ  
 ُْ‫َأ‬ Hُْ‫َأ‬ 
 ُ‫ه‬ ْHُ‫ه‬ d2َ ‫ِ
ا‬L.2َ1
./َUَC 
 َُUَC HَُUَC 
َ َUَC ‫َا‬UَC +1.2 ‫َُ ا‬j

to miss, long for ‫ق‬

َ .ْP‫إ‬

.َ‫أ‬ 0
ِ ْ‫َأ‬ 0
َ ْ‫َأ‬ +‫ه‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ْ
َد‬Xُ2 ‫ِ
ا‬L.2َ1
0
ُ ْgَْP‫إ‬ 0
ِ ْgَْP‫إ‬ 0
َ ْgَْP‫إ‬ ْ0َT.ْP‫إ‬ ‫ق‬
َ .ْP‫إ‬ +1.2 ‫َُ ا‬j

ُ  
 ُْ‫َأ‬ Hُْ‫َأ‬ 
 ُ‫ه‬ ْHُ‫ه‬ d2َ ‫ِ
ا‬L.2َ1
./ْgَْP‫إ‬ 
 ُْgَْP‫إ‬ HُْgَْP‫إ‬ 
َ ْgَْP‫إ‬ ‫ا‬T.ْP‫إ‬ +1.2 ‫َُ ا‬j
to ensure ‫ن‬
َ 9َ ْ2َR

.َ‫أ‬ 0
ِ ْ‫َأ‬ 0
َ ْ‫َأ‬ +‫ه‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ْ
َد‬Xُ2 ‫ِ
ا‬L.2َ1
0
ُ ْ9َْ2َR 0 ِ ْ9َْ2َR 0
َ َْ9َْ2َR ْ0َ9َ ْ2َR ‫ن‬
َ 9َ ْ2َR +1.2 ‫َُ ا‬j

ُ  
 ُْ‫َأ‬ Hُْ‫َأ‬ 
 ُ‫ه‬ ْHُ‫ه‬ d2َ ‫ِ
ا‬L.2َ1
.9َ ْ2َR   ُْ9َ ْ2َR Hُْ9َ ْ2َR ‫ن‬
 9َ ْ2َR ‫َا‬9ْ2َR +1.2 ‫َُ ا‬j

to drop, throw Œgْ ‫َأ‬

.َ‫أ‬ 0
ِ ْ‫َأ‬ 0
َ ْ‫َأ‬ +‫ه‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ْ
َد‬Xُ2 ‫ِ
ا‬L.2َ1
+gْ ‫ُأ‬ 
َ gْُ& +gْُ& +gْُ& +gْُ ‫رِع‬.Uُ2 ‫َُ ا‬j

ُ  
 ُْ‫َأ‬ Hُْ‫َأ‬ 
 ُ‫ه‬ ْHُ‫ه‬ d2َ ‫ِ
ا‬L.2َ1
+gْُ 
َ gْُ& ‫ن‬
َ gْُ& 
َ gْُ ‫ن‬
َ gْُ ‫رِع‬.Uُ2 ‫َُ ا‬j
to kiss '
َ ‫ـ‬4َT

.َ‫أ‬ 0
ِ ْ‫َأ‬ 0
َ ْ‫َأ‬ +‫ه‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ْ
َد‬Xُ2 ‫ِ
ا‬L.2َ1
'
ُ ‫]ـ‬4َT‫ ُأ‬ َ ‫]ـ‬4َgُ& '
ُ ‫]ـ‬4َgُ& '
ُ ‫]ـ‬4َgُ& ' ُ ‫]ـ‬4َgُ ‫رِع‬.Uُ2 ‫َُ ا‬j

ُ  
 ُْ‫َأ‬ Hُْ‫َأ‬ 
 ُ‫ه‬ ْHُ‫ه‬ d2َ ‫ِ
ا‬L.2َ1
'
ُ ‫]ـ‬4َgُ َ ْ‫]ـ‬4َgُ& ‫ن‬
َ ‫]ـ‬4َgُ& 
َ ْ‫]ـ‬4َgُ ‫ن‬
َ ‫]ـ‬4َgُ ‫رِع‬.Uُ2 ‫َُ ا‬j
to expect dَ Tَ َ&

175
 .َ‫أ‬ 0
ِ ْ‫َأ‬ 0
َ ْ‫َأ‬ +‫ه‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ْ
َد‬Xُ2 ‫ِ
ا‬L.2َ1
dُ Tَ َ&‫َأ‬ 
َ %Tَ ََ& dُ Tَ ََ& dُ Tَ ََ& dُ Tَ ََ ‫رِع‬.Uُ2 ‫َُ ا‬j

ُ  
 ُْ‫َأ‬ Hُْ‫َأ‬ 
 ُ‫ه‬ ْHُ‫ه‬ d2َ ‫ِ
ا‬L.2َ1
dُ Tَ ََ 
َ ْ%Tَ ََ& ‫ن‬ َ %Tَ ََ&  َ ْ%Tَ ََ ‫ن‬ َ %Tَ ََ ‫رِع‬.Uُ2 ‫َُ ا‬j
Drill #1 ‫ ا@ول‬2B=‫أ‬
Use the words and phrases in the Vocabulary List in good sentences.

Drill #2 ّG‫ ا‬2B=‫أ‬

.ِy]C‫ي ُأ‬
َ َ dُ َ1ْ
َ ‫ وه‬
ِ ْC,.F '
ُ ْX]I ‫ُ ُ
ا‬%ْGَ .1
:dُ َ1ْ
َ ‫إ َذنْ ه‬
‫ ًء‬.C .‫ت‬ .ً4َ .‫
ًا ب‬aَA .‫أ‬

.ٌ‫ْ
وف‬%َC ٌ'َE‫ َر‬+gَj ُ ِ ‫وا‬ .2
:+‫َُ ه‬-‫ُ
ا ِد‬2 ‫َُ ا‬X]a ‫أ‬
ٌHِ .F .‫ت‬ ٌ
ِC.A .‫رٌ ب‬$ْGِC .‫أ‬

..$ِE‫ك زَو‬ ِ ُ ‫ل‬ َ َ .‫ك &ُ

ا ِودُه‬ُ „NG ‫َ ََأتْ ا‬F .3
:‫ك‬
َ ./ُ‫إ َذنْ ه‬
ٌَِ„ْGُC .‫ت‬ ٌَْ
َ- .‫ٌَ ب‬%ْC‫ َد‬.‫أ‬
.َِ‫ ِ
آ‬G ‫ُ ِ
ا‬C Œ ‫ إ‬.ً F.IِY 0 ُ :َ%َF .4
:
ُ ِuَْ‫ أ‬.‫إ َذنْ أ‬
‫رًا‬.>ْXِْ ‫ إ‬.‫ت‬ ‫ …َا ًء‬.‫ب‬ ‫ َر دًا‬.‫أ‬

. ........... ََِL.A ِ 

َ4 ‫ ا‬5
ُ ‰َ C ‫ف‬
ُ
ِ ْ%َ b .5
‫ل‬.2َE H] َ% ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ ‫زي‬- +F‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ ‫روق‬.- +F‫ أ‬.‫أ‬

.‫ل‬
ِ ْv‫ب وا‬ ِ
َ ‫و وا‬Mَ ‫\ ا‬ِ َ4َ>ِF ‫ ُم‬.%I ‫ ُ
ا‬-َ ََ b .6
:‫ْَِ ه‬2ُ ‫' ا‬ ِ ْ%ِXِ ‫ف‬ُ ‫ُ
ا ِد‬2 ‫' ا‬
ُ ْ%ِX ‫أ‬
‫ف‬
ُ
ِ ْ-
َ ُ .‫ت‬ ُ َE .‫ب‬ '
ُ ]َuُ .‫أ‬

176
 ‫&َ‪ ./َِgَaِ .//َ2‬ا ‪ِ Mَ Mَ%‬ة ِرْًَ َ‪ً َ %‬ة‪.‬‬ ‫‪.7‬‬
‫ف ه‪:‬‬ ‫ل ‪ ِyِF‬ا ‪
ُ2‬ا ِد ُ‬
‫أ ‪ُ %Xَ2‬‬
‫ت‪َ- .‬هًَ‬ ‫ب‪َ .‬د‪ًَ%ْC‬‬ ‫أ‪ً
َ ْXَ .‬ة‬

‫‪ْIَC‬بٌ ‪4ْIَC /‬عٌ ‪

ِ ْIُC /‬بٌ‬ ‫‪.8‬‬
‫?‪One of the words is unlike the other two. Which‬‬
‫ت‪
ِ ْIُC .‬بٌ‬ ‫ب‪4ْIَC .‬عٌ‬ ‫أ‪ْIَC .‬بٌ‬

‫ع ‪ +A. /‬ا ‪ ِ 
َ4‬إ Œ ‪.ِyَِF‬‬ ‫\ ‪] َ C‬ز ُ‬ ‫‪َ / ŒUَC‬ذهَ َ‬ ‫‪.9‬‬
‫' ا ُ‪ َِْ2‬ه‪:‬‬ ‫‪ِ ْ%ِXِ c‬‬
‫' ا ‪.%ُ2‬آِ ُ‬ ‫أ ‪ُ ْ%ِX‬‬
‫ت‪
َ َpَ .‬‬ ‫ب‪Mَ َC .‬‬ ‫أ‪َ .‬ر‪dَ َE‬‬
‫ع ‪ ./َِgَj‬آ‪.ًَ2uَA ْ0َ.‬‬ ‫‪ِ Eُ
ِF ./َُْ
َ-‬‬ ‫‪.10‬‬
‫أ ‪َ .4ِ%‬ر ُة ا ‪
ُ2‬ا ِد‪ َُ-‬ه‪:+‬‬
‫ت‪َ .‬د‪./َُ%ْC‬‬ ‫ب‪./َُ%4َR .‬‬ ‫أ‪َ .%َ .‬د&ُ‪./‬‬

‫\ ا ‪.2َE H] َ%‬ل‪.‬‬
‫َأْ‪ +A.
َ َU‬ا ‪ِ َْ„َC ِْC ............ ِ 
َ4‬‬ ‫‪.11‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫أ‪ُ .ْYv‬ر …َ ُ
ا ‪ِ ِ ./2‬‬
‫ت‪َ .‬د‪ًَ%ْC‬‬ ‫ب‪
ْuَC .‬و‪.ً -‬‬ ‫أ‪ .‬رِ ‪ًَ .‬‬

‫‪.c‬‬
‫ب ‪َ .>َC‬ء َأ‪ِ ْC‬‬
‫' َو‪ َِC„ُ ُ ْ-‬ا‪ِ ِgْv‬‬
‫َو‪َ َj‬‬ ‫‪.12‬‬
‫ك‪:‬‬
‫ن هُ‪َ ./‬‬
‫إ ِذنْ ََ„ ُ‬
‫ت‪.2ِ .F .‬تٌ‬ ‫ب‪.CْpَC .‬تٌ‬ ‫أ‪.XُC .‬وَ‪.1‬تٌ‬

‫‪4ْ ,‬عَ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ t‬رِ ‪ ًَ .‬إ Œ ُأ ْ

َ&‪ +‬هَ)ا ا ُ‬‫‪9 .F‬آ ِ َ‪ُ َ%ْF9‬‬ ‫‪.13‬‬
‫ف ه‪:‬‬ ‫ف ا ‪
ُ2‬ا ِد ُ‬ ‫أَ ‪ُ ْ
u‬‬
‫ت‪.ً2َْ .‬‬ ‫ب‪َ .‬أْ‪.ً.‬‬ ‫أ‪ .‬دا‪.ً2ِL‬‬

‫ن أَ‪. .......... ....... Qُ F‬‬

‫ب إ Œ ا ‪.2َE H] َ%‬ل ‪ .Cَْ/ِA‬آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫‪.- t‬روق ا ‪َ .Iِp‬‬
‫‪َ َ%َF‬‬ ‫‪.14‬‬
‫ت‪„ْ َC .‬‬ ‫ب‪ +- .‬ا ‪.g‬هِ ِ
ِة‬ ‫أ‪َF +- .‬ا َد‬

‫‪ r‬ا „َِ‪.2‬تِ‪.‬‬
‫` ‪َ ْ%َF‬‬
‫‪N ,‬م ‪ٍ  gِF .$َْXِR‬ة ‪َ َIَ .Cَْ/ِA‬‬
‫إَْ‪ ْ0َ/َu‬ا ُ‬ ‫‪.15‬‬
‫‪177‬‬
 :‫ف ه‬ ُ ‫ُ
ا ِد‬2 ‫' ا‬
ُ ْ%ِX َ‫أ‬
dَ Tَ َ& .‫ت‬ Hَ َ„َ& .‫ب‬
َ -َ َ& .‫أ‬

.‫ب‬
ِ ‫َا‬4 ‫ َ
إ Œ ا‬4َ„ ‫ف ا‬
َ ‫
و‬uَ2 ‫َ
 ِ ا‬4 ‫ ا‬+A. ŒIْA‫أ‬ .16
:‫ ه‬cُ ِ‫آ‬.%ُ2 ‫' ا‬
ُ ْ%ِX َ‫أ‬
'
َ َ4ْT‫ أ‬.‫ت‬ Œg َ‫ أ‬.‫ب‬ )َ َY‫ َأ‬.‫أ‬

.Qِ ‫َْ ِر‬j َْA

ُ 4َ„ ‫ ا‬HN َ$ ‫ل ا‬
َ ‫ا‬Mْ‫إ‬ .17
:‫ ه‬c ُ ِ‫آ‬.%ُ2 ‫' ا‬
ُ ْ%ِX َ‫أ‬
‫ن‬
 9َ َ2ْR‫ إ‬.‫ت‬
َ َ„ْ/َْ ‫ إ‬.‫ب‬ ‫ إزْدا َد‬.‫أ‬

.
َ ْ$G ‫ هَ)ا ا‬+َِL.A ِْC ‫ْ
ى‬Y‫ ٌَ ُأ‬. ِ‫ ر‬+/َْَj‫َو‬ .18
:‫ف ه‬ُ ‫ُ
ا ِد‬2 ‫' ا‬
ُ ِA.X َ‫أ‬
ٌ‫ب‬.IِY .‫ت‬ ‫ ُء‬.
ْ4ِ‫ آ‬.‫ب‬ ٌَ-.pَC .‫أ‬

‫َُ؟‬% ‫ ا‬ َ َ‫ أ‬،ًَِL.T .$َْ/ِF ‫م‬N ,ُ ‫ْ ا‬0َ 9َ .19

..........
ُ „َXُ& b ِ ‫آ‬9 .F +‫ه‬

ِ aَ% .F .‫ت‬ Mِ ْ4ُp .F .‫ب‬ ‫ْ َو ِة‬gَ4 .F .‫أ‬

. .......... c
ِ ْC‫ َأ‬+/َْَj‫ َو‬+ ‫ َُ ا‬. ]
‫ْ ا‬0َ.‫آ‬ .20
:‫\ ه‬ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر …َ ُ
ا‬.ْYvَ‫أ‬
ِ َ ‫َ›] ا‬pِF .‫ت‬ .ً pIَُC .‫ب‬ ًَA4ْIَC .‫أ‬
.ً‫َ„] َ
ة‬4ُC .$ِP‫ِ
ا‬- Œ ‫ْ إ‬0َ4َ‫َ َ)ه‬- ،َ‫َ
ة‬a ‫ ا‬.$َْ/ِF ‫م‬N b
ُ ‫ْ ا‬0َ/َuَ‫إ‬ .21
:‫ف ه‬ ُ ‫ُ
ا ِد‬2 ‫' ا‬
ُ ْ%ِX َ‫أ‬
ْ0َUَ2َ- .‫ت‬ ْ0َ„‫َـ‬4َ- .‫ب‬ ْ0َ‫ا‬Mْ.- .‫أ‬

ٌ\ْَT .22
This word can be related to one of the following options. Which?
ٌَ .‫ت‬ ٌ‫َْر‬j .‫ب‬ ٌyْE‫ َو‬.‫أ‬

. ................ ِْC ‫ ا َ َ ِة‬5

ِ ‫ر‬.u2 ‫ِْ ا‬C ‫ََدًا‬A 0
ُ 
َْP‫إ‬ .23
178
 :‫\ ه‬ ُ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ ُر ا‬.ْYv‫أ‬
c
ِ L
‫\ ا‬
ِ َْ„َC .‫ت‬ ِ 
َ4 ‫ع ا‬
ِ ‫ َ ]ز‬C .‫ب‬ ِ 
َ4 ‫\ ا‬
ِ َْ„َC .‫أ‬

ِ ‫وا‬M ‫ ا‬+- ٌ‫َُ َ

]دد‬C +gَj ‫ذا‬.2ِ ‫ف‬
.َ: ‫ ا‬+ ‫ُ ا‬y‫ َأ‬Hَ ْ…‫ج ُر‬ ُ
ِ ْA‫ أ‬b .24
:+‫آِ>َُ ه‬.%ُ2 ‫َُ ا‬X]a َ‫أ‬
ٌ]‫آ‬9َُC .‫ت‬ ٌ‫ْل‬GَC .‫ب‬ ‫ع‬
ُ 4ْIَC .‫أ‬

ْHَ / c
َ َ / .C .25
One of the options is unlike the other two. Which?
ْHَ .‫ت‬ c
َ َ .‫ب‬ .C .‫أ‬

Drill # 3 HG‫ ا‬2B=ّ‫أ‬

a. Underline and specify the Active and Passive Participles in the

following sentences.
.
ٍ ْ$َP ‫ل‬
َ ِY ‫ب‬ ِ .Iِp ‫\ ا‬ ِ ِ&.‫َُ إ Œ آ‬FْIَ2 ‫ َر ُة ا‬Na ‫ ا‬+&9َ .1
.‫ف‬
ٍ ‫ْ
و‬%َC ‫ب‬ ٍ
ِ ْIُC ِْC ٌ‫ب‬.IِY ‫' ِ َ َ ِ ا َ ِر‬ َ َj‫ َو‬.2
.‫ت‬
ِ .C.>ِْFv‫ع ا‬ ُ ‫ُ  َ ]ز‬y‫ َأ‬Hَ ْ…‫ ُر‬.ًCَ ِ 
َ4 ‫ع ا‬
َ ‫ َ ]ز‬C
ُ ِuَْ‫ أ‬b .‫ أ‬.3
.‫ َ
ٍة‬:َ‫ َء آ‬.P9F ‫ن‬ ِ bْGَC 0 ِ َ4 ‫ُ ا‬F‫ِَِ و َر‬L.% ‫ب ا‬N ‫ َر‬.4
..ًA4ْIَC .ًF.IِY .$َ ‫ إ‬t َ َ%َF ‫' ا )ي‬ َ ِ ‫ُ
ا‬2 ‫ف ا‬ ُ ِ
ْ%َ& b .5
!+E‫ِ ِ زَوا‬AَC َْA .ًِ‫ز‬.C
ُ ِ-.>ُ2 ‫ ا‬+gَj +/َ 9 .6

b. Vowel the following sentences.

.yY‫ أ‬Fv ‫رة‬j ‫ أث‬y&
‫ إ Œ أ‬y . ‫ ر‬+- \R .1
.5
] a ‫رج ا‬.Y 0 ‫ وه
و‬.$C‫  ز‬C ‫ب‬.„ ‫ ا‬0Xg& .2
.dF. ‫  أ‬C
:‫آ‬, y . ‫Œ ر‬A ‫ل ا
د‬j‫
و‬u‫ إ‬.3
‫؟‬/2 ‫ ا‬Q)‫ ه‬+- 
4 ‫„\ ا‬C ‫ أ‬-
%& '‫ ه‬.4
.‫>م‬F yF Œ ‫د إ‬gX2 ‫ ا‬ygj F‫د إ‬% ‫ أن‬y&j +- i‫ ا‬.A‫ د‬.5
.‫ح‬.4a ‫
ة ا‬E +- H .% ‫ر ا‬.4Y‫
أ أ‬g ‫ة وه‬$g ‫
ب ا‬G ‫ \ أن‬.6

179
c. Rearrange the following words to make good sentences.
.‫َُ َ
د]دًا‬C ‫ 
]د‬.F b  ‫ َأ‬.$َ ‫َِ إ‬F.ِ„ ‫ ا‬+- ََ-.pَC Œuْ‫ أ‬0 ُ ْ/ُ‫ آ‬.1
.‫ن‬
ِ ‫ ا 
ا‬0 ِ ْ/ِF ُ ِgَْ%َ َaِT  َ َF‫ُ …َ
ا ٍم و‬yَ/َF ‫ك‬ َ ./ُ‫ن ه‬  ‫ َأ‬.2
‫؟‬0 ِ َ4 ‫ ا‬+- َِ-
ُ ‫ ا‬+- Hِ َg ‫ ا‬.$ْ&
َ َE9 ‫ ا‬.$َ%َC .$َُCَ‫ ز‬+ ‫ ا‬ ُ ُ„ْ>ََ ْ'َ‫ ه‬.3
‫ُ
ٌَ؟‬C‫ٌَ و‬%ِ ‫ وا‬.$‫ َأ‬Hَ ْ…‫ِ ُر‬g]G ‫ ا‬Qِ )ِ ‫ ِر ه‬.sِْ ‫ ا‬+- ‫َُ َ
]ددَون‬C Hُْ‫ذا أ‬.2ِ .4
.‫ع‬
ِ ‫ر‬.G ‫ ا‬+ ] >L
‫ِٌ ا‬IُC ٍَgَIْ/ِC ŒA ٌَ-
ُP ‫ ْ َ
ِة‬, ُ ‫ٍَ ا‬L‫ ِد‬.‫ٌَ ه‬%ِ ‫ وا‬0ِ َ4ِ +- .5

Drill #4 I"‫ اا‬2B=‫أ‬

Please choose the correct options and explain WHY.
.ِyْEَ ‫ ا‬Hُ ِ .F ٌ
َj ٌَ ‫هَ)ا َو‬ .1
:‫ن‬
َ „َ ْ‫\ أن‬
ُ َِ ْ‫إ َذن‬
‫َُ َ
د]دًا‬C .‫ت‬ .ً/Mَ .‫ب‬ ‫ًا‬%َ .‫أ‬

.‫ِ ًا‬E ......... .$َE‫ن زَو‬

,َ ٌَ/Mَ .$‫ف َأ‬
ُ
ِ ْ%َ .2
:‫\ ه‬ ُ ِ ./ُ2 ‫' ا‬ِ ِA.X ‫ ا‬Hُ ْ ‫إ‬
ٌ‫ …َر‬.‫ت‬ ٌHِ .F .‫ب‬ ٌ‫ْ ِ
ب‬IُC .‫أ‬

.‫ِ ًا‬E ٌ'2َE Hُ َg ‫ ا‬.......... ‫ل‬

ُ .:2] ‫هَ)ا ا‬ .3
:+‫َِ ه‬4ِ ./ُ2 ‫َُ …َ ُ
ا‬X]a ‫أ‬
‫ع‬
ُ 4ْIَ2 ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ –
ُ Iَُ2 ‫ ا‬.‫ب‬ +
N C.YN
‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

. ........... ْ0َ.‫ آ‬.$,َ ُyََE‫ زَو‬َ ِsْ2َIُ ْ‫' ُأن‬ ُ ُE

 ‫ َولَ ا‬. .4
:+‫َِ ه‬4ِ ./ُ2 ‫َُ …َ ُ
ا‬X]a ‫أ‬
‫َُ َ
]د َد ًة‬C .‫ت‬ ‫آ] َ ًة‬9ُC .‫ب‬ ًَgِَT .‫أ‬

. ........... .$ُ-
ِ ْ%َ َِ%ِC. ‫ ا‬c
ُ Lَ‫ر‬ .5
:‫\ ه‬ ِ ِ ./ُ2 ‫ف …َ ُ
ا‬
ُ ْ
u ‫أ‬
.ً /َ‰ .‫ت‬ 
ً ْj‫ َأ‬.‫ب‬ .ً aْpَP .‫أ‬

.+
] Cَ ‫ِ ا‬yِَ2َA ِْC ِ 
َ4 ‫ع ا‬
ُ ‫ َ ]ز‬C ........ .6
:‫\ ه‬ ُ ِ ./ُ2 ‫' ا‬
ُ ْ%ِX َ‫أ‬

180
 ‫\‬
‫ت‪َ ِ%َ& .‬‬ ‫ل‬
‫ب‪ .‬هَ
ْ َو َ‬ ‫'‬
‫أ‪َ َF .‬‬

‫' َ ٍم‪.‬‬

‫‪ +‬أنْ َ‪M‬و َر ‪ ُyََgَj‬آُ ‬
‫‪َ .j‬ر هَ‪ ُyN2‬ا َ‪ C‬‬ ‫‪.7‬‬
‫إ َذنْ ه‪:‬‬
‫ َ‪.$‬‬
‫ت‪ُ ]Mَ ُ .‬‬ ‫ق َ‪.$‬‬
‫ب‪ُ .ْGَ .‬‬ ‫‪.$َ h‬‬
‫أ‪ُ ِ4aُ .‬‬

‫‪. ......... Œuَْ& b‬‬ ‫‪َ ََ-.pَC ُyَ%َC t‬أ ‬

‫آ‪]
َ َُC ْ0َ.‬د َد ًة ‪ +-‬ا َ ِ‬ ‫‪.8‬‬
‫أَ ‪َ .4ِ%‬ر ُة …َ ُ
ا ‪ َِ4ِ ./ُ2‬ه‪:+‬‬
‫ت‪ِ .
ْ4ِ„ْ .F .‬ء‬ ‫ب‬
‫ب‪َ .F .‬ا ِ‬ ‫أ‪]
 .F .‬د‬

‫‪.i‬‬
‫' ‪ ََ-.pَC ..........‬ا ِ‬
‫ه ‪ُ َ2ْ%َ b‬‬ ‫‪.9‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫ل ‪ ِyِF‬ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫أ ‪ُ %ْXَ2‬‬
‫ت‪ .‬ا ‪َ ْa‬ر‬ ‫ب‪ .‬ا ‪
 G‬‬ ‫أ‪ .‬ا ‪
َ َp‬‬

‫' ‪ً.C.A 150‬؟‬

‫ب ‪ +- .........‬ا ‪.g‬هِ َ
ِة ‪َ ْ4َT‬‬
‫ ا „ِ‪ُ .‬‬
‫أَ َ‬ ‫‪.10‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬‫ل ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫إ ُ‪ H‬ا ‪ِ %ْXَ2‬‬
‫ل‬
‫ت‪ .‬ا ‪ُ 4ْgَ2‬‬ ‫ع‬
‫ب‪ .‬ا ‪ُ 4ْIَ2‬‬ ‫ل‬
‫أ‪ .‬ا ‪ُ ْGَ2‬‬

‫‪.ٍَAْ
ُ>ِF 0‬‬ ‫ج ا ‪ِ َ4‬‬
‫‪ ...........‬ا َ َ ُ ‪ِ .Y‬ر َ‬ ‫‪.11‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫' ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫أ ‪ُ ْ%ِX‬‬
‫ت‪
َ َ2َ… .‬‬ ‫ن‬
‫ب‪َ 9َ ْ2َR .‬‬ ‫ل‬
‫أ‪ .‬هَ
ْ َو َ‬

‫‪ 5‬ه‪.‬ديءٌ ‪. ...........‬‬ ‫' ‪ +-‬ا ‪ِ ََْ2‬‬

‫‪ +gَj‬ا )ي َ‪ُ َ2ْ%‬‬ ‫‪.12‬‬
‫أ ‪َ .4ِ%‬ر ُة ا ‪ َُ4ِ ./ُ2‬ه‪:+‬‬
‫ت‪ِyِIْFF .‬‬ ‫ب‪ِyِ4ْَgِF .‬‬ ‫أ‪ِyَِ%4َIِF .‬‬

‫‪.ُyْ/َA 5‬‬
‫‪ ُyَْ .T .C c‬ا ‪ُ ُNa‬‬‫' ا
‪ُ L‬‬ ‫‪َ ِ4َT‬‬ ‫‪.13‬‬
‫‪ c‬ه‪:‬‬ ‫' ا ‪.%ُ2‬آِ ُ‬
‫أ ‪ُ ْ%ِX‬‬
‫ت‪َ .‬أ ْ‪Œg‬‬ ‫'‬
‫ب‪َ 4َT .‬‬ ‫أ‪ .‬إ َْ‪
َ َ„ْ/‬‬

‫ف‪.‬‬
‫َر َ َ‪.- H‬روق ‪َ j‬ر َة ‪ ŒA ..............‬ا ‪
ْuَ2‬و ِ‬ ‫‪.14‬‬
‫‪181‬‬
 ‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫أ‪ Hُ ْ v‬ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫ع‬
‫ت‪ .‬ا ‪] َ 2‬ز ِ‬ ‫ب‪ .‬ا َ‪َِC.2‬‬ ‫أ‪ .‬ا ‪dِ َF.I‬‬

‫‪. ............ +- 0‬‬

‫\ إ Œ زَو‪gَ ِyَِE‬لُ‪َ ،‬أْ ِ‬ ‫آََ َ‬ ‫‪.15‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫أ‪ Hُ ْ v‬ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫ت‪َْj .‬ري‬ ‫ب‪+4ْَT .‬‬ ‫ي‬
‫أ‪] َ .‬‬

‫' زَو‪ ُyََE‬أ‪..ً %2َE ./َC.C‬‬

‫‪ ...........‬ا 
‪ُ ُE‬‬ ‫‪.16‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫' …َ ُ
ا ‪ِ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫أ ‪ُ ْ%ِX‬‬
‫‬
‫ت‪ .‬إَْ‪َ َu‬‬ ‫ح‬
‫ب‪ .‬إْ‪M‬ا َ‬ ‫'‬
‫أ‪َ 4َT .‬‬

‫أ ُ‪ َُْ2‬ا ‪ َُa‬ه‪:+‬‬ ‫‪.17‬‬

‫ف‪.‬‬
‫' ‪ y-‬ا ‪
ْuَ2‬و َ‬ ‫ب و‪َ َF‬‬
‫أ‪َ .‬و‪ َ-. dَ َ1‬ا ‪ِ .Iِp‬‬
‫ب‪.‬‬
‫ف و َو‪ ِy- dَ َ1‬ا ‪َ .Iِp‬‬ ‫' ‪ َ-.‬ا ‪
ْuَ2‬و ِ‬‫ب‪َ َF .‬‬
‫ف‪.‬‬
‫ب و َو‪ ِy- dَ َ1‬ا ‪
ْuَ2‬و َ‬ ‫' ‪ َ-.‬ا ‪ِ .Iِp‬‬‫ت‪َ َF .‬‬

‫َأ&َ‪ +َ .pِ Œ/َ2‬ا ‪َ .X]G‬ء ا >

 َ‪.d‬‬ ‫‪.18‬‬
‫إ َذنْ ‪:+َ .Y‬‬
‫ت‪ٌَC.2َ .‬‬ ‫ب‪ٌَU
َC .‬‬ ‫أ‪ٌ-. .‬‬

‫ ُأ‪ .$C‬و&َ
ْ‪. .......... dُ َ1‬‬
‫آ‪ ْ0َ.‬ا ‪ َُْX]I‬ا ‪ُ
َ a‬ة &ََْ‪ُ ِu‬‬ ‫‪.19‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫ل ‪ ِyِF‬ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫أ ‪ُ %ْXَ2‬‬
‫ت‪َْj .‬رَه‪.‬‬ ‫ب‪.$َ4ْَT .‬‬ ‫أ‪.$ََ .‬‬

‫ ا ‪. ..........
] G‬‬
‫ن ‪َ َF‬‬‫ ‪M]َ2ُ b‬و َ‬
‫س ا ) َ‬‫‪ .$ُ4ِْ%ُ b‬ا ‪ُ ./‬‬ ‫‪.20‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫أ‪ Hُ ْ v‬ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫ت‪ .‬وا و ِر‬ ‫ب‪ .‬وا ‪
ِ َp‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫أ‪ .‬وا ‪] a‬‬

‫ج ‪)َ$ِ .ً %َF.R‬ا ‪. .............‬‬

‫َأْ‪ُ .‬‬ ‫‪.21‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫أ‪ Hُ ْ v‬ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫ب‬
‫ت‪ .‬ا ‪ِ .Iِp‬‬ ‫ب‪ .‬ا ‪ِ .X]G‬ء‬ ‫ع‬
‫أ‪ .‬ا ‪M‬رْ ِ‬
‫‪182‬‬
 ‫\ ا
] ‪:ََ .‬‬
‫ن ‪.-
ُ 2ُA‬روق ‪ .Cَْ/ِA‬آََ َ‬ ‫آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫‪.22‬‬
‫ت‪ًَ/َ 13 .‬‬ ‫ب‪ًَ/َ 12 .‬‬ ‫أ‪ًَ/َ 11 .‬‬

‫‪.c‬‬
‫ن ا ‪َ .َ ŒA .......... Hُ ََ%‬ر ِة ا
‪ِ L‬‬
‫آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫‪.23‬‬
‫‪ h‬ه‪:‬‬ ‫' ا ‪ُ a‬‬
‫أ ‪ُ ْ%ِX‬‬
‫ت‪
ُ ُ2َْ .‬‬ ‫‬
‫ب‪ُ ِsْ2َIُ .‬‬ ‫ف‬
‫أ‪ُ
ِ ْ-
َ ُ .‬‬

‫ن إذا ‪ ............ َ َgَ-‬؟‬

‫‪.C‬ذا َ‪ِ .>ْ”ِ Œgَ4‬‬ ‫‪.24‬‬
‫أ ‪َ .4ِ%‬ر ُة ا ‪ َُ4ِ ./ُ2‬ه‪:+‬‬
‫ت‪ُyَ%Tَ& .‬‬ ‫ب‪ .‬دُ‪ُyَAC‬‬ ‫أ‪ .‬آِ‪ُyَL.
ْ4‬‬

‫‪ .$,‬ا‪.ُyَ ْ0َ2َ>َْF‬‬‫آ‪ ْ0َ.‬ا ‪َ ُyَ4ْَT ......... َُْ

َX‬‬ ‫‪.25‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫' ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫أ ‪ُ ْ%ِX‬‬
‫ت‪dُ Tَ ََ& .‬‬ ‫ب‪
ُ -َ ََ& .‬‬ ‫أ‪
ُ ُ2َْ& .‬‬

‫‪183‬‬
 Reading Exercise ‫ ا>اءة‬2B=D
Read the following words, phrases and sentences into your tape recorder, then listen to
them. Give the tape to your teacher to check your performance:

dُ Tَ ََ dُ ِF‫َا‬R ٌ‫…َر‬ ‫ق‬

ُ .ْP‫َأ‬ 
ُ ]‫ُأ َز‬
ٌ‫ر‬.>ْXِْ ‫إ‬ ٌ‫َُ َ
]دد‬C ٌَ%4َR ُ‫ء‬.
ْ4ِ‫آ‬ '
ُ ]َuُ
ٌ] َE ٌَ . ِ‫ر‬ ٌHَْT ٌdَF.R ُِ ‫ْ َ ِة ذو ا‬%ِg ‫ذو ا‬
ِ 
َ4 ‫ق ا‬ ُ ‫ْو‬/ُj ‫ل‬ ُ ‫ و‬,
َ ‫ا‬ ُ 
ْGَ& +.: ‫ ا‬ ُ 
ْGَ& +.: ‫ن ا‬
ُ .‫آ‬
ُ‫د‬2 ‫ ُر ا‬$NG َ‫أ‬ ٌ‫َ َة‬E 5
ُ ‫ر‬.uَC ُFَ
َ% ‫ ُر ا‬$NG َ‫أ‬

.r
َ 
َ2 ‫ ا‬.$َْXِR ‫م‬N , ُ‫ا‬ ُ ِuََْ&
.‫ت‬
ِ .2ِَ„ ‫ ا‬r َ ْ%َF ` ُ ُIْ/َ '
ُ ْX]I ‫َ ََأ ا‬F
.ِyِْY‫ك ُأ‬ ِ ُ ‫ل‬ َ َ Qُ ‫ك &ُ
ا ِو ُد‬ ُ „NG ‫َ ََأتْ ا‬F
.ِyِ&
َ ْ ‫ ِر ُأ‬Cُ9F ٌ‫ْل‬GَC َِِL.% ‫ب ا‬  ‫ن َر‬  ‫ِ ُ َأ‬gَْA‫َأ‬
.‫ف‬
ٍ ‫ْ
و‬%َC ‫ب‬ ٍ
ِ ْIُC ِْC ٌَ . ِ‫ْ ِ َ َ ِ ا َ ِر ر‬0ََj‫َو‬
.
] G ‫َ ِ
وا‬p ‫ ا‬ َ َF ‫ن‬َ ‫و‬M]َ2ُ b Hُ$‫نٌ َأ‬Mِ ُْC ٌ
ْC, ُy‫إ‬
.ٍَAْ
ُ>ِF َُ َُ2 ‫ َر ُة ا‬Na ‫ ا‬+&9& ْ‫ أن‬dُ Tَ ََ ‫روق‬.- ‫ن‬ َ .‫آ‬
.ِ َA4ْ ‫ل ُأ‬ َ ِY ‫هِ َ
ِة‬.g ‫َ
ي إ Œ ا‬Xَ َ ِAَC ‫ت‬ ُ ْ
َ… 5 ِ َ — َ ِ
.‫ َ ٍة‬%َF ٍَ44َ ِْC ‫ ََ …َ
ا ٍم‬. ِ‫ِ ُ
ر‬uَْ/َ ‫روق‬.- ‫ن‬  ‫َ
 ِ َأ‬4 ‫ ا‬+A.   َ‰
.‫ل‬.2َE H] َ% ‫ َر َة ا‬j \ َ ََR ‫روق‬.- .$َgَj ‫ن‬  ‫ر &ََ َ)آ ُ
َأ‬.& +-.‫ْ ه‬0َ ‫ زا‬.C

Unit #10 (10) ()‫

ة ر‬,-‫أ‬
Bengt Johnson was visiting my hometown in southwest Iraq. He read a story in the town’s newspaper. He
liked it and therefore cut it out and sent it to me. The story brought back some old memories, especially about
that microbus which stopped one afternoon in the village where I used to teach. Two people in the microbus
were trying to market their new “wonder detergent”.

184
 ‫\‬
‫ق ا ‪ُ َ%‬‬ ‫أ ‪ُ ْ>َ2‬‬
‫ن ا ْ‪َ َْC) .$ُ2‬ر َُ‬ ‫‪ +&.َ dِ َْIَC +- 0‬ا َ‰‪َ َْC +- .ً 2]َ%ُC ِX‬ر ٍَ ا‪ِْF‬ا‪ ،ٍL‬آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫‪ُ ْِ2َA‬‬
‫ ‪َْA‬‬ ‫ ‪ً C‬‬
‫ا ِ„ْ‪ dُ َgَ& .(َِ2‬ا ‪َ َْ2‬ر َُ ‪ (َ>َ +/َF) َِ
َT +-‬و&َ‪َ ُ ُ%ْ4‬ا ‪َ 
GِA +‬‬
‫' ا ‪ ،َِ .%‬و&ُ›ُ ‪.$ِF‬‬ ‫‪ ،+َ/َC‬ا ‪ dُ َgَ& .ِ
j./‬ا ‪َ َُ
َg‬و ْ›َ …‪ ِْC ٍَF.‬أ‪ِ .ْP‬ر ا ‪ِ p/‬‬
‫ن‬
‫– ‪NَY‬ن(‪َ
َ َ… .‬أ ّ‬ ‫ن َ‪ .$ُ„ُْ2‬إ‪ +A.IْT‬إ ْ‪) ُyُ2‬ا ‪ُ G‬‬ ‫‪ h‬آ‪َ .‬‬
‫‪g‬لٌ وا ِ‪ِMِ ٌَ%‬را‪ َِA‬ا ‪ِ ْ2َg‬‬
‫ا ُ„‪ ََC‬ا َ َ َة ا ‪ +‬ا َْَ‪ ْ0َ2‬ا >‪َ َ َ ْ%َF ََIN‬ر ِة &ُ‪N2‬ز ‪َ .A‬م ‪ ،1958‬ا ‪.T +‬دَه‪.‬‬
‫ وأ‪.$َIْA‬‬ ‫ا ‪ ُ ْ4َA Hُ AM‬ا „َ
‪ ،Hِ .T H‬ا َ َ‪ ŒA ْ0‬أرا‪ dِ 2َE +1‬ا‪َ A.IْT,‬‬
‫– ‪NَY‬ن‬ ‫ك ا ‪ُ G‬‬
‫‪َ
َ َ& .+‬‬
‫ح ا ‪]M‬را‪] A‬‬ ‫ن ا‪ِ ْjv‬‬ ‫\ ‪ِ .T‬‬ ‫ َ‪ْM‬رَ‪ِ ِE2ِF ،.$A‬‬ ‫ ا ) َ‬‫ ِْ‪َ َX‬‬
‫ن‬
‫‪ B‬ا ‪َ َX‬‬ ‫ ‪ ..$ْ/ِC‬وهَ„َ)ا &َ‪َ َ2‬‬ ‫ن ه َأ‪ً ْj‬‬ ‫' إ Œ ‪َْF‬ا َد ا ‪ +‬آ‪َ .‬‬‫ا ‪ ََgَIْ/ِ2‬و َرَ َ‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫ت ا >]‪َ /‬‬ ‫ض ا ‪َ +‬زرَ‪A‬ه‪ .‬هُ‪ ْH‬وأ‪ْE‬ا ُدهُ‪ِ .sِ2ِ H‬‬ ‫‪,‬رْ َ‬ ‫اَ‬

‫‪185‬‬
 ‫ن ‪ .ً 4ِ .R‬و‪ًَ4ِ .R‬‬ ‫' ا ‪ ،َِ
َg‬و‪َ .$-‬ا ‪َ >ْ2َY +‬‬ ‫ن ِْ‪َ َْ2‬ر َِ ‪
َ-‬اشٌ واٌِ ‪َ ِْC‬أهْ ِ‬ ‫آ‪َ .‬‬
‫ن أ‪.A F‬دِل‬ ‫ف ‪ ŒA‬ا َ‪ ٌ
ُC dِ 2‬إ ْ‪ ُyُ2‬أ‪.A F‬دِل‪ .‬آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫ُ َ ]ر ُ‪ ،َ2]َ%ُC َُ>ْ2َY Hُ$‬وُ‪ُ
ِ ْG‬‬
‫ل ‪+- Hٍ ]َ%ُC‬‬ ‫ن َ‪َ ِyَِ„ِF
ُ َpْX‬أ و َ‬‫‪ .‬آَ‪ .2‬آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫' ‪ً 2َE‬‬ ‫ن ‪ِ ْ%ِXْ .F‬‬ ‫‪ َ َP‬ا ‪ ،ِy]IَpِF
ِ ْpَX‬ا )ي آ‪َ .‬‬
‫ا ‪ِ َْ2‬ر َِ‪ $َ- ،‬ا )ي َأ >َ‪ ْ0َ% َ َ& H ُ ،.$‬وازْدا َد ‪ُ َ َA‬د ‪ .$َِ4ََR‬و‪ُ َ ْ%َF ًَ/َ .$2]َ%ُC‬أ‪
ْY‬ى‬
‫ف‪.‬‬‫إ Œ َأنْ اآَْ‪ٍ Xُj َِِ>ِF ْ0ََ2‬‬
‫ب ‪ً
ْaَA‬ا‬ ‫ ُ‬ ‫ف ا ‪ NI‬‬ ‫ن أ‪.A F‬دِل ‪َ +-‬أَ ِ ا‪ِ .,‬م ُ‪ َِِ-b ›َY ُ %‬ا ‪َ َْ2‬ر َِ ‪ َ ْ%َF‬أنْ اْ‪َ
َ َa‬‬ ‫آ‪َ .‬‬
‫‪:ُyْ/ِC 0‬‬‫إ Œ ‪َ َ ْ%َF ُyُْ 9َ .Hِ$ِ&ُF‬أنْ ا‪ُ ْF
َ َْT‬‬
‫ج إ Œ ‪َ َA.>ُC‬ةٍ؟‬ ‫‪ -‬هَ'ْ &َْ‪ُ .‬‬
‫' ‪ٍ .A‬م ‪ )ُ ْ/ُC‬أ‪..ًC.A
َ َGَA +/‬‬ ‫ت أنْ اُ‪ .$IَY َ A‬آُ ‬ ‫‪ً
ْ„ُP ،b -‬ا‪ َ%َ& .‬دْ ُ‬
‫‪ 5‬آ‪ ْ0َ.‬ا ‪ِ4‬اَُ؟‬ ‫‪ -‬آَ َ‬
‫\ إ Œ ‪
ِ ُC‬ا 
‪ َِF‬و‪ .T‬ا "ُ
 ُ ‪َ َْC‬ر ًَ َِ‪Hِ ْ%‬‬ ‫ن ‪ٍ ََIِF‬‬ ‫‪ َ ْ%َF -‬ا ‪َ :‬ر ِة &َ‪ َg‬مَ ا ‪َ َX‬‬
‫س‬
‫ن ا ‪َ2‬ا ِر َ‬ ‫‪َ +Aَ ُy,‬أ ‬ ‫ن ‪َ َْC ./َِْ
َT +-‬ر ٌَ َ‬ ‫ض أنْ &َ„ َ‬ ‫ن ُ‪ِ .%‬ر ُ‬ ‫– ‪NَY‬ن آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫َأ‪ ../ِ .XْR‬أَ ‪ُ G‬‬
‫‪B‬‬
‫ن َذ ِ َ‬‫‪ 5‬واِ ٍ ‪ -‬‬ ‫ت ‪K َj +-‬‬ ‫‪ c‬ا‪َ,‬و‪ُ b‬د وا ‪ُ ./َ4‬‬ ‫ل ا‪َ,‬و‪b‬دِ‪ ،‬وَأنْ َْِ َ‬ ‫&ُ‪َ gُA ُ ِ>ْX‬‬
‫ن‬
‫ل وا ]‪ُ ./‬ر! ُ ‪ H‬إ ‬ ‫– ‪NَY‬ن ه ا ‪ُ .2‬‬ ‫ ا ‪ِ G‬‬ ‫ن د َ‬ ‫ف ‪ً]َE‬ا َأ ‬ ‫ َ‪ُ
ِ ْ%‬‬ ‫! َْ ُ‬ ‫‪+َP‬ءٌ ‪ N ِ1‬ا ] ِ‬
‫\ َ‪َ .‬ر&َ‪ ُy‬ا „‪.‬دك و…‪َ .‬د َر إ Œ ‪َْF‬ا َد‪َ .‬أ‪ ٍَE.ِF ./ُ .XْR‬إ Œ‬ ‫– ‪NَY‬ن ‪َ َْT‬رآِ َ‬ ‫ا ‪َ G‬‬
‫‪َ َْC‬ر ٍَ‪َ
َ ْUَ . ،‬ة ‪
ِ ُC‬ا ‪!Hِ ْ%‬‬
‫ل ‪C‬ا‪:.ًgِ-‬‬ ‫‪ ْHَ$َ4ََR r‬هَ ِ) ِ‪ Q‬ا ‪َ
 َ2‬ة ‪َ .gَ-‬‬
‫ َ‪
َْ ْH‬ؤ ‪
ُ ُC‬ا ‪َ ŒA Hِ ْ%‬أنْ َ
ْ‪َ ُ-‬‬
‫‪ -‬أَ‪َ .‬أ‪ ،ً.2]َ%ُC Hُ„IْA‬و‪ Hُ„ََA‬ا ‪.+T.4‬‬
‫ل ‪َ .‬ر&ِ‪ H َ ،ِy‬ا َْ‪.ِyَِ.„ِ +-
 َ2‬‬ ‫ ُِ‪ َ %‬إ‪َ .%ْP‬‬ ‫‪ 5‬أ‪.A F‬دِل ‪ً َT‬‬ ‫&َ َ‪َ T‬‬
‫‪ 0‬ا ‪ Hَ ]َ%ُ2‬ا )ي َأ‪
ُ ُC Qُ .IْA‬ا ‪!َِ
َgِ Hِ ْ%‬‬ ‫‪ ŒA 0‬و‰‪ َْgَ- +َX‬آَ‪ُ /‬‬ ‫‪ -‬وهَ„)ا َ‪ُ ْَa‬‬
‫\‬
‫ت َأ‪ Hُ$‬آ‪.‬ا ‪ +-‬اِْ‪.u‬ري‪ .‬إ َْ‪ِ ْ
 .F +َ4ْg‬‬ ‫ع ‪ُ َْEَ َ-‬‬ ‫‪ 0‬إ Œ ا ‪ُ َ ْ%َF َِْ
َg‬أ ْ‪ٍ 4‬‬ ‫‪ُ sِE‬‬
‫س َِ‪dِ TَC ِ›Iْp‬‬ ‫‪َِF 0‬و ِر ا ‪ِ ِ ْ/َ$ُ2‬‬ ‫‪ B‬ا ‪ .َِ4َ ./ُ2‬و‪ُ ْ2ُT‬‬ ‫‪َ ْِِF b‬‬‫ف إِْ‪ً .X‬‬ ‫و َذ‪َF‬ا ‪ََA‬دًا ‪ ِْC‬ا ‪
ِp‬ا ِ‬
‫ت‪.‬‬
‫ا ‪َ َْ2‬ر َِ ‪
ِ ْ$َ ِْC .ً4
َT‬ا ‪
ُX‬ا ِ‬
‫ل‪.‬‬
‫‪ ,‬و ِ‬‫‪5‬ا َ‬ ‫ب ا ‪] a‬‬ ‫ ِ‬‫‪
ْY,‬ى ِ‪ ُI‬‬ ‫‪ c‬ا َ ِم &َ ‪ُ ./ِF H‬ء ‪ ،ََِX
َj‬واِ َةٌ ‪ +‬وا ُ‬ ‫و‪ِ ْXَ +-‬‬
‫ ا ‪+- dُ ِL.G‬‬ ‫' وا ‪ ،ِ\َaَg‬وه‪ +‬ا >„َ ُ‬ ‫‪ 5‬ا ‪ِ pَ/‬‬ ‫)أ ‪ َُX
]a‬آخٌ ‪َ .A Œ/4ُ ٌ
َj‬د ًة ‪ِ ْ%َ ِْC‬‬
‫ ِ‪Hِ ]َ%ُ2‬‬
‫' َ‪ ٍَ/‬آُ‪َ ./ِF ُ Mُ ./‬ء ‪ ٍَX
ِj‬أَو ‪ِ ََX
ِj‬‬ ‫ق و َو َ‪ (.ِyِI‬و‪ +-‬آُ ]‬ ‫ب ا ‪
ِ%‬ا ِ‬ ‫‪
ُT‬ى ‪ِ /َE‬‬
‫وا ‪ َِ4َI‬ا ُ ُ ِد‪ .‬و&َْر ً‪.َِ4َIِ َ ِA.gَC ŒA ./ْَaَ .‬‬
‫‪ 0‬أ‪.A .F‬دِل‪:‬‬ ‫ ‪ُ َ9‬‬
‫ن &َ‪ +- Hُ$َ2ْ%‬ا ‪ َِَْ
َ2‬ا ‪َِ.:‬؟‬ ‫ ُا‪َ ِj‬‬ ‫‪ -‬آَ‪ َُ4ْ>ِ ْH‬ا ) َ‬
‫— َ‪.ًَ .A ْ0َ>َ ،ِ5‬‬ ‫‪َ ِ -‬‬
‫‪.2ِ -‬ذا ه‪ +‬آَ َ) ِ‪َB‬؟‬
‫‪186‬‬
 ‫‪ r‬و‪ ًj.Y‬ا‪,‬و‪ُ b‬د إ Œ ا ‪َِ/َ2‬‬ ‫\ ا ‪ُ ْ%َ4‬‬ ‫‪,‬رْضِ‪ ،‬وَ)ْهَ ُ‬ ‫‪ +- Hُ$ُUْ%َF
N ِ2َْ>َ -‬زِرا‪ َِA‬ا َ‬
‫™‪.‬‬‫` ‪ِ َ .F‬‬ ‫ت ُأ‪
ْY‬ى ُ ‪ُ َِْَ H‬‬ ‫'‪ .‬وَ‪/َ Hُ$ُUْ%َF ُ
ِuَْ/‬ا ٍ‬ ‫‪ٍ َ2َA َْA t‬‬ ‫ ِْ‪ِ َْ4‬‬
‫ت ُأ‪
ْY‬ى؟‬ ‫‪.2ِ -‬ذا ا‪ُ .uِْ,‬ر َ‪َ/‬ا ٍ‬
‫‪ ِْC b‬ا ‪َِCِْp‬‬ ‫ن ِ‪ َِCِْp‬ا ‪ً َ َF ِAI‬‬ ‫ ا ‪ْ)ََ-
َ َGَA َِ>ِC.p‬هَ‪َ 4‬‬ ‫‪„َ Œَ -‬ا ‪] ِ +-‬‬
‫ ا >‪ِ .‬د َِ ‪.
َ َGَA‬‬ ‫ا‪Mْ v‬ا‪] ِ +- ِC‬‬
‫‪:ٍْXَ%ِF 0‬‬‫ َ‪ُ ْ 9‬‬
‫ ا ‪ َِCِْp‬ا ‪ ِAI‬وا‪Mْ v‬ا‪ِC‬؟‬ ‫ق ‪َ َF‬‬‫‪ -‬و‪ .C‬ه ا ‪ُ ْ
َX‬‬
‫\ ‪ُ .‬أ ْ‪ُ .‬ذ! ا ُ‪/‬ي ‪ +-‬ا ‪ َِCِْp‬ا‪Mْ v‬ا‪ ِC‬را&ِ‪ 3 ُyُ4‬دَ‪
َ .‬و‪ +-‬ا ‪ َِCِْp‬ا ‪ِAI‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ا
ا&ِ ُ‬
‫ن را&ِ‪+4‬‬ ‫‪,‬‬‫‪َ B‬‬ ‫ل َذ ِ َ‬‫ن‪ .‬و َ„ِْ ‪ ْ'ُT‬ا َ‪ !ِyِ ُ ْ2‬أ‪ُ T‬‬ ‫‪ B‬اŠ َ‬ ‫را&ِ‪ 15 ُyُ4‬د‪./‬راً‪ِ َْgِF +/ْ%َ ،‬ر را&ِ‪َ ِ4‬‬
‫ج!‬ ‫' ‪ +َِL.A‬وَأ د‪Mِ
َ ِY‬وا ِ‬ ‫‪َ +‬أنْ أُ‪َ A‬‬ ‫ن ‪ َA‬‬ ‫ت ‪ 5 +َ2َA‬دَ‪ ،ْ›َg-
َ .‬وآ‪َ .‬‬ ‫ن ‪ََF .Cَْ/ِA‬أ ُ‬ ‫آ‪َ .‬‬
‫ن ‪َ َُ>ْ2َY‬أو‪b‬دٍ‪َ ،‬أآْ‪
ُ َ4‬هُ‪H‬‬ ‫ج أ‪.A F‬دِل إْى ‪ِ .>ِ ِْC ِyِ&.4ِ .R‬ء ا ‪ ،َِ
َg‬و َ‪ .2ُ$‬اŠ َ‬ ‫)&َ َ‪ M‬و َ‬
‫‪.A‬دِل(‪.‬‬
‫‪.C 0‬زِ ً‪:.‬‬ ‫‪ُ ْُT‬‬
‫ل ا‪َ,‬و‪ِ b‬د!‬ ‫س &ُ‪َ gُA ُ ِ>ْX‬‬ ‫` إ َذنْ‪ ،‬أَ ‪َ2‬ا ِر ُ‬ ‫– ‪NَY‬ن ‪K َ ŒA‬‬ ‫ن ا ‪ُ G‬‬ ‫‪ َْgَ -‬آ‪َ .‬‬
‫ل‪:‬‬ ‫ل ا‪.A ِyِ/ْF‬دِل ا )ي ‪َ .T‬‬ ‫ َ‪ ./َ:‬اْ‪ِ jِF dَ َIَg‬‬ ‫ َ‪ ِ„َ ،+gْ%َ& ُyْ4ِْ%ُ ْH‬‬
‫‪.Gِ%ْِ B‬ءِ؟‬‫‪ h‬ا ] َ‬ ‫ل ُأ‪َ َFْ)َِ
ُ ُUََْ ŒَC +]C‬‬ ‫‪ُ gَ& -‬‬
‫‪.b‬‬
‫‪ ،ْ
ِ1. -‬أ‪ِ .T .‬دمٌ ‪ً .‬‬
‫‪ +‬ودَ‪ِ .Gَ%ْِ +.A‬ء ‪ +-‬آ‪.ِyَِX
ِj ،ِyِY‬‬ ‫‪ 0‬إ ‬ ‫إ َْ‪َ َX‬‬
‫– ا ‪ِ .%I‬م!‬‫ن ‪َ ْ4َR‬‬ ‫‪َ .ٌَ4ْ%َj B‬أُْ‪ H‬ا ‪َ4‬و ‪ُ& b‬و َ‬ ‫ن َ‪َ َ&.‬‬ ‫™ ‪َ  ُF b !+%َC‬أ ‬ ‫ل و&َ‪ َ%‬‬ ‫‪َ .%َ& -‬‬
‫ن(‪.‬‬‫– ا „َ ِم! )‪َ gِ-./ُ b Œ/ْ%َ2ِF‬‬ ‫– ا ‪ِ .%I‬م و‪َ ْ4َR b‬‬ ‫ن ‪َ ْ4َR‬‬ ‫‪ -‬هَ)ا ‪ .ٌhَj‬أ ‪َ4‬و ‪ُ b‬و َ‬
‫'‪E) .‬اد‬ ‫ن ‪ ŒA‬ا ‪ِ َg‬‬ ‫ن ا ‪َ4‬و َ‪َ G%‬‬ ‫ل ‪ َْA‬ا ‪َ H ُ ،ِ–4I‬أ ‬ ‫خ ‪َE‬اد ‪ $-‬ا ‪¡>َ2‬و ُ‬ ‫أ ‪
َ َ4‬آَُ ‪ِ ,.F‬‬
‫ه ا ‪ Hُ ]َ%ُ2‬ا )ي َأ&َ‪ Hُ َ .g‬ا ‪(.ُyَ%َC ََX
]a‬‬
‫' ‪ ./ِC‬إ Œ ‪.ِyَِX
ِj‬‬ ‫\ آُ ‪l‬‬‫هَ ‪ M‬أ‪.A F‬دِل رأ َ‪C ُy‬ا‪ ،ً.gِ-‬و َذهَ َ‬

‫ت‬
‫‪ 0‬أ‪ًj‬ا& ً‪ .‬و‪َ .1َ1‬ء ‪ َِ. +-‬ا ‪َ َْ2‬ر َِ‪ .‬آ‪.َ ْ0َ.‬را ُ‬ ‫ب ا >‪ُ ْ%ِ2َ ََA.‬‬ ‫‪ِ .gُ .C َ ْ%َF‬ر ُ‬
‫ض أ‪ .ً Cْ-‬دِ‪ ًL.A‬أو‬ ‫ت َِ‪َ
ِ ْ%‬‬
‫‪ِ .>ْC,‬‬ ‫‪r‬اُ‬ ‫وزا َر ِة ا‪ِ ْAv‬م أو ا ‪ِ ْ%َF +- +&9& .C .ً 4ِ .… ِ]a‬‬
‫ت َ‪.‬ر َة ‪
„.C‬و‪qَF‬‬ ‫ب ‪.Gَ-‬هَْ ُ‬ ‫ل ا ‪ِ .4‬‬‫ت ‪ِ ِY ِْC‬‬‫ل ‪ً
]„َ4ُC‬ا‪ُ ْ
َuَ .‬‬ ‫‪ .C 0‬زا َ‬‫ ا َ‪َ ْT‬‬
‫َ‪ ِ„َ ،ً-.g‬‬
‫' ا >‪َ .2‬و ِة"‪.‬‬ ‫ت ُ>َ ِ‪ُ ْpَ" +]/َُ َ2ْ%‬‬
‫ت أ ْ‪َ َj dُ َ2‬‬ ‫و‪َ
„.C .$ََA‬و‪-‬ن آَ‪ََF H ُ ،ٌ
4‬أ ُ‬
‫ ‪ َِ/َC ِْC‬ا ‪.ِ
ِj./‬‬‫‪$ْGَC +‬رٌ‪ ،‬وه َأ‪ً ْj‬‬ ‫وُ>َ ِ‪ َ2ْ%‬ه)ا ‪
ِ ْIُC‬بٌ ‪
ِA‬ا‪l T‬‬
‫ت ا ِ
ا ِر ‪ ِْC‬ا ‪
ِ ْ$/‬‬‫ َأ‪ َُF
َ َA .$‬ا‪ِ -َ,‬م‪ .‬وا ‪ُ .>]/‬ء ‪ُ .sِ .C‬‬‫ت ‰‪َ ].‬‬ ‫&ََ‪ َd2‬ا‪َ,‬و‪ُ b‬د وا ‪ُ ./َ4‬‬
‫ف ا ‪ َِْ
I‬ا >دا ِء‪َ .‬أ‪ .C‬ا ‪َْ
َ2‬أ ُة ا ‪ َُ/ِ&.X‬ا ‪ +‬آ‪ْ0َ.‬‬‫\ ا َ‪ِ ْ
َIِF ِyْE‬‬ ‫ ‪َ ِ.E‬‬ ‫ و‪َ Iَ… َْT‬‬ ‫َو‪َ ْXَT‬‬
‫‪187‬‬
 ‫' ٍَ‬‫\ ا ‪ ،َِF
َ َ%‬وأ ْ‪َ ِj.Xَ2ِF ُyْ&َ َ/‬‬ ‫` ‪ ْ0َ Mَ َ َْgَ-‬و َر‪َ ِ.E ْ0َ%َ-‬‬ ‫‪ِِF c‬ا ِر ا >‪ِ L.‬‬ ‫&َْِ ُ‬
‫‪ h‬آَ‪ِ .I‬و ٍَ ‪ٍ
َ َj‬ة‪َ .‬و‪ ْ0َ%َ1‬ا ‪َْ
َ2‬أ ُة ا ‪ َُ/ِ&.X‬دَ ًا آَ‪ً
4‬ا ‪ ِْC‬ا © ِْ‪ ْB‬و&َ‪ْ0َA
 َ4‬‬ ‫‪َ َ4ْj9-‬‬
‫ت ‪ً .C ْ0َ4ََR .2َ .$ِ&
 َِF‬ء‪.‬‬ ‫إى ا ا‪ِ .XِT‬‬
‫ب‬
‫' َورَ‪ ŒA ًT‬ا‪,‬و‪b‬دِ‪ ،‬و‪َ
َ َT‬أ ‪ Hُ$ْ/ِC Hَ َ%َ& َْC‬ا „َ َم ا ‪َ ْ„َ2‬‬ ‫َو ز‪ ْ0َA‬ا ‪َْ
َ2‬أ ُة ا ‪./َC َُ/ِ&.X‬د َ‬
‫‪ c‬وَْ‪َ .$ُَ%‬أآْ‪Mَ& "!.ً 1.َF
َ َ:‬اَ َ‪ H‬ا‪,‬و‪ُ b‬د‬ ‫' ا ‪َ ِFَ2‬‬ ‫ق ا ‪ُ ِ>َْ ،ُ\َ%‬‬ ‫‪ ِْ.&" Hٍ ُ:ْ%ََِF‬ا ‪ُ ْ>َ2‬‬
‫' ا َرَ‪َ َT‬أ‪ْ0َ„َ>ْC‬‬ ‫ع ا ‪./َ2‬د َ‬ ‫‪ .5‬و‪ .2َ/َF‬ه‪] َ & +‬ز ُ‬ ‫و&َا‪%َ-‬ا ‪ Hُ$ْ/ِC dَ َTَ َ-‬ا ‪
ُ a‬وا ‪ُ %U‬‬
‫‪,‬آْ‪
ِ َ:‬ا&]>‪ .ًY.‬و‪ ِyََA ْ0َ1َ
َA‬أنْ &ُ‪.ً  .… .ً 

َ .ً Fَ ِyIْ%‬‬ ‫َ َ ا َ َ ِ ذي ا ]‪ْP‬ا‪ َِP‬ا َ‬
‫‪َ ŒA‬أنْ ُ‪ِ .$Iْ%‬د‪ْP‬ا‪ ُyََP‬ا ‪ ََ2َg‬ا
‪.ََaY‬‬
‫‪ .$/ِC 0‬و‪َ . .ٍَTْ
ُِF Œ„َF‬و َ‪ ْ0‬وه‪ِyِ4FَِF ٌَ„ِ>ْ2ُC +‬‬ ‫‪ r‬ا َ َ ُ ا ‪ْ
َ%‬ضَ‪ ،‬و‪.E‬هَ َ َِ‪َ ِْX‬‬ ‫َر‪َ َ-‬‬
‫' ا ]‪ْP‬ا‪ََP‬‬‫ب ‪ َ ْ%َF .ً%َC‬أنْ &َْ>ِ َ‬
‫ف &ُ‪ِ ِyIْ%‬د‪ْP‬ا‪ ُyَِP‬وا ‪َ :‬‬ ‫َأنْ &ُ‪َ ًَِL.T ُyَ/ِsْ2َI‬أ‪َ َ .$‬‬
‫` َأنْ‬‫\ ا َ ِ‪ ِْC ْ0َ4ََR H ُ .‬ا >‪ِ ِL.‬‬ ‫ق ا ‪ِ َ%‬‬ ‫ا ‪
َ& +َ„ِ ََpِ>ُ2‬ى ا ‪ُ َ >N/‬ة ِْ َ
ا ‪ِ ْ>َ2‬‬
‫ن‪ .‬أَ‪
َ َU‬‬ ‫' ا >‪َ .‬ر ِة ِ„َ‪
َ +‬ا ُ‪ Q‬ا َ َ ُ واŠ‪
َY‬و َ‬ ‫ي ا َ َ ‪ ِْC‬دا‪ِ ِY‬‬ ‫ب ا َ

‬ ‫ُْ‪
َ ِU‬ا ‪َ :‬‬
‫خ ا‪,‬و‪ِ b‬د ا ِْ>‪،ً..‬‬ ‫ب و َر‪ ُyَ%َ-‬إ Œ أ‪
َ +َ„ِ ŒA‬ا ُ‪ Q‬ا َ‪ ،ُd2‬و َ›َ ‪
ُj‬ا ِ‬ ‫` ا ‪َ :‬‬‫ا >‪ُ ِL.‬‬
‫ ا َ َ َ ذا ا ]‪P‬ا‪ َِP‬ا‪,‬آْ‪
َ َ:‬ا&]>‪ .ً Y.‬أ‪َ ŒF‬أنْ‬ ‫ض‪ ِ„َ .‬‬ ‫ل ا ‪ِ ْ
َ%‬‬ ‫ن ا َ َ َ ‪ِ 4َT ŒA‬‬ ‫وهُ‪َ %]َGُ H‬‬
‫ُ‪.dَ I‬‬
‫‪ .$ْ/ِC 0‬وأ ْ‪ Œg‬هَ ََ‪ .$‬ا َرَ‪ŒA َT‬‬ ‫ك ا َ َِ‪ َ ْ%َF ،‬أنْ َأ‪َ َْ-‬‬
‫إ َْْ َ
‪ ْ0َF‬ا ‪َْ
َ2‬أ ُة ا ‪ِ ُ ِْC َُ/ِ&.X‬‬
‫‪ .5‬إ َْ‪ َ
َ%ْG‬ا ‪َ .j .2َ ََ/92NI‬ر ‪ً%َF‬ا ‪ .$ْ/َA‬و&َ‪َ $َ/‬‬ ‫ق آ‪ِ ْَpْِ .ً 4َِ>ْ/ُC Hِ ْ$> .‬‬ ‫ض و‪َ
َ َC‬‬ ‫ا‪,‬رْ ِ‬
‫‪c‬‬
‫ف َأ‪ُ َ4ْَ b ُy‬‬ ‫` ‪ُ
ِ ْ%َ& ُْ„َ& ْHَ +$َ-‬‬ ‫‪ .2َ/َF ،ً..&ْ
ُC‬آ‪ ْ0َ.‬ه‪ِ .… +‬ر‪ ،.$ِ&
َ َ +- ًَT‬و ‪ .$‬ا َ ‪N‬‬
‫' آِ‪ٍ .
ْ4‬ء‪.‬‬‫‪َ . .+‬ر ا َ َ ُ إ Œ ‪ُ َِX
َj‬أ ْ َ
&ِ‪] ُ„ِF ِy‬‬ ‫س ا ْ‪ .‬‬ ‫ا ]‪َ .4‬‬

‫‪Questions about the text‬‬ ‫أ‪ 2 45#‬ا‪/0‬‬

‫َأ‪ / ْ\ِE‬أ‪ A +4E‬ا‪ ِs ,‬ا ‪:َِ .‬‬
‫‪.2ِ .1‬ذا ا‪
ُ ُC َ َgَْA‬ا ‪َ َْ2‬ر َِ أنْ َ‪َ .‬ة ا ‪ Hِ ]َ%ُ2‬ا َ ِ ‪ٌَ4ْ%َj‬؟‬
‫ن ‪ .C ،َِsَGِF‬هُ‪.2‬؟‬ ‫‪ .2‬أ ‪َ4‬و ‪ +-‬رأي ا ‪ Hِ ]َ%ُ2‬ا َ ِ ‪
ْ%َC‬و‪َ -‬‬
‫‪.C .3‬ذا آ‪ ْ0َ.‬ا ‪َ
َ2‬أ ُة ا ‪ ُ 
ُ& َُ/ِ&.X‬أنْ &َ‪َ'َ2ْ%‬؟‬
‫‪.C .4‬ذا ‪ ْ0َ1
َ َA‬ا ‪َ
َ2‬أ ُة ا ‪ ŒA َُ/ِ&.X‬ا َ َِ؟‬
‫ن ا‪َ,‬رضَ؟‬ ‫‪ B‬ا ‪َ َX‬‬ ‫‪َ َ2َ& ŒَC .5‬‬
‫‪ ْ0َC.T ŒَC .6‬ا ‪َ :‬ر ُة ‪ +-‬ا ‪
ِ%‬اقِ؟‬
‫‪ r‬ا َ َ ُ ‪ ِyَA ْ0َ1
َ َA .C‬ا ‪َ
َ2‬أ ُة ا ‪َُ/ِ&.X‬؟‬ ‫‪.2ِ .7‬ذا َر‪َ َ-‬‬
‫ن َ‪
ُ ُC .2ِ$ِF
ُ ِpَْX‬ا ‪َ َْ2‬ر َِ؟‬ ‫ن ا )ا ِ‬ ‫‪ .C .8‬هُ‪ .2‬ا ‪ِ .s]G‬‬
‫‪.2ِ .9‬ذا ‪ُ ْ0َ4ََR‬أ ‪l‬م ‪.A‬دِل ‪ ِْC‬زَو‪ .$ِE‬أنْ َْ‪
َ ُU‬إ Œ ا ‪ِ0َ4‬؟‬
‫‪188‬‬
 ‫ َرةِ؟‬: ‫' ا‬
َ ْ4َT b
ً 4ْgَC ‫س‬ِ ‫َا ِر‬2 ‫َْ ا‬A ‫ن‬NَY ِ–G ‫ي ا‬ ُ ‫ن رأ‬ َ .‫ هَ'ْ آ‬.10
‫َْ َر َِ؟‬2 ‫ ا‬c
ِ  9ِF b
ً .Xِْ‫ن إ‬
َ َX ‫' ا‬ َ ِ2َA ‫ذا‬.C .11
‫ِ؟‬AI ‫َِ ا‬Cِْp ‫ ا‬+- ‫ب‬ ُ NI ‫` ا‬ ُ َِْَ 
K ِ ِ‫ أ‬+- .12

.Hِ > ‫ ا‬.$ِْ„َGِF 9َ َIَp ‫' ا‬ َ َ2ُ ‫ ا‬+4ُْ‫ ُأآ‬/ ْ\ُْ‫ٌ؟ ُأآ‬9َIَY ‫َابٌ أم‬j
.‫ َر ِة‬: ‫ْ َ ا‬%َF  َ ]A.IْTv‫ ا‬+1‫Œ أرا‬A َُC„ُ ‫ْ ا‬0َ َْ ‫ إ‬.1
.
ً ْ%ِ- ،ِ‫د‬b‫و‬,‫ل ا‬ َ gُA ُ ِ>ْXُ& .$, َ ‫س‬ َ ‫َا ِر‬2 ‫ن ا‬NَY – ُ G ‫ض ا‬ َ ‫ َر‬.A .2
.
ِ ] ‫ ا‬N ِ1 ٍ ِ‫ وا‬5 K َj +- ‫ت‬ ِ ./َ4 ‫ ِد وا‬b‫و‬,‫ َد ا‬E‫ن و‬  ‫ن َأ‬NَY – ُ G ‫Œ ا‬A‫ إد‬.3
.‫س‬ِ ‫َا ِر‬2 ‫َْ ا‬A ‫ن‬NَY – ِ G ‫ رأي ا‬dC ‫ن‬ َ َX ‫` ا‬ َ َX&‫ إ‬.4
.ٍَF%ُaِF ِTَ‫' ا َر‬ ِ ‫د‬./َ2 ‫Œ ا‬A ‫ب‬ َ ْ„َ2 ‫ ُد ا „َ َم ا‬b‫و‬,‫َ َ
َأ ا‬T .5
.ً

َ ‫َ
ْأ ُة‬2 ‫ ا‬.$َْA‫ َو ز‬+ ‫' ا‬ ُ ‫د‬./َ2 ‫ْ ا‬0َ.‫ آ‬.6
.Hِ ْ% ‫ُ ِ
ا‬C ِْC ‫ا‬4ََR .C ' ] ُ‫Œ آ‬A ‫ن‬ َ َX ‫' ا‬ َ َaَ .7
.َِ/ِ&.X ‫َ
َْأ ِة ا‬2 ‫ِْ ا‬C 0 َ ِْXَ ْ‫
ًا َأن‬Yَ‫ع ا َ َ ُ أ‬َ .Iَْ ‫ إ‬.8
.ٌ

َ ُyََP‫ْا‬P‫ن ِد‬ ,َ َ َ َ ‫ ا‬B
َ ِ ‫َُ َذ‬/ِ&.X ‫َ
َْأ ُة ا‬2 ‫ َرتْ ا‬.ْY‫ إ‬.9
..ً Xuَ ‫ن‬ َ .‫ُ آ‬y,َ ُyَFَ +Iْ%ُ ْ‫ ا َ َ ُ َأن‬r َ َ-‫ َر‬.10

Functional Expressions 467ّ8‫رات ا‬:ِ6‫أ‬

+&.َ dِ َْIَC +- early in my life
‫ن‬ ‫…َ َ
َأ‬ but
ََIN> ‫ْ ا‬0َ2ََْ ‫ا‬ took over power
‫ن‬ِ .g ‫\ ا‬ ِ ِE2ِF according to law
+
N A‫]را‬M ‫ح ا‬ ُ ْjv‫ ا‬agrarian reform
ً 2َE ' ِ ْ%ِXْ .F ‫ن‬
َ .‫آ‬ was truly pretty
ِy]IَpِF
ِ ْpَX ‫َ َ ا‬P extremely proud of his handwriting
ِ ] ‫ ا‬N ِ1 anti religion
‫ ِد‬b‫َو‬,‫ل ا‬ َ gُA ُ ِ>ْXُ& corrupts children’s minds
!Hِ ْ% ‫ُ ِ
ا‬C ‫ْ َ
َة‬Uَ . Mr. district school director
+T.4 ‫ ا‬Hُ„ََA the rest is your responsibility
َِ4َ ./ُ2 .ِF b ً .Xِْ‫إ‬ in celebration of the occasion
!ِyِ ُ ْ2َ ‫ُ'ْ ا‬T Say thanks to Allah!
ُAI ‫َُ ا‬Cِْp َ‫أ‬ voluntary service

189
 ِC‫ا‬Mْ v‫َُ ا‬Cِْp َ‫أ‬ compulsory service
ٌL.Aِ‫ْمٌ د‬-‫أ‬ propaganda films
ٌ-.gَ ٌ‫ْم‬-‫أ‬ educational films
ٍْXَ%ِF 0 ُ ْ 9َ I naively asked
ٌTَ‫' َور‬ ُ ‫د‬./َC paper napkins
.ًY.>ِ&‫َ ِ
ا‬:ْ‫آ‬, َ‫ا‬ the dirtiest
ْ‫Œ َأن‬A providing that, on condition
.$ِ&
َ َ +- ٌَT‫ ِر‬.… sunk in her confusion
Hٍ ُ:ْ%ََِF ‫ب‬
َ ْ„َ2 ‫َ َ
َأ ا „َ َم ا‬T He read the written words stumblingly

Vocabulary List ‫ ا=<دات‬4=7)

‫ن‬
ُ ‫ ِ>ا‬،ٌ‫ء‬.>ِ ،ٌ‫ِ>ة‬ women
ٌ‫َ
اش‬- attendant, custodian
+
l A.IْT‫إ‬ land owner
ٌhْ2َT wheat
ٌ‫ل‬gُ – ٌ'ْgَ field-s
ٌ'pَ – ٌَْpَ date palm-s
ٌَF.… forest
ٌ
ْaَA afternoon
ٌdَْIَC start, beginning
ٌ‫َ>ْق‬C detergent
ٌ`ْ%َ& comment
ٌ‫دَور‬ role
ٌَ4ْ>ِ percentage
ٌ‫َْر‬T measure
ٌْXَA naiveté
ٌ‫آَن‬ universe, being
ٌ‫ ُْك‬ manner, behavior
ٌ
ِْ charm, magic
ٌَ/9َ2ُR feeling of security

190
 ٌ
ْpَ- pride
l›َY calligraphy
\ُ Fَ& sleeves
ٌ‫ َرة‬. cigarette
ٌ‫ل‬.%ْP‫إ‬ lighting (fire, cigarette)
‫ ُء‬.1َ1 noise
ٌ‫ْات‬j‫َتٌ – َأ‬j voice-s
ٌ‫ل‬gُA – ٌ'ْgَA mind-s
ٌHْ$َ arrow
ٌ‫ل‬.Xِْ‫إ‬ celebration
ٌ‫ر‬.uِْ‫إ‬ waiting
ٌ\َaَT reeds
‫ن‬ُ ‫ْ
ا‬aُ mats
ٌ5ْ%َ – ٌَXْ%َ date palm leave-s
ٌdِTَC location
ٌc 9& founding
ٌَْ
َR woman’s headgear
ٌ‫َ َ
ف‬R end
ٌ َ‫د‬ bucket
ٌ‫ِ
ار‬E – ٌ‫َ 
ة‬E earthenware jar
ٌَF
َ َA vehicle, cart
ٌ‫ِ
اف‬Y – ٌ‫َ
وف‬Y lamb-s
ٌB‫د‬ rooster
ٌ‫َب‬ dress, garment
ٌ‫َ
ْض‬A to show, offer
‫ض‬ُ ‫ ِر‬.%ُ to oppose
`ُ َِْِ to join
'ُ ِj‫ا‬ to continue, pursue
+/ْ4َ to build, construct
dُ Iُ to obey
cُ َ4ْَ to put on, wear

191
dُ َْpَ to take off
ُ %ُ to repeat, return
` ُ ِ-./ُ to play the hypocrite
M َ‫ه‬ to shake
ŒFَ‫أ‬ to resist
Bَ َ2َ& to own
'َ َ‫َر‬ to migrate
0َ َXَْ ‫إ‬ to turn
ُ ِ>ْXُ& to corrupt, spoil
‫ع‬ ُ ‫& َ ]ز‬ to distribute
‫َْ
ُؤ‬ to dare
+Aَ to claim
dَ َIَgْ‫إ‬ to be cut out
َ $َ/َ& to sigh

َ َ%ْGَْ ‫إ‬ to feel
‫ق‬َ
َ َC to dash, dart
rَ َ-‫َر‬ to reject, refuse
0َ َْ-‫َأ‬ to get, yank loose
َ َ‫ه‬.E to struggle
hَ َF‫َذ‬ to slaughter
Bَ ََC to own
Hَ َ:ْ%ََ& to stumble
dَ َ-‫&َا‬ to push each other
Hَ َ‫ا‬Mَ& to crowd
ْ0َ% َ َ& to expand
ْ0َ1
َ َA to show, demonstrate
ْ0َF
َ َْْ ‫إ‬ to be surprised
ْ0َ„َ>ْC‫َأ‬ she held
ْ0َ2ََْ ‫إ‬ she received
ُ Mُ we increase
‫ت‬ ُ َ/ْ ‫أ‬ I supported

192
 0 ُ ْ2ُT I stood up, undertook
ُ Aُ‫أ‬ I repeat
Hُ َ .gَ&‫َأ‬ I share

ُ ِY‫َأ د‬ I save money
‫ت‬ ُ ْ‫َ د‬%َ& I used to
ْ0ََ2َْ‫إآ‬ be completed
ْ0َA
 َ4َ& she donated
ٌ‫ت‬.sِ .C – ٌَsِ .C water bearer-s
ٌ
]„َ4ُC early
ٌَ/ِ&.- charming, gorgeous, enchanting
ٌ-.gَ educational
ٌL.Aِ‫د‬ propaganda
ٌ–ِ>ُC dirty
ٌَ„ِ>ْ2ُC holding
ٌ\َِ>ْ/ُC withdrawn
ٌ‫ح‬.&ْ
ُC relaxed, comfortable
5َ ْَY behind
.ً ‫&َْر‬ gradually
ٌَP intense
‫ي‬
l َ made of iron
‫ي‬
l

َ made of silk
ٌ\َA wonderful, great
ٌ5%َ1 weak
ٌَP‫ْا‬P‫ِد‬ garment common male dress in Iraq
ٌ‫ آخ‬/ ٌَX
َj hut made of date palm leaves, reed and mats
qَF‫„
و‬.C van
Grammar
ِ‫ا‬-َ>‫أ‬
1. The Active Participle 'ِA.X ‫ ا‬H ‫إ‬
a. For Hollow Verbs (CVC) as in ‫ل‬ َ .T , the active participle pattern is FAA’IL,
with Hamza (‫) ء‬taking the place of the second consonant (C2) in all cases.
ٌHِL. - ‫ َم‬. ٌ'ِL.T – ‫ل‬
َ .T

193
b. For Defective Verbs (CCV), the pattern is FAA’IN as in:
‫ع‬
ٍ ‫ – دا‬.Aَ‫د‬ ‫ش‬
ٍ .C – ŒGَC
You must have noticed that the verb loses its weak long end vowel

c. Doubled Verbs (CvCCv) as in B

 َP undergoes the same loss of the weak vowel.
The pattern is FAALL
‫ك‬
l .P – B
 َP
2. The Passive Participle ‫ل‬%X2 ‫ ا‬H ‫ إ‬of the Hollow, Defective, and Doubled
Verbs follows the following patterns.

a. Hollow
The pattern is MaFUUL is used for (C2W)
ٌ‫ل‬gَC - ‫ل‬
ُ gَ – ‫ل‬
َ .T
The pattern MuFAAL for (C2Y)
ٌ‫ع‬.4ُC - dُ ْ4َ – ‫ع‬
َ .F
b. Defective
Defective (C3W) produces a regular passive participle on the pattern MaF’UUW
l AَْC - Aَْ – .Aَ‫د‬
Defective (C3Y) gives a passive participle on the pattern MaF’IIY
‫ي‬
l ْ$َC - ‫ْي‬$َ – ‫هَى‬
c. Doubled
The formation of Passive Participle from a doubled root is perfectly regular,
MaF’UUL.
ٌ‫ْ„ك‬GَC – B
l ُGَ – B
 َP
3. َْgَ or َْT is used with verbs in the past tense to indicate a tense somewhat closer to
the English past perfect tense. To say, “I had gone to the library before I ate my ,”
in Arabic the sentence is:
.+L.GَA '
َ ُ‫آ‬6 ْ‫' َأن‬
َ ْ4َT َِ4َْ„َ2 ‫ إ Œ ا‬0
ُ ْ4َ‫َْ َذه‬gَ

Verb Conjugation ‫ل‬6 @‫ ا‬ABCَD

The following charts show a number of Arabic verbs conjugated to singular and
plural pronouns for both past and Present Jussive tenses ‫وم‬M2 ‫رع ا‬.Uُ2 ‫ أ‬.
to take off d َ ََY
194
 ‫أ‬ E
ِ ْ‫أ‬ E
َ ْ‫َأ‬ ‫ه‬ -‫ه‬ ‫
د‬Xُ2 ‫
ا‬L.2َ1
0
ُ ْ%ََY 0 ِ ْ%ََY 0
َ ْ%ََY ْ0َ%ََY dَ ََY +1.2 ‫أ‬
ْdَْY‫َأ‬ +%َْpَ& ْdَْpَ& ْdَْpَ& ْdَْpَ ‫وم‬M2 ‫رع ا‬.Uُ2 ‫أ‬
to continue, pursue ' َ َj‫وا‬
2
ُ Mَ 2
 ُِ ْ‫أ‬ (ُْ‫َأ‬ 2
‫ه‬ (‫ه‬ d2 ‫
ا‬L.2َ1
./ْَj‫ وا‬  ُْَj‫ وا‬Hُْَj‫ وا‬ َ ْَj‫َا وا‬j‫وا‬ +1.2 ‫أ‬
'
ُ ِj‫ ا‬ َ ْِj‫ِا &ا‬j‫ &ا‬ َ ْِj‫ِا ا‬j‫وم ا‬M2 ‫رع ا‬.Uُ2 ‫أ‬
to join ` َ ََ ‫إ‬
‫أ‬ E
ِ ْ‫أ‬ E
َ ْ‫َأ‬ ‫ه‬ -‫ه‬ ‫
د‬Xُ2 ‫
ا‬L.2َ1
0
ُ ْgََ ‫إ‬ 0
ِ ْgََ ‫ إ‬0 َ ْgََ ‫ْ إ‬0َgََ ‫إ‬ `
َ ََ ‫إ‬ +1.2 ‫أ‬
ْ`َِْ ‫أ‬ +gَِْَ& ْ`َِْَ& ْ`َِْَ& ْ`َِْَ ‫وم‬M2 ‫رع ا‬.Uُ2 ‫أ‬

to put on c
َ ِ4َ
2
ُ Mَ 2
 ُِ ْ‫أ‬ (ُْ‫َأ‬ 2
‫ه‬ (‫ه‬ d2 ‫
ا‬L.2َ1
./ْ>ِ4َ 
 ُْ>ِ4َ Hُْ>ِ4َ 
َ >ِ4َ ‫ِ>ا‬4َ +1.2 ‫أ‬
ْcَ4ْَ 
َ ْ>َ4ْَ& ‫ن‬
َ >َ4ْَ& 
َ ْ>َ4ْَ ‫َ>ا‬4ْَ ‫وم‬M2 ‫رع ا‬.Uُ2 ‫أ‬
to get used ‫ َد‬  َ%َ&
‫أ‬ E
ِ ْ‫أ‬ E
َ ْ‫َأ‬ ‫ه‬ -‫ه‬ ‫
د‬Xُ2 ‫
ا‬L.2َ1
‫ت‬
ُ ْ‫َ د‬%َ& ‫ت‬ِ ْ‫َ د‬%َ& ‫ت‬
َ ْ‫َ د‬%َ& ْ‫َ  َدت‬%َ& ‫َ  َد‬%َ& +1.2 ‫أ‬
ْ‫َ د‬%َ&‫َدي َأ‬%ََ& ْ‫َ د‬%ََ& ْ‫َ د‬%ََ& ْ‫َ د‬%َ&‫َأ‬ ‫وم‬M2 ‫رع ا‬.Uُ2 ‫أ‬

to feel, sense, perceive

َ َ%ْGَْ ‫إ‬
2
ُ Mَ 2
 ُِ ْ‫أ‬ (ُْ‫َأ‬ 2
‫ه‬ (‫ه‬ d2 ‫
ا‬L.2َ1
.ْ
َ%ْGَْ ‫ إ‬  ُ&ْ
َ%ْGَْ ‫ إ‬Hُ&ْ
َ%ْGَْ ‫ن إ‬ َ ْ
َ%ْGَْ ‫َ
وا إ‬%ْGَْ ‫إ‬ +1.2 ‫أ‬

ُ َ%ْGَْ>َ ‫ن‬َ ْ
ُ%ْGَْ>َ& ‫ُ
وا‬%ْGَْ>َ& ‫ن‬ َ ْ
ُ%ْGَْ>َ ‫ُ
وا‬%ْGَْ>َ ‫وم‬M2 ‫رع ا‬.Uُ2 ‫أ‬

Drill #1 ‫ا@ول‬ 2B=‫أ‬

Use the words and phrases in the Vocabulary List in good sentences.

Drill #2 G‫ ا‬2B=‫أ‬

Please choose the correct options.
........ c
ُ َْ& َُ/ِ&.X ‫َ
ْأ ُة ا‬2 ‫ْ ا‬0َ.‫آ‬ .1
195
 ‫`‬
‫` ت‪ .‬أَ‪َ .C‬م ا >‪ِ ِL.‬‬
‫‪ 5‬ا >‪ِ ِL.‬‬
‫` ب‪َ ْَY .‬‬
‫أ‪ِِF .‬ا ِر ا >‪ِ ِL.‬‬

‫ُ‪ ُ %‬ا ‪ َِِ-b ›َY

ُ ُ2‬ا ‪َ َْ2‬ر َِ ‪. ......... )ُ ْ/ُC‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫أ‪ .‬إ‪ .ً C.A
َ َGَA +/‬ب‪ .ًC.A
َ َGَA ََ>ْ2َY .‬ت‪ .‬زَوا‪ِyِE‬‬

‫ف ‪..$َِْ
َR‬‬ ‫َأ‪ ْ0َ„َ>ْC‬ا ‪َْ
َ2‬أ ُة ‪ِ
َIِF‬‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫أ „َِ‪ َُ2‬ا ‪.........ََTَA .$ l›َY .$ََْ& +‬‬
‫‬
‫ت‪ِ َ% .F .‬‬ ‫ب‪ِ َ .F .‬‬ ‫س‬
‫أ‪
.F .‬أ ِ‬

‫ن ا ‪............. Hَ ْ%‬‬
‫ن َأ ‬
‫َ‪ ُ ِgَْ%‬ا ‪َ َX‬‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫ ا ‪َ]a‬‬
‫ل ب‪ dُ ]َGُ .‬ا ‪]M‬را‪ ََA‬ت‪ُ ]>َُ .‬‬ ‫أ‪ +/4َ .‬ا ‪َ gُ%‬‬

‫‪َ َْC
ُ ُC‬ر َِ ا ِ„ْ‪pَ- َِ2‬رٌ ‪ً ِE‬ا ‪............‬‬ ‫‪.5‬‬
‫أ‪ ِyِ/ْF.F .‬ب‪ ِy]IَpِF .‬ت‪ِyِ .2َِF .‬‬

‫‪.‬‬
‫إ َْ َ‪ َُC„ُ ْ0‬ا ‪َ :‬ر ِة ‪ ŒA‬أرا‪ +1‬ا‪َ ]A.IْTv‬‬ ‫‪.6‬‬
‫ن ا ُ„‪:ََC‬‬‫‪B‬أ‬‫‪َ Œ/%C‬ذ ِ َ‬
‫أ‪ .$َْ„َ2َ& .‬ب‪َ .‬و ز‪ .$َْA‬ت‪ .‬إ‪.$ْ&
َ َْP‬‬

‫ ا ‪
ُT +- dُ ِL.G‬ى ‪. .......‬‬
‫أَ ‪ َُX
]a‬ه‪ +‬ا >„َ ُ‬ ‫‪.7‬‬
‫ق و َو َ‪ِyِI‬‬
‫ب ا ‪
ِ%‬ا ِ‬
‫ق ت‪ِ /َE .‬‬ ‫ق ب‪َ .‬و َ›ِ ا ‪
ِ%‬ا ِ‬ ‫ب ا ‪
ِ%‬ا ِ‬
‫أ‪ِ /َE .‬‬

‫ن ا ‪.Hَ ْِX‬‬
‫ Œ ُ‪.G‬هِْ َ‬
‫ت ا ِ
ا ِر َو‪َ ْXَT‬‬
‫‪ُ .sِ .C‬‬ ‫‪.8‬‬
‫أ‪ .‬أ‪:ُ ِaْT‬‬
‫‬
‫ت‪ .‬أ ‪َ 2]َ%ُ2‬‬ ‫ب‪ .‬أ‪,‬و‪َ b‬د‬ ‫أ‪ .‬أ ‪َ َ >N/‬ة‬

‫ب ‪َ َْC‬ر َِ ا ِ„ْ‪.......... َِ2‬‬

‫ ِ‬
‫‪ ُR r‬‬
‫\ ‪ُ ْ%َF‬‬
‫َ)ْهَ ُ‬ ‫‪.9‬‬
‫أ‪ َِCِْpْِ .‬ا ‪ ِ
َ„ْ>َ%‬ب‪ َِCِْpْِ .‬ا ‪ ِ]ََ2‬ت‪ َِCِْpْِ .‬ا ‪ِ2ْ%‬‬

‫‪َ َْC c‬ر َِ ا ِ„ْ‪:َِ2‬‬

‫&َ ‪ُ  9& H‬‬ ‫‪.10‬‬
‫‪h‬‬
‫ل ا ‪ِ ْ2َg‬‬
‫ت‪ .‬وَ ›َ ُ‪ِ g‬‬ ‫أ‪ َ>َ +/َF َِF.… +- .‬ب‪ َ ْ%َF .‬ا ‪َ :‬ر ِة‬
‫‪196‬‬
 ‫س‪:‬‬
‫ن ا ‪َ2‬ا ِر َ‬ ‫‪َ +‬أ ‬
‫َ‪ +A‬ا‪N A.IْTv‬‬ ‫‪.11‬‬
‫ل‬
‫ل ت‪ dُ ] َ & .‬ا ‪َ gَ%‬‬‫ل ب‪ ُ ِ>ْXُ& .‬ا ‪َ gَ%‬‬ ‫أ‪ +/4َ& .‬ا ‪َ gَ%‬‬

‫\ َأنْ ُأ‪ dَ ]َ1‬وَ‪.GُC +- +T‬هَ َ ِة ‪. ............‬‬

‫‪ُ b‬أِ ‪N‬‬ ‫‪.12‬‬
‫‪ِ ْ-,‬م ا ‪.‬ر‪ِp‬‬
‫‪ِ ْ-,‬م ا ‪ ِ-.g:‬ت‪ .‬ا َ‬ ‫‪ِ ْ-,‬م ا ]‪ ِL.A‬ب‪ .‬ا َ‬ ‫أ‪ .‬ا َ‬

‫ق ا ‪.Hِ َ .%‬‬‫&ُ‪ُ ] َa‬ر أَ‪ َ, .......... ِْC ًَ .A ًَ4ْ>ِ .„

C‬ا ِ‬ ‫‪.13‬‬
‫أ‪ .$ِْ2َT .‬ب‪ .$ِIْXَ .‬ت‪.َ .‬را&ِ‪.$‬‬

‫\ ‪ًXَA .ٍَAْ
ُ>ِF‬ا َا‪. ........ ُ ِaْT‬‬
‫ب ا ‪ِ َْ„َ2‬‬
‫‪َ .F 0‬‬
‫‪ُ ََْ-‬‬ ‫‪.14‬‬
‫‪ b‬ت‪ًَ .‬‬ ‫أ‪َْ& .‬ر ً‪ .‬ب‪ً . .‬‬

‫ك ‪. .........‬‬‫ف‪ .‬إ َذنْ هُ‪َ ./‬‬

‫' ا ‪ََA َِ
َg‬دًا ‪ ِْC‬ا ‪
ِp‬ا ِ‬
‫‪َ h‬أهْ ُ‬
‫َذ‪َ َF‬‬ ‫‪.15‬‬
‫أ‪ .‬إِْ‪.X‬لٌ ب‪ ٌَِ„ْGُC .‬ت‪ٌHْ$َ .‬‬

‫– ‪NَY‬ن‪:‬‬
‫ن ا ‪ُ G‬‬
‫آ‪َ .‬‬ ‫‪.16‬‬
‫ت‪  ِ1 .‬ا ُ„‪َِC‬‬ ‫ ب‪  ِ1 .‬ا ‪Hِ ْ%‬‬ ‫أ‪  ِ1 .‬ا ] ِ‬

‫‪:ُy,‬‬
‫‪َ ُyَFَ +‬‬‫‪ r‬ا َ َ ُ َأنْ ُ‪َ Iْ%‬‬
‫َر‪َ َ-‬‬ ‫‪.17‬‬
‫‪,‬آْ‪
ُ َ:‬ا&]>‪.ًY.‬‬
‫أ‪ .‬ا َ‬
‫ب‪
ُ ُ%ْGَْ>ِ b .‬ا ‪ََ/9ْ2NI‬‬
‫‪ c‬ا ْ‪َ.‬‬‫‪ c‬ا ‪َ ِFَ2‬‬ ‫ت‪ُ َ4ْَ b .‬‬

‫' ‪. .......‬‬
‫ق ‪ِ ْ:ِC ٍَAْ
ُ>ِF‬‬
‫‪َ .َ ْ0َT
َ َC‬ر ُة ا ‪ َِRْ
NG‬أ‪َ .C‬م ا ‪ِ ُ ْ/ُX‬‬ ‫‪.18‬‬
‫ت‬
‫‪ 5‬ت‪ .‬ا ‪ِ a‬‬ ‫أ‪ .‬ا >‪ Hِ $‬ب‪ .‬ا >‪ِ َ%‬‬

‫ َ‪ َْA ./ 9‬دَورِه‪ +- .‬ا ‪.َِِ„ْGُ2‬‬ ‫‪.19‬‬

‫ف ‪:.2َA‬‬
‫إ َذنْ آُ‪َ ُ 
ُ ./‬أنْ َ‪َ
ِ ْ%‬‬
‫أ‪ ُyَْَ%َ- .‬ب‪ .‬إَْ‪ ُyْ&
َ َu‬ت‪ .‬أ‪ُyَْF‬‬

‫‪197‬‬
 ‫ َ>َْ‪ .......
N ِ2‬ا‪ِ ْ-v‬م َŒ ‪ٍ
َ ]Y9َُC ٍَA.‬ة‪.‬‬
‫‪. +-‬دي ا ‪َ 2]َ%ُ2‬‬ ‫‪.20‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫أ‪ُ .ْYv‬ر ا ‪ُ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫' ت‪ِE .‬ا ُر‬ ‫ض ب‪ُ ِj.XَC .‬‬ ‫أ‪ُ ْ
َA .‬‬

‫` ‪.C ِُ„F‬و‪ 0‬هُَك‪.‬‬‫\ إ‪َ +َ/ْF‬أنْ &ََِْ َ‬‫&ُِ ‪N‬‬ ‫‪.21‬‬
‫إ َذنْ ه‪َ ُ 
ُ& +‬أنْ‪:‬‬
‫ع َ‪.$‬‬
‫' ‪ .$ِF‬ت‪َ
 َ4ََ& .‬‬
‫أ‪ .$- dَ 4َ& .‬ب‪َ َ2ْ%َ& .‬‬

‫ ‪. ........‬‬
‫‪ B‬ا ‪ َِF.‬ا ا ِ‪ َِ%‬ا ‪َ .$/‬ر آُ‪ ،ُy‬وآُ‪َ َF +Gْ2َ ./‬‬
‫‪َ ْِ& +- ./َGَC‬‬ ‫‪.22‬‬
‫‪.h‬‬
‫ ا ‪ِ ْ2َg‬‬
‫ت‪َ َF .‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ ا >‪ِ %‬‬ ‫' ب‪َ َF .‬‬ ‫أ‪ .‬ا ‪ِ p/‬‬

‫ب ‪ َِ. +-‬ا ‪َ َْ2‬ر َِ‪.‬‬

‫ َ‬
‫&َ‪M‬اَ َ‪ H‬ا ‪ NI‬‬ ‫‪.23‬‬
‫' َأ‪:Hُ$‬‬
‫ ا ‪ِ َ2َُْ2‬‬
‫إذَن ‪َ ِC‬‬
‫ن‬
‫ن ت‪
ِpَْXَ .‬و َ‬ ‫ن ب‪َ  .‬ز]‪َ A‬‬ ‫أ‪ََ .‬ا‪َ %َ-‬‬

‫ج ‪َ َْC
ُ ُC‬ر َِ ا ِ„ْ‪:َِ2‬‬‫&َ َ‪ M‬و َ‬ ‫‪.24‬‬
‫أ‪ .‬إْى ِ>‪ِ .‬ء ا >‪َ .2‬و ِة‬
‫ب‪ .‬إْى ِ>‪ِ .‬ء ‪َ>َ +/َF َِْ
َT‬‬
‫ق‬
‫‪ ِy]2َA 0‬آَ‪ .2‬ه ‪ +- ٌdِL.P‬ا ‪
ِ%‬ا ِ‬ ‫ت‪َ ْ/ِF .‬‬

‫' ‪ً ِE ٌ5%َ1‬ا‪.‬‬

‫هَ)ا ا ‪ُ ْX]I‬‬ ‫‪.25‬‬
‫ َأ‪:ُy‬‬
‫َأ‰ُ ‪N‬‬
‫ت‪ٌBِ>ْ2ُC .‬‬ ‫أ‪ ٌr
َC .‬ب‪ٌ\َِ>ْ/ُC .‬‬

‫‪Drill #3‬‬ ‫أ=‪ 2B‬ا‪HG‬‬

‫‪a. Vowel the following sentences.‬‬
‫‪ C T 4> .1‬ا ‪I‬ب ا‪j‬ن &‪ H$2%‬ا ‪.:‬ي‪.‬‬
‫‪ +/4& .2‬ا ‪.A X
a‬دة ‪ 5% C‬ا ‪ 'p/‬وا ‪
a‬ان وا ‪.\ag‬‬

‫‪198‬‬
 .y4FF 0„>C‫ أ‬.C/A /&.X ‫
أة ا‬2 ‫وم ا‬.g   ‫
ا‬2 ‫ ا‬.3
. ‫ر‬2 ‫ ا‬. A %F h4j‫ ا‬.C/A /92I ‫
ا   ا‬%G ‫ ا‬.4
..$44 ‫
ف‬% H ‫ء‬.11‫  و‬.A ‫ات‬j‫
ا ' ا‬Y‫ ا‬+- ./%2 .5

b. Rearrange the following groups of words to make correct sentences.

.`
َ َ-‫وا‬ ‫ َر ِة‬: ‫ا‬ َِ ‫َْ َر‬2 ‫ُ ُ
ا‬C c ِ  9& ŒA Hِ % ‫ْ َ ا‬%َF .1
‫Œ؟‬A dُ َgَ& َ>َ ‫ن‬
 ‫ْ ِ
َأ‬$َ ٌhَj +/َF ََ
َT ‫ت‬
ِ ‫ُ
ا‬X ‫ هَ'ْ ا‬.2
.ُyُ‫' آ‬ ِ p/ ‫َِ ا‬F.… ‫ َر‬.$/ ‫َِ ا‬%ِ ‫ ا ا‬+- ./َGَC .3
.َِِ„ْGُ2 ‫ا‬ ‫ذا‬.C‫ْ و‬0ََ%َ- َْA ./ 9َ .‫ ِ دَورِه‬g%َِ .4
. ِ-.g: ‫ْ ِم ا‬-, َ ‫هَ َ ِة ا‬.GُC +- .$َTَ‫ و‬+Uْgَ& ْ‫\ َأن‬ N ُِ& .5

c. Negate the following sentences.

.ِ َ ‫ب ا‬ِ : ‫Œ ا‬A ' َ َaَ ُy, َ .ً.&ْ
ُC ُ َ َ ‫ َ ا‬$َ/َ& .1
.َِ/َ2 ‫ ا‬+- ' ٍ َ2َA َْA t ِ َْ4 ‫' ا‬َ ْ4ًT 
ِ ََ/َ ‫ ُد‬b‫َو‬,‫َ َ
ا‬uَْ‫ إ‬.2
.َِ
َg ‫' ا‬
ِ ْ‫ِْ َأه‬C ٌِ‫َ
اشٌ وا‬- َِ ‫َْ َر‬2ْِ ‫ن‬ َ .‫ آ‬.3
.‫ْ
ى‬Y‫ْ َ ُأ‬%َF ًَ/َ .$2]َ%ُC‫ و‬.$َِ4ََR ‫َ َ ُد‬A ‫َْ َر َُ وازْدا َد‬2 ‫ْ ا‬0َ% َ َ& .4
.
َ َXْِ .$َْIْA‫ وأ‬ َ A.IْTv‫ ا‬+1‫Œ أرا‬A َُC„ُ ‫ْ ا‬0َ َْ ‫ إ‬.5
d. Underline the active and passive participles and explain the grammatical
function of each of them.
.َِ/ِ&.X ‫َ
ْأ ِة ا‬2 ‫ِْ َ ِ ا‬C 0 َ َْ-‫ُ َأ‬y,
َ .ً.&ْ
ُC ُ َ َ ‫ َ ا‬$َ/َ& .1
.ٍL‫ِْا‬F‫َْ َر ٍَ ا‬C +- .ً2]َ%ُC ِX‰َ ‫ ا‬+&.َ dِ َْIَC +- 0 ُ ْِ2َA .2
..ً gِ-‫ا‬C ‫ل‬ َ .gَ- ‫َ 
َة‬2 ‫ ا‬Qِ )ِ َ‫ْ ه‬Hَ$َ4ََR rَ ُ-ْ
َ ْ‫ َأن‬Hِ ْ% ‫ُ ُ
ا‬C ‫ْ َْ
ؤ‬Hَ .3
.‫ت‬
ِ ‫ُ
ا‬X ‫ْ ِ
ا‬$َ ِْC .ً4
َT ‫ب‬ ِ ْIَ2 ‫ ا‬dِ Tَ2 ‫›ِ ا‬Iْpَِ ‫س‬ ِ ِ ْ/َ$ُ2 ‫َِو ِر ا‬F 0ُ ْ2ُT .4
.‫َ„]
ًا‬4ُC ‫ل‬ َ ‫ زا‬.C 0 َ ْTَ ‫ ا‬  ِ„َ +&9& ِ]a ‫ت وزارَ ِة ا‬ ُ ‫را‬.َ ْ0َ.‫ آ‬.5
.h
ٍ ِ1‫ وا‬Hٍ ُ:ْ%ََِF ‫ب‬ َ ْ„َ2 ‫ ِد ا „َ َم ا‬b‫و‬,‫ِْ ا‬C Hَ َ%َ& َْC ‫َ َ
َأ‬T .6
.ِ
ِj./ ‫َِ ا‬/َC ِْC  ً ْj‫ وه َأ‬،ٌ‫ر‬$ْGَC + l T‫ِ
ا‬A ٌ‫ْ ِ
ب‬IُC َ2ْ%ِ َ>ُ .7
.9 .َِْ
I ‫ف ا‬ِ ْ
َIِF ِyْEَ ‫\ ا‬ َ ِ.E  َ Iَ… َْT‫ و‬ َ ْXَT‫ْ ِ
َو‬$/ ‫ِْ ا‬C ‫ت ا ِ
ا ِر‬ ُ .sِ .C ‫ ُء‬.>]/ ‫ ا‬.8
.‫ ًء‬.C َُ/ِ&.X ‫َ
ْأ ُة ا‬2 ‫ْ ا‬0َ4ََR .2َ .$ِ&
 َِF ‫ت‬ ِ .XِT‫]> َ ِة ا ا‬/ ‫ْ إى ا‬0َA
 َ4َ&
..$ِ&
َ َ +- ًَT‫ ِر‬.… ‫َ
َْأ ُة‬2 ‫ْ ا‬0َ.‫ آ‬.2َ/َF 5 ِ ْَpْِ .ً 4َِ>ْ/ُC Hِ ْ$> .‫ق ا َ َ ُ آ‬
َ
َ َC .10

Drill #4 I"‫ اا‬2B=‫أ‬

199
 ‫ت َ‪ ٌ
ْ$‬آَ‪:+- ٌ
4‬‬
‫أَ ‪
ُX‬ا ُ‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫ق‬
‫ل ا ‪
ِ%‬ا ِ‬
‫ت‪ِ .2َP .‬‬ ‫ق‬
‫ق ب‪ .‬ا ‪
ِ%‬ا ِ‬ ‫ب ا ‪
ِ%‬ا ِ‬
‫أ‪ِ /َE .‬‬

‫‪ِ .F c‬ردٌ‪.‬‬ ‫ن ا ‪َ ْgI‬‬ ‫‪,‬‬‫‪ dَ ََY‬ا َ َ ُ ‪َ ُyَaْ2َT‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬

‫‪َ 0‬أ‪:ُ ِaْT‬‬ ‫‪XَA‬اً‪ ،‬آُ‪ُ ْ/‬‬
‫ق‬
‫‪ c‬ب‪.E .‬هَ َ ت‪َ
َ َC .‬‬ ‫أ‪َ ِ4َ .‬‬
‫‪ ŒA c‬ا ‪.ًَ.&ْ
ُC ِ َ%ْgَ2‬‬ ‫‪.P‬هَْ&ُ‪ُ ِَْ& .$‬‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫إ َذنْ ه‪:
ُ ُ%ْGَ& +‬‬
‫ف‬
‫أ‪ َِ/92NI .F .‬ب‪ ِXَ% .F .‬ت‪ِ َp .F .‬‬
‫ب َأنْ َ>ْ‪ dَ َ2‬آَ َم َأهْِ‪.ِy‬‬
‫أَ‪ ŒF‬ا ‪N .G‬‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫‪َ B‬أ‪ ....... ُy‬آَ‪.Hُ$َC‬‬ ‫‪َ Œ/ْ%َC‬ذ ِ َ‬
‫‪r‬‬
‫` ت‪َ .‬ر‪َ َ-‬‬ ‫‪ h‬ب‪ .‬وا‪َ َ-‬‬ ‫أ‪َ .‬ذ‪َ َF‬‬

‫' ‪. ...........‬‬
‫‪
ِ ِY6 +- 0‬ا  ِ‬
‫ َ‪ُ ْ%ِ2‬‬ ‫‪.5‬‬
‫\ ه‪:‬‬ ‫أَ‪ُ .ْYv‬ر …َ ُ
ا ‪ِ ِ ./ُ2‬‬
‫ت‪.ً%َْIَC .‬‬ ‫أ‪ .‬أَ‪j‬ا&ً‪ .‬ب‪َ .1َ1 .‬ء‬

‫' ‪ٍ .>َC‬ء‪.‬‬‫ض &ََ‪MْX‬ن ا ‪.g‬هِ َ

ِة أَ‪ً َ َE ........ .ً C-‬ة آُ ‬
‫َ‪ُ
ُ ْ%‬‬ ‫‪.6‬‬
‫ل‪:‬‬
‫ َأنْ أَ‪َ T‬‬
‫‪ُ ِ„ْ2ُ b .ً%ْ4َR‬‬
‫أ‪ .‬إ‪ِْF‬ا‪ ًL‬ب‪ ً-.gَ .‬ت‪ .‬دِ‪ًL.A‬‬

‫‪ ٌَ4
َT َ>َ +/َF َُ
َT‬إ Œ ‪. .........‬‬ ‫‪.7‬‬
‫ت ب‪ .‬ا ‪ ِ
ِj./‬ت‪َْF .‬ا َد‬ ‫أ‪ .‬ا ‪
ُX‬ا ِ‬

‫‪. ......... $- ،+gَj q‬‬

‫‪ B‬ا ‪ُ ْpG‬‬
‫ن َذ ِ َ‬
‫ َأنْ َ„ َ‬
‫‪ُ ِ„ْ2ُ b‬‬ ‫‪.8‬‬
‫أ‪ ٌ`ِ-./ُC .‬ب‪ .‬آَ
‪ ٌH‬ت‪ .‬أَ‪ٌC‬‬

‫‪.ِyِَ2َA َْA +‬‬

‫' ‪ ُyَ 9َ .Cَ ْ/ِA‬ا ‪N R
NG‬‬
‫&ََ‪ Hَ َ:ْ%‬ا 
‪ُ ُE‬‬ ‫‪.9‬‬
‫إ َذنْ ه‪:‬‬
‫‪ ٌ5ِL.Y‬ب‪.&ْ
ُC .‬حٌ ت‪ٌBِ>ْ2ُC .‬‬

‫‪200‬‬
 ‫‪َ +Aَ ُy,‬أآْ‪.Hُ َْ%َ .2ِC
َ َ:‬‬
‫ه ‪َ +/ُ4ِْ%ُ b‬‬ ‫‪.10‬‬
‫إ َذنْ ‪ +-‬رأ‪ +‬ه‪:‬‬
‫ف ‪.ًsَP‬‬
‫ ت‪ُ
ِ ْ%َ b .‬‬ ‫ف ‪ً َT‬‬ ‫ف آَ‪ً
:‬ا ب‪ُ
ِ ْ%َ .‬‬ ‫أ‪ُ
ِ ْ%َ .‬‬

‫‪/ْ2َC B‬عٌ‪.‬‬
‫ن َذ ِ َ‬
‫‪َ . +gَj .........‬ر&َ‪ +- ُy‬ا ‪ .g- Hِ َ%ْIَ2‬ا ‪ ُy‬إ ‬ ‫‪.11‬‬
‫‪ 0‬ت‪ .‬أَ‪ŒF‬‬ ‫' ب‪َ .‬أ‪َ َْ-‬‬ ‫أ‪ .‬أ‪َ َ%ْP‬‬

‫ج َر‪.ْ0َUَ-‬‬
‫ و َ‪ .$ََA ........ .2‬ا ‪M‬وا َ‬
‫إ َْ‪
 َ2‬تْ ‪ِ ََ/َ .2ُ$َُTَA‬‬ ‫‪.12‬‬
‫ض ب‪ .‬إ د‪
َ َY‬ت‪َ $َ/َ& .‬‬ ‫أ‪َ
َ َA .‬‬

‫‪.‬‬
‫‪,‬رْ‪ +- ِ1‬ا ‪ِ ]a‬‬ ‫&َ‪
ِF ْ0َA
 َ4‬ا&ِ‪ِ َ َA.>ُ2ِ .$ِ4‬ة ‪ ..َ1‬ا ‪ِ M َ$‬ة ا َ‬ ‫‪.13‬‬
‫‪َ B‬أ‪ ........... .$‬را&ِ‪..$َ4‬‬‫‪َ Œ/ْ%َC‬ذ ِ ِ‬
‫أ‪َ .‬أ‪)َ َY‬تْ ب‪َ .‬أ‪ ْ0َIْA‬ت‪ْ0َ-
َ َj .‬‬

‫‪ b‬آَ‪ً
:‬ا‪.‬‬
‫ت ا ‪
ِ ْGَ%‬ا‪ِ
َ Yَ,‬ة إ د‪ً .C .ْ
َY‬‬
‫ل ا >‪َ/‬ا ِ‬
‫‪َ ِY‬‬ ‫‪.14‬‬
‫‪َ 0‬أ‪:+/ْA‬‬‫‪ْXَA‬اً‪ ،‬آُ‪ُ ْ/‬‬
‫أ‪ .‬إ َْ َ‪ ./‬ب‪ ./ْ-
َ َj .‬ت‪َ .A .‬ر‪./ْ1‬‬

‫‪ 0‬ا ‪ َِْIُ%‬ا ‪َْ2‬رَ ِ‪.‬‬

‫\ إ Œ ا ‪
ْa‬ا ِء َو‪َ ْT‬‬
‫‪َ ...........‬أنْ َأذْهَ َ‬ ‫‪.15‬‬

‫ت‬
‫ت‪ َ%َ& .‬دْ ُ‬ ‫ت‬
‫ب‪َ .‬أ ْ‪ُ َْ/‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫أ‪ُ ْ2َ .gَ& .‬‬

‫‪.r‬‬‫‪ 0‬ا‪ِ َFَ,‬‬

‫ب ‪ ِْC‬ا ‪ِ َ4‬‬
‫ت ‪ِ
ُg .F .ً4
َ… .ًsَP‬‬
‫‪.P‬هَْ ُ‬ ‫‪.16‬‬
‫ت ‪! ............‬‬
‫هَ'ْ &ُ‪T]َa‬ا َأ‪.P +/‬هَْ ُ‬
‫ت ب‪ً َ >ُ .‬ة ت‪
ِY .‬ا‪.ً-‬‬ ‫أ‪ٍ .Fَ
َA .‬‬

‫‪ b‬آَ‪)َ$‬ا!‬
‫ن ‪.E‬رَ&‪¡ +/َْ 9َ +‬ا ً‬
‫‪,‬‬‫‪َ 0‬‬‫إ َْْ َ
‪ُ ْF‬‬ ‫‪.17‬‬
‫ل‪:‬‬
‫ن ا >‪¡N‬ا ُ‬ ‫إ َذنْ آ‪َ .‬‬
‫أ‪ .ً 4َA .‬ب‪ .ً 4ْ%َj .‬ت‪.ًX%َ1 .‬‬

‫‪ +‬إ Œ‪:‬‬
‫' ا‪N A.IْTv‬‬
‫‪َ َ ْ%َF‬أنْ ا َْ َ‪ ْ0‬ا ُ„‪ َُC‬ا ‪:‬رُ ‪ ŒA‬أرْ‪َ ،ِyِ1‬رَ َ‬ ‫‪.18‬‬
‫‪201‬‬
 ‫َْا َد‬F .‫ت‬ َْ>َ +/َF َِ
َT .‫ب‬ ِ
ِj./ ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

.‫ض‬
ِ ْ‫ر‬,‫Œ ا‬A ُyَْgْ ‫ أ‬H َ ،ِ'ُE
 ‫\ ا‬
ِ ِFَِF ُRْ
NG ‫ ا‬........ .19
ْ0َ„َ>ْC‫ َأ‬.‫ْ ت‬0َA
 َ4َ& .‫ْ ب‬0َ َْ ‫ إ‬.‫أ‬

. ......... ُy‫ل إ‬
ُ gَ  ُ َْ‫ و‬،َ‫ل‬gُ% ‫ْ>ِ ُ ا‬Xُ Hَ ْ% ‫ن ا‬
‫إ‬+
N A.IْTv‫ل ا‬.T .20
.$ُ„ُْ2َ .‫ ت‬.$/ْ4َ .‫ ب‬.$ُ%Iُ .‫أ‬

.‫ْ
ى‬Y‫ َ
َأ ٍة ُأ‬C.F ُyَُTَA ْ0َXِGُ‫ آ‬.Cَْ/ِA .ًَsَP ‫ل‬
َ gَ ْ‫ج َأن‬
ُ ‫و‬M ‫ ا‬........ ْHَ .21
ْd َ ََ .‫ْ ت‬Hَ‫ا‬Mََ .‫ َْ
ؤْ ب‬.‫أ‬

:+- َX‰َ ‫ُ ا‬yَ&.َ ُ َ ‫ ا‬Hُ ]َ%ُ2 ‫َ ََأ ا‬F .22

َِ/َ2 ‫ ا‬.‫َ
َِ ت‬g ‫ ا‬.‫َِ ب‬F. ‫ ا‬.‫أ‬

.ُyَCَ‫ آ‬......... ‫ ا )ي‬q

ُ ْpG ‫ ا‬./ُ4ِْ%ُ b .23
dُ Iَgََ .‫ض ت‬ ُ ‫ ِر‬.%ُ .‫ ُ ب‬%ُ .‫أ‬

:‫ َم‬.Cَ‫ُ أ‬yَFَ dُ َْpَ ْ‫Œ ا َ َ ُ َأن‬Fَ‫أ‬ .24

ِ َ ‫ ا‬Hِ ]َ%ُ2 ‫ ا‬.‫ت‬ َِ/ِ&.X ‫َ
َْأ ِة ا‬2 ‫ ا‬.‫َ
َِ ب‬g ‫' ا‬ ِ ْ‫ َأه‬.‫أ‬

.ْ‫َ َ
ت‬E.‫َْ ه‬T ‫ َ
ًة‬:َ‫ آ‬b
ً gُA ‫ن‬
 ‫ َأ‬+‫ق ه‬
ِ ‫ِ
ا‬% ‫ْ„ِََ ا‬GُC ‫ن‬
 ‫ل ا َ
 َ ُة إ‬
ُ gَ& .25
Here the newspaper is talking about:
a. a political problem
b. a brain-drain problem
c. an economic problem

202
Reading Exercise ‫ ا>اءة‬2B=D
Read the following words, phrases and sentences into your tape recorder, then listen to
them. Give the tape to your teacher to check your performance:

ْ0َ-
َ َj ْ‫َ َ)ت‬Y‫َأ‬ c
ُ َ4ْَ ُ %ُ b
ً .
.ً‫&َْر‬ 0
ُ ْ2َ .gَ& ‫ت‬
ُ ْ‫َ د‬%َ& ُ‫ ِرض‬.%ُ .ْ
َY‫إ د‬
َِ ‫َْ َر‬2 ‫َُ ا‬. ‫ ِم‬.%I ‫– ا‬ ُ ْ4َR َِ
َg ‫' ا‬ ُ ْ‫َأه‬ ٌََT ٌَ4ْ>ِ Hٍ ]َ%ُC ‫ل‬
ُ ‫أَ و‬
‫ي‬
N َ.: ‫ ا‬Hُ ْ% ‫لٌ ا‬4ْgَC ٌ‫ٌَ رأي‬4ْ%َj ٌ‫ة‬.َ ُ َ ‫ب ا‬ ُ : ‫ِ ا‬Hْ% ‫ُ ُ
ا‬C
.‫ل‬
َ gُ% ‫ ا‬+/ْ4َ Hَ ْ% ‫ن ا‬  ‫ِ َأ‬y- B َP b .2ِC
.‫ َر ِة‬: ‫ْ َ ا‬%َF ‫ض‬
َ ْ‫ر‬,‫َ
ا ُء ا‬gُX ‫ن ا‬ َ َX ‫ ا‬B َ َ2َ&
.‫ي‬
] ‫َ
َو‬g ‫ك ا َ َ ِ ا‬ ِ ُ ِْC َُ/ِ&.X ‫َ
َْأ ُة ا‬2 ‫ْ ا‬0َF
َ َْْ ‫إ‬
.‫ق‬ِ ‫Œ ا َ َر‬A ‫ب‬ َ ْ„َ2 ‫ٍَ ا „َ َم ا‬F%ُaِF ‫ب‬ ُ   NI ‫َ َ
َأ ا‬T
.ِ1ْ‫ر‬,‫ ِة ا‬M َ$ ‫ ا‬..َ1 ‫َ َ ِة‬A.>ُ2ِ .$ِ4ِ&‫' را‬ ] ُ„ِF ْ0َA
 َ4َ&
.َِ
َg ‫' ا‬ ِ ْ‫ َم َأه‬.Cَ‫– أ‬ َ ِ>ُ2 ‫ُ ا‬yَFَ dَ َْpَ ْ‫ي َأن‬
N ‫َ
َو‬g ‫Œ ا َ َ ُ ا‬Fَ‫أ‬
.َaِg ‫ ا‬B َ ْِ& ‫ق‬ُ ] َaُ ‫ن‬ َ .‫ٍ إذا آ‬Xَ%ِF َِ ‫َْ َر‬2 ‫ُ َ
ا‬C 0 ُ ْ 9َ َ
.
َ ]A.IْTv‫ ا‬dِ 2َE +1‫Œ أرا‬A ُ‫ر‬: ‫َُ ا‬C„ُ ‫ْ ا‬0َ َْ ‫إ‬
.ِC.% ‫َِ ا‬gَ ‫ ا‬+- ٍ َ%ْgَC ŒَA ِyَِْXِR dَ َC .ً.&ْ
ُC c ُ ُَْ ُyُ&َْ‫ه‬.P
‫؟‬Hِ$ِL./ْF‫ َأ‬Hِ ْ%َِ َِ ‫َْ َر‬2 ‫ ا‬c ِ  9ِF b ً .Xِْ‫َ
َِ إ‬g ‫َ ا‬- ' َ ِ2َA ‫ذا‬.C

203