GENERIC NAME: Ranitidine

BRAND NAME: Zantac

CLASSIFICATION
Therapeutic:
Anti-ulcer agents

MECHANISM OF ACTION
• Inhibits the action of histamine at the H2 receptor site
located primarily in gastric parietal cells, resulting in
inhibition of gastric acid secretion.

• In addition, ranitidine bismuth citrate has some

antibacterial action against H. pylori.

INDICATION
•Treatment and prevention of heartburn, acid indigestion,
and sour stomach.

CONTRA INDICATIONS
Contraindicated in:

•Hypersensitivity, Cross-sensitivity may occur; some oral

liquids contain alcohol and should be avoided in patients
with known intolerance.

Use Cautiously in:

• Renal impair- ment

• Geriatric patients (more
susceptible to adverse CNS reactions)
• Pregnancy or Lactation

SIDE EFFECTS/ ADVERSE EFFECTS

• CNS:
Confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, hallucinations,
headache

• CV:
Arrhythmias

• GI:
Altered taste, black tongue, constipation, dark stools,
diarrhea, drug-induced hepatitis, nausea

• GU:
Decreased sperm count, impotence

• ENDO:
Gynecomastia

• HEMAT:
Agranulocytosis, Aplastic Anemia, neutropenia,
thrombocytopenia

• LOCAL:
Pain at IM site

• MISC:
Hypersensitivity reactions, vasculitis

GENERIC NAME: Cefuroxime

BRAND NAME: Ceftin

CLASSIFICATION
Mechanism of Action:

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins
(PBPs) which in turn inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in
bacterial cell walls, thus inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis. Bacteria eventually lyse due to
ongoing activity of cell wall autolytic enzymes (autolysins and murein hydrolases) while cell
wall assembly is arrested.

Contraindications:

• Hypersensitivity to cefuroxime, any component of the formulation, or other

cephalosporins

• Patients with known allergy to penicillins or cephalosphorins

iNDICATION :

· Both cefuroxime sodium and cefuroxime axetil is used in treating infections of Upper and
Lower respiratory tract, skin and soft tissue, UTI, bone & joint infections and gonococcal
infections.

· Cefuroxime sodium on addition is indicated in treating serious infection pending

bacteriological identification, Meningitis, Prophylaxis against infection in surgical procedures,
Urinary infections, Patients with renal failure undergoing CAPD (continuous ambulatory
peritoneal dialysis).

· Cefuroxime axetil is also indicated in treating and preventing Lyme disease.

ADVERSE REACTIONS :

Anaphylaxis, pseudomembranous colitis, nausea and vomiting, transient elevation of liver

enzymes.

Adverse Reactions

GI
Nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; anorexia; abdominal pain or cramps; flatulence; colitis, including
pseudomembranous colitis.

Genitourinary

Pyuria; renal dysfunction; dysuria; reversible interstitial nephritis; hematuria; toxic nephropathy.

Hematologic

Eosinophilia; neutropenia; lymphocytosis; leukocytosis; thrombocytopenia; decreased platelet

function; anemia; aplastic anemia; hemorrhage.

Hepatic

Hepatic dysfunction; abnormal LFT results.

Miscellaneous

Hypersensitivity, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal

necrolysis; candidal overgrowth; serum sickness–like reactions (eg, skin rashes, polyarthritis,
arthralgia, fever); phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, and pain at injection site.