DOPAMINE

It is naturally occuring orgainc amine.

Action :-
It acts on alpha & beta adrenergic receptors. it additionally acts on dopaminergic
(D2) receptors in renal & mesentric blood vessels, dilates them.
ON HEART : it has positive inotropic but little chronotropic effect.
Iv infusion raises cardiac output & systolic BP, little effect on diastolic BP.
INDICATIONS :
Hemodynamic imbalances present in shock syndrome caused by hypovolaemia,
myocardial infarction,
trauma.
endotoxins
septicaemia
open heart surgery.
acute renal failure & chronic cardiac decompensation in congestive failure.
DOSAGE :-
ADULTS : 2-50 mcg.kg.min can be increased upto 100 mcg/kg/min by slow iv
infusion.
CHILDREN : 2-20 mcg/kg/min.
CONTRA INDICATION :-
pheochromocytoma
uncorrected tachycardia
ventricular fibrilation
hyperthyroidisom
SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS :
Dopamine must be diluted before iv administraion.
hypovolamemia must be corrected before administrering.

SIDE EFFECTS :
Nausea
vomiting
ectopic beats
tachycardia
anginal pain
palpations
hypotension
dyspnoea
headache
vasoconstriction
DRUG INTERACTIONS :
Anaesthetics may cause cardiac arrhythmias,
MAOIs increases the effect of dopamin.