Daniel Valverde Menasalvas, English, 4ESO 2014

Teacher: Mara Soledad Fernndez Hdez

1

Maria Goeppert-Mayer


-Field: Science, Physics
-Famous for: Theoretical physicist:
Nuclear Shell Structure
Nobel Prize laureate (1963)
-Biography facts:
-Born: June 28, 1906 in Kattowitz, Prussia
(German Empire)
-Died: February 20, 1972 (aged 65)
San Diego, California, United States
-Citizenship Germany and United States



-Family:
-Her father, Friedrich Goeppert, was a university professor of pediatrics.
-Her mather was Maria nee Wolff.
-She had no sibling.
-She was closer to her mother than her mother.

-Education:
She went to private and public schools in Gttingen and had the great fortune to have
very good teachers.She took her doctorate at the University at Gttingen in theoretical
physics.

-Life and career:
She was born in 1906 in Kattowith. In 1910 her father went as Professor of Pediatrics
to Gttingen where she spent most of her life until marriage.

In the spring of 1924 she enrolled at the University at Gttingen, with the intention of
becoming a mathematician. But soon she found herself more attracted to physics. This
was the time when quantum mechanics was young and exciting.

Except for one term which she spent in Cambridge, England, where her greatest profit
was to learn English, her entire university career studies took place in Gttingen. She is
deeply indebted to Max Born, who was her doctoral advisor, for his kind guidance of her
scientific education. She took her doctorate in 1930 in theoretical physics.

In 1930 she went with Joseph Edward Mayer to the Johns Hopkins University in
Baltimore. This was the time of the depression, and no university would think of
employing the wife of a professor. But she kept working, just for the fun of doing
physics.

In 1946 they went to Chicago. This was the first place where she was not considered a
nuisance, but greeted with open arms. She was suddenly a Professor in the Physics
Department and in the Institute for Nuclear Studies.

During her time at Chicago and Argonne in the late 1940s, Goeppert Mayer developed
a mathematical model for the structure of nuclear shells, which she published in 1950.

Daniel Valverde Menasalvas, English, 4ESO 2014
Teacher: Mara Soledad Fernndez Hdez

2
Her model explained why certain numbers of nucleons in an atomic nucleus result in
particularly stable configurations.

In 1963, Goeppert Mayer, Jensen, and Wigner shared the Nobel Prize for Physics "for
their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure. She was the second female Nobel
laureate in physics, after Marie Curie.

-Notable awards and honors:
-Nobel Prize for Physics

-Quotes:
Mathematics began to seem too much like puzzle solving. Physics is puzzle solving,
too, but of puzzles created by nature, not by the mind of man.

On winning the Nobel Prize in Physics, 1963: Winning the prize wasn't half as
exciting as doing the work itself.

-My nomination: I think this woman is really important because she is a good example of
how important women can be in sciences. She showed that any women can achieve as
much as any man or even more.

-Sources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Goeppert-Mayer
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1963/mayer-bio.html
http://womenshistory.about.com/cs/quotes/a/qu_goeppertmayr.htm


-Pictures:

Maria walking into the Nobel
ceremony with King Gustaf VI
Adolf in 1963


Summer Symposium in Theoretical Physics,
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan

Attending this summer physics symposium, are Maria
Goeppert Mayer (left), Joseph Mayer, Robert Atkinson,
Paul Ehrenfest, and Lars Onsager. Goeppert and
Onsager both went on to win the Nobel prize in
physics.

Daniel Valverde Menasalvas, English, 4ESO 2014
Teacher: Mara Soledad Fernndez Hdez

!


Beyonc

-Field: Music
-Famous as: Singer, actress and producer
-Biography facts:
-Born: September 4th 1981, in Houston, Texas
-Family:
-Beyonc's younger sister, Solange, is also a
singer and actress.
- Mathew, her father, is African-American, while
Tina, her mother, is of Louisiana Creole
descent.


-Education:
Beyonc was educated at St. Mary's Elementary School in Fredericksburg, Texas, where she
enrolled in dance classes. Beyonc's interest in music and performing continued after
winning a school talent show at age seven.

In fall of 1990, Beyonc enrolled in Parker Elementary School, a music magnet school in
Houston, where she would perform with the school's choir. She also attended the High
School for the Performing and Visual Arts and later Alief Elsik High School. Beyonc was also
a member of the choir at St. John's United Methodist Church as a soloist for two years.

-Life and career:
Born and raised in Houston, Texas, she performed in various singing and dancing
competitions as a child, and rose to fame in the late 1990s as lead singer of R&B girl-group
Destiny's Child. Managed by her father Mathew Knowles, the group became one of the
world's best-selling girl groups of all time. Their hiatus saw the release of Beyonc's debut
album, Dangerously in Love (2003), which established her as a solo artist worldwide; it sold
11 million copies, earned five Grammy Award.

Following the disbandment of Destiny's Child in 2005, she released her second solo album,
B'Day (2006). Beyonc also ventured into acting, with a Golden Globe-nominated
performance in Dreamgirls (2006), and starring roles in The Pink Panther (2006) and
Obsessed (2009).

Her marriage to rapper Jay-Z and portrayal of Etta James in Cadillac Records (2008)
influenced her third album, I Am... Sasha Fierce (2008)

Her fifth studio album, Beyonc (2013), was critically acclaimed and was distinguished from
previous releases by its experimental production and exploration of darker themes.

Beyonc's songs are often characterized by themes of love, relationships, and monogamy,
as well as female sexuality and empowerment. On stage, her dynamic, highly
choreographed performances have led to critics hailing her as one of the best entertainers in
contemporary popular music. She is one of the best-selling music artists of all time.

-Notable awards and honors:

Daniel Valverde Menasalvas, English, 4ESO 2014
Teacher: Mara Soledad Fernndez Hdez

4
-She has won 17 Grammy Awards.
-She has sold over 75 million records as a solo artist, and a further 60 million with Destiny's
Child.
-She was included in Time magazine's list of the 100 most influential people in the world in
2013 and 2014.


-Quotes:


If everything was perfect, you wolud never learn and you wolud never grow.
Power means happiness; power means hard work and sacrifice.


-My nomination:


I have chosen this woman to prove that women can make music and art the same way
that men do. I think she is a really a good example of a successful woman and I like
her songs.


-Sources:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9
http://www.thebiographychannel.co.uk/biographies/beyonce-knowles.html
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/b/beyonce_knowles.html

-Pictures:


Performing Loved and acclaimed by her fans


One of her powerful performances. With her husband at a basket match


Daniel Valverde Menasalvas, English, 4ESO 2014
Teacher: Mara Soledad Fernndez Hdez

"







Breaking news

In a recent interview with GQ, pop icon Beyonc Knowles struck a serious note when talking about
sexism, specifically on the issue of the gender pay gap the fact that women are paid, on average,
77 cents to a mans dollar.
Equality is a myth, Knowles said, launching into an explanation of the impact that a lack of equal pay
on the entertainment industry:
ou know, equality is a myth, and for some reason, everyone accepts the fact
that women dont make as much money as men do. I dont understand that. !hy
do we have to take a backseat? she says.
I truly believe that women should be financially independent from their men. "nd lets
face it: Money gives men the power to run the show. It gives men the power to
define value. They define whats sexy. nd men define whats feminine. Its
ridiculous.
Full interview click: http://thinkprogress.org/economy/2013/01/14/1445271/beyonce-gender-pay-gap/