A Proposed Integrated Transport Terminal For Barbaza, Antique

A PROPOSED INTEGRATED TRANSPORT TERMINAL
FOR BARBAZA, ANTIQUE

A Project Study
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Course CE 5102 Civil Engineering Project by:

Ruby Faith D. Espinosa
Mark B. Kho Yute
Charles C. Suobiron

Engr. Erwin L. Rizardo
Adviser

Civil Engineering Department
College of Engineering
Central Philippine University
Jaro, Iloilo City
October 2013
ACKNOWLEDGMENT

We would like to thank the following:
Engr. Erwin Rizardo, our adviser, and Engr. Shevanee Ruth Dela Cruz, the
coordinator of the course subject, for helping us throughout the making of the study.
Engr. Mary Earl Daryl Grio and Engr. Gerardo Gepulango, faculty of CPU Civil
Engineering Department, for sharing their knowledge to us every time we seek technical
advice; Also, Engr. Vitini Edhard Idemne, faculty of CPU Electronics and
Communications Engineering, for helping us in our electrical estimates;
Engr. Emmanuel Juanitas, Municipal Engineer of Barbaza, for becoming our
main consultant in Antique. Former Mayor Faith Francisco, the municipal officials, and
residents of Barbaza for responding to our data gathering;
CPU Math and Physics Department for helping us in the analysis of our data;
Department of Public Works and Highways and Ceres Liner Maintenance
Department for providing us the necessary information for the study;
Our families and friends who warmly supported us throughout the making of this
project study; Kho Yutes family who always welcomed us to their residence which
became the major place in the making of the study;
Our classmates, CPU Civil Engineering Batch 2014, for helping us in many
different ways, from sharing their knowledge and resources to simply encouraging us.
Above all, the Almighty God, whom by His grace made all these things possible.

The Research Team
TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE ..
APPROVAL SHEET ..
ACKNOWLEDGMENT .
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES .......
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ....
1.1 Background and Rationale of the Study ..
1.2 Problem Definition ..
1.3 Ultimate Objective ..
1.4 Specific Objectives ..
1.5 Operational Variable and Key Terms ..
1.6 Significance of the Study ....
1.7 Scope and Limitation ..
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ......
2.1 The Function of Transport Terminals .
2.2 Design of Transport Terminals ...
CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY
3.1 Data Gathering
3.2 Data Analysis ..
3.3 Resources and Facilities ..
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ii
iii
iv
vi
viii
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6
8
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10
11
12
12
14
15
15
16
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CHAPTER IV: PROJECT AREA ...
4.1 Physical Features .
4.2 Infrastructure Resources ..
4.3 Economic Structure .
4.4 Proposed Site of the Transport Terminal
CHAPTER V: THE PROPOSED PROJECT ..
5.1 Project Description ..
5.2 Architectural Plans ..
5.3 Structural Plans ...
5.4 Electrical Plans ....
5.5 Plumbing Plans
5.6 Traffic Design .
5.7 Construction Specifications .
5.8 Project Cost and Work Schedule .
CHAPTER VI: PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION ..
CHAPTER VII: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...
REFERENCES ....
APPENDICES .....
Appendix A Structural Design and Analysis ...
Appendix B Detailed Estimates ..
Appendix C Topographic Survey
Appendix D Questionnaire Survey ..
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32
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84
149
158
163

LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES

List of Figures

Figure 1.1 Map of Philippines showing the location of Antique .....
Figure 1.2 Map of Panay Island showing the location of Barbaza ..
Figure 1.3 Map of Panay Island showing its towns .
Figure 1.4 National road along Barbaza ..
Figure 1.5 Bus unloading a passenger along the national road ...
Figure 1.6 Tricycles parking along the national road ..
Figure 4.1 Slope map ...
Figure 4.2 Soil map .

Figure 4.3 Location of the proposed terminal (right view) .
Figure 4.4 Location of the proposed terminal (left view)

List of Tables

Table 1.1 Tourist destinations .
Table 1.2 Types and number of registered vehicles
Table 4.1 Slope distribution .
Table 4.2 Soil type distribution ...

Table 5.1 Summary of estimates .
Table 5.2 Work schedule .

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2
3
5
7
8
21
23
27
28

4
6
20
22
67
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A PROPOSED INTEGRATED TRANSPORT TERMINAL FOR
BARBAZA, ANTIQUE

ABSTRACT

A terminal may be defined as any facility where passengers and
freight are assembled or dispersed. Terminals are central and intermediate locations in the
movements of passengers and a necessary part of any transport system. By using
schedule of services and a common loading and unloading area for public vehicles,
terminals generally provide comfort, speed, and efficiency to passengers.
An integrated transport terminal is proposed at Brgy. Poblacion, Barbaza, Antique
to address problems of delays, missed trips, and inconvenience caused by uncertainty of
travel schedule and loading of passengers along the highway. The transport terminal will
cater services for nearby municipalities and can accommodate four different modes of
land transportation: bus (local and RORO bus), public utility jitney (PUJ), van (PUV),
and tricycle.
The project study is supported with architectural, structural, electrical and
plumbing plans, construction specifications, cost estimates, and work schedule. The
structure was designed using the codes and specifications of the National Structural Code
of the Philippines (NSCP 2010). Ultimate Stress Design and Allowable Stress Design
methods were used in designing concrete and steel members respectively.
The project cost is estimated to 15,314,438.45 with 82 working days to finish.
The project will be funded by the Municipality of Barbaza through the Department of
Finance in Manila.
Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents the background, rationale, objectives, significance of the study of

the study, and scope and limitations of the study

1.1 Background and Rationale of the Study

Terminals are a necessary part of any transport system. It may be defined as any
facility where passengers and freight are assembled or dispersed. Terminals are designed
to insure a continuity of the flows that will generally provide comfort, speed, and
efficiency. Transportation terminals are also focal points of economic activity.
Transportation terminals are also focal points of economic activity. The traffic
flowing through terminals and the need to transfer freight between the modes gives
opportunities to other activities to use locational advantages. Manufacturing firms can
locate near terminals. Also, terminals are linked with the service sector because terminal
activity creates demands for a very wide range of transport services.
Barbaza is a 4th Class municipality located at the central part of the province of
Antique in Region VI (Western Visayas). Barbaza is situated along the Philippine
National Highway linking the four provinces of Panay Island. The total population of
Barbaza as of 2010 is 21,775. Previous censuses of population show a continual increase
in number since 1970. By the year 2022, Barbaza has a projected population of 27,425.

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Figure 1.1 Map of Philippines Showing the Location of Antique

Figure 1.2 Map of Panay Island Showing the Location of Barbaza
3

Figure 1.3 Map of Panay Island Showing its Towns

Barbaza is an agricultural and coastal community. It is the 3
rd
largest rice-
producing municipality in the province of Antique and exports rice to provincial and
regional markets. Barbazas geographical location and nearness to different economic
centers such as Kalibo, Aklan, Roxas City, Passi City, and Iloilo City makes the
municipality within reach to a variety of economic investments.

4

Tourism in Barbaza relies on nature spots and on historical sites and structures.
Coral reefs, beaches, forest parks, waterfalls, caves, and spring abound for tourism
development. Macalbag Water Falls in Brgy. Mablad and Cadiao Falls in Brgy. Cadiao
are sites where people visit during summer time. Caves can be found in Brgy. Mablad
and Brgy. Esparar. They are abodes of limestone where intricate stalactite and stalagmite
are found.

Historical
Jinalinan Plaza (the site of the peace treaty between Gen. Fullon and the
American Forces in Panay Island)
Natural
Esparar Cave
Makalbag Falls
Mablad Caves
Cadiao Falls
Batabat Coral Reef
Religious Barbaza Catholic Church
Man-Made
Kaigangan Diversion Dam
Villa Alianza Resort
Welbeck Inland Resort

Table 1.1Tourist Destinations

Barbaza is known for its Abaca Fiber being declared by FIDA as a world class
fiber which can be found in the upland barangays of the municipality. Being the largest
producer of Abaca Fiber in the province, the product serves as the theme of the annual
agro-industrial fair being celebrated every 2nd week of March named as Kigihan
Festival. The festival brings back Barbaza balikbayans bringing with them their foreign
friends.
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Figure 1.4 National Road Along Barbaza

Transportation services in Barbaza are generally provided by tricycles, public
utility jitneys (PUJs), public utility vans (PUVs), and buses. The public utility vehicles
are used to transport passengers from Barbaza to Kalibo, San Jose, and Iloilo or vice
versa. Tricycle, on the other hand, is the common means of transportation to most
barangays. There are also daily buses available going back and forth to Manila that pass
by the town via the roll-on/roll-off (RORO) nautical highway. A total of 647 motor
vehicles are accounted for in the Municipality of Barbaza.

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Type of vehicle Number Type of vehicle Number
Jitney 20 Owner-type jeep 47
Private
Public
17
3
Private
Public
46
1
Automobile 28 Truck 18
Private
Government
26
2
Private
Government
16
2
Motorcycle 87 Bus 4
Tricycle 321 Van 11
Private
Public
17
302
Private
Public
2
9
Ambulance 2 TOTAL 647

Table 1.2Types and Number of Registered Vehicles

1.2 Problem Definition

The municipality has no terminal for public utility jitneys, tricycles, and
motorcycles. At present, the existing parking area or terminal for public utility jitneys
and tricycles is located in front of the public market which becomes more crowded with
the increasing number of utility vehicles operating every year.
A site visit and opinion survey of the residents of Barbaza resulted in the
following identification of problems:
Passengers in Barbaza purchase tickets through ticketing businesses (e.g. Dimple
Stars) found on different sari-sari stores and they are given estimated time of arrival of
the RORO buses. Delays are usually encountered by the passengers. There are also
cases where they miss the bus due to the wrong estimation of arrival time. In the case of
other public vehicles that do not use a ticketing system, like buses of Ceres Liners and
tricycles, waiting passengers do not have the assurance that there are available and not
fully occupied vehicles to ride on at specific times of day. These uncertainty problems
7

with regard to arrival time of RORO buses and availability of vehicles are most important
to be considered for the safety of the passengers who travel during the night. These
problems also result to inefficient use of time and effort of the passengers.
Current transportation system in Barbaza shows an unsafe and disorganized traffic
flow. Public vehicles load and unload passengers anytime and anywhere along the
national road of the town. Because of the narrow highway, buses load and unload the
passengers on the vehicle lane. With the absence of designated loading and unloading
area, accidents are more probable to take place. Moreover, PUJs and tricycles usually
park in front of the market and the school which becomes more crowded with the
increasing number of utility vehicles operating every year.

Figure 1.5 Bus Unloading a Passenger Along the National Road

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The present tricycle system of Barbaza is not organized. Tricycles comprise
majority of the public vehicles yet there is no terminal to organize their services and load
the passengers properly. Thus, drivers tend to compete in picking the passengers. Also,
since they roam around the municipality looking for passengers, it results to high
consumption of gasoline, and ultimately to a low profit.

Figure 1.6 Tricycles Parking Along the National Road

1.3 Ultimate Objective

The ultimate objective of this study is to design an integrated transport terminal
for Barbaza, Antique.

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1.4 Specific Objectives

To achieve the ultimate objective, the following specific objectives were met:
1. Coordinated with the Municipality Engineer;
2. Obtained necessary data from the municipality regarding the project
area like population census and registered vehicles;
3. Conducted visual inspection of the site and surveyed the area;
4. Interviewed municipal officials, drivers, passengers, vendors and other
residents regarding the existing transportation system; and
5. Prepared complete plans, detail specifications, work program, and cost
estimates.

1.5 Operational Variable and Key Terms

A terminal is any facility where passengers and freight are assembled or
dispersed in the transportation process.
A tricycle is a 3-wheeled vehicle propelled by a motor. It is often used for public
transportation.
Public Utility Van (PUV) is a multipurpose enclosed motor vehicle having a
boxlike shape, rear or side doors, and side panels (often with windows) used for public
transportation.
Public Utility Jitney (PUJ) is a vehicle smaller than a bus that carries passengers
over a regular route on a flexible schedule and is available for use by the general public.
Buses are large motor vehicles designed to carry passengers usually along a fixed
route according to a schedule.
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The Roll-on, Roll-off, popularly known as RORO, is an inter-island system of
transportation that involves the driving of a motorized land vehicle in and out of an inter-
island ferry or cargo ship. It is basically a mode of transportation designed to carry
wheeled vehicles such as cars, trucks, cargo trucks, trailers, etc. over a body of water.
Some RORO vessels also transport passengers.
Ceres Liner is a bus line under Vallacar Transit Inc., the largest public land
transportation company in the island of Negros, Philippines. It operates bus transport
service to the whole island of Negros from Bacolod City to Panay, Cebu and Samar-
Leyte islands.
A municipality is a local government unit in the Philippines. Municipalities are
also called towns.

1.6 Significance of the Study

The construction of the terminal will provide an organized system of
transportation in Barbaza. It will provide the passengers a more convenient and efficient
transportation service while preventing loss of their time and effort.
Because of the scheduling of services and continuity of transport services, the
terminal will provide public vehicle drivers the assurance of having passengers in their
trips, and help the tricycle drivers reduce their high fuel consumption caused by roaming
around, looking for passengers. The terminal, therefore, will help increase the income of
PUJ and tricycle drivers in Barbaza in a time-efficient manner.
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The terminal will help decrease the accident rates in Barbaza by providing a
separate loading area for public vehicles and a safe waiting area for passengers that
would mostly benefit the night-time travelers.
The terminal will improve the economic status of Barbaza by increasing the
employment rate through hiring necessary people for the needed terminal services. It will
also bring locational advantages like the operation of different businesses in the vicinity.
An organized system of transportation through terminals will also bring good
accommodation for tourists and therefore boost the tourism of the municipality.

1.7 Scope and Limitation

This study includes all architectural, structural, electrical, and plumbing plans,
structural analysis and details, construction specifications, project cost and estimates, and
work schedule of the proposed integrated transport terminal. The actual construction,
implementation and maintenance of the project are not included in the study. The study
does not include any view regarding the administration and management of the terminal
and the assessment regarding its environmental impacts.

Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES

This chapter presents the review of literature and other related studies

2.1 The Function of Transport Terminals

2.1.1 The Nature of Transport Terminals

Terminals are a necessary part of any transport system. A terminal may be
defined as any facility where passengers and freight are assembled or dispersed. Both
cannot travel individually, but in batches. Terminals may be points of interchange
involving the same mode of transport. They may also be points of interchange between
different modes of transportation. Transport terminals are central and intermediate
locations in the movements of passengers and freight. They often require specific
facilities and equipment to accommodate the traffic they handle.

2.1.2 Economic Advantages of Transport Terminals

Transportation terminals are focal points of economic activity. The traffic
flowing through terminals and the need to transfer freight between the modes gives
opportunities to other activities to use locational advantages. There have been long
standing advantages for certain types of manufacturing to locate near terminals. Also,
terminals are linked with the service sector. Terminal activity creates demands for a very
wide range of transport services. These include activities as diverse as locomotive repair,
kitchens, warehousing, duty free stores, and freight forwarders. Together they comprise
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an important business sector that contributes to the overall effectiveness of the terminal.
In addition to the linkages with manufacturing and the service sector, terminals are major
employers in their own right. In order to operate a major terminal requires a wide range
of employee skills. Terminals, therefore, is a source of employment and benefit regional
economic activities, notably by providing accessibility to suppliers and customers. They
become foci of economic activity because they generate links to other sectors of the
economy. Terminals are frequently considered as growth poles.

2.1.3 Terminal Costs

Because they jointly perform transfer and consolidation functions, terminals are
important economically because of the costs incurred in carrying out these activities.
Terminal costs represent an important component of total transport costs. They are fixed
costs that are incurred regardless of the length of the eventual trip, and vary significantly
between the modes. They can be considered as:
1. Infrastructure costs. Include construction and maintenance costs of structures.
2. Transshipment costs. The costs of loading and unloading passengers or
freight.
3. Administration costs. Many terminals are managed by institutions.
Administration costs are incurred.
A truck or a passenger bus can be loaded much more quickly, and hence the
terminal costs for road transport are the lowest.

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2.2 Design of Transport Terminals

An important factor which determines the level of transportation service is the
design of a transport terminal. Apart from comfort, speed, and efficiency in trunk
movement, what contributes to passenger satisfaction is the planning of the terminal in
such a manner that its internal layout minimizes the possible disorientation of a passenger
as he alights from his vehicle and rushes into the terminal building desiring that he be
enabled to proceed to the destination without undue loss of time.
Layouts and activities taking place in passenger terminals tend to be simple and
require relatively little equipment. This is because individual mobility is the means by
which passengers access buses, ferries or trains. They may appear congested at certain
times of the day, but the flows of people can be managed successfully with good design
of platforms and access points, and with appropriate scheduling of arrivals and
departures. The amount of time passengers spend in such terminals tends to be brief.
Transport terminal facilities may include: arrival and departure lanes; traffic
control facilities; terminal administration areas; terminal operations, maintenance, safety,
and security areas; parking areas for terminal personnel, customers, and visitors; and
transport vehicle servicing areas.

Chapter III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the methodology of the study, specifically the site visit, data

gathering, surveying, architectural plans, and structural design and analysis

3.1 Data Gathering

3.1.1 Site Visit

Site visits were conducted to investigate the present situation around the vicinity.
Informal interviews with the Mayor, the municipal officials, and the residents were
conducted regarding their opinion and ideas about the current transportation system of
Barbaza.
With the help of the Municipal Engineer, the proposed site of the terminal was
inspected visually and observations were noted regarding the flow of traffic, and the
characteristics of the site and its surroundings. The boundaries for the proposed project
were also located.

3.1.2 Questionnaire Survey

To determine the acceptability of the residents on the proposed project,
questionnaires were made and distributed to 50 drivers and 50 passengers by convenience
sampling. The sample questionnaire and the summary of the results are found in
Appendix E.

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3.1.3 Topographic Survey

The site was surveyed using inclined sights. Different points were located within
the proposed site, its boundaries, and its surroundings. The values obtained, the detailed
computations, and the resulting topographic map are found in Appendix D.

3.2 Data Analysis

3.2.1 Development of Plans

Architectural plans were conceptualized using the data on the registered vehicles
of Barbaza. The dimensions of the design vehicle for the bus lane was based on the
largest RORO bus that passes by Barbaza (data obtained from the Maintenance
Department of Ceres Liner at Buhang, Jaro).
Architectural, electrical, and plumbing plans were aided by able professionals.

3.2.2 Structural Design and Analysis

Details were prepared with utmost simplicity, accuracy, and clarity for easy
understanding in construction. Beams are designed to have uniform dimensions for
aesthetic and economic purposes.

3.2.2.1 Material Properties and Data Specifications

Compressive strength of concrete (fc) and yield stress of steel (fy) used were
based on the usage of the structure and availability of materials in the market. Unit
weight of soil was based on construction practices in Antique.

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For beams and slabs, fc = 28 MPa
For columns, fc = 21 MPa
For all structural members, fy = 275 MPa
Weight of concrete, Wc = 23.5 KN/m
3

Allowable soil bearing capacity, qa = 50 kPa
Unit weight of soil = 15.7 KN/m
3

3.2.2.2 Design Code, Standards, and Method

The structure was designed using the codes and specifications of the National
Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP 2010). The design for terminal slabs was
based on the standards set by the Department of Public Works and Highway. The
properties of steel are based on ASEP Steel Manual.
Ultimate Stress Design (USD) method was used in the design and analysis of
reinforced concrete members. While Allowable Stress Design (ASD) method was used
for steel. Throughout the design of structural members, all columns and footings are
assumed to be axially loaded.

3.2.2.3 Design Load Specifications

Roofing (arched beam)
Dead load: G.I. sheet = 0.08 KPa

Roofing (diagonal beam)
Dead load: G.I. sheet = 0.08 KPa

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Roofing (minor structure)
Dead loads:
Acoustical fiber board = 0.05 KPa
Mechanical duct allowance = 0.20 KPa
Water-proofing membranes (liquid applied) = 0.03 KPa
Insulation (1 cm fiber board) = 0.028 KPa

3.3 Resources and Facilities

Background information of the project area was taken from the two
Comprehensive Land Use Plans of Barbaza (2004-2014 and 2012-2022) obtained at the
Office of the Municipality. The CLUP contains the record of the registered local
vehicles, maps, physical features of Barbaza, and its human resources and economic
structure. Reference books, online articles, and past project studies of CPU Civil
Engineering Department were also used to support the study.
Theodolite and stadia rods were used in the topographic survey.
AutoCAD software was used to draft all plans and the topographic map.
Spreadsheet software Microsoft Office Excel (MS Excel) was used in the computation of
elevations, structural analysis, and cost estimates. Statistical Product and Service
Solutions (SPPS) tool was used in analyzing the results of the questionnaire survey.
Cameras were used to document opinion surveys and pictures of the site. Laptops
were used to secure all data and prepare all required reports.
Chapter IV

PROJECT AREA

This chapter profiles the project area of the proposed project plan

4.1 Physical Features

4.1.1 Land Area

Barbaza is located in the central part of Antique. It has a total land area of
15,436.333 hectares, of which 9,207.964 (60%) hectares are timberland and 5,674.951
(40%) hectares, alienable and disposable lands.

4.1.2 Geographic Location

The municipality is located at 11 11 48 855 N latitude 122 0214 191 E
longitude. It is bounded in the north by the municipality of Tibiao, on the east by the
municipality of Tapaz, Capiz, on the south by the municipality of Laua-an, and the Cuyo
East Pass on the west. It is 60 kilometers away from San Jose de Buenavista, the
provincial capital and 160 kilometers away from Iloilo City.

4.1.3 Political Subdivision

Barbaza is one of the 18 municipalities in the Province of Antique. It is
composed of 39 barangays, which are divided into two categories, the lowland and the
upland areas.

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4.1.4 Geology

The underlying rocks of the Municipality of Barbaza are mostly igneous. These
rocks are metamorphic and igneous rock in nature and mostly found on the eastern
section of the municipality. The parent materials of these rocks belong to Lumboyan
Formation, Baloy Volcanics and Qauternary Alluvium. Aside from this basalt formation,
coralline limestone rock deposits are also found in Barbaza and are mostly concentrated
in the hills of the southern and eastern parts of the municipality.

4.1.5 Elevation and Slope

The municipality has the highest elevation of 2,325m found in Mt. Nangtud,
Barangay Mayabay. The 0-3% slope which is equal to 2,375.70 hectares is considered to
be alienable and disposable area based on the topographic map of National Mapping and
Research Institute Agency (NAMRIA). The slope 18% and above accounts for
12,282.97 hectares. These areas include the proclaimed timberland (9,207.96 has.).

Range Land Area (ha) % Distribution
0-3% (Level to Nearly Level) 2,375.70 15.39
3%- 18 % ( Gently to Undulating) 777.34 5.04
18-30% ( Strongly Sloping to Moderate Steep) 508.40 3.29
30-50% (Steep Hills & Mountainous) 1,193.12 7.73
50% & Above (Very Steep Hills & Mountainous) 10,581.45 68.55
TOTAL 15,436.33 100%

Table 4.1Slope Distribution
Figure 4.1 Slope Map
4.1.6 Soils

There are five soil types found in the Municipality of Barbaza namely:
Alimodian Sandy Loam, Umingan Sandy loam, San Manuel Clay, Beach Sand and
Mountain Soil Undifferentiated.

Soil Type Land Area (has) % Distribution
Alimodian Sandy Clay 6,599.47 42.75
Umingan Sandy Loam 729.05 4.72
San Manuel Clay 1,013.11 6.56
Beach Sand 129.29 0.84
Mountain Undifferentiated Soils 6,932.49 44.91
River sand 32.6 0.21
TOTAL 15,436.01 100.00

Table 4.2Soil Type Distribution

4.1.7 Mineral Resources

The mountainous area of the municipality are rich in Manganese, Copper, Gold
and Marble which can be found in the upland barangays of Mayabay, Lombuyan,
Marigne, Mablad, Idao, Igpalge and Esparar. Other mineral deposits such as limestone
can be found in Esparar. Sand and gravel is being extracted in identified rivers and is
being used for infrastructure projects.

4.1.8 Water Resources

The main river, Dalanas River is 43 kilometers long, 23 kilometers falls under the
jurisdiction of the municipality. A substantial number of rivers, creeks and small
tributaries lead to Dalanas River. Six of them are within the jurisdiction of Barbaza.

Figure 4.2 Soil Map
Natural springs and ground water, which are common sources for potable water,
abound in different barangays in the municipality. The Barbaza Water District (gravity
type serving 10 barangays) is taking its source from natural springs in Sitio Atabay and
Sitio Bay-ang, and a pumping station in Bantayan, Brgy. Gua. There are other natural
springs in the municipality which are also sources of potable water and irrigation system.

4.2 Infrastructure Resources

4.2.1 Roads

The Municipality of Barbaza is linked to the adjacent municipalities of Laua-an
on the south and Tibiao on the north through the national highway. The provincial road
has a total length of 52.60 kilometers. The municipal road can be found in Poblacion and
Jinalinan and these cover 3.834 kilometers. Barangay roads have a total length of 69.93
kilometers.

4.2.2 School Buildings

Barbaza School District has 18 elementary schools. There are 16 public and 2
private schools. It has two secondary schools, one private and one public. All secondary
schools, Barbaza National High School and Saint Anthonys High School are
strategically located along the national highway. Most of the barangays have Day Care
Centers except for some remote barangays.

4.2.3 Health Services

There is a municipal hospital being managed by the Antique Provincial Health
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Office in Brgy. Lisub admitting patients for consultations and confinement. Barbaza
Rural Health Unit is in Poblacion, where basic services can be availed of. Ten Barangay
Health Stations are located in catchment barangays.
A government dentist is available at the municipal hospital. Private dental
practitioners are also available, one in the Poblacion, one in Sitio Aligtos,
Barangay Igpalge, and two in Brgy. Capoyu-an.

4.2.4 Public Building & Facilities

Barbaza has a municipal building for 200 employees, a covered court, and a PNP
building housing 24 PNP personnel.

4.2.5 Utilities

Antique Electric Cooperative (ANTECO) provides power services for the 27
barangays. Town based information and communication facilities are made up of the
Philippine Postal Office, Globe, Smart and Sun cellular sites. Other courier companies
service the municipality, although their offices are based in other towns in the province.

4.3 Economic Structure

4.3.1 Public Markets

There are two public markets in the municipality. The Poblacion Daily Market, in
Poblacion, is along the national highway, and Palma Public Market with Bagsakan Center
located in Brgy. Palma leading to the northern part of Antique.

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4.3.2 Industry

Barbaza is known for its Abaca Fiber being declared by FIDA as a world class
fiber. Dalanas River is a major source of aggregates and identified by the Provincial
Engineering District DPWH-Antique as one of the two main sources of gravel, boulders
and sand in the province. Several quarry operators are operating in the area, exporting
aggregates to other parts of the country.
One multi-pass and five mobile rice mills are operating in the locality. Two
hollow blocks producers and three bakeries are situated within the lowland area. Two
wood-furniture makers, one bamboo craft producer, and one noodles fruit processing
plant in Brgy. Esparar. All these, including the chain saw operators, comprise the various
industries in the municipality.
There are approximately 230 commercial wholesale and retail establishments,
recreational parlors, hollow block factory, refilling stations, warehouses and shops
operating in the entire municipality.

4.3.3 Agriculture

Barbaza is the 3rd leading rice producing municipality in the province of Antique.
Four thousand five hundred forty four hectares (4,544 or 29.44 %) of its land is fertile
agricultural land planted to different crops.

4.3.4 Employment

Farming and fishing are the occupation of the majority of Barbazeos. To
estimate the monetary value of per diems of an ordinary farmer or laborer, this cannot
26
augment the daily operating expenses of one household with a member of five. The same
scenario was also revealed during the National Household Targeting System for Poverty
Reduction, conducted by the DSWD, which they have identified 35.54% (1,520) of the
total households belong to poor households during their assessment last 2008.

4.4 Proposed Site of the Transport Terminal

The site is located along the plaza area and near the national road. Majority of the
land is vacant but a part is currently being rented by local eateries made of nipa and
bamboo. The land is legally owned by the municipality of Barbaza.

Figure 4.3 Location of the Proposed Terminal (right view)

27

Figure 4.4 Location of the Proposed Terminal (left view)

Chapter V

THE PROPOSED PROJECT

This chapter presents the project description, architectural plans, structural plans,

electrical plans, plumbing plans, traffic design, and construction specifications

5.1 Project Description

The proposed project is a transportation terminal with an administration office,
public rest rooms, waiting area, storage room, and guardhouse. The transport terminal is
located at Poblacion, Barbaza, Antique. The proposed project has an area of 800 square
meters (m
2
), 40 meters by 20 meters. It is expected to accommodate four different modes
of transportation: 4 buses (RORO and local buses), 3 public utility jitneys (PUJs) or vans
(PUVs), and 18 tricycles. Vehicles have separate lanes for parking. The administration
office will serve as the information center of passengers and the office for over-all
administrator. The storage room may be used for janitorial supplies.

5.2 Architectural Plans

The architectural plans include the perspective, the vicinity map and site
development plan, the elevations of the terminal, the schedule of doors and windows and
details of gate, and the ground floor plan indicating the traffic flow and positions of
vehicles in the terminal.

Site
Church
Saint Anthony's
High School
Pharmacy
Plaza
Municipal Hall
National Road going North
VICINITY MAP
SCALE : N.D.T.S.
31

5.3 Structural Plans

Structural plans include the foundation plan, roof framing plans, and structural
details of beams, columns, and footings. Detailed computations for the structural
analysis and design are found on Appendix B.

5.3.1 Design of Purlins

Purlins are used over the arched and inclined wide-flange beams of the roof. The
purlins are C 8 x 13.5. Weld is E 60 XX Electrode (4.76 mm or 3/16 in) with the length
of 224.4 mm.

5.3.2 Design of Slabs

5.3.2.1 Roof slab

One-way slab design is used for the waiting area. One-way slab has a thickness
of 165 mm. Two-way slabs are used for the office, comfort room, storage room, and the
guard house. These slabs have thickness of 125 mm.

5.3.2.2 Floor slab

Floor slabs of the terminal have thickness of 150 mm with 12 mm diameter
reinforcing bars spaced at 750 mm based on DPWH standard for terminal slabs.

5.3.3 Design of Beams

The beams of the roof (arched, inclined, and horizontal) are wide-flange beams.
The beams are W 10 x 15. The beams for the minor structure are reinforced concrete
32

with dimensions of 330 x 150 mm.

5.3.4 Design of Columns

The columns of major structure are composite members of steel and concrete
joined with base plates. The columns are W 6 x 12 joined with reinforced concrete
columns with dimensions of 250 x 250 mm. Base plates have dimensions of 200 x 200 x
10 mm. The long wide-flange columns are W 6 x 12. The columns of minor structure
are reinforced concrete with dimensions of 150 x 150 mm.

5.3.5 Design of Footing

All footings are designed as square footings. Footings under the composite
columns have dimensions of 1.6 m x 1.6 m and 1.4 m x 1.4 m. Footings for the
reinforced concrete columns of the minor structure have dimensions of 1.2 m x 1.2 m.

5.3.6 Design of Bolts and Stirrups

Design of bolts and stirrups with detailed computations are found in Appendix B.

5.4 Electrical Plans

The electrical plans include the electrical layout, schedule of loads, and design
analysis.

5.5 Plumbing Plans

The plumbing plans include the plumbing layout, septic vault detail, and catch
33

basin detail.

5.6 Traffic Design

5.6 1 Parking space

Length of 11.5 meters and width of 3.5 meters are provided for each bus.
Dimensions of 7.5 meters by 2.5 meters are provided for each PUJ/PUV, while 2 meters
by 2 meters are provided for each tricycle.

5.6.2 Pavement

The surface will be paved with concrete. The pavement will have a 2% slope.
Slope in the pavement is necessary to drain water and prevent it from staying at the center
of pavement.

5.6.3 Lights

Lights are provided for guidance and safety of drivers and passengers.

ARCHITECTURAL PLANS

PERSPECTIVE
FRONT ELEVATION
SCALE : N.D.T.S.
1 2 3 4 5
EXIT
ENTRANCE
11.56 m
11.50 m
1
1
.8
7
m
5
.
5
0

m
3
.
0
0

m
2
.
3
5

m
1
1
.
2
0

m
0
.
3
0

m
3
.
4
5

m
2
.
7
5

m
3
.
0
0

m
2
.
3
0

m
SEE BLOW UP A
3 5 2 1 4
REAR ELEVATION
SCALE :
1
1
.
2
0

m
2
.
0
0

m
3
.
9
0

m
3
.
0
0

m
2
.
3
0

m
N.D.T.S.
LEFT ELEVATION
SCALE : N.D.T.S.
A B C
0
.
3
0

m
3
.
1
5

m
2
.
7
5

m
3
.
0
0

m
1
.
3
0

m
1
1
.
2
0

m
SEE BLOW UP B
A B C
RIGHT ELEVATION
SCALE : N.D.T.S.
3
.
1
5

m
2
.
7
5

m
2
.
6
0

m
1
.
3
0

m
0
.
3
0

m
1
1
.
2
0

m
WAITING AREA
OFFICE
STORAGE
3 2 1
GUARDHOUSE
SCALE : N.D.T.S.
R O A D
ENTRY EXIT
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
P
R
O
P
E
R
T
Y
L
IN
E
P
R
O
P
E
R
T
Y
L
IN
E
1 2 3 4 5
A
A'
A''
B
B'
B''
C
A
D1
D1
D2
D2
D3
D3
D3
W1
W2
W2
W3
W4
W4
10.00 m 10.00 m 10.00 m 10.00 m
3
.
6
0

m
3
.
4
0

m
3
.
0
0

m
4
.
5
0

m
3
.
0
0

m
2
.
5
0

m
3.00 m 5.00 m 5.00 m
1
0
.
0
0

m
1
0
.
0
0

m
3.30 m
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
BUS LANE
JEEPNEY LANE
TRICYCLE LANE
SEE BLOW UP A OF
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
SCALE : N.D.T.S.
R O A D
ENTRY EXIT
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
P
R
O
P
E
R
T
Y

L
I
N
E
P
R
O
P
E
R
T
Y

L
I
N
E
1 2 3 4 5
A
B
C
10.00 m 10.00 m 10.00 m 10.00 m
5.00 m
1
0
.
0
0

m
1
0
.
0
0

m
TRAFFIC FLOW DIAGRAM
BUS LANE
JEEPNEY LANE
TRICYCLE LANE
1
0
.
0
0

m
1
0
.
0
0

m
5.00 m
40.00 m
3 2 1
SCALE : N.D.T.S.
P
R
O
P
E
R
T
Y

L
I
N
E
1
A
A'
A''
B
B'
B''
C
D1
D1
D2
D2
D3
D3
D3
W1
W2
W2
W3
W4
W4
3
.
6
0

m
3
.
4
0

m
3
.
0
0

m
4
.
5
0

m
3
.
0
0

m
2
.
5
0

m
3.00 m
3.30 m
BLOW UP A OF GROUND FLOOR PLAN
GUARD HOUSE
OFFICE
WAITING AREA
COMFORT ROOM
STORAGE ROOM
D1 D2 D3 W1 W2 W3 W4
0.73 0.68
1.40 2.90
0.60 0.60
1.20
0.50 0.80 0.70 0.50
FINISH OFFICE FLOOR LINE
SCHEDULE OF DOORS
MARK DESCRIPTION
D - 1 SOLID WOOD KD PANEL DOOR
HEIGHT
2.10
WIDTH
0.80
NO. OF SETS
2
D - 2 2.10 0.70 2
SCHEDULE OF WINDOWS
MARK DESCRIPTION HEIGHT WIDTH NO. OF SETS
W - 1 1.20 2.90 1 6MM THK. FIXED GLASS WINDOW ON ALUM. FRAME
SOLID WOOD KD PANEL DOOR
D - 3 2.10 0.50 3 PVC DOOR W/ LOUVER
W - 2 1.20 1.40 2 6MM THK. SLIDING GLASS WINDOW ON ALUM. FRAME
W - 3 1.20 1.20 1 6MM THK. SLIDING GLASS WINDOW ON ALUM. FRAME
W - 4 .50 .50 2 6MM THK. AWNING GLASS WINDOW ON ALUM. FRAME
SCHEDULE OF DOORS & WINDOWS
SCALE : N.D.T.S.
BLOW UP A
SCALE :
BLOW UP B
SCALE :
GATE DETAIL
SCALE : NDTS
BRICKS
ROAD LINE
FINISH TERM. FLOOR LINE
TOP OF SQUARE BAR
TOP OF SQUARE BAR POST
1/4" THK X 4" SQUARE TUBE
1/4" THK. X 2" SQUARE TUBE
1/4 " THK X 6" SQUARE TUBE
2.35 2.36
4.71
TOP OF FENCE
1.92 1.97
3.89
1/4" THK. X 1" ANGLE BAR
2.45 2.45
0.15 1.35 0.10
0.70
0.15 0.15 1.35 0.10
0.70
0.15
1/4" THK. X 2" SQUARE TUBE
NDTS
NDTS

STRUCTURAL PLANS

1 2 3 4 5
A
B
C
FOUNDATION PLAN
SCALE N.D.T.S.
C1F1 C3F2
C1F1
C1F1
C2F3
C2F3 C2F3
C2F3
C2F3
C2F3 C2F3
C2F3 C2F3
10.00m 10.00m 10.00m
C3F2
C3F2
C3F2
C3F2
C3F2
C3F2
C3F2
C3F2
C3F2
C3F2
C3F2
C2F3
WF1
WF1
WF1
WF2
WF2
WF2
WF2
WF2 WF1 WF1 WF1
WF1 WF1 WF1 WF1
WF2
WF2
WF2
WF2
WF1
WF1
WF1
WF1
WF1
WF1
7.00m 3.00m
1
0
.
0
0
m
1
0
.
0
0
m
2
.
5
0
m
3
.
0
0
m
4
.
5
0
m
3
.
0
0
m
3
.
4
0
m
3
.
6
0
m
3.30m
8 - 16mm
O.C.B.W.
NGL
0
.
8
0

m
4 - 16mm RSB
w/ 10mm LAT.
TIES @
2 - 0.05m,.
2-0.10m.,
@ 0.15m., O.C.
8 - 16mm
O.C.B.W.
4 - 16mm
1
.
6
0

m
0.25 m
DETAIL OF C1F1
SCALE N.D.T.S.
5 - 16mm
O.C.B.W.
NGL
0
.
8
0

m
3 - 16mm
O.C.B.W.
NGL
0
.
8
0

m
0
.
2
4

m
1
.
4
0

m
0.25 m
DETAIL OF C3F2
SCALE N.D.T.S.
DETAIL OF C2F3
SCALE N.D.T.S.
0
.
1
8

m
1
.
1
0

m
0.25 m
8 - 16mm
O.C.B.W.
8 - 16mm
O.C.B.W.
4 - 16mm
4 - 16mm
0
.
2
8

m
250 mm x 250 mm Column 250 mm x 250 mm Column 250 mm x 250 mm Column
4 - 16mm RSB
w/ 10mm LAT.
TIES @
2 - 0.05m,.
2-0.10m.,
@ 0.15m., O.C.
4 - 16mm RSB
w/ 10mm LAT.
TIES @
2 - 0.05m,.
2-0.10m.,
@ 0.15m., O.C.
0
.
2
5
m
0.40m
0
.
6
0
m
Finish Grade Line
10mm RSB @ 0.6m O.C.B.W.
WALL FOOTING FOR 100mm AND 150mm CHB WALL
SCALE N.D.T.S.
ROOF FRAMING PLAN
SCALE : N.D.T.S.
1 2 3 4 5
A
B
C
Purlins
11.50 m
10.20 m
11.50 m
10.20 m
INCLINED WIDE FLANGE
INCLINED WIDE FLANGE
ARCHED WIDE FLANGE ARCHED WIDE FLANGE HORIZONTAL WIDE FLANGE HORIZONTAL WIDE FLANGE
10.00 m 10.00 m 10.00 m 10.00 m
1
0
.
0
0

m
1
0
.
0
0

m
1
.
0
0

m
1
.
0
0

m
1.12 m 1.12 m
1.12 m 1.12 m
ROOF BEAM FRAMING PLAN (ARCHED AND INCLINED BEAM)
SCALE N.D.T.S.
1 2 3 4 5
A
B
C
C5 B6 B7
40.00 m
10.00 m 10.00 m 10.00 m 10.00 m
1
0
.
0
0

m
1
0
.
0
0

m
B6
B6
B6
B6
B6
B7
B7 B7
B7 B7
C5
C5 C4
C4
C4
C4
C4
C4
C4
C4
C4
C4
C4
C4
1.12 m 1.12 m
ROOF BEAM FRAMING PLAN AT C5
SCALE N.D.T.S.
1 2 3 4 5
A
B
C
B8
40.00 m
10.00 m 10.00 m 10.00 m 10.00 m
40.00 m
10.00 m 10.00 m 10.00 m 10.00 m
1
0
.
0
0

m
1
0
.
0
0

m
C4
C4
C4
C4
C4
C4
C4
C4
C4
C4
C4
C4
C5
C5
C5
B8
B8
B8
B8
B8
B8
B8
B8
B8
B8
B8
B8
B8
B8
B8
B8
B8
B8
B8
B8
B8
B2
B2
B3
B3
B2
B3
B1
B1
B1
B4
B5
B4
B5
B1
B4
B5
C1
C2
C2 C2
C2 C2
C2 C2
C2
C2
C1
C1
C3
C3
ROOF BEAM FRAMING PLAN (MINOR STRUCTURE)
SCALE N.D.T.S.
C3
1 2 3 4 5
A
A'
A''
B
B'
B''
C
S2
S3
S1
S4
S5
B1
40.00 m
10.00 m 10.00 m 10.00 m 10.00 m
3.30 m
C3
C3
C3
C3
C3
C3
C3
C3
C3
C2
3.00 m
3
.
6
0

m
3
.
4
0

m
3
.
0
0

m
4
.
5
0

m
3
.
0
0

m
2
.
5
0

m
Scale
0.15mm
BEAM DETAILS
N.D.T.S.
0.33 mm
Vertical Stirrups 10mm, 4 @ 80mm, 5 @ 120mm and rest @ 160mm
2-16mm Top Bars
2-16mm Bottom Bars
0
.
0
7
5

m
12 mm Straight Bars @ 150 mm O.C.
10 mm Shrinkage and Temperature Bars
@ 175 mm O.C.
0
.
0
7
5

m
3.30 m
7
.
5
0

m
WAITING AREA ONE-WAY ROOF SLAB
Scale N.D.T.S.
170mm thk Concrete Slab
0
.
0
7
5

m
3
.
4
m
0
.
0
7
5

m
12 mm Bent @ Straight Bars @ 200 mm O.C.
0.075 m
0
.
0
8

m
3
.
6
0

m
3.00 m
125 mm thk Concrete Slab
Scale N.D.T.S.
OFFICE AND GUARD HOUSE TWO-WAY ROOF SLAB
3
.
0
0

m
0
.
0
7
5

m
3.30 m
2
.
5
0

m
0.075 m
Scale N.D.T.S.
STORAGE ROOM AND COMFORT ROOM TWO-WAY ROOF SLAB
125 mm thk Concrete Slab

ELECTRICAL PLANS

WAITING AREA
MECHANICS RM.
3 2 1
ELECTRICAL LAYOUT
SCALE : NDTS
ENTRY EXIT
PROPERTY LINE
P
R
O
P
E
R
T
Y

L
I
N
E
P
R
O
P
E
R
T
Y

L
I
N
E
S3 ABC
E
A
B
C
C
B B
S1 D
D
S3 EFG
F
G
S1 H
S1 I
S1 J
H
I
J
H
I
S3 KLM
S2 NO
K
L M
N O
S3 PQR
S3 STU
O
O
P P
Q
S
Q
R R S
T
T U U V
V W W X X
S3 VWX
C.O. POWER LINE
L.O. POWER LINE
13W PINLIGHT
CIRCUIT HOMERUN
PANEL BOARD
DUPLEX SWITCH
TRIPLEX SWITCH CONVENIENCE OUTLET
SINGLE POLE SWITCH
S1
S2
S3
30W ELDFL FLOOD LIGHT
32W CIRCULAR LIGHT
LEGEND:
22W DOME TYPE REFLECTOR
W
A
I
T
I
N
G

A
R
E
A
M
E
C
H
A
N
I
C
S

R
M
.
3
2
1
PROPERTY LINE
S
3

A
B
C
E
A
B
C
C
B
B
S
1

D
D
S
3

E
F
G
F
G
S
1

H
S
1

I
S
1

J
H
I
J
H
I
S
3

K
L
M
S
2

N
O
S
3

P
Q
R
S
3

S
T
U
S
3

V
W
X
SECTION A OF ELECTRICAL LAYOUT
SCALE : N.D.T.S.
DESIGN ANALYSIS:
C1 : LIGHT OUTLET
I = 20(30W)+5(22)+6(40)+9(16.25)
= 750+137.50+240+146.25=1,273.75/230
= 5.53 A
Ic = 5.53 A x 1.25 = 6.91 A
USE: 2 - 3.5mm THWN STRANDED
20mm UPVC
15A 2PCB BOLT-ON
C2 : CONVENIENCE OUTLET
I = 6(180)= 1,080 / 230 = 4.69 A
Ic = 4.69 A x 1.25 = 5.86 A
USE: 2 - 3.5mm THWN STRANDED
20mm UPVC FLEX. CONDUIT
20A 2PCB BOLT-ON
C2,& C3:SPARE
I = 500 VA
2.17AmP
MAIN BREAKER:
IT =3,353.75VA
I LOAD = 3,353.75/230=14.58A
= 14.58 A
USE: 2 - 14mm THWN
60A 2P C.B. BOLT-ON
30 mm RSC
1
LOAD DESCRIPTION
LIGHT OUTLETS
S1 L.O. EF EL SP
AMPERE
CIRCUIT
PROTECTION
SIZE & TYPE
& STRANDED
CU CONDUCTOR
SIZE OF CONDUIT
UPVC
20mm UPVC
OUTLETS
SCHEDULE OF LOADS
15A
2
3
4
CIRCUIT
NO.
V/A SWITCHES
SPARE
500.00
S2 S3 C.O.
5.53
4.69
SPARE
20A
15A
2.17
2.17
1080
2-3.5mm THWN
S3W
14.56
40
6
2-14mm THWN 30mm RSC 60A 40 6 2 TOTAL
1,273.75
3,353.75
CONVENIENCE OUTLETS
MAIN
20mm UPVC flex
20mm UPVC
2-3.5mm THWN
2-3.5mm THWN 500.00
1
1
SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
15 A
2 - 3.5 mm THWN
C1 C2
2 - 14 mm THWN
SERVICE ENTRANCE
220V
60Hz
1
CO
2 - 3.5 mm THWN
20 A
30 mm RSC
2PCB THWN
LO
C9 C10
60 A
SPARE SPARE

PLUMBING PLANS

PLUMBING LAY-OUT
SCALE : N.D.T.S.
ENTRY EXIT
PROPERTY LINE
P
R
O
P
E
R
T
Y

L
I
N
E
P
R
O
P
E
R
T
Y

L
I
N
E
1 2 3 4 5
A
A'
A''
B
B'
B''
C
C.O.
URI.URI.
LAV.
LAV.
W.C.
W.C.
W.C.
FD.
100 rr0 30Ll0 PlPE LlNE
50 rr0 wA3TE PlPE LlNE
100 rr0 30lL PlPE LlNE 150 mm DRAINAGE SYSTEM
TO STREET
DRAINAGE
TO STREET
DRAINAGE
TO STREET
DRAINAGE
FD.
FD.
FD.
FD.
FD.
SOLID, WASTE ,SOIL & WATER PIPE LINE
50 rr0 wATER PlPE LlNE
GV.
GV.
150 mm DRAINAGE SYSTEM
FD.
SEPTIC VAULT
50 rr0 v3TR
CB
CB
CB
CB
CB
CB
CB CB
CB
CB
CB
CB
CB
CB
SEE BLOW UP OF CR
PLUMBING LAYOUT
BLOW UP OF CR PLUMBING LAYOUT
SCALE : N.D.T.S.
A'
A''
C.O.
URI.URI.
LAV.
LAV.
W.C.
W.C.
W.C.
FD.
100 rr0 30Ll0 PlPE LlNE
50 rr0 wA3TE PlPE LlNE FD.
FD.
FD.
FD.
FD.
50 rr0 wATER PlPE LlNE
GV.
GV.
FD.
50 rr0 v3TR
CB
BLOW UP OF CR ISOMETRIC PLUMBING LAYOUT
SCALE : N.D.T.S.
2000 1000 1000
4000
750 500 750
MANHOLE
250 500 250 250 500 250
10mm REINF. BARS
AT 200 O.C. B.W.
MANHOLE MANHOLE
500 500 500 500
100 X 200 X 400 CHB
10mm HOR.
BARS @ 600 O.C.
10mm VERTICAL
BARS @ 600 O.C.
4" PVC
INLET
4" PVC
OUTLET
DIGESTIVE CHAMBER LEACHING CHAMBER LEACHING CHAMBER
600X600
MANHOLE
600X600
MANHOLE
600X600
MANHOLE
2000 1000 1000
4000
750 500 750
MANHOLE
250 500 250 250 500 250
MANHOLE MANHOLE
10mm REINF. BARS
AT 200 O.C. B.W.
PLAN
N.G.L. N.G.L.
1 % SLOPE
4" PVC
INLET
SEPTIC VAULT DETAIL
SCALE : N.D.T.S.
10mm REINF. BARS
AT 200 O.C. B.W.
100 X 200 X 400 CHB
600
SECTION
PLAN
10mm REINF. BARS
AT 100 O.C. B.W.
6" CONC. PIPE
6" CONC. PIPE
6" CONC. PIPE
6" CONC. PIPE
CATCH BASIN DETAIL
SCALE : N.D.T.S.
67

5.7 Construction Specifications

5.7.1 Site Work
The work shall include furnishing of all labor, materials, equipment, and other
facilities and satisfactory performance of all work necessary to complete all the site work.

5.7.2 Preparation of the Site
5.7.2.1. Alignments
1. Lines must be staked out correctly.
2. Reference marks shall not be disturbed or moved on wrong alignment during the
construction.

5.7.2.2. Excavation
1. The volume of embankment shall be 1950 m
3
.
2. The specific depth of embankment shall be levelled before concrete is placed.

5.7.3 Concrete and Masonry Works
5.7.3.1 Material
1. The mixture for all classes of concrete shall be designed and approved by the
Engineer to obtain concrete having a compressive strength of 28 MPa for beams
and slabs, and 21 MPa for columns, at the age of 28 days.
2. Cement shall conform to the requirements of the standard specification and test
for Portland cement (ASTM C-150).
68

3. Water used for mixing shall be clean and potable, free from organic materials and
acids.
4. Aggregates must be hard, tough, durable, uncoated particles, generally rounded or
cubical and free from organic materials.
a. Fine aggregates shall be natural sand, clean, free from injurious amount of
clay, loam, and vegetables matter.
b. Coarse aggregates shall be river run gravel or crushed stone. The minimum
size shall be 38 mm and do not exceed 50 mm. It should be washed gravel.
5. All the mortar to be used for cement plaster shall be mixed.
6. Concrete Hollow Block units shall conform to the latest requirements of ASTM
C-129. They shall be non-load bearing with minimal sizes of 100-150mm thick.
Hollow block units shall be true size, without cracks, splits or other defects, which
may impair the strength and durability.

5.7.3.2 Proportioning and Mixing
All materials shall be proportioned as followed:
Class A (1:2:4) cement, sand, gravel
Mortar (1:3)

5.7.3.3 Forms
1. Forms shall be sufficient in strength to withstand the pressure resulting from
placement and vibration of concrete, and shall be maintained rigidly in correct
position.
69

2. Removing of forms shall be done after the concrete has attained its strength to
prevent the concrete from damage.

5.7.3.4 Conveying and Placing of Concrete
1. Concrete shall be conveyed from the mixer to the place of final deposit that will
prevent segregation of materials.
2. In placing of concrete it shall be tamped or vibrated to minimize the air voids that
will develop after the hardening of the concrete.

5.7.3.5. Curing
1. Fresh placed concrete shall be protected from harmful action of the sun and rain.
2. Curing must be started as soon as free water has disappeared from the surface of
the concrete.
3. Maintain all forms containing concrete in a wet condition until all forms are
removed. All concrete shall be moist cured for a period of not less than 7 days by
an approved method.

5.7.3.6 Finishing
Exposed concrete surfaces shall present a smooth finished appearance except for
minor defects which can easily be repaired with patching of cement mortar.

70

5.7.3.7 Concrete Hollow Block Wall
All concrete hollow block walls shown on the drawings shall have 10mm
vertical reinforcing bars spaced at 40cm o.c. and 10mm horizontal reinforcing bars at
every three layers. All holes of the blocks shall be filled with mortar. CHB walls shall be
plain finished unless otherwise indicated in the plans.

5.7.4 Structural Steel Works
1. The work included are the furnishing, erection, and installation of all bolts and
other structural steel works indicated in the plan.
2. All steel reinforcement shall be structural grade, new billet stock conforming to
ASTM Designation A-15 and deformed in accordance with ASTM Designation
A-305. It shall conform to the ASTM-36 Latest Revision (Specification for
Structural Steel), for rolled and built-up sections.
3. 16 mm diameter bars for beams with 10 mm diameter stirrups shall be provided.
4. Steel reinforcement shall be provided with all necessary tie wires to properly
install the rebar in correct location.
5. All welding electrodes shall conform to the requirements of the American
Welding Society (Specifications for Iron and Steel Arc-welding Electrodes).
6. Surfaces to be welded shall be free from loose scale, rust, grease, paint, and other
foreign materials. Joint surfaces shall be free from fins and tears.
7. Finished members shall be true to line and free from twists, bends, and open
joints. Erection shall include the setting of all structural steel as called for by the
71

plans and specifications and shall be in accordance with good engineering
practice. Erection procedure shall be approved by the Engineer.

5.7.5 Electrical Works
1. The work included in electrical works shall consist of furnishing of all labor,
materials, lighting fixtures, equipment, tools, and safety devices. And to make
ready for the operations of electrical power and lighting as specified.
2. All works shall be done in accordance with the latest edition of the Philippine
Electrical Code, the rules and regulation of the local enforcing authorities, and
with the requirements of the electric utility company.
3. All materials and equipment to be used shall be of approved standard.
4. Nature of services shall be 220 V, single phase, 60 Hz.
5. Type of wiring shall be THW C, wire in rigid metal conduit for service entrance,
and THHN Cu for circuit and switch lines in non-metallic conduit concealed on
ceiling and embedded on concrete walls and slabs.
6. Mounting heights for the following shall be not less than as follows:
MTS/Panelboard .1.20 m AFFL
Pole switches ...............................1.40 m AFFL
Duplex convenience outlet.. 0.30 m AFFL
Counter height D.C.O. .... 0.30 m AFFL
Others ...as indicated in the plan
7. All work shall be done under the direct supervision of a duly registered Electrical
Engineer or Master Electrician.
72

5.7.6 Plumbing Works
1. All plumbing works shall conform to the provisions of R.A.1378, National
Plumbing Code of the Philippines 1985 and the rules and regulations of the local
health office.
2. All materials shall be brand new and applicable for approved location.
3. All plumbing fixtures, pipes, fittings, and accessories shall be approved quality,
free from all defects and deformations.
4. All vent thru roof pipes shall be extended from roofing at least 300 mm.
5. Septic vault shall be constructed watertight or waterproofed to eliminate seepage
and located at the safe distance from an existing water supply well.
6. Outflow from septic vault shall be supplied from existing municipal or city water
works system as per section 102, chapter 9 of the national building code.
7. All plumbing works shall be by experienced plumbers under the direct
supervision of a registered Master Plumber or Sanitary Engineer.

5.7.7. Roofing & Ceiling
1. G.I. sheets shall be used in covering of the roof of the arched beam.
2. Use C 8 x 13.75 on the I-beams of roof.
3. Gypsum board shall be used for the roofing of the minor structure. 1 cm fiber
board shall be provided for insulation.

73

5.7.8. Doors & Windows
1. 6 mm glass windows on aluminium frame shall be used. Sliding doors shall be
used in the entrance to the mechanics room and the office.
2. PVC door with louver shall be used for the cubicles in the rest rooms.
3. Solid wood panel doors shall be used for other doors.

5.7.9 Painting Works
1. All painting materials shall meet the requirements of the standard specification as
approved for use by the Institute of Science and Technology.
2. All paints shall be delivered at the job site in their original containers, with labels
intact and seals unbroken. All pints shall be specified by its brand manufacturer.
3. Surfaces to be painted shall be clean, dry, smooth, and free from dust, rust, grease
or oils.
4. Skilled painters shall do all the work in a workmanlike manner. All paints shall be
evenly applied, free from crawling and other defects.
5. All exterior works shall receive three coatings.
6. All metal works shall be coated with lead primer before applying the topcoat.
7. Concrete surfaces shall be treated with a coat of zinc sulphate then a coat of
concrete paint to finish.
8. Paint shall be thoroughly dried before the succeeding coat is to be applied. Allow
24 hours or more between coats.
9. Colour shall be in accordance with the colour schemes to be supplied by the
Engineer.
74

5.8 Project Cost and Work Schedule

The total cost of materials was estimated based on the unit cost of each material
and the quantity required. The estimated cost for the project is 15,314,438.45. Project
cost is subject to change because of the changes in prices of materials and cost of labor.
The contingencies, which include the amount agreed for equipment, tools, temporary
materials, and other miscellaneous count to 10% of the total cost. See Appendix C for
detailed estimates.

General Requirements 24,600
Site Development 156,556.44
Earthworks 388,598.00
Structural Works 11,088,908.99
Civil Works and Architectural 512,541.70
Electrical 80,022.48
Plumbing 166,103.60
Contingency, 10%
1,243,053.12
VAT, 12%
1,640,854.12
TOTAL
15,314,438.45

Table 5.1Summary of Estimates

The Critical Path Method (CPM) was used for work scheduling of the project. It
includes the activities and the duration of the activity from the start up to the completion
of the project. The project has a duration of 82 working days. The critical path is
indicated in the CPM diagram. A Gannt chart is also provided to guide the construction
with activities to finish each day.

75

Activity Duration Cost
Weight
in %
A General Requirements 1 24,600.00 0.11
B Site Development Works under Demolition 4 13,200.00 3.13
C Earthworks 7 388,598.00 1.08
D Footing 5 134,079.01 0.27
E Concrete Columns 7 33,059.83 3.92
F Steel Columns 5 486,887.42 18.13
G Steel Beams 10 2,253,539.90 29.33
H Steel Purlins 3 3,645,600.00 26.84
I GI-Sheet 2 3,336,952.67 5.60
J Concrete Floor Slab 7 696,518.39 1.09
K Concrete Beams 7 135,442.48 0.39
L Walls 7 47,876.59 1.31
M Concrete Roof Slabs 7 162,968.13 0.60
N Doors and Windows 5 75,088.00 0.25
O Septic Vault 10 31,360.26 0.64
P Electrical Works 5 80,022.48 1.34
Q Plumbing and Sanitary Works 5 166,103.60 0.32
R Ceiling (Gypsum Board) 7 39,966.51 0.66
S Grates: Wall and Roof 7 82,566.66 0.34
T Gates 5 42,057.66 1.70
U Finishing, Plastering and Tiling Works 7 210,982.01 1.50
V Painting Works 14 186,505.18 1.26
W Site Development Works under Landscaping 7 156,556.44

Contingency, 10% 1,243,053.12

VAT, 12% 1,640,854.12

TOTAL 15,314,438.45
100%
Table 5.2Work Schedule
A B C D E
Duration =82 days
Critical Path: A-B-C-D-E-F-G-H-I-O-R-S-V-W
CONSTRUCTION PROJ ECT MANAGEMENT DIAGRAM
SCALE N.D.T.S.
F G H I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
1 4 7 5 7 5 10 3 2
7
7
7
7
5
10
5
5
7
7
5
7
14
7

GANTT CHART

Duration Cost Weight in %
A General Requirements 1 24,600.00 0.20
B Site Devlopment Works under Demolition 4 13,200.00 0.11
C Earthworks 7 388,598.00 3.13
D Footing 5 134,079.01 1.08
E Concrete Columns 7 33,059.83 0.27
F Steel Columns 5 486,887.42 3.92
G Steel Beams 10 2,253,539.90 18.13
H Steel Purlins 3 3,645,600.00 29.33
I GI-Sheet 2 3,336,952.67 26.84
J Concrete Floor Slab 7 696,518.39 5.60
K Concrete Beams 7 135,442.48 1.09
L Walls 7 47,876.59 0.39
M Concrete Roof Slabs 7 162,968.13 1.31
N Doors and Windows 5 75,088.00 0.60
O Septic Vault 10 31,360.26 0.25
P Electrical Works 5 80,022.48 0.64
Q Plumbing and Sanitary Works 5 166,103.60 1.34
R Ceiling (Gypsum Board) 7 39,966.51 0.32
S Grates: Wall and Roof 7 82,566.66 0.66
T Gates 5 42,057.66 0.34
U Finishing, Plastering and Tiling Works 7 210,982.01 1.70
V Painting Works 14 186,505.18 1.50
W Site Development Works under Landscaping 7 156,556.44 1.26
TOTAL 100.00
Contingency, 10% %Complete
VAT, 12%of Sumof Total Amount with Contingency %Cumulative
Projected
Cumulative
Critical Path
Non-Critical Path
Float
LEGEND
Activity
1.20
56.15 19.57 7.91 4.66 3.86 1.20 96.24 94.87
11.66 3.25 0.80 2.66 3.41 33.57 36.58 1.96 1.38 1.74 0.90 0.90
93.12 89.72 99.10 98.20 100.00
148,828.00 216,636.69 423,494.01 4,172,581.92 4,547,015.96 1,449,501.43 403,678.44 111,826.03
480,029.61 11,575,640.11 11,152,146.09 12,207,365.77 11,963,411.75 11,792,276.80
99,338.74 331,201.61
983,046.78 579,368.34
111,339.40 243,954.02 171,134.95
Week 2 Week 1 Week 13 Week 12 Week 11 Week 10 Week 7 Week 6 Week 5 Week 4 Week 3 Week 9 Week 8
TOTAL VALUE PHP 15,314,438.45
PHP 12,430,531.21
PHP 1,243,053.12
PHP 1,640,854.12
12,430,531.21 12,318,705.18 148,828.00 6,979,564.17 2,432,548.21
`
Chapter VI

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

This chapter presents the project implementation and construction management

The project study will be presented to the Local Government Unit of Barbaza.
Upon their approval, the LGU will loan from the Department of Finance in Manila. The
LGU of Barbaza will then publish an invitation to bid at the website of Philippine
Government Electronic Procurement System (PHILGEPS) for interested bidders. The
project study shall undergo the bidding before it can be implemented.
Proper supervision shall be implemented and supervised by the Municipal
Engineering Office throughout the project. A representative of the Municipal Engineers
Office may be assigned to monitor the contractor and the workers whether they comply
with the conditions agreed on the contract.

CHAPTER VII

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

A Proposed Integrated Transport Terminal for Barbaza, Antique will provide a
common loading area of public vehicles for Barbaza and nearby towns. The terminal is
able to provide loading spaces for the four different modes of public transportation
available in Antique: bus, van, jeep, and tricycle. The project cost is within the budget
recommended by the municipality. Statistically-analyzed results of the questionnaire
survey shows the approval of both the drivers and passengers regarding the project.
Opinion surveys of the residents and municipal officials also yielded positive responses.
It is recommended that the transport terminal will be a priority project of Barbaza
to avoid inflation of prices since the project is estimated using prices of commercially
available materials on the year 2013. Traffic control devices like signs and markings are
recommended for safety. It is recommended that an organizational chart should be
provided for an orderly management. It is also recommended that a security personnel
will be assigned at the terminal.

81

REFERENCES

Beral, E., Macavinta, N., Tumale, F.J. (2010). A Proposed Bus and Shuttle Vans
Terminal in Dalipe, San Jose, Antique. Civil Engineering Department, College of
Engineering, Central Philippine University, Iloilo, PH.

Escoderos, M.P., Gico, P.T., Nolido, A.R. (2011). A Proposed Constuction of Jeepney
Transport Terminal in San Miguel, Iloilo. Civil Engineering Department, College
of Engineering, Central Philippine University, Iloilo, PH.

Gallo, R., Mata, P., Tabera, G.I., Timbas, K.L. (2011). A Proposed Transport Terminal in
the Municipality of Jordan, Guimaras. Civil Engineering Department, College of
Engineering, Central Philippine University, Iloilo, PH.

Gillesania, D.I.T. (2006). Fundamentals of Structural Steel Design with Theory of
Structures.

Gumapon, F. (2012). PPA bares major RO-RO routes. Philippine Information Agency.
Retrieved on 03-26-2013. Available:
[http://www.pia.gov.ph/news/index.php?article=1431337066034]

Litman, T.A. (2012). Evaluating Accessibility for Transportation Planning: Measuring
Peoples Ability to Reach Desired Goods and Activities. Victoria Transport
Policy Institute. Retrieved on 03-26-2013. Available:
[http://www.vtpi.org/access.pdf]

82

Modak, S. K., Patkar, V.N. (1984). Transport Terminal Design and Passenger
Orientation. Retrieved on 03-26-2013. Available:
[www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03081068408717275]

Municipality of Barbaza, Antique (2012). Comprehensive Land Use Plan.

Official Antique Website (2012). Barbaza. Retrieved on 03-26-2013. Available:
[http://www.antique.gov.ph/barbaza/]

Panay (2012). Discover the Wonders of Panay Island: Barbaza. Retrieved on 03-26-2013.
Available: [http://www.panay.org/barbaza/]

Rodrigue, J. (1999). Globalization and the Synchronization of Transport Terminals.
Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA. Retrieved on 03-26-2013.
Available: [http://people.hofstra.edu/jean
paul_rodrigue/downloads/Synchronization.PDF]

Rodrigue, J., Slack, B. (2013). The Function of Transport Terminals. Department of
Global Studies and Geography, Hofstra University, New York, USA. Retrieved
on 03-26-2013. Available:
[http://people.hofstra.edu/geotrans/eng/ch4en/conc4en/ch4c1en.html]

Stevens, A. (2012). Transport Terminals, Stations, Ports. University of New Brunswick,
Canada. Retrieved on 03-26-2013. Available:
[http://www.unb.ca/transpo/mynet/mty97.htm]

83

WikiPilipinas (2008). Roll-on/Roll-off. Retrieved on 03-26-2013. Available:
[http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Roll-on/_Roll-off]

Yang, J. (2007). Processes for Evaluating the Optimum Inter-Modal Terminal Location.
Queensland University of Technology. Retrieved on 03-26-2013. Available:
[http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16474/1/Jianfeng_Yang_Thesis.pdf]

APPENDIX A: STRUCTURAL DESIGN AND ANALYSIS

85

I. WIND LOAD
Computation of Wind Load

For Inclined Wide-Flange:
Wind Load from NSCP 2010 Worig.wind 0.5 kPa
Length of Wide Flange L 11.50 m
Rise of Wide Flange H 1.9 m
Slope = arctan(H/L) 9.39 deg
Wind Load normal to Wide-Flange Wwind = Worig.wind*sin 81.51 N/m
2

For Curved Wide-Flange:
Projected Horizontal Length of Wide-Flange L 9.60 m
Rise of Wide Flange H 3.00 m
Slope = arctan(H/L) 17.36 deg
Wind Load normal to Wide-Flange Wwind = Worig.wind*sin 149.14 N/m
2

Arched beam
17.36
0
.
5

K
P
a
(
v
a
l
u
e

b
a
s
e
d

f
r
o
m

N
S
C
P

2
0
1
0
)
Midpoint of beam

86

Arched beam
Midpoint of beam
0
.1
4
9
K
P
a
o
r
1
4
9
.1
4
N
/s
q
.m
17.36

8.43
0
.
5

K
P
a
(
v
a
l
u
e

b
a
s
e
d

f
r
o
m

N
S
C
P

2
0
1
0
)
Inclined beam

8.43
0.082 KPa or 81.51 N/sq.m
Inclined beam

87

II. DESIGN OF PURLINS
Design of Purlins over Arched Wide-Flange Beam

Basic Requirements:
Yield Strength of Steel Fy 275.00 MPa
Length of Purlin L 10.00 m
Roof Live Load RLL 450.00 N/m
Wind Load Wwind 149.14 N/m
2

Inclination 17.36 deg
Assumed spacing s 0.60 m
Roofing GI Sheet 80.00 Pa
Uniform Roofing Load Roofing 48.00 N/m

Selection of any Section:
Chosen section C8x13.75
Weight of Section Wsection 20.50 kg/m
Section Modulus at X-axis Sx 147,890.00 mm
3

Section Modulus at Y-axis Sy 14,020.00 mm
3

Weight of Purlin Wpurlin in N/m 201.11 N/m

Computation of Loads:
Total Dead Load Tdl = Wpurlin + Roofing 249.11 N/m
Total Gravity Load TGL = Tdl + RLL 699.11 N/m
Total Tangential Load TTL = TGLsin 208.49 N/m
Total Normal Load TNL = TGLcos + Wwind(s) 756.74 N/m

Computation of Interaction Value:
Moment with respect to X-axis Mx = wL
2
/8 = TNL(L
2
)/12 6,306.19 N-m
Moment with respect to Y-axis My = TTL(L
2
)/12 1,737.44 N-m
Actual Flexure at X-axis fbx = Mx/Sx 42.64 MPa
Actual Flexure at Y-axis fby = My/Sy 123.93 MPa
NSCP Limits of Flexure at X-axis Fbx = 0.66Fy 181.50 MPa
NSCP Limits of Flexure at Y-axis Fby = 0.75Fy 206.25 MPa
Interaction value (fbx/Fbx) + (fby/Fby) 0.84
Since interaction value is less than 1, the chosen section is allowed to be used.
88

Design of Purlins over Inclined Wide-Flange

Basic Requirements:
Length of Purlin L 10.00 m
Roof Live Load RLL 450.00 N/m
Wind Load Wwind 81.51 N/m
2

Inclination 9.39 deg
Assumed spacing s 0.60 m
Roofing GI Sheet 80.00 Pa
Uniform Roofing Load Wroofing = GI Sheet*s 48.00 N/m

Selection of any Section:
Chosen section C8x13.75
Weight of Section Wsection 20.50 kg/m
Section Modulus at X-axis Sx 147,890.00 mm
3

Section Modulus at Y-axis Sy 14,020.00 mm
3

Weight of Purlin Wpurlin in N/m 201.11 N/m

Total Dead Load Tdl = Wpurlin + Roofing 249.11 N/m
Total Gravity Load TGL = Tdl + RLL 699.11 N/m
Total Tangential Load TTL = TGLsin 114.00 N/m
Total Normal Load TNL = TGLcos + Wwind(s) 738.64 N/m

Computation of Interaction Value:
Moment with respect to X-axis Mx = wL
2
/12 = TNL(L
2
)/12 6,155.35 N-m
Moment with respect to Y-axis My = TTL(L
2
)/12 950.04 N-m
Actual Flexure at X-axis fbx = Mx/Sx 41.62 MPa
Actual Flexure at Y-axis fby = My/Sy 67.76 MPa
NSCP Limits of Flexure at X-axis Fbx = 0.66Fy 181.50 MPa
NSCP Limits of Flexure at Y-axis Fby = 0.75Fy 206.25 MPa
Interaction value (fbx/Fbx) + (fby/Fby) 0.56
Since interaction value is less than 1, the chosen section is allowed to be used.

89

III. DESIGN OF ROOF SLABS
One-Way Slab Design (Waiting Area)

Material Properties:
Concrete Compressive Strength F'c 28.00 MPa
Weight of Concrete c 23.60 kN/m
3

Slab Description:
Simple Span L 3300.00 mm
Service Dead Load DL 0.31 kPa
Service Live Load LL 1.00 kPa

Estimated Slab Size:
Estimated Slab Height h = L/20 165.00 mm
Assumed Concrete Cover c 25.00 mm
Effective Depth d = h - c 140.00 mm
Base of Slab b 1000.00 mm
Estimated Slab Weight Pslab 3.89 kPa

Load Computations:
Total Dead Load, DLtotal = DL + Pslab 13.16 kN/m
Total Live Load LLtotal 1.00 kN/m
Total Factored Load Wu = 1.2DLtotal + 1.6LLtotal 17.39 kN/m
Max Ultimate/Design Moment Mu 23.67 kN-m
Coefficient of Resistance Rn = Mu / bd
2
; = 0.9
1.34 MPa
Required Steel Ratio, = (0.85F'c / Fy) * {1-sqrt[1 - (2Rn
/ 0.85F'c)]}
0.00503

Minimum Steel Ratio,
min1 pmin2
min1 = sqrt(F'c) / 4Fy 0.00481
min2 = 1.4 / Fy 0.00509
Maximum Steel Ratio, max max = (0.85F'c / Fy) * [0.003 /
(0.003 + bal)]; bal = 0.005
0.02759

Factor defined in NSCP 2010
Section 5.10.2.7.3
= 0.85
if 17MPa < F'c < 28MPa;
= 0.85 - (0.05/7)(F'c - 28)
if F'c > 28MPa

Adopted Steel Ratio adopt 0.00503
90

One-Way Slab Design (Waiting Area) - continuation

Computation of Amount of Main Rebars and its Spacing:
Amount of Steel Required As = bd 703.60 mm
2

Main Reinforcing Steel
Diameter
db 12.00 mm
Area of Bars Total Ab 113.10 mm
2

Number of Bars Required n 6.22
Computed spacing s

150.0
mm
Maximum Spacing 1 smax1 = 3h or 450mm 495.00 mm
Maximum Spacing 2 smax2 450.00 mm
Adopted Spacing sadopted 150.00 mm

Computation of Amount of Shrinkage and Temperature Rebars and its Spacing:
for fy > 415, =
(0.0018*415)/fy
adopted for S&T 0.00272
for fy = 415, = 0.0018
for fy = 280 and fy = 530,
= 0.002

minimum from NSCP 0.00140
Area of S&T Bars AS&T = bh 448.20 mm
2

Diamater of S&T Bars dS&T 10.00 mm
Area of Bars Ab S&T 78.54 mm
2

Number of Bars n 6.00 pc
Spacing s 166.67 mm
Maximum Spacing smax = 5h 825.00 mm
Adopted spacing sadopted 150.00 mm

91

Two-Way Slab Design (Office)

Concrete Compressive strength, F'c 28.00 MPa
Yield strength of steel, Fy 275.00 MPa
Weight of Concrete 23.60
KN/m
3

Diameter of RSB 12.00 mm

Longer Beam Description:
Length of Beam, Llong 3400.00 mm
Height of Beam, hlong (L/10 of the beam length) 340.00 mm
Concrete Cover 75.00 mm
Effective Depth, dlong 265.00 mm
Beam Width, blong 200 mm

Shorter Beam Description:
Length of Beam, Lshort 3300.00 mm
Height of Beam, hshort (L/10 of the beam length) 330.00 mm
Effective Depth, dshort 255.00 mm
Beam Width, bshort 175.00 mm

Computation of Slab Thickness:
Clear Span in the Long Direction, Ln 3225.00 mm
Clear Span Ratio of Long to Short Direction, 1.04032
Assumed Thickness of the Slab, hassume

71.15 mm

75.00 mm

Solving for m:
Moment of Inertia of Longer Beam, Ilong

655.1E+6 mm
4
Moment of Inertia of Shorter Beam, Ishort
524.1E+6
mm
4

92

Two-Way Slab Design (Office) - continued

For Shorter Beam (Interior), 1

4.38447
For Longer Beam (Interior), 2

5.64637
For Longer Beam (Edge), 3

11.29273
For Interior Slabs, m

6.42701

Estimated Slab Size:
Thickness of the Slab, hslab

47.32 mm
Minimum Thickness of Slab, hmin = hassume
71.15 mm
Maximum Thickness of Slab, hmax

89.65 mm
Adopted Slab Thickness, (but should not be less than 125mm)
75.00 mm
Adopted Slab Thickness, hadopt
125.00 mm
Concrete Cover
20.00 mm
Effective Depth, dslab
100.00 mm

Dead Load, DL 0.31 kPa
Live Load, LL 1.00 kPa
Weight of Slab 1.77 kPa
Total Dead Load, WDL = DL + Slab Wt 2.08 kPa
Total Live Load, WLL
1.00 kPa
Total Ultimate/Factored Load, WU = 1.2WDL + 1.6WLL
4.09 kPa

93

Two-Way Slab Design (Office) continued

Movement along the Long Span (Interior):
Ln 3225.00 mm
L2 3300.00 mm
Moment, Mo

17.56 kN-m
Negative Factored Moment, Mo(-) = -0.65Mo -11.42 kN-m
Positive Factored Moment, Mo(+) = 0.35Mo 6.15 kN-m
L2/L1 0.97
1 ( in the direction of L1) 5.64637
1 (L2/L1) 5.48

% Of Interior (-) Moment To Be Resisted By Column Strips: 75.88 %
(-) Interior Moment to be Resisted by the Column Strip -8.66 kN-m
(-) Moment to be Resisted by the Beam (85% of Column Strip) -7.36 kN-m
(-) Moment to be Resisted by the Slab (15% of Column Strip) -1.30 kN-m
(-) Moment to be Resisted by the Middle Strip (Mo - Column Strip) -2.75 kN-m

% Of Interior (+) Moment To Be Resisted By Column Strips: 75.88 %
(+) Interior Moment to be Resisted by the Column Strip 4.66 kN-m
(+) Moment to be Resisted by the Beam 3.96 kN-m
(+) Moment to be Resisted by the Slab 0.70 kN-m
(+) Moment to be Resisted by the Middle Strip 1.48 kN-m

Movement along the Long Span (Edge):
Ln 3225.00 mm
L2 1750.00 mm
Moment, Mo

9.31 kN-m
L2/L1 0.97
3 (L2/L1) 10.96

94


% Of Exterior (-) Moment To Be Resisted By Column Strips: 75.88 %
(-) Exterior Moment to be Resisted by the Column Strip -4.59 kN-m
(-) Moment to be Resisted by the Beam -3.90 kN-m
(-) Moment to be Resisted by the Slab -0.69 kN-m
(-) Moment to be Resisted by the Middle Strip -1.46 kN-m

% Of Exterior (+) Moment To Be Resisted By Column Strips: 75.88 %

570.7E+6

mm
4

75.88

Movement along the Shorter Span (Interior):
Ln 3100.00 mm
L2 3400.00 mm
Moment, Mo

16.72 kN-m
Interior Negative Factored Moment, Mo(-) = 0.70Mo -11.70 kN-m
Exterior Negative Factored Moment, Mo(-ext) = 0.16Mo -2.68 kN-m
L2/L1 1.03
2 (L2/L1) 4.52

% Of Interior (-) Moment To Be Resisted By Column Strips: 70.89 %
(-) Moment to be Resisted by the Middle Strip
-3.41
kN-m

95


% Of Interior (+) Moment To Be Resisted By Column Strips: 123.65 %
(+) Moment to be Resisted by the Middle Strip -2.25 kN-m

392.6E+6 mm
4

1.69190

% Of Exterior (-) Moment To Be Resisted By Column Strips: 80.30 %
(-) Moment to be Resisted by the Middle Strip -0.53
kN-m

96

Two-Way Slab Design (Comfort Rooms)

Concrete Compressive strength, f'c 28.00 MPa
Yield strength of steel, fy 275.00 MPa
Weight of Concrete 23.60 KN/m
3

Longer Beam Description:
Beam Width, blong 175.00 mm

Shorter Beam Description:

MINIMUM SLAB THICKNESS

68.48 mm
Assumed Thickness of the Slab, hassume 75.00 mm

SOLVING FOR m

524.1E+6 mm
4


337.5E+6 mm
4

97

Two-Way Slab Design (Comfort Rooms) - continued


2.90909

4.96907
For Longer Beam (Edge), 3

9.93813

5.18135

ESTIMATED SLAB SIZE
49.55 mm
68.48 mm
87.57 mm
75.00 mm
125.00 mm
Concrete Cover
20.00 mm
100.00 mm

LOAD COMPUTATIONS
1.00 kPa
4.09 kPa

98


MOMENT ALONG THE LONG SPAN (INTERIOR)
Ln 3150.00 mm
L2 3000.00 mm
Moment, Mo

15.23 kN-m
L2/L1 0.91
1 (L2/L1) 4.52

% OF INTERIOR (-) MOMENT TO BE RESISTED BY
COLUMN STRIPS
77.73 %
(-) Moment to be Resisted by the Middle Strip (Mo - Column
Strip) -2.21
kN-m

% OF INTERIOR (+) MOMENT TO BE RESISTED BY
COLUMN STRIPS
77.73 %

MOMENT ALONG THE LONG SPAN (EDGE)
Ln 3150.00 mm
L2 1587.50 mm
Moment, Mo

8.06

kN-m
L2/L1 0.91
3 (L2/L1) 9.03

99


% OF EXTERIOR (-) MOMENT TO BE RESISTED BY
COLUMN STRIPS
77.73 %
-1.17
kN-m

COLUMN STRIPS
77.73 %

392.6E+6 mm
4

3.38380

MOMENT ALONG THE SHORT SPAN (INTERIOR)
Ln 2825.00 mm
L2 3300.00 mm
Moment, Mo

13.48 kN-m
Exterior Negative Factored Moment, Mo(-ext) = 0.16Mo -2.16 kN-m
L2/L1 1.10
2 (L2/L1) 3.20

% OF INTERIOR (-) MOMENT TO BE RESISTED 72.00 %

100


(-) Moment to be Resisted by the Slab
-1.02
kN-m
-2.64
kN-m

% OF INTERIOR (+) MOMENT TO BE RESISTED 72.00 %
231.2E+6 mm
4

1.09600

% OF EXTERIOR (-) MOMENT TO BE RESISTED BY
COLUMN STRIPS 87.72 %
(-) Moment to be Resisted by the Slab -0.28
kN-m
(-) Moment to be Resisted by the Middle Strip -0.26
kN-m

101

Two-Way Slab Design (Storage Room)

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Weight of Concrete 23.60

KN/m
3
LONGER BEAM DESCRIPTION
SHORTER BEAM DESCRIPTION

65.80 mm

SOLVING FOR m

524.1E+6

mm
4

162.8E+6

mm
4


1.40292

102

Two-Way Slab Design (Storage Room) - continued


5.96288

3.68290

ESTIMATED SLAB SIZE

53.20 mm
65.80 mm

88.26 mm
75.00 mm
125.00 mm
Concrete Cover
20.00 mm
100.00 mm

LOAD COMPUTATIONS
1.00 kPa
4.09 kPa

Ln 2325.00 mm
L2 3300.00 mm
Moment, Mo

9.13 kN-m

103


L2/L1 1.32
1 (L2/L1) 1.85

COLUMN STRIPS
65.40 %
Strip) -2.05
kN-m

COLUMN STRIPS
65.40 %

Ln 3175.00 mm
L2 2500.00 mm
Moment, Mo

12.90 kN-m
L2/L1 0.76
2 (L2/L1) 4.52

COLUMN STRIPS
82.27 %

104


(-) Moment to be Resisted by the Slab
-1.03
kN-m

COLUMN STRIPS
82.27 %
105

Two-Way Slab Design (Guardhouse)

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Weight of Concrete 23.60 KN/m
3

LONGER BEAM DESCRIPTION
SHORTER BEAM DESCRIPTION


73.48 mm

SOLVING FOR m

784.1E+6 mm
4

337.5E+6 mm
4

106

Two-Way Slab Design (Guardhouse) continued


2.65928

7.43441

5.04685

ESTIMATED SLAB SIZE

52.59 mm
73.48 mm

96.18 mm
75.00 mm
125.00 mm
Concrete Cover
20.00 mm
100.00 mm

LOAD COMPUTATIONS
1.00 kPa
4.09 kPa

Ln 2800.00 mm
L2 3610.00 mm

107

Two-Way Slab Design (Guardhouse) - continued

Moment, Mo

14.48 kN-m
L2/L1 1.20
1 (L2/L1) 3.20

COLUMN STRIPS
68.90 %
Strip) -2.93
kN-m

COLUMN STRIPS
68.90 %

Ln 3460.00 mm
L2 3000.00 mm
Moment, Mo

18.38 kN-m
L2/L1 0.83
2 (L2/L1) 6.18

108

Two-Way Slab Design (Guardhouse) - continued

COLUMN STRIPS
80.07 %
COLUMN STRIPS
80.07 %

109

IV. DESIGN OF BEAMS
Design of B1 (Beam over Waiting Area)

Properties of Materials:
3

Beam Description:
Simple Span L 3.30 m
Service Dead Load including Slab DL 4.19 kPa
Tributary width of Span TW 3.75 m

Estimated Beam Size:
Estimated beam height h (1/10 of span) 330.00 mm
Concrete cover c 75.00 mm
Effective depth d = h - c 255.00 mm
Estimated beam width b = 1/2 d 150.00 mm

Load Computations:
Estimated beam weight
(to be added to DL) Wbeam=Wc*Areabeam 1.16 kN/m
Total Dead Load Wdl = DL + beam wt 16.86 kN/m
Total Live Load Wll 3.75 kN/m
Total factored load Wu = 1.2Wdl + 1.6Wll 26.23 kN/m
Max ultimate/design moment Mu 23.80 kN-m

Computation of Steel Ratio:
Coefficient of Resistance Rn = Mu/bd
2
2.71
Required Steel Ratio required = (0.85F'c/Fy){1-
sqrt[1-2Rn/(0.85F'c)]}
0.01049735

Computation of Amount of Steel:
Required Steel amount As = bd
401.52 mm
2

Main Reinforcing Steel Diameter db
16.00 mm
Area of Bars Total Ab 201.06 mm
2

110

Design of B1 (Beam over Waiting Area) - continued

Number of Bars required n
2.00
To be used Number of Bars
(rounded off)
nf
2.00
Amount of Steel Supplied As = nAb
402.12 mm
2

supplied sup = As/bd 0.01

Checking Steel Ratio:
Minimum
min = sqrt(Fy) / (4Fy)
0.0048
NSCP limit of min min = 1.4 / Fy
0.0051
maximum where bal = 0.005 max = (0.85f'c/Fy) x
[0.003/(0.003+bal)]
0.0276
if F'c 28MPa, = 0.85
0.8500
if F'c > 28MPa,
= 0.85 - 0.008(F'c - 28) 0.65

0.8500

min 0.0048
sup 0.0105
max
0.0276
min max

111

Design of B4 (Shorter Beam over Office)

3

Beam Description:
Service Dead Load with Slab DL 4.19 kPa
Slab height SH 75.00 mm

Estimated Beam Size
(use 330x150 dimension to conform with beam supporting one-way slab):
Assumed height h 330.00 mm
Assumed concrete cover c 75.00 mm
Effective depth d 255.00 mm
Assumed beam width b 150.00 mm

Load Computations:
Estimated Beam Weight (to be
added to DL) Wbeam=Wc*Areabeam 1.16 kN/m
Superimposed Dead Load (Service
Load) DL 4.19 kPa
Subtotal Factored Load w/o Beam
weight

Ts=1.2(Wslab+DL)+1.6(LL)
6.62 kPa
Uniform load on short span Ws = Wu(s)/3 7.29 kN/m
Total Load including beam wt
Wdl = Ts + beam wt; Ts is
multiplied by 2 when same
beam is lying on the other
side.
15.97 kN/m

Coefficient of Resistance, Rn where
= 0.9
Rn = Mu/bd
2

1.65
112

Design of B4 (Shorter Beam over Office) - continued

sqrt[1-2Rn/(0.85F'c)]}
0.00623

238.16 mm
2

16.00 mm
Area of Bars Total Ab
201.06 mm
2

1.18
(rounded off)
nf
2.00
402.12 mm
2


Minimum min = sqrt(Fy) / (4Fy) 0.00481
0.00509
[0.003/(0.003+bal)]
0.02759
if f'c 28MPa, = 0.85
0.85
if f'c > 28MPa, = 0.85 - 0.008(f'c
- 28) 0.65

0.85

min 0.00509
sup 0.01051
max
0.02759
min max

113

Design of B5 (Longer Beam over Office)

3

Beam Description:
Simple Span L 3.6 m
Service Dead Load with Slab DL 4.19 kPa

Estimated Beam Size
Effective depth d 255.00 mm

Load Computations:
Estimated Beam Weight (to be
added to DL) Wbeam=Wc*Areabeam 1.16 kN/m
Load) DL 4.19 kPa
weight Ts=1.2(Wslab+DL)+1.6(LL) 6.62 kPa
Total Load including beam wt Wdl = Ts + beam wt;
Ts is multiplied by 2 when
same beam is lying on the
other side. 16.10 kN/m

Coefficient of Resistance, Rn where
= 0.9 Rn = Mu/bd
2
1.69
114

Design of B5 (Longer Beam over Office) - continued

sqrt[1-2Rn/(0.85F'c)]}
0.00640

244.77 mm
2

16.00 mm
201.06 mm
2

1.22
(rounded off)
nf
2.00
402.12 mm
2


Minimum
0.00481
0.00509
[0.003/(0.003+bal)]
0.02759
if f'c 28MPa, = 0.85
0.85
if f'c > 28MPa, = 0.85 - 0.008(f'c
- 28) 0.65

0.85

min 0.00509
sup 0.01051
max
0.02759
min max

115

Design of B3 (Shorter Beam over CR)

3

Beam Description:
Perpendicular short span L 3.30 m

Estimated Beam Size
Assumed height H 330.00 mm
Assumed concrete cover C 75.00 mm
Effective depth d = h c 255.00 mm
Assumed beam width B 150.00 mm

Load Computations:
Estimated Beam Weight (to be added
to DL) Wbeam=Wc*Areabeam 1.16 kN/m
Load) DL 4.19 kPa
weight Ts=1.2(DL)+1.6(LL) 6.62 kPa
Total Load including beam wt Wdl = Ts + beam wt;
Ts is multiplied by 2
when same beam is
lying on the other side. 3.19 kN/m

Coefficient of Resistance, Rn where Rn = Mu/bd
2
0.27
116

Design of B3 (Shorter Beam over CR) - continued

Required Steel Ratio: required = (0.85F'c/Fy)
{1-sqrt[1-
2Rn/(0.85F'c)]} 0.0010

38.08 mm
2

16.00 mm
201.06 mm
2

Number of Bars required N
0.19
To be used Number of Bars (rounded
off)
nf
1.00
201.06 mm
2


Minimum
0.00481
0.00509
[0.003/(0.003+bal)]
0.02759
if f'c 28MPa, = 0.85
0.85
if f'c > 28MPa,
= 0.85 - 0.008(f'c - 28) 0.65

0.85

min 0.00481
sup 0.00526
max
0.02759
min max

117

Design of B2 (Longer Beam over Storage Room)

3

Beam Description:
Perpendicular short span L 3.30 m

Estimated Beam Size

Load Computations:
Estimated Beam Weight
(to be added to DL) Wbeam=Wc*Areabeam 1.16 kN/m
Superimposed Dead Load
(Service Load) DL 4.19 kPa
Subtotal Factored Load
w/o Beam weight Ts=1.2(DL)+1.6(LL) 6.62 kPa
Total Load including beam wt
Wdl = Ts + beam wt; Ts is
multiplied by 2 when same
beam is lying on the other
side.
3.40 kN/m

Coefficient of Resistance, Rn Rn = Mu/bd
2
0.35
118

Design of B2 (Longer Beam over Storage Room) - continued

Required Steel Ratio: required = (0.85F'c/Fy){1-
sqrt[1-2Rn/(0.85F'c)]}
0.00

49.20 mm
2

16.00 mm
201.06 mm
2

0.24
(rounded off)
nf
1.00
201.06 mm
2


Minimum
0.0048
0.0051
[0.003/(0.003+bal)]
0.0276
if f'c 28MPa, = 0.85
0.8500
if f'c > 28MPa,
= 0.85 - 0.008(f'c - 28) 0.65

0.8500

min 0.0048
sup 0.0053
max
0.0276
min max

119

Design of B6 (Arched Wide-Flange Beam)

Basic Requirements:
Length of Purlin Lp 10.00 m
Length of Wide Flange Lw 10.20 m

Computation of Number of Purlin over Beam:
a
Total Normal Load for Purlin TNL 756.74 N/m
Reaction at simple support Rp = wL/2 = TNL*L/2 3,783.71 N
Number of Purlins Np 18.00 pcs

Computation of Max Moment, applied with Progression for Concentrated Loads
due to Purlin:
Summation of Arithmetic
Progression Sn 28.60 m
Difference d -0.50 m
Number of Terms n 11.00
First Progression A1 5.10 m
Reaction at support or Max Shear Vmax = Rw = Np*Rp/2 34,053.40 N
Moment Max Mmax 42,755.94 N-m

Choosing of Section assuming Flange and Web is Compact:
Flexure Fb = 0.66Fy 181.50 MPa
Section Modulus S = Mmax / Fb 235.57 x10
3
mm
3

Choose Section near to computed
S W10x15

Check the compactness of the chosen section:
Base of Flange bf 101.60 mm
Thickness of Flange tf 6.90 mm
Width Thickness Ratio bf/(2tf) 7.36
NSCP Limits of Width Thickness
Ratio 170/sqrt(Fy) 10.25
Since 7.36 < 10.25, Flange is Compact.
Depth of Web d 253.70 mm
Thickness of Web tw 5.80 mm
Width Thickness Ratio d/tw 43.74
120

Design of B6 (Arched Wide-Flange Beam) - continued

Since 43.74 < 101.31, Web is Compact.

Check for Shear Stress:
Clear Distance between Flanges h = d - 2tf 239.90 mm
Width Thickness Ratio h/tw 41.36
NSCP Limit for Width Thickness
Since 57.08 < 60.18, Fvall 0.40Fy
Actual Shear Stress fv = Vmax / dtw 23.14
NSCP Limit for Allowable Shear
Stress Fv = 0.40Fy 110.00
Since 23.14 < 110, chosen section can resist the actual shearing stress.

121

Design of B7 (Inclined Wide-Flange Beam)

Basic Requirements:
Length of Purlin Lp 10.00 m
Length of Wide Flange Lw 10.00 m

Computation of Number of Purlin over Beam:
a
Total Normal Load for Purlin TNL 738.64 N/m
Reaction at simple support Rp = wL/2 = TNL*L/2 3,693.21 N
Number of Purlins Np 17.00 pcs

Computation of Max Moment,
applied with Progression for Concentrated Loads due to Purlin:
Summation of Arithmetic
Progression Sn 27.50 m
Difference d -0.50 m
Number of Terms n 10.00
First Progression A1 5.00 m
Reaction at support or Max Shear Vmax = Rw = Np*Rp/2 31,392.28 N
Moment Max Mmax 46,165.12 N-m

Choosing of Section assuming Flange and Web is Compact:
Flexure Fb = 0.66Fy 181.50
Section Modulus S = Mmax / Fb 254.35 x10
3
mm
3

Choose Section near to computed
S W10x15

Check the compactness of the chosen section
Base of Flange bf 101.60 mm
Thickness of Flange tf 6.90 mm
Width Thickness Ratio bf/(2tf) 7.36
Since 7.36 < 10.25, Flange is Compact.
Depth of Web d 253.70 mm
Thickness of Web tw 5.80 mm
Width Thickness Ratio d/tw 43.74
122

Design of B7 (Inclined Wide-Flange Beam) - continued

Since 43.74 < 101.31, Web is Compact.

Check for Shear Stress:
Clear Distance between Flanges h = d - 2tf 239.90 mm
Width Thickness Ratio h/tw 41.36
NSCP Limit for Width Thickness
Since 57.08 < 60.18, Fvall 0.40Fy
Allowable Shear Stress Fvall = Vmax / dtw 21.33
NSCP Limit for Allowable Shear
Stress Fv = 0.40Fy 110.00
Since 21.33 < 110, chosen section can resist the actual shearing stress.

Design of B8 (Horizontal Wide-Flange Beam)

Selection of Section depends upon the designer because this beam does not carry
any load except its own weight.
Section was based on the arched and inclined beam for aesthetic purposes.
Chosen Section W10x15
Weight of Section W 21.11 kg/m

123

V. DESIGN OF COLUMNS
Design of C4 (Long Wide-Flange Column)

The chosen column to be designed is on the center of the terminal where it receives loads
directed by 4 beams on it.

Basic Requirements:
Length of Column L 9.4 m
Tributary Area TA = L x W = 10m x 10m 100.00 m
2

Weight of 2 Inclined Beam over
Column
W10x15 has 22.38kg/m
divided by 2 for Rsupport 2,537.97 N
Weight of 2 Horizontal Beam over
Column
a
Transferred Load (not normal)
from Beams
Rw or Vmax
multiply by 2 (two-sided) 62,784.56 N
Inclination of Reaction from Beam 9.45 deg
Reaction from Beam (Normal to
Surface)
Rn = (R + WInclined Beam)*cos
+ Whor. beam 66,631.53 N
Young's Modulus E 200.00 Gpa

Choose any Section:
Chosen Section W6 x 12
Area A 2,290.00 mm
2

Radius of Gyration rt 26.67 mm

Properties of Section:
Stiffness, k
Top Hinged and Bottom
Fixed 0.70
Slenderness Ratio kL/r 246.46
Critical Slenderness Ratio 119.82 MPa

Check if it passed:
Allowable Stress
Stressallowable = (12pi
2
E) /
[23(kL/r)
2
] 16.96 MPa
Actual Stress Stressactual = Pactual / Area 29.10 MPa
Since Actual Stress < Allowable Stress, Design passed!

124

Design of C5 (Intermediate Wide-Flange Column)

The chosen column to be designed is on the center of the terminal where it receives loads
directed by 4 beams on it.

Basic Requirements:
Length of Column L 2.75 m
Tributary Area TA = L x W = 10m x 5m 50.00 m
2

Weight of Arched Beam over
Column
Weight of 2 Horizontal Beam over
Column
Transferred Load (not normal) from
Beams
Rw or Vmax from previous
computations of WF Beam 34,053.40 N
Inclination of Reaction from Beam 17.36 deg
Reaction from Beam (Normal to
Surface)
Rn = (R + Warched beam)*cos +
Whor. beam 35,766.39 N
Young's Modulus E 200.00 Gpa

Choose any Section:
Chosen Section W6 x 12
Area A 2,290.00 mm
2

Radius of Gyration rt 26.67 mm

Properties of Section:
Stiffness, k
Top Hinged and Bottom
Fixed 0.70
Slenderness Ratio SR = kL/r 71.65
Critical Slenderness Ratio CSR = sqrt[(2pi
2
E/Fy)] 119.82 MPa

Check if it passed:
Slenderness ratio over Critical = (kL/r)/C 0.60
FS FS = (5/3) + (3/8)() -
3
/8 1.86 MPa
Allowable Stress
Stressallowable = (1 -
0.5
2
)(Fy/FS) 121.14 MPa
Actual Stress Stressactual = Pactual / Area 15.62 MPa
Since Actual Stress < Allowable Stress, Design passed!

125

Design of C1 (RC Column under C5)

3

Computation of Column Dimension:
a
Transferred Load from Columns Ptransferred 35.77 kN
Weight of Steel Column over RC
Column

Wsteel col. = WW6x12*g*L;
WW6x12 = 18.01kg/m
0.48 kN
Dead Load including Slab Load DL 5.51 kPa
Dead Load converted to kN
DL * TA;
TA = (3.3/2)*(4.5+3)/2 26.13 kN
Shear from Beam Load carried by
column
Vbeam; solved through
SAP2000 11.32 kN
Summation of Loads over RC
Column
Psum = P + Wsteel col. + DL +
Vbeam 73.70 kN
Steel Ratio = 1.4 / Fy 0.0051
Main Reinforment Bar Diameter Drebar 16.00 mm
Stirrup Bar Diameter Dstirrup 10.00 mm
Pu = [0.85f'c(Ag-Ast)+fyAst]
Strength Reduction Factor 0.65
Factor 0.80
Actual Gross Area

Ag from Pu = [0.85f'c(Ag-
Ast)+fyAst]
7,397.73 mm
2

Dimension of Square Column Ncolumn
2
= Ag 100.00 mm
But this dimension should be greater than the baseplate which the steel column is
attached.
c
Dimension of Square Base Plate s 200.00 mm
d
Dimension of Beam over
Column b x h 150mm x 330mm

Therefore, make an allowance to the dimension of Base Plate by rounding up to
signigicant 50 units.
Therefore, use 250mm x 250mm Reinforced Concrete Column.
126

Design of C1 (RC Column under C5) - continued
Computation of Number of Rebars:
Gross Area from Computed
Dimension Ag supply = Ncolumn
2
62,500.00 mm
2

Total Compression in the
Concrete c1 = Total Load / (*) 68,781.53 N
Total Compression in the Steel c2 = c1 - 0.85*f'c*Agsupply
-
1,046,843
.47 N
Area of Steel Required Asreqd -4070.9 mm
2

Number of Rebars N -20
Since N < 4, use 4-16mm Rebars.

Computation of Spacing of Stirrups:
First Criteria 48 Tie Diameter 480.00 Mm
Second Criteria 16 Main Diameter 256.00 Mm
Third Criteria Least Dimension of Column 150.00 Mm
Since Third Criteria is least, use 150mm for maximum spacing of ties.

Design of C3 (RC Column under C4)

Weight of Concrete c 23.60
kN/
m
3

a
Transferred Load from Columns Ptransferred 37.18 kN
Shear from Beam Load carried
by column
Vbeam; solved through
SAP2000 11.32 kN
Summation of Loads over RC
Column
Psum = P + Wsteel col. + DL +
Vbeam 48.50 kN

Main Reinforment Bar Diameter Drebar 16.00 mm
Pu = [0.85f'c(Ag-Ast)+fyAst]
127

Factor 0.80
Actual Gross Area
Ag from Pu=[0.85f'c(Ag-
Ast)+fyAst] 4,868.12 mm
2

2
= Ag 100.00 mm
But this dimension should be greater than the baseplate which the steel column is
attached.
c
Dimension of Square Base Plate s 200.00 mm
d
Column b x h 150mm x 330mm
Therefore, make an allowance to the dimension of Base Plate by rounding up to

2
62,500.00 mm
2

Total Compression in the Steel c2 = c1 - 0.85*f'c*Agsupply -1,044,125.35 N
Area of Steel Required Asreqd -4060.35 mm
2

Number of Rebars N -20

First Criteria 48 Tie Diameter 480.00 mm
Second Criteria 16 Main Diameter 256.00 mm
Third Criteria Least Dimension of Column 150.00 mm

Design of C2 (RC Column of Minor Structure)

Primary data herein are taken from previous computations of the beam.

Concrete Compressive
Strength F'c 21.00 MPa
3

128

Tributary Area
TA = L*W;
L = (4.5+3)/2;
W = 3.3/2 6.24 m
2

Max Shear of Beam Load
BL = cbhL/2;
beam dim = 330mm x 150mm 4.42 kN
Dead Load including Slab
Load DL 5.51 kPa
Live Load From NSCP 2010 for Flat Roof 1.00 kPa
Summation of Load Psum = (DL + LL)*TA + BL 36.79 kN
Main Reinforment Bar
Diameter Drebar 16.00 mm
Pu = [0.85f'c(Ag - Ast) + fyAst]
Factor 0.80
Actual Gross Area
Ag from Pu = [0.85f'c(Ag -
Ast) + fyAst] 3,692.34 mm
2

2
= Ag 70.00 mm
Column bxh 150mm x 330 mm

2
22,500.00 mm
2

Steel c2 = c1 - 0.85*f'c*Agsupply -330,883.03 N
Area of Steel Required Asreqd -1,286.70 mm
2

Number of Rebars N -6.40

First Criteria 48 Tie Diameter 480.00 mm
Second Criteria 16 Main Diameter 256.00 mm
Third Criteria Least Dimension of Column 150.00 mm

129

VI. DESIGN OF FOOTINGS
Design of F1 (Square Footing under C1 and C5)

Basic Requirements:
Concrete Compressive Strength F'c
21.00 MPa
Yield Strength of Steel Fy
275.00 MPa

Unfactored Dead Loads:
a
Load over Column
LC from previous
computation of RC Column 73.70
kN
RC Column Weight C = 23.6*H*Dimensions 7.54 kN
Total Unfactored Dead Load TDL 81.24 kN
Unfactored Live Load:
Roof Live Load RLL 0.0675 kN
Total Unfactored Live Load TLL 0.0675 kN

Computation of Dimension of Square Footing:
Allowable Soil Presurre qall based on NSCP 2010 50.00
kPa
Area of footing
Aftg = L
2
= Punfactored / qa 1.63
m
2

Dimension of footing
Lfooting 900.00
mm
Depth of Footing
dsupplied = 0.2 (L);
if failed, redesign 180.00
mm
Thickness of footing
tfooting 280.00
mm
Thickness of soil
tsoil 800.00
mm
dimension of column
N
2
300.00
mm

Computation of Effective Bearing Capacity:
Unit weight of concrete
c 23.60
kN/m
3

unit weight of soil
s 15.60
kN/m
3

effective bearing capacity qe = qa - h
35.28
kPa

Computation of Ultimate Bearing Capacity:
Area of footing, Aftg
Aftg = L
2
m
2

Lfooting 1,600.00
mm
ultimate bearing capacity, qu qu = Pfactored / Aftg 0.03812 MPa
130

Design of F1 (Square Footing under C1 and C5) - continued

Checking for One-Way Shear:
Ultimate Shear Vu = qu*Ashear
length of shear, Lshear 1,600.00 mm
width of shear, Wshear 650 - d mm
Ashear
0.039(1600)(
650 - d) N
Vc Vc = (/6)(f'c)(bd)
916.5151389
91168d
for Vc = Vu
coeff. of d 16.03
num. coeff. 650.00
Required Depth dreqd 40.56 mm

Since depth required < depth of footing, design is allowable.

Vu Vu = qu*Ashear
coeff of d
2
-0.03812
coeff of d -22.87
numerical coeff 94,167.15
Vc Vc = (/3)(f'c)(bd)
coeff of d
2
4.58
coeff of d 1,374.77
for Vc = Vu
coeff of d
2
4.62
coeff. of d 1,397.65
num. coeff. -94,167.15
dreqd (+) 56.73 mm
dreqd (-) -359.21 mm

Since positive required depth < depth of footing, design passed.

Mu Mu = qu (L) (L - dcolumn)
2
/ 2 12.89 kN - m
Ru Ru = Mu / ( b d
2
) 0.27619 MPa
131


0.001012229
min 1.4 / fy 0.005090909
adopt 0.005090909
As As = bd 1,466.18 mm
2

diameter of RSB dRSB 16.00 mm
area of RSB Arsb 201.06 mm
2

number of bars, n n = As /Arsb 7.29
say 8.00 pcs

132

Design of F2 (Square Footing under C3 and C4)

Basic Requirements:
21.00 MPa
275.00 MPa
a
Transferred Load over Column
Load from previous
computaion of column 66.63
kN
Column Weight
Wsteel col. = WW6x12*g*L;
WW6x12 = 18.01kg/m
1.66 kN
Total Unfactored Dead Load
TDL
68.29 kN

Total Unfactored Live Load
TLL
0.0675 kN

kPa
Area of footing
Aftg = L
2
m
2

Lfooting 700.00
mm
Depth of Footing
dsupplied = 0.2 (L);
if failed, redesign 140.00
mm
tfooting 240.00
mm
Thickness of soil
tsoil 800.00
mm
dimension of column
N
2
300.00
mm

unit weight of concrete
c 23.60
kN/m
3

unit weight of soil
s 15.60
kN/m
3

35.60
kPa

Aftg = L
2
m
2

Lfooting 1,400.00
mm
ultimate bearing capacity, qu
qu = Pfactored / Aftg 0.04187
MPa

133


Ashear
0.042(1400)
(550 - d) N
Vc Vc = (/6)(f'c)(bd)
801.950746
617272d
for Vc = Vu
coeff. of d 14.68
num. coeff. 550.00
Vu Vu = qu*Ashear
coeff of d
2
-0.04187
coeff of d -25.12
Vc Vc = (/3)(f'c)(bd)
coeff of d
2
4.58
coeff of d 1,374.77
for Vc = Vu
coeff of d
2
4.62
num. coeff. -78,288.74
dreqd (+) 48.24 mm
dreqd (-) -350.95 mm

2
/ 2 8.87
kN -
m
Ru Ru = Mu / ( b d
2
) 0.35897 MPa
0.00131873
min 1.4 / fy 0.005090909
adopt 0.005090909
134


As As = bd 997.82 mm
2

2

say 5.00 pcs

135

Design of F3 (Square Footing under C2)

Basic Requirements:
21.00 MPa
275.00 MPa
Load over Column
LC from previous
computation of RC Column 45.02
kN
RC Column Weight
C = 23.6*H*Dimensions; H
= 3.55m
1.31 kN
Total Unfactored Dead Load
TDL
38.09 kN

Total Unfactored Live Load
TLL
0.0675 kN

kPa
Area of footing
Aftg = L
2
m
2

Lfooting 400.00
mm
Depth of Footing
dsupplied = 0.2 (L); if failed,
redesign 80.00
mm
tfooting 180.00
mm
Thickness of soil
tsoil 800.00
mm
dimension of column
N
2
300.00
mm

unit weight of concrete
c 23.60
kN/m
3

unit weight of soil
s 15.60
kN/m
3

36.08
kPa

Aftg = L
2
m
2

Lfooting 1,200.00
mm
ultimate bearing capacity, qu
qu = Pfactored / Aftg 0.03787
MPa

136

Design of F3 (Square Footing under C2) - continued

Ashear
0.038(1100)(
400 - d) N
Vc Vc = (/6)(f'c)(bd)
630.1041580
56428d
for Vc = Vu
coeff. of d 16.13
num. coeff. 400.00


Vu Vu = qu*Ashear
coeff of d
2
-0.03787
coeff of d -22.72
Vc Vc = (/3)(f'c)(bd)
coeff of d
2
4.58
coeff of d 1,374.77
for Vc = Vu
coeff of d
2
4.62
num. coeff. -42,413.63
dreqd (+) 27.80 mm
dreqd (-) -330.25 mm


2
/ 2 3.33 kN - m
Ru Ru = Mu / ( b d
2
) 0.52596 MPa

137

Design of F3 (Square Footing under C2) - continued

0.00194
min 1.4 / fy 0.00509
adopt 0.00509
As As = bd 448.00 mm
2

2

say 3.00 pcs

138

VII. DESIGN OF VERTICAL STIRRUPS
Design of Vertical Stirrups for Beams over Waiting Area

Primary data herein are taken from previous computations of the Beam.

Weight of Concrete Wc 23.600 kN/m
3

Beam Description:
Total Uniform Load W 26.000 kN/m

Computed Beam Size from Beam Computations:
Height h 330.000 mm
Beam Width b 125.000 mm

Computation of the Spacing of Stirrup:
Maximum Shear Vmax or Vu = WL/2 42.900 kN
Spacing of Stirrup s 165.000 mm

Computation of Area of Stirrups:
Concrete Shear Force Vc 36.379 kN
Factored Concrete Shear Force Phi Vc 30.922 kN
Minimum Area of Stirrup Av 25.000 mm
2

Diameter of Stirrup ds 10.000 mm
Area of Stirrup Bars As 78.540 mm
2

Since As > Av, it passed!

139

Design of Vertical Stirrups for Beams over Guardhouse


3

Beam Description:

Height h 330.000 mm


2

2


140

Design of Vertical Stirrups for Beams over Office


3

Beam Description:
Simple Span L 3.4 m

Height h 330.000 mm


2

2


141

Design of Vertical Stirrups for Beams over Storage Room


3

Beam Description:

Height h 330.000 mm


2

2


142

Design of Vertical Stirrups for Beams over CR


3

Beam Description:

Height h 330.000 mm


2

2


143

VIII. DESIGN OF BOLTS

Design of Base Plate and Bolts of C1 with Fillet Computation

The base plate rests on full area of a square concrete column.

Relevant Properties:
Steel Section W6 x 12
Flange Width bf 101.60 mm
Depth d 153.20 mm
Web Thickness tw 5.80 mm
Flange Thickness tf 7.10 mm
Weight of Steel Column W 18.01 kg/m
Length of Steel Column L 2.73 m
Load due to Weight of Steel
Column Psteel column = WLg 482.33 N
Load carried by Steel Column DL x 2 since 2 beams act on
both sides.
33,747.07 N
Total Load TL = 2DL + Psteel column 34,229.40 N

Computation of Base Plate Dimension:
Allowable Bearing Stress on
Concrete Fp = 0.35F'c 7.35 MPa
Allowable Bearing Stress on Steel Fb = 0.75Fy 206.25 MPa
Area of Base Plate A = TL / Fp 4,657.06 mm
2

Dimension of Base Plate N
2
= A; N = ? 68.24 mm
Dimension of Base Plate (rounded
up per tenths)) Nf 70.00 mm
Square Dimension of Wide Flange bf x (2tf + d)
101.6mm x
167.4mm
Therefore, make an allowance to the dimension of Wide Flange by rounding up to
Use 200mm x 200mm.

144

Design of Base Plate and Bolts of C1 with Fillet Computation - continued

Computation of Base Plate Thickness:
Base Plate Outboard paralled to
Flange m = (N - 0.95d) / 2 -38.65 mm
Base Plate Outboard paralled to
Web n = (N - 0.8bf) / 2 -6.52 mm
Actual Bearing Pressure fp = P / Aactual; Aactual = Nf
2
0.86 MPa
Plate Thickness t = sqrt[(3fpx
2
)/(Fb)] 2.13 mm
Plate Thickness (rounded up per
tenths) tf 10.00 mm
Therefore, use 10mm thick base plate.

Computation of Bolts:
Wind Load from NSCP 2010 Worig.wind 0.5 kPa
Tributary Area
TA = (TW)*Length of Curve
Beam 102 m
2

Wind Load convert to kN to get
shear P = Worig.wind*TA 51.00 kN
Chosen Bolt
A325 whose threads are not excluded from shear
plane.
Total Area of Bolts on Shear Abolts; d = 12mm 452.39 mm
2

Actual Shear Stress acting on
Bolts fv = P/Abolts 112.73 MPa
Allowable Shear Stress from
NSCP 2010 Fv 145.00 MPa
Since fv < Fv, design of bolts passed.

Computation of Fully Weld (Fillet) between Plate and Column (assume equal-leg
fillet):
Choose size and electrode no. E60 XX Electrode, 4.76mm or 3/16in
Allowable Load on Weld Pweld all. 0.42 kN/mm
Total Length of Weld Lweld = 2*(bf+d-tw+2*tf) 500.60 mm
Actual Load on Weld Pweld = TL / Lweld 0.07 kN/mm
Since Pweld < Pweld all., design of fillet passed.

145

Design of Bolts between C4 and B6

Basic Requirements:
Chosen bolt A325 Bolt with threads excluded from shear plane.
Allowable Shearing Stress
of chosen bolt Fv 145.00 MPa

Computation of Actual Shearing Stress and Allowable Tensile Stress:
a
Shear Max carried by
Inclined Beam Vmax 33,900.71 N
b
Shear caused by weight of
Inclined Beam
Vweight = Wbeam*g*Lbeam;
Wbeam = 21.11kg/m 2,112.31 N
Load acting on bolt Pbolt = Vmax + Vwt. of beam 36,013.02 N
Area on Shear Av; dbolt = 20mm 452.39 mm
2

Actual Shearing Stress fv = P / Av 79.61 MPa
Since fv < Fv, design of bolts for shear passed.
Allowable Tensile Stress Ft = sqrt(303
2
-2.15fv
2
) 279.61 MPa
Moment caused by
eccentricity M = Pe; e is 200mm 7,202,603.83 N-mm
Distance of Centroid of
Bolt to NA y 75.00 mm
Actual Tensile Force T = My / (summation of y
2
) 24,008.68 N
Maximum Tensile Stress
ft = P / At; At is area of
single bolt. 212.28 MPa
Since ft < Ft, design of bolts for tension passed.

Computation of Safe Load:
Moment M 200P N-mm
Tensile Force T = My / (summation of y
2
) (2/3)*P N
Actual Shearing Stress fv = P / Av P/(100) MPa
2
-2.15fv
2
)
sqrt(303
2
-
2.15(P/(100))
2
) MPa
Solve for P by eq'n T = Ft
x A
(2/3)*P = sqrt(303
2
-
2.15(P/(100))
2
) x Av 61,906.90 N
Check fv fv = P / Av 136.84 MPa
Since fv < Fv = 145 MPa, design passed.

146


Basic Requirements:

a
Shear Max carried by
Inclined Beam Vmax 31,181.55 N
b
Shear caused by weight of
Inclined Beam
Vweight = Wbeam*g*Lbeam;
Wbeam = 21.11kg/m 2,070.89 N
Load acting on bolt Pbolt = Vmax + Vwt. of beam 33,252.44 N
Area on Shear Av; dbolt = 12 mm 452.39 mm
2

2
-2.15fv
2
) 283.18 MPa
Moment caused by
eccentricity M = Pe; e is 200mm 6,650,488.69 N-mm
2
) 22,168.30 N
Maximum Tensile Stress
ft = P / At; At is area of
single bolt. 196.01 MPa

Moment M 200P N-mm
2
) (2/3)*P N
Allowable Tensile Stress

Ft = sqrt(303
2
-2.15fv
2
)

sqrt(303
2
-
2.15(P/(100))
2
) MPa
Solve for P by eq'n T = Ft
x A

(2/3)*P = sqrt(303
2
-
2.15(P/(100))
2
) x Av
61,906.90 N
147


Basic Requirements:

Load from Beam
W12x14 has 21.11 kg/m
divided by 2 for Vmax 1,035.45 N
Area on Shear Av; dbolt = 12mm 452.39 mm
2

2
-2.15fv
2
) 302.98 MPa
Moment caused by
eccentricity M = Pe; e is 200mm 207,089.10 N-mm
2
) 690.30 N
Actual Maximum Tensile
Stress
ft = P / At;
At is area of single bolt. 6.10 MPa

Moment M 200P N-mm
2
) (2/3)*P N
2
-2.15fv
2
)
sqrt(303
2
-
2.15(P/(100))
2
) MPa
Solve for P by eq'n T = Ft x
A
(2/3)*P = sqrt(303
2
-
2.15(P/(100))
2
) x Av 61,906.90 N

148

IX. DESIGN OF WELD
Computation of Fully Weld (Fillet) between Purlins and B6

Properties of Steel Sections:
a
Base of WF parallel to length of
purlin bWF 100.80 mm
Base of purlin bpurlin 61.80 mm

Computation and checking of Allowable and Actual Load:
b
Total Normal Load carrie by Purlin TNL; including its weight 753.35 N/m
Load acting on Weld
Vmax = TNL*L/2; L =
10m 3.77 kN
Total Length of Weld or Perimeter
Lweld = 2*(0.5*bWF +
bpurlin) 224.40 mm
Actual Load on Weld Pweld = Vmax / Lweld 0.02 kN/mm

Computation of Fully Weld (Fillet) between Purlins and B7

Properties of Steel Sections:
a
Base of WF parallel to length of
purlin bWF 100.80 mm
Base of purlin bpurlin 61.80 mm

Computation and checking of Allowable and Actual Load:
b
Total Normal Load carrie by Purlin TNL; including its weight 733.80 N/m
Load acting on Weld
Vmax = TNL*L/2; L =
10m 3.67 kN
Total Length of Weld or Perimeter
Lweld = 2*(0.5*bWF +
bpurlin) 224.40 mm
Actual Load on Weld Pweld = Vmax / Lweld 0.02 kN/mm

APPENDIX B: DETAILED ESTIMATES

150

Item
No.
Description Qty Unit
Unit Cost
Total Amount
Material
Cost
Labor
Cost
Total Cost

I. General Requirements
Mobilization (including gen. cleaning) 1.00 lot 24,000.00 600.00 24,600.00 24,600.00
Subtotal General Requirements 24,600.00

II. Site Development
1.0 Landscape
1.1 Trees 4.00 pcs 500.00 100.00 600.00 2,400.00
2.0 Demolition of Existing Slab 1.00 lot 5,000.00 4,000.00 9,000.00 9,000.00
3.0 Hauling and Disposal of Debris 1.00 lot 3,000.00 1,200.00 4,200.00 4,200.00
4.0
Sidewalk (150mm thk concrete with 10mm
diameter rebars at 300mm on center on both
ways)
4.1 Concrete 12.50 m
3
3,420.00 1,026.00 4,446.00 55,575.00
4.2 Rebars 346.32 kg 35.00 3.50 38.50 13,333.32
4.3 Formworks 3.00 m
2
395.75 158.30 554.05 1,662.15
4.4 Floor Finish: Plain Cement 50.00 m
2
55.00 22.00 77.00 3,850.00
4.5 Floor Finish: Crashed Gravel 50.00 m
2
1,200.00 360.00 1,560.00 78,000.00
Subtotal Site Development 168,020.47

III. Earthworks
Excavation 0.00 m
3
0.00 0.00 0.00
151

Backfilling and Compaction 1,942.99 m
3
200.00 200.00 388,598.00
Subtotal Earthworks 388,598.00

IV. Structural Works
1.0 Concrete Works 0.00 0.00
1.1
Footings (S1 + S2 + S3 + S4) 7.62 m
3
4,191.00 1,257.30 5,448.30 41,522.58
1.2
Wall Footing 13.06 m
3
4,191.00 1,257.30 5,448.30 71,171.14
1.3
Columns 1.22 m
3
3,586.00 1,075.80 4,661.80 5,688.85
1.4
Beams 2.59 m
3
3,586.00 1,075.80 4,661.80 12,076.39
1.5
Roof Slab of Minor Structure (One Way
Slab) 4.12 m
3
3,586.00 1,075.80 4,661.80 19,189.93
1.6
Roof Slab of Minor Structure (Two Way
Slab) 3.00 m
3
3,586.00 1,075.80 4,661.80 13,974.68
1.7
Slab on Grade 120.00 m
3
3,420.00 1,026.00 4,446.00 533,520.00
1.8
Septic Vault 1.44 m
3
3,586.00 1,434.40 5,020.40 7,229.38
2.0 Rebars
2.1 Footings 407.38 kg 35.00 3.50 38.50 15,684.21
2.2 Wall Footing 148.08 kg 35.00 3.50 38.50 5,701.08
2.3 Columns 123.16 kg 35.00 3.50 38.50 4,741.74
2.4 Beams 397.91 kg 35.00 3.50 38.50 15,319.46
2.5 Roof Slab of Minor Structure 512.18 kg 35.00 3.50 38.50 19,719.08
2.6 Slab on Grade 3,974.69 kg 35.00 3.50 38.50 153,025.49
2.7 Septic Vault 192.50 kg 35.00 3.50 38.50 7,411.40
2.8 Masonry Works
100mm thk CHB Interior 388.71 kg 35.00 3.50 38.50 14,965.34
152

150mm thk CHB Exterior Wall and Exterior 159.84 kg 35.00 3.50 38.50 6,153.84
3.0 Stirrups and Ties
3.1 Columns 107.36 kg 35.00 3.50 38.50 4,133.28
3.2 Beams 181.40 kg 35.00 3.50 38.50 6,983.90
4.0 Formworks
4.1 Columns 28.40 m
2
465.19 186.08 651.27 18,495.95
4.2 Beams 20.72 m
2
465.19 186.08 651.27 13,496.84
4.3 Roof Slab of Minor Structure 134.19 m
2
439.44 175.78 615.22 82,558.79
4.4 Slab on Grade 18.00 m
2
395.75 158.30 554.05 9,972.90
4.5 Septic Vault 21.60 m
2
395.75 158.30 554.05 11,967.48
5.0 Steel Works
5.1 Column (W6x12) 115.56 m 3,142.00 628.40 3,770.40 435,707.42
5.2 Beam (W10x15) 350.56 m 5,357.00 1,071.40 6,428.40 2,253,539.90
5.3 Purlins (C8x13.75) 700.00 m 4,340.00 868.00 5,208.00 3,645,600.00
5.4 GI Currogated Sheet (Prepainted Beige) 9,656.00 m
2
287.99 57.60 345.58 3,336,952.67
5.5 Wall Grate, Square Tube
(1/4" thk x 2") 75.36 m 413.40 82.68 496.08 37,384.59
(1/4" thk x 4") 7.80 m 826.80 165.36 992.16 7,738.85
(1/4" thk x 6") 9.42 m 1,240.20 248.04 1,488.24 14,019.22
5.6 Roof Grate, Mild Angle Bar (1/4" thk x 1") 40.00 m 488.00 97.60 585.60 23,424.00
5.7 Gate, (1/4" thk x 2") 84.78 m 413.40 82.68 496.08 42,057.66
5.8 Anchor Bolts 12.00 pc 45.00 9.00 54.00 648.00
5.9 Steel Plate (10mm-thk, 200mm x 200mm) 3.00 sheet 16,644.00 200.00 16,844.00 50,532.00
6.0 Masonry Works
153

6.1 100mm thk CHB Interior Walls 163.66 m
2
280.35 112.14 392.49 64,232.95
6.2 150mm thk CHB Exterior Walls 117.60 m
2
434.45 225.55 660.00 77,616.00
6.3 Septic Vault 7.20 m
2
434.45 225.55 660.00 4,752.00
Subtotal Structural 11,088,908.99

V. Civil Works and Architectural
1.0 Floor Slab
Floor Finish: Plain Cement 734.00 m
2
55.00 22.00 77.00 56,518.00
Traffic Markings 96.00 m 45.32 24.12 69.44 6,666.12

Mariwasa Floor Tile (12"x12"x3mm) for
Office, Waiting Area and Guard House 45.77 m
2
574.00 114.80 688.80 31,525.00
Ceramic Floor Tiles of CR 9.90 m
2
828.80 331.52 1,160.32 11,487.17
2.0 Walls and Ceilings
2.1
Interior and Exterior (Inside Face) Walls of
Minor Structure

Wall Finish: Plastering of all inside walls
and storage room's ceiling 253.87 m
2
109.60 43.84 153.44 38,954.50

Paint of Interior Walls (Outside face,
Acrylic Semi gloss latex paint without
scaffolding) 58.18 m
2
68.01 54.00 122.01 7,099.21

Paint of Walls of Office (Acrylic Semi gloss
latex paint without scaffolding) 47.07 m
2
68.01 54.00 122.01 5,743.48

Paint of Walls of Guard House (Acrylic
Semi gloss latex paint without scaffolding) 46.93 m
2
68.01 54.00 122.01 5,726.15

Paint of Walls of Waiting Area (Acrylic
Semi gloss latex paint without scaffolding) 48.71 m
2
68.01 54.00 122.01 5,942.72
Ceramic Wall Tiles of CR 29.82 m
2
453.80 181.52 635.32 18,945.24
154

Paint of Upper Walls of CR (Acrylic Semi
gloss latex paint without scaffolding) 14.91 m
2
68.01 54.00 122.01 1,819.20
2.2
Exterior Walls of Minor Sturcture (Outside
Face)
Wall Finish: Plastering 71.00 m
2
109.60 43.84 153.44 10,894.24

scaffolding 71.00 m
2
68.01 54.00 122.01 8,662.86
2.3 Other Exterior Walls
Wall Finish: Plain Cement 278.01 m
2
109.60 43.84 153.44 42,657.85

scaffolding 278.01 m
2
68.01 54.00 122.01 33,920.59
2.4
Ceiling of Office, Guard House, Waiting
Area and CR (Gypsum Board) 64.92 m
2
473.58 142.07 615.66 39,966.51
3.0 Steel Paints
3.1
Wall Grate, Square Tube (Black Acrylic
Semi gloss latex paint without scaffolding)
(1/4" thk x 2") 15.32 m
2
68.01 54.00 122.01 1,869.23
(1/4" thk x 4") 3.17 m
2
68.01 54.00 122.01 386.78
(1/4" thk x 6") 5.74 m
2
68.01 54.00 122.01 700.35
3.2
Roof Grate, Mild Angle Bar 1/4" thk x 1"
(Black Acrylic Semi gloss latex paint
without scaffolding) 4.06 m
2
68.01 54.00 122.01 495.86
3.3
Gate, 1/4" thk x 2" (Black Acrylic Semi
gloss latex paint without scaffolding) 17.22 m
2
68.01 54.00 122.01 2,101.05
3.4
Column, W6x12 (White Acrylic Semi gloss
latex paint with scaffolding) 60.83 m
2
68.01 74.00 142.01 8,638.60
3.5
Beam, W10x15 (White Acrylic Semi gloss
latex paint with scaffolding) 254.72 m
2
68.01 74.00 142.01 36,173.33
155

3.6
Purlins, C8x13.75 (White Acrylic Semi
gloss latex paint with scaffolding) 426.44 m
2
68.01 74.00 142.01 60,559.65
4.0 Doors and Windows
4.1
1.2 X 2.9 6mm Thk. Fixed Glass Window
On Alum. Frame 1.00 pc. 3710.00 1,113.00 4,823.00 4,823.00

1.2x1.4 6mm Thk. Sliding Glass Window
On Alum. Frame 2.00 pcs. 3840.00 1,152.00 4,992.00 9,984.00

1.2x1.2 6mm Thk. Sliding Glass Window
On Alum. Frame 1.00 pc. 3780.00 1,134.00 4,914.00 4,914.00

0.5x0.5 6MM Thk. Awning Glass Window
On Alum. Frame 2.00 pcs. 1830.00 549.00 2,379.00 4,758.00
2.1x0.8 Solid Wood KD Panel Door 2.00 pcs. 8820.00 2,646.00 11,466.00 22,932.00
2.1x0.7 Solid Wood KD Panel Door 2.00 pcs. 7840.00 2,352.00 10,192.00 20,384.00
2.1x0.5 PVC Door with Louver 3.00 pcs. 1870.00 561.00 2,431.00 7,293.00
Subtotal Civil Works and Architectural 512,541.70

VI. Electrical
1.0 Light, Outlets, and Switches
1.1 22 W Dome Type Reflector 20 pcs. 640.00 192.00 832.00 16,640.00
1.2 13 W Pinlight 9 pcs. 84.75 25.43 110.18 991.58
1.3 30 W ELDFL Flood Light 5 pcs. 1699.75 509.93 2,209.68 11,048.38
1.4 32 W Circular Light 6 pcs. 269.75 80.93 350.68 2,104.05
1.5 Convenience Outlet 6 pcs. 89.75 26.93 116.68 700.05
1.6 Light Outlet 40 pcs. 48.00 14.40 62.40 2,496.00
1.7 Single Pole Switch 4 pcs. 30.00 9.00 39.00 156.00
1.8 Duplex Switch 1 pc. 94.75 28.43 123.18 123.18
1.9 Triplex Switch 6 pcs. 129.75 38.93 168.68 1,012.05
156

2.0 Panel Board 1 pc. 849.75 254.93 1,104.68 1,104.68
3.0 Circuit Breakers
3.1 15A 2PCB Bolt-on 1 pc. 519.75 155.93 675.68 675.68
3.2 20A 2PCB Bolt-on 1 pc. 419.75 125.93 545.68 545.68
3.3 60 A 2PCB Bolt-on 1 pc. 224.75 67.43 292.18 292.18
4.0 Electrical Tape 1 pc. 28.00 8.40 36.40 36.40
5.0 Conductor and Conduits
5.1 3.55 mm2 THWN Cu Conductor 6 box 2772.00 831.60 3,603.60 21,621.60
5.2 20 mm-dia UPVC 80 pcs. 72.00 21.60 93.60 7,488.00
5.3 20 mm-dia UPVC flex 1 pc. 680.00 204.00 884.00 884.00
5.4 30 mm-dia RSC 7 pcs. 1330.00 399.00 1,729.00 12,103.00
Subtotal Electrical 80,022.48

VII. Plumbing
1.0 Catch Basin 14 pcs. 350.00 105.00 455.00 6,370.00
2.0 Water Closet 3 pcs. 4500.00 1,350.00 5,850.00 17,550.00
3.0 Lavatory 2 pcs. 1200.00 360.00 1,560.00 3,120.00
4.0 Floor Drain 7 pcs. 120.00 36.00 156.00 1,092.00
5.0 Gate Valve 2 pcs. 480.00 144.00 624.00 1,248.00
6.0 Clean Out 1 pc. 64.00 19.20 83.20 83.20
7.0 Urinal 2 pcs. 3650.00 1,095.00 4,745.00 9,490.00
8.0 4 in-dia PVC inlet 6 pcs. 714.00 214.20 928.20 5,569.20
9.0 4 in-dia PVC outlet 1 pc. 714.00 214.20 928.20 928.20
10.0 Pipe Lines
10.1 50mm-dia UPVC (Waste Pipe Line) 5.00 pcs. 265.20 79.56 344.76 1,723.80
10.2 100mm-dia Solid Pipe Line 5.00 pcs. 714.00 214.20 928.20 4,641.00
157

10.3 50mm-dia PVC (Water Pipe Line) 15.00 pcs. 250.00 75.00 325.00 4,875.00
10.4 50mm-dia VTR 15.00 pcs. 850.00 255.00 1,105.00 16,575.00
10.5 100mm-dia Soil Pipe Line 100.00 pcs. 714.00 214.20 928.20 92,820.00
10.6 Teplone Tape 2 rolls 7.00 2.10 9.10 18.20
Subtotal Plumbing 166,103.60

Subtotal 12,430,531.21

Contingen
cy, 10% 1,243,053.12
VAT, 12% 1,640,854.12
TOTAL 15,314,438.45

APPENDIX C: TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY

159

OCC OBS VER U M L S HI (meas) HD
0 1 -0.048316531 2.89 2.745 2.605 0.285 1.51 28.43352
0 2 -0.01225609 3.025 2.96 2.9 0.125 1.51 12.49812
2 3 0.049266766 2.02 2 1.75 0.27 1.5 26.93452
2 4 -0.008203047 1.7 1.605 1.51 0.19 1.5 18.99872

Where:
OCC = station occupied
OBS = station observed
VER = vertical angle (radians)
U, M, L = upper, middle, lower stadia hair reading
S = stadia intercept
FS = foresight
HD = horizontal distance from the center of the instrument to the rod held
VD = vertical distance from the instruments horizontal line of sight to apparent position of the horizontal cross hair on the rod held
HI (meas) = height of instrument measured

160

Equations used:
HD = Ks cos
2
*
VD = Ks cos sin *
*K = 100, stadia interval factor of the instrument
HI = Elevation + BS
Elevation = HI - FS

OCC OBS Azimuth U M L S FS Ver, rad HD VD HI (meas) HI (comp) Elevation
A 1 263.348 1.845 1.740 1.635 0.210 1.740 0.017 20.994 0.366 1.5 0.606 100.000
2 236.867 1.375 1.260 1.145 0.230 1.260 0.017 22.993 0.401 1.5 0.161 99.839
3 295.342 2.105 2.000 1.895 0.210 2.000 0.000 21.000 0.000 1.5 -0.500 99.500
4 272.581 1.845 1.695 1.545 0.300 1.695 0.000 30.000 0.000 1.5 -0.195 99.805
5 314.689 2.465 2.335 2.205 0.260 2.335 0.000 26.000 0.000 1.5 -0.835 99.165
6 330.134 2.085 2.020 1.955 0.130 2.020 0.000 13.000 0.000 1.5 -0.520 99.480
7 302.764 3.230 3.080 2.930 0.300 3.080 0.000 30.000 0.000 1.5 -1.580 98.420
8 317.431 3.750 3.585 3.430 0.320 3.585 0.000 32.000 0.000 1.5 -2.085 97.915
9 299.993 3.895 3.670 3.445 0.450 3.670 0.000 45.000 0.000 1.5 -2.170 97.830
10 321.118 3.650 3.450 3.240 0.410 3.450 0.000 41.000 0.000 1.5 -1.950 98.050
11 312.664 3.690 3.440 3.190 0.500 3.440 0.000 50.000 0.000 1.5 -1.940 98.060
12 332.612 2.165 1.940 1.715 0.450 1.940 0.035 44.945 1.570 1.5 1.130 101.130
13 347.629 2.210 2.060 1.910 0.300 2.060 0.035 29.963 1.046 1.5 0.486 100.486
161

OCC OBS Azimuth U M L S FS Ver, rad HD VD HI (meas) HI (comp) Elevation
14 2.414 2.155 2.035 1.920 0.235 2.035 0.035 23.471 0.820 1.5 0.285 100.285
15 338.435 2.220 1.975 1.740 0.480 1.975 0.035 47.942 1.674 1.5 1.199 101.199
16 316.332 1.330 1.290 1.250 0.080 1.290 0.035 7.990 0.279 1.5 0.489 100.489
17 303.083 1.310 1.230 1.150 0.160 1.230 0.035 15.981 0.558 1.5 0.828 100.828
18 273.409 1.045 0.985 0.925 0.120 0.985 0.035 11.985 0.419 1.5 0.934 100.934
19 245.453 1.115 1.055 0.995 0.120 1.055 0.035 11.985 0.419 1.5 0.864 100.864
20 26.433 1.395 1.345 1.295 0.100 1.345 0.035 9.988 0.349 1.5 0.504 100.504
21 58.251 1.130 1.085 1.040 0.090 1.085 0.035 8.989 0.314 1.5 0.729 100.729
22 99.763 0.135 0.088 0.025 0.110 0.088 0.035 10.987 0.384 1.5 1.796 101.796
23 124.455 0.275 0.230 0.185 0.090 0.230 0.035 8.989 0.314 1.5 1.584 101.584
A B 127.924 3.255 3.160 3.065 0.190 3.160 1.030 5.040 8.388 1.5 10.048 89.952
B 24 195.982 1.070 1.020 0.970 0.100 1.020 0.017 9.997 0.174 1.5 -0.306 90.258
25 225.537 0.890 0.825 0.760 0.130 0.825 0.017 12.996 0.227 1.5 -0.448 90.400
26 245.070 1.161 1.090 1.025 0.136 1.090 0.017 13.596 0.237 1.5 -0.173 90.125
27 224.868 1.215 1.115 1.015 0.200 1.115 0.017 19.994 0.349 1.5 -0.036 89.988
28 222.874 2.425 2.275 2.125 0.300 2.275 0.070 29.854 2.088 1.5 2.863 87.089
29 211.233 2.620 2.490 2.360 0.260 2.490 0.070 25.873 1.809 1.5 2.799 87.153
30 144.649 1.430 1.400 1.370 0.060 1.400 0.070 5.971 0.418 1.5 0.318 89.634
31 281.918 2.310 2.255 2.200 0.110 2.255 0.035 10.987 0.384 1.5 1.139 88.813
32 262.294 1.580 1.525 1.470 0.110 1.525 0.035 10.987 0.384 1.5 0.409 89.543

101 100 100
99
101
99 98 102
TOPOGRAPHIC MAP
Scale: N.D.T.S.
Legend:
Proposed Terminal
Trees
Road

APPENDIX D: QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY

164

Please answer YES or NO.
1. Is it hard to get on a public vehicle along the road? (In terms of waiting time and
comfort.)
2. Is the area (near the municipal hall) where the tricycles gather destructs the highway?
3. Do you find it unsafe to wait along the road for buses?
4. If there is a terminal, are you willing to go there to get a bus ride?
5. Are you in favor of having a terminal for buses, PUJs, PUVs, and tricycles here in
Barbaza?

Statistical Average

Modal approach of statistical average considers the response of the person as
either yes or no depending on the majority of his/her response to the set of questions.
CENTRAL PHILIPPINE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Jaro, Iloilo City

Palihog sabat OO ukon INDI.
1. Budlay bala magsakay sa kilid dalan?
2. Ang kadya nga lugar nga ginatambayan ka mga tricycles (rapit sa munisipyo)
gapagutok sa ginagamit nga dalan?
3. Delikado bala para sa imu maghulat sa kilid dalan para magsakay sang bus?
4. Willing bala kamu magkadto sa terminal para magsakay bus?
5. Pabor bala kamu magpatindog sang terminal para sa lain-lain nga salakyan
(jeep, tricycle, vans, bus) diri sa Barbaza?

165

Results show that 80% of the population of Barbaza is in favor of constructing the
proposed terminal.

Average Results for 5 questions
TOTAL
Responses
TOTAL Yes No
f % f % f %
Drivers 19 76% 6 24% 25 50%
Passengers 21 84% 4 25% 25 50%
TOTAL 40 80% 10 20% 50 100%

Individual Results (Question 1)
Question 1
Responses
TOTAL Yes No
f % f % f %
Drivers 19 76 6 24 25 50%
Passengers 21 84 4 16 25 50%
TOTAL 40 80 10 20 50 100%

Question 2
Responses
TOTAL Yes No
f % f % f %
Drivers 16 64 9 36 25 50%
Passengers 15 60 10 40 25 50%
TOTAL 31 62 19 38 50 100%

166

Question 3
Responses
TOTAL Yes No
f % f % f %
Drivers 18 72 7 28 25 50%
Passengers 19 76 6 24 25 50%
TOTAL 37 74 13 26 50 100%

Question 4
Responses
TOTAL Yes No
f % f % f %
Drivers 24 96 1 4 25 50%
Passengers 21 84 4 16 25 50%
TOTAL 45 90 5 10 50 100%

Question 5
Responses
TOTAL Yes No
f % f % f %
Drivers 25 100 0 0 25 50%
Passengers 24 96 1 4 25 50%
TOTAL 49 98 1 2 50 100%

A Proposed Integrated Transport Terminal For Barbaza, Antique

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