CHEM131 - Spring 14 -March 27

Lecture March 27
1
Chap. 10 - Molecular Geometries
HW and Quiz Chap. 9 - Due April 3
Valence Bond Theory
VSEPR
CHEM131 - Spring 14 -March 27
Electron Decient Structures
2
With Be (2 valence electrons) and
B (3 valence electrons)
BeCl
2
BCl
3
Be Cl Cl
linear 180
o
Geometry about Central Atom
B
120
o
two electron pairs
three electron pairs
CHEM131 - Spring 14 -March 27
Tetrahedral
Electron Conguration
3
Four electron pairs - bond angles 109.5
o
These follow the OCTET rule
CH
4
NH
3
H
2
O
No lone pairs One lone pair Two lone
pairs
tetrahedral
molecular
geometry
109.5
o
trigonal
pyramidal
107
o
bent
104.5
o
CHEM131 - Spring 14 -March 27
Expanded Octets
4
SF
6
PF
5
5 electron pairs 6 electron pairs
trigonal
bipyramidal
molecular geometry
octahedral
all angles 90
o
180
o
,120
o
and 90
o

bond angles
No lone pairs - orbital
geometry is same as
molecular geometry
CHEM131 - Spring 14 -March 27
Special Geometries from
Lone Pairs
5
10 electrons
5 pairs
ClF
3
T-shaped
12 electrons
6 pairs
XeF
4
Square planar
NH
3
trigonal pyramidal
H
2
O
bent
Square pyramidal
ClF
5
Seesaw
SF
4
Linear
XeF
2
8 electrons
4 pairs
1 lone pair
2 lone pairs
1 lone pair
2 lone pairs
3 lone pairs
1 lone pair
2 lone pairs
See TABLE 10.1
KNOW!!!
CHEM131 - Spring 14 -March 27
Example of Ions
6
H
3
O
+
Draw the Lewis dot structure
SF
3
+
!!
trigonal pyramidal
CHEM131 - Spring 14 -March 27
Expanded Octet Example
7
First Step - Create the LEWIS DOT structure
XeOF
4
square pyramidal
6 electron pairs - one lone pair
CHEM131 - Spring 14 -March 27
Structures with Multiple Bonds
8
Only count one pair in a multiple bond
to determine the molecular geometry
CO
2
linear
CO
3
2-
carbonate ion
trigonal planar
CHEM131 - Spring 14 -March 27
Organic Molecules
9
Analyze the geometries around the
di"erent atoms
C
1
C
2
C
3
CHEM131 - Spring 14 -March 27
Quiz of the Day
10
Answer: 120
What is the O-N-O bond angle in the
NO
3
-
ion?