AlgebraII Topic:LinearEquations

By:Travis,Nano,Natasha,Jess,andEmilyV.

Definitions:
1)Alinearequationisanalgebraicexpressionrepresentingalinewithaconstantslope.Linearequations
canhaveoneormorevariablesanddonotincludeexponentstheseequationsappearinmanyforms,six
ofthembeing:
SlopeinterceptForm:Y=mx+b
HorizontalLine:Y=b
VerticalLine:X=a
StandardForm:Ax+By=C
PointSlopeForm:Y
2
Y
1
=m(X
2
X
1
)
InterceptForm:x/a+y/b=1

2)Alinearequationisanequationforastraightlineinwhicheachtermiseitheraconstantortheproduct
ofaconstantand(thefirstpowerof)asinglevariable.

3)Alinearequationisanequationthatmakesastraightlinewhenitsgraphedafterwrittenintheformof
y=mx+bwhereycorrespondstotheyaxiswithrespectivevaluesofxandb.Mcorrespondstotheslope
ofthelineandbrelatestotheyintercept.Therearemanyformsforlinearequations.Thelineorslopeis
madeupofmultiplepoints.

4)Linearequations,orlinearfunctionsarefunctionswhosegraphsarestraightlines(Shmoop).

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Professions:
ConstructionandRemodeling
Managerial
Financial
ComputerScientist
Administrative
Construction
HealthCare
MathTeacher
Advertising/Marketing
Engineering
TaxiCabDriver
Chef
StructuralEngineer
Architecture
Business
BiologicalScientist
PhysicistandAstronomer

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Examples:

Example1:TaxiDrivers
AveragetaxifareinDenver,Coloradois$2.25permilewitha$2.50servicecharge.Howmuchmoney
wouldyoubechargedifyouweretotakethetaxisevenmiles?(TaxiFareFinder)

Solution:
(x=NumberofMiles)
y=2.25x+2.50
y=2.25(7)+2.50
y=15.75+2.50
y=18.25

Example2:TrainStations
TheBarttraininSanFranciscocosts$10perperson(x)foraonewaytrainride.Howmuchwoulditcost
if5peoplewentonBartfor2roundtrips?(BARTBayAreaRapidTransit)

Solution:
(x=NumberofPeople)
y=4(10x)
y=4(10(5))
y=200

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Example3:CivilEngineering
Systemofequationsisutilizedincivilengineeringtofiguretheinternalpressureofavessellimitedtoits
internalpressurebyitsstructuralmaterial.Usinginternalandexternalradiiaandb,theyieldstrength
ofthestructuralmaterial,andtheradiusofthewholevesseltheinternalpressureofthevesselcanbe
figured.AsanexamplethefollowingproblemwillbeshowntakenfromAutarKaw(Kaw).
Apressurevesselcanonlybesubjectedtoanamountofinternalpressurethatislimitedbythe
strengthofmaterialused.Forexample,takeapressurevesselofinternalradiusofa5"andouter
radius,b8",madeofASTM36steel(yieldstrengthofASTM36steelis36ksi).Howmuchinternal
pressurecanthispressurevesseltakebeforeitisconsideredtohavefailed?

Assumingafactorofsafetyof2,whiletheyieldstrengthisgivenas36ksi,
Additionallysimultaneouslinearequationscanbeusedtofigurethemaximuminternalpressureofa
vesselincomparisontotheringflexofthevessel.CompaniessuchastheAmericanironandsteelinstitute
usesimultaneouslinearequationssuchasthehoopstressformula(=PD/2t)andringstressformula(
D/t=2S/P),whencompilingdesignstandardsforboththeirmaterialsandvesseldesigns("WeldedSteel
PipeDesignManual2007Edition").

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Example4:FinancialManager
AFinancialManagerofSecuritiesandCommoditymakes$88.71perhour.TheFinancialManagerof
SoundRecordingmakes$74.84perhour.IftheFinancialManagerofSecurityandCommodityworks40
hoursaweek,howmanyhourswouldtheFinancialManagerofSoundRecordinghavetoworktomake
thesamepayastheFinancialManagerofSecurityandCommodity("CompareFinancialManagers
SalaryandWages")(DoSalariedEmployeesGetPaidOvertime?")?

Solution:
y=mx+b
($88.71)(40)=3,548.4
3,548.4/74.84=47.4=47hoursand25minutes

Example5:Chef
Achefatarestaurantwantstoincreasearecipeforpeachpiebyseventimesandneedstoknowhow
many16oz.cansofpeachesareneededforthefilling.Iftheoriginalrecipehadtwo16oz.cansof
peaches,howmanywillbenecessarytocompletethepiethechefwantstomake(Moseley)?
Solution: (x=(2)(16oz.canofpeaches))
y=7x
y=7((2)(16oz.canofpeaches))
y=14cans(16oz.)ofpeaches

Thechefwouldhavetouse14cans(16oz.)ofpeachesinordertobakethepie.
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SkillsNeededinOrdertoSolveLinearEquations

Inordertounderstandandsolvelinearequations,basicconceptssuchasmultiplication,division,
subtraction,andadditionmustbefullyunderstood.Oncethesebasicconceptsareunderstood,fourmore
complexconceptsareneededtocorrectlysolveequationstheseconceptsbeingmultiplication,division,
subtraction,andadditionpropertiesofequality.Additionandsubtractionpropertiesrefertoaddingand
subtractingthesamenumberoneachsideoftheequationwhensolvingalinearequationfirst.
Multiplicationanddivisionpropertiesrefertomultiplyinganddividingbythesamenonzeronumberson
bothsidesoftheequationwhensolvingalinearequationwouldbethenextstep.
Asyoumovefurtherintolinearequations,youwillhavetounderstandhowtocompletemultistep
problems.Inadditiontothisyouwillalsoneedtoknowhowtocombineliketerms.Forexample,for
solvingtheequation:4x=7x+9,youwouldfirstneedtosubtractthe7xfrombothsidesinordertocombine
liketerms:3x=9youwouldthenproceedtodividebothsidesby3,thenyouhaveyouranswer:x=3.
Thiswouldbeanexampleofamultistepproblem(SeventhGradeMathSkills)
Inordertosucceedinsolvingalinearequation,youwillalsoneedtoknowhowtoworkwith
tables.Linearequationshaveplentytodowithgraphing.Ifyouwanttoplotpointsyouneedtoknowhow
toplugnumbersintoanequationandthenputtheoutcomesinatable.Forexample,ifyouaretryingto
plotalineonagraph:y=2x+3,youcanplugnumbersintoyourequation(x)andplacetheresultsinatable:

x 2 1 0 1 2
y 1 1 3 5 7

Myfinaloutcomewouldlooklikethis:
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Inadditiontotheseconcepts,onemusthaveagrasponvariables.Variablesarelettersthatare
usedtorepresentoneormorenumberstheselettersarewhataresolvedforwhensolvingalinear
equation.Forexample:solvingtheequation4x+9=21,youmustfirstsubtract9frombothsides.Your
answerwillbe4x=12,thenproceedtodividebothsidesby4.Fromthereyouwillgetyouranswerx=
3(Ron,Boswell,Kanold,Stiff).

WorksCited
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