PLANNING

DEFINITION : PROSESS OF SETTING

GOALS, DEVELOPING STARTEGIC AND
OUTLININGN TASKS AND SCHEDULES TO
ACCOMPLISH GOALS
BENEFIT
AS A ROAD MAP
BETTER COORDINATION
MORE EFFECTIVE CONTROL SYSTEM

COST
MANAGEMENT TIME
DELAY IN DECISION MAKING
PLAN
TOP DOWN
PLANNING EFFORTS WITH BOARD OF
DIRECTOR AND TOP EXCUTE OF FIRM
THE MASTER PLAN

BOTTOM UP
PLANNING INITIATED AT LOWEST
ORGANIZATION
DIRECTLY INVOLVED WITH PRODUCT
& SERVICES
TYPES PLAN
DEVELOP MISSION
VISSION
STRATEGIC PLANNING
OPERATIONAL PLANNING
BARRIES TO PLANINGS
LACK OF CREATIVITY
DEMAND OF TIME
COMMUNICATION BARRIES
NEGATIVITY
FEAR
POOR LEADERSHIPS
SHORTSIGHTEDNESS
OVERCOMING BARRIERS TO
PLANNING
FEEDBACK
DECISION MAKING
PRODUCTIVTY
CHANGES
CORPORATE PLANNING
TO DEVELOP A MIX BUSINESS THAT
MEETS LONG TERM GOALS OF
ORGANIZATION & PROFTABILITY
MAY EXTEND 5 TO 10 YEARS FUTURE.

BUSINESS STRATEGIC PLANNING
EACH DIVISON FOCUS ALL ASPECT OF
ONE BUSINESS. FORMULATED WHO ARE
FAMILIAR OF BUSINESS UNIT
DURATION PLAN 1-5 YEARS.

FUNCTIONAL STATEGIC PLANNING
SEPCFIC ON PRODUCTION, R&D,
FINANCIAL& MARKETING ACTIVITIES TO
IMPLEMENT THE ORGANIZATIONS
DURATION 1OR 2 YEARS AT MOST
SINGLE USE PLANS
TO ADDRESS A SPECIFIC
ORGANIZATIONAL SITUATION
USE ONE TIME ONLY
INCLUDE: PROGRAM, PROJECTS &
BUDGETS

STANDING PLANS
DEAL WITH ORGANIZATIONAL PROBLEM
THAT RECUR FREQUENTLY.
SIMILAR SITUATION APPEAR
INCLUDE : POLICIES, PROCEDURE &
RULES


NORAMIRAH BTE MOHD NOOR
2013960165
NURZARIT SOFIA BTE BAHREN
2013112353
NUR AFIQAH BTE IDRIS
2013104527
NURULLIANA BINTI ABD HADI
2013900173


DEFINE: THE PROSESS THROUGH
WHICH MANAGERS AND LEADERS
IDENTIFY AND RESOLVE PROBLEM
AND CAPITALIZE ON OPPORTUNITIES.
PROBLEM: CONDITION OCCURS
WHEN ORGANIZATIONAL
PERFORMANCE LEESS THAN
DESIRABLE.
OPPORTUNITIES:SITUATION HAS
POTENTIAL TO PROVIDE ADDITIONAL
TYPE OF DECISION
PROGRAMMED DECISION
RESPONSE TO SITUATION IS
ROUTINE OR RECURRING.
DEVELOP & APPLIED IN FUTURE
EXAMPLE: STAT YOUR CAR
NON-PROGRAMMED DECISION
RESPONE THAT SITUATION IS
UNIQUE,UNSTRUCTURED OR
POORLY DEFINED.
IMPORTANT SEQUENCES TO
ORGANIZATION
EXAMPLE: DECIDE TO GET
TATTO.
TYPE OF CONDITIONS
UNDER CERTAINTY
ALL INFORMATION NEED IS
FULLY AVAILABLE.
UNDER RISK
CONDITION NOT ALWAYS KNOW
IN ADVANCE
UNDER UNCERTAINTY
INFORMATION ALTERNATIVE &
FUTURE IS INCOMPLETE
UNDER AMBIGUTY
GOALS TO BE ACHIVE IS
UNCLEAR
STEP IN DECISION MAKING

IDENTIFY OPPORTUNITIES &
DIGNOSEING PROBLEM

IDENTIFY OBJECTIVES

GENERATING ALTERNATIVE

EVALUATING ALTERNATIVE

REACHING DECISION

CHOOSING IMPLEMENTATION
STRATEGIES

MONITORING & EVALUATING
CHARACTERISTICS OF CLASICAL,POLITICAL & ADMISTRATIVE
DECISION MAKING MODEL
CLASICAL MODEL/
POLITICAL MODEL
ADMISTRATIVE MODEL
CLEAR-CUT PROBLEM & GOALS VAGUE PROBLEM & GOALS
FULL INFORMATION LIMITED INFORMATION
RATIONAL CHOICE BY
INDIVIDUAL
SATISFICING CHOICE FOR
RESOLVING
MAXIMIZING OUTCOME PROBLEM USING INTUITON