Homework 3 (Due on April 29, 2014)

Note: All numbered problems are from Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics, Munson et al. 7th Ed. Copying other peoples work is considered plagiarizing, and it will be treated according to the university policy.

3.19 When an airplane is ying 200 mph at 5000 f t altitude in a standard atmosphere, the air velocity at a certain point on the wing is 273 mph relative to the airplane. (a) What suction pressure is developed on the wing at the point? (b) What is the pressure at the leading edge(a stagnation point) of the wing? 3.39 Air ows steadily through a horizontal 4 in. diameter pipe and exits into the atmosphere through a 3 in. diameter nozzle. The velocity at the nozzle exit is 150 f t/s. Determine the pressure in the pipe if viscous eects are negligible. 3.68 Water ows steadily through the variable area pipe shown in Fig. 1 with negligible viscous eects. Determine the manometer reading, H, if the owrate is 0.5 m3 /sand the density of the manometer uid is 600 kg/m3 .

Figure 1: A variable area pipe.

3.75 Air ows through the device shown in Fig. 2. If the owrate is large enough, the pressure within the constriction will be low enough to draw the water up into the tube. Determine the owrate, Q, and the pressure needed at section (1) to draw the water into section (2). Neglect compressibility and viscous eects. 1

Figure 2: A water pump.

3.98 When the drain plug is pulled, water ows from a hole in the bottom of a large, open cylindrical tank. Show that if viscous eects are negligible and if the ow is assumed to be quasi-steady, then it takes 3.41 times longer to empty the entire tank than if does to empty the rst half of the tank. Explain why this is so. 3.112 Water ows down the sloping ramp shown in Fig. 3 with negligible viscous eects. The ow is uniform at section (1) and (2). For the conditions given show that three solutions for the downstream depth, h2 , are obtained by use of the Bernoulli and continuity equations. However, show that only two of these solutions are realistic. Determine these values.

Figure 3: A water ow over the sloping ramp.

4.10 The velocity eld of a ow is given by u = V0 y/ x2 + y 2 and v = V0 x/ x2 + y 2 , where V0 is a constant. Where in the ow eld is the speed equal to V0 ? Determine the equation of the streamlines and discuss the various characteristics of this ow. 4.67 Air enters an elbow with a uniform speed of 10 m/s as shown in Fig. 4. At the exit of the elbow, the velocity prole is not uniform. In fact, there is a region of separation or reverse ow. The xed control volume ABCD coincides with the system at time t = 0. Make a sketch to indicate (a) the system at time t = 0.01 s and (b) the uid that has entered and exited the control volume in that time period. 2

Figure 4: An elbow pipe

4.69 Water ows in the braching pipe shown in Fig. 5 with uniform velocity at each inlet and outlet. The xed control volume indicated coincides with the system at time t = 20 s. Make a sketch to indicate (a) the boundary of the system at time t = 20.1 s, (b) the uid that left the control volume during that 0.1 s interval, and (c) the uid that entered the control volume during that time interval.

Figure 5: A Y-type pipe

4.73 The wind blows across a eld with an approximate velocity prole as shown in Fig. 6. Use Eq. 4.16 with the parameter b equals to the velocity to determine the momentum owrate across the vertical surface A B , which is of unit depth into the paper.

Figure 6: A velocity prole of the wind