FORMULA SHEET FOR PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF LIQUIDS

W k S
B
ln =

=
=

=
levels
1
2 1 0
!
!... ! !
!
i
i
n
N
n n n
N
W

|
|

\
|

T k
E
n
B
i
i
exp


( )

=
|
|

\
|
=
states states
exp exp
i
i
i B
i
E
T k
E
Q

! N
q
Q
N
=

3
2 3
2
2

= |

\
|
=
V
q V
h
T k m
q
T B T


( )
2 1
2 T k m
h
B

=


( )
r
e z z
r
q q
r u
0
2
2 1
0
2 1
c c
4 4
= =
L
( )
2
0
d c
4
cos
,
r
q
r u

=
L
( )
( )
3
0
2 1 2 1 2 1
2 1 d d
4
cos sin sin cos cos 2
, , ,
r
r u

=
L
( )
( )
4
2
0
2
0
id c
4 2 r
q
r u

=
L
( )
( )
( )
6
2
0
2 2
0
id d
4 2
cos 3 1
,
r
r u

+
=
L
( )
( )
4
2
0
2 2
d c
4 3
1
r
q
T k
r u
B

=
L
( )
( )
6
2
0
2
2
2
1
d d
4 3
2
r T k
r u
B


=
L
( )
( )
6
2
0
2
1 02
2
2 01
id d
4 r
r u

+
=
L
( )
( ) ( )
6
2
0
02 01
2 1
2 1
disp
4 2
3
r I I
I I
r u

+
=

T k
N N
T k
N M
B
A A
B
A
r
r
0
2
0
0
2
0
0
9 3 3 3 2
1

+ =
|
|

\
|
+ =
|
|

\
|
|
|

\
|
+

0
3

A
m
N
P =

( )
(
(

\
|

\
|
=
6 12
J - L
4
r r
r u

CONSTANTS, CONVERSION FACTORS AND MATHEMATICAL DATA

N
A
= 6.022 10
23
mol
1
R = k
B
N
A

R = 8.314 J K
1
mol
1
E (in J) = h c
k
B
= 1.381 10
23
J K
1

h = 6.626 10
34
J s 1 m = 10 dm = 100 cm
c = 2.998 10
8
m s
1
1 = 10
10
m

0
=

8.854 10
12
C
2
J
1
m
1
1 J = 1 kg m
2
s
2

e = 1.602 10
19
C 1 D = 3.336 10
30
C m

= 3.14159


K + + + =

2
1
1
1
x x
x

K + =
+
2
1
1
1
x x
x