Handbook of Optical Holography

H. J. CAULFIELD
Aerodyne Research, Inc. Bedford, Massachusetts

ACADEMIC PRESS, INC.

Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers San Diego New York Berkeley Boston London Sydney Tokyo Toronto

Contents

List of Contributors Preface

xi xiii

Introduction/E. N. Leith
References

1
11

Background
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 INTEGRAL TRANSFORMS/Ka/yan Dutta References INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTI0N/6r/an J. Thompson References PARTIALLY COHERENT UGHT/Brian J. Thompson IMAGE EVALUATION/F. T. S. Yu/Anthony Tai References COMMUNICATION THEORY/Jofrn B. DeVelis/George O. Reynolds References SILVER HALIDE PHOTOGRAPHY/Pau/ L. Bachman References 13 26 29 41 43 51 68 69 86 89 125

2.6

Classification of Holograms/ W. Thomas Cathey

3.1 3.2 3.3 INTRODUCTION RECORDING MEDIA AND USE OBJECT-WAVE PARAMETERS RECORDED 127 128 129
VII

Contents
3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 THE MODULATED PARAMETER CONFIGURATION SOURCE PROPERTIES DESCRIPTION OF A HOLOGRAM References 130 132 135 138 138

Major Hologram Types

4.1 4.2 4.3 FRESNEL HOLOGRAPHY/Joftn B. DeVelis/George O. Reynolds References FRAUNHOFER HOLOGRAMS/n'an J. Thompson References FOURIER HOLOGRAPHY/Henr/ H. ArsenaultiGilbert April References 139 154 157 163 165 180

Variations
5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 REFLECTION HOLOGRAMS/H. J. Caulfield References MULTIPLEXED HOLOGRAMS/W. Thomas Cathey References COLOR HOLOGRAMS/W. Thomas Cathey References POLARIZATION HOLOGRAMS/W. Thomas Cathey References SYNTHETIC HOLOGRAMS/H. J. Caulfield References LOCAL REFERENCE BEAM HOLOGRAMS/W. Thomas Cathey References 181 189 191 197 199 204 205 208 209 217 219 224

Image Formation/jur/s upafn/e/cs

6.1 6.2 6.3 IMAGE FORMATION WITH COHERENT LIGHT IMAGE FORMATION WITH SEMICOHERENT LIGHT ESTIMATION OF IMAGE BRIGHTNESS References 225 232 235 237

Cardinal Points and Principal Rays for

H o l O g r a p h y / t f e n n H. Arsenault
7.1 7.2
VIII

INTRODUCTION THE HOLOGRAPHIC RAY-TRACING EQUATIONS

239 240

Contents 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 THE PRINCIPAL POINTS OF HOLOGRAMS THE CARDINAL POINTS OF HOLOGRAMS THE CONJUGATE EQUATIONS APPLICATION TO HOLOGRAM TYPES References 241 246 250 253 255

Equipment and Procedures

8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 SOLID STATE LASERS/Wa/fer Koechner References GAS LASERS/W. Balasubramanian References RECORDING MEDIA/James W. Gladden/Robert D. Leighty References HOLOGRAPHIC SYSTEMS/floberf L. Kurtz/Hua-Kuang Liul Robert B. Owen References 257 267 269 276 277 296 299 346

Special Problems
9.1 9.2 9.3 PHOTOGRAPHIC HANDLING/SfepAien A. Benton References SPECKLE/H. J. Caulfield References HOLOGRAM COPYING/W/7//'am T. Rhodes 349 365 367 371 373

10 Application Areas
10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 DIGITAL DATA STORAGE/T/?omas K. Gaylord References TWO-DIMENSIONAL DISPLAYS/Surfon R. Clay References THREE-DIMENSIONAL DISPLAY/Maff Lehmann References HOLOGRAPHIC INTERFEROMETRY/Gera/d B. Brandt References PATTERN AMD CHARACTER RECOGNITION/Daw'd Casasent References IMAGE PROCESSING/S/ng H. Lee References MICROSCOPY/Mary E. Cox References OPTICALLY RECORDED HOLOGRAPHIC OPTICAL ELEMENTS/Dona/d H. Close References 379 412 415 444 447 462 463 501 503 536 537 559 561 572 573 585
IX

Contents 10.9 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 SPECTROSCOPY/H. J. Caulfield References HOLOGRAPHIC CONTOURING METHODSA7. R. Varner References MULTIPLE IMAGE GENERATION/H. J. Caulfield References PARTICLE SIZE MEASUREMENTS/r/an J. Thompson References HOLOGRAPHIC PORTRAITURE/Wa/fer Koechner References PHOTOGRAMMETRY//V. Balasubramanlan References 587 594 595 600 601 607 609 611 613 619 621 632

Index

633