1 1.

nghUs; mwpe;J nghUj;Jjy;

moy; mkh; mOf;fk; muk;ik mis mz;b mk;gp ms;sy; mw;whh; mjh; mapy; mq;fz; mLf;fk; myfpyh msF muk;itah; mltp miuad; mw;wk; mzpj;jha; msU muh my; my;F mkyd; mjpu miwe;j mUe;jpatd; mQ;Rfk; murk; mhpay; mq;if mzy; milf;fha; ml;rk; ml;rp mt;tJ mq;fzh; mtpapDk; mis mrdk;; mRk;gpa mly; mj;jk;

- neUg;G - tpUg;gk; - ftiy - thio - Gw;W>tis - neUq;fp - glF - NrW - twpath; - top - Nty; - mofpa ,lk; - Nrhiy - mstw;w - Nfhop - Njt kfsph; - fhL - murd; - KbT> mopT - mUfpy; - NrW - ghk;G - ,Us;> ,uT - ,uT - Fw;wkw;wtd; - eLq;Fk;gb - nrhd;d - md;Gilatd; - fpsp - ghk;G - Njd; - cs;sq;if - fOj;J - ghf;F - fz;

- mt;thW - ,iwtd; - ,we;jhYk;;; - Nkhh; - czT - mirfpd;w - typik - fhL

2 mrthik mis , mfit mapy; mlh; mLk; myif mhp Md; MhpUs; Muk; MFyk; Mw;Wzh Mop> - jsuhik - fye;J - taJ - $h;ik> Nty; - G+tpjo; - nfhy;Yk; - Nga; - new; fjph; - gR - eufk; - re;jdk;> khiy - tPz; Muthuk; - fl;Lr;NrhW - fly;>Nkhjpuk;> rf;fuk; Mh;fyp Mak; Mrtk; Md;w MF Miu Mfk; Mgk; Myp Mh;j;J Mfbak; Muzk; MFMW Mshp - fly; - Njhopah; $l;lk; - Njd; - epiwe;j - vyp - Nfhl;il kjpy; - cly; - ePh; - kioj;Jsp - toq;fp - Vsdk; - Ntjk; - NrUk; top - rpq;fk;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;;;;;; Mh;g;g Moy; Mlfk; Muzpak; Mu Mh;g;g ,ir ,if ,e;J ,Wk;G+J ,Us; ,Uepjp ,lq;fh; ,Of;fk; ,e;jdk; ,Uepyk; - xypg;g - fiuahd; - nghd; - fhL - kpFjp - xypg;g - Gfo; - gif>Nghh; - epyT - tpag;G - gif - kpFe;j epjp - Kjiy - xOf;fkpd;ik - tpwF - nghpaepyk;

3 ,Uepwk; ,d;dk; ,z nuhp ,Uk; nghiw ,bj;jy; ,Wk;G ,Lk;ig ,d;dhh; ,lh; ,UePh; ,Wtiu ,utp ,k;kb ,uzpak;;;; Ntwy; ,fyd; - mfd;w neQ;R - tWik - gyRlh; neUg;G - ngUk; nghWik - fbe;Jiuj;jy; - Gjh; - Jd;gk; - gifth; - ,d;dy; - nghpa fly; - KbT fhyk; - #hpad; - ahid - nghd; - kwjp - giftd;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; ,Uk;ig ,ilay; ,fdp <fk; <Dk; <if <uk; ciwtJ ca;f;Fk; cuk; cuyb cF cOit cWfz; cfph; ck;gy; cy;F nghUs; - ghk;G - Jfpy;> Mil - ntw;wpiy - re;jdkuk; - jUk; - nghd; - md;G - elf;fpd;wJ - Nrh;f;Fk; - jpz;zpa mwpT - ahid - nrhhpe;j - Gyp - Jd;gk; - efk;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; - ahid - thpahf tUk; nghUs; cthp cUk; cjfk; cd;Ndy; cd; Nth;g;gh; - fly; - ,b - ePh;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; - epidf;fhNj - kdjpy; kiwj;J itj;jpUg;gth; cio cs;spaJ cufk; cl;Fjy; Cjpak; - ngz;khd; - fUjpaJ - ghk;G> gzp - mQ;Rjy; - gad;

4 Cd;Wk; Cq;F cj;jp ctzp cspak; cop cwo;T cd;dp coe;jhd; cWfz; cQ;R cuNthh; ctg;g cs;Sth; cs;syh; cLf;fs; cg;gf;fk; cthp clw;Wk; ciyT cW Ch;G vw;wh vy; vapW vy;yp vs;Sth;; vz; nghUs; vapdh; vspik vUj;jk; vopyp vWk;gp vF Vjk; Vjpyhh; Vkuh Vh; Vtk; Vkhg;G Vkk; VW Vj;Jk; Vly; Vdk; Vf;fw;Wk; - jhq;Fk; - kpFjp - fly; - ths; - fub - ,lk; - gif - epidj;J - tUe;jpdhd; - Jd;gk; - ca;e;J - kd typik cs;Nshh; - kfpOk;gb - epidg;gth; - gifth; - tpz;kPd;fs; - KJF gf;fk; - fly; - tUe;Jk; - jsh;r;rp - kpFjp - fpsh;e;J - ePq;fhj - #hpad; - gy; - QhapW - ,fo;th; - vspa nghUs; - Ntlh; - tWik - gplhp - Nkfk; - ahid - cWjpahd - NfL - mayhh; - ghJfhg;G ,y;yhj - moF - Fw;wk; - ghJfhg;G - nghd; - Mz;rpq;fk;;;;;;;;;;;;; - tzq;Fk; - fUj;J - gd;wp - gzpe;J epd;Wk;

5 Vlyh; Iia xfuk; xLf;fk; xy;iy xy;Y Nkh xUTf xz;ik xy;fhh; xs;spahh; xy;yhNt xUf;fk; - ,jo; kyh;e;j - jha; - kapy; - KbT - tpiuT - jFkh - ePf;Ff - Gfo; - tpyfkhl;lhh; - mwpTilahh; - ,ayhNt - mlq;fpapUg;gJ KbT xz; jhiu xz; nghUs; xz;ld; xl;gk; xw;fk; xuhy; - xsp kpfe;j khiy - rpwe;j nghUs; - ehp - mwpTilik - jsh;r;rp - ePq;Fjy;> jtph;j;jy; xl;lhh; xy;Yk; tha; xUte;jk; fy; fbJ foWk; fspW fQ;rk; fL ftp fak; fr;rfk; fyp flW fil frL fq;fk; fq;Fyp fWg;G fb fzpr;rp fs;tp fypq;fk; fthp fdyp fz;Nzhl;lk; - gifth; - ,ad;w top - epiy ntw;w - kiy - tpiuthf - NgRk; - Mz;ahiz - jhkiu - tp\k; - Fuq;F - Fsk; - Fuq;F - Jd;gk;;;;;;;;;;; - fhL - Fw;wk; - Fw;wk; - fOF - ,uT - rpdk; - tpsf;fk;;;; - kO MAjk; - jpUb - Mil - rhkuk; - QhapW - ,uf;fk; nfhs;Sjy;

6 fjo;T fdfk; ftwy; fsh; - rpdk; - jq;fk; - kdq;fyq;Fjy; - gaphpl Kbahj epyk; fKtha; fyk; fjp flg;ghL - ghpfhuk; - Flk; - Jiz - xg;GuT (cyfk; mwpe;J elj;jy;) flfhp fdyp fop fsp fhzp fhrpdp fhuhsh; fh - kjahiz - QhapW - ePf;F> kpFjp - kfpo;T Muthuk; - chpik - epyk; - coth; - fhL>Nrhiy> njhdT fhg;ghw;W fhh; fhJ fhd; fha;e;jhh; fhl;rpath; fho;g;g fhkk; fhzk; fps;is fpoik fpof;F Mk; fpis fpof;fhe; jiy fpuzk; fPz;L FRkk; FUepwk; - Nkfk;> fUik - nrhy;Yjy; - fhL - ePf;fpdhh; - mwpTs;sth; - kpFjpahf - md;G > Mir - fhR>nghd; - fpsp - chpik - fPNo tpOk; - Rw;wk; - jiy fPo; - fly; - gpse;J - G+ - xspnghUe;jpa epwk; Futh; Fwit Fdpj;j Fit FWfpdd; Flk; Fe;jk; Fstp Fhprpy;; - nghpNahh; - xUtif kPd; - tise;j - Ftpay; - te;Js;shd; - ngl;b - Fjpiu - tz;L - jiytd;

7 FU FQ;rp Fwq;F Fwth; Fwis Fuk;ig FUF Fypfk; Fyp Fio Fspfk; $w;W $iw $ty; $yk; $z;l $sp $k;Gk; Nfsph; Nfzp Nfoy; Nfrhp Nfz;ik Nfopyhd; nfhz;ly; nfhLthp nfhd;iw nfhz;ly; nfhd;Nd nfhis nfhf;F Nfhbfk; NfhL - nghpa - jiyKb - njhil(Jil) - ngw;Nwhh; - Gwk; NgRjy; - Fbir - ehiu - rptg;G - kidtp - Fz;lyk; - kUe;J - vkd; - Gjpa Mil - fpzW - jhdpak; - Nrh;e;j - Nga; - tha;g;gw;w - Rw;wk; - fpzW - gd;wp - rpq;fk; - el;G - xg;gpyhjtd; - Nkfk;;; - Gyp - Nkfk; - fhh;Nkfk; - tPzhf - gad; - Fjpiu - Mil - kiyAr;rp>fpis>je;j k;>nfhk;G Nfhwy; Nfhij Nfh Nfhzk; Nfhil Nfhiy Nfhop Nfhsp - nfhy;Yjy; - khiy - Nte;jd;> Mfhak; - Fjpiu - Fjpiu - kpsF - tpl;by; - G+thJ-kuk; fha;f;Fk; (kuk;My;) ifkh Qkyp - ahid - eha;

8 Qhy; rbyk; re;jk; rk;G ryhk; ryth; ryk; ryjp re;J re;jp rujk; rhy;G - njhq;Fjy; - Fjpiu - mofpa - ehty; - tzf;fk; - tQ;rfh; - tQ;riz - fly; - re;jdk; - %q;fpy; - tha;ik - rhd;whz;ik>ngUik >jFjp rhfhL rhh;q;fk;; rpyk;G rpiw rpiy rpfhp rptpif rpjh; rpiu rP rPh;j;jJ rPak; - tz;b - tpy; - kiy - ,wF - tpy;>mk;G - kiy - gy;yf;F - fe;ijj;Jzp - ePf;F - xsp - rpwe;jJ - rpq;fk;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Rz;b Rtb Rfk; RUk;G Rkf;f Rl;b Ruk; - tw;wp - E}y; - fpsp - tz;L - gzpf - new;wp - top>ghiy>epyk;> xyp Rue;J #op #fk; nrWeh; nrU nrUf;F nrk;nghUs; nrw;wk; nry; nrw;whh; Nrb nrwpT - kpFe;J - cr;rp - jhkiu - gifth; - Nghh; - ,Wkhg;G - mwnewp - rpdk;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; - Nkfk; - gifth; - Njhop - neUf;fk;

9 nrtpyp nrt;tp nrk;khe;J nra; Nrh;e;jhiuf; nf];yp Nrhiz Nrhfhg;ghh; Nrhkd; juhjpgd; jifik jif juq;fk; jlk; - fhh;Nkfk; - tUe;Jth; - re;jpud; - kd;dd; - jd;ik - gz;G - miy - ePh;epiy> jlhfk;>kiy jj;ij jle;Njhs; jfh; jz;zpj;jha; - fpsp - typa Njhs ; - Ml;Lf; fplha; - Fsph;r;rp nghUe;jpa jg;Ge jfT jiyf; $b jz;liy jUf;fs; jhp joP,a jkh; jzg;gh; jhiu jhs; jhJ jhh; jhkk; jpfphp jpiuay; jpiu jpz;zpa jpus; jputpak; jplk; jpaq;fp jpz;zpah; jpiw jpz;jpwy; jpz;ik - jtWtd - ed;dlj;ij - xd;W Nrh;e;J - Nrhiy - kuq;fs; - mzpe;J nfhs; - fye;j> el;ghf;f - cwtpdh; - ePf;Fth; - top - Kaw;rp - kfue;jk; - khiy - khiy - Mizr ;rf;fuk; - ntw;wpiyr; RUs; - miy - cWjpahd - $l;lk; - nry;tk; - cWjp - kaq;fp - cWjp cs;sth; - thp - cWjpahd typik - typik - tsh;g;Gj;jha; - fhyk; - ngUkpjj;Jld; - tay; - neUg;G

10 jpd;ik jpUKfk; jP njg;gk; njhprdk; njz;ldpL njUSk; njW njw;wp njz;biu Njhw;whjhh; Njak;; Jdp J}q;fpa J}W Jz;G Jsq;fhJ Jsf;fp Juq;fk; Jfpy; Jfph; Jb Jz;lk; Jyf;fk; Jiy Jb Jg;G JuT Jg;ghh; Jt;thJ J}f;fhj J}tp ij njhdp njhK efk; ed;wp eFjy; eadk; ey;iy eiw ee;E}y; ewtk; ez;ZtJ eliy ead; - jPik - fbjk; - xsp - mwpT - fhl;rp - tzq;F - njsptpy;yhj - gif - jpz;iz - njspe;j miy - mwpahjhh; - ehL> Njrk; - Nfhgk; - njhq;fpa - Gjh; - Jd;gk; - mQ;rhky; - jiyairj;J - Fjpiu - Mil - gtsk; - giw - Kfk; - tpsf;fk; - Jyhf;Nfhy;;;;;;;;; - cLf;if - czT - fpzW - typik nghUe;jpa - EfuhJ - Muhahj - ,wF - myq;fhp - Xir - cyfk;;;;;;; - kiy - ed;ik>mwk; - rphpj;jy; - fz; - ed;whf ,Ug;gha; - third>Njd; - ekJ E}y; - Njd; - neUq;FtJ - tQrid>Jd;gk; - ePjp

11 ef;fuk; ekd; ey;FuT efy;ty;yhh; eLtd; ePy; ehtyd; ehepyk; ehsp Nfuk; ehtha; ehhp ehkePh; ehQ;rpy; ehzk; epuy; epUj;jk; epj;jpyk; epzk; ePkk; ePj;jk; ePh;ik ePuth; Ejy; epiw epiw Nfhy; Neuyd; Ezq;fpa Ez;nghUs; Nrh;e;jhh; Nehnehe;J neha;ik Njhd;wy; Ezy; guj;jy; ghp gDty; gfL gJkk; glh; gLghf;F giz guhtp gd;dfk; gil gz;b guit - Kjiy - vkd; - tWik - rphpj;J kfpo;thh; - vkd; - ePy epwk; - Gytd; - G+kp - njd;id - fg;gy;>glF - ngz; - fly; ePh; - fyg;ig - GDF - thpir - eldk; - Kj;J - nfhOg;G - xsp - nts;sk; - ,ay;G - mwpTs;sth; - new;wp - xOf;fk; - Jyhf; Nfhy; - giftd; - El;gkhfpa - mhpa nghUs; - ,ire;jhh; - Jd;gj;jpy; tUe;jp - nkd;ik - nghWj;jy; - jtis - tpahkpj;jy; - Fjpiu - fy;tp - ahid> vUJ - jhkiu - Jd;gk; - cz;lhtij - %q;fpy; - tzq;fp - ghk;G - MAjk; - tapW - fly;

12 godk; gq;fak; gtpj;jpuk; gl;L gfuh ghpjp gy;ytk; ge;jdk; gpb ghh;g;G igAs; ghop ghe;js; ghlwpthh; - tay; - jhkiu - J}a;ikahdJ - ew;Fzk; - nfhLj;J - #hpad; - jsph; - Mir - ngz;ahid - gwitf; FQ;R - tUj;;jk; - rpWFsk;>typik - ghk;G - newpAilath;;;;;;;;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;;;;;;;; gd;dth; nghJk;gh; gpsp gpzT gpyT Gsfpjk; Gzhp Gay; Gyk; Gutyh; Gjpatd; Gy;ypah; Gy;tha; Gak; Ge;jp Gy;yhh; Gue;jpud; Gdy; Giu GwT Giz Gs; Gj;Njs; cyF Gwk; Ntwhh; Gy;y gpe;ij Ngij G+l;if G+jyk; G+o; - Njth; - Nrhiy (nghJk;G) - fs; - ngz; - Fif - kfpo;r;rp - fly; - Nkfk;> kio - Gyik>mwpT - ts;sy; - ,iwtd; - mwpT ,y;yhjth; - fiykhd; - Njhs; - mwpT - gw;whh; - ,e;jpud; - kioePh; - Fw;wk; - Gwh - njg;gk; - md;dk; - NjtUyfk; - ntspf;fhl;l khl;lhj - jOt - kapy; - gR - Fwpf;Nfhs; - cyF - fhil

13 G+fk; G+juk; G+hpahh; G+jp G+ry; gPio gpUFb nghd;Wk; nghyk; nghjp nghjph; nghs;nsd nghUjfh; nghUg;G nghyp nghyk; NghfhW nghJk;gh; nghjp myh; nghj;ij kb kW kU kjfhp - fKfk; - kiy - ,ope;jhh; - jpUePW - gifik - Jd;gk; - GUtk; - mopAk; - moF - Kbg;G - jpul;rp - clNd - Ml;Lf;flh - kiy - mofpa - nghd; - NghFk; top - Nrhiy - kzKs;s kyh; - fly; - Nrhk;gy; - Fw;wk; - kzk; - kjk; nghUe;jpa ahid klq;fy; kJfuk; kL kwyp klthh; - rpq;fk; - NjdP - Mokhd ePh;epiy - vkd; - kfsph;> mtpwpypfs; kUTf - tpUk;gp Vw;Wf; nfhs;f kahp ky;yy; klehF ko tpil kJ kWF kUq;F ko ky;fp kiw kQ;iQ kUg;G kjpak; - kaf;fk; - tsg;gk;; - ,isagR - ,sq;fhis - Njd; - mur tPjp - ,il>,Lg;G> gf;fk; - ,sik - ngUfp - Ntjk; - kapy; - je;jk; - epyT

14 kiu kq;Fy; kwp kjiy khfthd; khjpuk; kzf;$yp ky;fp kdd; ke;j khUj rPjk; kNfhjjp kLj;jy; kh khL khfthd; khz;Nlhh; - khd; - Nkfk; - khd; Fl;b - Jiz - tpz; Nkfk; - kiy - tujl;rpiz - ngUfp - mfq;fhuk; - njd;wy; - fly; - gUFjy;> cz;;;Zjy; - tpyq;F>Fjpiu - cl;Rw;W kjpy; - tpz;Nkfk; - khz;Gila rhd;Nwhh; khjth; khYfk; khjpuk; khjq;fk; kho;Fk; kpbik kpir kplW kP Ke;ePh; KdpT KLfpdhd; Kfpy; KoT Kshp Kjpiu Kio KLf;fh; Kz;lfk; Nkop Nkjp nkha; nkha;k;G Nkhyp ahzh; tir takh ts; tdg;G - Kdpth; - Ntk;G - kiy - ahid - mopf;Fk; - tWik - Nky;>kPJ - fOj;J - NkNy - fly; - ntWg;G - nrYj;jpdhd; - Nkfk; - kj;jsk; - jhkiu - xUtif kuk; - Fif - njUr; re;J - jhkiu - Vh;>fyg;ig - vUik - typik typik - Kb - GJ tUtha; - gop>Fw;wk; - Fjpiu - neUf;fk; - moF

15 ts;Sfph; tiu tz;gad; tz;ik - $h;ikahd efk; - kiy> %q;fpy; - tskhd tpisr;ry; - <if> tsg;gk;>typik>Gf o; ty;rp tyk; taq;fpa tw;wy; kuk; ty;iy tL tO te;jpj;J tsp tl;L tq;fk; thtp thiy thark; thuzk; thW ths; thDyfk; thl;lhd; thhp thYfk; thdk; tp tpgQ;rp tpOg;gk; tpOkk; tpRk;G tpsk;gy; tpwy; tpiu tpz; tpuhtp tpUe;J xuhy; tpGjh; tpwg;G tpRk;G tpz; tPe;jhd; tPbdJ tPW - czT - new;wp - tpsq;fpa - gl;Lg; Nghd kuk; - ty;ytd; > tpiutpy; - jOk;G - Fw;wk; - tzq;fp - fhw;W - #jhL fUtp - kuf;fyk; - Fsk;> ngha;if - ,sik - fhf;if - fly;>ahid - typik - xsp - Njt Uyfk; - tUj;jkhl;lhd; - fly; - ntz;kzy; - Nkfk; - thdk; - tPiz - rpwg;G - Jd;gk; - thdk; - $Wjy; - typik - kzk; - Nkfk; - fye;J - tpUe;jpdiu ,fo;jy; - Gyth; - mr;rk; - Nkfk; - kio - ,we;jhd; - mope;jJ - xsp>ngUik>

16 rpwg;G tPw;wpUf;if ntw;G ntspy; ntd;wp ntFsy; ntQ;Rlh; Ntuy; Ntl;L Ntiy Ntok; Ntq;if Ntzp Nta; Ntshz;ik itfy; itak; ntsTjy; - murpUf;if - kiy - mzpy; - ntw;wp - rpdj;jy; - #hpad; - %q;fpy; - tpUk;gp - fly; - fUk;G>ahid - Gyp - nrQ;ril - %q;fpy; - cjtp nra;jy; - ehs; - cyF - fth;jy;

17

1. vjph;r; nrhy; jUf mfL mtyk; me;jk; mUik mhpa mUF my; mz;ik mfe;J}a;ik myh;jy; mopT mz;ik my;Yk; mw;w Fsk; mb mikjp mQ;rhik Mf;fk; M^c Mir ,d;gk; ,y;yd ,Lf;fz; ,k;ik ,fo;jy; ,uj;jy; ,Uk;ig ,sik ,d;nrhy; ,dpaJ x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x KfL ,d;gk; Mjp vspik vspa ngUF gfy; njhiyT Gwe;J}a;ik Ftpjy; Mf;fk; njhiyT gfYk; mwhj Fsk; Kb Fog;gk; mQ;Rjy; NfL fh^c epuhir Jd;gk; cs;sd ,d;gk; kWik Gfo;jo; <jy; ,d;gk; KJik td;nrhy; ,d;dhjJ

18 ,ir ,zq;F ,Wkhg;G ,fo; ,opT ,Us; ,uT ,Uepyk; ,Wkhg;G ,og;G ,oe;jik ,d;dhh; ,aYk; <jy; cah;T ctif cah;e;jhd; cz;ik cwT ciog;G cz;ik chpik cj;jkh; cld;ghL cUtk; ctj;jy; Cly; vl;lh vjph;j;jhh; vOe;jhd; vOr;rp Vw;wk; xw;Wik xsp Xa;T xd;W Xq;fpa xd;Wf fdpT fUik fspg;G fhg;ghw;W Fzk; fyf;fk; fhdy; fdp x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x tir gpzq;F gzpT Gfo; cah;T xsp gfy; rpWepyk; gzpT Mjhak; ngw;wik ,dpahh; ,ayhJ Vw;wy; jho;T mOif jho;e;jhd; ngha; gif Xa;T ngha;ik mbik mjkh; khWghL mUtk; fha;jy; $ly; vl;ba tuNtw;whh; mkh;e;jhd;>tpOe;jhd; tPo;r;rp ,wf;fk; Ntw;Wik ,Us; ciog;G gy jho;e;j tpyFf ntWg;G ntz;ik Jauk; iftpL Fw;wk; njspT Nrhiy fha;

19 Nfz;ik nfhLik Fop $ly; Nfhyk; FO Nfhio rhd;Nwhd; nryT RWRWg;G Nra;ik rpWik nrk;ik rhuk; nrq;Nfhy; nry;tk; jz;ik jz;zPh; njhiyT JzpT Njhw;wk; jhoe;jJ J}q;Ff J}q;fp Jsq;fp johy; njhFg;G njspT jiy jpz;kk; Njwpdhh; njhd;ik jtk; jOT jf;f jkh; jhq;F ed;ik ey;tpid eQ;R ey;yhh; ey;y ey;top ehw;wk; ey;Y}o; ePz;l x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x gifik nrk;ik NkL gphpjy; myq;Nfhyk; jdp tPud; %ld; tuT Nrhk;gy;>kb mz;ik ngUik fUik rf;if nfhLq;Nfhy; kpb ntk;ik nte;ePh; mUF jaf;fk; kiwT epd;wJ J}q;fw;f J}q;fhJ Jsq;fhJ jOtptho;jy; gFg;G kaf;fk; fil ePh;kk; jtwpdhh; GJik mtk; js;S jfhjd gpwh tpL jPik jPtpid mkph;jk; nghy;yhh; my;yhh; jPa my;top Jhehw;wk; jPA+o; FWfpa

20 neLe;njhif Nehjy; Neak; epidT gl;lwpT gy giftd; gok; gw;gy gop ghiy GJik ngUfp ngUe;njhif nghwhik iga G+ry; ngUf;fp gw;gy nghWik Nghw;wp kyh;e;j kfpo;jy; kUTf kiwjy; kd;dpg;G kyh;e;J kyh;jy; kq;Fjy; kUs; Nkij KbT nkd;ik %o;Fjy; KJfiy %Njtp kpFjp te;jhd; tyk; tOj;jy; tWik tsh;r;rp tho;j;J tho;T tho;jy; tha;ik x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x FWe;njhif jzpjy; gif kwjp E}ywpT rpy ez;gd; fha; rpw;rpy Gfo; Nrhiy goik mUfp>RUq;fp FWe;njhif mOf;fhwpd;ik tpiue;J el;G RUf;fp rpw;rpy rpWik J}w;wp Ftpe;j Jd;GWjy; xUTf Njhd;wy; jz;lid>xWg;G $k;gp $k;Gjy; xsph;jy; njUs; Ngij njhlf;fk; td;ik kpjj;jy; ,sq;fiy rPNjtp FiwT te;jpyd; ,lk; ,fo;jy; tsik Njf;fk; tPo;j;J jho;T mtpjy; ngha;ik

21 NtWghL tpUg;G tpio itjy; tphpe;J ntw;wp x x x x x x xUikg;ghL ntWg;G ntW Gfo;jy; Ftpe;J Njhy;tp

6.nghUe;jhr; nrhy;iyf; fz;lwpf 1 A.tQ;rp B.Ky;iy C.kUjk; D.nea;jy; tpil A. tQ;rp 2 A.fue;ij B.FwpQ;rp C.Ky;iy D.kUjk;

tpil A. fue;ij (fue;ij kl;Lk; Gwj;jpiz) 3 A.itfiw B.Nkfk; C.ez;gfy; D.khiy tpil B. Nkfk; 4 A.fjputd; B.re;jpud; C.#hpad; D.Mhpad;

tpil D. Mhpad;; (Mhpad; kl;LNk Nfhs; my;y) 5 A.ehybahh; B.fhhpahrd; C.jpUf;Fws; tpil B. fhhpahrd; 6 A.Mrphpag;gh B.,uq;fw;gh C.fypg;gh D.tQ;rpg;gh D.gonkhop

tpil B. ,uq;fw;gh (ghtif my;y) 7 A.rpq;fk; B.Gyp C.ehp D.gR tpil D. gR 8 A.ghhp B.Nfhg;ngUQ;Nrhod; C.fgpyh D.xsitahh;

tpil D. xsitahh; (ngz; Gyth;) 9 A.fUj;J B.gjTiu C.tpsf;fk; D.tpdh tpil D. tpdh 10 A.fub B.rpq;fk; C.Gyp D.Kjiy tpil D. Kjiy 11 A.Kz;lfk; B.musp C.fspW D.Ky;iy

tpil C. fspW 12 A.jz;zPh; B.ghjurk; C.mkpyk; D.ghy;

tpil B. ghjurk; (cNyhfk;)

22

gpio jpUj;jk; m. re;jpg;gpio ePf;Fjy; ty;ypdk; kpFk; ,lq;fs; 1 ,uz;lhk; Ntw;Wik 4-k; Ntw;Wik cUGthpd; kpFk; (v.L) re;jpuidf; fz;Nld; re;jpud; Ciur; Nrh;e;jhd; mtSf;Ff; nfhL mts; CUf;Fg; Nghdhs; 2 tpidnar;rq;fs; mfu>,fu tpFjp ngw;Wthpd; kpFk; (v.L) Ntytd; gbf;fr; nrd;whd; Fkhh; fhl;bf; nfhLj;jhd; mtd; Njbg; ghh;j;jhd; 3 td; nwhlh;> nkd;nwhlh; Fd;wpa Yfuj;jpd; Kd; kpFk; (v.L) ,jpy; gj;Jf; fhRfs;cs;sd ehd; vl;Lj; Jz;Lfs; thq;fpNdd; ez;Lf; Fok;G md;Gj; njhy;iy

vl;L>gj;J vd;Dk; nrhw;fspd; Kd; kpFk; (v.L) gj;Jf; Fbirfs; vl;Lf; fOijfs; vd vd;Dk; nrhy;ypd; Kd; kpFk; (v.L) vLj;J th ntdf; $wpdhd;

jdpf; Fwpiy mLj;j Kw;wpa Yfuj;.jpd; Kd; kpFk; (v.L) eLf;fhL>GJr;rl;il mg;gb> ,g;gb vd;Dk; nrhw;fspd; Kd; kpFk; (v.L) mg;gbr; nra; vg;gbf; $wpdha;

23 ,g;gbf; fl;L 8 m>,>c vd;Dk; Rl;nlOj;jpd; Kd kpFk; (v.L) mf;fiu>,f;fiu>cg;gf;fk; (KJF gf;fk;) 9 me;j>,e;j>ve;j> vd;w nrhw;fspd; Kd; kpFk; (v.L) me;jf; fpzW> ,e;jf; Fjpiu> ve;jg; igad; 10 jdpf; Fwpiy mLj;j neby; Kd; kpFk; (v.L) tuhf; fld;> Gwhf; $l;lk;> gyhg; gok; 11 <W nfl;l lvjph; kiwg; nga nur;rj;jpd; Kd; kpFk; (v.L) jPuhg; gif> vOjhf; fzf;F> Xahg; Nghh; 12 ,dp>jdp>kw;w>nghJ> eL>jpU. md;wp Mfpa nrhw;fspd; Kd; kpFk; ,dpf; fhz;f> jdpj;jkpo;> kw;wf; Fiwfs;> nghJf; $l;lk;> eLg;gfy;> jpUf;Fws;> md;wpf; fpl;lhJ 13 Mf> Ma;> Ngha; Mfpa nrhw;fspd; Kd; kpFk; (v.L) nrhd;djhff; $wpdhd;> nra;jjha; $W> Ngha;g; ghh;j;jhs; 14 Mwhk; Ntw;Wikj; njhif mwpizapy; kpFk; (v.L) fOijf;fhy;> kuf;fpis 15 l>w ,ul;bj;J tUk; nghOJkpFk; (v.L) gl;Lj; Jzp> tPl;Lf; fzf;F> Mw;Wj; jz;zPh; 16 2-k;>3-k;>4-k;>5-k;>7-k; Ntw;Wik cUGk; gaDk; cld; njhf;f njhifapy; ;kpFk; (v.L) rpw;Wz;br;rhiy> ,Uk;Gj;jb> jiytyp kUe;J.tpopg;Gdy;> kiyg;ghk;G 17 mt;tif> ,t;tif vt;tif vd;Dk; nrhy;ypd; Kd; kpFk; (v.L) mt;tifg; Ngr;R. ,t;tifg; Nghf;F> vt;tiff; fUj;J 18 a;>h;>o; VjhtJ xd;W epiy nkhop <w;wpy; ,Ue;jhy; ty;ypik kpFk; (v.L) gha;f;fl;L>Nghh;j;jpwd;> jkpo;g;gw;W ,jpy;tpjptpyf;F jha; + ghy;=jha; ghy; vd;gJ rhp jha; + nrhy;=jha; nrhy; vd;gJ rhp jha; + jpUehL=jha; jpUehL vd;gJ rhp 19 rhy;>jt vd;Dk; chpr; nrhw;fspd; Kd; kpFk; (v.L) rhyg; ngapd;> jtr;rpwpJ

20

XnuOj;J xU nkhop rpytw;wpd; Kd; kpFk; ij + ghit= ijg;ghit jP + Rlh;;= jPr;Rlh; G+ + $il = G+f;$il

21

caphPw;Wr; nrhw;fspd; Kd; kpFk; (v.L) kiof;fhyk;> gdpj;Jsp

22

,U nga nuhl;Lg; gz;Gj; njhifapy; kpFk; (v.L) md;dg; gwit>rpte;jpg; G+

23

Mz;L> <z;L>ahz;L vd;w nrhw;fspd; Kd; kpFk; (v.L) ahz;Lr; nrd;whd;

24 24 mq;F> ,q;F> vq;F vd;w nrhw;fspd; Kd; kpFk; (v.L) vq;Fr; nrd;whd;

ty;ypdk; kpfhj ,lq;fs; 1. nganur;rj;jpd; Kd; kpfhJ (v.L) gbj;j jiytd; ebj;j jpUld; Gjpa ghid 2. 3 - k; 6-k; Ntw;Wik cUG kpd; kpfhJ (v.L) murNdhL nrd;whd; mtdJ nghUs; re;jpudJ Fby; 3. 2-k; Ntw;Wikj; njhifapy; kpfhJ (v.L) fiu fle;jhd; ehL fle;jhd; 4. Rl;Lg; ngah;fspd; Kd; kpfhJ (v.L) mJ nghpJ> ,J rpwpaJ 5. vl;L> gj;J jtpu kw;w vz;izf; Fwpf;Fk; nrhw;fspd; Kd; kpfhJ xd;W nra;> ,uz;L Fl;bfs;>%d;W Fl;bfs;> ehd;F Fsq;fs;> Ie;J jtisfs;. MW Flq;fs;> VO fly;> xd;gJ fyrk; 6. vd;W - vd;w nrhy;ypd; Kd; kpfhJ (v.L) vd;W ghbdhd; vd;W $wpdhd;. 7. Kw;W tpidfspd; Kd; kpfhJ (v.L) gwe;jd gwitfs; te;jd fOijfs; 8. gytif tpidnar;rq;fspd; Kd; ;kpfhJ (v.L) ele;J ghh;j;jhd;> cz;L Ritj;jhd; fz;L fspj;jhd;> Nrhh;e;J fple;jhd; 9. tpidj; njhifapy; kpfhJ (v.L) MLnfhb> RL Njhir> CWfha; 10 vOtha; ngah; Kd; kpfhJ (v.L)G+kp nropj;jJ Fjpiu fidj;jJ ehL nghypTw;wJ 11 gb vd;Dk; nrhy;ypd; Kd; kfhJ (v.L) nrhd;dgb nra; rllg;gb nfhL $wpa gb nrhy; 12 ck;ikj; njhifapy; kpfhJ (v.L) ,l;lyp rhk;ghh; til fwp nrb nfhb fub rpq;fk; 13 rpwpa> nghpa vd;Dk; nrhw;fspy; Kd; kpfhJ (v.L) rpwpa Jz;L> nghpa fhL>nghpa Njh;

25 14 <W nflhj vjph;kiwg; nga nur;rj;jpd; Kd; kpfhJ (v.L) thlhj gaph;> Mlhj ngz;> rhahj J}z; 15 M>ah>X>tpdh>V> Njw;wg;gphp epiy Kd; kpfhJ (v.L) mtdh Nfl;lhd; ePah nrhd;dha; mtNdh ghh;f;ftpy;iy ntwwpapNah? Njhy;tpNah? ,uhkNd nfhLj;jhd; 16 tpspg; ngah; Kd;dpiy> Vty;> tpid Kw;W Kd; kpfhJ (v.L) KUfh Nfs; Ngh jq;if fle;J nry; eP nra;f 17 tlnkhopr; nrhw;fs; Kd; kpfhJ (v.L) jpd+G+kp = jpd G+kp 18 mitj>,it vd;Dk; Rl;Lg; ngah;fspd; Kd; kpfhJ (v.L) mit gwitfs; ,it Jz;Lfs; 19 tpaq;Nfhas; tpid Kw;W Kd; kpfhJ (v.L) fw;f frlw tho;f gy;yhz;L 20 21 mj;jid>,j;jid>vj;jid vd;Wk; nrhw;fspd; Kd; ;kpfhJ gz;Gj; njhifapy; kpfhJ (v.L) %d;W filfs; 22 Mwhk; Ntw;Wikj; njhifapy; (mwpid jtpu) kpfhJ (v.L)ts;Sth; fUj;J jha; ghy; 23 tpid Kw;Wj; njhlhpy; kpfhJ (v.L) te;jJ Fjpiu gwe;jJ fpsp 24 vJ ahJ vd;Dk; nrhw;fspd; Kd; kpfhJ (v.L) vJ nfhLj;jhd; ahJ nrhd;dhd; ! 25 ,ul;ilf; fpsttpapYk; mLf;Fj; njhlhpYk; kpfhJ (v.L) rs rs ntd;W Ngrpdhdh; ghk!G! ghk;G vd;W fj;jpdhd; 26 27 28 mwpid gd;dk Kd; kpfhJ M>kh>kpah> eP ,tw;wpd; Kd; ;kpfhJ ,ilj; njhlh;>MAjj; njhlh; Fw;wpaYfuq;fspd; Kd; kpfhJ M. xUik gd;ik gpiofs; xUik vOtha; xUik gadpiyAlDk; gd;ik vOtha; gd;ik gadpiyAlDk; tu Ntz;Lk;. (v.L) xUik gd;ik gpioaw;w njhliuf; fhz;f 1 m. Gypfs; te;jd vUJfs; XbaJ M. Gyp te;jJ vUJfs; Xbd ,. Gyp te;jd vUJfs; Xbd

26 <. Gyp te;jJ vUJfs; XbaJ tpil (M) 2 m. Mde;jd; Mil nea;fpd;whd; M. Mde;jd; Mil nea;fpwhd; ,. Mde;jd; Mil nea;fpwJ <. Mde;jd; Mil nea;fpd;wd tpil (M) 3 m. mth; kdk; JaWw;whd; M. mth; kdk; JaWw;wJ ,. mth; kdk; JaWw;whh; <. mth; kdk; JaWw;whd; tpil (,)

kuGg; gpio ePf;Fjy; 1. gid Xiu 2. <r;r Xiy 3. njd;dq; fPw;W 4. gyh ,iy 2. thio ,iy 6. Ntg;ge;jio 7. fKfq; fle;jy; ,sikg; ngah;fs; 1. FUtpf; FQ;R 2. Nfhopf;FQ;R 3. vypf;FQ;R 4. gRq;fd;W 5. ahidf; fd;W 6. khd; fd;W 7. vUikf; fd;W 8. mzpw; gps;is 9. njd;dk; gps;is 10. fPhpg;gps;is 11. Ml;Lf;Fl;b 12. fOijf; Fl;b 13. Fjpiuf; Fl;b 14. G+idf; Fl;b 15. eha;f; Fl;b 16. rpq;ff; FUis 17. Gypg ;gus; jhtuq;fs; 1.ntq;fhaj;jhs; 2. jpidj;jhs; 3. ney; jhs; 4. fk;ge;jl;L 5. Nrhsj;jl;L 6. KUq;iff; fPiu 7. khtpiy 8. khtL 8. mtiug; gpQ;R> 9. thiof; fr;ry; 10. njd;dq; FWkig 11. KUq;ifg; gpQ;R 12. gyh KR 13. fj;jhpg; gpQ;R 14. nfha;ahg;gpQ;R 15. thio ,iy 16. %q;fpy; ,iy 17. nts;shpg; gpQ;R 18. fPiuj; jz;L 19. fhp Ntg;gpiy xypfs; fhfk; - fiuAk; Fapy;- $Tk; kapy; - mfTk; fpsp - nfhQ;Rk;> NgRk; $if (Nfhl;lhd;) - FoWk; rpq;fk; - Koq;Fk; Gyp - cWKk;

27 ehp - CisapLk; thj;J - fj;Jk; tz;L - KuYk;> ,irf;Fk; Fjpiu - fidf;Fk; fOij - fj;Jk; eha; - Fiuf;Fk; gR - fjWk; Me;ij - myWk; fOF - myWk; gd;wp - cWKk; Fuq;F - myg;Gk; vUJ - vf;fhskpLk; fhis - Kf;fhukpLk; G+id- rPWk; ghk;G - rPWk; fub - cWKk; vyp - fphPr;rpf;Fk; Gwh - FDFk; thdk;ghb - ghLk; gy;yp - nrhy;Yk;> fwq;Fk; ,Ug;gplk; Kjypad Nfhopf; $z;L Nfhopg; gz;iz khl;Lj; njhOtk; ahidf; $lk; Ml;Lg; gl;b Fjpiuf; nfhl;by; Ml;Lg; gpOf;if khl;Lr; rhzk; gwit vr;rk; ahid yj;jp njhFg;G vWk;Gr; rhiu Ml;L ke;ij gR epiu ahidf; $l;lk; Rs;spf; fw;iw fw; Ftpay; rhtpf; nfhj;J jpuhl;irf; Fiy itf;Nfhy; Nghh; tpwFr; Rik thj;Jg; gz;iz

nraYf; Nfw;w nrhy; ePh; - mUe;J> Fb

28 kJ - mUe;J jz;zPh; - Fb ghy; - gUF> Fb NrhW - cz; gok; - jpz; KUf;F - jpd; mg;gk; - jpd; ntw;wpiy - jpd; Jzp - nea;J th $iu - Nta;e;J jh fsk; - ntl;L Vh; - cO fy; - cil fha; fwpia - mhp ehh; fpop ,iy gwp fjph; ;mW mk;G va; kuk; ntl;L fpisia xb ntw;wpiy fps;S njhFg;G (njhlh;r;rp) G+Q;Nrhiy G+e; Njhl;lk; thioj; Njhl;lk; ntw;wpiyj; Njhl;lk; Njapiyj; Njhl;lk; fUk;Gj; Njhl;lk; ky;ypifj; Njhl;lk; Ky;iyj; Njhl;lk; kpsfha;j; Njhl;lk; khe; Njhg;G njd;de; Njhg;G Gspae; Njhg;G gyhj; Njhg;G nfha;ahj; Njhg;G

gdq;fhL Ntyq; fhL Myq; fhL Nrhsf; nfhy;iy Nfo;tuff; nfhy;iy ney; tay; nraYf;Nfw;w nrhy; (njhlh;r;rp) re;jdk; - G+R

29 mk;G - va; jhs; - mb ghly; - ,aw;W Njhir - RL tpijia - tpij tpwif - gps Njid - ef;F E}y; - vOJ glk; - tiu ,l;lyp - mtp ciy - it E}iy - gb nghUs; - <l;L Flk; - tid tug;G- fl;L Njhy; - chp NrhW - rik japh; - fil giw - nfhl;L jP - %l;L jhsk; - NghL fapW - jphp ghl;Lg; - ghL tpsf;if - Vw;W Nfhyk;- ,L G+g;gwpj;jhd; Xtpak; - tiue;jhd;> Gide;jhd; nra;As; - ,aw;W ckp - fUf;fpdhd; E}y; - vOJ Nty; - va;jy; gpw nkhor; nrhw;fs;

myq;fhuk; - xg;gid mky; - eilKiw mghz;lk; - tPz; gop mfq; fhuk; - nrUf;F mjph;\;lk; - ew;NgW mgpg;gpuhak; - fUj;J mry; - Kjy; mh;j;jk; - nghUs; mDkjp - ,irT mq;fj;jpdh; - cWg;gpdh; mjpfhhp - mYtyh; mgpN\fk; - ePuhl;L> jpU KOf;F me;epaph; - mayh;

30 mG+h;tk; - GJik mDgtk; - gl;lwpT ml;ltiz - nghUl;Fwpg;G mykhhp - neLk; Ngio mjpgh; - jiyth; M];jp - nrhj;J Muhjid - topghL Mde;jk; - kfp;o;r;rp Muz;ak; - fhL M];gj;jphp - kUj;Jtkid Muk;gk; - njhlf;fk; MrPh;tjpj;jy; - tho;j;Jjy; Mgj;J - ,lh; Mjtd; - QhapW Mf;ukpg;G - chpik kPwy; Ml;Nrgiz - kWg;G ,Ujak; - neQ;rfk; ,yQ;rk; - iff;$yp> ifA+l;L ,k;ir - Jd;gk; ,yl;rpak; - Fwpf;Nfhs; ,yl;rzk; - moF cgNahfk; - gad; cj;jpNahfk; - gzp cw;rtk; - tpoh cgrhpj;jy; - tpUe;Njhk;gy; cgak; - jpUg;gzpf; nfhil cgfhuk; - cjtp c\hh; - vr;rhpf;if vjhh;j;jk; -,ay;G Ijpfk; - cyftof;F fphPlk; - kzp Kb FNguh; - ngUQ; nry;th; fh;tk; - nrUf;F ftdk; - fUj;J fpuhkk; - rpw;W}h; fpUig - jpUtUs; Fkud; - kfd; Nfhgk; - rpdk; f[hdh-fUT+yk; fr;Nrhp - muq;fk; ifJ - jis F\p - kfpo;r;rp fpuhk;G-,ytq;fk; fpy;yhb-nfhbNahd; Nfh\;b-Fohk;> FOtpdh; Fk;ghgpN\fk; - Fl KOf;F

31 rq;fk; - kd;wk; [yk; - ePh; [dq;fs; - kf;fs; re;Njh\k; kfpo;r;rp rig-mit rhtp - jpwTNfhy; $bkpj;jUs;f - kd;dpj;jUs;f [h];jp - kpFjp Nrit- njhz;L Rgjpdk; - ed;dhs; [kPd; - epyGyk; rpNefpjd; - ez;gd; rpghhpR - ghpe;Jiu rgh ehafh; - mitj;jiyth; rh;f;fhh; - muR re;jh - fl;lzk; rf;jp - Mw;wy; re;Njfk; - Iak; rk;gpujhak; - kuG [dhjpgjp - FbauRj; jiyth; [py;yh - khtl;lk; [y;jp - tpiue;J [Kf;fhsk; - tphpg;G [Ptpjk; - thof;if [Puzk; - nrhpkhdk; [il - ril [d;dy; - fhyjh;> rhusk;> gy fzp [ddk; - gpwg;G [q;\d; - re;jp [dehafk;- kf;fshl;rp [thg; - gjpy; [hk;gthd; - nfl;bf;fhud; [hLkhyp - $l;Lgth; [hil - rhay; [hf;uij - vr;rhpf;if [hjp - ,dk; [hkPd; - gpiz N[hjp - xsp rpfpr;ir - kUj;Jtk; rpj;jpuk; - Xtpak; rKj;jpuk; - fly; rpk;khrdk; - mhpaiz nrj;ij - Fg;ig. $sk; nrhe;jk; - chpik jfty; - nra;jp jhYfh - tl;lk;

32 jpdrhp - ehs;NjhWk; ijhpak; - JzpT Njjp - ehs; JNuhfk; - tQ;rfk; jhf;fy; - xg;gilg;G nra;agg;l;lJ epGzh;-ty;Yeh; eh\;lh - fhiy czT ek];fhuk; - tzf;fk; gj;jphpf;if - nra;jpj;jhs; gl;rp - gwit ge;Njhg];J - ghJfhg;G g[hh; - filj; njU g[id - $l;L topghL G\;gk;- kyh; ge;J kpj;jpuh; - cw;whh; cwtpdh; gpurq;fk; - nrhw;nghopT gpujhdk; - Kjd;ik Ng\ha; - rpwg;ghf tpNr\k; - rpwg;G Ngh[dk; - czT ghf;fp - epYit G+i[-topghL Ngh\fh; - guhkhpg;gth; gQ;rhaj;J-Ik; Nguhak; gjpy; - tpil gNy - ed;W Ngl;b - Neh;fhdy; ge;jak; - gzak; Ngl;il - Gwefh; khKy; - tof;fk; > gioa gb kf;fh; - ,ilQ;ry; kpl;lha; - jPq;fl;b kd;dpg;G- nghUj;Jf; nfhs;Sjy; kj;jpahdk; - ez;gfy; khjk; - jpq;fs; ikjhdk; - jply; kpUfk; - tpyq;F t];jpuk; - cil t];J - nghUs; thry; - thapy; thfdk; - Ch;jp tpthfk; - kd;wy; tp\ak; - nghUs;> nra;jp tpgj;J - Jau epfo;r;rp> ,lh; Ntfk;; - tpiuT tpG+jp - jpUePW

33 tpthjk; - ciuahly; tpujk; - Nehd;G tpehb - nehb Ntjk; - kiw itj;jpah; - kUj;Jth; NuhL -rhiy Kf;fpa];jh; - Kjd;ikahdth; uj;J -ePf;fk; igry; nra; - jPh;j;Jit ];jphp-ngz; Urp-Rit cgepahrk; - rkar; nrhw;nghopT gfp\; fhpj;jdh; - tpyf;fpdh;

t*cr; nrhw;fs; jtW jyfhzp crph; crpU Rtw;wpy; rpyT mtuf;fh mtuJ mtdy;y mUfhikapy; mtuy;y mJ my;y Kopj;jhd; flfhy; fj;jphpf;fha; Nfhh;it Nfhlhyp ce;jd; Cuzp xUts; rhp jiyaiz caph; caph; Rthpy; nryT mtiuf;fha; mtUila mtdy;yd; mUfpy; mtuy;yh; mJ md;W tpopj;jhd; filfhy;; fj;jhpf;fha; Nfhit Nfhlhhp cd;wd; CUzp xUj;jp

34 jq;fr;rp rhq;fhyk; Flf; $yp rpfg;G Kaw;rpj;jhh; jhtuk; Nth;it rPaf;fha; ehl;fs; kdjpy; xj;jlk; xl;liu Rk;khapU Jsph; gz;lfrhiy Glit Gof;fil kzj;jf;fhsp Ntz;lhk; ntl;bg;Ngr;R nkdf; nfl;L Ke;jhid Kd;D}W ntd;dPh; Gz;zhf;F Ngud; kdJ jPtl;b vlf;F jq;if rhAq;fhyk; Fbf;$yp rptg;G Kad;whh; jho;thuk; tpah;it rpiff;fha; ehs;fs; kdj;jpy; xw;wlk; xl;llil Rk;khtpU jsph; gz;lrehiy Gilit Gwq;fil kzpj;jf;fhsp Ntz;lh ntw;Wg; Ngr;R tpidnfl;L Kd;whid Ke;E}W nte;ePh; gpz;zhf;F ngaud; kdk; jPth;j;jp ,lf;F

Mq;fpyr; nrhy;Yf;F Neuhd jkpo;r; nrhy; Assembly Acceptance Accident Accomodation Acknowledgement Acquisition Admission Address Advocate Aeroplane Agency Agent rl;lkd;wk;> Nguit Vw;Wf; nfhs;Sjy; tpgj;J ,l trjp xg;Gif ifafg; gLj;Jjy; EioT Kfthp tof; FiuQh; thD}h;jp Kfik Kfth;

35 Agenda Alcho hol Allowance Anomoy Appeal Application Form Approach Road Asset Astonomy Auto Riksha Action Advice Aim Aesthetic Air mail Atlas gPNuh Brief case Ballot paper Bachelor Budget Bonafide certificate Bungalow Bus Bus stand Bus stop Book post Bulletin By pass ghy;fdp commutation corporation cosmopolitan committee cloth store customs cab cable cafe camera compus court fee stamp car cartoon carriage cool drink nghUs; epuy; ntwpak;> Nghij ePh; gb Kuz;ghL Nky;KiwaPL tpz;zg;g gbtk; mZF rhiy nrhj;J jd;dhl;rp jhdpaq;fp %TUsp eltbf;if Gj;jpkjp Fwpf;Nfhs; ,aw;if tdg;G thd; mQ;ry; epyg;glj; ;njhFg;G ,Og;giw FWk; ngl;b thf;Fr;rPl;L tpliy tuT nryTj;jpl;lk; Mswp rhd;wpjo; khspif NgUe;J NgUe;J epiyak; NgUj;J epWj;jk; E}y; mQ;ry; rpwg;Gr; nra;jp khw;W top Kfg;G khlk; njhFj;Jg; ngWjy; ,izak; nghJ Nehf;F cilatd; FO Jzpaq;fhb Rq;fk; thifr; rPUe;J fk;gp tlk; rpw;Wz;b rhiy epow;glfUtp tshfk; ePjpkd;wf; fl;lz tpy;iy rPUe;J fUj;Jg;glk; tz;b Fsph;ghdk;

36 certificate champion check post cheque chemical choultry company compact disk cenema central Government council circuit House citizen ship clinic climate commission community hall compromise contract cover crane culture cup board costume canteen constitutional law company congratulations consumer corporation Decree Deed Defemation Director Deposit Draft District collector Data Dealer Dubling Dispensary Dead line bird; Eneumbrance Electrical Lift Exparte rhd;wpjo; thif#b jzpf;ifr; rhtb fhNrhiy Ntjpg; nghUs; rj;jpuk; epWtdk; tl;lj; jfL jpiug;glk; eLtz; muR kd;wk; Rw;Wyh khspif FbAhpik jdp kUj;Jtkid jl;g ntg;g epiy Mizak; rKjhaf; $lk; ,zf;fj; jPh;T xg;ge;jk; Nky; ciw Rik J}f;Fg; nghwp gz;ghL epiy mLf;F cil rpw;Wz;br; rhiy murpay; mikg;Gr; rl;lk; FOkk; ghuhl;Lf;fs; Efh;Nthh; fofk; jPh;g;ghiz xg;ghtzk;> rhrdk; mtJ}W ,af;Feh; itg;Gj; njhif tiuNthiy khtl;l Ml;rpah; mbg;gil tptuk; tzpfh; xyp Nrh;f;if kUe;jfk; Fwpj;j fhyk; tbtikg;G tpy;yq;fk; kpd; J}f;fp xUjiy

37 Electricity Ear Markad Employment Exchange Encorachment Engine Embassy Embelelm Executive Officer Embezzloment Expedite Elastic Fire Engine Farewael Adress Fake news Franchise Furniture Freight Funnel Guest House Grinder Generator Gowdown Governor Goods vehicle Goods Train Green Room Hall High ways Hospital Hostal Hostel High court Institution Income Tax Insurance Internet Interview Interesting Instincnt Ice water Industry layout Laundry Lease Library Licence kpd; f;jp Fw;pj;J xJf;fpa Ntiy tha;g;G mYtyfk; chpik kPwy; nghwp J}jh; jdpf; Fwp nry; mYtyh; ifahly; Jhpjg;gLj;J nefpop jPaizg;G Ch;jp topaDg;G ciu ngha; nra;jp thf;Fhpik miwfyd; ruf;F Rikf;fl;lzk; tbFoha; tpUe;jfk; miuit ve;jpuk; kpd; Mf;fp fplq;F MSeh; ruf;F Ch;jp ruf;F Ch;jp ghriw kz;lgk; ngUehop kUj;Jt kid tpLjp cztfk; cah; ePjp kd;wk; epiyak; tUkhdthp <l;LWjp ,izak; Neh;fhzy; Mh;tk; ,aw;if mwpT Fsph; ePh; njhopyfk; tbtikg;G ntSg;gfk; Fj;jif E}yfk; chpkk;

38 Lorry Lunch Lawer Lense Mother Laud Medicine Mess Motive Mark Motor Medical Board Mechanic Medal Media Medical Treatment Micro phone News Paper order of nature Public Accounts Committee Passport Physical fitness Parliement Platform Pesticide Picnic Portico Post card Post office Postal order Post man Pen Public sector Private sector Persistance of vision projector Pension Postage Stamp Quanters Quation Rubber Radar Registered post Ragging Railway Railway station Reading Room rikAe;J ez;gfy; czT tof;fwpQh; cUg; ngUf;fp jhafk; kUe;J cztfk; Fwpf;Nfhs; kjpg;ngz; nghwp kUj;Jth; fofk; ,ae;jpuf; fk;gpah; gjf;fk; Clfk; Neha;j; jzpg;G Ez;nzhyp ngUf;fp nra;jpj;jhs; ,aw;if xOq;F muR fzf;Ff; FO flTr;rPl;L cly; jFjp ehlhSkd;wk; eilNkil G+r;rpf; nfhy;yp Gwkidg; Nghf;F tpUe;J %L Kfg;g mQ;ry; ml;il mQ;ryfk; mQ;y Miz mQ;ry; Ms; J}ty; nghJj;Jiw jdpahh; Jiw ghh;it epiyg;G gl tPo;j;jp Xa;T+jpak; mQ;ry; tpy;iy FbapUg;gpy;yhk; gq;F Nja;g;gk; njhiy epiy ,af;f mwp fUtp gjpT mQ;ry; gfb tij ,Ug;Gg; ghij ,Ug;G+h;jp epiyak; gbg;gfk;

39 Recreation club Refrigeration Renewal Rest House Royaty Scheme Scooter Supreme court Secular Settlement Stapaler Stationery Stationary Suit case Subtautive law snaks Surgeon Switch Speaker Surgery Sacrifice Telephone Tea Town ship Tribunal Taxi Text Book Ticket Tourist Bungalow Tollgate Tractor Tricycle Transfer certificate Truck Tyre Tube well Trolly uniform utility urn Verification Veterinary Dispensary Vehicle Video Tap Visa Ventilator kd kfpo; kd;wk; Fsph; gjdg; ngl;b Gjpg;gpj;jy; Xa;tpy;yk; chpkk; jpl;lk; jhdpaq;fp <UUsp cr;r ePjpkd;wk; kjr; rhh;gw;w jPh;T fk;gpj; ijay; nghwp vOJ nghUs; epidahd ifg; ngl;;b chpikr; rl;lk; rpw;Wz;b mWit kUj;Jth; nghj;jhd; Ngr;rhsh; mWit rpfpr;ir jpahfk; njhiyNgrp NjePh; efhpak; jPh;ghgak; thlifr; rPUe;J ghlE}y; > Gj;jfk; rPl;L Rw;Wg; gazpah; khspif Rq;fr; rhtb ,ae;jpuf; fyg;ig Kr;rf;fu kpjptz;b khWjy; rhd;wpjo; ghu Ch;jp cUspg;gl;il Foha;f; fpzW efh;j;Jk; tz;b rPWil cgNahfk; ghj;jpuk; rhpghh;j;jy; fhy;eil kUe;jfk; tz;b> Clh;jp xsp ehlh EioT ,irT rhsuk;

40 Warden Will Washing Machine Ware House Wash Basin Winch Window write off Writes X-rox Yoke Youth Zest Zip tpLjpf; fhg;ghsh; ,wjp Kwp ryit ve;jpuk; fplq;F fOT njhl;b cUis Vw;Wg; nghwp gyfzp> fhyjh; js;Sgb rl;l Mtzk; xspg;gb Efj;jb ,isQh; ew;Rit gy;ypizT gl;bif

9. xyp NtWghL mwpe;J rhpahd nghUs; mwpjy; muk; - xU fUtp ; mhp - ntl;L ; Mu - epiua ; ,iu - jPdp ; cU - tbtk; ; vhp-jP ; miu- ghjp ; cuT-typik ; ciu-nrhy; ; eiu - Kbeiu ; kiu - jhkiu >khd; ; guit - fly; ; Nfhuy;-Ntz;Ljy; ; Vhp - ePh; epiy ; tz;ik - <if ; jz;ik - Fsph;r;rp ; Cz; - NrhW ; cyT - jphpjy; ; mwk; - jUkk; mwp - mwpe;J nfhs; Mw - jzpa ,iw - flTs; cW - kpFjp vwp - tPR miw - tPl;bd; xU gFjp cwT - Rw;wk; ciw - fj;jp ciw> ciwjy; eiw - Njd; kiw - Ntjk; gwit - gwg;gd Nfhwy; - nfhy;Yjy; Vwp - VWjy; td;ik - cWjp jd;ik - ,ay;G Cd; - khkprk; coT - cOjy;

41 ciy-rikf;Fk; ciy ; cis - NrhW ; cio - khd;> Ntiy nra; jhy; - ehf;F ; jhs; - jpUtb ; jho; - jho;g;gho; ,is - nkyp ; Fyk; - gpwe;j Fyk; ; xyp - Xir ; fpotp - KJikahd ngz; ; gyp - gypapLjy; ; Gyp - kpUfk; ; thsp - ghj;jpuk; ; Fyp - kidtp ; ,iy - rhg;gpLk; ,y;iy ; ,io-ijay; Fsk; - ePh;epiy xsp - ntspr;rk; ; xop-xopj;Jf; fl;L fpstp - gjk;> nrhy; gop - ghtk; Gsp - nghUs; thop - tho;f Fsp - Fopj;jy; ; Fop - gs;sk; jiy - cWg;G ; jis - tpyq;F ; jio - Ntg;ge;jio My; - kuk; ; Ms; - egh;> jdp - jdpik ; md;dk; - xU gwit ; fzp - fzf;fpL ; fiu- Mw;wpd; fiu ; $hpa - $h;ikahd ; miy - fly; miy ; Mo; - %o;Fjy; jzp- Fiw mz;zk; - thapd; Nkw;gFjp fdp - gok; fiw - mof;F $wpa - nrhy;ypa mis - Gw;W ; mio-miog;G $iu - tP;l;bd; $iu; fiy - rpj;jpuk; ; $iw - Gj;jhil fis - Ntz;lhj nrb > fisjy; ; fio - fUk;G> %q;fpy;

42

10. XnuOj;J xU nkhopf; Fhpa nghUs; m M , < c C v V I rptd;> tp\;Z>gpukh>vl;L vd;Dk; vz;izf; Fwpg;gJ gR> Md;kh. Mr;rhkuk; (1/2) miu vd;gijf; Fwpg;gJ jh> Fif. mk;G> NjdP. tz;L>rpwF>mwpT>thdtpy;> miu Qhdp rptd;>ehd;Kfd;> cikats; ,iwr;rp>czT>Cz; jir 7-vd;gjd; jkpo; cU mk;G>cah;r;rp>va;jy;>mLf;F>Nky; Nehf;Fjy;>ngUf;fk;>,Wkhg;G moF> jiytd;> ,iwtd;> murd;> je;ij> Mr;rhpak;> ,Uky;> Mrhd;> Ez;ik> mk;G> gak;> fLF> rh;f;fiu x X xs f epfh; kjF g+kp> fbj;jy;> mde;jk;> epyk;> mioj;jy; cly;> Md;kh>murd;>fhkd;>fhw;W> ePh;> fjputd;. jpUkhy;> njhdp>kapy;>kdk;>vkd;>jiy>jputpak;>eidjy;> gwit> ehd;Kfd;> mf;dp 1vd;Dk; vz;iz jkpopy; Fwpg;gJ fh Nrhiy> njhiyT> fhg;ghw;W> fw;gf kuk;> G+f;$il>fiykfs;>xU msT> Fw;wk;>rpWik>G+op>Ftisak;>jir>epe;ij>ghtk;>epwk;>jil $ G+kp> cyfk;> mOf;F>$T> epyk;>$o;

43 q Nfh nfs if rh R rP Nr ir Nrh Qh iQ j jh jP J J} Nj ij e eh ep eP E E} Ne neh>ie Neh nes g gh gp gP G+ Ng ig k kh FWzp msT Nfh - murd;> je;ij> ,iwtd;> Mfhak;> mk;G> Mz;kfd;> vUJ> gR> thdk; jPq;F> nfhs;S gil>MAjk;>fjph;>gf;fk;>fl;rp>ahidapd; Jjpf;if Nga;> Njapiyr; nrb Ra>Rfk; kq;fyk; jpUkfs;. rsp> rPo; fhis>cah;T>rptg;G> ,lg uhrp xU kutif ifg; nghUs; kjpy;>muz; nghUe;J. Rl;L ,fo;r;rpf; Fwpg;G Ngud;> ehd;Kfd; jhz;L>Fw;wk;> typik> tUj;jk;> NfL mwpT> ,dpik> Nfhgk;> eQ;R> jPik eufk; cz;> gphpT> nfL>tUe;J J}a;ik>jir>gif nja;tk;>mUs; myq;fhp rpwg;G>kpFjp ehf;F>nrhy;>eL>nghypT ,d;gk; tpL>Js;Sjy; MAjk;>Njhzp>jpahdk;>epe;ij Neuk; ahid>Mguzk; md;G>Neak;>,uf;fk; tUe;J> Jd;gk;> Neha;>nkd;ik NehT>tUj;jk;>rpijT>Jd;gk;>gytPdk;>,d;dy;>Jf;fk;>Neha; kuf;fyk; fhw;W>E}W>rhgk; ghl;L>ftpij>moF>gug;G.gQ;R>E}y; moF mr;rk;>njhz;b>kutif moF>,lk;>kyh;>jhkiu.jPg;nghwp>$h;ik>G+g;G>G+kp>gpwg;G Eiu>Nkfk;>moF>mr;rk;>,y;iy vd;Dk; nghUs; jUtJ ghk;g;pd; glk;> gRik>epwk;>moF>,sik>typik re;jpud;>vkd;>rptnUkhd;>gpukz;>jpUkhy;>fhyk;>eQ;R nghpa>rpwe;j>moF>Fjpiu>ahid>tpyq;F>tz;L>md;dk;>rPiy>jpUkfs;> fiykfs;>nry;tk;>tay;>epyk;>xU msT>typik>ngUik kP % Nk ik Nkh ah t Nky;>cah;r;rp>thdk;>Nkd;ik>Nkyplk; %g;G>%d;W>KJik Nky;>md;G>Nkk;ghL>ML fz;ik>,Us;>thdk;>Fw;wk;>ghtk;>kyh;>,uhfk;>ePh; Nkhjy; xUtif kuk;>mfyk; (gpd;dk); fhy; vd;gJ

44 tp th it Nt nts mwpT>epr;rak;>Mfhak;>moF>gwit>fhw;W>fz;>jpir>khWghL jhTjy; kyh;>gwit>ePf;fk; $h;ik>itf;Nfhy; tt;Tjy;

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45 kUz;lJ Vwpdhd; jPa;e;jJ mapd;whd; ghL njhlh;G cw;whd; Nehw;whd; Mh;j;jhh; kUs; VW jPa; mapy; gL njhlh; cW Nehy; Mh;

12. Nth;r;nrhy;iyf; nfhLj;J tpidKw;W tpidnar;rk; tpidahyidAk; ngah;> njhopw; ngah; cUthf;Fjy; Nth;r;nrhy; tpid tpid ngah; tp.m.njhopy; ngah; Kw;W vr;rk; nrhy;; ngah; th te;jhd; te;J tea;j te;j tUjy; fy; fw;jhd; fw;W fw;w fw;wtd; fw;wy; nfhL nfhLj;jhd; nfhLj;J nfhLj;j nfhLj;jtd; nfhLj;jy; jh je;jhd; je;J te;j je;jtd; jUjy; fhz; fz;lhd; fz;L fz;l fz;ltd; fhz;ly; mb mbj;jhd; mbj;J mbj;j mbj;jtd; mbj;jy; cz;; cz;lhd; cz;L cz;l cz;ltd; cz;zy; mwp mwpe;jtd; mwpe;J mwpe;j mwpe;jtd; mwpjy; tpUk;G tpUk;gpdhd; tpUk;gp tpUk;gpa tpUk;gpatd; tpUk;Gjy; tpis tpise;jJ tpise;J tpise;j tpisj;jit tpisr;ry; msp mspj;jhd; mspj;J mspj;j mspj;jtd; mspj;jy;

46 ngah; ngah;j;jhd; ngah;e;J ngah;e;j ngah;e;jtd; ngah;jy; ghL ghbdhd; ghb ghba ghbatd; ghLjy; nry; nrds;whd; nrd;W nrd;w nrd;wtd; nry;Yjy;

13. mfu thpirg;gb vOJf mfuthpir f>q>r>Q>l>z>j>e>g>k>a>u>y>t>o>s>w>d ,Ue;jhy; (,uz;lhk; ,lk; fzf;fpLk; nghOJ mjw;F Kd;Dhpik ju Ntz;Lk;) (v.L) mJ> mJ vd;wpUe;jhy; ,jpy; Kjypy; tUtJ mJ MFk;. (v.L) 1. KJF> ik>nkhj;jk;> %l;il> Nkhjpuk; tpil KJF> %l;il> ik> nkhj;jk;> Nkhjpuk;

2. md;G> gz;G> ,uf;fk;> fUiz tpil md;G>,uf;fk;> fUiz> gz;G 3. gdp> kdpjd;> khd;> nrhw;fs; tpil nrhw;fs; > gzp> kdpjd;> khd; 4. mutk;> mf;fk;> mwpQd;>mr;rk;

47 tpil mf;fk;> mr;rk;> mutk;> mwpQd; 5. mhpkh> mhp>mUfd;> miy kfs; tpil mhp> mhpkh> mUfd;> miy kfs; (mhpkh> mhp-,jpy; mhp Kjypy; tUk;) (%d;whtJ> vOj;J ,y;iy mjdhy; ,U vOj;Jf;fs; cs;sNj Kjypy; tUfpwJ.)

14. nrhw;fis xOq;F gLj;jp vOJf 1. Mf;fk; ngWth; Cf;fk; cilahh; tpil Cf;fk; cilahh; Mf;fk; ngWth; 2. jiy rpwe;j jd;dk;gpf;ifNa nrhj;J tpil jd;dk;gpf;ifNa jiy rpwe;j nrhj;J 3. GJik nra;tha; ige;jkpo; fw;W (eP) ige;jkpo; fw;W GJik nra;tha; 4. tho;tpy; cah;th; fy;tp mwpT ngw;wth; tpil fy;tp mwpT ngw;wth; tho;tpy; cah;th; 5. xU ehl;bd; gz;ghL me;ehl;bd; gz;gpy; mlq;fpapUf;fpwJ tpil xU ehl;bd; gz;ghL me;ehl;L kf;fspd; gz;gpy; mlq;fpapUf;fpwJ 6. gRikahf tsh;e;J fjph; Kw;wpapUe;jd tpil Kw;wp tsh;e;J gRikahf

48 ,Ue;jd fjph; njhlh;fs; nghJthf vOtha;> nra;ag;gL nghUs; gadpiy vd;w thpirapy; mika Ntz;Lk;. (v.L) Rama cut the Tree (Mq;fpyk;) Subject, Predical, object ,uhkd; kuj;ij ntl;bdhd; (jkpo;> vOtha; nra;gL nghUs; gadpiy.

ngah; tif ngah;

,U Fwpg;G ngah;

fhuzg; ngah;

,L Fwpg; ngah;

,L Fwpg; ngah;

49

15. ngah; tif ngah;r; nrhy;ypd; tifawpjy; ngah; tif 1. ,L Fwpg; ngah; 2. fhuzg; ngah; 3. fhuz ,LFwpg; ngah; 1.,L Fwpg; ngah; fhuzkpd;wp Kd;Ndhh;fs; toq;fpaJ ,L Fwpg; ngah; MFk; (v.L) kz;> kiy > kL > fy; 2.fhuzg; ngah; fhuzj;Jld; $baJ fhuzg; ngah; (v.L) kuk; - jiuapy; kUtp ,Ug;gJ Fk;kp - Fk;kpabj;jy;

50 tapW> FwpQ;rp> ahf;if FwpQ;rp - kiyg;gFjp Ch; Ke;ePh; - kio ePh;> Mw;W ePh;> Cw;W ePh; Mfpa %d;W ePh;fisf; nfhz;l fly; NghJ - nghOij mwptpj;jypy; kyUf;F NghJ vd;W ngah; te;jJ. 3.fhuz ,L Fwpg; ngah; xU ngah; fhuz Kilajhf ,Ug;gpd; mJ mf;fhuzKila gytw;wpw;Fk; nghUe;jhJ (nrhy;yhJ) xd;wDf;F kl;LNk chpj;jha; tUtJ. (v.L) fhw;whb> gl;lk;> ehw;fhyp> tisay; 1. nghUl; ngah; - xU nghUisf; Fwpg;gJ nghUl; ngah; (v.L) murd;> njhz;ld;> Rthkpfs;> cah;jpiz nghUis czh;j;jp Ntw;Wik cUGfis Vw;W epw;gJ ngah;r; nrhy; 2. tpidahyizAk; ngah; jtpu kw;w nganur;rq;fs; fhyk; fhl;lhJ (v.L) tp.m.ngah; mfo;thiu> ,fo;e;jhiu 3. Fbg; ngah; rhjpiaf; Fwpg;gJ (v.L) Fwtd;> Mad;> kwtd;> me;jzd;> cotd;> thzpad; 4. fpisg; ngah; (v.L) mz;zd;> khkdhh;> ehj;jdhh;> kidtp> Kjypad. 5. msitg; ngah; ePl;ly;> Kfj;jy;> vLj;jy;> vz;zk; vd ehy; tifahFk;. 6. Rl;Lg; ngah; (v.L) mJ> ,J

7. tpdhg; ngah; (v.L) vJ> ahJ> vth;> vts; Kjdpiy jphpe;j njhopw; ngah; njhopw; ngahpd; Kjy; gFjp jphpe;J tUtJ Kjdpiy jphpe;j njhopw; ngah; MFk;. (v.L) RL - #L gL - ghL tisay; - fhuz ,L Fwp ngah; my;yJ fhuz rpwg;Gg; ngah; ngah;r; nrhy;ypd; tifawpjy; 1. nghUl; ngah; ................. fpsp> KUfd;> Gj;jfk; ahid> kdpjd;> gR 2. ,lg; ngah; ....................... kJiu> cyfk;> Nfhapy; 3. fhyg; ngah; ..................... fhiy> khiy> ez;gfy; kzp> ehs;> thuk;> Mz;L

51 4. rpidg; ngah; ................ fz;>fhJ>jiy>fpis>,iy>G+ 5. gz;Gg; ngah; ................ tl;lk;> rJuk;> xd;W

ey;ytd;> fUik jpz;ik> Gspg;G> tlf;F> Nfhgk;> ,d;ik> ,iw. my;yy;> ntz;fyk; 6. njhopy; ngah; MFjy;> ebj;jy;> gbj;jy; vOJjy;> fz;Nzhl;lk;> nfhsy;> cLf;if> fhz;G> gLghf;F flg;ghL (xg;GuT) fhg;G MF ngahfs;

xU ngah; mjidf; Fwpahky; mjNdhL njhlh;Gila kw;nwhU nghUSf;F ngauhf njhd;W njhl;L> MfptUtJ MF ngah; vdg;gLk;.

1. nghUshF ngah; ................. jhkiu Kfk;> jhkiu G+j;jJ> ky;ypif #bdhd; 2. ,lthF ngah; ................... rhj;J}h; gs;sp NgrpaJ Ch; rph;j;jJ> tha;> Ch; cwq;fpw;W> Njrk; ntd;wJ 3. fhythF ngah; ..................... fhh; tpijj;jhd; brk;gh; #bdhd; fhh; mWj;jhhd; 4. rpidg; ngah; ...................... ntw;wpiy el;lhd; kUf; nfhOe;J el;lhd; 5. gz;ghF ngah; .................... tPl;bw;F nts;is mbj;jhd;

6. njhopyhF ngah; ................. tpUe;J nghq;fy; cz;lhd; KWf;F jpd;whd; tw;wy; cz;lhd; 7. jhdpahF ngah; (v.L) Vhp cile;jJ foy; gzpe;jhd; fPiuia ,wf;fpit tpsf;F xbe;jJ ghy; cUz;lJ jhdp vd;gJ jhdk; my;yJ ,lj;jpw;F chpaJ. fhypy; cs;s Mguzk; (tPuf; foy;). mJ ,Uf;Fk; ,lk; (jhdk;) fhy;. me;j jhdj;jpw;F my;yJ ,lj;jpw;F chpa jhdp foy;. me;j (foy;) jhdp jhd; ,Uf;Fk; (,lj;jpw;F) fhYf;F Mfp te;jJ. 8. fUtpahF ngah; (v.L) 1. ehjRuk; ed;whf ,Ue;jJ 2. Gy;yhq;Foy; ed;whf ,Ue;jJ 3. taypd; ed;whf ,Ue;jJ

52 4. ahopdpJ Foy; ,dpJ vd;gh; jk; kf;fs; koiyr; nrhy; Nfshjth; 5. Fws; 9. fhhpathF ngah; (v.L) 1. jkpo; ,yf;fzk; gbj;jhd; 2. xg;gid ed;whf ,Ue;jJ 3. igq; $o; thbaJ gaph; thbaJ vd;gjw;Fg; gjpy; gaphpd; fhhpakhfpa igq; $o; vd;W gapUf;fhf Mfp te;jJ. igq;$o; - fhhpak;. 10. fh;j;jhthF ngah; xU fhj;jhtpd; ngah; mtiuf; Fwpf;fhky; mtuhy; cz;lhf;fg;gl;l nghUisf; Fwpg;gJ fh;j;jh thF ngah; vdg;gLk;. (v.L) 1. fk;gidg; gb 2. jpUts;Stidg; gb 3. kpy;lidsg; gbj;jpUf;fpwhah? 11. ctik MF ngah; xU ctkg; nghUs; jd;idf; Fjpf;fhky; vjw;F ctikahff; $wg;gl;lNjh me;jg; nghUSf;F Mfp tUtJ ctikahF ngah;. (v.L) 1. fhis te;jhd; 2. ghit te;jhs; 3. vq;fs; kapNy 4. Nfhij

12 . vz;zhF ngah; (v.L) vOik> Ie;J 13. nrhy;yhF ngah; cz;gJ ehop vd;w Kfj;jy; msitg; ngah; mt;tsT nfhz;l czTg; nghUSf;F Mfp t;ejJ 14. tplhj thF ngah;

(v.L) Gspj; jpd;whd;

Gsp> jd; nghUshfpa Ritia tplhky; epd;W> fha;> fdp vd;gtw;wpw;F Mfp tUjy; tplhj MF ngah; MFk;. 15. tpl;l thF ngah;

53 cyfk; gpioj;jJ. vd;gjpy; cyfk; vd;w ,lg; ngah; jd; nghUfis tpl;L jd;dplj;jpy; cs;s kdpjiu czh;j;jpajhy; tpl;lthF ngah;. 16. ,U kb MF ngah; (v.L) fhh; epwe;jj fuk; vd;gJ fUik epwk; Nkfj;jpw;F Mfp te;jikahy; MF ngah;. fhh; te;jJ vd;w NghJ fhh; vd;Dk; fUikiaf; Fwpf;Fk; ngah; Nkfj;jpw;F Mfp mJNt gpd;dh; Nkfk; kio nghopAk; gUt fhykhfpa fhh; fhyj;jpw;F Mfp tUifapy; ,U kb MF ngah; Mapw;W 17. Kk;kb MF ngah; fhh; mWj; jhd; vd;W $Wk; NghJ fUik epwg; ngah; Nkfj;jpw;F Mfp> mJNt gpd;dh; fhh; fhyj;jpw;F Mfp> mJNt gpd;dh; fhh; fhyg; gapUf;F Mfp tUtjhy;Kk;kb MF ngah;.

mil mLj;j fUtpahF ngah;

xU MF ngaUf;F Kd;dhy; jpU vd;Dk; mil nkhop tUtJ mil mLj;j MF ngah;. (v.L) jpUf;Fws; - mil mLj;j MF ngah; Fws; vd;gJ fUtpahF ngah; Mjyhy; jpUf;Fws; vd;gJ mil mLj;j fUtpahF ngah; MFk;.

16. ,yf;fzf; Fwpg;gwpjy; tiffs; 1. ck;ikj; njhif 2. ctikj; njhif 3. gz;Gj; njhif 4. ,U nganuhl;Lg; gz;Gj; njhif 5. tpidj; njhif 6. Ntw;Wikj; njhif 7. cUGk; gaDk; cld; njhf;fj; njhif 8. md; nkhopj; njhif 9. tpid Kw;W 10. tpaq;Nfhs; tpid Kw;W

54 11. tpid nar;rk; 12. nganur;rk; 13. Kw;nwr;rk; 14. tpidahyizAk; ngah; 15. vz;Zk;ik 16. Kw;Wk;ik 17. mLf;Fj; njhlh; 18. ,ul;ilf; fpstp 19. chpr; nrhy; njhlh; 20. xU nghUs; gd; nkhop 21. Kuz; njhil 22. cUtfk; 23. ms ngil 24. Nghyp 25. k&c 26. jFjp tof;F 27. tO mikjp 28. cUG kaf;fk;

thpir vz; 1 Kjy; 8 Kba cs;sit njhif epiyj;; njhlh; vdg;gLk;. kPjp cs;sit njhfh epyj; njhlh; vdg;gLk;. VNjDk; cUGfs; (ck;>Nghy> Ntw;Wik cUG Kjypad) kiwe;J ,Ue;J nghUs; jUtJ njhif epiyj; njhlh; MFk;. kiwtpd;wp ntspg;gilahfg; nghUs; jUtJ njhfh epiyj; njhlh; MFk;.

1. ck;ikj; njhif

55 ,uz;L Kjy; gy nrhw;fs; Nrh;e;J te;J ck; vd;w cUG kiwe;J my;yJ njhf;F epw;gJ. (v.L) 1. ML khL - MLk; khLk; 2. nrb nfhb - nrbAk; nfhbAk; 3. rpq;fk; Gyp - rpq;fKk; GypAk; 4. khd; gpiz - khDk; gpizAk; 2. ctikj; njhif ctkhdk; vd;gJ ctik ctNkak; vd;gJ ctkpf;fg;gLk; nghUs; ctik cUG - Nghy> Nghd;w Kjypad kiwe;J tUtJ ctikj; ;njhif (v.L) jhkiu Kfk; - jhkiu Nghd;w Kfk; gtstha; kyub - gtsk; Nghd;w tha; - kyh; Nghd;w mb

md;d eil - md;dk; Nghd;w eil kyh;j;jhs; nghw;Gk; md;dij; jkpo; jha; nkhop mKj nkhop 3. gz;Gj; njhif ik > Md vd;w ,U gz;G cUGfs; kiwe;J tUtJ gz;Gj; njhif

mJ tz;zk;> tbtk;> vz;zk;> msT> ,ay;G> jd;ik> Rit> jpir vd;Dk; vl;ld; mbg;gilapy; tUk;. 1. nrq;fjph; 2. tl;lf;fly; 3. Kj;jkpo; 4. neLePh; 5. nfhLkdk; 6. ew;wtd; 7. Gspf; Fok;G 8. tlehL (v.L) ,Uq;fly;> ey;ywk;> tz; gad;> neLk;Gdy;> neLe;Njh;> goq;Fb> tz;if> ,Uepjp> nrq;Nfhy;> fU epwk;> ntq;fjph;> ntw;wplk;> Nguz;lk;> gy;Yaph;> ntz;zpyT> ey;nyhOf;fk;> neLehtha;> ew;fwp> xz; nghUs;> vz; nghUs;> jz;lsph;> jpz; jpus;> ngUQ; rpuk;> mUtpid mQ;rd tz;zd; (mQ;rd;k; Nghd;w fUik epwj;jtd;) 4. ,U nganuhl;Lg; gz;Gj; njhif xU nghJg; ngaUk; mjd; rpwg;Gg; ngaUk; Nrh;e;J Mfpa vd;w gz;G cUG kiwe;J tUtJ (v.L) 1. ,kag; nghUg;G 2. ijj; jpq;fs; 3. jkpo; nkhop 4. mw newp 5. rhiug; ghk;G 6. ky;ypifg; G+

56 7. ngz;ik eyk; 8. rj;jpa Ntjk; 9. nka;g; nghUs; 10. Cw;Wf; Nfhy; 11. kj ntwp 12. me;jp khiy 13. mtpAzT 5. tpidj; njhif

tpidapd; fhyk; mjthtJ fhyk; kiwe;jpUg;gJ. (v.L)

epfo;fhyk; ,we;jfhyk;> vjph;fhyk; vd vJTk; ntspg;gilahfj; njhpahky;

1. ciw epyk; 2. ePs; Gfo; 3. Ch; Mz;ik 4. tUepjp 5. nry;yplk; 6. Mo;fsh; 7. tphp kio 8. Njha;jlf;if 9. vhp juq;fk; 10. njhLthdk; 11. Fsph; kio 12. MfhW 13. NghfhW 14. nghjph; nfhs; G+ 6. Ntw;Wikj; njhif Ntw;Wik cUG kiwe;J tUtJ 1. fiu fz;lhd; - fiuiaf; fz;lhd; 2-k; Ntw;Wikj; njhif 2. fz; Nehf;fpdhd; - fz;zhy; Nehf;fpdhd; 3-k; Ntw;Wikj; njhif 3. $yp Ntiy - $ypf;F Ntiy 4-k; Ntw;Wikj; njhif 4. tpopg;Gdy; - tpopapd; Gdk; 5-k; Ntw;Wikj; njhif 5. Fjpiuf; fhy; - FjpiuAila fhy; 6-k; Ntw;Wikj; njhif 6. epyj;jiwe;jhd; - epyj;jpy; miwe;jhd; 7-k; Ntw;Wikj; njhif

7. cUGk; gaDk; cld; njhf;f njhif Ntw;Wik cUGk; gadpiyAk; ,uz;Lk; xNu Neuj;jpy; kiwe;J tUtJ. 1. rpw;Wz;br;rhiy - rpw;Wz;bia tpw;Fk; rhiy 2-k; Nt.cUGk; gaDk; cld; njhf;f njhif 2. ituf; fk;ky; - ituj;jhy; Md fk;ky; jq;ff; fhg;G - jq;fj;jhy; Md fhg;G 3-k; Nt.cUGk; gaDk; cld; njhf;f njhif 3. Foe;ijg; ghy; jiytyp kUe;J - jiytypf;F chpa kUe;J

57 4-k; Nt.cUGk; gaDk; cld; njhf;f njhif 4. tpopg; Gdy; - tpopapdpUe;J tUk; Gdy; 5-k; Nt.cUGk; gaDk; cld; njhf;f njhif 5. thd; Kfpy; - thdj;jpy; cs;s Kfpy; 7-k; Nt.cUGk; gaDk; cld; njhf;f njhif 8. md;; nkhopj; njhif

,uz;L nrhw;fs; ,ize;J te;J mt;tpU nrhw;fspYk; Fwpg;gplhj my;yJ ,y;yhj xU nkhop (my; nkhop) - my; ;nkhop - my;yhj nkhop 1. Mapio te;jhd; - Mguzj;ij mzpe;j ngz; te;js; ngz; vd;gJ my;yhj nkhop (v.L) fay; tpop te;jhs; fjpiu te;jhs; (fjph; Nghd;wts; te;jhs;) fUq; Foyp te;jhs; Nrapio te;jhs; ik aPNuh jpia te;jhs; mQ;rp Nyhjpia te;jhs; 9. tpid Kw;W

tpid KbTw;wijf; $WtJ. %d;W fhyj;jpw;Fk; nghUe;Jk; (v.L) vOjpdhd;> vOJfpwhd;> vOJthd;

10. tpaq;Nfhs; tpid Kw;W thoj;Jjy;> itjy;> Ntz;Ljy;>tpjpj;jy; Kjypatw;iwf; Fwpg;gJ. (v.L) tho;f> xopf>nghypf> nty;f> nry;f> GFf>tUf tUf> nfLf> tho Ntz;Lk; 11. tpid nar;rk;

xU nrhy; vr;rg; nghUs; je;J tUtJ.

mjhtJ tpid Kbahky; ,Ug;gij czh;j;jp

njhlh;Gila ,d;ndhU tpid Kw;iwf; nfhz;L KbtJ

58 xU tpidr; nrhy; tpidKw;iwf; nfhz;L Kbe;jhy; mJ tpidnar;rk; (v.L) 1. ghh;j;J te;jhd;> 2. ghlr; nrhd;dhd; 3. Ve;jp te;jhd; 4. fyq;fhJ epd;whd; 5. nfhs;thd; nrhd;dhd; 6. ngapd; ,Wk;. Fwpg;G tpid nar;rk; 1. nky;y ele;jhd; 2. iga te;jhd; 12. nganur;rk;

tpidr; nrhy; ngah;r; nrhy;iyf; nfhz;L KbtJ nganur;rk;. fhyk; fhl;Lk; (v.L) 1. Mba ngz; 2. Xba Fjpiu 3. thOk; Fb 4. tUk; fhyk; 5. Md;w ngUik Fwpg;G tpidnar;rk; 1. ey;y igad; 2. ey;y ;khztd; 3. mofpa Njhl;lk; 4. ,dpa ez;gh; 5. mhpa nray;

<W nfl;l vjph;kiwg; nganur;rk; tpidr; nrhy;ypd; <W (,Wjp gFjp) nfl;L (kiwe;J) vjph; kiwg; nghUs; je;J tUtJ. (v.L) 1. Xlhf; Fjpiu 2. ,d;dhr; nrhy; 3. Njuh kd;dh 4. jPuhg; gif 1. Xlh(j) Fjpiu 2. ,d;dh(j) nrhy; 3. Njuh(j) kd;dh 4. jPuh(j) gif 13. Kw;nwr;rk;

ngUk;ghYk; ,uz;L tpid Kw;Wf;fs; mLj;J mLj;J te;J> xU tpid Kw;whdJ tpid nar;rg; nghUspy; te;J kw;nwhU tpid Kw;iwf; nfhz;L KbtJ. NkYk; gadpiy Kjypy; tUk; njhlUk; Kw;nwr;rNk. 1. Njbdd; fz;lhd; 2. fz;ldd; te;jhd; 3. ePq;fpdh; Kdpgth; (gadpiy Kjypy; te;jJ) 4. mfd;wdd; Nghfp 5. rhw;wpdd; fowp 6. te;jdd; Njhd;Wk; 14. tpidahy; midAk; ngah;

tpid Kw;Wr; nrhy; tpid Kw;Wg; nghUisf; fhl;lhky;> mt;tpidiar; nra;jtiuNah my;yJ nghUisNah Fwpf;Fk; ngah;r; nrh;yhf khwp ngauha; tUtJ.

59 (v.L) mfo;thiu> ,fo;thiu> xWj;jhh; vd;whid> Mw;whd;> thl;lhd;> Jwe;jhh;> rhd;wth;> te;jth;> vt;tJiwtJ> jf;fhh;> fz;ltw;Ws; Cud; - Fwpg;G tpidahy; midAk; ngah; 15. vz;Zk;ik ,uz;L nrhw;fSf;fpilapy; ck; vd;w nrhy; tUtJ. (v.L) 1. nrhy;yhYk; nrayhYk; 2. nrbAk; nfhbAk; 3. fw;Gk; fhjYk; 4. mtpapDk; thopDk; 5. MLk; khLk; 16. Kw;Wik ck; vd;w nrhy; ;KOikiaf; Fwpg;gpl;L tUtJ (v.L) 1. midj;Jk; 2. gyTk; 3. ahh;f;Fk; 17. mL;f;Fj; njhlh; xNu nrhy; xd;Wf;F Nkw;g;l;lKiw te;J> gphpj;jhYk; nghUs; jUtJ (v.L) 1. nfhL nfhL 2. ghk;G ! ghk;G ! 3. Ngh Ngh 4. jP>jP>jP 5. Nfhb Nfhb> Nfhb> NfhbNa 18. ,ul;ilf; fpstp xNu nrhy; mLj;jLj;J ,uz;L Kiw te;J gphpj;jhy; nghUs; juhJ (v.L) 1. ry ry 2. rl rl 3. rs rs 4. to to 5. gl gl 6. fy fy 19. chpr; nrhy; njhlh; ngUk;ghYk; kpFjp vd;w nghUs; Fwpf;f tUtJ (v.L) edp fbJ> cW Ntdpy; jlf;fhp> FUepwk;> khefh; khkio> jlq;fz;> edp ey;yh;

$h;q; NfhL> rhy kpFj;Jg; ngapd;> fb efh;> jle;Njhs;> fop nUq; fhkk;> tpOg; NgW> esph; fly; chpr; nrhw;fs; rhy> cW> jt> edp> fop>$h;> fb>kh>jl>tpO>ko>thd; 20. xU nghUs; gz; nkhop xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l nrhw;fs; te;J xNu nghUisj; jUtJ (v.L) 1. thb tjq;fp> 2. fsp cttif 3. Xq;fp cah;e;j> 4.Fope;J Mo;e;J 5. eLikak; 6. kPkpir 7. fhj;Njhk;gy; 8. rhy kpFj;J 21. Kuz; njhil

60 Kuz;gl;l nghUSld; mLj;jLj;J ,U nrhw;fs; tUtJ Kuz; njhil (v.L) 1. milUk; kz;ZNshUk; 2. mq;nfhd;Wk; ,q;nfhd;Wk; 3. Mz;Lk; <z;Lk; 4. Neh;jYk; jdpjYk; 5. ed;Wk; jPJk; 6. my;Yk; gfYk; 7.v y;ypDk; ,Ul;bDk; 22. cUtfk; xU nghUis cUtfpj;Jr; nrhy;tJ cz;ikapy; ,aw;ifapy; ,y;yhj xd;iwf; fw;gidahfr; nrhy;tJ ctkhdj;ijAk; ctNkaj;ijAk; NtWgLj;jhJ ,uz;Lk; xd;Nw vd xw;Wikg; gLj;jpf; fhl;LtJ. (v.L) 1. ePh; Ntyp 3. ctifj; Njd; 2. mutiz 4. mfe;ijf; fpoq;F 6. Fow; fhL 8. Mde;jf; fly; 10. Kfj;jhkiu 12. ifkyh; 15. gjtpthd; 16. Gak; nghd; 18. nkhopaKJ 20. kjp tpsf;F

5. csf; Nfhapy; 7. fsp nts;sk; 9. kdf; Fuq;F 11. nkhopj;Njd; 13. ehaff; flTs; 15. jkpo; md;id 17. nkhopj; jha; 19. jq;fj; Njhzp

21. khdpl rKj;jpuk; 22. Qhdf; fz; 23. GUt tpy; 25. gdpg; Nghh;it 27. mb kyh; 29. ruz fkyk; 31. rj;jpaj;jP 33. nry;tr; nrtpyp 24. tpuy; G+ 26. fufkyk; 28. ghjkyh; 30. grpg;gpzp 32. jpiuf;if

23. ms ngil nra;Aspy; ,yf;fzg; gpio Vw;gLk; nghOJk; my;yJ ,ir Fd;Wk; nghOJk;> ,dpa Xirf;fhf neby; caph; vOj;Jf;fs; VOk; (M><>C>V>I>X>xs) msG vLf;Fk;. ,jw;F msngil vd;W ngah;. ms ngil ,U tifg;gLk; mit 1. caph; msngil 2. xw;ws ngil 1. caph; msngil ,J %d;W tifg;gLk;. 1. ,ir epiw my;yJ nra;Aspir ms ngil 2. ,d;dpir msngil 3. nrhy;ypir ms ngil 1. ,ir epiw msngil my;yJ nra;Aspir msngil

61 ,yf;fzg;gpio - ,ir my;yJ mir FiwAkplj;J msngLg;gJ (v.L) 1. ngwh m 3. nt& ck; 5. cwh mik 2. njhoh mh; 4. flh m 6. Xxjy;

ew;whs; njhoh mh; vdpy; njhoh mh; - ,ir epiw my;yJ nra;Aspir msngil 2. ,d;dpir msngil

Xir my;yJ ,ir my;yJ mir Fiwahky; ,Ue;jhYk; ,dpa Xirf;fhf msntLg;gJ. (v.L) nfLg;gJ}ck; nfl;lhh;f;Fr; rhh; tha; kw;whq;Nf vLg;gJ}ck; vy;yhk; kio - Fws; nfLg;gJ}ck; vLg;gJ}ck; 3. nrhy;ypir msngil ngah;r; nrhy; tpidnar;rg; nghUs; je;J tUtJ , my;yJ ,a vd KbtJ. (v.L) cuidr vd;gJ cuidr , vd;Wk;> epiy vd;gJ epiy ,a vd;Wk; kw;Wk; nfoP,a> j oP ,a vd;w tifapy; nrhw;fs; tUtJ nrhy;ypir msngilahFk;. 2. xw;ws ngil nka;naOj;J msntLj;J tUtJ. (v.L) 1. muq;q;fk; 2. fyq;q;F neQ;rkpy;iy 3. fz;zd; fUtpis - ,d;dpir msngil

24. Nghyp xU nrhy;ypy; xd;W> ,uz;L my;yJ %d;W vOj;Jf;fs; khwpNah my;yJ ,y;yhkNyh ,Ue;jhYk; nghUs; khwhky; ,Uf;Fk; tifapy; miktJ Nghyp vdg;gLk;. mfk; - mfd; ,ld; - ,lk; - filg; Nghyp; murd; - miurd; - ,ilg; Nghyp Kfk; - Kfd; ge;jy; - ge;jh; filg; Nghyp

ikay; - kay; - Kjw; Nghyp Ie;J - mQ;R md;dk; - mdk; Kw;Wg; Nghyp ,ilf; Fiu

Kd;wpy; - ,y; Kd; - ,yf;fzg; Nghyp cs;@h; - Ch; cs; 25. k&c xU nrhy; fhyg; Nghf;fpy; kUtp (cU khwp) tUtJ (v.L)

62 ngah; ngaud; jQ;rhT+h; Ngh; Ngud; jQ;ir

nrd;dg; gl;lzk; - nrd;id NfhaKj;J}h; 26. jFjp tof;F nghpath;fsplk; NgRk nghOJ jFjpahd nrhw;fisg; gad;gLj;jpg; NgRtJ jFjp tof;Fvdg;gLk;. mit> 1. kq;fyk; 2. ,lf; fulf;fy; 3. F * cf; Fwp vd %d;W tifg;gLk;. 1. kq;fyk; Nfhit jpUr;rp

jpUr;rpuhg;gs;sp -

mkq;fyk; Fwpf;Fk; nrhy;iy kq;fykhf;fpf; Fwpg;gpLtJ. (v.L) 1.nts;shL 2. JQ;rpdhh; 3. kiwe;jhh; 4. jtwptpl;lhh; 2. ,lf;fhlf;fy; 1. fhiyf; fld; Kbj;J th 2. fhy; fOtp 3. F*cf; Fwp xU FOtpdh;; kl;LNk mwpe;J nfhs;Sk; tifapy; rpy nraw;fSf;F mf;FOtpdh; nghUs; mikg;gJ. (v.L) nghw; nfhy;yh;fs; jq;fj;ij gwp vd;W miog;ghh;fs;. 28. tO mikjp

,yf;fz tifapy; jtwhf ,Ue;jhYk; rhpahd nghUs; jUtJ. ,J jpiz> ghy;> vz; fhyk; vdg; gytifapYk; tUk;.

(v.L) 1. fhy tO mikjp tpiuT fhuzkhfj; jd; ez;gdplk; xUtd; ehd; tpiutpy; tUNtd; vd;W nrhy;tjw;Fg; gjpy; ,Njh te;J tpl;Nld; vd;W $WtJ. 2. jpiz tO mikjp jd; kfis je;ij mJ NgrpaJ vd;W $WtJ. 28. cUG kaf;fk; (v.L) fhyj;jhy; nra;j cjtp rpwpnjdpDk;

63 Qhyj;jpd; khzg; nghpJ - Fws; fhyj;jpy; (7k; Ntw;Wik cUG) vd;W ,Ug;gjw;Fk; gpd; fhyj;jhy; (3-k; Ntw;Wik cUG) fye;J te;jhYk; nghUs; khwhky; tUtJ. mjhtJ 7-k; Ntw;Wik cUGr; nrhy; tu Ntz;ba ,lj;jpy; 3-k; Ntw;Wik cUGr; nrhy; te;jpUg;gjhy; ,J cUG kaf;fk; vd;W $wg;gLk;.

17. tpilf;Nfw;w tpdhitj; Njh;e;njLj;jy; 1. Kad;why; KbahjJ ,y;iy (m) Kad;why; KbahNjh (M) Kad;why; KbahjJ cz;Nlh (,) Kad;why; KbahjJ ,y;iyNah (<) Kad;why; KbANkh tpil (M) 2. ts;Stiu midtUk; mwpth; m. ts;Stiu mwpahjhh; ahh;? M. ts;Stiu mwpahjhh; csNuh?

64 ,. ts;Stiu midtUk; mwptuh? <. ts;Sth; midtuhYk; mwpag;gl;ltuh? tpil ( m) 3. jpUf;Fwspy; %d;W ghy;fs; cs;sd m. jpUf;Fwspy; vj;jid ghy;fs; cs;sd? M. jpUf;Fwspy; cs;s ghy;fs; vt;tsT? ,. jpUf;Fwspy; %d;W ghy;fs; cs;sdth? <. jpUf;Fwspy; cs;s ghy;fs; vd;d? tpil (m) 4. ek;gpahz;lhh; ek;gp vOjpa E}y; jpUj; njhz;lh; jpUte;jhjp m. ek;gpahz;lhh; ek;gp vOjpa e}y; vJ? M. jpUj; njhz;lh; jpUte;jhjp vd;w E}iy ,aw;wpath; ahh;? ,. ahuhy; jpUj; njhz;lh; jpUte;jhjp vOjg;gl;lJ. <. ek;gpahz;lhh; ek;gp ve;nje;j E}y;fis vOjpdhh;. tpil (m) 5. fhw;iw khRgLj;Jgit njhopw;rhiyfSk; Nghf;Ftuj;J rhjdq;fSk; MFk;. m. njhopw;rhiyfs; fhw;iw khRgLj;Jfpd;wdth? M. fhw;iw khR gLj;Jgth; ahh;? ,. fhw;iw khRgLj;Jgit vit? <. fhw;iw khR gLj;Jgit vJ? tpil (,) 6. rpyg;gjpfhuk; ehlff; fhg;gpak; vdg; Nghw;wg;gLfpwJ. m. rpyg;gjpfhuk; ahuhy; ,aw;wg;gl;lJ ? M. rpyg;gjpfhuk; vq;fdk; Nghw;wg;gLfpwJ? ,. rpyg;gjpfhuk; vj;jifa fUj;Jf;fis $WfpwJ? <. rpyg;gjpfhuk; rkzh; fhg;gpakh? tpil (M) 7. %d;W khzth; Kjyplk; ngw;wdh; m. vt;tsT Ngh; Kjyplk; ngw;wdh;? M. Kjyplk; ngw;wth; ;ahh;? ,. vj;jid khzth; Kjyplk; ngw;wdh;? <. Kjyplk; ngw;wth; %d;W Nguh? tpil (,) 8. jkpo; ehl;bd; jiyefuk; nrd;id?

65 m. jkpo; ehl;bd; jiyefuk; vJ? M. nrd;id vjw;Fj; jiyefuk;? ,. jkpo; ehl;bd; jiyefuk; nrd;id jhdh? <. jkpo; ehl;bd; jiyefuk; vq;F cs;sJ?

tpil (m) 9. njhLg;Ngd; vd;w tpilf;F tpdh Njh;f. m. nghd;dp G+ njhLg;ghah? vg;NghJ? M. nghd;dp G+ njhLg;ghah? ,. nghd;dp G+ ,g;NghJ nfhLg;ghah? <. . nghd;dp G+itj; njhLf;fpwhah? ,y;iyah? tpil (M) 10. Mk; jkpo; khzth;fs; xOf;fk; cilath;fs; m. jkpo; khzth;fs; xOf;fk; cilath;fsh? M. Vd; jkpo; khzth;fs; xOf;fk; cilath;fs;? ,. vg;gb jkpo; khzth;fs; xOf;fk; cilath;fs;? <. jkpo; khzth;fs; xOf;fk; cilath;fs; ,y;iyah? tpil (m)

18. vt;tif thf;fpa nkdf; fz;lwpjy;

thf;fpa tiffs; 1. nra;jp thf;fpak; 2. fl;lis thf;fpak; (tpioT thf;fpak;) 3. czh;r;rp thf;fpak; 4. cld;ghl;L thf;fpak; 5. vjph; kiw thf;fpak; 6. Neh; $w;W thf;fpak; 7. maw; $w;W thf;fpak; 8. jdp thf;fpak; 9. njhlh; thf;fpak;

66 10. fyit thf;fpak; 11. tpdh thf;fpak; 1. nra;jp thf;fpak;

,jpy; xU nra;jp mlq;fpapUf;Fk; (v.L) i. Fkud; Njh;jypy; ntw;wp ngw;whh;; ii. Kaw;rp jpUtpid Mf;Fk; vd;gJ Md;Nwhh; nkhop 2. fl;lis thf;fpak;

tpioT> Ntz;LNfhs;> tho;j;jy;> itjy; mlq;fpapUf;Fk;. (v.L) vy;NyhUk; tPl;Lf;fzf;F nra;J tUf. 3. czhr;;rp thf;fpak; Jd;gk;> tpag;G> mr;rk;> kfpo;r;rp jypa czh;fisf; Fwpg;gJ. (v.L) vd;Nd kiyapd; moF ! 4. cld; ghl;L thf;fpak; nray; epfo;tijf; fhl;LtJ (v.L) 1. khzth;fs; tpisahbdh; 2. ey;y Fzj;ijahtUk; Nghw;Wth; 5. vjph; kiw thf;fpak;

(v.L) tujd; gs;spf;Fr; nry;ytpy;iy 6. Neh; $w;W thf;fpak; ehis ehd; ntspA+h; nry;Ntd; vd rq;fu; nrhd;dd; 7. may; $w;W thf;fpak; (v.L) kWehs; jhd; ntspA+h; nry;tjhf rq;fud; $wpdhd; 8. jdp thf;fpak; xU vOtha; my;yJ xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l vOtha; xU gadpidia kl;Lk; nfhz;L tUtJ (v.L) 1. % Nte;jh;fs; jkpofj;ij Mz;ldh; 2. Nru> Nrho> ghz;bah;fs; jkpofj;ij Mz;ldh;. 3. ghpjp khw; fiyQh; jkpo; czh;it tsh;j;jhh;

9. njhlh; thf;fpak; i. jdp thf;fpaq;fs; gy njhlh;e;J tUtJ ii. xU vOtha; gy gadpiyfisf; nfhz;L tUk; (v.L) murd; fiyQidf; fz;lhd;; mtiu tuNtw;whd;> ghpR mspj;jhd;; 10. fyit thf;fpak; xU Kjd;ik thf;fpak; xU Jiz thf;fpaj;Jld; Nrh;e;Jk; my;yJ xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l Jiz thf;fpaq;fSld; Nrh;e;Jk; tUtJ. (v.L) ahh; fLikahf coif;fpwhh;fNsh mth;fs; tho;tpy; Kd;NdWthh;fs;. 11. tpdh thf;fpak; tpdhg; nghUs; jUk; thf;fpak; tpdh thf;fpak; MFk;. 1. mtDf;F ePe;jj; njhpAkh?

67 2. Njh;tpy; vy;NyhUk; ntw;wp ngw Kbahjh? nghJ vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfs;

vt;tif thf;fpankdf; fz;lwpjy; 1.ed;ik tsh;f m. tpioT thf;fpak; M. nra;jp thf;fpak; ,. fl;lis thf;fpak; <. cld;ghl;L thf;fpak; tpil - tpioT thf;fpak; (m) 2. kio nga;jikahy; Ml;lk; epd;wJ - fyit thf;fpak; 3. vd;Nd flypd; moF - czh;r;rp thf;fpak; 4. jpUts;Sth; jpUf;Fwis ,aw;wpdhh; - nra;jp thf;fpak; 5. Re;juk; mauhJ gbj;J Njh;tpy; ntw;wp ngw;whd; - fyit thf;fpak; 6. kz kf;fs; gjpdhWk; ngw;W ngU tho;T tho;f - czhr;rp thf;fpak; 7. Cf;fkJ iftpNly; - fl;lis thf;fpak; 8. Ntyd; filf;Fr; nrd;whd;> Gj;jfk; thq;fpdhd;> ed;F gbj;jhd;> Njh;tpy; ntw;wp mile;jhd; njhlh; thf;fpak;

9. xUtiuAk; nghy;yhq;F nrhy;y Ntz;lhk; - fl;lis thf;fpak; 10. ,sikapy; fy; - fl;lis thf;fpak; 11. ehL cau Ntz;Lk;. mjw;F ehl;L kf;fs; xw;WikAld; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; - njhlh; thf;fpak; 12. ey;yNj nra; - fl;lis thf;fpak; 13. je;ij kfDf;F xOf;fj;ijf; fw;gpj;jhh; - nra;tpid thf;fpak; 14. ghujpahh; jkpo; czh;it tsh;j;jhh; - jdp thf;fpak; 15. vd;W xopAk; ,e;j Fbapd; Nkhfk;? - tpdh thf;fpak; 16. Gyth;fs; murh;fisg; Gfo;e;J ghb ghpR ngw;wdh; - fyit thf;fpak; 17. ehk; tho;tpy; cau ciof;f Ntz;Lk; - jdp thf;fpak; 18. ,sikapy; fw;f Ntz;Lk;. - nra;jp thf;fpak;

68

19. jd; tpid> gpw tpid> nra;tpid nra;aghl;L tpid fz;L vOJjy; 1. jd; tpid

vOtha; (fh;j;jh;) jhNd nraiyr; nra;jy; (v.L) 1. mtd; mlq;fpdhd; 2. fjputd; Xbdhd; 3. mtd; fz;lhd; 4. Nte;jd;Mizapl;lhd;

69 5. ,sq;Nfh ftpij vOjpdhd; 6. md;id Foe;ijf;F czit Cl;bdhd; 7. mth; khzth;fsplk; ed;F gofpdhh;;. 2. gpwtpid vOtha; xU nraiyg; gpwiuf; nfhz;L na;tJ (v.L) 1. fhpfhyd; fy;yiziaf; fl;Ltpj;jhd; 2. ,tdJ kdj;ijj; jpUj;jpdhd; 3. nry;tp nghk;ik nra;tpj;jhs; 4. ehd; fw;gpj;Njd; 5. mtd; Nghh;f;fiy gapw;Wtpj;jhd; 3. nra;tpid xU njhlh; (thf;fpak;) vOtha;> nra;ag;gL nghUs;> gadpiy vd;w tbtpy; ,Uj;jy; (v.L) 1. Mrphpah; khztidg; ghuhl;bdhd; 2. mtd; jpUf;Fws; gbj;jhd; 3. jpU.tp.f. jkpo; czh;it tsh;j;jhh; 4. nrag;ghl;Ltpid xU njhlhpy; (thf;fpaj;jpy;) nrag;gL nghUs; vOthahf khwp tUkhW mikg;gJ. (v.L) tPL vd;dhy; thq;fg;gl;lJ. kfs; jhahy; ghuhl;lg;gl;lhs; nghJthd vLj;Jf; fhl;Lfs;

1.fPo;f;fz;ltw;wpy; jd; tpid thf;fpak; vJ? m. khjtd; jpUj;jpdhd; M. khjtd; jpUe;jpdhd; ,. khjtd; cUl;bdhd; <. khjtd; fw;gpj;jhd; tpil (M) khjtd; jpUe;jpdhd; 1.mkh;e;jhd; vd;gJ m. gpwtpid M. jd;tpid ,. Fwpg;G tpid <. nra;tpid tpil (M) jd;tpid

3. ghlk; gapy; - ,jd; gpwtpid vd;d ghlk; gapw;W

4. nra;tpid thf;fpak; fhz;f. m. ghlk; Nfhtpe;jdhy; gbf;fg;gl;lJ. M. Nfhtpe;jd; ghlk; gbj;jhd; ,. Nfhtpe;jd; ghlk; gbj;jhdh? <. Nfhtpe;jd; ghlk; gbg;gpj;jhd; tpil (M) Nfhtpe;jd; ghlk; gbj;jhd; 5. ghpR mikr;ruhy; toq;fg;gl;lJ - nrag;ghl;L tpid

70 6. jd; tpid vJ? m. gbj;J> M. gapy; tpj;jhd; ,. tUtpj;jhd; <. gapd;whd; tpil( <.) gapd;whd; 7. gpwtpid Njh;f m. Mbdhd; M. Njbdhd; ,. jpUe;jpdhd; <> fw;gpj;jhd; tpil (<) - fw;gpj;jhd; 8. ,sq;Nfh mbfs; rpyg;gjpfhuj;ij ,aw;wpdhh; - vt;tif thf;fpak;? tpil nra;tpid

20. ctikahy; tpsf;fg; ngUk; nghUs; 1. Gypf;Fg; gpwe;jJ G+idahFkh vd;gJ Nghy 2. FUl;Lg; G+id tpl;lj;jpy; gha;e;jJ Nghy - ,yf;F mw;w nray; 3. Gypiag; ghh;j;J G+id #L Nghl;Lf; nfhz;lJ Nghy - jFjpf;F kPwpa Mir 4. vypAk; G+idAk; Nghy - gif> tpNuhjk; 5. Fl;b Nghl;l G+id Nghy tk;rk;

71 - miyjy; 6. G+id tha; vyp Nghy - Jd;gk; 7. G+idf;Fk; Njhod; ghYf;Fk; fhty; vd;gJ Nghy - Neh;ikaw;w epiy 8. kjpy; Nky; G+id Nghy - cWjp ,y;yhik 9. FUld; ifapy; fpilj;j tpyhq;F Nghy - vjph; ghuhj mjph;\lk; 10.MLfpw khl;il Mbf; fw;f;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ Nghy - mZF Kiw 11. fz;zpik Nghyf; fhj;jhd; - ghJfhg;G 12. ffz;iz tpw;W rpj;jpuk; thq;FtJ Nghy - Mjhakw;w nray; 13. mw;w Fsj;jpy; mu ePh;g; gwit Nghy; - jtpg;G 14. Js;Sfpw khL nghjp Rkf;Fk; vd;gJ Nghy - mlf;fkpd;ik 15. ful;L fhl;bw;F Kul;b kz; ntl;b vd;gJ Nghy - jFe;j Njh;T 16. ahidg; grpf;F Nrhsg; nghwp vd;gJ Nghy - Njitahd msT fpl;lhik 17. ahid jd; jiyapy; kz; thhpg; Nhgl;lJ Nghy - jdf;Fj; Jd;gk; jhNd NjLtJ 18. tps;fpy; tpOfpd;w tpl;by; G+r;rp Nghy - mwpahik 19. rhJ kpuz;lhy; fhL nfhs;shJ vd;gJ Nghy - fl;Lf; flq;fhj nray; 20. thioj; Njhl;lj;jpy; ahid GFe;jJ Nghy - mopT 21. ntz;fyf; filapy; ahid GFe;jJ Nghy - Mh;g;ghl;lKk; mopTk; 22. cg;igj; jpd;wtd; jz;zPh; Fbg;ghd; vd;gJ Nghy - jtiw kiwf;f KbahJ 23. muz;ltd; fz;zpw;F ,Uz;l njy;yhk; Nga; vd;gJ Nghy - Nfhioj;jdk;

24. fOijf;Fj; njhpAkh fw;G+uthil vd;gJ Nghy - mwptpd;ik 25. typa tUk; rPNjtpiaf; fhyhy; cijg;gJ Nghy - tha;g;gig; gad;gLj;jhky; cjhrPdk; nra;jy; 26. kiyiaf; fps;sp vypiag; gpbg;gJ Nghy - Mjha kw;w nray; 27. Rz;ilf;fha; fhy; gzk; Rik $yp Kf;fhy; gzk; - jtph;f;f Kbahj nryT

72 28. ifapy; ntz;nza; itj;Jf; nfhz;L nea;f;F miytJ Nghy - kjpapd;ik 29. mbaw;w kuk; Nghy - tpOjy; 30. mfo;thiuj; jhq;Fk; epyk; Nghy - nghWj;jy; 31. mLj;jJ fhl;Lk; gspq;F Nghy - cs;Szh;it ntspg;gLj;Jjy; 32. mhpnahL mhpapdk; mlh;g;g Nghy - kd;dh;fNshL kd;dh;fs; Nghh; Ghpjy; 33. miy fly; gl;l JUk;g Nghy - Jd;gk; 34. mj;jp G+j;jJ Nghy - fhz;gjw;F mhpJ 35. md;dk; Nghd;w - eil 36. mr;rpy; thh;j;jJ Nghy - cUtj;jpy; ,uz;Lk; xU khjphp ,Uj;jy; 37. miz fle;j nts;sk; Nghy - Ntfk; 38. Mg;G mirj;j Fuq;F Nghy - rpf;Fjy; 39. Miyapy; mfg;gl;l fUk;G Nghy - Jd;gk; 40. Mid thapy; Nghd fUk;G Nghy - Vkhw;wk; 41. ,yT fhj;j fpsp Nghy- Vkhw;wk; 42. ,z&o;j;Jk; ehwh kyuidah; - tphpj;Jiuf;f ,ayhjhh; 43. ,Ujiyf; nfhs;sp vUk;G Nghy - jtpg;G 44. ,iy kiw fha; Nghy; - kiw nghUs; 45. ,b Nahir Nfl;l ehfk; Nghy; - mr;rk; 46. ,Q;rp jpd;w Fuq;F Nghy - Ntjid 47. cs;sq;if ney;ypf; fdp Nghy - njspT 48. cLf;if ,oe;jtd; if Nghy - el;G 49. capUk; clYk; Nghy - ghrg; gpizg;G 50. CrpAk; E}Yk; Nghy - ,iz gphpahik 51. Cik fz;l fdT Nghy - $w ,ayhik 52. CUzp ePh epiwe;jw;Nw- ngUe;jd;ik cilath; nry;tk; 53. vhpfpd;w nfhs;spapy; vz;izia tpl;lJ Nghy - Jd;gk; 54. vhp Kd; itj;J}W Nghy - mopT epr;rak; 55. Vwpa Vzpia vl;b cijj;jhs;- ed;wpapd;ik 56. xUikAs; Mik Nghy; Ie;jlq;f - mlf;fk; 57. xU ehs; $j;Jf;F kpir vLj;jJ Nghy - tPz; nray; 58. flypy; fiue;j ngUq;fhak; Nghy - gadw;wJ 59. fz;izf; fl;b fhl;by; tpl;lJ Nghy - jLkhw;wk; 60. fUlizf; fz;l ghk;G Nghy - mr;rk; 61. fdpapUg;gf; fhiaj; jpd;wJ Nghy - fLQ; nrhy; $WtJ 62. fiuahd; Gw;wpy; fU ehfk; GFe;jJ Nghy - mj;J kPwy; 63. fapW mWe;j gl;lk; Nghy - jtpg;G 64. fthpkhd; Nghy - khdk; 65. fz; nfl;l gpwF #hpa ek];fhuk; Nghy - fhyq;fle;J czh;jy; 66. nfhy;yd; njUtpy; Crp tpw;gJ Nghy - gazpd;ik 67. fpzW ntl;l G+jk; fpok;gpaJ Nghy - vjph;ghuj jPik 68. Fd;wpd; Nkypl;l tpsf;F - Gfopd; cah;T 69. Flj;jpypl;l tpsf;F Nghy - kiwT> mlf;fk;

73 70. Fk;gplg; Nghd nja;tk; FWf;Nf te;jJ Nghy - tpUk;gpath; vjpNu tUtJ 71. Fuq;F if G+khiy Nghy - jFjpaw;wthplk; gjtp 72. Flk; ghypy; Jsp tp\k; Nghy - jPik fyj;jy; 73. $h;ikaNuDk; kuk; Nghy;th; - gz; gpy;yhjty; 74. fpzw;Wj; jtis Nghy - mwpahik 75. Nfhlhhpf; fhk;G Nghy - jd; ,dj;ijNa mopg;gJ 76. rh;f;fiug; ge;jypy; Njd; kio Nghy - ed;wha; mikjy; 77. #hpaidf; fz;l gdp Nghy - Jd;gk; tpyFjy; 78. #hpaidg; ghh;j;J eha; Fiuj;jJ Nghy - gadw;wJ 79. #hpaidf; ifahy; kiwg;gJ Nghy - ,ayhj fhhpak; 80. #hpaidf; fz;l jhkiu Nghy - Kf kyh;r;rp 81. Nrhw;wpy; Kisj;j nre;jhkiu Nghy - Fbg; gpwg;gpy; Nkd;ik 82. nrtpld; fhjpy; Cjpa rq;F Nghy - gadpd;ik 83. Rk;kh fple;j rq;if Cjpf; nfLj;jJ Nghy; - Ntz;lhj nray; 84. rpt G+irapy; fub Nghy - Njitaw;w tuT 85. jhkiu ,iyj; jz;zPh; Nghy - gl;Lk; glhky; ,Uj;jy; 86. jhkiu Nghd;w - Kfk; 87. jhDUfp xsp jUk; nkOF Nghy - jpahfk; 88. njhl;b ePyj;jpy; Rz;zhk;G frpe;jJ Nghy - fl;bUs; ntspr;rj;jhy; ePq;Fjy; 89. jhd; Mlhtpl;lhYk; jd; jir MLk; vd;gJ Nghy - ghrk; 90. jpUlDf;F Njs; nfhl;baJ Nghy - nrhy;y Kbahj Ntjid 91. jhiaf; fz;l Nriag; Nghy - kd MWjy; 92. ghk;Gk; fPHpAk; Nghy - gif 93. gR kuj;jhzp Nghy - ,sikapy; fy;tp vspjhfg; gjpjy; 94. gpQ;rpNy gOj;jJ Nghy - mjpfg; gpurq;fp 95. gd;wpAld; Nrh;e;j fd;W Nghy - $lh el;G 96. ghk;gpd; tha;j; Njiu Nghy - Jd;gk; 97. gRj; Njhy; Nghh;j;jpa Gyp Nghy - ea tQ;rfk; 98. Gw;wPry; Nghy - ngUf;fj;jpd; kpFjp 99. G+ NthL Nrh;e;j ehiug; Nghy - ey;yhUld; ,zq;fpajhy; ngUik 100. Gidah Xtpak; Nghy - moF 101. kyUk; kzKk; Nghy - ,iz gphpah jpUj;jy; 102. kz;Zf;Fs; kiwe;jpUf;Fk; ePiug; Nghy - khe;jUf;Fs; xspe;jpUf;Fk; jpwd; 103. kpd;dhky; ,b ,bj;jJ - vjph;ghuhj Jf;f nra;jp 104. kz; Fjpiuia ek;gp Mw;wpy; ,wq;fpaJ Nghy - gadpd;ik 105. Kltd; nfhk;g NjDf;F Mirg;gl;lJ Nghy; - ,ayhj nray; 106. KOg; G+rzpf; fhiar; Nrhw;wpy; kiwg;gJ Nghy - ,ayhj nray;> Ntbf;if 107. kio Kfk; fhzh gaph; Nghy - tUj;jk;> thl;lk; 108. kil jpwe;j nts;sk; Nghy - tpiuT 109. nkhl;ilj; jiyf;Fk; Koq;fhYf;Fk; Kb NghLtJ Nghy - nghUj;jkw;w nray; 110. epyj; Jiwe;jhd; if gpioahjw;W - NfL 111. EzYk; jd; thahw; nfLk; ,jpy; E}zy; - mwptpyp 112. efKk; rijAk; Nghy - xw;Wik 113. etpy; njhWk; E}y; eak; NghYk; - gz;Gilahsh; njhlh;G 114. eha; ngw;w njq;fk; gok; Nghd;W - fUkpaplk; cs;s gzk; ahUf;Fk; gad;glhJ 115. E}Yk; kzpAk; Nghy - el;G

74 116. ahidahy; ahid ahj;jw;W - xU nraiyr; nra;J kw;nwhU nraiy Kbj;jy; 117. tsh;gpiw Nghy - tsh;jy; 118. NtypNa gapiu Nka;e;jJ Nghy - JNuhfk; 119. ts;Sfph;g; Gyp nayhk; xU topg; GFe;j Nghy - gilfnsy;yhk; Nghh; Nkw; nfhs;Sjy; 120. nte;j Gz;zpy; Nth; gha;jy; - ngUe;Jd;gk; 121. ePh; Nky; vOj;J Nghy - epiyaw;wJ 122. ntz;nza; ,Uf;f nea;f;F miyjy; Nghy; - Nrhk;gy; 123. ntz;nza; jpuSk; NghJ jhop cile;jJ Nghy - vjph;ghuhj Vkhw;wk; 124. tsh;j;j flh khh;gpy; gha;e;jJ Nghy - JNuhfk; 125. tpoYf;F ,iwj;j ePh; Nghy - tpiuak; 126. ePUf;Fs; ghrp Nghy - jFjpaw;wtd; el;G 127. Mapuk; fhyj;Jg; gaph; - ePz;l fhyj;jpw;FhpaJ 128. Vl;Lr; Riuf;fha; fwpf; FjthJ - gl;lwpT ,y;yhj gbg;gwpT 129. vLg;ghh; ifg;gps;is - ,lj;jpw;Fj; jf;f elj;jy; 130. mtiy epidj;J cuiy ,bj;jy; - vz;zKk; nraYk; xj;J tuhik 131. Kjiyf; fz;zPh; - ngha;aOif 132. mtruf; FLf;if - vz;zpj;Jzpahjth; 133. Mfhaj; jhkiu - ,y;yhj xd;W 134. fk;gp ePl;ly; - nrhy;ypf; nfhs;shky; nry;yy; 135. jhsk; NghLjy; - vijr; nrhd;dhYk; mg;gbNa vLj;Jf; nfhs;Sjy;. 136. jhdy; ePh; - ,Ug;gJ Nghy; Njhd;Wk; Mdhy; ,uhJ. 137. gQ;rha;g; gwj;jy; - miye;J jphpjy; 138. Fl;br; Rth; - gadpd;wp ,Uj;jy;

21. Nkhid> vJif> ,iaG ,tw;wpy; VNjDk; xd;iwj; Njh;e;njLj;jy;

Nkhid

Kjy; vOj;J xd;wp tUtJ Nkhid vdg;gLk; ,uz;lhtJ vOj;J xd;wptUtJ vJif vdg;gLk;.

75 rPh;fspd; Kjy; vOj;J xd;wp tUtJ rPh; Nkhid mbfspy; Kjy; vOj;J xd;wp tUtJ mb Nkhid rPh;fspy; ,uz;lhk; vOj;J xd;wp tUtJ rPh; vJif mbfspy; ,uz;lhk; vOj;J xd;wp tUtJ mb vJif - MFk;.

xU mbapy; filrp vOj;Njh my;yJ nrhy;Nyh my;yJ mirNth xd;wptUtJ ,iaG vdg;gLk;. rPh;fspy; tUtJ rPh; ,iaG mbfspy; tUtJ mb ,izG (v.L) 1. Ntz;ljy; Ntz;lhik ,yhd; mb Nrh;e;jhh;f;F ahz;Lk; ,Lk;ig ,y; Nkhid Ntz;Ljy; - Ntz;lhik

2. Nkhidj; njhlh; mike;j nrhw;nwhliuj; Njh;f. m. itif Vl;bNy jto;e;j Ngij M. jPJk; ed;Wk; gpwh; ju thuh ,. rhd;Nwhd; Mf;Fjy; je;ijf;Fk; flNd <. fz;Zk; fUj;Jkha; fiyfisf; fhj;jhd; tpil (<) 3. vJif

fw;f frlw fw;git fw;wgpd; epw;f mjw;Fj; jf - Fws; fw;f - fw;git - fw;wgpd; rPh; - vJif fw;f - epw;f - mb vJif vJifj; njhiliaf; fhz;f jhshz;ik vd;Dk; jifikf; fz; jq;fp;w;Nw Ntshz;ik vd;Dk; nrUf;F m. jhshz;ik - jifikf;fz; M. jhshz;ik - Ntshz;ik ,. jifikf;fz; - jq;fpw;Nw <. Ntshz;ik - nrUf;F tpil (M) jhshz;ik - Ntshz;ik

4. Nkhidr; nrhw;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf. m. mike;j - Vw;wk; M. fz;lhh; - Nghdhh; ,. vLj;j - vLg;gpy; <. epd;W - nrd;whh; tpil (,)

76 vLj;j vLg;gpy; 5. vJifiaf; fhz;f. m. nrhy;Yf - nty;Yf

M. mr;nrhyp - gpwp njhd;W ,. tpiue;j <. gyh; 6. vJifiaf; fhz;f m. mwNthh;f;F - JwNthh;f;F M. mspj;jYk; - vjph;j;jYk; ,. me;jdh; - njhy; Nghh; <. Xk;gpd; - rpwg;gpd; tpil (m) mw Nthh;f;F - Jw Nthh;f;F 7. ,iaG fz;lwpf - Qhdk; - kd;wk;

tpil (m) - nrhy;Yf nty;Yf

m. epyj;jpdpNy - kPjpdpNy M. jj;Jt ,. Qhdk; <. epd;W tpil (m) epyj;jpdpNy kPjpdpNy 8. mb ,iaG fz;lwpf kq;fy xypfs; Koq;fpd vq;Fk; khtpiyj; Njhuzk; ,yq;fpd vq;Fk; m. kq;fy xypfs; - vq;Fk; M. khtpiy - ,yq;fpd; ,. Njhuzk; - kq;fy xypfs; <. Koq;fpd vq;Fk; - ,yq;fpd vq;Fk; tpil (<) Koq;fpd vq;Fk; - ,yq;fpd vq;Fk; 9. ,iaGj; njhil mwpf. - rj;jpa - Ngjk; - epyj;jpdpNy

m. md;G - mUs; M. mUs; - ciu ,. epiu - md;G <. ciuf; fy;yha; - epiuapy;yha; tpil (<) ciuf; fy;yha; - epiuapy;yha;

22. tpdh tpil

1. ghtifahy; ngah; ngw;w E}y; vJ? - ghpghly; 2. jkpopd; Kjy; ,irg; ghly; vJ?

77 - ghpghly; 3. cyfpd; Njhw;wk; Fwpj;Jf; $Wk; E}y; vJ? - ghpghly; 4. VW jOTjy; gw;wpf; $Wk; E}y; fypj; njhif 2. FlNthiyj; Njh;jy; Fwpj;jf; $Wk; E}y; - mfehD}W 3. filNaO ts;sy;fisg; gw;wpf; $Wk; E}y; - rpWghzhw;Wg; gil 4. muz;kid mikg;igg; gw;wpf; $Wk; E}y; vJ - neLey; thil 5. gopndz; fPo;f; fzf;F E}y;fspy; cs;s xNu njhif E}y; vJ? ehybahh;

6. gopndz; fPo;f; fzf;F E}y;fspy; Gwg; nghUs; gw;wpf; $Wk; xNu E}y; vJ? fs top ehw;gJ

7. kUe;jpd; ngauhy; ngah; ngw;w E}y; vJ? -jphpfLfk; 11. gjp ndz; fPo;f; fzf;F E}y;fSs; tuyhw;iw kpFjpahfj; jUk; E}y; vJ? - gonkhop ehD}W 12. gjpndd; fPo;f;fzf;F E}y;fspy; ,UE}y;fs; vOjpath; ahh; ? - fzp Nkjhtpahh; 1. Vyhjp 2. jpiz khiy E}w;iwk;gJ 13. Fz;ly Nfrpf;F vjpuhfr; nra;ag;gl;l E}y; vJ? - ePy Nfrp 14. ngz;zpd; ngUikiag; NgRk; E}y; - ngz; kjpkhiy 15. ehl;Lg; Gwg; ghly;fSf;F rpwg;Gj; je;J Kjypy; ghbath; - ,sq;Nfhtbfs; 16. jpUehTf;fuRf;F mg;gh; vd;w ngaiuf; nfhLj;jth; ahh; - jpUQhd rk;ge;jh; 17. NjhLila nrtpypad; NtAW Njhop gq;fd vdg;ghbath; - Qhd rk;ge;jh; 18. Mjp rq;fuuhy; jpuhtpl rpR vdg; Gfog;gl;lth; ahh;? - Qhd rk;ge;jh; 19. Ntj newp jioj;Njhq;f kpF irtj;Jiw tpsq;fj; Njhd;wpath; vd;W Qhd rk;ge;jiug; Gfo;e;jth; ahh; - Nrf;fpohh; 20. ,iwtidNa kidtpaplk; J}J mDg;gpath; ahh;? Re;juh; 21. gpj;jh gpiw#b ngUk;khNd ghly; ghbath; ahh;? Re;juh;

22. jpUkq;if Mo;thUld; njhlh;G nfhz;bue;j irtrkaf; Futh;fs; ehy;thpd; xUth; ahh;? Re;juh; 23. Kjyhk; kNfe;jpu th;kiz rkz rkaj;jpypUe;J irt kjj;jpw;F khw;wpath; ahh;? 24. Kjy; rpj;j E}y; vJ - jpUke;jpuk; 25. Nahf newpiaf; $Wk; jkpodpd; xNu E}y; vJ? jpUke;jpuk; 26. irt rpj;jhe;jk; vd;w njhlh; Kjd; Kjypy; ,lk; ngw;w E}y; vJ? jpUke;jpuk; jpUehTf;furh;

27. mejhjp khiy vd;w rpw;wpyf;fpa tifiaj; njhlq;fp itj;jth; ahh;? - fhiuf;fhy; mk;ikahh;

78 28. nghpa Guhzj;jpw;F Nrf;fpohh; ,l;l ngah; vd;d? - jpUj;njhz;lh; Guhzk; 29. nghpa Guhzj;jpw;F Kjy; E}y; vJ? top E}y; vJ? Kjy; E}y; - Re;juuh;ghba jpUj;njhz;lj; njhif top E}y; - ek;gpahz;lth; ek;gpghba jpUj;njhz;lf jpUte;jhjp 30. jkpopd; Kjy; fs Ma;T E}y; vJ? - nghpa Guhzk; 31. jpUehisg; Nghthh; vd;W miof;fg;gLgth; ahh;? - ee;jdhh; 32. gl;bdj;jhhpd; ,aw; ngah; vd;d? - RNtjhuz;ah; 33. gl;bdj;jhhpd; rPlh; ;ahh;? - gj;jpu fphpahh; 34. Mq;fhuk; cs;s lf;fp Ik;Gyd;fisAk; fl;lWj;J J}q;fhky; J}q;fp Rfk; ngWtJ vf;fhyk; $wpath; ahh;? 35. Qhd uj;jpdf; FwtQ;rp ghbath; ahh;? - gPh; KfkJ 36. re;jf; fsQ;rpak; vdg;gLk; E}y; vJ? - jpUg;Gfo; 37. yaf; fsQ;rpak; vd;gJ - jpUg;Gfo; 38. re;j Nte;jh; vd miof;fg;gLgth; ahh;? - mUzfphp ehjh; 39. thf;fpw;F mUzfphp vd;W Nghw;wpath; ahh;? - jhAkhdth; 40. KUf ehadhh; vdg; Nghw;wg;gLgth; ahh;? - mUzfphp ehjh; 41. 1. fw;gidf; fsQ;rpak; 2. fw;gid Cw;W 3. ftpjh rhh;k ngskh; vdg; Nghw;wg;gLgth; ahh;? - rptg;gpufhrh; 42. 1. nfhlg;Gyth; 2. COf;Ff; $j;jd; (cyfpay; fle;j tUzid) 2. (thf;F gypg;gjhy; ) xl;lf; $j;jh; 43. jpy;iy cyh ghbath; ahh;? - xl;lf; $j;jh; 44. 1. Qhd ts;sy; 2. ,f;fhy mUzfphp 3. nja;tf; ftpuhah; vd;W gl;lk; ngw;wth; ahh;? gj;jpufphpah;

ghk;gd; Rthkpfs;

45. mfuhjp vd;w nrhy;iy Kjd; Kjypy; gad;gLj;jpath; ahh;? - Nutz rpj;jh; 46. gaz ,yf;fpaj;jpd; Kd;Ndhb ahh;? - V.Nf. nrl;bah;

79 47. gaz ,yf;fpa ngU Nte;jh; ahh;? - Nrhk - ny 48. jkpo;r; rpWfijapd; Kd;Ndhb ahh;? - tPukhKdpth; 49. 1. jkpo; ciu eilapd; Nte;juhf Nghw;wg;gLgth; 2. epWj;jw; FwpaPLfis Kjd; Kjypy; jkpOf;F mwpKfk; nra;jth; ahh;? - MWKf ehtyh; 50. Kjy; jkpo; rpWfij vJ? Fsj;jq;fiu mur kuk; 51. rpWfijapy; je;ijahh;? t.Nt.R. ma;ah; 52. rpW fij kd;dd; ahh;? - Gyikg;gpj;jd; 53. GJikg; gpj;jd; ,aw; ngah; vd;d? - tpUj;jhr;ryk; 54. rpyg;gjpfhuf; ;fijapd; cUtk; vd;d? - ,ir ehlfk; 55. kf;fs; ,yf;fpak; vdg; Gfog;gLtJ vJ? - rq;f ,yf;fpak; 56. cyfk;> caph;> flTs; %d;iwAk; xUq;Nf fhl;Lk; fhtpak; vJ? - nghpa Guhzk; ($wpath; - jpU.tp.f.) 57. fspW vwpe;J ngah;jy; fhisf;Ff; flNd vd;w thp ,lk; ngw;w E}y; vJ? Gwg;ghly;

58. gpuzt Nfrhp vd;W ghuhl;lg; ngw;wth; ahh;? - Kj;Juhkypq;fh; 59. jkpopy; ,yf;fpaj; juk; tha;e;j ehlfk; ,y;yhj Fiwiag; Nghf;fpath; ahh;? - Re;juk; gps;is 60. ghpjpkhw; fiyQh; elj;jpa ,jo; vJ? - K.rp.G+uzypq;fk; njhlq;fpa Qhd Nghjpdp 61. jhz;lfk; ghLtjpy; ty;yth;; ahh;? - jpUehTf;furh; 62. Kjy; ehlff; fhg;gpak; vJ? -rpyg;gjpfhuk; 63. rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpy; rpW KJ Fiwtp vd;gJ ahh;? - fz;zfp 64. rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fspy; Nky; fzf;F E}y;fs; vd;gd ahit? 1. vl;Lj; njhif 2. gj;Jg; ghl;L 65. i`f;$ Nghd;w [g;ghdpaf; ftpijfSf;F Kd;Ndhb vJ? - jpUf;Fws; 66. go nkhop Nghd;w NtnwhU E}y; vJ? - jz;liyahh; rjfk;

67. fs;sp tapw;wpy; mfpy; gpwe;jd khd; tapw;wpy; xs;ssp jhuk; gpwf;Fk; ,it vjpy; cs;s thpfs;? ehd; kzpf;fbif

80 68. gjpndd; fPo;f; fzf;F E}y;fspy; tl nkhopr; nrhw;fs; mjpfk; ,lk; ngWk; E}y; vJ? Vyhjp

69. KJ nkhopf; fhQ;rp - vt;tif E}y;? - (mwpTiu) E}y; 70. gps;is ghjp Guhzk; ghjp vd;W $wpath; ahh;? - Qhdrk;ge;jh; 71. jkpopy; Njhd;wpa Kjy; mfuhjp vJ? - rJfufuhjp 72. mir vj;jid tif cz;L? 2 (Neuir> epiuair) 73. jkpourp FwtQ;rpapd; ghl;Lilj; jiyth; ahh;? - KUfd; 74. GJ newp fz;l Gyth; ahh;? - ts;syhh; 75. fue;ijj; jkpo;r; rq;fj;jpy; Mrphpah; vd;W ngah; ngw;wth; ahh;? - tuj eQ;irg; gps;is 76. irt itztq;fis xUq;fpizf;Fk;; yl;rpak; nfhz;l E}y; vJ ? - Kf;$lw; gs;S 77. rPtf rpe;jhkzpf;F epfuhf vOjg;gl;l E}y; vJ? - ePy Nfrp 78. njd;dhl;Lj; jh$h; vd;gJ ahh;? - Ntq;fl ukzp 79. mz;zhitj; njd;dhl;L ngh;dhl;l\h vd;W $wpath; ahh;? -fy;fp 80. jkpo; tuyhw;Wg; Gjpdq;fSf;F topfhl;bath; ahh;? -fy;fp 81. gad;ghl;by; ,y;yhj Rl;nlOj;J vJ? c 82. jitf; Nfhy; mhpit vd;W gl;lk; ngw;wth; ahh;? khjtp 83. Nrhoh;fspd; Vhp vd;W miof;fg;gLtJ vJ? - tq;fhs tphpFlh 84. gyh; ghba ghly;fspd; njhFg;ghd jkpo;g;; ghly; jpul;il jkpofk; KOJk; nrd;W njhFj;jth; ahh;? -re;jpu Nrfu ftpuhrg; gz;bjh; 85. tPu kh KdptUf;F jkpo; fw;gpj;jth; ahh;? - Rg;ujPgf; ftpuhah; 86. rpyg;gjpfhuk; - ciuahrphpah; ahh;? - mbahh;f;F ey;yth; 87. tuyhw;Wf; Fwpg;Gfs; mjpfk; cs;s ghly;fis vOjpath; ahh;? - guzh;

88. gpuQ;R Fbaurpd; nrthypa tpUJ ngw;wth; ahh;? - thzpjhrd; 89. jkpo; nkhop cah; jdpr; nrk;nkhop vd Kjd; Kjypy; epiy ehl;bath; ahh;?

81 - ghpjpkhw; fiyQh; 90. tlnkhop vOj;ijAk; gpw nkhopf; fyg;igAk; jLj;j th;fSs; Kf;fpakhdth; ahh;? -fk;gh; 91. %Nte;jhpd; rpwg;ig tpsf;Fk; E}y; vJ? - Kj;njhs;shapuk; 92. xg;gpy;yf; fzj; je;ij ahh;? - fhy; Fnty; 93. ve;j kd;dh;fs; fhyj;jpy; jkpo;r;rq;fk; epWtg;gl;lJ? - ghz;bah;fs; 94. ghly;fspy; nrhw;fs; Fwpf;fk; vz;zpf;if tpguk; vd;d? 1. nea;jy; - E}W 2. Ftis - Mapuk; 3. Mk;gy; - gjpdhapuk; 4. rq;fk; - ,yl;rk; 5. fkyk; - gj;J ,yl;rk; 6. nts;sk; - Nfhb 95. jdpg; ghly;fisj; njhFj;jth; ahh;? - nghd;Dr;rhkp 96. nts;sp eh gilj;jth; vd;W $wg;gLgth; ahh;? - tp.Nf.#hpa ehuhaz rh];jphp 97. epuk;gpath; fhtyh; vd miof;fg;gLgth; ahh;? - mbahh;f;F ey;yhh; 98. gjpndd; rpj;jh;fspd; Kjy; rpj;jh; ahh;? - jpU%yh; 99. jkpopd; Kjy; rjfk; vJ? - fhh; kz;ly rjfk; 100. ,iwaUs; ngw;w jpUf;Foe;ij vd;W xU me;jzuhy; ghuhl;lg; ngw;wth; ahh;? - ,uhkypq;f mbfs; 101. thd; kiw vd;w nrhy; Fwpg;gpLk; E}y; vJ? - jpUf;Fws; 102. rpWfijapd; Kd;Ndhb ahh;? - tPukhKdpth; 103. cyfk; epiyahikiaf; $Wk; E}y; vJ? - KJ nkhopf; fhQ;rp 104. xU igrh ,jo; elj;jpath; ahh;? - mNahj;jpjhrg; gz;bjh; 105. jkpopy; Njhd;wpa ,uz;lhtJ ngUq;fhg;gpak; vJ? - kzpNkfiy 106. tuyhw;Wf; fsQ;rpak; - KJnkhopf; fhQ;rp 107. jkpo;j; jpiuAyfpd; topfhl;bahfTk; ghJ fhtyuhfTk; jpfo;e;jth; - V.tp. nka;ag;gd; 108. jpUf;Fwspd; ngUikiag; gw;wpf; $Wk; E}y; vJ? - jpUts;St khiy 109. vl;Lj; njhif E}y;fSs; fhyj;jhy; Ke;jpaJ vJ? - GwehD}W 110. ghujf; fijfis kpFjpAk; $Wk; E}y; vJ? - fypj; njhif

82 111. fgpyiu Mjhpj;jth; ahh;? - ghhp 112. xsitahiu Mjhpj;jth;fs;? - mjpakhd; 113. kyq;Fb kUjdhiu Mjhpj;jth; ahh;? - neLQ;nropad; 114. mjpakhDf;fhf njhz;ilkhdplk; J}J nrd;w Gyth; ahh;? - xsitahh; 115. eyq;fps;spf;Fk; neLq;fps;spf;Fk; ,ilNa J}J nrd;w Gyth; ahh;? - NfhT+h;f; fpohh; 116. 99 G+f;fs; Fwpj;Jf; $Wk; E}y; vJ? - FwpQ;rpg;ghl;L 117. ehybahiu Mq;fpyj;jpy; nkhop ngah;j;jth; ahh;? -- [p.A.Nghg; 118. Jd;gk; nfhLf;Fk; nray;fisj; njhFj;Jf; $Wk; E}y; vJ? - ,d;dh ehw;gJ 119. ngz;iz ,opT gLj;jp eQ;rhff; fUJk; tof;fj;ij Kjd; Kjypy; $wpaJ E}y; vJ? - ,dpait ehw;gJ 120. xt;nthU $wpYk; fhh; fhy te;jzid mike;j E}y; vJ? - fhh; ehw;gJ 121. xt;nthU ghlypYk; MW fUj;Jf;fs; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s E}y; vJ? - Vyhjp 122. 1. E}w;F ,iae;j nrhy;ypd; tdg;Ng tdg;G 2. Ngijf;F ciuj;jhYk; nry;yhJ czh;T vjpy; cs;sth;fs; ? - rpWgQ;r %yk; 123. kf^c Kd;dpiy cs;s ePjp E}y; vJ? ed;ndwp - vOjpath; rptg;gpufhrh; 124. ePjpNahL mfg; nghUisf; $Wk; E}y; vJ? - tp Nt f rpe;jhkzp 125. 1. xt;nthU miu mbAk; Ntz;lhk; vd;W KbtJ vJ? 2. vjph; kiwahfNt ePjpfisf; $Wk; E}y; vJ? - cyf ePjp 126. iff;$yp thq;FtJ ghtk; vdsf; $Wk; E}y; vJ? - ePjp E}y; vOjpath; Ntjehafk; gps;is gaphpid Ntypjhd; Nka;e;j ghd;ik Nghy nraph; cw ePjpiar; rpijj;Nj jPgd; rhz; tapwpid tsh;j;jpl Mq;F khepjp ntapYW ntz;nza; Nghy; tpspAk; cz;ikNa - ePjp E}y; 127. kJiuapy; fz;zfpia milf;fyk; ngw;w Mah; Fyg; ngz; ahh;? - khjhp 128. ,sq;Nfh mbfSf;F fz;zfp tuyhw;iwf; $wpath; ahh;? - rPj;jiyr; rhj;jdhh; 129. grpAk; gpzpAk ePq;fp trpAk; thDk; Ruf;nfd tho;j;jp ,t;thpfs; ,lk; ngWk; E}y; vJ? 1. rpyg;gjpfhuk; 2. kzpNkfiy ,uz;bYk; cz;L. 130. Nehd;gpd; rpwg;igf; $Wk; E}y; vJ? ehf gQ;rkp

83 - ehf Fkhu fhtpak; 131. kJiuapy; rkziug; Gdy; thjj;jpYk; mdy; thjj;jpYk; ntd;W ghz;baid irtdhf;fpath; ahh; - jpUQhd rk;ge;jh; 132. ehad; khh;fspy; ngz;fs; vj;jid Ngh; - %d;W 1. fhiuf;fhy; mk;ikahh; 2. ,ir Qhdpahh; 3. kq;ifah;f;rurpah; 133. njhif mbahh;fs; vj;jid Ngh; ? - xd;gJ 134. rpj;jh;fspd; jiyth; ahh;? - mfj;jpah; 135. gj;jpu fphpahh; ve;j ehl;Lf;F murh;? cQ;Nrid khfhsGuj;J murh; 136. rpj;jh;fspy; kpFe;j rPh;jpUj;j thjp ahh;? - rptthf;fpak; 137. khdplh; taJ 100 vd;Wk; xU ehisf;F 21600 Rthrk vd;Wk; fzf;fpl;Lr; nrhd;dthh; ahh;/ - Nuhk hp\p 138. ,iwtdpd; jpUtpisahly;fisg; gw;wp Kjd; Kjypy; $wpa E}y;fs; vit? 1. fy;yhlk; 2. Re;jughz;bak; 139. Kjd; Kjypy; jpUtpisahlw; Guhzk; ghbath; ;ahh;? - ngUk;gw;wg; GypA+h; ek;gp 140. ghk;gd; Rthkpfspd; ,aw; ngah; vd;d? - FkuFUjhrd; 141. jkpopd; kpfg; nghpa E}y; vJ? - fk;guhkhazk; 142. jpUf;Fwis Kjypy; gjpg;gpj;jth; - kiyaj;Jtrd; kfd; Qhdg; gpufhrk; Mz;L 1812 143. jkpo; nkhop vj;jid nrt;tpay;Gfisf; nfhz;lJ ? -16 144. jkpo; nrk;nkhop Md Mz;L 2004 mf;Nlhgh; 145. Nfhtyd; fz;zfpf;F Jizahf te;jth; ahh;? - fTe;jp mbfs; 146. gps;isj; jkpo; vd;Dk; xU tif E}iy Kjd; Kjypy; ,aw;wpath; ahh;? - xl;lf;$l;lj;jh; 147. fhzh el;gpw;F ,yf;fzkhfj; jpfo;e;jth; ahh;? 1. gprpuhe;ijahh; 2. Nfhg; ngUQ; Nrhod; 148. ieljk; vd;gJ ahh; fijiaf; $WtJ - ehd; fij 149. jkpo; nrt;tpay; ,yf;fpaq;fspd; vz;zpf;if vd;d ? - 41 150. fPo;j;jpir Rtbfs; E}yfk; mike;Js;s ,lk; vJ? - nrd;id 151. jpUf;Fwspy; cs;s nkhj;j ,ay;Gfs; vj;jid? -9 152. Jd;gj;ijAk; eifr; RitNahL nrhy;tjpy; ty;yth; ahh;? - uhkr; re;jpuh; ftpuhah;

84 153. jpuhtplk; vd;w nrhy;iy Kjd; Kjypy; cUthf;fpath; ahh;? - Fkhhpy gl;lh 154. tPukh Kdpth; jkpofj;jpw;F te;j Mz;L vJ? - 1710 155. rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpy; NfhtyDf;F jtwhf jz;lid toq;fpa kd;dd; ahh;? - Mhpag;gil fle;j neLQ;nropad; 156. ve;j fpotpf;fhf rptd; ghz;badplk; mbgl;lhh;? - te;jp 157. NgRtJ NghyNt vOJtJ> vOJtJ NghyNt NgRtJ vd;Dk; Kaw;rpapy; ntw;wp ngw;wth; ahh;? - jpU.tp.f. 158. kzpNkfiyf;F mwk; Nghjpj;jth; ahh;? - mwtz mbfs; 159. gpwe;jJ Kjy; %d;whd;L tiu NgRk; jpwdw;wtuhf ,Ue;jth; ahh;? - uhkhD[h; 160. Ez;zpa E}y; gy fw;wth;f;Nf mike;j mhpa fiy vJ? - Ngr;Rf;fiy 161. ckWg; gytiu Mjhpj;jth; ahh;? 1. mg;Jy; fhjh; kiuf;fhah; vd;w rPjf;fhjp 2. mtUf;Fg; gpd; mGy;fhrpk; 162. Fz;ly Nfrpf;F vjph; thj E}y; vJ? - ePyNfrp 163. ehd;fhk; jkpo;r; rq;fk; ahuhy; epWtg;gl;lJ? kd;dh; gh];fu NrJgjp jiyikapy;> ghz;bj;Jiu Njth; Nkw;ghh;itapy;> ghpjpkhw; fiyQh;> c.Nt.rhkp ehjh; ,uh.ftpdhh; MfpNahh; JizAld; rq;fk; epWtg;gl;lJ 164. ghujk; Kjypy; jkpo; gLj;jpath; ahh;? - mUs; epiy tprfd; 165. Fl;bj; jpUthrfk; vd;gJ vJ? - jpUfUitg; gjpw;Wg;gj;J me;jhjp 166. jkpopy; Kjy; ehty; vJ? -gpujhg Kjypahh; rhpj;jpuk; 167. Kd;ndO epiy> gpd;ndO epiy vdg; gFj;Jf; $Wg;gLk; E}y; vJ? - cyh tif E}y; 168. jkpopd; caph; E}y; vJ? - njhy;fhg;gpak; 169. GfNoe;jpia Mjhpj;jth; ahh;? - re;jpud; Rth;f;fp 170. kzpNkfily ahh; cjtpahy; mKj Rugpiag; ngw;whs;? -jPtjpyif 171. ,iwadhh; mfg; nghUs; ciu epfo;e;j fhyj;jpy; Ml;rpapy; ,Ue;j ghz;ba kd;dh; ;ahh;? - rz;gf ghz;bad; ,tuJ ,aw; ngah; #lh kzpg; ghz;bad; 172. gf;jpr; Rit edp nrhl;lr; nrhl;l ghbath; - Nrf;fpohh; ,t;thW $wpath; ahh;? kPdhl;rp Re;juk; gps;is

173. rpWfij vOj;jhsh;fspd; Kjd;ikahdth; ahh;? - GJikg;gpj;jd;

85 174. jkpopy; Kjy; rpWfij vJ? -murkuk; gps;isahh; Nfhtpy; vOjpath; c.Nt.rhkpehjh; 175. Kf;$ly; gs;S ghl;Lilj;jiytd; ahh;? - jpUkhy; 176. ehl;Lg; ghly; tbtpy; fz;zpfisg; ghbath; ahh;? - jhAkhzth; 177. ngz;fspd; ngU tPuj;ijg; ghbath; ahh;? - xf;$h; khrhj;jpahh; 178. fhe;jp mbfSf;F jpUf;Fwis mwpKfg;gLj;jpath; ahh;? - lhy; ];lha; 179. jd; kidapy; cs;s midj;jpw;Fk; jpUehTf;fuR vd;Dk; ngaiuNa #l;bath; ahh;? - mg;G+jp mbfs; 180. %j;j jpUehTf;fuir ghk;G jPz;ba ,lk; vJ? - cs;sq;if 181. jkpopd; Kjy; ,yf;fpakhff; fUjg;gLtJ vJ? - rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fs; 182. jkpo; Nth;r; nrhy; Ma;tpy; kpfTk; Gfo; ngw;wth; ahh;? - Njt Neag; ghtzh; 183. tlnkhopapd; jilapd;wp jdpj;J m,aq;f Mw;wy; nfhz;lJ jkpo; nkhop vd;W Kjypy; nrhd;dth; ahh;? fhy FLty; 184. rq;fk; vd;w nrhy;iy Kjypy; gad;gLj;jpath; ahh;? - kzpNfdiyapd; Mrphpah; -rPj;jiyr;rhj;jdhh; 185. Kjy ciuahrphpah;? - ef;fPuh; (,iwadh; mfg; nghUs; ciu) 186. 1. ew;wpid vj;jid ghly;fisf; nfhz;lJ - 400 2. mjd; mb vy;iy vd;d? (9-12) 3. ghbath;fs; - 275 187. vl;Lj; njhif E}y;fspy; fhyj;jhy; gpe;jpaJ vJ ? - fypj; njhif 188. FWe; njhifapy; cs;s ghly;fs; vj;jid ? - 400 vy;iy - (4-8) mbfs; ghbath;fs; - 203 Gyth;fs; 189. kfsphpd; Itiff; $e;jy; ahit? 1. msfk; 2. nfhz;il 3. gdpr;ir 4. G+Q;ir 5. Foy; 190. Mz;fspd; jiy Kb tif vjjid - 3 1. Xhp 2. FQ;rp 3. FLkp 191. Iq;FW E}W ghly;fs; vj;jid? vy;iy vd;d? ghbNahh; vj;jid? vt;tif E}y;? ghly;fs; - 500 vy;iy - (3 - 6 ) mbfs;

ghbNahh; - 5 Ngh; kUjk; - Xuk; Nghfpahh; nea;jy; - mk; %tdhh;

86 FwpQ;rp - fgpyd; ghiy - xjye;ijahh; Ky;iy - Ngadhh; tif - mfE}y; 192. ghpghly; vy;iy vd;d? vd;d? (25-400) mbfs; 193. 1. fypj; njhif vt;tif E}y;? - mfE}y; 194. ghly; vz;zpf;if vd;d ? - 150 195. ghtif vd;d? fypg;gh 196. ehlfk;; Nghd;w fhl;rp mikg;Gfisf; nfhz;l E}y; vJ? - fypj; njhif 197. 1. mfehD}W vt;tif E}y; - mfE}y; ghly;fs; vj;jid? - 400 ghbath;fs; vj;jid - 145 vd;d vd;d? (13-31) mbfs; 198. ts;sy;fs; Mz;l ,lq;fs; vd;d? 1. ghhp 2. Ngfd; 3. Xhp 4. Ma; - guk;G kiy - godp - nfhy;yp kiy - nghjpif kiy

5. Mjpakhd; - jf^h; 6. ed;dd; - etpu kiy

199. jphp fLfj;jpy; cs;s ghly;fspd; vz;zpf;if vd;d - 100 ghly; 200. Mrhuf; Nfhitapy; vj;jid ghly;fs; cs;sd ? - 100 ghlyfs; 201. rpW gQ;r %yj;jpy; vj;jid ghly;fs; cs;sd - 102 ghly;fs; cs;sd. 202. 1. KJ nkhkopf; flQ;rpapy; vj;jid ghly;fs; cs;sd? - 100 2. vt;tif ahg;G? - Fws; ntz; nre;Jiu vd;w ahg; ghy; MdZ 3. vt;tif E}y;? - epiyiahikiag; ghLk; E}y; 203. 1. mwnewpr; rhuk; vjjid ghly;fisf; nfhz;lJ ? 226 2. gh tif - ntz;gh 204. 1. ePjp newp tpsf;fk; vj;jid ghly;fs;? - 102 2. ghtif - ntz;gh 205. irt. itzt newpfisg; ghba rkz E}y; vJ? - rpyg;gjpfhuk; 206. rkag; G+rYf;F tpj;jpl;l E}y; vJ? - kzp Nkfiy 207. rkzk; myyhj gpw ,ejpah; rkaq;fis jUf;f Kiwapy; kWj;Jiuf;Fk; e}y; vJ? - ePy Nfrp 208. jpUehTf;furUf;F ,iwtd; vt;thW irt newpia czh;j;jpdhh;? #iy Neha; je;J gpd; mtuJ jkf;if jpyftjpahuhy;; jpUePw;wpd; kfpikapy; me;j #iy Nehia mfw;wp mtiu rkzj;jpypUe;J irtj;jpw;F khw;wpdhh;. 209. ,sq;Nfh mbfSf;Fg; gpwF ehl;Lg;Gw gh tbtq;fSf;F Kf;fpak; nfhLj;jth; ahh;? - khzpf;f thrfh; 210. irth;fspd; ,jpfhrk; vd;W miof;fg;gLttJ vJ? - fe;j Guhzk; 211. fr;rpyg;g Kdpthpd; tuyhw;iw fr;rpyg;g Guhzk; vd;w rpW E}yhfg; ghbath; ahh;?

87 - thk Njt KUf gl;lhfuhh;;;;;;;;;;;;; 212. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj;Js;Ns mb vz;zpf;fifapy; nghpa Mrphpag;gh ghbath; ahh;? ts;syhh; 1596 mbfs; 213. njhy;fhg;gpak; - Mrphpag;ghtpd; Ngnuy;iy vd;d? - 1000 mbfs; 214. ke;jpu E}yhfTk; ghuhaz E}yhfTk; Nghw;wg;gLtJ vJ? - fe;jh; mDG+jp (mUzfphp ehjh;) 215. es ntz;ghtpd; fij vjpy; tUk; fpisf; fij? - kfhghujk; 216. jkpo; fhg;gpaj;jpd; cr;rfl;l tsh;r;rp ve;j fhg;gpaj;jpy; cs;sJ? - fk;g ,uhkhazk; 217. aho;g;ghzk; it.jhNkhjuk;gps;isaplk; jpuhtpl rh];jphpvd;W gl;lk; ngw;wth; ahh;? - ghpjp khw; fiyQh; 218. fz;zfp ve;j kuj;jpd; mbapy; ,Ue;jjhf Ntlh;fs; nrhd;dhh;fs;? - Ntq;if kuk; 219. xOf;fnkd;gJk; fw;ngd;gJk; ngz;fSf;F kl;Lk; vd;wpy;yhky; Mz;> ngz; ,UtUf;FNk nghJthFk; - $wpath; ahh;? - <.Nt..uh. nghpahh; 220. ehd; kzpf; fbifapy; cs;s ghly;fspd; vz;zpf;if vd;d? - 104 ghly;fs; 221. ghiyf; fypapy; cs;s ghly;fspd; vz;zpf;if vd;d? - 35 222. gjpw;Wg; gj;jpy; 6-k; gj;J ghbath; ahh;? - fhf;ifg; ghbdpahh; 223. fhtphpapd; fiufis cah;j;jpf; fl;bath; ahh;? - fhpfhyd; 224. filNaO ts;sy;fs; ahth;? Ma.>Ngfd;> ghhp> fhhp> mjpfd;> es;sp> Xhp 225. thlhj khiy vd;W miof;fg;gLtJ vJ? - Njk;ghtzp 226. jpUj; njhz;ld; jpUte;jhjp ,aw;wpath; ahh;? - ek;gpahz;lhh; ek;gp 227. Kjy; %d;W jkpo;f; fhg;gpaq;fs; vit 1. rpyg;gjpfhuk; 2. kzpNkfiy 3. ngUq;fij 228. fhzh el;gpw;F ,yf;fzkhfj; jpfo;e;jth;fs; ahth;? 1. gpRuhe;ijahh; 2. Nfhg;ngUQ; Nrhod; 229. fPo;f;fzf;F E}y;fspy; mk;ikvd;Dk; mikg;gpy; mlq;Fk; E}y;fs; ahit? 1. rpWgQ;r %yk; 2. Mrhuf; Nfhit

231 . Mj;jp #b ve;j mikg;gpy; cs;sJ ? 1. 100 thpfisf; nfhz;lJ 2. mfu thpirapy; mike;Js;sJ?

232. Njk;ghtzp E}ypy; cs;s ghly;fspd; vz;zpf;if vd;d? 3615 233. tbTil ehd; kzp khiy ,aw;wpath; ahh;/ - ,uhkypq;f mbfs; 234. J}J tis vd;gJ vt;tifj; jhtuk;?

88 - xU tiff; nfhb 235. nra;Aspy; mb tiuaiuiaf; nfhz;L ,d;d tifg; gh vdj; Jzpe;J $WtJ vd;d ? - J}f;F 236. J}J tisia ts;syhh; vt;thW mioj;jhh; ? - Qhdg; gr;rpiy 237. nra;Ais kq;fyk; $wp epiwT nra;jid vt;thW miog;ghh;? - jpUf;filf; fhg;G 238. Ritfspd; Fwpg;G tpguk; $Wf. 1. fhh;g;G - czh;T 2. ,dpg;G - tsk; 3. Jth;g;G - Mw;wy; 4. ifg;G - nkd;ik 5. cth;g;G - njspT 6. Gspg;G - ,dpik 239. jkpoh; Mf;fpa Mjp tz;zq;fs; vj;jid - 100 (tz;zq;fs; vd;gJ ghl;by; mikAk; Xir mjidr; re;jk; vd;gh;) 240. fypj; njhif - vt;tif Xir cilaJ ? - Js;sy; Xir 241. gz;ila lfhyj;jpy; cg;G thzpfk; nra;Nthh; vt;thW miof;fg;gLth;? - ckzh; 242. tPu kh Kdpth; gpwe;j ehL vJ? - ,j;jhyp 243. ngz;fspd; VO gUtq;fs; ahit? 1. Ngij 2. ngJk;ig 3. kq;if 4. kle;ij 5. mhpit 6. njhpit - 5 Kjy; 7 taJ - 8 Kjy; 11 - 12 Kjy; 13 taJ - 14 Kjy; 19 taJ - 20 Kjy; 25 taJ - 28 Kjy; 31 taJ 32 Kjy; 40 taJ

7. Nghpsk; ngz; -

244. fyk;gf cWg;Gf;fs; vj;jid? - 18 245. jpUKUfhw;Wg; gilapy; nkhj;jk; vj;jid ghly;fs; cssd? - 317 ghtif - Mrphpag;gh 246. ngUk;ghzhw;Wg;gilapy; vj;jid mbfs; cs;sds? - 500 mbfs; 247. etjhzpaq;fs; vd;gd ahit? - cOe;J> fliy> nfhs;> Jtiu> gaW> vs;> rhik>jpiz> ney; 248. xU ehspif vd;gJ vt;tsT Neuk;? -24 epkplk; 249. gid kuq;fs; epiwe;j Ch; vt;thW miof;fg;gl;lJ - gidaGuk; 250. vOj;J nrhy; nghUs; Mfpa %d;wDf;Fk; ,yf;fzk; $Wk; E}y; vJ? - njhy; fhg;gpak; 251. vOj;J> nrhy;>nghUs;> ahg;G> mzp Mfpa Ie;J ,yf;fzq;fisf; $WtJ vJ? - mfj;jpak; 252. 16 nrt;tpay;Gfisf; nfhz;lJ nrk;nkhop jkpo; nkhop vdf; $wpath; ahh;? - Njt Neag; ghthzh; 253. Gwhtpd; Jd;gj;ijg; Nghf;fpa kd;dd; ahh;?

89 - - rpgp rf;fu th;j;jp 254. gRtpd; Jd;gj;jijg; Nghf;fpath; - kD ePjpr; Nrhod; 255. fz;zfpapd; rpyk;gpy; cs;s guy; vd;d? - khzpf;fk; 256. ghz;bad; kditp Nfhg; ngUe;Njtpapd; fhy; rpyk;gpy; ,Ue;j guy; vd;d? - Kj;J 257. Mrpahf; fz;lj;jpy; kpfg; nghpa E}yfj;ij mikff; fhuzkhdth; - mk;Ngj;fhh; 258. ckWg; Gythpd Mrphpah; ahh;? - fbif Kj;Jg; Gyth; 259. cUt topghl;il ePf;fp xsp topghl;ilg; gpd;gw;wr; nra;jth; ahh;? - ts;syhh; 260. xd;gJ kzpfs;ahit? Kj;J> gtsk;> ,u;jpdk;> ituk;> it^hpak;> khzpf;fk;> gr;ir> G\;guhfk;> NfhNkjfk; 261. rpW gQ;r %yk; vj;jid khf;fisf; nfhz;lJ ? - 100 262. fpNuf;f fhtpaq;fshd xbrp> ,hpal; Mfpatw;wpw;F xg;ghz jkpo; e}y; vJ? - rPtf rpe;jhkzp 263. cW nghUs; vd;gJ vd;d? ehjpapy;yhky; jhNd fpilf;Fk; nghUs; 264. cy;F nghUs; vd;gJ vd;d? - Rq;fj;jhy; fpilf;Fk; nghUs; 265. njW nghUs; vd;gJ vd;d? fg;gkhfg; ngWk; nghUs; 266. njhy;fhg;gpak; vj;jid ghf;fisf; nfhz;lJ? -1610 267. e. gpr;r %h;j;jpapd; ,aw; ngah; vd;d? - e. Ntq;fl khypq;fk; 268. es ntz;ghtpy; vj;jid ghly;fs; cs;sd? - 424 Nehpir ntz;ghf;fs; 269. fypj; njhifapy; cs;s ghf;fs; vj;jid? - 150 ghly;fs; 270. gbf;fhRg; gyth; ,aw;wpa E}y;fs; ahit? 1. njhz;il kz;ly rufk; 2. NtY}h;f; fyk;gfk; 271. nkhopfspd; jd;ik vd;d? Mq;fpyk; - tzpfj;jpd; nkhop gpnuQ;R - J}jpd;; nkhop ,j;jhypak; - fhjypd; nkhop n[h;khdpak; - jj;Jtj;jpd; nkhop jkpo; - gf;jpapd; nkhop 272. Nrgf;jd; ehspjo; elj;jpath; ahh;? - jpU.tp.f. 273. vOj;Jr; rPh;jpUj;jk;> fhw;Gs;sp> mirg;Gs;sp vOjpath;;ahh;? - tPu kh Kdpth; 274. J}J tisapd; NtW ngah;fs; vd;d?

90 1. rpq;f ty;yp> 2. Qhdg; gr;rpiy 275. ,ir eak; tha;e;j E}y;fs; ahit? 1.jpUf; Fwwhyf; FwtQ;rp 2. Kf;$lw; gs;S> 3. jpUg;Gfo; (mUzfphp) 276. jpU ke;jpuk; vj;jid je;jpuq;fisf; nfhz;lJ - 9 277. tpy;yp ghuj;jpy; cs;s gUtq;fs; vj;jid?- 10 278. xU fijahdJ ghly;fspy; njhlh;e;;;;;J nrhyg; ngWk; nra;As; tif vd;d? - njhlh; epiyr; nra;;As; 279. ehybahiu Kg;ghyhfg; gFj;jth; ahh;? - jUkh; 280. kiyg; gLflhk; - ghtif vd;d? -- Mrphpag;gh 281. fOkyk; Nghhpy; Njhy;tpAw;wjhy; ntw;wp ngw;w Nrhod; nrq;fzhd; vd;gtdhy; jhkjkha; nfhLf;fg;gl;l ePiug; ngw;W khdk; fUjp caph; tpl;lth; ahh;? - fizf;fhy; ,Uk;nghiw 282. Ie;jpiz mWgJ vd;w NtW ngah; nfhz;l E}y; vJ? - ije;epiy - 60 ghly;fs; nfhz;lJ - Mrphpah; - Gyq;fhldhh; 283. ,d;dpiyapy; cs;s ghly;fs; vj;jid? - 45 ghly;fs; Mrphpah; - ngha;ifahh; 284. nfhd;iw Nte;jdpd; vj;jiz ghly;fs; cs;sd? 91 ghly;fs; 285.ey;top apy; vj;jid ghly;fs; cs;sd? - 40 286. mUq;fyr; nrg;G E}ypy; vj;jid ghf;fs; cs;sd? - 180 ghf;fs; 287. vOj;jwptpj;jtd; ,iwtd; Mthd; vjpy; cs;s tpjp? - ntw;wp Ntw;if 288. jpUthyq;fhl;by; jiyahy; jto;e;J nrd;W ,iwtid tzq;fpath ahh;? - fiuf;fhy; mk;ikahh; 289. ehad; khh;fspy; mkh;e;j Nfhyj;jpy; ,Ug;gth; ahh;? - fiuf;fhy; mk;ikahh; 290. gps;isf; fwp rikj;jth; ahh;? - rpWj; njhz;l ehadhh; 291. rpj;Jfs; vj;jid tifg;gLk; - 8 292. ml;lkh rpj;jp vd;gd ahit? 1. mzpkh-mZitg; Nghy rpwpajhjy; 2. kfpkh- kiy Nghy; nghpajhjy; 3. ,yFkh - fhw;iwg; Nghy; ,Nyrhjy; 4.fhpkh - nghd;idg; Nghy; fdkhjy; 5. gpuhg;jp - vy;yhtw;iwAk; MSjy; 6. trpj;Jtk; - vy;yhiuAk; trg; gLj;Jjy; 7. gufhkpak; - $L tpl;Lf; $L gha;jy; 8. < rj;Jtk; - tpUk;gpaijr; nra;jy 293. ghpjpkhw fiyQh;; ve;j Mz;L gpwe;jhh;? 1870 294. ghujpahhpd; mr;rkpy;iy mr;rkpy;iy vd;w ghl;bw;F Kd;Ndhbahfj; jpfo;e;jJ vJ?

91 - jpUehTf;furpd; jpUj;jhz ;lfg; ghly; - ehkhh;f;Fk; Fbay;Nyhk; ekid mQ;Nrhk; 295. gj;Jg;ghl;L ghbath;fs; vj;jid Ngh;?- vz;kh; - vz;k> ghtif- Mrphpag;gh 296. ew;wpiz vj;jid Gyth;fs; ghbdhh;? - 275 - mfw;gh 297. Few;njhif ghbath;fs; vj;jid Ngh;? - 205 Ngh; ghtif -- mftw;gh 298. fhtphp ehnld;d fodp ehnlhhP, - vjpy; cs;s thp ? - fk;g uhkhazk; 299. kyhpd; 7 tifg; gUtq;fs; vit? 1. mUk;G 2. nkhl;L> 3. Kif 4. kyh; 5. myh; 6. tP> 7. nrk;ky; 300. gps;isj;jkpo; gUtq;fs; vit Mz;ghy; gps;isj;jkpo; i. fhg;G> nrq;fPiu> jhy;> rg;ghzp> Kj;jk;> tUif> mk;Gyp> rpw;wpy;> rpW ghiw> rpW Njh; ngz;ghy; gps;isj;jkpo; fhg;G> nrq;fPiu> jhy;> rg;ghzp> Kj;jk;> tUif>mk;khiz>foq;F> (ePuhly;)> Cry; 301. Ik;ngUq;fhg;gpaq;fs; vit? rpejhkzp> rpyg;gjpfhuk;> kzp Nkfiy> tisahgjp> Fz;ly Nfrp 302. IQ;rpW fhg;gpaq;fs; vit? #shkzp> ePy Nfrp> cjad Fkhu fhtpak;> aNrhjh fhtpak;> ehf Fkhu fhtpak; 303. rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fs; vj;jid tifg;gLk; - 96

304. jkpo; vj;jid xypfisf; nfhz;lJ? 500 305. vz;Rit vit eif> mOif> ,sptuy;> kUl;if> mr;rk;> ngUkpjk;> ntFsp> ctif 306. guzp ,yf;fpaj;jpw;Fhpa ghtif vJ? -fypj;jhopir 307. Jz;Lvd;w milnkhopapy; Fwpf;fg; ngWk; E}y; vJ? - ehd;kzpf;fbif 308. mwk; itj;Jg; ghlg;gl;l E}y; vJ? - ee;jpf; fyk;gfk; (mwk; vd;gJ kq;fyk; my;yhj nrhw;fis Kjypy; itj;Jg; ghLtJ)

,yf;fzk; ( nghJ) 23. ,yf;fzk; vj;jid tifg;gLk;? -5 1. vOj;J 2. nrhy; 3. nghUs; 4. ahg;G> 5. m zp

92 I. vOj;Jf;fs; ,U tifg;gLk; 1. Kjy; vOj;J 2. rhh;ngOj;J Kjy; vOj;J caph; - 12 nka; - 18 nkhj;jk; - 30

3. rhh;ngOj;Jf;fs; Kjy; vOj;Jf;fisr; rhh;e;J Njhd;Wk; vOj;Jf;fs; rhh;ngOj;Jf;fs; MFk;. 1. caph; nka; 2. MAjk; 3. capusngil 4. xw;ws ngil 5. Fw;wpaYfuk; 6. Fw;wpaypfuk; 7. Ifhuf; FWf;fk; 8. xsfhuf; FWf;fk 9. kfuf; FWf;fk; 10. Ma;jf; FWf;fk; Ma;j vOj;jpw;F Kg;ghw;Gs;sp> jdp epiy vd;w ngah; cz;L> caph; > nka;> caph;nka; tifspy; NruhJ Fw;wpa Yfuk;

xU nrhy;ypd; ,Wjpapy; F>R>L>J>G>W vd;w MW vOj;Jf;fs; tug; ngw;why; mJ Fw;wpaYfuk; nrhy;ypd; ,Wjpapy; cs;s c vd;Dk; Fwpy; jdf;Fhpa xU khj;jpiuapdpd;Wk; Fiwe;J xypg;gJ Fw;wpaYfuk; MFk;. (v.L) Rf;F> fLF> ge;J> ghl;L> fhR> cg;G> rhW ,Wjp vOj;jhf epw;fk; Fw;wpaYfuj;jpw;F Kd; cs;s vOj;ij Nehf;f Fw;wpaYfuk; MW tifg;gLk;. ,Wjp vOj;jhfpa Fw;wpaYfuk; manyOj;jhf> jdp neby;> MAjk;> caph; nka;> ty;ypd nka;> nky;ypd nka;> ,ilapd nka;> Mfpatw;Ws; VNjDk; xd;iwg; ngw;W tUk;. neby; njhlh; Fw;wpaYfuk; kl;LNk ,uz;L vOj;Jf;fisg; ngw;WtUk;. Fw;wpaYfur; nrhw;;;;;;fs; ,uz;L vOj;Jf;fSf;F Nkw;gl;l vOj;Jf;fisg; ngw;W tUk;. jdpahf xNunahU Fw;nwOj;ij; jdf;F Kw;wpaYfuk; vd;gh;. (v.L) 1. ehL fhR thF - neby; njhlh; Fw;wpaYfuk; Kd; ngw;W tUtJ Fw;wpaYfuk; md;W. mjid Vida Ie;J tiff;

2. vF mJ - Ma;j njhlh; 3. gl;L gj;Jg; ghl;L 4. ge;J td;nwhlh; Fw;wpaYfuk;

93 gq;F - nkd; njhlh; Fw;wpaYfuk; 5. gs;S gy;F - ,ilj; njhlh; Fw;wpaYfuk; 6. tuF gfL goF - t+(h;+m)+F= tuF caph;j; njhlh; Fw;wpaYfuk;

Kw;wpaYfuk; jdpahf xNu nahU Fw;nwOj;ijj; jdf;F Kd; ngw;W te;jhy; me;j cfuk; Fiwahky; xypf;Fk;. mt;thW Fiwahky; xypg;gpw;F Fw;wpa Yfuk; vd;W ngah;. (v.L) mJ>gR>nfhL>vL>nfhL>tL>tpL Fw;wpaypfuk; Fw;wpaYfur; nrhw;fs; epiy nkhopahf epw;f> tUnkhop Kjypy; a fuk; te;jhy; me;jf; Fw;wpaYfuj;jpd; cfuk; , fukhfj; jphpAk; mt;thW jphpfpd;w ,fuk; jd; khj;jpiu mstpy; (xd;wpypUe;J miuahf) Fiwe;J xypg;gjhy; Fw;wpaypfuk; vdg;gLk;. (v.L) ehL+ahJ = ehbahJ ehF+ahJ = ehfpahJ Fuq;F+ahJ = Fuq;fpahJ FWf;fk;

msngLj;jYf;F vjph;;gjk; FWf;fk; MFk;. Xh; vOj;J VNjh xU fhuzj;jpw;fhf FWfp xypf;Fkhdhy; mJ FWf;fk vdg;gLk;. mit ehd;F tifg;gLk; Ifhuf; FWf;fk; I ,uz;L khj;jpiu msT nfhz;lJ -Mdhy; ,Jkw;w vOj;Jf;fSld; $b tUk; nghOJ jdf;F chpa ,uz;L khj;jpiuapypUe;J Fiwe;J ngah;. (v.L) Ig;grp> jiyfs;> Ftis xsfhuf;FWf;fk; jdJ ,uz;L khj;jpiu mstpypUe;J Fiwe;J xypg;gJ. (v.L) xsitahh; kfuf;FWf;fk; z fu> dfu nka;fspd; gpd;Dk; t fuj;jpw;F Kd;Dk; tUk; k; jdf;F chpa miu khj;jpiuapypUe;J Fiwe;J fhy; khj;jpiuahf xypf;Fk;> ,jw;F kfuf; FWf;fk; vd;gJ ngah;. (v.L) Nghd;k;> nrd;k;>kUz;k; (tUk; top) Ma;jf; FWf;fk; xypf;Fk;. ,jw;F Ifhuf; FWf;fk; vd;W

,uz;L nrhw;fs; NrUk; NghJ my;yJ GzUk; NghJ> Kjy; nrhy;iy epiy nkhop vd;Wk; te;J NrUk; nrhy;iy tUnkhop vd;Wk; $wg;gLk;. epiy nkhop filrpapy; my;yJ ,Wjpapy; y;>s; te;J tUnkhop Kjypy; j fuk; te;jhy;> ,uz;Lk; $Lk; nghOJ jk; Njhd;Wk;. mt;thW Njhd;Wk; Ma;jk; jdJ miu khj;jpiuapypUe;J Fiwe;j fhy; khj;jpiuahf xypf;Fk; ,jw;F Ma;jf; FWf;fk; vd;W ngah; (v.L) fy; + jPJ = f;wPJ Ks;; + jPJ = KBJ

94

my; + jpiz = mwpiz ,d vOj;J caph; vOj;Jf;fspd; nebYf;F mjd; Fwpy; ,d vOj;J If;F - , xf;F - c q -f Q-r e- j z-l k -g z-w khj;jpiu miu Xh; vOj;jpd; xypapd; fhy msT khj;jpiufspy; nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. xU khj;jpiu vd;gJ fhy msT fz; %b tpopf;Fk; Neuk; my;yJ iftpuyhy; nrhLf;F NghLk; Neuk; MFk;. msTfs; gpd;tUkhW. 1. caph; vOj;J - Fwp;y; - xU khj;jpiu neby; - 2 khj;jpiu 2. caph; nka; - Fwpy; - xU khj;jpiu neby; - 2 khj;jpiu 3. nka;naOj;J - khj;jpiu neby; my;yJ xw;nwOj;Jf;fs; mjidj; jhz;Lk; NghJ msngil vd;f;fpNwhk;. 4. caph; msngil - 3 khj;jpiu (2+1) 5. xw;ws ngil - 1 khj;jpiu (1/2 +1/2 )

24. nrhy; ,yf;fpa tif 1. ngah; 2. tpid> 3. ,il> 4. chp

95 ,yf;fz tif

1. ,aw; nrhy; 2. jphp nrhy;> 3. jpirr; nrhy; 4. tl nrhy; 1. ,ay;ghfg; Ngrf; $baJ ,aw;nrhy; (v.L) ML>Fjpiu> fhw;W 2. fw;wth;fshy; kl;LNk czh;e;J nfhs;sf; $baJ - jphp nrhy; - (v.L) cfph;> Mop 3. xt;nthU ,lj;jpw;Fk; jkpOf;F toq;Fk; nrhy; jpirr; nrhy; (v.L) ngw;wk; - gR nghJthf - iga Nfzp - fpzW

4. tlnkhopr; nrhy;iyj; jkpopy; gad;gLj;JtJ - tlnrhy; (v.L) fkyk;> kjk;> tplk; jw;rkk; tlnkhopr; nrhy; khw;wkpd;wp jkpopy; tUtJ jw;rkk; vdsg;gLk; (v.L) jhkiu vd;w jkpo;r; nrhy;iy tl nkhopapy;> fkyk;> kq;f[k; vd;ghh;fs;. ,jpy; fkyk; vd;gJ jkpo; vOj;Jf;fSld; $bajhf ,Ug;gjhy; ,jidj; jw;rkak; vd;fpNwhk;. mNjNghd;W gq;f[k; vd;gjpy; [ vd;w tl nkhop vOj;J te;jpUf;fpd;w fhuzj;jhy; ,jidj; jw;gtk; vd;fpNwhk;.

nkhop 1. nkhop

96 xU nrhy; jdpj;J epd;W nghUs; czh;j;JtJ (v.L) th> fz;> nrd;whd; 2. njhlh; nkhop ,uz;L my;yJ mjw;F Nkw;gl;l nrhw;fs; njhlh;e;J te;J nghUs; czh;j;JtJ (v.L) 1. glk;; ghh;j;jhd; 2. gRTk; fd;Wk; Njhl;lj;jpy; Nka;e;J nfhz;bUf;fpd;wd. 3. nghJ nkhop xU nrhy; jdpj;J epd;W xU nghUisAk;> mr; nrhy;Ny gpw nrhw;fSld; njhlh;e;J epd;W NtW nghUisAk; je;J jdp nkhopf;Fk; nghJtha; miktJ nghJ nkhop (v.L) me;jkhd; vd;gJ xU jPitAk; mr; nrhy;Ny me;j + khd; vd;W - gphpe;J epd;W me;j khd; (tpyq;F) vd NtW nghUisAk; jUfpwJ.

26. tpdhf;fs; vj;jid tifg;gLk; - 6 1. mwptpdh - jhd; xU nghUised;F mwpe;jpUe;Jk; mg;nghUs; gpwh;f;Fj; njhpAkh? vd;gij mwpAk; nghUl;L tpdtg; gLk; tpdh? (v.L) jpUf;Fwis ,aw;wpath; ahh;?

97 vd Mrphpah; khztdplk; tpdhTtJ 2. mwpah tpdh jhd; mwpahj nghUis mwpe;J nfhs;Stjw;fhfg; gpwhplk; tpdTtJ? (v.L) ntz;ghtpy; vj;jid tif cz;L khztd; Mrphpahplk; tpdTtJ 3. Ia tpdh jdf;F Iakhf ,Uf;Fk; nghUs; Fwpj;J Iaj;ijg; Nghf;fpf; nfhs;tjw;fhf tpdtg;gLk; tpdh (v.L) mq;Nf ,Ug;gJ ghk;Ngh? fapNwh? 4. nfhsy; tpdh xUth; jhd; xU nghUis thq;Fk; nghUl;L filf;fhuhplk; tpdTk; tpdh? (v.L) gUg;G cs;sjh? 5. nfhil tpdh? xUth; jhd; xU nghUisf; nfhLg;gjw;fhf mg;nghUs; ,Uj;jiyg;gw;wp gpwhplk; tpdTtJ (v.L) khzth;fNs cq;fsplk; ghlg; Gj;jfk; ,y;iyNah? 6. Vty; tpdh? xUth; xU njhopiyr; nra;Ak;gb gpwiu VTtJ (v.L) 1. me;jf; filapy; ,e;jg; nghUis thq;fpf; nfhLf;fpwhah? 2. Njh;Tf;F chpa ghlq;fisg; gbj;jhah? thq;fp th> gb vd;w Vty; nghUisj; jUfpd;wd.

tpilfs; 27. tpilfs; 8 tifg;gLk; 1. Rl;Ltpil ,jpy; ve;jg; ghij mUq;fhl;rpafk; nry;Yk;? vdw; Nfs;tpf;F mJ vd;;;;;W Rl;bf; fhl;b tpil mspg;gJ 2. Neh; tpil Fkud;; vq;Nf Nghdhd;?

98 tpil- tPl;bw;Fr; nrd;Wtpl;lhd; 3. vjph ;kiw tpil ehfg;gd; Njh;T vOjtpy;iy vjph;kiw tpil 4. Vty; tpil ,ij vdf;F eP thq;fpf; nfhLf;fpwhah? vd;w Nfs;tpf;F eP Na thq;fpf; nfhs; vd;W tpilaspg;gJ. 5. tpdh tpdTjy; tpil espdp Njh;tpw;Fg; gbj;J tpl;lhsh? vd;w Nfs;tpf;F espdp gbf;fhky; ,Ug;ghsh? vd;W tpil $WtJ. 6. cw;wJ ciuj;jy; tpil eP tpisahl tUfpwhah? vd;w Nfs;tpf;F vdf;F fhypy; ROf;F Vw;gl;Ls;sJ vd jdf;F cw;wij ciuj;J tpilaspg;gJ 7. cWtJ ciuj;jy; tpil Fsph;ghdk; mUe;jyhkh vd;w Nfs;tpf;F vdf;F njhz;il typf;Fk; vd $WtJ cWtJ ciuj;J tpilaspg;gJ 8. ,dkpfy; tpil filf;fhuhplk; ghrpg;gUg;G ,Uf;fpwjh? vd;W Nfl;f mth; Jtuk;gUg;G ,Uf;fpwJ vd;W tpil gfh;jy; Nfl;lJ ,y;iy nad;W nrhy;yhky; mjw;F ,dkhd NtW xU nghUs; ,Uf;fpwJ vd;W tpil gfh;tJ ,dkpfy; tpil vdg;gLk;.

ahg;G

99 28. ahj;jy; vd;why;fl;Ljy; vd;W nghUs; vOj;J> mir> rPh;> jis> mb > njhil vz;gtw;why; fl;lg;gLtJ. ghtiffs; - 4 1. ntz;gh> 2. Mrphpag;gh> 3. fypg;gh 4. tQ;rpg;gh ntz;ghtpd;; nghJ ,yf;fzk;

1. <w;wb Kr;rPuha; Vida mb ehw;rPuha; tUk; 2. ,aw; rPh;(khr;rPh;> tpsr;rPh;) ntz;rPh; (fha;r;rPh;) tUk; 3. ,aw;rPh; ntz;lisAk;(khKd;epiu) tps Kd; Neh;)> ntz;rPh; ntz;lis (fha; Kd; Neh;) tUk; gpw jisfs; thuh 4. <w;wbapd; <w;Wr;rPh;> ehs;> kyh;> fhR> gpwg;G vd;Dk; tha;g;ghLfSs; xd;iwf; nfhz;L KbAk; 5. nrg;gNyhir ngw;W tUk; 6. ,uz;lb Kjy; gd;dpuz;L mb tiu tUk; ntz;ghtpd; tiffs; - 6 1. Fws; ntz;gh 2. Nehpir ntz;gh 3. ,d;dpir ntz;gh 4. gnwhil ntz;gh 5. Nehpirr; rpe;jpay; ntz;gh 6. ,d;dpirr; rpe;jpay; ntz;gh 1. Fws; ntz;gh ntz;ghtpd; nghJ ,yf;fzk; ngw;W> ,uz;L mbfisf; nfhz;ljhy; xUtpfw; gj;jhDk; ,Utpfw; gj;jhDk; tUtJ Fws; ntz;gh (Fws; - ,uz;lb) (v.L) 1. mfu Kjy vOj;njy;yhk; Mjp gftd; Kjw;Nw cyF - Fws; ,f;Fws; xUtpfw;gj;jhd; te;jJ (f vd;Dk;vOj;J vJifahf ,uz;L mbfspy; xd;wp te;Js;sJ.) xOf;fj;jpd; va;Jth; Nkz;ikk> ,of;fj;jpd; va;Jth; va;jhh; gop ,Utpfw;gj;jhd te;jJ

2. Nehpir ntz;gh ntz;ghtpd; nghJ ,yf;fzk; ngw;W ehd;F mbfisf; nfhz;ljhAk;. ,uz;lhk; mbap;y; jdpr; nrhy; ngw;Wk; Kjy; ,uz;lb xU tpfw;g khAk; filrp , uz;lb xU tpffw;gkhAk; tUtJ (v.L)1. ney;Yf;fpiuj;j ePh; tha;f;fhy; topNahbg; Gy;Yf;Fk; Mq;Nf nghrpAkhk; - njhy;Yyfpy; ey;yhh; xUth; csNuy; mth; nghUl;L vy;yhh;f;Fk; nga;Ak; kio ,g;ghly; ehd; fbapYk; ,uz;lhk; mbapd; ,Wjpr; rPhpYk; xNu vJif ngw;W xU tpfw;gj;jhd; te;j Nehpir ntz;gh 3. cd;Ds; fiyitj;jha; Cf;f kiy itj;jha; fd;dy; nkhopnad;Dk; fs; itj;jha; - kpd;ditj;jha; kz;zpy; GJik kyh;f;Fs; kzk; jz;zPh;j;jkpNo eP-jha; ,J ,Utpyw;gj;jhd; te;j Nehpir ntz;gh

3. ,d;dpir ntz;gh jha; jkf;Nf xg;gpiy juzpapy; vg;nghOJk;

100 Nra; ek;ikr; rPuhl;b nre;ePiug; ghyhf;fp tha; topaha;? jh%l;b tho;tpf;Fe; nja;tnkhd;W jha; NghYk; cz;lhNkh jhd;

,g;ghlypy; ,uz;lhk; mbapy; jdpr; nrhy; ,y;yhky; ehd;F mbfSk; xUtpfw;gj;jhs; te;Js;sd (,uz;lhk; vOj;J a; vJifahfp xd;wp te;Js;sJ) jhdq; nfhLf;Fe; jifikAk; khdj;jh; Fw;wq;fbe;j nthOf;fTk; - njw;nwd gy; nghUzPq;fpa epe;ijAk; ,k;%d;Wk; ey; tpidahh;f;Ff; fapW. ,g;ghly; ,uz;lhk; mbapw; jdpr; nrhy; te;Js;sJ. te;Js;sjhy;> ,J ,d;dpir ntz;ghthapw;W. 4. gnwhil ntz;gh ntz;ghtpd; nghJ ,yf;fzk; ngw;W Ie;jb Kjy; gd;dpuz;L mb tiu ngw;W tUtJ (v.L) Kf;fdpNa Kg;ghNy ! %thj Kj;jkpNo ! nrhf;fdJ khefiur; #o;e;j ngUk; NgNw ! gz;Gzh;j;Jk;; MrhNd ghh; Nghw;Wk; ! NjD}w;Nw fz;Nz eP Qhyf; fdp ,g;ghly; <w;wb Kr;rPiuAk; Vida mbfs; ehd;F rPuiaAk; te;j gnwhil ntz;gh. 5. Nehpirr; rpe;jpay; ntz;gh ntz;ghtpd; nghJ ,yf;fzk; ngw;W Nehpir ntz;ghitg; Nghy ,uz;lhk; mbapd; ,Wjpapy; jdprrPh; ngw;W> xUtpfw;gj;jhDk; ,Utpfs;fj;jhDk; %d;wbfsha; tUtJ. (v.L) mwpe;jhid Vj;jp mwpthq;fwpe;J rpwe;jhh;f;Fr; nry;tDiug;g - rpwe;jhh; rpwe;jik Muha;e;J nfhz;L %d;wb cilajha; xUtpfw;gkha; ,uz;lhk; mbapd; ,Wjpapy; jtpr; nrhy; ngw;W te;j Nrhpirr; rpe;jpay; ntz;gh 6. ,d;dpirr; rpe;jpay; ntz;gh ntz;ghtpd; nghJ ,yf;fzk; ngw;W %d;wb nfhz;ljha; jdpr; nrhy; ,d;wp xU tpfw;go;jhDk; gytpfw;gj; jhDk; %d;wbahy; tUtJ (v.L) ghh; nkhopfs; mj;jidf;Fk; ghq;fhd ew;whahk; rPh; nfhz;l nre;jkpNo rpe;jidapy; Vw;wpLtha; ghh; KOJk; rhw;wpLtha; ghae;J ,J ,uz;lhk; mbapy; jspr; nrhy; ,d;wp xU tpfw;gj;jhd; te;j ,;d;dpir rpe;jpay; ntz;gh 2. Mrphpag;gh Mrphpag;ghtpd; nghJ ,yf;fzk; 1. mstbfs; (ehd;F rPh;) ngw;W tUk; Mdhy ehd;fbapYk; %d;W tpjw;gfs;

101 2. ,aw;rPh; (khr;rPh;> tpsr; rPh;> gapd;W tUk;) gpw rPUk; tUk; - tQ;rp Ahpr;rPh; thuh. 3. Mrphpaj; jisfs; gapd;W tUk; gpw jisfs; fye;J tUk; 4. %d;wbr; rpw;nwy;iyAk; ghLk; Gythpd; kdf; fUj;jpw;Nfw;g gy mbfisg; ngw;W tUk; 5. mfNthir ngw;W tUk; 6. <w;wbapy; <w;Wr;rPh; Vfhuj;jpy; KbtJ rpwg;G Mrphpag;ghtpd; tiffs; Mrphpag;ghtpw;F mftw;gh vd;w ngaUk; cz;L. tiffs; 1. Nehpir Mrphpag;gh 2. ,izf;Fws; Mrphpag;gh 3. epiy kz;by Mrphpag;gh 4. mb khwp kz;by Mrphpag;gh vd ehd;F tifg;gLk;. 1. Nehpir Mrphpag;gh Mrphpag;ghtpd; nghJ ,yf;fzk; ngw;W> <w;wayb Kr;rPiuAk;> gpw mbfs; ehr;rPuhAk; tUtJ Nehpir Mrphpag;gh. (v.L) ghhp ghhp vd;W gy Vj;jp xUtw; Gfo;th; nre;ehg;; Gyth; ghhp xUtD ky;yd; khhpAk cd; Bq; FyF Gug;gJNt

2. ,izf; Fws; Mrphpag;gh Mrphpag;ghtpd; nghJ ,yf;fzk; ngw;W> Kjy; mbAk;> filrp mbAk; ehw; rPh; mbfshfTk;> ,lilapy; cs;s mbfs; ,UrPh; (Fwsb) mbfisAk;> Kr;rPh; (rpe;jb) mbfisAk; nfhz;L tUtJ. (v.L) ePhpd; jd;ikAk; jPapd; ntk;ikAk; rhur; rhh;e;J jPu;j; jPUk; rhuy; ehld; Nfz;ik rhur; rhur; rhh;e;J jPuj; jPuj jPh;nghy; yhNj

1.

epiy kz;by Mrphpag;gh Mrphpag;ghtpd; nghJ ,yf;fzk; ngw;W> vy;yh mbfSk; ehw;rPh; mbfsha; tUtJ epiy kz;ly Mrphpag;gh vdg;gLk;.

2. mb kwp kz;by Mrphpag;gh Mrphpag;ghtpd; nghJ ,yf;fzk; ngw;W> vy;yh mbfisAk; Kd; gpd;dhf khw;wp khw;wpg; gbj;jhYk; XirAk; nghUSk; khwhJ tUtJ. (v.L) jha; nkhop tsh;j;jy; jkpoh; jq; flNd tha; nkhop Guj;jy; kw;wth; flNd fha; nkhop jtph;j;jy; fw;wth; flNd Ma;; nkhop Aiuj;jy; mwpQh; jq; flNd

102 ,g;ghlypy; cs;s mbfis Kd; gpd;dhf khw;wpdhYk; ghlypd; XirAk; nghUSk; khwhky; tUfpd;wJ. fypg;gh

(v.L) ,izahh; jpUtb vd; jiy Nky; itj;jYNk Jizahh; Rw;wq;fs; mj;jidAk; Jwe; njhope;Njd; mizahh; Gzw;wpy;iy mk;gyj;Nj MLfpd;w Gizahsd; rPh;ghbg; G+ty;yp nfha;ahNkh? thQ;rpg;gh

(v.L)

ke;jh epyk; te; jirg;g ntz; rhkiu Gil ngah; jur nre;jhkiu ehz; kyh; kpir vd tpyq;F ,dpjpd; xJq;fpa ,iwtid kd nkhop nka;fspd; tzq;FJk; kfpo;e;Nj

29. ,dkpy;yh mil nkhop nghUs;fis ,dk; gphpj;J mwpa acjTk; milnlkhop ,dKs;s mil nkhopahFk; (v.L) ntz;zpyh> fUq;fhf;if> nrq;fjpNuhd; ,dkpy;yh mil nkhopfs; ,y;yhj xd;iwf; $WtJ ,dkpy;yh milnklhopahFk;. v.L fU epyT> ntz;fhf;if fUq;fjpNuhd; cs;Siw ctkk;

nja;tk; xope;j Vida fUg; nghUs;fis ntspg;gilaha; NtW nghUs; Njhd;wf; $wp mj; njhlh; jhk; fUjpa nghUSf;F ctik Nghy mika mjpypUe;J jhk; fUjpaijj; Jy;ypakhfg; Gyg;glr; nra;jyhk;. (v.L) mUk;G Kjph;g;G ed;khd; cioapd; NtWglj; Njhd;wp tpoTf;fhyk; fkOk; cuT ePh;r; Nrh;g;g ,t;tbfspy; nea;jy; epyj;jpd; tsk; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ. jhioapd; mUk;g Kjph;e;J ey;y ngz;khd; jiy rha;e;J epw;gJ Nghy Ntwha;j; Njhd;wp tpoh eilngWk; ,lj;ijg; Nghy vq;Fk; kzj;ijg; gug;gpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; typa ePiu cila flw; fiuj; jiytNd vd;gJ ,jd; nghUs;. ,t;thW jiytp jiytDila epyj;ij tUzpj;jf; $Wk; $w;wpypUe;J jiytp jiytd; kPJ nfhz;l fhjypy; nghpJk; Kjph;e;J jd; Rw;wj;jhhplkpUe;J NtWgl;Lj; jiytDld; ,y;ywk; elj;Jk; nrt;tpaidg; ngw;Wtpl;lhs; vd;Dk; xU fUj;J ciwe;jpUg;gJ mwpf.

103

30. mzp ,yf;fzk; nra;Aspy; nghUs; moFk; nrhy;yoFk; Njhd;WkhW Gyth;fs; ghLtij mzp vd;fpNwhk;. 1. (jw;Fwpg;G Vw;w mzp) jw;Fwpg;Ngw;w mzp

(v.L) NghUoe; njhLj;j Mnuapy; neLq;nfhb thuy; vd;gd Nghy; kwpj;Jf;if fhl;l -rpyg;gjpfhuk; fhw;wpy; nfhbfs; mirjy; ,ay;thd epfo;r;rpahFk; - NfhtyDk; fz;zfpAk; kJiu efUf;Fs; GFk; NghJ kjpw; Rthpy; cs;s nfhbfs; mire;J nfhz;bUf;fpd;wd. mth;fs; kJiu efUf;fs; te;jhy; Nfhtyd;nrhy;yg;gLthd; fz;zfp ngUe;JaUog;ghs; vd;W fUjp kjpw; Rthpy; cs;s nfhbfs; tuhjPh; vd;W jLj;Jf; ifairg;gjhff; ftpQh; $Wfpwhh;. fhw;wpy; ,ay;ghf nfhb mirAk; epfo;r;rpapd; kPJ ftpQh; jd; fUj;ij Vw;wpf; $wpAs;sikahy; ,J jw;Fwpg;Ngw;w mzpahFk;. 2.tQ;rfg; Gfo;r;rp mzp xd;widg; Gfo;tJ Nghyg; gopj;jYk; gopg;gJ Nghyg; Gfo;jYk; tQ;rg; Gfo;r;rp mzpahFk;. ,t;tzp ,Nyr tzpapd; ghw;gLk;. Gfo;tJ Nghy; gopj;jy; i. Njth; midah; fath; mtUe;jhk;

Nktd nra; njhOfyhd - Fws;. fath;fs; jk; kdk; tpUk;Gk; nray;fisj; jLg;ghwpd;wp> jhk; tpUk;Gk; nray;fsir; nra;Ak; Njth;fSf;F xg;ghdth;fs; vd;W ,f;Fwl;ghtpd; nghUs;. fath;fs; Njh;fSf;F xg;ghdth;fs; vd;W Gfog;gLtJ Nghyj; Njhd;Wk;. Mdhy; Njth;fs; cah;e;jnray;fisNa nra;th;. fahth;fs; ,ope;j nray;fisNa

nra;th; vd;gJ Fwpg;ghy; ngwg;gLtjhy; ,J fath;fisg; Gfo;tJ Nghy gopg;gjhFk;. ii. gopg;gJ Nghy;g; Gfo;jy; ghhp ghhp vd;W gy Vj;jp xUtw Gfo;th; nre;ehg; Gyth; ghhp xUtD ky;yd; khhpAKd; Bq; FyF Gug;gJNt. ghhpia ,fo;tJ Nghy; Gfo;tJ. 3. ,Ul;Lw nkhopjy; mzp xU nrhy;Nyh xU nrhw;nwhlNuh ,U nghUl;gl tUjy; mzpahFk;. ,jidr; rpNyil mzp vd;W $Wth;. xU nrhy; gphpT glhky; jdpj;J epd;W gy nghUs; jUtJ nrk;nkhopr; rpNyilahFk;. nrhw;nwhlh; gy tifahfg; gphpf;fg;gl;L gy nghUs;fisj; jUtJ gphp nkhopr; rpNyilahFk;. (v.L) 2 tQ;rp Nad; vd;wtd; jd; CUiuj;jhd; ahDktd; tQ;rpahd; vd;gjdhy; ,g;ghly; tQ;rpNad; vd;Dk; nrhy; tQ;rp khefiur; Nrh;e;jtd; vd;Wk;>

104 tQ;rpf;f khl;Nld; vd;Wk; ,uz;L nghUs; jUfpwJ. ,J nrk;nkhopr; rpNyilahFk;. M. gphp nkhopr;rpNyil

MtYld; ghtyUk; MWfhy; tz;bdKk; fhtyiur; #Oq; fyirNa ,g;ghl;by; mbapy; cs;s fhtyh; vd;Dk; nrhy; gphpT ,y;yky; kd;dh; vd;w nghUisAk; gphpj;jhy; Nrhiyapy; cs;s kyiuf; Fwpg;gjhy; ,J gphp nkhopr; rpNyilahFk;. 4. gpd;tU epiy mzp xU nra;Aspy; Kd;dh; te;j nrhy;Nyh my;yJ nghUNsh gyKiw gpd;dUk; tUtJ gpd;tU epiy mzp. m. nrhy; gpd; tUepiymzp nra;Aspy; Kd;dh; te;j nrhy; NtW nghUspy; gy Kiw tUtJ. (v.L) cs;sk; cilik cilik nghUSilik epy;yhJ ePq;fp tpLk; - Fws; cilik vd;w nrhy;yhdJ> ngw;wpUj;jy;> cila> nghUs; vd NtW gl nghUspy; gy Kiw te;Js;sjhy; ,J nrhy; gpd; tUepiy mzpahFk;. M. nghUs; gpd; tUepiy mzp nra;Aspy; xNu nghUas; jUk; gy nrhw;fs; xNu nghUspy; kPz;Lk; tUtJ nghUs; gpd; tU epiy mzp vdg;gLk;. (v.L) mtpo;e;jd Njhd;wp myh; ejd fhah nefpo;e;jd Neh;Kf Ky;iy - kfpo;e;jpjo tpz;ld nfhd;iw tphpe;j fUtpis nfhz;ld fhe;js; Fiy ,g;ghlypy; kyh;jy; vd;Dk; nghUs; jUk; tifapy;> mtpo;jy;> myh;jy;; nefpo;jy;> tps;sy;> tphpjy; Mfpa nrhw;fs; te;jikahy; ,J nghUs; gpd; tUepiy mzp. ,. nrhw; nghUs; gpd; tUepiw mzp xU nra;Aspy ;Kjypy; te;j nrhy; mNj nghUspy; gy Kiw tUtJ nrhy; nghUs; gpd; tUepiy mzpahk; (v.L) vy;yh tpsf;Fk; tpsf;fy;y rhd;Nwhh;f;F ngha;ah tpsf;Nf tpsf;F tpsf;F vd;w nrhy; xNu nghUspy; gyKiw te;Js;sikahy; nrhw; nghUs; gpd; tUepiy mzp. 3. ctik mzp (v.L) cLf;if ,oe;jtd; if Nghy Mq;Nf ,Lf;fz; fistjhk; el;G

105

cLf;if ,oe;jtd; if vd;gJ ctik (ctkhdk;) ,Lf;fz; fistjhk; el;G vd;gJ ctikia Vw;Fk; nghUs;. (ctNkak;) Nghy vd;gJ ctk cUG xU nghUNshL kw;nwhU nghUis ,iza itj;J $WtJ ctik mzp. ctk cUG ntspg;gilahfj; njhpAk;. 1.vLj;Jf;fhl;L ctik mzp

(v.L) njhl;lizj; J}Wk; kzw;Nfdp khe;jh;f;F fw;wizj; J}Wk; mwpT. ,q;F ctikAk; nghUSk; jdpj;jdpahf ,Uf;fpwJ. Nghy vd;w ctk cUG kiwe;J te;jpUf;fpd;wJ ctk cUG ntspg;gilahfj; ;njhpahky; ghLtJ vLj;Jf;fhl;L ctik mzp vdg;gLk; 2. njhopy; ctik mzp

(v.L) nfhf; nfhf;f $k;Gk; gUtj;J kw;wjd; Fj;njhf;f rPh;j;j tplj;J. fhyj;ij vjph; ghh;j;Jf; fhj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; nraYf;F> ,iuia vjph;ghh;j;Jf; fhj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; nfhf;F ctikahfpwJ. 1. fhyk; tha;j;j NghJ nrayhw;wp Kbj;jw;F > ,iu nfhs;Stjw;F tha;g;Gf; fpilj;jTld; tpiue;J nfhj;Jk; nfhf;fpd; Fj;J ctikahFk;. ,t;thW $k;GjYk; Fj;jYkhfpa njhopy;fs; ctikahf te;jjhy; njhopy; ctik mzpahFk;. 3. Ntw;Wik mzp

xU nra;Aspy; Kjypy; ,U

nghUs;fSf;fpilapy; cs;s

xw;Wikiaf; $wp> gpd;dh;

;mtw;iw NtWgLj;jpf; $WtJ Ntw;Wik mzp vdg;gLk;. (nghJj; jd;ikahy; xd;WgLjy; rpwg;Gj; jd;ikahy; NtWgLjy;) v.L jPapdhy; Rl;l Gz; cs;shWk; MwhNj ehtpdhy; Rl;l tL 4. gpwpJ nkhopjy; mzp

xU ftpQd; jhd; $Wk; fUj;jpid ntspg;gilahff; $whky; mjw;F xg;ghd NtnwhU fUj;ij my;yJ epfo;itf; $wp mjd; %yk; jhd; $w te;jij Fwpg;ghy; czh;j;JtJ MFk;. (v.L) 1. gPyp nga; rhfhLk; mr;rpWk;> mg;gz;lk; rhy kpFj;Jg; ngapd; 2. neLk; GdYs;; nty;Yk; Kjiy Fws;

106 mLk;Gdypd; ePq;fpy; mjid nty;Yk; gpw. Mokhd ePhpy; Kjiy nty;Yk; ePh; epiyapypUe;J ePq;fp ntspNa te;jhy; mjid gpw caph;fs; nfhy;Yk; ctkhdk; kl;Lk; Fwpg;gpl;L ctNkak; Fwpg;gplg;glhky; tplg;gLtJ.................. gpwpJ nkhopjy; mzpahFk;. 3. flNyhlh fhy;ty; neLe;Njh; flNyhLk; ehthAk; Xlh epyj;J - Fws; 4. fhyho; fshpd; ehpg; gLq; fz;zQ;rh Ntyhs; Kfj;j fspW - Fws; 10. cUtf mzp Fws;

ctkhdk; NtW ctNkak; NtW vd;W njhpahj tifapy; ctkhdj;jpd;; jd;ikia ctNkaj;jpd; Nky; Vw;wpf; $WtJ cUt mzp MFk;. (v.L) kdndDk; Njhzp gw;wp kjpnaDk; Nfhiy Cd;wp rpdnkDk; ruf;if Vw;wp nrwpfly; XLk; NghJ kdntDk; ghiw jhf;fp kwpAk; Nghjwpa nthz;zhJ cidADk; czh;it ey;fha; xw;wpA+h; cila NfhNt ,jpy; kdk; NjhzpahfTk;. kjp NfhyhfTk;> rpdk; ruf;fhfTk;> kid ghiwahfTk; cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sjhy; ,J cUtf mzp 11. VfNjr cUtf mzp

xU nra;Aspy; cUtfKk; ,d;ndhU cUtfj;Jld; njhlh;G ngw;W tUtJ (v.L) rpdnkDk; Nrh;e;jhiuf; nfhy;yp ,dnkDk; Vkg; Giziar; RLk; - Fws; rpdk; - neUghf cUtfg;gLj;jy; gl;lJ ghJfhg;G - njg;gkhf cUtfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ rpdk; vd;Dk; neUg;G ,dk; vd;Dk; ghJfhg;Gj; njg;gj;ijr; RLk; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplg;gl;lJ. ,t;thW miktJ VfNjr cUtf mzpahFk;. NkYk; ,uz;L nghUs;fSs; xd;iw kl;Lk; cUtfk; nra;J kw;wij cUtfk; nra;ahkNy tpl;LtpLtJk; MFk;. gpwtpg; ngUq;fly; ePe;Jth; ePe;jh ,iwt db Nruhjhh; Fws;

gpwtpia flyhf cUtfpj;J mjid flf;f cjTk; ,iwtdbia njg;gkhf cUtfg;gLj;jhky; tpl;lJ ,J VfNjr cUtf mzp MFk; 12. ,ay;G etpw;rp mzp

107 cs;sij cs;sthW ,ay;ghd Kiwapy; moFglg; nghUs; tpsq;FkhW $WtJ etpw;rp mzp (v.L) Kaw;rp jpUtpid ahf;Fk; Kaw;wpd;ik ,d;ik GFj;jp tpLk; - Fws; fUj;J: Kaw;rp vd;gJ vy;yh tif cah;TfisAk; xUtDf;F jUk;. Kaw;rp vJTk; ,y;yhj Nrhk;gy; vd;gJ nfhba tWikia cz;lhf;Fk;. ,J Kaw;rp> Kaw;rpapd;ik Mfpatw;wpy; tpisTfis ts;Sth; cs;sij cs;sthW ,ay;ghf $wpAs;shh;. 13. cah;T etpw;rp mzp nra;Aspy; xU nghUspd; cah;it kpfTk; cah;j;jp> rpwg;gpj;J Gfo;e;J> moF glf; $WtJ cah;T etpw;rp mzp vdg;gLk; ,ay;G

(v.L) thd; Gfo; nfhz;l jkpo;ehL ,g;ghlypy; Gfopd; kpFjpiaf; fhl;l thd; Gfo; vd;w njhlh; gad;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. thdsTf;F cah;e;jJ > thd; Nghy gwe;jJkhd Gfiof; nfhz;lJ jkpo;ehL vd;gJ ,jd; nghUs;. 14. Ntw;Wg; nghUs; itg;gzp

xU ftpQh; jhd; $w tpUk;Gk; rpwg;G nghUis cyfkwpe;j nghJg; nghUspd; %yk; typAWj;JtJ Ntw;Wg; nghUs; itg;gzp vdg;gLk; (v.L) (m) ciu KbT fhzh ,sikNahd; vd;w eiu KJ kf;fs; ctg;g eiu Kbj;Jr; nrhy;yhy; Kiw nra;jhd; Nrhod; Fytpr;ir fy;yhky; ghfk; gLk;. gonkhop ehD}W

m. ,r;nra;Aspy; Fyj;jpw;Fhpa fy;tp fy;yhkNy ,ay;ghf mikAk; vd;gJ nghJg; nghUs;. ,g;nghUs; nfhz;L kpfTk; ,isatdhd fhpfhyd; ePjpia toq;FthNdh vd IAw;w eiu KJ kf;fs; kd kfpOk;gb Kjpatdha; Ntlk; G+z;L ePjp toq;fpdhd; vd;w rpwg;Gg; nghUis Gyth; tpsf;fpAs;shh;. MfNt ,r; nra;Aspy; mike;Js;sJ Ntw;Wg; nghUs; itg;gzp MFk;. M. tphp kiof; Fyq; fpopj; njhspW kpd;ndd fU epwj; juf;fpah; FOtpy; fz;ldd mDkd; rPijiaf; fz;l tpguk; $wg;gl;lJ fhh; fhy Nkfj;jpD}Nl Njhd;Wk; xsp nghUe;jpa kpd;diyg; Nghy fU epwq; nfhz;l muf;fpah; $l;lj;jpd; eLNt xsp nghUe;jpa epwj;ij cila fz;ldd vd;gJ nghUs; 15.jd;ik mzp (v.L) ePy kzp kplw;wd; ePz;l ril Kbad; E}yzpe;j khgh;gd; Ejy; tpopad; NjhYilad; ifk; khd; kwpad; fdd; kOtd; fr;rhiy vk;khd; ,iwNahh;f;fF ,iw rpt ngUkhdhfpa guk; nghUs; ,lj;jpYs;s gy tpjkhd jd;ikfs; ,g;ghlypy; eaKwf; $wg;gLtjhy; ,J jd;ik mzp MFk;. 5. jPtf mzp rPijiaf; fk;guhkhazk;

108

jPtfk; vd;why; tpsf;F vd;W nghUshFk;. Xh; ,lj;jpy; itf;fg;gl;l tpsf;fpd; xsp gy ,lj;jpYk; nrd;W nghUs;fis tpsf;Fjy; Nghy nra;Aspy; Xhplj;jpypUf;Fk; nrhy; gy ,lq;fSf;Fk; nrd;W nghUs;fis tpsf;Ftjhy; ,J jPtf mzp vd;W $wg;gl;lJ. Fze; njhopy; rhjp nghUs; Fwpj;J xU nrhy; xUitapd; epd;Wk; gyitapd; nghUs; jhpd; jPtfQ; nra;As;; %tplj;jpaYk; fUj;Jiu

Fzj;jhYk; rhjpahYk; > njhopyhYk; nghUshdhYk; xU nrhy; Xhplj;J epd;W nra;Aspy; gy tplj;J epd;w nrhw;fNshL nghUe;jp nghUs; tpisg;gJ jPtfk vd;Dk; myq;fhuk; mJ nra;Aspy;> Kjy; >,il> fil (Kjdpiy>,ildpiy> fildpiy) (v.L) 17. tpsf;fzp (v.L) vd;w %d;W ,lj;Jk; Gyg;gLk;.

kidf;F tpsf;F klthh; klthh; jkf;F jif rhy; Gjy;th; kdf;fpdpa fhjw; Gjy;tw;Ff; fy;tpNa fy;tpf;F Xjpy; Gfo; rhh; czh;T tpsf;fzp ,y;ywj;jpw;F tpsf;fk; klg;gj;jpDila ngz;bh; cz;lhjy; mg; ngz;bw;F tpsf;fk; moF rhd;w Gjy;tidg; ngWjy;. mg; Gjy;th;f;F tpsf;fk; ,dpikahd fy;tp. mf;fy;tpf;F jtpsf;fk; kwthik. 18. Kd;d tpsf;fzp (v.L) nry;Y newpaidj;Jk; Nrk newpahf ky;f epjpak; tsQ; rpwf;f nty;Yk; mlw;Nwhh; tpliy mfd;Wyp ahjpt; tplj;Nj gpwe;j ahk;. fUj;J Nrk newpahf> epjpak; ky;f> tsQ; rpwf;f vd Njhop Kd;djhf thoj;jpa gpd;dh;> eP gphpapd; ahq;fd; ,wg;Nghk;- Mjypd; eP gphpe;J nry;Yk; ,lj;J ahq;fd; gpwg;Nghkhf vdf; $Wtjd; %yk; jiytDila nraiyf; Fwpg;gpdhy; tpsf;Fjypd; ,J Kd;d tpsf;fzp Mapw;W

tpghtid azp xd;iw ciuf;Fq;fhy; mt;tpidf;Fg; gyUk; mwpa tUk; fhuzk; xopj;J gphpnjhU fhuzkhf ,ay;ghf Fwpg;gpd; ntspg;gl ciug;gJ.

109 (v.L) jPapd;wp Ntfk; jkpNahh; rpe;ij njhONjwy; thapd;wp kQ;iQ kfpo J}q;Fk; thapyhh; ,d;wpr; rpyh; Cly; jPh;e;jhh; ,fypd;wpf; fd;wpr; rpy tisf;Fq; fhh;. fUj;J Jizapd;wp jdpj; jpUg;;NghUila kdk; neUg;gpy;yhkNy NtFk;. nropg;ghd fs;is cz;zhkNy

kapy;fs; kfpo;r;rp NahbUf;Fk;. Cly; jPh;g;gjw;F chpa thapy;fs; ,y;yhkNy rpy ngz;fs; Cly; jPh;e;jdh;. Nkfk; ahUlDk; khWghL nfhs;shkNy Nfhgp;j;J ,e;jputpy;iy tisf;Fk; NtFjw;Fj; jPAk;> kfpo;jw;F fs;Sk;> Cly; jPh;j;jw;FthapYk;> tpy;tisj;jw;F khWghLk; ,d;wpaikahj fhuzq;fs; vdpDk; ,it ,d;wpNa mt;tr; nray;fs; epfo;e;jd vd;gjhk;. ,J tpghtid

Mapw;W. ,q;qdk; $wNt ,jw;Ff; fhuzk; fhh; fhyk; vd;gJ ca;j;Jzh;e;j nfhs;sg;gltjhFk;. 20. xl;lzp

,t;tzpapidg; gpwpJ nkhopjy;> Etyh Etw;rp> RUq;fr; nrhy;yy; njhif nkhop vd;w ngah;fshYk; toq;;Fth; ftpQh; jd;dhy; fUjg;gl;l nghUis kiwj;J mjid ntspg;gLj;Jtjjw;Fj; jf;f

gpwpnjhd;wpidr; nrhy;ypd; mJ xl;L mzp vd;Wk; ngah; ngWk;. (v.L) gPyp nga; rhfhLk; mr;rpWk; mg;gz;lk; rhy kpFj;Jg; ngapd; 21. mjpra tsp

ftpQh; jhd; fUjpa nghUshdJ tsg;ig cte;J nrhy;Yq;fs; cyf eil ,wthj jd;ikj; jhfp cah;e;Njhh; tpag;Gwr; nrhy;tJ mjprak; vd;Dk; myq;fhuk; (v.L) mkpo;jpd;; Mw;w ,dp NjJk; kf;fs; rpWif mshtpa $o; jpUf;Fws;

tp;j;Jk; ,ly; Ntz;Lk; nrhy;Nyh tpUe;Njhk;gp kpr;rpy kpirthd; Gyk; 22. VJtzp

ahjhDk; xU nghUs; rpwe;J ,jdhy; ,J epfo;e;jJ vd;W fhuzk; tpje;J nrhy;YtJ VJ vd;Dk; myq;fhuk; mJ fhuf NtJ vd;Wk; Qhgf NtJ vd;Wk; ,U tifg;gLk; fhufk; - njhopiy ,aw;W tpg;gJ Qhgfk; - mwptpg;gJ (v.L) nrhy; tzf;fk; xd;dhh;fs; nfhs;sw;f tpy;tzf;fk; jPq;F Fwpj;jikahd; - Fws; fUj;J

110 tpy;ypd; tzf;fk; Jd;gk; jUtijg; Nghy> giftUila nrhy; tzf;fKk; Jd;gk; jUk; Mjyhy; mjidf; nfhs;sw;f vd;W fhuzk; fhl;bf; $Wtjhy; ,J VJ tzp.

23. El;g tzp (v.L) fhjyd; nky;Yaph;f;Ff; fhty; Ghpe;jhd; Ngijaph; Mak; gphpahj khjh; glhpUs; fhy; rPf;Fk; gfytid Nehf;fp Fljpiria Nehf;Fk; Fwpg;G tpsf;fTiu

fhjypf;fg;gl;l jiytDila nky;Yaph;f;Fk; ghpfhuk; nra;jYk; NghYk; klg;gj;ijAila Maj;jhuhy; gphpahJ #og;gl;l khjh; cyfpw;F glh; nra;Ak; ,UspdJ mbia mWf;fpd;w Qhapw;iwg; ghh;j;J Nkw;F jpiriag; ghh;f;Fk; cs;sf; fUj;J. ,jd; fz; jiytp Fljpiria Nehf;fpa Fwpg;ghdJ jiytdpd; caph;f;Ff; fhtyhapw;W vd;Dk; Fwpg;ghy; jiytp ,uTf; Fwpf;Fk; cld;gl;lhs; vd;Dk; fUj;J El;gkhfg; ngwg;gLjyhy; El;g mzp Mapw;W. 24. ,Nyr tzp fUjpaJ ntspg;gLj;Jk; rj;Jt khfpa Fzq;fisg ; gphpnjhd;why; epfo;e;j itahf kiwj;Jr; nrhy;tJ ,Nyrk; vd;gjhFk; Fjpiu kPJ Nrhod; cyh tUtijf; fz;l ngz;fs; mtd; moiff; fz;L fhKw;wjhy; Vw;gl;l fz;zPiu mq;;nfOe;j GOjpahy; Vw;gl;lJ vdg; gpwpjpd; kWj; Jiuahb ,Ue;jjdhy; ,J ,Nyr tzpahdJ. (v.L) fy;Yah; Njhl fps;sp ghp nfhOJ fz; gdp Nrhu nkypypayhh; Njhopah; Kd; Ntnwhd;W nrhy;Ytuhy; nghq;Fk; gil gug;g kPnjOe;j G+e;Jfs Nrh;e;J vq;fz; fYo;ejd thy; vd;W 25. epuy; epiy mzp nrhy;iyAk; nghUisAk; thpirahf epWj;jp thpirahfg; nghUs; nfhs;Sk; ghq;fpy; $WtJ (v.L) md;Gk; mwDk; cilj;jhapd; ;,ythof;if gz;Gk; gaDk; mJ - Fws; md;Gk; mwDk; vd;Dk; nrhw;fis thpirahff; $wp gz;Gk; gaDk; vd mtw;wpw;F ,iaghf cs;s nrhw;fisAk; Kiw glf; $Wtjhy; ,J epuy; epiu mzp 26. Kuz; mzp (v.L) ,dpa csthf ,d;dhj $wy; fdpapUg;gf; fha;fth;e;jw;W (,dpa> ,d;dhj nrhw;fs; cs;sd)

27. tpw;G+l;L mzp

111 xU ghlypy; Kjy; nrhy; NyhL ,Wjr; nrhy; te;J nghUe;jp nghUs; jUk; mikg;G> tpw;G+l;L MFk;. <d;w nghOjpy; nghpJtf;Fk; jd; kfidr; rhd;Nwhd; vdsf; Nfl;l jha; - Fws; ,jpy; jha; vd;Dk; ,Wjpr; nrhy;yhf tUk; vOtha; <d;w nghOjpy;; nghpJtf;Fk; vd Kjy; njhlNuhL nghUe;jp epdW nghUs; je;J ,ia fpd;wJ. 28. me;jhjp mzp xU nra;Aspd; ,Wjpapy; tUk; mirNah> nrhy;iyNah> vOj;Njh mLj;J tUk; nra;Aspy; Kjypy; tUkhW mikg;gJ me;jhjp MFk;. 29. ,y; nghUs; ctik azp cyfpy; ,y;yhj nghUis xd;wpw;F ctikahf;fpf; $WtJ (v.L) md;gfj;jpy;yh caph; tho;f;if td;ghw; fz; tw;wy; kuk; jsph;j;jw;W - Fws; cs;sj;jpy; mds;gpyyhj xUth; FLk;g tho;f;if elj;JtJ vd;gJ ghiy epyj;jpy; ghiytdj;jpy; gl;Lg; Nghd kuk; jsph; tpl;L tsh;tjw;F xg;ghdJ vd ,y;yhj nghUis ctkpj;Jf; $Wfpwhh;. 30. klf;fzp xNu njhlh;;klq;fp te;J ,UNtW nghUisj; je;jhy; mJ klf;F mzpahFk;. (v.L) MtYld; ghtyUk; MWfhy; tz;bd Kk; fhtyiur; #Ok; fyirNa - NkTk; mhpitak; ghfj;jhd; munzhL Kd;;nwa; Nthd; mhpitak; ghfj;jhd; mfk;. ,r;nra;Aspy; mhpitak;ghfpjhd; vd;w njhlh; ,uz;L mbfspYk; thpJy;yJ Kjy; mbapy; cs;sJ mhp + it ghfj;jhd; vdg; gphpj;J jpUkhiyf; $hpa mk;ghff; nfhz;L vdg; nghUs; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. (mhp-jpUkhy;> it-$h;ik> mk;ghfj;jhd; - mk;ghf. ,uz;lhk; mbapy; te;Js;s mNj njhliu mhpir + mk; + ghfj;;jhd; vdg; gphpj;J ckh Njtpia ,lg;ghfj;Nj nfhz;l rpt ngUkhd; vdg; nghUs; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. (mhpzh - ckh Njtp> mk; + mofpa) ghfj;jhd; - ,lg; ghfj;Nj cilatd;) ,t;thW xNu njlh; klq;fp te;J ,UNtW nghUisj; je;jhy; klf;fzp Mapw;;W. 31. M ,ilepiy tpsf;fzp xU nrhy; ,ilapy; epd;W Kd;Dk; gpd;Dkha; <hplj;Jk;; nghUs; jUtJ. (v.L) me;jdh; vd; Nghh; mwNthh; ahth;f;Fk; nre; jiyik G+z; nlhOfyhd; ,jpy; ahth;f;Fk; vd;w nrhy; ,ilepiyahf ,Ue;J Kd;Dk; gpd;Dk; Nrh;e;J thrpf;f nghUs; rhpahf ,Uf;fpwJ. 32. 1. Fwpg;G

(v.L) jiyf;Fk; gj;J gok; nfhL - Fwpg;gr; nrhy; (jiyika acila kdpjidf; Fwpg;gJ) 2. xd;nwhop nghJr; nrhy; (v.L)

112 m. Mapuk; kf;fs; Nghh;f;fsk; nrd;wdh;. kf;fs; vd;gJ cah;jpiz. Mz;ghy;> ngz;ghy; ,uz;ilAk; Fwpf;Fk; nghJr; nrhy;. Nghh;f; fsk; nrd;wdh; vd;gjhy; ngz;ghyiu ePf;fp Mz; ghyiu kl;LNk Fwpf;Fk;. ,t;thW xd;nwhopj;Jf; $Wtjhy; ,J )xd;nwhop nghJr; nrhy; MFk;) M. ,k;khL taypy; cOjJ khL vd;gJ mwpiz Mz;ghy;> ngz;ghy; ,uz;ilAk; Fwpf;Fk;. Mdhy; cOtJ vUJ (Mz;) kl;LNk. ngz; ghy; tpyf;fp khL vd;gJ Mz;ghiyf; Fwpg;gjhy; ,f;Fwpg;gpd; nghUs; czh;j;JfpwJ. (xd;nwhop nghJr; nrhy; MFk;) 3. ,dk; Fwpj;jy; xU nrhy; xU nghUis czh;j;JtNjhL> mjw;F ,dkhdtw;iwAk; Nrh;j;J czh;;j;JtJ ,dk;

Fwpj;jy; MFk;. (v.L) NrhW cz;lhd; ,jpy NrhW vd;gJ mjw;F ,dkhd fha;fwp Kjypatw;iwAk; cld; Fwpg;gJ ,dk; Fwpj;jyhFk;.

gytif tpguk;

njhil vj;jid tifg;gLk;? 1. Nkhidj; njhil 2. vJifj; njhil 3. Kuz; njhil 4. ,izGj; njhil 5. msngilj; njhil 6. ,ul;ilj; njhil 7. me;jhjpj; njhil 8. nre;njhil rpy njhifr; nrhw;fs;

,Utpid> ,U jpiz> Kj;jkpo;> Kg;ghy;> %tplk;> %Nte;jh;> ehw;wpil> ehepyk;> Ie;jpiz. Ik;ghy;> Ik;Gyd;> Ik; nghwp ts;syhdpd; mwpTiufs; 1. je;ij jha; nkhopiaj; js;sp elf;fhhNj

113 2. FUit - tzq;f $rp epw;fhNJ 3. ntapYf;F xJq;fk; tpUl;rk; mopf;fhNj 4. ey;Nyhh; kdj;ij eLq;fr; nra;ahNj 5. kd nkhj;j el;Gf;F tQ;rfk; nra;ahNj 6. nghUs; ,r;rpj;Jk; ngha; nrhy;yhNJ 7. Viofs; tapW vhpar; nra;ahNJ 8. grpj;Njhh; Kfj;ijg ghuhjpuhNj 9. ,ug;Nghhf;Fg; gpr;ir ,y;iy vd;dhNj 10. jhdk; nfhLg;Nghiu jLJ;J epWj;jhNj Ke;ePh; vd;gJ 1. Mw;W ePh; 2. Cw;W eP h; 3. kio ePh; ePNuhl;lf akfk; vd;gJ g>k> Nghd;w ,jo;fs;,izAk; vOj;Jf;fspd;wp ghLtJ ePNuhl;l akfk; vdg;gLk;. ,ul;ilj; njhil vd;gJ xU mb KOtJk; xU nrhy; jpUk;g jpUk;g tUk; tifapy; njhFg;gJ (v.L) thopa thopa thopa thopa gjpndz; rpj;jh;fs ; ahth;

mfj;jpah;>Gyj;jpah;> GRz;lh;>ee;jp> jpU%yh;> fhyhq;fp ehjh> Nghfh; nfhq;fzh;> cNuhk Kdp> rl;il Kdp> kr;r Kdp f&uhh;> jd; te;jphp>Njiuahh;> gpz;zhf;F> <rh;>Nfhuf;fh;> G+fp Kdp> ,ilf;fhlh;

rpNyil ae;jhjp

,U nghUs; gaf;Fk; rpNyilg; nghUz;ik NahL E}W ghly;fs; me;jhjp ahg;gpy; mikAkhW ghLtJ. jphpge;jhjp xU nra;Aspd; ehd;F mbfspYk; Kjy; vOj;J kl;Lk; jphpe;J khWgl;L> Vida vOj;Jf;fs; xj;J epd;W nghUs; NtWgl;L me;jhjp ahg;gpy; miktJ. akf me;jhjp te;j nrhy;Yk; njhlUk; kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; te;J nghUs mb NjhWk ;NtWgl;L me;jhfp ahg;gpy; miktJ. nra;Aspd; ahg;G cWg;Gfs;- 6 vOj;J> rPh;> mir> jis> mb njhil Mrphpag;ghtpw;F chpa rPh; - ehd;F <uirr; rPh; fha;r;rPh; - 4 ntz;ghtpw;F chpaJ ,it ntz;gh chpr;rPh; vdg;gLk;.

114 fdpr;rPh; jis: epd;w rPhpd; <w;wirAk; tUk; rPhpd; Kjy;mirAk; xd;wpAk; xd;whkYk; tUtJ jis vdg;gLk;. xd;wptUtjhtJ : Neh; Kd; NeUk; epiu Kd; epiuAk; tUtJ. xd;whky; tUtJ Neh;Kd; epiuAk; epiuKd; NeUk; tUjy; fwwhisapd; NtW ngah; - Fkhp jisfs; tQ;rpg; ghtpw;F chpait - ,it tQ;rp chpr;rPh; vdg;gLk;.

1. Nenuhd;whrphpaj; jis - khKd;; Neh; tUtJ 2. epiu nahd;dhrphpaj; jis - tps Kd; epiu 3. ,aw; rP;h; ntz;lis - kh Kd; epiu & tps Kd; Neh; 4. ntz;rPh; ntz;lis - fha; Kd; Neh; 5. fypj; jis - fha; Kd; epiu tUtJ 6. xd;wpa tQ;rpj;jpiu - fdp Kd; epiu tUtJ 7. xd;whtQ;rpj; jiy - fdp Kd; Neh; tUtJ mb vj;jid tifg;gLk; - 4

1. Fwsb 2. rpe;jb 3. mstb 4.nebyb 5. fop nebyb Fwsb - mb NjhWk; ,UrPh; rpe;jb - mb NjhWk; %d;W rPh; mstb - mb NjhWk; ehd;F rPh; nebyb - mb NjhWk; 5 rPh;fs; fop nebyb - mb NjhWk; 6 my;yJ mjw;F Nkw;gl;l rPh;fs; tUtJ ,iwr;rp ( cj;jp)

$w te;j nghUs; ntspg; glhJ kiwthf ,Uf;f mjid czh;j;j NtnwhU nghUs; ntspg;gilahf epw;FkhW mikf;Fk; ,yf;fpa cj;jpNa ,iwr;rpahFk;. cs;Siw cj;jp

ntspg;gilahfj; njhpAk;nghUNshL gpwpnjhU nghUs; Gyg;gLkhW mikg;gJ cs;Siw cj;jpahFk;. cs;Siw ctkk; cs;Siw ctikapy; ctikiar; nrhd;d mstpy; ctkpf;fg;gLk; nghUs; Gyg;gLk;. ctkj;jpy; ctkpf;fg;gLk; nghUs; ntspg;gilahf ,uhJ. ctkpf;fg;gLk; nghUs; nja;tk; xope;j fUg; nghUshf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. cs;Ns kiwthfg; cs;Siw

gbe;J fplf;Fk; Fwpg;Gg; nghUis ctik Mw;wyhy; ntspg;gLj;jyhy; ,jid cs;Siw ctkk; vd;wdh;.

115 33. tpLgl;l rPh; fz;lwpjy; - jpUf;Fws; I. nra; ed;wp mwpjy; 1. fhyj;jpdhy; nra;j ed;wp rpwpJ vdpDk; Qhyj;jpd; khzg; nghpJ. 2. ve;ed;wp nfhd;whh;f;Fk; cz;Tz;lhk;> ca;tpy;iy nra;ed;wp nfhd;w kfw;F 3. ed;wp kwg;gJ ed;W md;W ed;W my;yJ md;Nw kwg;g Jed;W 4. gad; J}f;fhh; nra;j cjtp> ead; J}f;fpd; ed;ik> flypd; nghpJ nghUs;fUjhky; nra;Ak; cjtp flypDk; nghpJ. 5. jpidj; Jiz ed;wp nrapDk; gidj; Jizahf; nfhs;th; gad; njhpthh;. nghUs; nghp Nahh; jpid asG ed;ikiaAk; gidasT nghpjhff; nfhs;th; 6. cjtp tiuj; jd;W cjtp> cjtp nra;ag;gl;lhh; rhy; gpd; tiuj;J. nghUs; cjtpiag; ngw;Wf; nfhz;lthpd; jFjpNa cjtpapd; msthk;. 7. kwtw;f khrw;whh; Nfz;ik Jwtw;f Jd;gj;Js; Jg;G Mahh; el;G nghUs;

Fw;wkw;wth; el;ig kwf;ff; $lhJ> Mgj;jpy; cjtp nra;jth; el;ig tplf; $lhJ 8. vOik vO gpwg;Gk; cs;Sth;> jk; fz; tpOkk; Jilj;jth; el;G nghUs; nghpNahh; jd; Jd;gj;ij ePf;fpath;fis VO gpw;g;gpYk; kwf;f khl;lhh; 9.nfhd;W md;d ,d;dh nrapDk;> mth; nra;j xd;W vd;W> cs;sk;; nfLf nghUs; xUth; ekf;Fj; jPik nra;apDk;> mth; Kd; nra;j ed;ik xd;iw epidj;jhNy mj;jPik mopAk;. 10. nra;ahky; nra;j cjtpf;F> itafKk; thdfKk; Mw;wy; mhpJ. nghUs; jhd; cjtp nra;ahj NghJ> jdf;F xUtd; nra;j cjtpf;F <lhd cjtp xd;Wk; ,y;iy. II. xOf;fk; cilik 1. xOf;fk; tpOg;gk; juyhd;> xOf;fk; caphpDk; Xk;gLk; 2. ghpe; Njhk;gpf; fhf;f xOf;fk;> njhpe; Njhk;gp NjhpDk; mNj Jiz.

116 3. xOf;fk; cilik Fbik ; ,Of;fk; ,ope;j gwg;gha; tpLk; 4. kwg;gpDk; xj;Jf; nfhs;sy; MFk;. ghh;g;ghd; gpwg;G xOf;fk; Fd;wf; nfLk;. nghUs;

ghy;g;ghd; Ntjj;ij kwe;jhYk; fw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;. xOf;fk; nfl;lhy; mtd; cah;T mopAk;. 5. mOf;fhW cilahd; fz; Mf;fk; Nghd;W ,y;iy xOf;fk; ,yhd; cah;T nghUs;

xOf;fkw;wtd; cah;tila khl;lhd; 6. xOf;fj;jpd; xy;fhh; cuNthh;> ,Of;fj;jpd; Vjk; ghL ghf;F mwpe;J nghUs; Mrhuj;jpy; FiwtJ ,opthFk; vd;gij mwpe;J nghpNahh;fs; mijf; iftpl khl;lhh;fs;. 7. xOf;fj;jpd; va;Jth; Nkd;ik> ,Of;fj;jpd; va;Jth; vajhg; go; 8. ed;wpf;F tpj;jhFk; ey;nyhOf;fk;> jP xOf;fk; vd;Wk; ,Lk;ig jUk; nghUs;

ed;dlj;ij ed;ik jUk;> nfl;l elj;ij Jd;gk; jUk;. 9. xOf;fk; cilth;f;F xy;yhNt> jPa tOf;fpAk; thahy; nrhyy; 10. ctfj;Njh nlhl;l xOjy;> gyfw;Wk; fy;yhh; mwptpyhjhh;. III. nghiw cilik (nghWikiag; gpd;gw;Wk; jd;ik) 1. mfo;thiuj; jhq;Fk; epyk; Nghyj;> jk;ik ,fo;thiug; nghWj;jy; jiy 2. nghWj;jy;> ,wg;gpid vd;Wk;. mjid kwj;jy; mjdpDk; ed;W nghUs;

gpwh; nra;j gpioa nghWj;Jf; nfhs;StJ eyk;. mij kwe;J tpLjy; mijtplr; rpwe;jJ. 3. ,d;ikAs; ,d;ik> tpUe;J xuuhy;> td;ik td;ik> klthh;g; nghiw. nghUs;

tWikAs; tWik tpUe;jpdiug; Nghw;whik - ty;yikAs; ty;yik mwpahjhh; gpioiag; nghWj;jy; 4. epiwAilik ePq;fhik Ntz;bd; nghiw cilik Nghw;wp xOfg;gLk;.

117 nghUs;

epiwe;j Fzqfis tpUk;Gfpdwtd; nghWikAld; tho Ntz;Lk;. 5. xWj; jhiu xd;whf itahNu> itg;gh; nghWj;jhiug; nghd;Nghy; nghjpj;J 6. xWj;jhh;f;F xU ehis ,d;gk;. nghWj;jhh;f;Fg; nghd;Wk; JizAk; Gfo; nghUs; jz;bj;jtUf;F xU ehs;jhd; ,d;gk; nghWj;jth;f;Fk; ,wf;Fk; tiuapYk; Gfo; cz;L 7. jpwd; my;y jw;gpwh; nra;apDk;. Neh nehe;J mwd; my;y nra;ahik ed;W nghUs; gpwh; jkf;F jPik nra;jhYk;> jhd; jPik nra;Ahik ypUg;gJjhd; ey;yJ 8. kpFjpahy; kpf;fit nra;jhiuj; jhk; jk; jFjpahy; ntd;W tply; nghUs; fh;tj;jhy; gpwh; nra;Ak; jPikiag; nghWikahy; nty;y Ntz;Lk;. 9. Jwe;jhhpd; J}a;ik cilath;. ,we;jhh;tha; ,d;dhr; nrhy; Nehf;fpw;gth; nghUs; nfl;lth;fspd; nfhLQ; nrhw;fisg; nghWg;Nghh;> Jwtpfs; Nghdw ghpRj;jKs;sth; Mth;. 10. cz;zhJ Nehw;ghh;> nghpah;> gpwh; nrhy;Yk; ,d;dhr; nrhy; Nehw; ghhpd; gpd; nghUs; grp Nehiag; nghWf;Fk; jtrpfis tpl gpwh; NgRk; fLQ; nrhw;fisg; nghWg;gtNu nghpahh;.

IV. fy;tp 1. cilahh; Kd; ,y;yhh; Nghy; Vf;fw;Wk; fw;whh; filaNu fy;yhjth; nghUs;: fw;wth; cah;e;jth;> fy;yhjth; jho;e;jhh; 2. fw;f frlwf; fw;git fw;wgpd; epw;f mjw;Fj; jf 3. vz;nz;d;g Vid vOj;njd;g> ,t;tpuz;Lk; fz;nzd;g thOk; cap;h;f;F 4. fz; cilahh; vd;gth; fw;Nwhh;> Kfj;jpuz;L Gz; cilNahh; fy;yhjth;. 5. ctg;gj; jiyf;$b cs;sg; gphpjy; midj;Nj Gyth; njhopy nghUs;: gbj;jtNuhL gofpath; mth; gphe;jhy; tUe;Jth; 6. njhl;lidj; J}Wk; kzw;Nfzp> khe;jh;f;Ff; fw;w m idj;J CWk; mwpT.

118 7.ahjhDk; ehL Mk; My;> Ch; Mk; My; vd; xUtd; rhk; JizAk; fy;yhj MW. 8. xUikf;fz; jhd; fw;w fy;tp xUtw;F vOikAk; Vkhg;G cilj;J. 9. jhk; ,d; GWtJ cyF ,d; Gwf;fz;L fhKWth; fw;wwpejhh; nghUs; fw;wthpd; fy;tpahy; cyfk; ,d;gk; miltj fz;L> fw;wth; NkYk; NkYk; fw;f tpUk;Gth; 10. NfL ,y; tpOr; nry;tk; fy;tp> xUtw;F khL my;y kw;w ait.

V. Nfs;tp fw;wwpe;jth;fsplk; gy nghUs;fisf; Nfl;lwpjy; 1. nry;tj;Js; nry;tk; nrtpr; nry;tk;. mr; nry;tk; nry;tj;Js; vy;yhk; jiy. 2. nrtpf;FzT ,y;yhj Ngho;J rpwpJ tapw;Wf;Fk; <ag;gLk;. 3. fw;wpyd; MapDk; Nfl;f> M; njhUtw;F xw;fj;jpd; Cw;whk; Jiz. nghUs; gbf;fhtpl;lhYk; Nfs;tpr; nry;tk; jsh;r;rpt e;j NghJ jhq;Fk; JizahFk;. 4. nrtp cztpy; Nfs;tp cilahh;> mtp cztpd; Md;whNuh nlhg;gh; epyj;J. nghUs;

119 Nfs;tpr; nry;tj;ij cilath; rpwe;j Njtiug; Nghd;wth;. 5.,Of;fy; cilAop Cw;Wf;Nfhy; mw;Nw xOf;fk; cilahh;; tha;r; nrhy;. nghUs; Nrw;W epyj;jpNy elf;f Cd;W Nfhy; cjTtJ Nghy; ey;Nyhh; nkhop cjTk; 6. vidj;jhDk; ey;yit Nfl;f. midj;jhDk; Md;w ngUik jUk; 7. gpioj;Jzh;e;Jk; Ngjik nrhy;yhh; ,ioj; Jzh;e;J <z;ba Nfs;tpath; nghUs; fw;wth;fs; vr;rkaj;jpYk; mstw;w thh;j;ijfis toq;f khl;lhh;fs; 8.Nfl;gpDk; Nfshj; jifaNt> Nfs;tpahy; Njhl;fg;glhj nrtp. nghUs; mwE}y; cz;ikfisf; Nfl;fhj fhJfs; nrtpl;Lf; fhJfs;. 9. Ezq;fpa Nfs;tpah; my;yhh;> tzq;fpa thapdh; Mjy; mhpJ nghUs; rpwe;j nghUis Nfl;lwpahjth;> gzpTld; Ngrkhl;lhh;. 10. nrtpapd; Rit czh;T tha; czh;tpd; khf;fs; mtpapDk; thopDk; vd;? nghUs; Nfs;tpr; Ritia mwpahj kf;fs; nrj;jhy; jhd; vd;d? tho;e;jhy; jhd; vd;d?

VI. mwpTilik (cz;ik mwptilatd; Mjy;) 1. mwpT mw;wk; fhf;Fk; fUtp> nrWthh;f;Fk; cs; mopf;fy; Mfh muz;. nghUs; jd;idf; fhg;gJk; giftuhy; mopf;f KbahjJk; mwpNtahFk;. 2. nrd;w ,lj;jhy; nrytplhJ jPjp xhP, ed;wpd; ghy; ca;;g;gJ mwpT nghUs; kdj;ijf; fz;l tplq;fspy; Nghf tplhky; ey;y topapy; nrYj;JtJ mwpthFk;. 3. vg; nghUs; ahh; ahh; tha;f;Nfl;gpDk;> mg;nghUs;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

120 nka;g;nghUs; fhz;g jwpT 4. vz; nghUs; Mfr; nrhyr; nrhy;ypj jd; gpwh;tha; Ez; nghUs; fhz;gJ mwpT. nghUs; gpwh;f;F tpsq;Fk;gb nrhy;tJk;> gpwh; $Wtijg; Ghpe;J nfhs;tJNk mwpthFk;. 5. cyfk; joP,aJ xl;gk;> ky;hjYk; $k;gYk; ,y;yJ mwpT nghUs; Kfkyh;jYk; Kfk; NfhZjYk; ,y;yhj mwpNt cah;e;Njhiu el;ghf;Fk; rpwe;j mwpT. 6. vt;t Jiwt Jyfk; cyfj;Njh lt;t Jiwt jwpT nghUs; cyfj;NjhL xl;b tho;tNj mwpthFk; 7. mwpTilahh; MtJ mwpthh;> mwptpyhh; mJ mwp fy;yhjth;. 8. mQ;RtJ mQ;rhik Ngjik> mQ;RtJ mQ;ry; mwpthh; njhopy; 9. vjpujhf; fhf;Fk; mwptpdhh;f;fpy;iy mjpu tUtNjhh; Neha; 10. mwpTilNahh; vy;yhk; cilahh;> mwptpyhh; vd; cilaNuDk; ,yh; nghUs; mwpTs;sth;f;F vy;yhr; nry;tKk; cz;L mwptw;whh;f;F xU nry;tKk; ,y;iy.

VII. nghpahiuj; Jizf; Nfhly; (mwpTs;stiuj; Jidahfg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sjy;) 1. mwd; mwpe;J %j;j> mwpTilath; Nfz;ik jpwd; mwpe;J Njh;e;J nfhsy; 2. cw;w Neha; ePf;fp cwh mik Kd; fhf;Fk; ngw;wpahh; Ngzpf; nfhsy; 3. mhpatw;wps; vy;yhk; mhpNj> nhpahiug; Ngzpj; jkuhf; nfhsy; 4. jk;kpd; nghpahiuj; jkuh xOFjy; td;ikAs; vy;yhk; jiy 5. #o;thh;> fz;zhf xOfyhd;> kd;dtd; #o;thiur; #o;e;J nfhsy;.

121 nghUs; murd; mwpTs;sth;fisNa mikr;rh;fshff; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 6. jf;fhh; ,dj;jdha;j;> jhd; xOfty;yhidr; nrw;whh; nraf;fple;jJ ,y; 7. ,bf;Fk; Jizahiu> Ms;thiuahNu> nfLf;Fk; jfikath;. nghUs; mQ;rhky; Gj;jp $Wk; Jiztiug; ngw;wtiu ahuhYk; mopf;f KbahJ. 8. ,bg;ghiu ,y;yh Vkuh kd;dd; nfhLg;ghh; ,y;yhDk; nfLk;. nghUs; fz;bj;Jg; Gj;jp Gfl;L Nthidj; Jizf; nfhs;shj Nte;jd; jhNd mopthd; 9. Kjy; ,y;yhh;f;F Cjpak; ,y;iy. kjiyahk; rhh;G ,th;f;F ,y;iy epiy nghUs; Kjy; ,y;yhj tpahghhpf;F ,yhgk; ,y;iy jk;ikf; fhf;Fk; Jidaw;wth;f;F epiyj;j tho;T ,y;iy. 10. gy;yhh; gif nfhsypd;> gj;J mLj;j jPikj;Nj ey;yhh; njhlh;if tply; nghUs; nghpNahh; el;igf; iftpLjy; gyUila gifiaf; fhl;bYk; gj;J klq;F jPikahFk;.

VIII. typawpjy; typikiaj; njhpe;J nfhs;Sjy; 1. tpid typAk; jd; typAk; khw;whd; typAk; Jiz typAk; J}f;fpr; nray; 2. xy;tJ> mwptJ mwpe;J> mjd; fz; jq;fpr; nry;thh;f;Fr; nry;yhjJ ,y; nghUs; jk;khy; nra;af; $ba fhhpaj;ij mwpe;J mjid Kaw;rpAl;d; nra;fpd;wth;f;F ntw;wp fpilf;Fk;. 3. cilj;jk; typ mwpahh;> Cf;fj;jpd; Cf;fp ,ilf;fz; Kwpe;jhh; gyh;. nghUs;

122 jkJ typikia mwpahky; Cf;fj;jhy; xd;wpy; jiyapl;L> mJ epiwNtwhky; Njhw;wth; gyh; 4. mike;j Mq;F xOfhd;> mstwpahd;> jd;id tpae;jhd;> tpiue;J nfLk;. nghUs; jd; typikia wpahky; jd;idg; Gfo;e;J nfhz;ltd; tpiutpy; mopthd; 5. gPyp nga; rhfhLk; mr;rpWk;> mg;gz;lk; rhy kpFj;jg; ngapd; 6. Edpf; nfhk;gh; Vwpdhh; mJ ,we;J Cf;fpd; caph;f;F ,Wjp MfptpLk;. nghUs; Edpf; fpisapy; Vwpdtd; mjw;F NkYk; Vwpdhy; fPNo tpOe;J caph; Jwg;ghd;. 7. Mw;wpd; mwtwpe;J <f> mJ nghUs; Nghw;wp toq;Fk; newp. nghUs; jd; nry;tj;jpd; mstwpe;J nfhLg;gNj nghUisf; fhg;ghw;wp thOk; topahFk;. 8. MfhW mstpl;lbJ MapDk; Nfby;iy NghfhW mfyhf; fil nghUs; tuT Fiwe;jhYk; nryT mjpfkhfhtpl;lhy; nry;tj;jpw;F moptpy;iy. 9. msT mwpe;J thohjhd; ;tho;f;if> cs Nghy ,y;yhfpj; Njhd;whf; nfLk; 10. cstiu J}f;fhj xg;Gu thz;ik cstiu ty;iyf; nfLk;. nghUs; jd; nry;tj;jpd; mstwpahky; cjtp nra;gtd; nry;tk; tpiutpy mopAk;.

IX fhyk; mwpjy; (fhhpak; nra;tjw;F Vw;w fhyj;ij mwpjy;) 1. gfy; nty;Yk; $ifiaf; fhf;if > ,fy; nty;Yk; Nte;jh;f;F Ntz;Lk; nghOJ 2. gUtj;NjhL xl;l xOfy;> jpUtpidj; jPuhik Mh;f;Fk; fapW nghUs; fhyk; mwpe;J nray; nra;jy; nry;tj;ij ePq;fhky; fl;Lk; fapW MFk;. 3. mUtpid vd;g csNth> fUtpahy;

123 fhyk; mwpe;J nrapd; (fUtpAk; fhyKk; ;mwpe;J tpid nra;jhy; Kbahj fhhpaq;fs; xd;Wk; ,y;iy) 4. Qhyk; fUjpDk; if $Lk;> fhyk; fUjp ,lj;jhw; nrapd; 5. fhyk; fUjp ,Ug;gh; fyq;fhJ Qhyk; fUJgth; 6. Cf;fk; cilahd; xLf;fk;> nghUjfh; jhf;fw;Fg; NgUk; jifj;J 7. nghs; nsd Mq;Nf Gwk; Ntuhh;> fhyk; ghh;j;J cs; Nth;g;gh; xs;spath; nghUs; mwpTs;sth; giftiu nty;Yk; fhyj;ij vjph; ghh;j;Jf; Nfhgj;ij mlf;fpf; nfhz;bUg;gh; 8. nrWeiuf; fhzpd; Rkf;f> ,Wtiu fhzpd; fpof;fhk; ;jiy nghUs; gifth; mopAk; fhyk; tiu mtUf;Fg; gzpjNy ed;ikahFk;. 9. va;jw;F mhpaJ ,iae;jf;fhy;> me;epiyNa nra;jw;F mhpa nray; nghUs; fhyq; fpilf;Fk; NghJ nra;a Kbahky; fple;j nray;fisr; nra;J Kbf;f Ntz;Lk;. 10. nfhf;F xf;f $k;Gk; gUtj;J> kw;W mjd; Fj;J xf;f rPh;j;j ,lj;J.

x. ,ld; mwpjy; (fhhpaj;ij Kbg;gjw;F Vw;w ,lj;ij mwpjy;) 1. njhlq;fw;f vt;tpidAk;> vs;sw;f> Kw;Wk; ,lk; fz;l gpd; my;yJ. (giftiu nty;tjw; Nfw;w ,lj;ij mwpe;j gpwFjhd; vijAk; njhlq;f Ntz;Lk;.) 2. Kuz; Nrh;e;j nkha;k; gpdth;f;Fk; muz; Nrh;e;J Mk; Mf;fk; gyTk; jUk;. nghUs; vt;tsT typik cs;sth;f;Fk; jf;f ghJfhg;G Ntz;Lk;. mjdhy; gy ed;ikfs; fpilf;Fk;.

124 3. Mw;whUk; Mw;wp mLg> ,ld; mwpe;J Nghw;whh;fz; Nghw;wpr; nrapd; nghUs; ,lkwpe;J fhhpak; nra;fpd;wth; typik mw;w tuhapDk; ntw;wp ngWth;. 4. vz;zpahh; vz;zk; ,og;gh;> ,ld mwpe;J Jd;dpahh; Jd;dpr; nrapd; nghUs; jf;f ,lj;jpy; ghJfhg;Gld; epd;W fhhpak; Ghpe;jhy; gifth; vz;zk; gypf;fhJ. 5. neLk; GdYs; nty;Yk; Kjiy mLk;Gdypd; ePq;fpd; mjidg; gpw 6. fly; Xlh fhy; ty; neLe;Njh;> fly; XLk; ehthAk; Xlh epyj;J 7. mQ;rhik my;yhy; Jiz Ntz;lh> vQ;rhik vz;zp ,lj;jhy; nrapd;. nghUs; ed;whf Muha;e;J xd;iwr; nrhy;thh;f;F mQ;rhikiaj; jtpu NtW Jiz Ntz;bajpy;iy 8. rpW gilahd; nry; ,lk; Nrhpd;> cUgilahd; Cf;fk; mope;J tpLk;. nghUs; nghpa gilia cilatDk; rpW gil cilatdplk; ,Uf;Fk; ,lk; mile;jhy; ngUik Fiwthd;. 9. rpiw eyDk; rPUk; ,yh; vdpDk;> khe;jh; ciw epyj; NjhL xl;ly; mhpJ. nghUs; gifth; jf;f ghJfhg;Gk; typikAk; ,y;yhjtuhapDk; mth ,Uf;Fk; ,lj;jpNy GFe;J mtiu nty;y KbahJ. 10. fhy; Mo;fshpd; ehp mLk;> fz; mQ;rh Nty; Ms; Kfj;j fspW.

XIX. tpidj; jpl;gk; (tpid nra;fpd;wtDf;F kdtypik mtrpak;) 1. tpidj; jpl;gk; vd;gJ xUtd; kdj;jpl;gk; kw;iwa nty;yhk gpw nghUs; fhhpaj;jpw;F typik vd;gJ mijr; nra;fpd;wtdJ kd typik xd;Wjhd;. 2. CW xuhy; >cw;wgpd; xy;fhik ; ,t;tpuz;bd; MW vd;gh;> Ma;e;jth; Nfhd nghUs; Fw;wk; cz;lhFk; fhhpaq;fisr; nra;ahik> nra;jiy gOJ gl;lhy; tUe;jhik ,itfNs ke;jhpfspd nfhs;if

125 3. fil nfhl;fr; nra; jf;fJ Mz;ik> ,ilf; nfhl;fpd; vw;wh tpOkk; jUk;. nghUs; nghUs; kbtjw;F Kd; gpwh; mwpahj gb nra;J> fhhpaj;jpy; ntw;wp fhz;gNj typikahFk;. 4. nrhy;Yjy; ahh;f;Fk; vspa> mhpathk; nrhy;ypa tz;zk; nray;. 5. tPW va;jp khz;lhh; tpidj;jpl;gk; Nte;jd; fz; CW va;jp cs;sg; gLk;. nghUs; ke;jphpapd; rpwe;j nray;fs murDf;F ed;ik gaggjhFk;. gyuhYk; kjpf;fg;gLk;. 6. vz;zpa vz;zpahq;F va;Jg> vz;zpahh; jpz;zpah; Mfg; ngwpd. nghUs; jhk; nra;a epidj;j fhhpaj;jpNy cWjp cilatuhf ,Ue;jhy; epidj;jitfis epidj;jgb milthh;fs;. 7. cUT fz;L vs;shik Ntz;Lk; cUs; ngUk; Njh;f;F mr;rhzp md;dhh; cilj;J nghUs; cUtpy; rpwpatuhapDk; nraypy; rpwe;jth; cz;L. Mjyhy; xUth; cUtj;ijf; fz;L ,fof; $lhJ. 8. fyq;fhJ fz;l tpidf;fz;; Jsq;fhJ J}ffk; fbe;J nray;. nghUs; njspe;J nra;aj; Jzpe;j fhhpaj;ij jhkjk; ,d;wpr; nra;J Kbf;f Ntz;Lk;. 9. Jd;gk; cwthpDk; nra;f> JzpT Mw;wp ,d;gk; gaf;Fk; tpid. 10. vidj; jpl;gk; va;jpaf; fz;Zk; tpidj;jpl;gk; Ntz;lhiu Ntz;lhJ cyF. nghUs; njhopNy cWjp fhl;Lk; typikaw;wtiu cyfpdh; tpUk;g khl;lhh;fs;.

XI. nghUs; nray; tif (nry;tg; nghUisr; Nrh;f;Fk; tif) 1. nghUs; my;ytiug; nghUshfr; nra;Ak; nghUs; my;yJ ,y;iy nghUs; nghUs; kjpf;fg;glhj tiuAk; kjpf;Fk;gb nry;tJ nghUs;. mijtpl NtW rpwe;j nghUs; ,y;iy. 2. ,y;yhiu vy;yhUk; vs;Sth;> nry;tiu vy;yhUk; nra;th; rpwg;G. 3. nghUs; vd;Dk; ngha;ah tpsf;Fk; ,Us; mWf;Fk;

126 vz;zpa Njaj;Jr; nrd;W. nghUs; nghUs; vd;Dk; tpsf;F> gif vd;Dk; ,Uis mopf;Fk;. 4. mwk; <Dk; ,d;gKk; <Dk;> jpwd; mwpe;J jPJ ,d;wp te;j nghUs;. nghUs; ey;topapNy fpilj;j nghUs; mwj;ijAk;; ,d;gj;ijAk; jUk; 5. mUNshLk; md;NghLk; thuhg; nghUs; Mf;fk; Gy;yhh;> Gustply;. nghUs; mUNshLk; md;NghLk; Nrh;e;J tuhj nghUis tpl;L tpl Ntz;Lk;. 6. cW nghUSk;> cy;F nghUSk;> jd; xddhh;e; njW nghUSk; Nte;jd; nghUs;. nghUs; jhNd tUk; nghUs; Rq;fg; nghUs;> gifthplk; fg;gkhf thq;Fk; nghUs; ,itfNs murDf;Fhpa nghUs;fs; 7. mUs; vd;Dk; md;gPd; Fotp> nghUs; vd;Dk; nry;tr; nrtpypahy; cz;;L nghUs; md;ghy; ngwg;gl;l mUs; vd;Dk; Foe;ijahdJ> nghUs; vd;Dk; nry;tr; nrtpypahy; tsUk;. 8. Fd;W Vwp ahidg; Nghh; fz;lw;whh; jd; ifj;J xd;W cz;lhfr; nra;thd; tpid. nghUs; jd; ifapy; nghUis itj;Jf; nfhz;L xd;iwr; nra;fpd;wtd; jd; fhhpaj;jpy; ntw;wp ngWthd;. 9. nra;f nghUisr; nrWeh; nrUf;F mWf;Fk; vF mjdpd; $wpaJ ,y;. 10. xz; nghUs; fho;g;g ,aw;wpahh;f;F> vz; nghUs; Vid ,uz;Lk; xUq;F nghUs; ey; topapNy kpFe;j nghUisr; Nrh;j;jth;f;F mwKk; ,d;gKk; vspjpy; tUtd.

XII. el;G (el;gpd; rpwg;G) 1. nraw;fwpa ahTs el;gpd;> mJNghy; tpidsf; fhpa ahTs fhg;G nghUs; el;igg; Nghy; rpwe;jJ NtW xd;Wk; ,y;iy 2. epiw ePh; ePuth; Nfz;ik gpiw kjpg; gpd;dPh; Ngijapd; el;G nghUs; mwpTs;sth; el;G gpiw Nghy; tsUk;. mwptw;Nwhh; el;G KOkjpNghy; FiwAk;

127 3. etpy; njhWk E}y; eak; NghYk;> gapy; njhWk; gz;Gilahsh;; njhlh;G nghUs; ey;Nyhh; el;G gofg; gof ,d;gk; jUk;. 4. eFjy; nghUl;ld;W el;ly;> kpFjpf;fz; Nkw; nrd;W ,bj;jw; nghUl;L 5. Gzh;r;rp goFjy; Ntz;lh> czh;r;rpjhd; el;ghk; fpoik jUk; nghUs; ,UtUf;Fk; xj;j mwpNt el;ig cz;lhf;Fk; 6. Kfk; ef el;gJ el;gd;W> neQ;rj;J mfk; ef el;gJ el;G 7. moptpd; mit ePffp> MW ca;j;J> moptpd; fz; my;yy; cog;gjhk; el;G. nghUs; jPikia ePf;fp ey;;topapy;nryj;jp Jd;gk; tUk; NghJ cldpUe;J mDgtpg;gNj el;ghFk;. 8. cLf;if ,oe;jtd; ifNghy> Mq;Nf ,Lf;fz; fistjhk; el;G 9. el;gpw;F tPw;wpUf;if ahnjdpy;> nfhl;G ,d;wp xy;Yk; tha; Cd;Wk; epiy. nghUs; ve;ehSk; jhq;FtNj el;gpd; rpwg;ghFk;. 10. ,idah; ,th; vkf;F> ,d;dk;ahk;> vd;W GidapDk; Gy; vd;Dk; el;G. nghUs; xUtiu xUth; Gfoe;J NgRk; el;G tsuhJ. Fiwe;J tpLk;.

XIII. rhd;whd;ik (ew;Fzq;fs; gyTk; epiwe;j jd;ik) 1. fld; vd;g>ey;yit vy;yhk; fld; mwpe;J rhd;whz;ik Nkw;nfhs;gth;f;F nghUs; flik mwpe;J elg;Nghhplk; ew;Fzq;fs; Fb nfhz;bUf;Fk;. 2. Fz eyk; rhd;Nwhh; eyNd> gpw eyk; ve;eyj;J cs;sJ} ck; md;W nghUs;

128 mwpTilNahhUf;F Fzed;ikNa ed;ikahFk;. NtW ed;ik ed;ikad;W. 3. md;G> ehz;> xg;GuT> fz;Nzhl;lk; tha;ikNahL Ie;J rhy;G Cd;wpa J}z;. nghUs; md;G> ehzk;> cgfhuk;> jhl;rz;ak;> cz;ik ,t;ite;Jk; ew;Fzq;fs; vd;Dk; ghuj;ijr; Rkf;Fk; J}z;fs;. 4. nfhy;yh eyj;jJ Nkd;ik> gpwh; jPik nrhy;yh eyj;jJ rhy;G nghUs; Xh; capiuAk; nfhy;yhikNa jtk; gpwh; Fw;wj;ijf; $whikNa rpwe;j ew;FzkhFk;. 5. Mw;Wthh; Mw;wy; gzpjy;> mJ rhd;Nwhh; khw;whiu khw;Wk; gil nghUs; Jizahthiug; gzpe;J mth; cjtp ngWtNj gifth;fis mopf;Fk; MAjkhFk;. 6. rhy;gpw;Ff; fl;lis ahnjdpy;> Njhy;tp Jiy my;yhh; fz;Zk; nfhsy;. nghUs; ngUikf;F ciufy;> ,ope;jthplj;jpYk; jkJ Njhy;tpia xg;Gf; nfhs;Sjyhk;. 7. ,d;dh nra;jhh;f;Fk; ,dpaNt nra;ahf;fhy; vd;d gaj;j Njh rhy;G nghUs; Jd;gk; nra;thh;f;Fk; ed;ik nra;ah tpl;lhy; ew; Fzq;fshy; ed;ik ,y;iy. 8. ,d;ik xUtw;F ,opT md;W rhy;G vd;Dk; jpz;ik cz;lhfg; ngwpd; nghUs; ew;Fzq;fs; vd;Dk; typik cs;stDf;F tWikahy; ,optpy;iy. 9. Cop ngahpDk; jhk; ngauhth;. rhd;whz;ikf;F Mop vdg;gLthh; nghUs; rhd;Nwhh; vg;nghOJk; xU epiyapNyNa ,Ug;ghh;. 10. rhd;wth; rhd;whz;ikFd;wpd;> ,U epye;jhd; jhq;fhJ kd;Ndh nghiw. nghUs; rhd;Nwhh; jkJ jd;ikapy; khWgLtuhapd;> g+kp> ghue;jhq;f Kbahky; tUe;Jk;. XIV gz;Gilik (vy;yhh; jd;ikfisAk; mwpe;J elj;jy;

1.vz;gj;jhy; va;jy; vspJ vd;g> ahh; khl;Lk; gz;Gilik vd;Dk; tof;F nghUs; ahtuhYk; vspjpy; fhZk;gb ,Ug;gth; gz;Gilik vd;Dk; ey;topia vspjpy; milthh;. 2. md;Gilik Md;w Fbg; gpwj;jy;> ,t;tpuz;Lk; gz;Gilik vd;Dk; tof;F nghUs; md;GilikAk; cah; Fbapy; gpwej;jYNk gz;Gilik

129 vd;Dk; ey;topahFk;. 3. cWg;G xj;jy; kf;fs; xg;G md;why;> ntWj;jf;f gz;G xj;jy; xg;gjhk; xg;G. nghUs; clk;ghy; xj;jpUj;jy; xg;ghfhJ. Fzj;jhy; xj;jpUj;jNy xg;ghFk;. 4. eandhL ed;wp Ghpe;j gad; cilahh; gz;G ghuhl;Lk; cyF. nghUs; ePjpiaAk;> jUkj;ijAk; tpUk;Gk; gad; cs;sth; Fzj;ij cyfk; ghuhl;Lk;. 5. eifAs;Sk; ,d;dhJ ,fo;r;rp gifAs;Sk; gz;Gs ghlwpthh; khl;L nghUs; ,fo;jy; tpisahl;bYk; Jd;gk; jUk; gifapYk; ey;ythplk; ew;Fzk; cz;lhk;. 6. gz;Gilahh; gl;Lz;L cyfk;> mJ ,d;Nwy; kz;Gf;F kha;tJ kz;. nghUs;: ew;FzKs;s nghpNahh;fshy; cyfk; tho;fpd;wJ> ,d;Nwy; cyfpay; mopAk;. 7. muk; NghYk; $h;ikaNuDk;> kuk; Nghh;th; kf;fl; gz;G ,yyhjth;. nghUs; kf;fs; gz;G ,y;yhjth; $h;ikahd Gj;jp cs;stuhapDk; kuj;ij xg;ghh; 8. ez;G Mw;whh; Mfp> eak; ,y nra;thh;f;Fk; gz;G Mw;whh; Mjy; fil nghUs; el;G ,y;yhj gifth;f;Fk; ed;ik nra;jNy rpwe;j gz;ghFk;. 9. efy; ty;yhh; my;yhh;f;F> khapU Qhyk; gfYk; ghw;gl;ld;W ,Us;. nghUs; el;Gf; nfhz;L kfpohjth;f;F gfYk; ,uT Nghd;wjhFk;.

10. gz;gpyhd; ngw;w ngUQ; nry;tk;> ed;ghy; fyk; jPik ahy; jphpe;jw;W. nghUs; ew;Fzk; ,y;yhjtd; ngw;w nry;tk; ey;y ghy; ghj;jpuj;jpd; mOf;fhy; nfl;lJ Nghy MFk;. XV md;Gilik (cs;sj;jpy; md;G vd;Dk; gz;Gld; tho;tJ) 1. md;gpw;Fk; cz;Nlh milf;Fk; jho;? Mh;tyh; Gf;fz; ePh; G+ry; jUk;. nghUs;

130 md;Gs;stiuf; fhZk; NghJ mth;tpLk; fz;zPh;> md;ig ntspg;gLj;Jk;. 2. md;gpyhh; vy;yhk; jkf;Fhpah;> md;Gilahh; vd;Gk; chpah; gpwh;f;F nghUs; md;gpy;yhh; vy;yhr; nry;tj;ijAk; jkf;fhfNt itj;jpUg;gth;. md;Gs;sth; jk; cliyAk; gpwh;f;F chpik Mf;Fth;. 3. md;NghL ,iae;j tof;F vd;g Mh; caph;f;F vd;NghL ,iae;j njhlh;G nghUs; md;Gld; mike;J thOk; tho;tpd; gaNd> clYf;Fk; capUf;Fk; cs;s rk;ge;jkhNk. 4. md;G <Dk; Mh;tk; cilik> mJ <Dk; ez;G vd;Dk; ehlhr; rpwg;G nghUs; md;G Miria cz;lhf;Fk; mJ el;igAk; cz;lhf;Fk;. 5. md;Gw;W mkh;e;j tof;F vd;g itafj;J ,d;Gw;whh; va;Jk; rpwg;G nghUs; md;Gld; thOk; tho;tpd; gaNd cyfpy; ,d;Gw;W tho;Nthh; milAk; rpwg;ghFk;. 6. mwj;j;pw;Nf md;G rhh;G vd;g mwpahh; kwj;jpw;Fk; mNj Jiz. nghUs; jUkj;Jf;F md;G JizahtNjhL> ghtj;ij ePf;fTk; mJNt JizahFk;. 7. vd;G ,yjid ntapy Nghy;f; fhANk md;G ,yjid mwk;. nghUs; vYk;gpy;yhj GOf;fis ntapy; RLtJ Nghy md;gpy;yhj caph;fis mwk; Jd;GWj;Jk;. 8. md;G mfj;J ,y;yh caph; tho;f;if td;ghw; fz; tw;wy; kuk; jsph;;;j;J mw;W nghUs; md;gpy;yhj tho;T> ghiytdj;jpy; gl;lkuk; jsph;j;jJ Nghy; MFk;. 9.Gwj;J cWg;ngy;yhk; vtd; nra;Ak;> ahf;if mfj;J cWg;G md;gpy; mth;f;F nghUs; cs;sj;jpNy md;G ,y;yhjth;f;F ntsp cWg;Gf;fshy; gad; ,y;iy. 10. mds;gpd; topaJ caph; epiy >mJ ,yhh;f;F vd;G Njhy; Nghh;j;j clk;G nghUs; md;Gs;s clk;Ng capUs;s clk;G> md;gpy;yhj clk;G caph; ,y;yhj clk;G

131 mlf;fk; cilik

XVI. (nfl;l topfspy; nry;yhky; mlq;fp elj;jy;) 1. mlf;fk; mkuUs; ca;f;Fk;> mlq;fhik Mh; ,Us; ca;j;J tpLk;. nghUs; mlf;fk; Njt Nyhfj;ijj; jUk; mlq;fhik eufj;ijj; jUk;. 2. fhf;f nghUsh mlf;fj;ij ; Mf;fk; mjdpD}cq;F ,y;iy caph;f;F nghUs; ey; topapy; mlq;fp tho;tNj rpwe;j nry;tkhFk;. 3. nrwpT mwpe;J rP;h;ik gaf;Fk; mwpT mwpe;J Mw;wpd; mlq;fg; ngwpd;. nghUs; mlq;fp elf;Fk; FzNk xUtDf;F rpwg;igj jUk; 4. epiyapy; jphpahJ> mlq;fpahd; Njhw;wk; kiyapDk; khzg; nghpJ. nghUs; mlq;fp tho;fpd;wtd; cah;T kiyia tpl kpfg; nghpaJ. 5. vy;yhh;f;Fk; ed;whk; gzpjy;> mth; cs;sk; nry;th;f;Nf nry;tk; jifj;J nghUs; nry;th;fsplk; gzpT ,Ue;jhy; mJ kw;nwhU nry;tk; Nghd;wjhFk;. 6. xUikAs; MikNghy; Ie;J mlf;fy; Mw;wpd;> vOikAk; Vkhg;G cilj;J. nghUs; xU gpwg;gpNy xUtd; jdJ nghwpfis mlf;fp Ms;thdhapd;> mJ mtDf;F VO gpwg;gpYk; ed;ik jUk;. 7. ahfhth uhapDk; ehfhf;f> fhthf;fhy; Nrhfhg;gh; nrhy;ypOf;Fg;gl;L 8. xd;whDk; jPr;nrhy; nghUl;gad; cz;lhapd; ed;W MfhJ Mfp tpLk; nghUs; xUtd; nrhy;yhy; xU jPik cz;lhapDk;> mjdhy; mtd; ed;ik vy;yhk; jPikahfp tpLk;. 9. jPapdhy; Rl;l Gz; cs; MWk;> MwhNj ehtpdhy; Rl;l tL 10. fjk; fhj;J fw;W mlq;fy; Mw;Wthd; nrt;tp Mwk; ghh;f;Fk; Mw;wpd; Eioe;J nghUs; rpdk; ,y;yhj tid - fy;tp fw;W

132 mlf;fk; cs;s tid mwk; jhNd Njb milAk; tha;ik (cz;ikapd; ngUik) 1. tha;ik vdg;gLtJ ahJ vdpd;? ahJ xd;Wk; jPik ,yhj nrhyy;. 2. ngha;ikAk; tha;ik ,lj;j> Giu jPH;e;j ed;ik gaf;Fk; vdpd; 3. jd;neQ; rhptJ ngha;aw;f> ngha;;j;j gpd; jd; neQ;Nr jd;idr; rLk;. nghUs; nka;ia mwpe;Jk; ngha; nrhy;yf; $lhJ> mjdhy;> jhNd tUe;j NehpLk; 4. cs;sj;jhy; ngha;ahJ xOfpd;> cyfj;jhh; cs;sj;Js; vy;yhk; csd;. 5. kdj; njhL tha;ik nkhopapd;> jtj;njhL jhdk; nra;thhpd; jiy. nghUs; cz;ik ciug; Nghd; jtKk; jhdKk; nra;fpd;wtiu tplr; rPwe;jtd;. 6. ngha;ahik md;d Gfopy;iy ; va;ahik vy;yh mwKk; jUk; nghUs; ngha; nrhy;yhjpUg;gJ Gfo;. mJ vy;yh ed;ikfisAk; jUk;. 7. ngha;ahik> ngha;ahik Mw;wpd;> mwk; gpw nra;ahik nra;ahik ed;W nghUs; ngha; nrhy;yhky; tho;e;jhy;> gpw jUkq;fisr; nra;ahtpbDk; ed;ik cz;lhFk;. 8. Gwk; J}a;ik ePuhy; mikAk;> mfk; J}a;ik tha;ikahw; fhzg;gLk;. nghUs; clk;G ePuhy; ghpRj;jkhFk; cs;sk; cz;ikapy; ghpRj;jkhFk;. 9. vy;yh tpsf;Fk; tpsf;fy;y> rhd;Nwhh;f;F ngha;ah tpsf;Nf tpsf;F nghUs; ngha; nrhy;yhikNa mwpahikia ePf;Fk; tpsf;fhFk;. 10. ahk; nka;ahf; fz;ltw;Ws; ,y;iy> vidj; njhd;Wk; tha;ikapd; ey;y gpw nghUs; cz;ikia tplr; rpwe;jJ NtW vJTk; ,y;iy

XVIII. xg;GuT mwpjy; (cyfg; Nghf;fwpe;J tho;tJ) 1. ifk;khW Ntz;lh> flg;ghL khhpkhl;L vd; Mw;Wk; nfhy;Nyh cyF

133 nghUs; kio jd; flikiar; nra;fpd;wJ mJNghy; nghpNahh;fSk; gad; fUjhky; cjtp nra;th;. 2. jhs; Mw;wpj; je;j nghUs; vyyhk; jf;fhh;f;F Ntshz;ik nra;jw; nghUl;L nghUs; Kad;W rk;ghjpg;gJ gpwh;f;F cjtp nra;tjw;Nf MFk;. 3. Gj;Njs; cyfj;Jk; <z;Lk; ngwy; mhpNj xg;Gutpd; ey;y gpw nghUs; cjtp nra;tJ Nghy rpwe;jJ thDyfpYk; kz;ZyfpYk; NtW xd;Wk; ,y;iy 4. xj;jJ mwpthd; caph; tho;thd; kw;iwahd; nrj;jhUs; itf;fg;gLk;. nghUs; cyfpay;ig czh;e;J elg;gtNd caph; tho gtd; mij mwpahjtd; nrjjtDf;Fr; rkk; 5. CUzp ePh; epiwe;J mw;Nw cyF mthk; Ngh; mwp thsd; jpU 6. gad; kuk; cs;Sh;g; gOj;jw;why;> nry;tk; ead; cil ahd; fz; gbd; nghUs; ey;ytdplk; cs;s nry;tk;> gad; cs;s kuk;> Ch; eLtpNy fha;j;J gOj;J ,Ug;gJ Nghy MFk;. 7. kUe;J Mfp> jggh> kuj; jw;why;> nry;tk; ngUe;jif ahd; fz; gbd; nghUs; nry;tk; nghpNahhplk; ,Uf;Fkhdhy; mJ kUe;jhfg; gad;gLk; kuk; Nghd;whFk;. 8. ,ld; ,y; gUtj;Jk;> xg;Gutpw;F xy;fhh; fld; mwp fhl;rp ath;. nghUs; mwpTs;Nshh;> twpatuhd fhyj;jpYk; cjtp nra;ag; gpd; thq;f khl;lhh; 9. ead cilahd; ey; $h;e;jhd; Mjy;> nrAk; ePh; nra;ahJ mikfyh MW nghUs; cjtp nra;a Kbahky; tUe;JtNj cjtp nra;gtDila tWikahFk;. 10. xg;Gutpdhy; tUk; NfL vdpy;> mJ xUtd; tpw;Wf; Nfhs; jf;fJ cilj;J. nghUs; cjtpapdhy; NfL tUk; vd;why;> mf;Nfl;il xUtd; jd;id tpw;whapDk; thq;fpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. XIX ,dpait $wy; (,dpa nkhopfisg; NgRtJ) ,d; nrhyhy;> <uk; mis,g; gbW ,ythk; nrk; nghUs; fz;lhh; tha;r; nrhy;. nghUs; mw newpia mwpe;jth;fs; ,dpikAld; md;Gld;> tQ;ridaw;w jd;ikAld;

134 ciuahLthh;fs; 2. mfd; mkh;e;J <jypd; ed;Nw> Kfd; mkh;e;J ,d; nrhyd; Mfg; ngwpd; nghUs; kdk; kfpo;e;J nghUs; nfhLg;gijtpl ,d; nrhw;fisf; $WtNj rpwe;jjhk;. 3. Kfj;jhd; mkh;e;J ,dpJ Nehf;fp mfj;jhd; Mk; ,d nrhypd; mNj mwk;. nghUs; cs;sd;Gld; nrhy;Yk; ,dpa nrhy;Ny mwkhFk;. 4. Jd;GW}ck; Jt;thik ,y;yhFk;> ahh; khl;Lk; ,d; GW}ck; ,d; nrhy; mth;f;F nghUs; ,dpa nrhw;fisg; NgRNthh; tWikahy; thl khl;lhh;fs;. 5. gzpTilad; ,d; nrhypd; Mjy;> xUtw;F mzp my;y kw;Wg; gpw. nghUs; gzpTk; ,dpa nrhy;YNk xUtDf;F MgudkhFk;. 6. my;yit Nja mwk; ngUFk;> ey;yit ehb ,dpa nrhypd; nghUs; ed;ik jUk; ,dpa nkhopfisf; $Wtjdhy; ghtk; NjAk; jUkk; tsUk;. 7. ead; <d;W ed;wp gaf;Fk;> gad; <d;W gz;gpy; jiyg; gphpahr; nrhy; nghUs; ,dpa nrhw;fs; ,d;gj;ijAk; ed;ikiaAk; jUk; 8. rpWikAs; ePq;fpa ,d; nrhy; ; kWikAk; ,k;ikAk; ,d;gk; jUk;. nghUs; ,dpa nrhw;fs; ,U gpwg;gpYk; ,d;gk; jUk; 9. ,d; nrhy; ,dpJ <d;wy; fhz;ghd;> vtd; nfhNyh td; nrhy; toq;FtJ. nghUs; ,d; nrhy; ,d;gj;ijj; jUtijf; fz;Lk; vLQ;nrhy; NgRtJ Vd;? 10.,dpa cs Mf ,d;dhj $Wjy; fdp ,Ug;gf; fha; fth;e;J mw;W nghUs;: ,d; nrhy; Ngrhky; fLQ; nrhy; $Wjy; goj;ijj; jpd;dhky; fhiaj; jpd;gJ Nghy ,juf; Fwpg;Gfs; 34. 1. ,aw;if jtk; 2. ,aw;if Xtpak; 3. ,aw;if ,d;gf; fyk; 4. ,aw;if tho;tpy;yk; 5. ,aw;if ,d;g tho;T epiyaq;fs; - rPtfrpe;jhkzp - gj;Jg;ghl;L - fypj; njhif - jpUf;Fws; - 1. rpyg;gjpfhuk;

135 2. kzpNkfiy 6. ,aw;if ghpzhkk; 7. ,aw;if md;G 8. ,aw;if ,iwAs; 2. moF - fk;g ,uhkhazk; - nghpa Guhzk; - Njthuk;> jpUthrfk; jpUtha; nkhop

fz;Zf;F moF fhYf;F moF Muha;r;rpf; foF ,irf;foF

- ,uf;fk; nfhs;Sjy; - gpwhplk; ,ue;J nry;yhik - jdJ Kbitj; Jzpe;J ciuj;jy; - mjidf; Nfl;Nghh; ed;W vdg; Gfo;jy;

fjk;g khiy 1. vy;yhg; nghUSk; ,jd; ghy; cs ,jd; ghy; ,y;yhj vg;nghUSk; ,y;yhahy;. -xsitahh; 2. cah;jdpr; nrk;nkhop vd;w E}iy vOjpath; - 1966 y; Njt Neag; ghtzhh; 3. vd;Wk; cs;s njd; nkhop - fk;gh; 4. ahkwpe;j GythpNy fk;gidg; Nghy; ts;Stidg; Nghy; ,sq;Nfhtbfisg; Nghy; G+kpjdpy; ahq;fZk; gpw;ejjpy;iy 5. FLk;g tpsf;F mofpd; rphpg;G ,Uz;l tPL ghz;bad; ghpR vjph;ghuhj Kj;jk; jkpopaf;fk; ey;y jPh;g;G ,iraKJ Nru jhz;ltk; gprpuhe;ijahh;> jkpopr;rpapd; fj;jp 6. fk;ghpd; rkfhyj;jpag; Gyth;fs; GfNoe;jp> xl;lf;$j;jh;> n[aq;nfhz;lhd; ghujpjhrd; ghujpahh;

7. fk;g uhkhazj;jpy; 10000 f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l ghly;fs; cs;sd. 8. fk;guhkhazj;jpy; 6 fhz;lq;fs; cs;sd. fhz;lj;jpd; cl;gphpT - glyk; 9. ew;wpiz - njhFj;jth; ngah; njhpatpy;iy njhFg;gpj;jth; - gd;dhL je;j khwd; tOjp. Mrphpag;gh gapd;W tUk;. (mftw;gh) <uirr; rPh; filrp mbapd; Ke;ija mb 3 rPh; tUk;. 400 gf;fq;fs; cs;sd. 10. nghpa Guhzk; - Nrf;fpohh; (mUz;;nkhopj; Njth;) meghar; Nrhod; (2 k; FNyhj;Jq;fd;)

136 mtUf;F cj;jk Nrho gy;ytuhad; njhz;lh; rPh; guTthh; vd;w gl;lq;fs; toq;fpdhh;. ,aw;if md;G vdmiof;fg;gLk;.

11. jpUehTf;furhpd; rNfhjhp ngah; - jpyftjpahh; jpUehTf;furUf;F #iy Nehiaj; jPh;j;jth; 12. fhiy 6 - 10 kzp

ez;gfy; 10 - 2 Vw;ghL khiy ahkk; 2-6 rpW nghOJfs;

6 - 10 10 - 2

itfiw 2 - 6 13. Vw;ghL = vy; + ghL

#hpad;

14. Kfk;kJ egpapd; tho;f;if tuyhw;iwf; $Wk; E}y; - rPwhg;guhzk;

ckWg; Gyth; (J}j;Jf;Fb ehfyhGuj;jpy; gpwe;jth;

Mjhpjjth;fs;

rPjf;fhjp

mGy; fhrpk; kiuf;fhah;

ckWg; Gyth; vOjpa gpw E}y;fs; 1. rPjf;fhjp nehz;behlfk; 2. KJnkhop khiy 15. fypj; njhif fy;tp tshh; fz;l fyp

150 ghly;fs; cs;sd - Mrphpah; - ey;yhe;Jtdhh; 16. rpy Ntisfspy; rpy kdpjh;fs; - n[afhe;jd; 17. ee;jpf; fyk;gfk; (Mrphpah; nah; njhpatpy;iy) 3 k; ee;jpth;kd; kPJ ghlg;gl;lJ jkpopy; vOe;j Kjy; fyk;gf E}y; fyk;gfk; 18 cWg;Gfshy; ghlg;gl;lJ mwk; itj;Jg; ghlg; ngWtJ kq;fyky;yhj tirr; nrhw;fis Kjypy; itj;Jg; ghlg; ngWtJ.

137 18. ehyhapuj; jpt;tpag; gpuge;jk; - FyNrfuho;thh; njhFj;jth; - ehj Kdpfs; 19. r%f rPh;jpUj;jq;fis Kjd; Kjypy; nra;jth; - mNahj;jp jhr gz;bjh; 20. ,th; mf;fhyj;jpy; 1 igrh gj;jphpif elj;jpath; 21. Kjd; Kjypy; jpUf;Fws; mr;rplg;gl;lJ -1812 y; kiyaj;Jtrd; kfd; Qhdg;gpufhrk; jQ;irapy; ntspapl;lh 22. rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fs; nkhj;jk; vj;jid mb - 26350 mb 23. njhy;fhg;gpak; vOj;J> nrhy;> nghUs; Mfpa 3 ,yf;fzq;fisg; gw;wpf;fYk; vOj;J> nrhy;> nghUs;> ahg;G>mzp vd;w 5 ,yf;fzq;fisf; $WtJ - mfj;jpak; (mfj;jpah;) 24. jdpg; ghRuj; njhif - ghpjpkhw; fiyQh; ,th; elj;jpa ,jo;fspd; ngah; - Qhd Nghjpdp 25. neQ;ir - ms;Sk; rpyg;gjpfhuk; vd;Nwhh; kzpahuk; gilj;j jkpo;ehL - ghujpahh; 26. ngz;fs; fy;tp fw;whnyhopa r%f khw;wk; Vw;glhJ - nghpahh; MZf;Fg; ngz; ,isg;gpy;iy - nghpahh; 27. gp.Mh;. mk;Ngj;fhh; - gPkhuht; uhk;[p mk;Ngj;fh; ,e;jpahtpd; Njrpag; gq;F tPjk; vd;w nghUshjhu rk;ge;jkhd E}iy vOjpath; ghuj uj;dh tpUJ thq;fpath; 28. Gul;rp ebfh; kf;fs; jpyfk; vk;.[p.Mh;. 29. ,jaf;fdp- vk;.[p.Mh;. 30. ebifah; jpyfk; - rhtpj;jphp ebfh; jpyfk; - rpth[p 31. ebg;gpirg; Gyth; - uhkrhkp 32. ebf Nts; - vk;.Mh;.uhjh jkpo; Nts; - ckh kNf];tuhdhh; 33. jkpo;j; jpiug;glg; ghly;fSf;;fhf %d;W Kiw tpUJ thq;fpath; - ituKj;J 34. kf;fs; ftpQh; - gl;Lf;Nfhl;il fy;ahz Re;juk; 35. kJiuf; fhQ;rp - khq;Fb kUjdhh; 36. jhz;lf Nte;jh; - mg;gh; @ jpUehTf;furh; 37. jpUts;Sth; Njhd;wpapuh tpl;lhy; jkpoh; vd;w Xh; ,dk; ,Ug;gjhf cyfpw;Fj; njhpe;jpUf;fhJ. - fp. M.ng. tp];tehjk; gps;is 38. ghujahhpd; mr;rkpy;iy mr;rkpy;iy vd;w ghlYf;F Kd;Ndhbahfj; jpfo;e;jJ -ehkhh;f;Fk; Fbay;Nyhk; ekid mQ;Nrhk; (jpUehTf;furh;) 39. rhjpNtiu KisapNyNa fps;sp nawpa Ntz;Lk; - ghujpahh; 40. Gul;rpj; Jwtp - ts;syhh; (grpg;gpzp kUj;Jth;) tPuj;Jwtp - tpNtfhde;jh; 41. ,uhkypq;f mbfs; vOjpait 1. tbTil khzpf;f khiy 2. vOj;jwpAk; ngUkhd; khiy 3. [Pt fhUz;a xOf;fk; 4. kD Kiw fz;l thrfk; 42. caph; ,uf;fNk Nghpd;g tPl;bd; jpwTNfhy; - ts;syhh; ciueil nra;As;

138 43. mNahj;jp jhrg; gz;bjh; vOjpa E}y;fs; 1. Mjp Ntjk; 2. ,e;jpu Njr rhpj;jpuk; 44. rhjidg; G+f;fis Ve;Jk; Kd;Nd ,q;F ey;y nrb ,isg;ghwpLNkh? - rhiy ,se;jpiuad; 45. njd;dpe;jpa tuyhW vd;w E}iy vOjpath; - ePyfz;lrh];jphp 46. jpUney;Ntyp tuyhW vOjpath; - fhy;L nty; (xg;gpyf;fzk;) 47. jkpo;ehl;by; vOjg;gl;l kpfg; goikahd vOj;Jf;fs; jkpo; gpuhkp vOj;Jf;fs; 48. ngUq;fij - nfhq;F Ntsph;

%yE}y; gpUfj; fjh (nfhzhl;lh;) 49. ,sq;Nfhtbfspd; rkfhyg; Gyth; - rPj;jiyr; rhj;jdhh; 50. ,uhkhazk; muq;Nfwpa ,lk; - = uq;fk; 51. edpfLF - chpr; nrhw;nwhlh; 52. fz;ldd; te;jhd; - Kw;nwr;rk; G+tpuy; - ctikj; njhif epd;wJk; - tpidnar;rk; fufkyk; ruz fkyk; cUtfk;

53. jz;zPh; x nte;ePh;

gz;Gj; njhif 54. jl;gk; x ntg;gk; 55. gzp - fhuzg; ngah; (gzj;ijf; nfhLg;gjhy;) ftiy - njhopw; ngah; Nfhgk; - Fzg; ngah; 56. gidf;if - ctikj; njhif khjpuk; - kiy (ke;jpuk;) G+jug;Gak; - ctikj; njhif (kiy Nghd;w Njhs;) 57. vz;fpdk; -vz;F + ,dk; fub 58. gz;ngdg;gLtJ - ghlwpe;J xOFjy; md;ngdg;gLtJ - jd;fpisr; nrwhik 59. mtiy nky;Y mLg;ig %l;L ,l;yp mtp cg;G ,L $e;jiy nrUF nrtp kL ePh; ;mUe;J jz;zPh; gUF> ghy; gUF G+ njhL> G+njhl;L nghUs; <l;L kUe;J Gfl;L fz;Zf;F ik $l;L 60. ghrpiy - gRik + ,iy

139 61. gy;yhh; gifnfhsypw; gj;jLj;j jPikj;Nj ey;yhh; njhlh;if tply; gj;jLj;j - gj;J + mLj;j Nrjhk;gy; - nrk;ik + Mk;gy; 62. <d;Fotp - tpidj; njhif 63. jpUf;Fws; kd;gijf;F cyfg; nghJ

kdpjh; - jpU.tp.f. 64. ,Uq;fly; ,U epjp ,Uq;Foy; 65. jlf;if jlje;jp jlq;if chpr; nrhw; nwhlh; ,U - neUq;fpa

chpr; nrhw; nwhlh;

66. mjh; - top Giz - njg;gk; fhyjh;; - [d;dy; (gpw nkhopr; nrhy;) vs;Sjy; - ,fOjy; Futh; - ngw;Nwhh;; ,z nuhp - neUg;G (Nrh;e;jhiuf; nfhy;yp) ,Ujiyf; nfhs;sp - jtpg;G vWk;G Nghy nt&ck; - mQ;Rk; nghJk;gh; - Nrhiy nrw;wk; - rpdk; Nfopyhdh; - xg;gpy;yhjtd; nrt;tp - jpUkzg; gUtk; njhOk;gh; - mbahh; epiw - fw;G KdpT -rpdk; ,Uk; nghiw - ngUk; nghWik ,ir - Gfo; ,irxtir fdfk; - nghd; mq;fz; - mofpa ,lk; Nehy; Nth; Nehw;wJ - jtk; nra;jJ nrUf;F - nry;tk;> mfe;ij Kioi - Fif ehtha; -fg;gy; J}q;Fjy; - njhq;Fjy; 1. cunkhUtw;F - cuk; +xUtd; +F nfhq;fyh;jhs; - nfhq;F + myh; + jhs; 2. eWQ;Rit - eWik + Rit 3. eWe;njhif - ntw;wp Ntw;if (mjp tPuuhk ghz;bah;) 4. nfhf;F gwe;jJ -

g;tuhJ (vOtha; Kd; kpfhJ) 5. tps; - tpz;lhd; fz;lhd; - fhz;

Nth;

tpid Kw;W

6. Mf;fk; x NfL 7. ,uj;jy; x <jy; 8. m^c x kf^c 9. Ke;ePh; Gof;fk; --- kf^ c Nthby;iy - njhy; fhg;gpak; 10. tpLjiyf; ftp fhe;jpaf; ftp - ehkf;fy; ftpQh;

140 11. MR ftp - tPu ftpuhah; 12. rPl;Lf;ftp - ghujpahh; 13. ngwh m - ,ir epiw (m) nra;Aspir ms ngil 14. ,uhtz fhtpak;- Gyth; Foe;ij 15. X xjy; Ntz;Lk; xsp kho;Fk; nra;tpid M mJk; vd;D kth; - Gfo; kq;fhkypUf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W epidg;gth; Gfo; kq;Fk; nray;fisr; nra;akhl;lhh; Xxjy; - tpl;L tpl Ntz;Lk;. fhs Nkfg; Gyth; ,aw; ngah; - tujd; Ch;- Fk;g Nfhzj;ij mLj;j ej;jpGuk; jpUtuq;fk; nghpa Nfhapypy; klg;Gs;spapy; rikay; gzp nra;jth; me;jz Fyj;J itzth; (ma;aq;fhh;) jpUthidf; Nfhapy; jhrpahd Nkfdhq;fp Nky; fhjy; nfhz;L irtuhf khwpath;. jpUkiyuhad; mitf;fsj; jiyikg; Gyth; mjpkJu ftpNahL thjpl;L vkfz;lk; ghb mtiu ntd;wth; jpUthidf; Nfhapy; cyh ghbath; ,th; ngahpy; 403 ghly;fs; cs;sd fhpaNkfk; vt;thW tplhJ nga;ANkh mJ Nghy k; vd;Dk; Kd;Nd 700 ftp ghLk; Mw;wy; kpf;fth; mjdhy; fhsNkfk; vdg;gl;lhh;. rpNyil> tir ghLtjpy; ty;yth;. tir ghlf; fhsNkfk; vd;gJ tof;F itf;NfhYf;Fk; ahidf;Fk;>ghk;Gf;Fk;; thiog;goj;Jf;Fk; Jf;Fk;> ghk;Gf;Fk; vs;Sf;Fk;> Njq;fha;f;Fk; eha;f;Fk;>kPDf;Fk; NgDf;Fk;> gid kuj;jpw;Fk; Ntrpf;Fk; vd gy;NtW rpNyil ghbath;. thf;f vOj;Jf;fis kl;LNk nfhz;L gy ghly;fisg; Gide;jth;. ,th; ghba rpy thpfs; 1. mg;gd; ,ue;Jz;zp Mj;jhs; kiy ePyp xg;ghpa khkd; cwpjpUb - rg;igf;fhy; mz;zd; ngUtapwd; MWKfj;jhDf;F ,q;F vz;Zk; ngUik ,it ghtyh; VW- ghy Re;judhh; 1. jpUg;ghde;jho; Gutyh; kd;wk; nfhLj;j gl;lk; - ghtyh; VW 2. ,tuJ E}y;fs; 1. fue;ijf; ;Nfhit 2. Gyth; cs;sk; 3. Gutyh; cs;sk; 4. koiyj; Njd; 5. Mjp ke;jp 6. rptKk; nre;jkpOk; ghtyh; VW - ngQ;rpj;judhh; 1. jdpj;jkpo; ,af;fg; Gyth; 2. ,aw; ngah; - Jiu khzpf;fk; 3. ,tuJ E}y;fs; 1. nfha;ahf;fdp

141 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. ghtpaf; nfhj;J vz; Rit vz;gJ kfGF tQ;rp fdpr;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; rhW E}yhrphpak; cyfpay; - E}W gs;spg; gwitfs; mk;ig

Gyikg; gpj;jd; 1. ,th; jpiug;ghly; Mrphpah; 2. ,aw; ngah; - uhkrhkp 3. ,tuJ E}y;fs; 1. ghNte;jh; gps;isj;jkpo; 2. Gul;rpj;jP 3. Gul;rpg; G+f;fs; 4. vJ ftpij? 4.Gyikg; gpj;jd; xU ftpQd; (GJikg; gpj;jd; rpWfij Mrphpah;) thzpjhrd; 1. ,aw; ngah; - vj;puh[; uq;frhkp 2. ,th; ghujpjhrd; guk;giuf; ftpQh; 3. ,th; vOjpa E}y;fs; 1. jkpor;rp 2. nfhb Ky;iy 3. vopNyhtpak; 4. jPh;j;j ahj;jpiu 5. ,d;g ,yf;fpak; 6. nghq;fy; ghpR 7. ,uT tutpy;iy 8. rphpj;j Yzh - gok; 9. ,dpf;Fk; ghl;L 10. vopy; tpUj;jk; 11. Foe;ij ,yf;fpak; 12. njhL thdk; 4. thzp jhrd; vOjpaJ jkpor;rp ghujpjhrd; vOjpaJ jkpor;rpapd; fj;jp ,jo;fs; ,jopd; ngah; kzpf; nfhb fyh Nkhfpdp nghd;dp vOj;J jhkiu Fapy; ,yf;fpa tl;lk; eil Qhdujk; frl jgw my; rjq;if nfhy;ypg;ghit fhtpak; ,yf;fpak; Ch;tyk; njd;wy; fz;zjhrd; ftpjh kz;lyk; Ky;iyr; ruk; ; elj;jpath; gp.v];. uhikah KUF Rg;gpukzpak; rp.R.nry;yg;gh g.[Pthde;jk; ghujpjhrd; f. Rg;gpukzpak; Nfh. fpU\;z %h;j;jp n[afhe;jd; eh.fpU\;z %h;j;jp gue;jhkd; td khspif uh[ khh;j;jhz;lk; Rujh Rujh Rujh fz;zjhrd; fz;zjhrd; thdk; ghb nghd;dbahd; njhlq;fg;gl;l Mz;L 1933 1938 1947 1958 1958 1940 1974 1968 1970 1970 1972 1974 1955 1958 1963 1954 1973 1966

142 jPgk; jkpo;g;gzp rq;nfhyp ftpAfk; eh. ghh;j;j rhujp th.K.NrJauhkd; ,Urd; Re;ju %h;j;jp ftpij ,jo;fs; 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Fapy; - ghjpjhrd; fhtpak; - Rujh ,yf;fpak; - Rujh Ch;tyk; - Rujh cyh - xl;lf; $j;jh; njd;wy; - fz;zjhrd; -

Foe;ij ,jo;fs;

143

1. jkpopy; ntspte;j Kjy; Foe;ij ,jo; - ghy jPgpif (1840) 2. 1918 1941 1946 1947 1948 1949 ghy tpNehjpdp ghg;gh mzpy; mk;Gypkhkh fy;fz;L fz;zd;> rpj;jpuf; Fs;sd;>fpz;fpzp ghy ghujp (t.Nt.R.ma;ah;) rpWth; KuR> fUk;G NfhFyk;

1954 1972

4. Foe;ij vOj;jhsh; rq;fk; 1950 y; m.o. ts;spag;gh thy; njhlq;fg;gl;lJ.

ghujpahh;

1. ,aw ngah; 2. ngw;Nwhh; 3. gpwe;j Ch; 4. gpwe;j ehs; 5. ,we;j ehs;

Rg;ukzpak; @ Rg;igah rpd;dr;rhkp Iah;> yl;Rkp mk;khs; vl;ilahGuk; brk;gh; 11>1882 nrg; 11> 1921 (jpUty;ypf;Nfzp)

6. vl;laGu rk];jhdg; Gyth;fs; ,tUf;F ghujp vd;w gl;lk; mspj;jdh; 7. ghl;Lg; Nghl;bapy; ntd;W gdpnuz;L tajpy; ghujp vd;w gl;lk; ngw;whh; 8. mwptpw; rpwe;j ,y;ywj;jhUf;Ff; nfhLf;fg;gLk; gl;lk; - ghujp 9. Qhdj;jpy; cah;e;j JwtpfSf;Ff;Ff; nfhLf;fg;gLk; gl;lk; - ru];tjp 10. ghujp> ru];tjp ,uz;LNk fiykfspd; NtW ngah;fs; 11. jd;id n\y;yp jhrd; vd mioj;Jf; nfhz;lhh; 12. ,tuJ Gidg; ngah;fs; 1. fhspjhrd; 2. rf;jp jhrd; 3. rhtpj;hp 4. Xh; cj;jk Njrhgpkhdp 5. ej;jpa jPuh; 6. n\y;yp jhrd; 13. ,th; jk; G+Z}iy> fdfypq;fk; vd;w Mjp jpuhtplUf;F mspj;jhh; 14. GJf; ftpjif;F Kd;Ndhb 15. ghujpapd; GJf;ftpij Kd;Ndhb - thy;l;; tpl;Nkd; 16. ,th; jk; ghlYf;Fj; jhNk nkl;L mioj;jt; (ghujp) 17. ftpijapy; Rarhpjk; vOjpa Kjy; ftpQh; ,tNu. 18. 1905 y; rf;futh;j;jpdp vd;w ,jioj; njhlq;fpdhh; 19. fh;kNahfp> ghy;ghuj; Nghd;w Mq;fpy ,jo;fis elj;jpdhh;. 20. ,e;jpah vd;w ,jopd; Mrphpauhfg; gzpahw;wpdhh;. 21. nrd;id [d rq;fk; vd;w mikg;igj; Njhw;Wtpj;jhh;. 22. epNtjpjhtpd; re;jpg;ghy; ghujp jPtuthjpahdhh;. 23. 14 nkhopfspy;ey;y Gyik ngw;whth;;

144 24. ,tuJ ez;gh;fs; 1. guyp ney;iyag;gh; (jk;gp vd ghujpahuhy; miof;fg;gl;lth;) 2. th.uh. (uhkrhkp Iaq;fhh;) 3. ghujp jhrd; 25. ghujpahh; ghbait 1. Rje;jpug;ghly;fs; 2. Njrpag;ghly;fs; 3. jiyth; tho;j;Jf;fs; 4. gf;jpg; ghly;fs; 5. r%fg; ghly;fs; 6. ghg;gh ghl;L 7. Gjpa Mj;jpr;#b 8. Kg; ngUk; ghly;fs; 9. trd ftpij 26. Kg;ngUk; ghly;fs; 1. fz;zd; ghl;L 2. Fapy; ghl;L 3. ghQ;rhyp rgjk; 27. GJitapypUf;Fk; NghJ ,th; vojpa ghl;L - Fapy; ghl;L 28. ghQ;rhyp rgjk; xU fz;l fhtpak; 29. trd ftpij fhl;rp vd;w jiyg;GilaJ 30. ghujpahh; ghly;fis Kjd; Kjypy; kf;fSf;F mwpKfk; nra;jth;. - ghyp R. ney;iyag;gh; 31. ghujpahh; ghly;fis Kjd; Kjypy; ntspapl;lth; - fpU\;z rhkp Iah; 32. ghujpahh; ;ghly;fis V.tp. nka;ag;gr; nrl;bahhplkpUe;J thq;fp ehl;Lilikahf;fpath;. - Xke;J}h; gp. uhkrhkp nul;bahh; 33. jw;NghJ Gfo; ngw;W tpsq;Fk; ghujpapd; glj;ij tiue;jth; - Mh;ah vd;w gh\;ak; 34. ghujpf;F kfhftp vd;w gl;lk; toq;fpath; - th.uh. (uhkrhkp Iaq;fhh;) 35. ghujp rq;fj;ijj; Njhw;Wtpj;jth; - fy;fp 36. ghujpahh; xU mtjhu GU\h; ,th; E}iyj; jkpoh;> Ntjkhf nfhs;thh;fshf - guyp R. ney;iyag;gh; 37. ghujpia epidj;jpl;lhYk; Rje;jpuj;jpd; MNtrk; RUf;nfd;W VWk;> ,e;jpad; ehd; vd;wpLk; ey; ,Wkhg;G cz;lhk; - ehkf;fy; ftpQh; nt. uhkypq;fk; gps;is 38. ige;jkpo; Njh;g;ghfd;> nre;jkpo;j; NjdP> rpe;Jf;Fj je;ij> Gtpf;Fk; ftpijf;Fapy;> ,e;ehl;bidf; ftpo;f;Fk; gifiaf; ftpo;f;Fk; ftp KuR> ePLJapy; ePf;fg; ghb te;j epyh..............> jkpohy; ghujp jFjp ngw;wJk;> jkpo; ghujpahy; jFjp ngw;wJk; vdf; $wpath; - ghujp jhrd;. 39. ghujpahh; $wpa thpfs; 1. ahkwpe;j nkhopfspNy jkpo; nkhop Nghy; ,dpjht njq;Fk; fhNzhk;. 2. NjkJuj; jkpNohir cyfnkyhk; guTk; tif nra;y; Ntz;Lk; .

145 3. nrhy;ypy; cah;T jkpo;r; nrhy;Ny. mijj;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; njhOJ gbj;jplb ghg;gh 4. gpwehl;L ey;ywpQh; rhj;jpuq;fs; jkpo; nkhopahy; ngah;j;jy; Ntz;Lk;> ,wthj GJ E}y;fs; ,aw;wy; Ntz;Lk; . 5. nrd;wpLtPh;; !; vl;Lj;jpf;Fk;> fiyr; nry;tq;fs; ahTk; nfhzh;e;jpq;F Nrh;g;gPH;? 6. khjh; jk;ik ,opT nra;Ak; klikiaf; nfhSj;JNthk; 7. Mz;fNshL ngz;fSk; rhpepfh; rkhdkhf tho;Nthk; ,e;j ehl;bNy 8. Vionad;Wk; - mbiknad;Wk; vtDkpyiy [hjpapy; . 9. thopa ! ghuj kzpj;jpU ehL 10. Gz;zpak; Nfhb Mq;Nfhh; Viof;F vOj;jwptpj;jy; . 11. cs;sj;jpy; cz;iknahsp cz;lhapd; thf;fpdpNy xsp cz;lhk;. 12.. ekf;Fj; njhopy; ftpij> ehl;bw;F cioj;jy; 13. jUkj;jpd; tho;tjidr; #J ft;Tk; jUkk; kWgb nty;Yk; - ghQ;rhyp rgjk; (ghujpahh;) 14. fl;Lz;Nlhk;> nghWj;jpUg;Nghk;> fhyk; khWk; - ghQ;rhyp rgjk; (ghujpahh;) 15. Cd;kpf tpUk;G> ijaiyg; Nghw;W 16. rPWthh; rPW ghujpjhrd; 1. ,aw; ngah; - fdf Rg;Guj;jpdk; 2. ngw;Nwhh; - fdfrig> yl;Rkpmk;khs; 3. Ch; - GJr;Nrhp (m) ghz;br;Nrhp

4. gpwe;j Njjp - Vg;uy; 29>1891 5. ,wg;G - 21.4.1964 6. 16 tajpy; GJit murpdh; fy;Y}hpapy; Nguhrphpah; gzpapy; Nrh;e;jhh; 7. 1938 y; `pe;jp vjph;g;Gg; Nghuhl;lj;jpy; fye;J nfhz;L rpiw nrd;whh;.

8. GJr;Nrhpapy; ghujpapd; fl;lisf;fpzq;f ,th; ghba ghly; vq;nfq;F fhzpDk; rf;jpalh - jk;gp Vofly; mts; tz;zklh 9. ghujpjhrd; vOja E}y;fs; 1. ,iraKJ 2. ghz;bad; ghpR 3. vjph;ghhuhj Kj;jk; 4. Nru jhz;ltk; 5. mofpd; rphpg;G (,aw;ifia th;zpf;fpwJ) 6. FLk;g tpsf;F (fw;w ngz;fspd; rpwg;igf; $WfpwJ) 7. ,Uz;l tPL (fy;yhj ngz;fspd; ,opitf; $WfpwJ) 8. FwpQ;rpj; jpl;L 9. fz;zfp Gul;rpf; fhg;gpak; (gpy; `zpaj;jpd; jOty;) 10. kzpNkfiy ntz;gh

146 11. fhjy; epidTfs; 12. fiof;$j;jpd; fhjy; 13. jkpor;rpapd; fj;jp 14. mikjp 15. ,isQh; ,yf;fpak; 16.nrskpad; 17. ey;y jPh;g;G 18. jkpof;fpak; 19. ,uz;ad; (m0 ,izaw;w tPud; 20. fhjyh? flikah? 21. rQ;rPtp gh;tjj;jpd; rhuy; (nghJTilikf; fUj;Jf;fis typAWj;JfpwJ) 10. ghujpjhrd; ciu vOjpa E}y; - jpUf;Fws; 11. ,th; eljjpa ,jo; - Fapy; 12. ,th; $wpa thpfs;: 1. jkpOf;Fk; ;mKnjd;W Ngh;> ,d;gj; jkpo; vq;fs; capUf;F Neh; 2. jkpiog; gopj;jtidj; jha; jLj;jhYk; tpNld; 3. vq;fs; tho;Tk; vq;fs; tsKk; kq;fhj jkpnod;W rq;Nf Koq;F 4. ey;y FLk;gk; gy;fiy fofk; 5. ,Ul;liwapy; cs;sjlh cyfk; 6. rhjp ,Uf;fpwJ vd;ghDk; ,Uf;fpd;whNd 7. GjpaNjhh; cyF nra;Nthk; 8. jkpOf;Fj; njhz;L nra;Nthd; rhtjpj;iy 9. nfhiy thspid vl;lh> kpFf; nfhbNahh; nray; ;kwNty; 10. ngz;zbik jPU kl;Lk; NgRe;jpUehl;L kz;zbik jPh;e;J tUjy; Kaw;nfhk;Ng 11. jkpoha;e;j jkpod; jhd; jkpo;ehl;L Kjyikr;ruha; tUjy; Ntz;Lk; 13. ghujpjhridg; GfOk; GfOiufs;: 1. ghujpf;Fg; gpwF jkpo;ehl;by;; Xh; cz;ikahd ftp ghujpjhrd; - F.g.uh[Nfhghyd; (F.g.uh) 2. mwpTf; Nfhapiyf; fl;b mjpy; ek;ikf; FbNaw;w tpUk;Gfpd;w NguuwpQd; ghujpjhrd; GJikg;gpj;jd;

3. ghujpjhrd; ghly;fisg; gbf;Fk; me;epaUk; jkpouhfptpLth; m. rpjk;gur; nrl;bah;

147 ftpkzp Njrpf tpehafk; gps;is 1. ngw;Nwhh; rpjhZg; gps;is> Mjpyl;Rkp ehfh; Nfhtpiy mLj;j Nj&h; 27.8.1876

2. Ch; 3. gpwe;j Njjp 4. ,we;j Njjp 5. ,tuJ Mrphpah;

26.9.1954 rhe;jypq;fd; jk;gpuhd;

6. ftpkzp njhlf;fg;gs;sp Mrphpauhfg; gzpiaj; njhlq;fp Nguhrphpauhdhh;. 7. ,th; vOjpa E}y;fs; 1. kyUk; khiyAk; (ftpijj; njhFg;G E}y;) 2. Mrpa N[hjp 3. ehQ;rpy; ehl;L kUkf;fs; top khd;kpak; 4. fhe;jT+h; rhiy (tuyhw;W E}y;) 5. Njtpapd; fPh;j;jidfs; 6. ckh;fa;ahk; ghly;fs; 8. Edwin Arold vOjpa Light of Asia vd;w E}ypd; nkhop ngah;g;G E}y; Mrpha N[hjp 9. eifr;Rit vs;sy; E}y; - kUkf;fs; top khd;kpak; 10. ghurPf nkhopapy; ckh;fa;ahk; ghba &gha; E}ypd; nkhop ngah;g;G vl;th;L gpl;]; n[uhy;bd; Mq;fpy nkhop ngah;g;G Mfpaiufisj; ;jOtp vOe;jJ ckh;fa;ahk; ghly;fs; 11. ,th; $wpa thpfs; 1. Njhl;lj;jpy; NkAJ nts;isg;gRmq;Nf Js;spf;Fjpf;FJ fd;Wf;Fl;b 2. kq;ifauha;g; gpwg;gjw;N fey;y khjtk; nra;jply; Ntz;Lkk;kh 3. Nfhapy; KOtJq; fz;Nld;> cah; NfhGuk; vwpf; fz;Nld; 4. ghl;Lf;nfhU Gytd; ghujpalh ftpkzpiag; gw;wpa GfOiufs; 1. ftpkzpapd; ftpijiag; Ghpe;J nfhs;tjw;F gz;bjuhf Ntz;Ltjpy;iy. gbf;fj; njhpe;j vtUk; nghUs; nfhs;sj;jf;f vspa eil. T.K. rz;Kfk; 2. 1940 y; ,th; ftpkzp gl;lk; ngw;whh; 3. Njrpf tpehafj;jpd; ftpg; ngUikiaj; jpdKk; Nfl;gJ vd;nrtpg; ngUik. - ehkf;fy; ftpQh; Nt.uh. ehkf;fy; ftpQh; Nt.uhkypq;fk; gps;is ,aw;ngah; - Nt.uhkypq;fk; gps;is ngw;Nwhh; - Ntq;fluhkg;gps;is> mk;kzp mk;khs; tsh;g;Gj; jha; - gJyh gPk; vd;w Kfkjpa ngz; Ch; - ehkf;fy; ,th; rpwe;j Xtpah; Kjd; Kjyhf ,th; tiue;j glk;

148 ,uhkfpU\;z guk`k;rh;

mhpaizapy; mkh;e;jpUf;Fk; 5 - k; [hh;[; kd;dUf;F Kb#l;LtJ Nghy; glk; tiue;J jq;fg; gjf;fk; ngw;wth; ,th; vOjpa E}y;fs; 1. jkpod; ,jak; 2. rq;nfhyp 3. mtDk; mtSk; (fhtpak;) 4. jkpo;j; Njh; 5. kiyf;fs;sd;(kh;k ehty;) 6. ,yf;fpa ,d;gk; (fl;Liu) 7. vd;fij (Ra rhpij E}y;) Nfhtpe;j uhr ma;aq;fhUld; Nrh;e;J ,th; elj;jpa ,jo; - Nyhf kpj;ud; (ez;gd;) ,th; $wpa rpy thpfs;: 1. jkpod; vd;W nrhy;ylh jiy epkph;e;j epy;ylh 2. jkpod; vd;Nwhh; ,dKz;L. jdpNa mtDf;Nfhh;; FzKz;L. ,th; fhe;jpaf; ftp vd Nghw;wg;gLfpwhh;. fj;jpapd;wp ,uj;jkpd;wp Aj;jnkhd;W tUFJ vd;w ,tuJ thpfs; ,uh[h[papd; Ntjhud; cg;Gr; rj;jpahfpufj;jpy; ghlg;gl;ld. 1942>-1949 y; jkpof muritf; ftpQuhf ,Ue;jhh;. fz;zjhrd; 1. ,aw;ngah; 2. ngw;Nwhh; 3. Ch; - Kj;ijah - rhj;jg;gd; tprhyhl;rp - rpW $ly; gl;b (fhiuf;Fb)

4. Nryk; khtl;lk; [yfz;lGuk; gh. fz;zd; vd;w ehlf Mrphpahpd; jhrd;. 5. ,tuJ Gidg; ngah;fs; 1. fhiu Kj;Jg; Gyth; 2. tzq;fh Kb 3. fkfg; gphpah 4. Jg;ghf;fp 6. ,tuJ E}y;fs; 1. ftpijfs; - 7 njhFjpfs; 2. jpiu ,irg;ghly;fs; - 2 njhFjpfs; 3. khq;fdp - jpUr;rp rpiwapypUe;j NghJ vOjpa Kjy; fhtpak; 4. Ml;lzj;jp Mjp ke;jp - fhjy; fhg;gpak; 5. ,NaR fhtpak; - ,Wjpahf ,th; vOjpa E}y; 6. =fpU\;z ftrk; - gf;jpg; ghly;fs;

149 ,tuJ ehty;fs;: 1. Fkhpf; fhz;lk; (ny%hpahf; fhz;lj;ijf; fhl;LfpwJ) 2. Nrukhd; fhjyp (rhfpj;a mfhlkp tpUJ ngw;wJ) 3. Ntyq;Fbj; jpUtpoh 4. Cikad; Nfhl;il 5. tpsf;F kl;Lkh rptg;G? 6. Mapuq;fhy; kz;lgk; 7. rpq;fhhp ghh;j;j nrd;id 8. rptfq;ifr; rPik 9. uh[ jz;lid ,th; vOjpaa cileil E}y;fs; 1. mh;j;jKs;s ,e;J kjk; 2. Qhd khypfh 3. G\;g khypfh 4. uhf khypfh ,th; elj;jpa ,jo;fs;: 1. njd;wy; 2. Ky;iy 3. fz;zjhrd; ,tuJ thpfs; rpy: 1. NeU ,we;j NghJ ghbaJ rhNt cdf;nfhU ehs; rhT te;J NruhNjh 2. tPL tiu cwT> tPjp tiu kidtp> fhL tiu gps;is> filrp tiu ahNuh 3. Milapd;wp gpwe;Njhk;> Mirapd;wp gpwe;Njhkh? Rujh (Rg;Guj;jpd jhrd;) 1. Rg;Guj;jpdk; - ghujp jhridf; Fwpf;Fk; 2. Rujhtpd; ,aw;ngah; - uh[Nfhghy; 3. ,th; ngw;w gl;lk; - ctikf; ftpQh; 4. ctikf; ftpQh; vd Kjy; Kjyhfg; Gfo;e;jth; n[f rpw;gpad; 5. ,th; vOjpa ftpij E}y;fs;: 1. Njd; kio 2. rhtpd; Kj;jk; 3. cjl;bd; cjL 4. gl;lj;J murp 5. RtUk; Rz;zhk;Gk; 6. Fiw Kfk; 7. thh;j;ij thry; 8. vr;rpy; ,uT 6. ,th; vOjpa fl;Liu Kd;Dk; gpd;Dk; 10 parts jj;Jt E}y;fs;

150

7. ,th; elj;jpa ,jo; - fhtpak; ,JNt Kjy; ftpij ,jo; 8. gpw ,jo;fs; ,yf;fpak;> Ch;tyk;

9. ,th; $wpa rpy thpfs;: 1. Ntw;Wikia tpidr; nrhw;fs; Vw;gjpy;iy NtWghl;ilj; jkpo;r;rq;fk; Vw;gjpy;iy 2. fhjy; Nehia ke;jpuq;fs; jPh;g;gjpy;iy kq;if jPh;g;ghs; 3. gLj;jpUf;Fk; tpdhf;Fwp Nghy; kPir itj;j ghz;baNu 4. ghujpjhrdpd; ftpij Fwpj;J ,th; $wpa thpfs; jil eilNamth; vOj;jpy; ,y;iy thioj; jz;Lf;fh jLf;fpd;w fZf;fSz;L Kbaurd; 1. ,aw;ngah; - Jiuuh[; 2. ,ht; xU jpuhtpl ,af;fk; ftpQh;. 3. ,th; vOjpa E}y;fs; 1. jkpo; ,af;fg; Nghuhl;l tuyhW 2. Kbaurd; ftpijfs; 3. fhg;gpag; ghit 4. G+q;nfhb 4. ehlfq;fs; 1. Cd;W Nfhy; (gz;bj kzp fjpNurd; nrl;bah; gw;wpaJ) 5. ,th; $wpa rpy thpfs; nkhop fhf;Fk; tuk;gpy;iyNay; vk;nkhopAk; mope;J NghFk;.

kUjfhrp 1. ,tuJ Mrphpah; - ghgehrk; rptdpd; rNfhjuh; uh[ Nfhghy Iah; 2. ,tUila 13 tJ tajpy; Kjy; ghl;L: topeilg; ghl;lhfpa fhkd; gz;bif 3. ,th; Kjd; Kjypy; vOjpa glk; - khahtjp 4. rk;G+h;z uhkhazg; glg; ghly;fs; KOtJk; vOjpath;. 5. 1968 y; fiy khkzp tpUJ ngw;wth; 6. jpiuf;ftpj; jpyfk; vd;w gl;lk; ngw;wth; 7. kUj kiy khkhzpNa KUifah vd;w ghly; jkpof murpd; ghpR ngw;wJ. 8. Modern Theatres - d; ,ul;ilf; ftpQh;fs;: - kUjfhrp> fh.K.n\hpg; 9. Vh;Kidf;F Neh; ,q;Nf vJTkpy;iy 10. kzg;ghiw khL fl;b 11. ePy tz;zf; fz;zh thlh 12. vd;id tpl;L Xbg;Nghf KbAkh? 13. Ky;iy kyh; NkNy nkha;f;Fk; tz;L NghNy 14. thuha; eP thuha; Mfpait ,it vOjpa ghly;fs; gl;Lf;Nfhl;il fy;ahz Re;juk; 1. nghJtilikf; fUj;Jf;fisj; jpiug;ghly;fspy; GFj;jpath; 2. vdJ tyif vdg; ghujpjhrdhy; Gfog;gl;lth; 3. mth; Nfhl;il ehd; Ngl;il vd Ntbf;ifahfr; nrhd;dth; - cLkiy ehuhaz ftp 4. ,tuJ rpy ghly;fs;:

151 1. J}q;fhNj jk;gp J}q;fhNj 2. Ntg;gku cr;rpapy; epd;W 3. Muk;gkhtJ 4. rpd;dg;gaNy 5. trjp 6. nfhLj;jtNd vLj;Jf; 5. cLkiy ehuhaz ftp 1. fiythzh; vd;.v];.fpU\;zdhy; jpiu cyfpw;F te;jth; 2. ehl;Lg;Gwg; ghly; nkl;Lfisj; jpiug;glj;jpw;F mwpKfk;nra;jth; 3. rPh;jpUj;jf; fUj;Jf;fis Kjd; Kjyhfj; jpiug; ghly;fspy; GFj;jpath;. 4. ,th; ngw;w gl;lk; - ftpuhah;> gFj;jwpTf; ftpuhah; 5. jpUf;Fws; fUj;Jf;fis kpFjpahfg; gad;gLj;jpath; 6. Fw;wk; Ghpe;jtd; tho;f;ifapy; tpz;NzhLk; KfpNyhLk; tpisahLk; 1. G+kpapd; FWf;fsT = 8000 iky;fs; 10 iky; = 16 fp.kP =8000/10x16 =12800 fp.kP Rw;wsT 31416 gug;G = 50281.0 Mye;J}h; Nkhfduq;fd; 1. ghl;L muq;f ghtyuha;g; Gfo; ngw;wth; 2. ,tuJ ftpij E}y;fs; 1. rpj;jpiug; ge;jy; 2. fhyf; fpsp 3. ,kak; vq;fs; fhybapy; 4. gs;spg; gwitfs; 3. ,th; vOjpa ftpij ehlfq;fs; 1. itu %f;Fj;jp 2. naghJ kdpjd; 3. ahUf;Fg; nghq;fy; 4. faik fisNthk; 5. kdpjNd Gdpjdhtha; 4. .,th; vOjpa fhg;gpak; - fdTg; G+f;fs; 5. ,th; vOjpa ehty; - epidj;;jhy; ,dpg;gtNs 6. ,th; vOjpa ciu eil ehlfk; - rthy; rk;e;jk; 7. ,th; vOjpa tho;f;if tuyhW - tzf;fj;Jhpa tujuhrdhh; 8. Kjd; Kjypy; GJf;ftpij vOjpa Mq;fpNyah; - thy;l; tpl;Nkd; 9. thy;l; tpl;Nkd; vOjpa GJf;ftpij E}ypd; ngah; - Gy;ypd; ,jo;fs; 10. jkpopy; GJf;ftpij vOj Kjd; Kjypy; Kaw;rp nra;jth; - ghujpahh; 11. ghujpf;F topfhl;b - thy;l; tpl;Nkd; 12. Rit GjpJ>nghUs;>GjpJ>tsk; GjpJ-,J ahUila $w;W ghujpahh;

13. jkpopy; GJf;ftpij Kd;Ndhbahf ,Ue;J topfhl;bath;

152 -ghujpahh; 14. GJf;ftpijia ve;j ,yf;fzj;Js; mlf;fyhk;. njhy;fhg;gpak; $Wk; tpUe;J vd;Dk; tdg;gpDs; mlf;fyhk;. 15. ,utpNy thq;fpDk; ,d;Dk; tpbatpy;iy vd;gJ ahUila $j;J. - ,uq;fehjd; 16. ehq;fs; eph;thzj;ij tpw;gid nra;fpNwhk; Mil thq;Ftjw;fhf ,J ahUila $j;J eh. fhkuhrh; 17. fhe;jp kfhd; fijiag; ghlyhf vOjp Nkilapy; ghbath; - nfhj;j kq;fyk; Rg;G 18. jkpo;g; GJf;ftpijapd; Kd;Ndhb - eh. gpr;r%h;j;jp 19. Kjd; Kjypy; GJf;ftpij ntspapl;l ,jo; - kzpf;nfhb 20. GJf;ftpijf;Fj; njhlf;fj;jpy; ,Ue;j NtW ngah;fs; 1. ciug;gh 2. ciu tPr;R - ngUQ;rpj;jpudhh; - rhiy ,se;jpiuad;

3. nrhw;Nfhyk; - fz;zjhrd; 4. FWk;gh 5. tpLjiyg;gh 6. Ngr;R epiyg;gh vOj;Jf; fhyf; ftpQh;fs; 1. eh. gpr;r %h;j;jp 2. jUK rptuhK 3. itj;jP];tud; 4. gRta;ah 5. NtZ Nfhghyd; 6. rp.R.nry;yg;gh 7. eFyd; 1. tpwyp tpL J}J - Rg;u jPgf; ftpuhah;

2. kzpNkfiy ntz;gh - ghujpjhrd; 3. gukhh;j;j FU fij - tPu khKdpth; - tPu ftpuhah; - fr;rpag;g Kdpth;

4. mhpr;re;jpu Guhzk; 5. tpehafh; Guzhk;

6. fz;Lgpbg;G xd;wpw;fhff; fhg;Ghpik ngw;w xNu mnkhpf;f [dhjpgjp - Mgpu1hk; ;ypq;fd; (i`l;uhypf; fUtp) ,J flypy; jiu jl;b epw;Fk; fg;giyj; J}f;f cjTk;. thdk;ghb fhy ftpQh;fs; 1. rpw;gp rf;jpf;fdy; 2. itu Kj;J 3. Njdurd; 4. GtpauR 5. eh.fhkuhrd; 6. jkpo; ehld; 7. fq;if nfhz;lhd; 8. ,d;Fyhg; 9. mf;dp Gj;jpud; 10. <NuhL jkpog;gd;

153 11. mg;Jy; u`;khd; 12. K. Nkj;jh 1. vOj;Jf;fhyf; ftpQh;fs; mfepiyf; ftpQh;fs; Mthh;. 2. thdg;ghbf; fhyf; ftpQhf;s; Gwepiyf; ftpQh;fs; Mthh; 3. kd czh;Tfis kpFjpahfg; ghbath;fs; - vOj;Jf; fhyf; ftpQh;fs; ,th;fs; ahg;gpyf;fzk; mwpahjth;fs; 4. rKjha czh;Tfis kpFjpahfg; ghbath;fs; thdk;ghbf;fhyf; ftpQh;fs; 5. ,th;fs; ngUk;ghYk; ahg;gpyf;fzk; mwpe;j Nguhrphpah;fs; 6. ahg;gpyf;fzk; fw;W Kjypy; kuGf; ftpij vOjpg; gpd; GJf;ftpij> vOj te;jth;fs; thdk;ghb fhyf; ftpQh;fs;

7. GJf;ftpijapy; fl;Gyf; fhl;rpia kpFjpahfg; gad;gLj;jpa ftpQh; gh. cja Fkhh;

8. ,th; vOjpa xU ftpijj; njhFg;G Xh; mofpd; ntspr;rk; mg;Jy; u`;khd; 1. ftpf;Nfh vd miof;fg;gl;lth; 2. gbkf; ftpQh; 3. njhd;kk; vd;w ,yf;fpa cj;jpia kpFjpahfg; gad;gLj;jpath; 4. GJf;ftpijapy; FwpaPl;L Kiwia mwpKfg;gLj;jpath; 5. ,utJ E}y;;fs; 1. ghy; tPjp 2. Neah; tpUg;gk; 3. Rl;L tpuy; 4. Myhgid 5. nrhe;j rpiwfs; 6. gpj;jd; 7. Kl;il thrpfs; 8. mtSf;F epyh vd;W ngah; 9. tpijNghy; tpOe;jtd; (mz;zh) 10. Kj;jkpopd; Kfthp (fUzhepjp) 6. mwpQh; mz;zh gw;wpa ,tuJ ftpijj; njhFg;G - tpij Nghy; tpOe;jtd; - Kj;jkpopd; Kfthp kPuh (kP. uhN[e;jpud;) 1. ,aw; ngah; kP. uhN[e;jpud; 2. md;dk; tpL J}J vd;w ,jopd; Mrphpah; ,th; vOjpa E}y;fs; 1. fdTs; + fw;gidfs; = fhfpjq;fs; 2. %d;Wk; %d;Wk; 3. Crpfs; 4. ghujpak;

eh. fhkuhrd; 1. cUtff; ftpQh; 2. ftpauRg; gl;lk; ngw;wth; 3. ,tuJ E}y;fs;:

154 1. fUg;G klyh;fs; 2.k fpWf;fy;fs; 3. ehty; gok; 4. kfh fhtpak; 5. Rje;jpu jpdj;jpy; xU ifjpapd; ilhp 6. jh[;k`hYk; nuhl;bj; Jz;Lk; 7. #hpa fhe;jp 8. r`huhitj; jhz;lhj xl;lfq;fs; K. Nkj;jh 1. KOg; ngah; - KfkJ Nkj;jh 2. ,th; xU gbkf; ftpQh; 3. ,tuJ E}y;fs;: 1. fz;zPh;g; G+f;fs; 15. fhw;iw kpul;ba rUFfs; 2.. Ch;tyk; 3. kdr; rpwF (kuGf; ftpij E}y;) 4. Kfj;Jf;F Kfk; (ftpauq;f ftpijj; njhFjp) 5. ntspr;rk; ntspNa ,y;iy 6. mth;fs; tUfpwhh;fs; 7. ele;j ehlfk; 8. fhe;jpUe;j fhg;G 9. jpUtpohtpy; xU njUg;ghlfd; 10. ehl;fs;; 11. xU thdk; ,U rpwF 12. ,jaj;jpd; ehw;fhyp 13. Mfhaj;jpy; mLj;j tPL 14. ehafk; xU fhtpak; 4. jkpof murpd; ghpR ngw;w ,tuJ E}y; - Ch;tyk; 15. ,th; vOjpa tuyhw;W E}y; - Nrho epyh itu Kj;J 1 tLfl;biar; Nrh;e;jth; 2. Kjy; ftpi - ,sneQ;rpd; Vf;fk; 3. thndhypapy; Kjd; Kjyhfg; GJf;ftpij ghbath; ,f;ftpijj; njhFg;gpd; ngah; fz;zPiur; rphpf;f tpLNthk;. 4. ,tUila Kjy;; ftpijj; njhFg;gpd; ngah; itfiw Nkfq;fs; 3. ,th; vOjpa gpw E}y;fs; 1. jz;zPh; Njrk; 2. fs;spf;fhl;L ,jpfhrk; 3. ftpuh[d; fij 4. jpUj;jpa vOjpa jPh;g;Gfs; 5. ,d;ndhU Njrpa fPjk; 6. nfhb kuj;jpd; Nth;fs; 7. vd; ngsdj;jpd; rj;jq;fs; 8. ,Jtiu ehd;

155 9. fy; ntl;Lfs; 10. Nfs;tpahy; xU Nfs;tp 11. thdk; njhl;L tpLk; J}uk; jhd; 12. kpzLk; vd; njhl;bYf;F eh. gpr;r%h;j;jp vOjpa E}y;fs; 1. fpspf;FQ;;R 2. G+ff;fhhp 3. topj;Jiz 4. fpspf;$z;L 5. fhl;L thj;J 1. eh. gpr;r%h;j;jp GJf;ftpijiaj; jkpOf;F mwpKfg;gLj;jpath;fspy; ;Kjd;ikahdth; rp. R. nry;yg;gh 1. vOj;J vd;Dk; ,jopd; mrphpah; 2. kzpf; nfhbf;Fk; gpd; GJf;ftpijia tsh;j;j ,jo;fspy; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ vOj;J 3. ,th; vOjpa ftpij E}y;fs;: 1. khw;W ,jak; 2. eP ,d;W ,Ue;jhy; 3. GJf;Fuy; jpUK rptuhK 1. gbk ,ay; ftpijfspy; <LghL nfhz;lth; 2. rpf;kz;LF gpuha;bd; nfhs;iffspy; <LghL kpf;fth;. 3. ,tuJ kW ngah;- gpukps; 4. ,tuJ ftpij E}y;fs; 1. ifg;gpb msT fly; 2. Nky; Nehf;fpa gazk; 3. fz;zhb cs;spUe;J 4. tpbT gRta;ah 1. gbkf; ftpQh; 2. ,aw.; ngah; - Re;ju uhkrhkp 3. ,tuJ ftpijfs; fUj;jhoKk; NfypAk; nfhz;lit. 4. ,tuJ gilg;Gfs; 1. eLerp eha;fs; 2. ahNuh xUtDf;fhf 3. 107 ftpijfs; fy;ahz;[p 1. ,aw; ngah;; - fy;ahz Re;juk; 2. jkpo; ,yf;fpa tuyhw;wpy; GJf;ftpijapy; jdp ,lk; ngw;whh;. 3. 1969 Kjy; ,d;W tiu njhlh;e;J ftpij vOJgth; fy;ahz;[p vOjpa E}y;fs;: 1. epfo;fhyk; vg;gb ,Uf;fpwJ? fyhg;gphpah 1. kdpj kdj;jpd; mOf;if ,tuJ ftpijfs; NjhYhpj;Jf; fhl;Lk;. 2. ,tuJ ftpijfs; 1. mts; mofha; ,yyhjjhy; vdf;Fj; jq;ifahfptpl;lhs;. 3. nrhe;j ngah; - NrhkRe;juk; 4. GJikg; gpjjdpd; ciu eilapd; jhf;fk;

156 ,thplk; cs;sJ. 5. ,tNu GJikg; gpj;jdpd; ghh;itia thq;fp vd; gjpg;gpy; vOjpNdd; vd;fpwhh;. rpw;gp 1. ,aw; ngah;- ghy Rg;gpukzpak; 2. ,tUila ftpijj; njhFjpfs;: 1. epyTg; G+ 2. rphpj;j Kj;Jf;fs; 3. rh;g;g ahfk; 4. nksd kaf;fq;fs; 5. #hpa epoy; 6. Gd;dif G+f;Fk G+idsf; <NuhL jkpod;gd; 1. ,aw; ngah; - n[fjPrd; 2. ,tuJ E}yf;s; 1. Njhzp tUfpwJ 2. jPtfs; fiuNaWfpd;wd 3. Cik ntapy; 4. me;j ej;jid 5. vhpj;j neUg;gpd; kpr;rk; 6. #hpag; gpiwfs; 7. kpd;kpdpf; fhL 8. rpwFfs; 9. xU tz;b nrd;wpA 10. tPizf;F tUk; Kd; ,ir ,Ue;j ,lk; 11. tzf;fk; ts;Sth; 12. tpbay; nghOJfs; 13. #hpag; gwitfs; 14. fhyj;jpw;F xU ehs; Ke;jp 3. ,tuJ ftpij 1. tho;f;if me;epa nkhop> kuzk; jha; nkhop ,tuJ ftpijfs; : 1tUk; NghFk; Njt Neag; ghthzh; 1. jdpj;jkpo; ,af;fj;ijr; Nrh;e;jth; 2. jkpNo cyf nkhopfspd; jha; vd;w nfhs;if cilath; rp. kzp 1. ,tuJ neLq;ftpij- efuk; 2. xspr;Nrh;f;if vd 2 njhFjpfshf ntspte;Js;sd. 3. nre;jkpo;r; nrhw;gpwg;G mfu Kjyp vOjpath; 4. ,th; vOjpa E}y;fs;: 1. Kjy; jha; nkhop 2. xg;gpay; nkhop E}y; 3. goe;jkpo; Ml;rp 4. jkpoh; jpUkzk; 5. jkpo; tuyhW 6. nkhop tuyhW 7. jkpoh; tuyhW 8. jkpo; ,yf;fpa tuyhW

157 9. jkpo ; kjk; 10. tlnkhop ,yf;fpa tuyhW 11. jpUf;Fws; jkpo; kuGiu 12. jkpo;> tlnkhop> Mq;fpyk; %d;wpYk; Gyik kpf;fth; 13. jkpo;r; nrhw;fs; gytw;iwg; Gjpjhf cUthf;fpath; nj.Ngh. kPdhl;rp Re;juk; 1. jkpo; nkhopapay; Ma;tpd; Kd;Ndhb 2. mfj;jpaypq;fk;> nghw;Nfh Nghd;w mwpQh;fspd; Mrphpah; 3. ,tuJ rpwe;j Ma;T E}y; - fhdy; thp 4. ,th; vOjpa gpw E}y;fs;:1. Fbkf;fs; fhg;gpak; 2. gpwe;jJ vg;gbNah> 3. jkpoh ! epidj;Jg;ghh; 4. FNryh; 5. jkpo; ,yf;fpak; 6. ts;Sth; fz;l ehLk; fhkKk; ghly; njhlh;ghd rpj;jh;fs; 1. rpj;jf;fisr; nra;a ty;yth;fs; - rpj;jh;fs; 2. rpj;jp vd;gJ mwpitf; Fwpf;Fk; 3. vy;yh rf;jpAk; iftug; ngw;why; rpj;jpaile;j rpj;jh;fs; Mfyhk; vd;gJ ehl;Lg;Gw tof;F 4. Fz;lypdp rfjpiag; ngw;wth;fs; rpj;jh;fs; 5. Fz;lypdp rf;jp vd;gJ %r;ir cs;Ns mlf;fp kdij xUikg;gLj;jp GUtj;jpd; eLg;gFjpapy; rf;pjia epiy ngWk;gbr; nra;tjhFk;. 6. rpj;jp vl;L tifg;gLk;. (m\;lkhrpj;jp) 1.mdpkh - cliy rpwpajhf;fpf; nfhs;Sjy; 2. kfpkh - cliy nghpajhf;fpf; nfhs;Sjy; 3. fphpkh - cliy kiy Nghd;W jplkhf;fpf; nfhs;Sjy; 4. yfpkh - cliy gQ;R Nghy; Nyrhf;Fjy; 5;. g;uhg;jp - vijAk; epidj;jTld miljy; 6. g;u`hkpak; - $L tpl;Lf; $L gha;jy; 7. <rj;Jtk; - xU nraiy (m) xd;iw cUthf;fp ghJfhj;J epiwT nra;Ak; jpwd; 8. trpj;Jtk; - cyf caph;fisj; jd;tag;gLj;jp jd; MSifapd; gb elf;fr; nra;Ak; jd;ik jd; MSifapd;gb elf;fr; nra;Ak; jd;ik. 7. rpj;jh;fSf;F [hjp Ngjkpy;iy 8. 60 f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l rpj;jh;fs; cs;sdh;. 9. 18>108>1008 vd;Dk; vz;zpf;ifapy; rph;jh;fisf; fUJtJ ,ay;G 10. mbg;gilapy; rpjjh;fs; 18 vd;W $WtJ kuG 11. rpj;jh;fspy; Kjd;ikahdth;. - jpU%yh; 12.. 18 rpj;jh;fs; 1. mfj;jpah;fs; 2. ,ilf;fhlh; 3. Nuhk Kdp 4. fky Ksp 5. fapiy ehjh; 6. $d; fz;zd;

158 7. $h;k Kdp 8. nfhq;fzh; 9. nfhq;fzh; Nfhuf;fh; 10. rl;il Kdp 11. Re;juhde;jh; 12. jpU%yh; 13. gpuk;k Kdp 14. gpz;zhf;F <rh; 15. ee;jp 16. Nghfh; 17. kr;r Kdp 18. thr Kdp 13. ,g;gjpndl;L rpj;jh;fs; gl;bay; khwpAk; mikfpwJ. 1. jpU%yh; 2. rpt thf;fpah; 3. gl;bdj;jhh; 4. gj;u fphpahh; 5. ghk;ghl;b rpj;jh; 6. ,ilf;fhl;Lr; rpj;jh; 7. mfg;Nga; rpj;jh; 8. Fjk;ig rpj;jh; 9. fhLntsp rpj;jh; 10. mOfzp rpj;jh; 11. nfhq;fz rpj;jh; 12. rl;il Kdp 13. mfj;jpah; 14. Rg;ukz;a rpj;jh; 15. Nghfh; 16. Nuhk Kdp 17. fUT+h; 18. Njiuah; 14. rpj;jh;fs; njhlh;ghfg; gy mfuhjpfs; cs;sd. 1. itj;jpa %ypif mfuhjp 2. itj;jpa %ypif tphptfuhjp 3. itj;jpa %ypif kiyafuhjp 4. mUk;ngah; mDge;j mfuhjp 5. njhif mfuhjp 6. gr;rpiy %ypif mfuhjp 7. ghpghi\ mfuhjp 8. fUg;nghUs; mfuhjp 9. kiwg;G ntspg;gil mfuhjp 15. rptthf;fpah; nrhd;dit 1. el;lf;fy;iy nja;tnkd;W ehY G\;gk; rhj;jpNa Rw;wp te;J nkhd nkhd ntd;W nrhy;Yk; ke;jpuk; Vjlh? el;lf;fy;Yk; NgRNkh? ehjd; cs;spUf;ifapy;? Rl;l rl;b rl;Ltk; fwpRit mwpANkh? 2. Xb Xb Xb Xb cl;fye;j N[hjpia ehb ehb ehb ehb ehl;fSk; fope;J tpLNk. thb thb thb thb khz;L Nghd khe;jh;fs; Nfhb Nfhb Nfhb Nfhb vz;zpy;yhj NfhbNa.

159 16. gl;bdj;jhh; nrhd;dit : (,aw; ngah; - ];Ntjhuz;ah;) (kWngah; - jpUntz;fhlh;) nrhd;dit 1. fhjw;w CrpAk; thuhJ fhZk; filtopf;Nf 2. ehw;w gh z;lk; ehd;Koj;J cz;gJ gPw;wy; Jz;lk; Nga;r;Riu Njhl;lk;- kdpj tho;tpd; epiyahik gw;wpf; $Wfpwhh;. ,tuJ rPlh;- gj;u fphpahh; 3. gl;bdj;jhh; mlf;fk; ngw;w jyk; - jpUthw;wpA+h; - gj;ufphpahh; 4. xd;W vd;wpU nja;tk; cz;nld;wpU 5. nfhy;yhjtd; newp ,y;yhjtd; Ik;Gyd;fs; jk;ik nty;yhjtd; 6. nfhl;b Kof;fp mOthh; kahdk; FWfp mg;ghy; vl;b mb itg;gNuh ,with fr;rp Vfk;gNd ! (fr;rp Vfk;gNd ! vd te;jhy; gl;bdj;jhh; vOjpaJ) 7. Kd;idapl;l rP> Kg;Gwj;jpNy gpdidapl;l jp njddpyq;ifapNy md;idapl;l jP mbtapw;wpNy ahDkpl;l jP %s;fNt %s;fNt 17. gj;ufphpahh; nrhd;dit 1. ,th; JSt ehl;L kd;dh; 2. gl;bdj;jhiuf; fONtw;w Kad;W Njhw;wth; 3. gl;bdj;jhh;f;Nf mbikahfp mur ,d;gq;fis Jwe;jth; 4. Nga; Nghy; jphpe;J gpzk; Nghy; fple;J ngz;izj; jha Nghy; epidj;J jtk; Kbg;gJ vf;fhyk; (vf;fhyk; vd Kbgit - gj;ufphpahh; thpfs;) 5. Mq;fhuk; cs;slf;fp Ik;GyidAk; fl;Ltpj;Jj; J}q;fhky; J}q;fp Rfk; ngWtJ vf;fhyk ; 18. ghk;ghl;b rpj;jh; 1.ghk;G tbtkhf cs;s Fz;lypdp rf;pjia vOg;gp mjd; %yk; md;k jhprdk; ngwyhk;vdf; $wpath;. 2. ,th; nfhq;F ehl;L kUjkiyapy; tho;e;jth; 3. ,th; mlf;fk; ngw;w jyk; - tpUj;jhr;ryk; ,th; $wpa thpfs; 1. ,Uth; kz; Nrh;j;jpl xUth; gz;z <iue;J khjkha; itj;j #iy mUikaha; ,Ug;gpDk; kha; me;j #iy mUikaha; ,Ug;gpDk; me;j #iy miuf;fhRf;F MfhJ vd;W ML ghk;Ng 10. ,il;ffhl;Lr; rp;j;jh;; 1. nfhq;fz rpj;jhpd; rPlh; 2. mtpj;j tpj;J KisahNj jhz;ltf; NfhNd ! Kf;jp tha;e;jJ vd;W vz;zlh jhz;ltf; NfhNd ! gf;jpaw;wth; fjpailahh; jhz;ltf; NfhNd ! 3. kdk; vd;Dk; khL mlq;fpdhy; jhz;ltf; NfhNd ! 4. rpdk; vd;Dk; ghk;G mlq;fpdhy; jhz;ltf; NfhNd ! ahTk; rpj;jp vd;W vz;zlh 5. ,th; mlf;fk; ngw;w jyk; - jpUtz;zhkiy 1. ,e;jpa gj;jphpf;if fTd;rpypd; jiyth; - khh;f;fz;Nla f[;[P (Kd;dhs; cr;rp eP.jiy.eP) 2. gpypg;igd;]; ehl;ilj; jhf;fpa ilG+d;fspd; ngah; - Nghgh 4. fhtphp ePiug; gad;gLj;jpr; rhFgb nra;a fh;ehlfj;jpw;F fhtphp eLth; kd;wj;jhy; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;l gug;gsT - 8.47 yl;rk; Vf;fh; 5. nlq;F fha;r;riyf; Fzg;gLj;jTk;> jLf;fTk; ve;j tifahd rpj;j kUe;Jfisg; gad;gLj;jj; jkpof muR ghpe;Jiuj;Js;sJ? 1. gg;ghsp ,iyr;rhW 2. kiy Ntk;G ,iyr;rhW

160 3. epy Ntk;G Fbdp 6. rphpah ehl;bd; mjpgh; - g\hh; mry; mrhj; 7. rptpy; rh;tP]; Njh;tpy; khw;wk; nra;ag; ghpe;Jiuj;j fkpl;b - epfNtfh; fkpl;b 8. kj;jpa epjpaikr;rhpd; MNyhrfuhf epakpf;fg;gl;lth; - ghj;j;jrhujp Nrhk; epjpaikr;rhpd; gjtpf;fhyk; KbAk; tiu ,UtUk; gjtp tfpg;ghh;. 9. jPghtspad;W ,e;jpahitg; glk;gpbj;j ehrhtpd; njhopy; El;gk; - VIIRS 10. fhNthp fz;fhzpg;Gf; FOj; jiyth; -Jut; tp[a; rpq; (kj;jpa ePh;tsj; Jiwr; nrayh;) 11. jdpahh; gs;spfSf;fhd fl;lz eph;zaf; FOtpd; jiyth; v];.Mh;. rpq;fhu NtY 12. ngz;fs; td;Kiw xopg;G jpdk; (International lay for - Anti - violence against Woman ) - Nov. 25 13. ghuhSkd;w tpjp 184 vijf; $WfpwJ ? - tpthjj;jpw;Fg; gpwF xl;nlLg;G 14. tpjp 110 vijf; $WfpwJ? - kf;fSila mtruj; Njitf;fhf jPhkhdk; nfhz;L tUtJ. 15. fhtphpapypUe;J jpwf;fg;gLk; ePhpd; msT cs;spl;l gy;NtW eltbf;iffisf; fz;fhzpg;gjfw;fhf mikf;fg;gl cs;s mikg;G - fhtphp ejp Nkyhz;ik thhpak; 16. fhtphp eLth; kd;w jPh;g;G ntspahd ehs; - Feb 5 ,2007 jkpo; ehl;Lf;F 419 b.vk;.rp fh;ehlfh 270 b.vk;.rp Nfush 30 b.vk;.rp ghz;br;Nrhp 7 b.vk;.rp. 17. ICOR vd;gjd; tphpthf;fk; - Incremental Capital Output Ratio - ,e;jpahitg; nghWj;j tiu ,t;tpfpjk; 3.5 to 4 tiuAssJ. 18. fhNthp fz;fhzpg;Gf; FOtplk; jkpofk; Nfl;l jz;zPhpd; msT b.vk;.rp msT - 36 TMC (Fiwe;jgl;rk; - twl;rpf; fhyj;jpy;) ,f;FOtpd; jiyth; - JUt; tp[a;rpq; cWg;gpdh;fs; 1. jkpo; ehl;bd; jiyikr; nrayh; 2. fh;ehlfhtpd; jiyikr; nrayh; 3. GJr;Nrhpapd; jiyikf; fz;fhzpg;Gg; nghwpahsh; 4. nfus ePh;tsj;Jiw jiyikg; nghwpahsh; 19. xU lhyh; - Rs.54.47 igrh 20. vfpg;jpd; jw;Nghija mjpgh; - KfkJ Nkhh;rp 21. rphpahtpw;fhd I.eh. J}jh; - yf;jh; gpu`kp 22. u\;a ntspAwTj; Jiw mikr;rh; - n\h;[pyht; Nuht; 23. I.ehrigapd; gUtfhyk; gw;wpa fye;Jiuahly; eilngw;w ,lk;. -gj;jhh; ehl;Lj; jiyefh; Nfhth 24. murpayikg;Gr; rl;lj;jpd; ve;j jpUj;jj;ijf; nfhz;L tUtjd; %yk; $l;LwT mikg;gpw;fhd ngUk; Kaw;rpia kj;jpa muR nfhz;L te;Js;sJ.? -97 tJ rl;lj;jpUj;jk; 25. mnkhpf;ff; Nfhh;l; ePjpgjpahf ,e;jpa tk;rhtspiar; Nrh;e;jth; ePjpgjpahf

161 epakpf;fg;gl;lhh; (Nk2013) mnkhpf;fhtpy; cs;s Nfhh;l;by; epakpf;fg;gLtJ ,JNt Kjy; Kiw. 20. mfg;Nga; rpj;jh;: 1. fl;Lg;glhj kdj;ij mfj;ijg; Nga;f;F ctikahf $wpajhy; ,g; ngah; ngw;whh; 2. mfg;ig rpj;jh; vd;gJ k&c 3. ,th; mlf;fk; ngw;w jyk; - mofh; kiy 4. Muiye;Jk; ePaiy ahNjdp Cuiye;jhYk; xd;iwAk; ehlhNj vd;git ,tuJ thpfs;. 5. kw;Wk; gpwtpj;u ntd;why; mfg;Nga; Ngjfk; gz;zhNjvd;gitAk; ,tuJ thpfNs. 21. Fjk;ig rpj;jh; 1. Fjk;ig vd;gJ fhjzp 2. ,th; mlf;fk; ngw;w jyk; - khA+uk; 3. fhjzp mzpe;j ngz;iz Kd;dpiyg;gLj;jp ghbajhy; Fjkig rpj;jh; vd miof;fg;gl;llhh; 4. rhfhky; jhz;bj; jdp top NghNthh;f;F Vfhe;jk; VJf;fb 5. epj;jpiu nfl;l epidNthL ,Ug;ghh;f;F Kj;jpiu VJf;fb 6. khq;fha;g;ghy; cz;L kiyNkypUg;gth;f;F Njq;fha;g;ghy; VJf;fb 22. fLntsp rpj;jh; 1. fLntsp vd;why; Rj;j ntspmjhtJ gpuk;kk;> 2. gpuk;ijf; fLntsp vd;wjhy; fLntsp rpj;jh; vd miof;fg;gl;lhh;. 3. ,tuJ ghly;fspy; ePjpf; fUj;Jf;fs; mjpfk;. 4.ghtk; nra;ahjpU kdNk ehis Nfhtk; nra;Nj vkd; nfhz;lhbg; Nghthd; 5 .ee;jtdj;jpy; Xh; Mz;b mtd; ehyhW khjkha; Fatid Ntz;b nfhz;L te;jhndhU Njhz;b mijf; $j;jhbf; $j;jhbg; Nghl;Lilj;jhz;b 6.J}lzkhf nrhy;yhNj NjLk; nrhj;jf;fspy; xU J}Rk; epy;yhNj vd;git ,tuJ thpfs;. 23. mOfzp rpj;jh;: 1. ,tuJ ghl;fspy; moFk; mzpAk; Nrh;e;jpUg;gjhy; mOfzp 2. ,tuJ xt;nthU ghlypYk; fz;zk;kh vd;w tpspr; nrhy; tUfpwJ. 3.khkd; kfsbNah kr;rpdpNah ehdwpNad; fhkd; fiz vdf;F fdyhf NtFjb khkd; kfshfp kr;rpdpAk; ePahdhy; fhkd; fiznay;yhk; vd; fz;zk;kh? fz; tpspf;f NtfhNjh? 4. igA+hpNy ,Ue;J gh*hpNy gpwe;J nka;A+hpNy Nghtjw;F Ntjhe;jk; tPlwpNad; nka;A+hpy; Nghtjw;F Ntjhe;jk; tPlwpe;jhy; igA+Uk; nka;A+Uk; vd; fz;zk;kh? ghoa; KbahNjh? vd;git ,th; thpfs; 5. fz;zjhrd; ghly;fspy; ,tuJ jhf;fj;ijf; fhzyhk; 24. Nghfh;: 1. ,tuJ ngahpy; kUj;Jt E}y; cs;sJ. 2. Nghfh; epfz;L kUj;jtk; gw;wpf; $WfpwJ. 3. ,th; jpU%yhpd; khztUf;F khzth; 4. jpUke;jpuj;ij mbggilahff; nfhz;L ,th; vOjpa E}y; Nghfh; jpUke;jpuk; 5. rpj;jh;fspy; ngUk;ghNyhh; kUj;jth;fs; 6. ,diwa ehj;jpff; fUj;Jf;fisr; rpj;jh;fs; thf;Ffspy; fhz KbAk;. 25. nfhq;fzp rpj;jh; 1. ,th; urthjk;> Nahfk;. kUj;Jtk; gw;wpa E}y;fis vOjpAs;shh;.

162 2. ,th; vOjpa ,ju E}y;fs; 1. filf; fhz;lk; 2. jphpf; fhz;lk; 3. nfhq;fzh; Qhdk; 4. Fz ghtk; 3. ,th; mlf;fk; ngw;w jyk; - jpUkiy (m) jpUg;gjp 4. ,tuJ rPlh; - ,ilf;fhl;L rpj;jh; 5. Md;khf;fs; Fk;kpabg;gjhf ,th; th;zpj;Js;shh;. 6. jha; topghl;ilg; Nghw;Wgth; 7. ,tuJ ghly;fs;. 1. fz;lJk; Nfl;lJk; nrhy;yhNj fz;zpy; fhzhj cj;jpuk; epy;yhNj ngz; ghl;bf;F cw;wJ nrhy;yhNj ngw;w gps;isf;F ,sg;gk; nfhLf;fhNj 26. rl;il Kdp: 1. Nghf Kdpthpd; khztd; 2. G+i[ tpjpfisg; gw;wp mjpfk; ghbath; 3. ,th; ,aw;wpa E}y;fs; 1. rl;il Kdp Qhdk; 2. rlhl;ruf; Nfhit 3. fy;gk; 100 4. Qhd E}W 5. thj epfz;L 6. rl;il Kdp 1200 7. etuj;jpd itg;G 4. ,tuJ ghly;fs; jaq;fpdhh; fofj;Jf; Nfhb Ngh;fs; rhtjk; gpwg;gJk; fhtb Nghy; Mr;R jaq;fpdhh; Jauj;jhy; Qhdk; Nghr;R RLfhl;by; mOtJ Nghy; Rj;j ghNy 27. f&T+uhh; 1. G+i[ tpjpfisg; gw;wpg; ghbath; 2. jQ;irg; nghpa Nfhapy; ypq;fj;jpw;F m\;lge;jdk; nra;jth; 3. xd;gjhk; jpUKiwapy; jpUtpirg;gh ghbath; 4. ,tuJ G+i[tpjpg; ghly;fs; me;jhjpj; njhilapy; mike;Js;sd. 28. fhis rpj;jh; 1. Qhdj;ij coTj; njhopy; nra;tjhf cUtfpj;jjhy; ,g;ngah; ngw;whh;

rpj;jh;fisg; gw;wpa rpy nghJthd nra;jpfs;: 1. rpj;jh;fspy; nguk;ghNyhh; irth;fs;> vdpDk;> ,th;fs; [hjp> rkaq;fisf; fle;jth;fs;. 2. gf;jh;fspd; nfhs;if gf;jp nrYj;jp Kf;jp miltJ gpwthjpUf;f top 3. rpj;jh;fspd; nfhs;if gUTliy Ez;Zlyhf Mf;FtJ gpwthjpUf;f top 4. flTisf; fhz Kay;gth;fs; - gf;jh;fs; fz;L njspe;jth;fs; - rpj;jh;fs; vd;W Njthuk; $WfpwJ. 5. rpj;jh;fspy; gQ;rkh; vdmiof;fg;gLgth;fs; 1. jpU%yh; 2. rpt thf;fpah;

163 3. gl;bdj;jhh; 4. jpUkhspifj; Njth; 5. f&T+uh; 6. rlq;FfisAk; rlq;FfSld; $ba topghLfisAk; Nghw;whjth;fs; rpj;jh;fs; 7. ahg;gpyf;fzj;ij kPwp Xirf;Fk; nghUSf;Fk;; Kjd;ik nfhLj;Jg; ghbath;fs; rpj;jh;fs;. 8. Ngr;R tof;F nrhw;fisg; ghly;fspy; kpFjpahff; ifahz;lth;fs;. 9. Fk;;kp> rpe;J> fz;zp Nghd;w ehl;lg;Gwg;gh tbtq;fSf;F Kjd;ik nfhLj;jth;fs;. 10. gpw;fhy ehl;lLg;Gw tbtq;fSf;F Nghd;w E}y;fSf;;F Kd;Ndhbfs; rpj;jh; ghly;fs; 11. rpj;jh; ghly;fs; kf;fs; ,yf;fpak; vdg;;;;;; Nghw;wg;gLfpd;wd 12. cyF> caph;> cly;> kdk; Nghd;w ehd;F epiyfspy; jj;Jtq;fisg; Gyg;gLj;jpath;fs;. 13. ,th;fs; fz;l ,aw;ifg; nghUs; kUj;Jtf; fiy rpj;j kUj;Jtk;vdg;gl;lJ 14. ngsj;j rka rpj;jh;fs; rhuzh;fs;vdg;gl;ldh; 15. ,];yhk; rka rpj;jh;fs; k];jhd;fs; vdg;gl;ldh; 16. QhNde;jphpak; 1. nka; 2. tha; 3. fz; 4. %f;F 5. fhJ 17. fh; Nke;jphpak; 1. thf;F (tha;) 2. ghzp (if) 3. ghjk; (fhy;) 4. ghA (kytha;) 5. cg];jk; (fUtha;) 18. jd; khj;jpiu 1. Rit 2. xsp 3. CW 4. Xir 5. ehw;wk; 19. me;j fhzuq;fs; 1. kdk; 2. Gj;jp 3. rpj;jk; 4. (epidT) 5. myq;fhuk; (Kidg;G)

20. Mjhuq;fs; 6 1. %yhjhuk; 2. nfhg;Gs; (Rthjp\;lhdk;) 3. Nky;tapW(kzpg;G+ufk;) 4. neQ;rk; (mdhfjk;) 5. kplW (fOj;J) (tpfj;jk;) 6. GUt eL (Mf;Ndak;) 21. cly;fs; 1. GUTly; 2. Ez;Zly; 3. fhuz cly; 22. fUkq;fs; 1.,Ug;G tpid (rQ;rpj fh;kk;) 2 Efh; tpid (gpuhh;j;j fh;kk;)

164 3. epfo; tpid (Mfhkpa fh;kk;) 23. rf;jpfs; 6 1. itg;ghw;wy; (ghpf;fpuf rf;jp) 2. kiwg;ghw;wy; (jpNuhjhd rf;jp) 3. tpiothw;wy; (,r;rh rf;jp) 4. mwpthw;wy; (Qhd rf;jp) 5. nrayhw;wy; (fphpah rf;jp) 6 mwpthw;wy; (rpw;rf;jp)

ee;jpjh - TNPC Njh;T gapw;rp ika; AAA rhj;J}h; re;jpg; gpioaw;w njhliu vOJf 1 A B C D 2 A ku ngl;bf;F ,Uk;Gr; rhtp mLg;G Gifahy; tpop Gdy; fz;lJ mLg;Gg; Gifahy; tpopg;Gdy; fz;lJ mLg;Gg; Gifahy; tpopg; Gdy; fz;lJ mLg;Gg; Gifahy; tpop Gdy; fz;lJ

Neuk; 3.00 kzp

165 B C D 3 A B C D 4 A B C D 5 A B C D 6. Fs fiuapy; nfhf;F gwe;J nrd;wJ Fsf; fiuapy; nfhf;Fg; gwe;J nrd;wJ Fsf; fiuapy; nfhf;F gwe;J nrd;wJ Fs fiuapyf; nfhf;F gwe;J nrd;wJ ngah;r; nrhy;ypd; tifawpf - tz;b A .njhopw; ngah; B . nghUl; ngah; C .Fzg; ngah; D . ,lg; ngah; 7. jhkiu A. rpidg;; ngah; B . nghUl; ngah; C .Fzg; ngah; D .,lg; ngah; 8 G+ A. Fzg; ngah; B . ,lg;; ngah; C .rpidg;; ngah; D .nghUl; ngah; 9 ePsk; A .Fzg; ngah; B. ,lg;; ngah; C. nghUl; ngah; D. rpidg; ngah; 10 Rthkpfs; A .nghUl; ngah; B .njhopw;; ngah; C .Fzg; ngah; D .rpidg; ngah; 11 tzf;fk; A .gz;Gg;; ngah; nghJ Njh;T ghlk; jpUf;Fws; MFk; nghJj; Njh;T ghlk; jpUf;Fws; MFk; nghJ Njh;Tg; ghlk; jpUf;Fws; MFk; nghJj; Njh;Tg; ghlk; jpUf;Fws; MFk; cah;e;j gz;Gfisg; ngw;wr; rhd;Nwhh; cah;e;j gz;Gfisg; ngw;w rhd;Nwhh; cah;e;j gz;Gfisg; ngw;w rhd;Nwhh; cah;e;jg; gz;Gfisg; ngw;wr; rhd;Nwhh; ku ngl;bf;F ,Uk;Gr; rhtp kug; ngl;bf;F ,Uk;G rhtp ku ngl;bf;F ,Uk;G rhtp

166 B . fhyg; ngah; C.nghUl; ngah; D . njhopw; ngah; 12 vjph;g;gjk; (vjph;r; nrhy;) vd;d? A. kwj;jy; B . gwpj;jy; C .epidj;jy; D .,wj;jy; 13 Gfo; A. efo; B . ,fo; C .fy; D .,,ir 14 ,d;nrhy; A. ,dpikahd nrhy; B . td;nrhy; C .gopr;nrhy; D ,it vJTkpy;iy 15 ey;yhh; A. my;yhh; B . fy;yhh; C .,y;yhh; D. vJTk; ,y;iy 16 khWghL A.xd;Wgl;L B . NtWgl;;L C .tpLgl;L D . vjph;gl;L 17 ,yf;fzf; Fwpg;G tiuf - ,ioazp A. gz;Gj;njhif B . tpidj;njhif C .ctk cUG D . nganur;rk; fhis ele;jhd; A. tik MF ngah; B . ctikj; njhif C .tpidj; njhif D . gz;Gj; njhif 19 fz;kyh; A. ctikj; njhif B . cUtfk; C . ,Unganul;Lg; gz;Gj; njhif D . tpidj; njhif 20 rh ma

18

167 A. nrhy;ypir msngil B . ,ir epiw msngil C . xw;wsngil D . ,it vJTk; ,y;iy 21 grpg;gpzp A. tpaq;Nfhs; tpid Kw;W B . cUtfk; C . Kw;nwr;rk; D . <Wnfl;l vjph;kiwg; nganur;rk; 22 gphpj;njOJf - tPw;wpUf;if A. tPy; + jpUf;if B . tPw;W + jpUf;if C .tPw;W +,Uf;if D tPw; +wpUf;if 23 rPwb A. rpWik + mb B . rpW + mb C . rpW + mb D rPh; + mb 24 mutiz A. mu + tiz B . muR + miz C . m+ utiz D. muT + miz 25 ek;%h; A. ek; + %h; B . ek;k + Ch; C . e+ mk ;+Ch; D ek;; +Ch; 26 ,Ufiu A. ,U + fiu B . ,uz;L + fiu C .,+ Ffiu D ,Uf +iu 27 jlq;if A. jl+ if B . jlk; +if C . jlq;; +if D jL +if 28 epy; vd;w Nth;r; nrhy;iy tpidahyidAk; ngauhf;F A. epw;gtd; B . epd;whd; C . epd;wJ D. epw;f 29 Nth;r; nrhy;iy tpidnar;rkhf;F - fhz;

168 A. fz;byd; B . fz;lhd; C . fz;l D. fz;L 30 tpy; - ,r;nrhy;ypd; njhopw; ngaiuj; Njh;f A. tpw;whd; B . tpy;yhd; C . tpw;W D. tpw;wy; 31 GF vd;w Nth;r;nrhy;iy njhopw; ngauhf;F A. Gf;fhd; B . GFe;J C . GFjy; D. Gf;F 32 nrhyl; vd;w Nth;r; nrhy;ypd; tpidahyidAk; ngah; A. nrhd;dhd; B . nrhy;gtd; C . nrhd;d D. nrhy;ypa 33 XnuOj;J xU nkhopf;Fhpa nghUs; fhz;f - I A. Mir B . ehs; C . moF D. md;G 34 tP A. kyh; B . rpyh; C . gyh; D. G+ 35 J} A. nrk;ik B . gRik C . fUik D. ntz;ik 36 V A. mk;G B . fub C . kapy; D. fly; 37 J A. J}a;ik B . cz; C . fhz; D. nfhL 38 kP

169 A. NkNy B . eLtpy; C . mUfpy; D. njhiytpy; 39 kuGg; gpioia ePf;Ff A. khl;Lf; nfhl;lifapy; fpsp nfhQ;Rk; B . khl;Lj; njhOtj;jpy; fpsp fjWk; C . khl;Lj; njhOtj;jpy; fpsp fj;Jk; D. khl;Lj; njhOtj;jpy; fpsp NgRk; 40 A. gid ,iyahy; $iu Nghl;lhd; B.gid viyahy; $iu ,l;lhd; C.gid Xiyahy; $iu Nta;e;jhh; D.gid kl;ilahy; $iu $bdhh; 41 A. KUq;if kuf; fpisapy; mkh;e;j fhfk; ,iyiaf; nfhj;jp mftpaJ B . KUq;if kuf; fpisapy; mkh;e;j fhfk; fPiuiaf; nfhj;jp mftpaJ C . KUq;if kuf; fpisapy; mkh;e;j fhfk; fPiuiaf; nfhj;jp fiue;jJ D. KUq;if kuf; fpisapy; mkh;e;j fhfk; ,iyiaf; nfhj;jp $tpaJ 42 A. ahidf; fd;W Gypf; Fl;b B.ahidf; Fl;b Gypf; FUis C.ahidf; fd;W Gypg; gus; D.ahisdf; Fl;b Gypf; fd;W 43 A. ftpQh; nra;As; vOjpdhh; B. ftpQh; nra;As; nra;jhh; C. ftpQh; nra;As; ghj;jhh; D. ftpQh; nra;As; ,aw;wpdhh; 44 A. ehp fj;j Me;ij $tpaJ B. ehp Cisapl Me;ij mswpaJ C. ehp cWk Me;ij NgrpaJ D. ehp Fiuf;f Me;ij NgrpaJ

45

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1 2 3

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nghpa Guhzk;

<.khq;Fb kUjdhh;

<

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48. A B C D

fe;jh; fyp ntz;gh vd;Dk; E}iy ,aw;wpath; ef;fPuh; rptg;gpufhr Rthkpfs; mUzfphp ehjh; fhs Nkfg; Gyth;

49. A B C D

mfKk; GwKk; fye;J xU E}y; fypj ;njhif ew;wpiz ghpghly; FWe; njhif

50 A B C D

fshkzp vd;Dk; E}ypd; Mrphpah; khq;Fb kUjdhh; Njhyh nkhopj; Njth; ej;jj;jdhh; guzh;

51

vt;tif thf;fpankdf; fz;lwpf jha; Foe;ijf;Fr; nrhw;fisf; fw;gpj;jhs;

A B C D

gpwtpid thf;fpak; jd;tpid thf;fpak; nrag;ghl;L tpid thf;fpak; fyit thf;fpak; tho;;f;if ,d;g Jd;gk; fye;jJ vd;gJ midtUk; mwpe;jNj jdp thf;fpak; fyit thf;fpak; njhlh; thf;fpak; czh;r;rp thf;fpak;

52 A B C D

53 A B C D

tPuh;fs; Nghh;Ghpa Ntz;Lk; tpdh thf;fpak; fl;lis thf;fpak; nra;jp thf;fpak; czh;r;rp thf;fpak;

54

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171 ngw;whh; A B C D czh;r;rp thf;fpak; fyit thf;fpak; nra;jp thf;fpak; njhlh; thf;fpak;

55

,sq;Nfh mbfs; fij Nfl;lhh;; fUj;jpy; itj;jhh;; fhtpak; gilj;jhh;

A B C D

njhlh; thf;fpak; nra;jp thf;fpak; czh;r;rp thf;fpak; tpdh thf;fpak;

56

mfu thpirg;gb vOJf murd;> fhtyd;><rd;>nfhy;yhd;

A B C D

murd; >fhtyd;> <rd; nfhy;yd; fhtyd; murd;> nfhy;yd;> <rd; nfhy;yd;> murd;> fhtyd;;> <rd; murd;> <rd;> fhtyd;> nfhy;yd

57 A B C D

jlk;>glk;>Flk;>klk; jlk;>glk;>Flk;>klk; glk;>Flk;> klk;> jlk; Flk;> jlk;> glk;> klk; klk;> Flk;> glk;> jlk;