Dynamics Force: Force is defined as a push or a pull. It is a vector quantity with magnitude and direction.

(We speak of the downward force of gravity or the upwardly directed force of buoyancy. A force may act on an object at a distance, without physical contact.) The unit of force is Newton (N). 1N=1kg.m/s2. Example:

FR = 2 F cos FR = 2 x 5000 N x cos300 = 8660 N Equilibrium: An object is in equilibrium when the vector sum of the cocurrent forces acting on the object is zero. When there is no net force on an object at rest, it will remain at rest, or in static equilibrium. When there is no net force on an already in motion, the object maintains a constant velocity and is said to be in dynamic equilibrium. The balancing force that creates equilibrium is called the equilibrant.

Newtons Laws of Motion: Newton's First Law of Motion: I. Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it. Newton's Second Law of Motion: II. The acceleration a of a body is parallel and directly proportional to the net force F acting on the body, is in the direction of the net force, and is inversely proportional to the mass m of the body, F = ma. The relationship between an object's mass m, its acceleration a, and the applied force F is F = ma. Acceleration and force are vectors; in this law the direction of the force vector is the same as the direction of the acceleration vector. Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass. The greater the mass (of the object being accelerated) the greater the amount of force needed (to accelerate the object). Newton's Third Law of Motion: III. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.