CHAPTER 2-PHASES OF A PROJECT

PROJECT DEVELOPMENT 1. Recognition of need & initial concept for the facility known as inception 2. Preparation of feasibility studies(economic & technical) 3. Preparation of plans, specifications & cost estimates 4. Approval of project by regulatory bodies 5. Bidding process

6. Award of project 7. Construction & contract administration 8. Project closeout, testing & commissioning, acceptance of the facility by the owner 9. As built drawings

PHASE 1- PLANNING 1.Planning Stage- Owner defines the needs & anticipated activites (brief/inception) 2.Request for feasibility study 3.Conceptual design- Preliminary drawings showing overall dimensions & structural elements 4.Design Development-choice of finishes,openings,architectural,structural & services drawings produced. 5.Detailed programme- Contract documents: final drawings, specifications, conditions of contract, BOQ, forms of agreement

PHASE 2-BIDDING STAGE 1. Competitive- open to any contractor who has capacity to carry out the works 2. Selective- consultant or owner select a few contractors 3. Negociated- the owner negociates directly with the contractor (private sector)

PHASE 3- CONSTRUCTION PHASE 1. Works executed by the contractor under the supervision of the consultants. 2.Works to be carried out as per drawings, specifications, quality, time schedule & budget. 3. Most cost of a project is expended in this phase. 4. Approval of works, method statements, extension of time, applications for payment, claims, variation orders,issue of completion certificate occur in this phase. PHASE 4- COMMISSIONING STAGE To ensure that the project has been executed as per drawings, specifications, to the required quality and that all equipment/infrastructure function properly.