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February 11, 2014 Mayor Bill de Blasio City Hall New York, NY 10007 Dear: Mayor de Blasio Re:

Ma or !"#iro"$e"tal%!"er&y i$'ro#e$e"t o'tio"s ( )'e" *etter

+s t,e "ew $ayor o- our belo#ed .ity, you will ,a#e $a or o''ortu"ities to i$'ro#e o" so$e i$'orta"t 'ro&ra$s, i" order to .reate e.o"o$i. a"d e"#iro"$e"tal breakt,rou&,s w,i., -ailed to be reali/ed des'ite t,e best e--orts o- t,e 're#ious ad$i"istratio"0 1'e.i-i.ally NYC CleanHeat is a 'ro&ra$, w,i., ,as a.,ie#ed t,e o''osite o- t,at it s,ould a..o$'lis,, e#e" $ore so w,e" take" i" .o" u".tio" wit, t,e NY1!RD+ M22 'ro&ra$0 3t is o"e e4a$'le o-

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doi"& t,e wro"& t,i"& -or all t,e ri&,t reaso"s, w,e" -ar better results are 'ossible0

1'e.i-i.ally, t,e "ear5si&,ted -o.us o" 'arti.ulate e$issio"s -ro$ 64 a"d 67 oil, 'rodu.ed a $assi#e di#ersio" o- buildi"&s to "atural &as0 By "ow it is widely u"derstood t,at t,ese .o"#ersio"s is a" e"#iro"$e"tal "i&,t$are, be.ause "atural &as is ust as dirty as .oal i" ter$s o- o#eral 8H8 e$issio"s0 1o w,ile it may reduce nearby (within city limits) particulates emissions, "atural &as is just as bad or worse than oil from an overall Green House Gas(GHG)emissions standpoint, a"d disastrously reduces building resilience 0 +s i- to 'ro#e t,e 'oi"t, t,is wi"ter 'rodu.ed "ot o"ly a dire.t &as 'ri.e s'ike but also is leadi"& to ,i&,er ele.tri. rates i"dire.tly be.ause o- i".reasi"& &e"eratio" -ro$ "atural &as, a"d t,us 'ri.e .o$'etitio"0

9,ere are alter"ati#es t,at .a" a.,ie#e -ar better e.o"o$i. a"d e"#iro"$e"tal results0 :e 'ro'osed a re"ewable e"er&y alter"ati#e, i" our re'ort a!" #laNYC$%$%, w,i., was o--ered to your 'rede.essor o" ;uly 4t,, 2011, w,i., we dubbed !"er&y 3"de'e"de".e Day -or t,e o..asio"0 *ater, i" 201<, t,e =rba" 8ree" Cou".il u"ders.ored our results i" a &e"eri. se"se, i" its i"de'e"de"t re'ort >&% by '%,? w,i., took a $ore &e"erali/ed a''roa., to t,e sa$e 'roble$0 :,ere 2laNYC a"d NYC Clea" Heat we"t wro"&, i" s'ite o- all &ood i"te"tio"s, was by "arrowly -o.usi"& o" 'art o- t,e 'roble$ a"d i&"ori"& t,e w,ole0 Moreo#er, 'utti"& t,e 'ri$ary e$',asis o"

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!"er&y !--i.ie".y is a -u"da$e"tal e.o"o$i.al as well as a" e"#iro"$e"tal $istake, w,i., ste$s -ro$ -o.usi"& o" t,e &rid i"stead o- o" t,e real5estate 'ro'erties i"#ol#ed0 9,e si$'le -a.t is t,at re&ardless i- you .,oose -ossil -uels or re"ewable e"er&y, you@ll wa"t to be as e"er&y e--i.ie"t as 'ossible0 Howe#er, i- you -o.us o" $aki"& a -ossil -uel5based syste$ $ore e--i.ie"t as a" alter"ati#e to a re"ewable e"er&y strate&y, you are lo.ki"& yoursel- i"to a losi"& 'ro'ositio"0 2rioriti/i"& e"er&y e--i.ie".y boils dow" to $a ori"& i" a $i"or0 9,e -o.us o" 'arti.ulate e$issio"s a"d t,e u$' to t,e >easy? solutio" o- "atural &as, obliterated t,e -ar $ore 'ower-ul o'tio" to $o#e dire.tly to re"ewable e"er&y retro-itsAa #iable o'tio" i" $a"y o- t,e .ity@s old li"e a'art$e"t buildi"&s abo#e say 40 u"its0 3t would $ake buildi"&s $ore e.o"o$i.ally #iable i" t,e lo"& ru", su''ort buildi"& 'reser#atio" a"d .lea" u' t,e air $u., $ore t,a" w,at NYC Clea" Heat ,as do"e0 9,is is w,at our 2laNYC2020 re'ort su&&ested0 9,e i"&redie"ts are si$'le, a"d t,ese ideas, or so$e subset o- t,e$, .ould be reali/ed i" a lar&e 'ro'ortio" o- old5li"e C B D5Class a'art$e"t buildi"&s0 9,e results would 'rodu.e a ,ealt,ier a"d $ore e.o"o$i.ally 'rodu.ti#e e"#iro"$e"t, i".ludi"& better lo"&5 ter$ -i"a".ial out.o$es -or ow"ers as well as te"a"ts:

8eot,er$al e"er&y ,as bee" lar&ely i&"ored, a"d .a" be used i" $a"y buildi"&s, es'e.ially i" t,e outer borou&,s0 3t is 400C e--i.ie"t: 1 oule o- e"er&y i" Dele.tri.ityE, 4 oule o- e"er&y out D,eatE0 By si$'ly re'la.i"& t,e Do$esti. Hot :ater DDH:E 'ro#isio"i"& wit, a &eot,er$al syste$, a buildi"& .a" be.o$e 2052FC e"er&y i"de'e"de"t, a"d redu.e 8H8 e$issio"s

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'er$a"e"tly by 1F520C0 3" so$e .ases, &eot,er$al e"er&y .a" 'lay a" e#e" lar&er role, u' to a"d i".ludi"& ,a"dli"& total buildi"& B9= reGuire$e"ts0

3" a "e4t sta&e, buildi"&s .ould &et .o$'lete solar t,er$al%&eot,er$al HH+C0 1olar t,er$al is IJC e--i.ie"t, #ersus 1olar 2H 17C0 9,is .ould eli$i"ate wi"dow air .o"ditio"ers .o$'letely0 Note t,at ,ydro"i. ,eat is i$'lied i" t,is .,a"&e, a"d is k"ow" i" a"d o- itsel- to be $ore e"er&y e--i.ie"t t,a" stea$ ,eat0 Ne4t, $a"y buildi"&s .ould &e"erate ele.tri.ity -ro$ wi"d turbi"es or solar 2HDw,i., is a#ailable i"te&rated wit, solar t,er$al or se'aratelyE, a"d t,eir &eot,er$al ,ot water syste$ .ould 'ro#ide e"er&y stora&e, e"suri"& ,i&,er retur"s t,a" selli"& ba.k to t,e &rid0 *astly, as buildi"&s &e"erate $ore o- t,eir ow" ele.tri.ity, t,ey .a" eli$i"ate &as -or .ooki"&, a"d swit., to ele.tri., t,us eli$i"ati"& a $a or sour.e o- i"door air 'ollutio"0 +s a result t,ey would ,a#e t,e o'tio" to u'&rade to ti&,ter wi"dows, a"d ,eat re.o#ery #e"tilatio", as well as better t,er$al i"sulatio" all t,e way arou"d0 9,e City s,ould a.ti#ely e".oura&e a" e4e$'tio" -ro$ t,e NYC Clea" Heat reGuire$e"ts -or buildi"&s t,at .o$$it to t,is .ourse o- a.tio", to be a.,ie#ed o#er se#eral years, "ot all at o".e0 3t .ould start wit, a &eot,er$al DH: syste$ as a -irst ste', e4.e't to "ote t,at t,ese s,ould be desi&"ed wit, t,e 're5 e"&i"eeri"& o- a" o#erall buildi"& HH+C syste$ i" $i"d, "ot as $erely ,ot water syste$s, as ,a''e"ed ,ereto-ore0

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Criti.ally, t,ese ideas would 'rodu.e better lo"&5ter$ -i"a".ial out.o$es -or la"dlords a"d te"a"ts, a"d Gua"tu$ lea's i" Clea" +ir .o$'lia".e, as well as ,u&e i$'ro#e$e"ts i" buildi"& resilie".e a"d o#erall e.o"o$i. .o$'etiti#e"ess -or t,e .ity0 By .o$'ariso", t,e e4te"si#e swit., to "atural &as is e"#iro"$e"tally disastrous, a"d is a ,u&e risk be.ause we are $aki"& t,e e"tire .ity $ore de'e"de"t o" t,is si"&le -uel0 Di#ersi-i.atio" is desirable bot, e.o"o$i.ally, a"d -ro$ a 'ubli. sa-ety as well as se.urity sta"d'oi"t0 67 a"d 64 oil s,ould be ',ased out wit, re"ewables, "ot wit, "atural &as0 9o sti$ulate or subsidi/e .o"#ersio"s to "atural &as i" a"y way is a subsidy to t,e -ossil -uel i"dustry a"d does "ot ,el' New York City i" a"y way0 3t does "ot e#e" ,el' buildi"& ow"ers, e4.e't to $ake re&ressi#e de.isio"sAt,at 'rolo"& 8H85 &e"eratio"A-aster0 9,e $ea"s to -i"a".e t,ese ty'es o- e"er&y retro-its e4ist i" 'ri".i'le, i- t,e .ity were to ado't 2+C! 'ro&ra$s0 2+C! 'ro&ra$s ,a#e already bee" ado'ted i" t,e state, a"d are o--ered t,rou&, !"er&i/e New York0 3t would see$ t,e .ity .ould readily o't to li$it 2+C! -i"a".i"& as a" o'tio" to buildi"& a.,ie#i"& F0C or ,i&,er 8H85redu.tio"s0 1u., le#els o- 8H85redu.tio" .ould "ot be a.,ie#ed by $ere !"er&y !--i.ie".y, w,i., s,ould "ot $erit 2+C! -i"a".i"& i" t,e -irst 'la.e0 9,e w,ole 'oi"t o- 2+C! is to a..o$$odate t,e s,i-t o.a'ital i"#est$e"t w,i., &oes wit, $o#i"& e"er&y -ro$ liability to asset by $ea"s o- Re"ewable !"er&y0

For t,e sake o- .o$'lete"ess, a"d to e4'lai" w,y >$a ori"& i" a

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$i"or? as 3 des.ribed it abo#e, ,a''e"s a"d w,y it is so .ou"ter 'rodu.ti#e, 3 ,a#e added a" adde"du$ to t,is letter t,at outli"es w,y t,e 'riority -o.us o" !"er&y !--i.ie".y is de$o"strably re&ressi#e i" t,e lo"&5ru", i" ter$s o- 8H85redu.tio"s, a"d destru.ti#e to real5estate #alues as well0 3 look -orward to a 'rodu.ti#e dialo&ue wit, you a"d your ad$i"istratio" arou"d t,ese issues a"d to e"&a&e wit, you to build resilie".e i"to t,e CityKs e"er&y i"-rastru.ture a"d e",a".e t,e #alue o- its buildi"& sto.k0 9,is letter will be $ade a#ailable i" -ull, u"adulterated, -or$at o" s.ribd, a"d a .o$$e"ted a"d a""otated #ersio" will be $ade a#ailable o" $y blo& at www0#lis.o"y0.o$0

Yours si".erely,

Rogier Fentener van Vlissingen

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ADDENDUM The Fallacy of Energy Efficiency, or Majoring in a Minor. 9,e Case -or Re"ewable !"er&y to +.,ie#e 8H85redu.tio"s -i"a".ed -ro$ e"er&y sa#i"&s, H!R1=1 'rioriti/i"& !"er&y !--i.ie".y0 10 :,e" desi&"i"& eit,er a -ossil -uel5based e"er&y syste$ or a re"ewable e"er&y syste$ -or a buildi"&, o"e would wa"t it to be o'ti$ally e--i.ie"t0 3" ot,er words e"er&y e--i.ie".y D!!E is eGually i$'orta"t i" a re"ewable e"er&y DR!E or a -ossil5-uel5 based syste$ a"d o"e is "ot a" alter"ati#e to t,e or a re'la.e$e"t -or t,e ot,er0 20 9,e real .,oi.e is "ot betwee" !"er&y !--i.ie".y D!!E a"d Re"ewable !"er&y R!, but betwee" Fossil Fuels a"d R!0 Fi"a".ially, t,is is a $ake or buy de.isio"0 9,e "otio" o- a 'ort-olio sta"dard -or !! is "o"se"se0 <0 + -o.us o" !! i" a -ossil -uel5based buildi"&, 'rodu.es di$i"is,i"& retur"s wit, $at,e$ati.al .ertai"ty, a"d is &e"erally based o" erro"eous -i"a".ial de.isio"s, based o" $ar&i"al e"er&y sa#i"&s -ro$ i"di#idual te.,"olo&ies, rat,er t,a" a 'ro'er <0 year .a'ital bud&et -or e"er&y i" a 'ro'erty0 3t@s a bad -i"a".ial ,abit t,at is 'ro$oted by 'ro&ra$s like !"er&y 1tar a"d t,e NY1!RD+ M220 40 Fro$ a" e"&i"eeri"& sta"d'oi"t t,e two o'tio"s are $utually e4.lusi#e, -or o"e would i" $a"y .ases 'i.k di--ere"t !"er&y !--i.ie".y $easures u"der a" R! $odel #ersus a -ossil5-uel5 based $odel0 F0 1e.uriti/atio"s o- !! loa" 'ort-olios ,a#e bee" tou&,, as bot,

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NY1!RD+ a"d t,e Co$$o"wealt, o- 2e""syl#a"ia ,a#e e4'erie".ed0 9,e ulti$ate reaso" is t,at !! 'rodu.es o"ly a s,ort ter$ .as, -low i$'ro#e$e"t, but a lo"& ter$ deterioratio" o- t,e -i"a".es o- t,e buildi"& a"d t,us t,e borrower, be.ause o- di$i"is,i"& retur"s0 =lti$ately t,ere-ore !! loa" 'ort-olios are a ti$e5bo$b, ust like sub5'ri$e $ort&a&es0 70 Based o" t,e abo#e, bot, NYC Clea" Heat a"d *o.al *aw J4 ,a#e t,e wro"& -o.us, a"d are re&ressi#e i" ter$s o- 8H85 e$issio"s a"d deleterious to buildi"& 'reser#atio"0 70 Histori.ally, t,e -o.us o" e"er&y e--i.ie".y dates -ro$ t,e ti$e o- t,e -irst e"er&y .rises i" t,e 70@s w,e" it was see" t,at a dollar s'e"t redu.i"& de$a"d was $ore 'rodu.ti#e t,a" a dollar s'e"t o" i".reasi"& su''ly0 9,e 'roble$ was t,ou&,t to be a si$'le $atter o- e.o"o$i. o'ti$i/atio" o" t,e &rid0 +t t,e ti$e t,e e"#iro"$e"tal di$e"sio" was "ot u"derstood as widely as today, "or was t,ere t,e 'let,ora o- re"ewable te.,"olo&ies t,at .a" be buildi"&5$ou"ted as we ,a#e today0 J0 9,e issue is -ully u"derstood i" "ew .o"stru.tio" w,ere "et5 /ero .o"stru.tio" ,as bee" t,e ,ealt,iest se.tor -or $a"y years0 Now it is ti$e to a''ly t,at wisdo$ to buildi"& retro-its, a"d 'ro'er -i"a".ial a"alysis is t,e key0 ="-ortu"ately $ost &o#er"$e"t >i".e"ti#es,? i".ludi"& 'ro&ra$s like NY1!RD+ ,a#e, i"ad#erte"tly 'er,a's, si$'ly be.ause t,ey stu.k to t,e old 'aradi&$, 'oi"ted buildi"& ow"ers a"d 'oli.y $akers to deleterious -i"a".ial de.isio"s0 I0 Buildi"& ow"ers s,ould $a4i$i/e t,e #alue o- t,eir buildi"&s, a"d &o#er"$e"t s,ould 'ro#ide i".e"ti#es to $i"i$i/e 8H85

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e$issio"s, a"d t,is si$'le ob e.ti#e .a" eli$i"ate rea$s ou""e.essarily .o$'le4 le&islatio" a"d i".e"ti#es, w,i., ,a#e o"ly led to wildly re&ressi#e de.isio"s0 9o lear" $ore about t,e -i"a".ial a"d e.o"o$i. o''ortu"ities a"d .,alle"&es o- i$'le$e"ti"& re"ewable e"er&y retro-its to redu.e 8H85e$issio"s, .o"ta.t us at www0dab4de$a"dsidesolutio"s0.o$, or e$ail us at dab4dssi".L&$ail0.o$0

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