Yilin Zhan Eng 108 Emily Gorn November 11 Human trafficking Introduction In a modern society, human trafficking is one

of the most serious crimes and a grave violation of human rights. This problem is the much-debated one in that it exists around us and violates social morality. How terrible is human trafficking to a person who experience? Do you pay heed to care about those unfortunate human trafficking victims who are trapped in an abyss of suffering? Every year, lots of people fall into the hands of traffickers in their own countries and abroad. This is a concern all over the world and the UNODC, as guardian of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) and the Protocols thereto, assists States in their efforts to implement the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons (UNODC). Since human trafficking is a global issue, it requires building on national efforts throughout the world. It is necessary to pave the way to fight against human trafficking. In my opinion, it would be good solutions that the governments need to increase and become associated with some anti-human trafficking organizations. At the meantime, the education of human trafficking is necessary in order to increase people alerts and awareness. More importantly, we need make victims feel being accepted and not get punished by our society afterward. For example, sex-workers should be protected by their human rights. If they leave their work, will they be able to find a decent job? Often it makes it more difficult to find other work and puts them at risk for removal the country if they are

immigrants. Also, traffickers might assault or threaten them to hurt their family so victims are afraid to leave. Hence, law enforcement should not be the sole focus for a solution and every solution needs to be collaborated with each other to stop human trafficking. Background Human trafficking is akin to modern-day slavery because victims often force to work as prostitutes and workers in black markets with little salary or no pay. It is a thorny issue that human trafficking seriously damages victims health and emotion, causing intense pains in psychical and psychological. According to an article from the FBI official website, Were working hard to stop human traffickingnot only because of the personal and psychological toll it takes on society, but also because it facilitates the illegal movement of immigrants across borders and provides a ready source of income for organized crime groups and even terrorists (FBI). In such many different aspects, it makes the task of stopping human trafficking more difficult due to multiple-criminal organizations. There are the following background reasons why human trafficking happens. First of all, in that labor trafficking is always demanding, products and items we are in need for everyday may have made by human trafficking victims. Most of the developing countries, seeking for a large amount of labor in industry, happen human trafficking like smuggling cheap labor forces. Their working conditions are extremely harmful from their health because they dont have a decent place to work. For example, in Africa, they use child labor and force kids to select diamond in world zone, which is called blood diamond.

Another reason to mention is that the international trafficking of women and young girls turns into sex-slavery in some developed countries like the United States. Most victims who are lack of education and knowledge are usually lured into it with the promise of jobs in the developed countries. Once they found out their job that is prostitute in the developed countries, they had no choice but to work so that they can survive. Under such unfamiliar surroundings and harsh conditions, they have to accept the truth that their lives fall apart. It would be a miserable life. Furthermore, the past decade years, the trade and the removal of organs were a controversial topic in China. Criminals murdered people to get their organs and sell to the black market of trading organs. The reason is that a lot of Chinese people dont agree to donate their relatives useful organs to hospitals if their relatives died because of accidents. If people who are very sick need to change their organs, they will need to wait for a long time. Therefore, people who need to change their damaged organs cause the illegal organs trade market and these organs become very valuable. I remembered there was news that a young Chinese girl met a handsome boy from social network. At the beginning, the girl felt very lucky to met such a handsome man and she went out to dates with him. This handsome man secretly put the sleeping pills into her water. After she woke up, she found that she sat in the bathtub with ice and her kidney. That was a terrible crime. And I was so scared to go out at night by myself for a while. Solutions In order to stop human trafficking, we start the approachs to educate citizens and distribute public awareness material on human trafficking. For example, an estimated three million Filipinos are at high risk of being trafficked at any given time, representing

3.1% of the total Philippine population. The majority of individuals trafficked are exploited sexually or through labor and are trafficked both domestically and internationally. Although the Philippine government is working to prevent human trafficking, it doesnt go well due to the corruption (Guth, 148). In my opinion, even though every country has their own issues and problems that might give chances for traffickers, the government plays a pivotal role on enhancing the awareness and knowledge to prevent their citizens from the lie of traffickers. This is the first stage of the solution. By doing research for human trafficking, let more and more people understand the underground world of human trafficking to join some organizations of anti-trafficking fighting for the war of human trafficking. Whats more, these organizations should have be unity of purpose and execution. In the war against human trafficking in the United States, there are several governmental agencies and they work separate with their own budgets and agendas, which causes them making small impacts. Nevertheless, if they were to combine their efforts, the level of effectiveness would rise. Similarly, if individuals devote their energy and efforts to try to make a small change, it will become a big change. According to The United States state, The unofficial count could be higher, with UNICEF placing the estimated number of Burmese girls trafficked to Thailand brothels at 10000 every year(Gonzales). A Burmese businesswoman is doing what she can to curb the problem. From her interview, she said, Human trafficking happens when there are no decent jobs. We need to create decent jobs for them here in the country. They feel safe here," she said in an interview in her factory earlier this month. Workers in Nwe's factory earn $110 to $120 a month, depending on their skills. The minimum monthly wage for salaried employees set by the

government's Ministry of Finance and Revenue is $110. She said she also provides free lodging to those who live in far-flung rural areas. (Gonzales)

The law enforcement must be trained better to spot trafficking victims and their traffickers. There must be harsher penalties for traffickers. Existing legislation and law enforcement in the United States and other countries are insufficient to deter trafficking and bring traffickers to justice, failing to testify the terrible crime and trafficking involved. Not enough comprehensive law exists in the United States that penalizes the range of offenses involved in the trafficking scheme. Instead, even the most brutal instances of trafficking in the sex industry are often under laws that also apply to lesser offenses, so that traffickers typically escape deserved punishment.

To keep this crime from boosting up more, the government can equip many new things that can improve our security level. For example, set up Closed-circuit television that uses video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors. It transfers the image about what exactly happens on the current time. CCTV is often used for surveillance in areas that may need monitoring such as banks, casinos, airports, military installations, and convenience stores. At the same time, the government also needs to set up the CCTV in many new hotspots with a high possibility that crimes will happen. So, the CCTV must be high quality and the priority should be to get the clear view about what the criminal does, and it could be strong evidence in court to charge them. Fingerprints readers would be more effective with face detection camera units at many areas such as airports, and it can detect the criminal even though they have changed their passport identity.

Also, if job training and employment programs are provided, it has long-term benefit and measurable impact on the victims and their community. As a result, it might change the behavior and confidence of human trafficking victims. If they are trusted and feel accepted, they would be remarkable for their courage in rescuing others and advocating for the rights of women and girls. According to the research, A robust healthcare response, however, requires a healthcare workforce that is aware of the health impact of this issue; educated about how to identify and treat affected individuals in a compassionate, culturally aware, and trauma-informed manner; and trained about how to collaborate efficiently with law enforcement, case management, and advocacy partners. This research describes existing educational offerings about human trafficking designed for a healthcare audience and makes recommendations for further curriculum development. There is a clear need to develop, implement, and evaluate high-quality education and training programs that focus on human trafficking for healthcare providers (Ahn, n.p). The result of the research showed the importance of sustainable job training program for human trafficking victims. Opposing viewpoint On the contrary, human trafficking can occur under different circumstances. Human trafficking would be another option for people who live in an oppressed state to live a pleasant life. These people engage in human trafficking because of some reasons such as political persecution and autocracy. There is recent research suggesting, U.S.based campaigns on North Korean human rights, in calling for intervention, have wielded two images aimed at outing North Korea's hidden truths? The image of the starving child circa the 1990s and the contemporary satellite image of what appear to be labor

camps (hong,n.p) . That is to say, North Korean doesnt seem to live an unpleasant life. For example, North Koreans with a good intention want to get out of their own country to live in freedom. However, it is almost impossible for them to leave their countries owning to the North Korean government. Therefore, human trafficking would give them a chance to escape from their country even though it is very high risk. As matter of the fact, North Koreans would pay for smugglers to cross borders to neighboring countries. However, the neighboring countries also make some concessions. The various states hold the key to protect North Korean refugees. The Southeast Asian states are wrestling with their interests with regard to the irregular migration of North Koreans. Many Southeast Asian countries have ideological and material bilateral interests with both Koreas, but also have concerns in the regional and international arenas with their image as human rights and humanitarian norm-binding states. So far, Thailand has been the most consistent stat-actor. It has clearly constituted its state identity as a humanitarian principled country by not repatriating North Koreans or sending them to South Korea, but by punishing them for illegal immigration according to its domestic jurisdiction. (Song, 168). In conclusion The good news is not only that we can end human trafficking around the world, but also we may end it within a generation if we devote our efforts on preventing human trafficking. But to achieve that goal, everyone needs to work together including the government agencies. First and foremost, reinforce the awareness of human trafficking. Secondly encourage individuals to join in anti-human trafficking organizations and the governments should cooperate fighting against human trafficking together. Thirdly, give

serious and harsh punishments and keep watch on human traffickers. Last, offer employment training program for victims. Already, activists around the world are launching and winning campaigns to hold governments and companies accountable for human trafficking, create better laws, and prevent trafficking in communities.

Word cited Ahn, Roy, et al. "Human Trafficking: Review Of Educational Resources For Health Professionals." American Journal Of Preventive Medicine 44.3 (2013): 283-289. Academic Search Premier. Web. 26 Nov. 2013 FBI. FBI, 17 Mar. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2013.

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime." What Is Human Trafficking? N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Nov. 2013. Guth, Andrew P. Human trafficking In The Philippines: The Need For An Effective Anti-Corruption Program. Trends In Organized Crime 13.2/3(2010): 147-166. Academic search Premier. Web 17 Nov.2013 Goldberg, Eleanor. "Best Industrial Company Ltd., Myanmar Garment Factory, Protects Workers From Human Trafficking." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 29 Aug. 2013. Web. 18 Nov. 2013.

Song, Jiyoung. "'Smuggled Refugees': The Social Construction Of North Korean Migration." International Migration 51.4 (2013): 158-173. Academic Search Premier. Web. 26 Nov. 2013. Hong, Christine. "The Mirror Of North Korean Human Rights." Critical Asian Studies 45.4 (2013): 561-592. Academic Search Premier. Web. 4 Dec. 2013.