SPEED CONTROL OF DC MOTOR USING TRIAC

INTRODUCTION
DC motors are widely used in industry because of its low cost, less complex control structure and wide range of speed and torque With the the increasing use of power semicondutor units, the speed control of DC motor is increasingly getting sophisticated and precise.

TRIAC
A triac is a bidirectional thyristor with three

terminals
Its three terminals are designated as MT1(main terminal 1),MT2 & gate by G Triac can be turned on in each half cycle of the applied voltage by applying a positive or negative voltage to the gate w.r.t terminal MT1 To successfully trigger a triac,gate current must come from the main terminal 2(MT2) side of the

CIRCUIT SYMBOL

BT136

SPEED CONTROL
The three methods of speed control are
Armature voltage controlled
Armature resistance controlled

Flux controlled

ARMATURE VOLTAGE CONTROL

The output delivered by the motor(speed) decreases

with decrease in applied voltage

BLOCK DIAGRAM

TRIAC

DC Motor

DC SUPPLY

COMPONENTS
Dc motor

Triac
Diac Capacitors-

C1,C2,C3,C4-.1F
Resistors-

R1-180

ADVANTAGES
In earlier days speed of the dc motor was controlled

using resistor which resulted in power loss but introduction of triac eliminated the power loss
Armature voltage control method gives good speed

regulation and high efficiency

Gives a large speed range with any desired number of

speed points

DISADVANTGE
Today Introduction of IGBT made the speed control of

dc motor more feasible

Commutation circuit used in the circuit makes speed

control less precise