1

physicscatalyst.com
Kinetic Theory of gases
Gas Laws
Boyles Law: PV=constant
Charles Law : V/T=constant
Ideal Gas Equation
PV=nRT
Dalton Law of Partial Pressure:
P=P
1
+ P
2
+P
3

Pressure exerted by n moles of an ideal gas in terms of the speed of the
molecules
p =
nH(
ms
)
2
S

Root mean Square Velocity

ms
=
_
S
H

Mean Velocity

m
=
_
8
nH

K=R/N
Average Translational energy per molecule =
3
2K1

Average kinetic Energy of Gas=
3
2
n
Vander Waals equation
_
+ o

2
] ( b) = n
Maxwells speed distribution law
() = 4n _
H
2n
]
32

-
M
2
2R1

Where V is molecular speed
M = molar mass of gas
R = gas constant
T = Temperature
A (v) = Probability distribution function
2

physicscatalyst.com
A (v) dv = Fraction of the molecules whose speed lie in the interval of width dv
speed center on v
Note that V
rms
> V
m
> V
Most Probable Velocity
=
_
2
H