Unit-III - Inorganic Chemistry - Solutions (Final)

Inorganic Chemistry
UNIT
Section A : Straight Objective Type

1. Answer (4) All these contain 3C 2 bond. 2. Answer (3)
H Na2B4O7 10H2O + H2O 2B(OH)3 + 2B(OH)4
+
3.
Answer (4) Hydrolith CaH2, oxidane H2O, Azane NH3.
4.
Answer (2) HClO4 does not contain peroxide linkage while others contain. Therefore HClO4 does not give H2O2 on hydrolysis.
5.
Answer (1) Factual.
6.
Answer (1) Tritium (1H3) is a heavy isotope of hydrogen which is obtained by nuclear reaction.
7.
Answer (1) Factual.
8.
Answer (3) No. d-orbital is involved because hybridisation of oxygen in H2O2 is sp3.
9.
Answer (2)
2Na + 2H2O H2 + 2NaOH and Zn + 2NaOH Na2ZnO2 + H2 .
(A) (C) (D) (C)
(B )
(B )
10. Answer (2) Dielectric constant of H2O is 78.39 while that of D2O is 78.06. Hence, solubility of ionic compound is smaller in heavy water. 11. Answer (4) Ortho hydrogen is more stable than para form and the latter always tends to revert to the stable ortho form. The magnetic moment of para hydrogen is zero since the nuclear spins neutralise each other. 12. Answer (2) Alkali metals and alkaline earth metals such as Ca, Sr, Ba generally form such type of hydrides. They liberate hydrogen at the anode and confirm that they are ionic compounds and contain H ion. 13. Answer (3) The hydrogen molecules undergo thermal dissociation into atoms at high temperatures (around 2270 K) and low pressures. H2 2H xJ.
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Success Magnet (Solutions)
Inorganic Chemistry
14. Answer (2) 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 + 5H2O2 K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O + 5O2 2KI + H2SO4 + H2O2 K2SO4 + I2 + 2H2O 2KMnO4 + 3H2O2 2MnO 2 ( s) + 2KOH + 3O2 + 2H2O
brown
(black )
PbS + 4H2O2 PbSO 4 + 4H2O.

( white )
15. Answer (3)

1270 K C( s)+ H2 O( g) CO( g) + H2 ( g) Ni 14 4 244 3 coke steam water gas
3 2 3 CO2(g) + H2(g). CO(g) + H2(g) + H2O(g) 2 770 K
Fe O / Cr O
16. Answer (2)

ether K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 + 4H2O2 K2SO4 + 2CrO 5 + 5H2O.
blue
17. Answer (2) Volume strength of H2O2 = 11.2 M = 11.2 3.57 ~ 40 18. Answer (2) 2Al + 3H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O 2NaAlO2 + 3H2. 19. Answer (4) 4H2O2 + PbS PbSO4 + 4H2O 4 mole 1 mole 0.8 mole 0.2 mole volume strength of H2O2 = 11.2 M
MH2O 2 = 40 11.2
number of mole = M VL volume in litre =

0.8 40 11.2
0.8 11.2 1000 = 224 ml . 40
volume in ml = 20. Answer (1)
Volume strength of H2O2 = 5.6 N

10 500 15 500 20 500 + + = N 3000 5.6 5.6 5.6
NH2O2 (mixture) = 1.339

Volume strength of H2O2 = 1.339 5.6 = 7.5.
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Inorganic Chemistry
21. Answer (2)
2NaOH+ 2Na[Cr(OH)4 ] + 3H2O 2 2Na2CrO4 + 8H2O

(A) (B )
2Na2CrO4 + H2SO 4 Na2Cr2O7 + Na 2SO 4 + H2O

(B ) ( C)
22. Answer (1) CaO + Ca(HCO3)2 2CaCO3 + H2O For one litre water, Meq. of CaO = Meq. of Ca(HCO3)2 or
w 1000 1.62 1000 = 56 162 2 2
wCaO = 0.56 g Thus CaO required for 103 litre H2O = 0.56 103 = 560 g. 23. Answer (4) Ag2O + H2O2 2Ag + H2O + O2.
black
24. Answer (2)
CaH2 + 2H2O
Ca(OH)2 + 2H2 CO2 CaCO3

(milky)
25. Answer (2) Al is an amphoteric metal and it reacts with alkali like NaOH. 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O 2NaAlO2 + 3H2 26. Answer (1) More the polarisation power of cation , more is the stability of the complex formed by it. Be2+ has higher charge density and hence, higher polarisation power. 27. Answer (3) Air contains O2, N2 and CO2. Li and Mg combines with O2 and N2 both. NaOH is the absorbent of CO2. 28. Answer (3) Anhydrous MgCl2 can not be prepared by simply heating MgCl2.6H2O because it gets hydrolysed by its own water of cyrstallization. MgCl2.6H2O MgO + 2HCl + 5H2O 29. Answer (1) Beryllium and magnesium atoms are smaller in size and their electrons are strongly bond to the nucleus. They need large amounts of energy for excitation of electrons to higher energy levels which is not available in the Bunsen flame.
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Inorganic Chemistry
30. Answer (1)
(NH4)2C2O4
NaOH NH3 (B) (A) CaCl2 solution
CaC2O4(C)
NH3 + HCl (B)
(white fumes) .
NH4Cl
31. Answer (3) 106 g of Na2CO3 = 100 g CaCO3 0.0106 g Na2CO3 = 0.01 g CaCO3 103 ml H2O = 103 g of H2O 103 g of H2O contains 0.01 g of CaCO3 106 g of H2O contains
0.01 10 6 g 10 3
= 10 ppm. 32. Answer (1) Fire extinguisher contains NaHCO3 and compound X can be an acid (like CH3COOH) that can decompose NaHCO3 to give CO2. NaHCO3 + H+ Na+ + H2O + CO2 NaHCO3 and acid (X) are kept in a sealed flask (but placed inside separately). In case of emergency (when there is fire), seal is broken and X and NaHCO3 react instantly to give CO2 which can put off fire. 33. Answer (2) Compounds of Li+, Na+, and K+ have solubility in the order Li+ < Na+ < K+. 34. Answer (3) BeCl2 has more covalent character due to polarisation and hence more hydrolysis. 35. Answer (1) LiF has lowest solubility among the group-I metal halides due to high lattice energy. 36. Answer (1) Among silver halides only AgF is soluble in water. On moving down in group II, the solubility of fluorides decreases. 37. Answer (3) Al4C3 reacts with water to give CH4. CaC2 reacts with water to give C2H2. 38. Answer (3)
MgSO4 + NH4OH + Na2HPO4 Mg(NH4) PO4 white ppt. + 2NaCl + H2O .
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Inorganic Chemistry
39. Answer (3) Like alkali metal all alkaline earth metals dissolve in liquid ammonia. The dilute solutions are bright blue in color due to solvated electrons but concentrated solutions are bronze coloured due to the formation of metal clusters. M + (x + 2y) NH3 M2+ (NH3)x + 2e (NH3)y 40. Answer (4) Water, nitrogen and CO2 react with alkali metals. 41. Answer (3) On moving down in group-II, the solubility of sulphates decreases. 42. Answer (2)
Ca(OH)2 + Ca(HCO3)2 (A) Ca(OH)2 + CO2

43. Answer (1) BeSO4 is soluble in water. Be(OH)2 is insoluble in water.
2CaCO3 + 2H2O CaCO3 + H2O (milkiness)
Be is an amphoteric metal so can react with NaOH. 44. Answer (1) More the polarisation power of cation, more is the covalent character in its compounds. 45. Answer (1) 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 3H2O + 5[O] [H2O2 + [O] H2O + O2] 5 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 + 5H2O2 K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O + 5O2 2 mol KMnO4 5 mol H2O2 1 mol KMnO4 46. Answer (1) On moving down in group II, the thermal stability of carbonates, sulphates increases. Be is an amphoteric metal, so its oxide is amphoteric. Mg is typical metal, so its oxide is basic. 47. Answer (4) NaOH is the absorbent of CO2. It absorbs moisture from air. 48. Answer (1) Factual 49. Answer (1) Factual 50. Answer (3) Factual 51. Answer (3) Factual 52. Answer (1) Factual
5 mole H2O2 2
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53. Answer (1) Factual 54. Answer (2) Factual 55. Answer (3) Factual 56. Answer (3) Factual 57. Answer (1) Factual 58. Answer (4) All metal nitrates are water soluble. 58(a). Answer (3) Since nitrates are more soluble in water. nitrates are less abundant in earths crust. 59. Answer (2) Br2 +
KOH
hot . and conc .
IIT-JEE-2008
KBr + KBrO3 + H2O
60. Answer (3)

CuO + NH3 Cu + N2 + H2O
61. Answer (1) AgCl + Na2S2O3 Na3[Ag(s2O3)2] + NaCl 62. Answer (2) 2KMnO4 K2O + 2MnO + 5[O] K2O + 2HCl 2KCl + H2O MnO + 2HCl MnCl2 + H2O] 2 2HCl + [O] H2O + Cl2 5 2KMnO4 + 16HCl 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O 63. Answer (2) H3PO2 is a monobasic acid. 64. Answer (2) Zn reduces dilute HNO3 to N2O. 65. Answer (1) H3BO3 + H2O [B(OH)4] + H3O+ 66. Answer (1) H3BO3 +
3 1 T2 O
[B(OH)3O1T3] +
3 + 1 T3 O
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Inorganic Chemistry
67. Answer (2) Ga exists as a co-ordinated complex with both +1 and +3 oxidation states. 68. Answer (3) CO2 is linear and HgCl2 is also linear. 69. Answer (2) HF is highly corrosive in nature SiO2 + 4HF SiF4 + 2H2O 70. Answer (1) CO, NO and N2O are neutral oxides. 71. Answer (1) CH4 has lower molecular weight and hence, more volatility. 72. Answer (3)
HOSOOSOH O
73. Answer (1) Among HClO, HClO2, HClO3 and HClO4, HClO is the weakest acid, hence its conjugate base ClO is the strongest base. 74. Answer (1)
P P P
75. Answer (3) Solid PCl5 exist as [PCl4]+[PCl6]. 76. Answer (3) Due to small size of Li+, Li cannot form alums. 77. Answer (1) Solder is a major constituent of Sn. 78. Answer (3) Measuring the solid state magnetic moment. 79. Answer (3) Ammonia can be dried by CaO. 80. Answer (2) Because the reaction is endothermic. So on increasing temperature, increase the amount of NO2 gas which is brown coloured. 81. Answer (3) The electronegativity of N is 3.0 and that of carbon is 2.5. On moving from left to right in a period, electronegativity increases.
six P P single bonds.
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Inorganic Chemistry
82. Answer (2) HClO4 and H2SO4 both are strong acids, so the mixture of these will be stronger. 83. Answer (2) S S bond energy is high. 84. Answer (4) XeF2 sp3d linear (3 lone pairs) XeF4 sp3d2 square planar (2 lone pairs) XeF6 sp3d3 distorted octahedral (one lone pair) 85. Answer (3) Factual, hypo is Na2S2O35H2O 86. Answer (4) F2 is most reactive non metal. 87. Answer (2) The 3 : 1 mixture of concentrate HCl and concentrate HNO3 is called aqua regia. 88. Answer (2) ZnO22 89. Answer (3) =
n(n + 2)BM
90. Answer (3) All have hybridisation sp3 and so tetrahedral. 91. Answer (1) The sum of the 3rd and 4th ionization energies of nickel is much higher than the sum of 1st and 2nd ionization energies. Hence, Ni (II) is more common. In case of platinum, the difference between IE3 + IE4 and IE1 + IE2 is much less. Hence, Pt (IV) is more common. 92. Answer (2) Lowest oxide of Cr is CrO which is basic. The highest oxide is CrO3 which is acidic. In between, Cr2O3 is amphoteric. Higher the oxidation state of the metal, more easily it can accept electrons and hence, greater is the acidic character. 93. Answer (2) The electronic configuration of Hg(I), i.e., Hg+ is [Xe] 4f 145d106s1 and thus has one electron in the valence 6s -orbital. If this were so, all Hg(I) compounds should be paramagnetic but actually they are diamagnetic. This behaviour can be explained if we assume that the singly filled 6s -orbitals of the two Hg+ ions overlap to form
+ a Hg-Hg covalent bond. Thus, Hg+ ions exist as dimeric species, i.e., Hg2 2 .
94. Answer (1) SnCl2 is a strong reducing agent and hence, reduces HgCl2 first to Hg2Cl2 (white) and then to Hg (black).
SnCl2 + 2HgCl2 SnCl4 + Hg2Cl2 SnCl2 + Hg2Cl2 SnCl4 + 2Hg

95. Answer (3) Both Cu+2 and V+4 have one unpaired e so possess same colour.
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Inorganic Chemistry
96. Answer (2) Ti3+ has one electron in the d-orbital (3d 1) which can absorb energy corresponding to yellow wavelength and jump from t2g to eg set of d-orbitals. 97. Answer (3) Mn in MnO 4 is in +7 state with d configuration. The deep purple colour of KMnO4 is not due to d-d transition but due to charge transfer (from O to Mn) reducing the oxidation state of Mn from +7 to +6 momentarily. 98. Answer (3) Using the formula, = n(n + 2) B.M.
n=3
99. Answer (2)

2 2 3+ When SO2 gas is passed into acidified Cr2O7 , SO2 is oxidised to SO2 4 , while Cr2O7 is reduced to Cr .
100. Answer (4)

4 Au + 8NaCN + O 2 + 2H2 O 4Na[ Au(CN)2 ] + 4NaOH
101. Answer (3)

170 C CrO 3 + F2 CrF6 25 atm
Lemon yellow solid
102. Answer (4)

+ 3 Mn O2 Mn O2 + 2 Mn O4 + 2H2O 4 + 2H +6 +4 +7
It is a disproportionation reaction. In disproportionation reaction, equivalent weight of the species undergoing disproportionation = Eq. wt. (in oxidation) + Eq. wt. (in reduction)
M 2 M 2 Mn O 4 , Eq. wt. (oxidn.) = Mn O 4 +6 +7 1 M M 3 Eq. wt. of MnO + = M. 4 = 2 1 2
Mn O 2 Mn O 2 , Eq. wt. (redn.) = 4 +6 +4
103. Answer (2)

Mn 2 + In acidic medium, Mn O 4 +7
1M=5N H2O2 100 mL of 5 N KMnO4

Mn O 2 In basic medium, Mn O 4 +7 +4
1M=3N H2O2 V mL of 3 N KMnO4 3V 500 V=

500 mL 3
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Inorganic Chemistry
104. Answer (3) In K FeIII [FeII (CN)6 ], e transition is possible between FeII and FeIII But in K2FeII [Fe(CN)6] no such transition is possible. 105. Answer (2) MnO2 106. Answer (3)
pH> 7 pH<7 2 2 Cr2O 2 7 CrO 4 Cr2O 7 basic medium acidic medium
107. Answer (1)

HgCl 2 + 2NH3 (aq) Hg (NH2 ) Cl+ NH4 Cl
( X) white ppt .
Hg2 Cl2 + 2NH3 (aq) Hg + Hg (NH2 ) Cl+ 4NH4 Cl

(Y) (Black )
108. Answer (1) KMnO4 in presence of dilute H2SO4 acts as oxidising agent. KMnO4 in presence of dilute HCl also acts as oxidising agent but oxygen produced is used up partly for oxidation of HCl. 109. Answer (2)
2Cu 2 + + 2CN 2Cu + + (CN)2
Cyanogen
Cu + + CN CuCN
CuCN + 3KCN
K 3 [Cu(CN) 4 ] Pot. tetracyano cuprate (I) ( So lub le complex ).
110. Answer (1) K3[Cu(CN)4] is more stable and hence does not ionize to give Cu2+ ions. In contrast, K2[Cd(CN)4] is less stable and hence, ionises to give Cd2+ ions. Thus, when H2S is passed through the solution of these two complexes, Cu2+ in form of the complex, K3[Fe(CN)4], remains in solution but Cd2+ gets precipitated as yellow ppt. of CdS. 111. Answer (1) Absence of unpaired e. 112. Answer (4) AgCl + NH4OH [Ag(NH3)2]+ soluble complex. 113. Answer (3) Ni (CO)4 sp3 unpaired electrons = 0 [Ni(CN)4]2 dsp2 unpaired electrons = 0 [NiCl4]2 sp3 unpaired electrons = 2. 113(a). Answer (2) [Ni(CO)4] --------- sp3 hybridization [Ni(CN)4]2 --------- dsp2 hybridization
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Inorganic Chemistry
114. Answer (1) In organo metallic compound there is direct bond between carbon and metal. 115. Answer (1)
Ag2 S + NaCN Na[ Ag(CN)2 ] + Na 2S
116. Answer (3) Py is a neutral ligand and Cl an anionic ligand carries one unit negative charge. 117. Answer (2) [Ni(CN)4]2 is a square planar complex and trans [Pt(NH3)2Cl2] both have zero dipole moment. 118. Answer (4) Coordination number is number of mono dentate ligands present in coordination sphere. 119. Answer (4) Factual 120. Answer (3) Factual 121. Answer (3) Factual 122. Answer (3) Factual 123. Answer (3) Do yourself 124. Answer (3) Based on facts 125. Answer (1) Based on facts 126. Answer (4) Fe+3 + SCN Fe(CNS)3
red colour
Co+2 + SCN [Co(SCN)4 ] 2

blue colour
127. Answer (3) Hg2Cl2 + NH4OH Hg + HgNH2Cl. 128. Answer (1) Phosphate ion gives yellow ppt., it is interfering for basic radical. 129. Answer (3) Red ppt of [Ni(DMG)2] complex. 130. Answer (2) Zn+2 and Cu+2 form soluble complex.
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Inorganic Chemistry
131. Answer (2) SnS + (NH4)2Sn SnS 2 .

so lub le
132. Answer (1) Both Bi+3 and Sn+4 give ppt with H2S in acidic medium. 133. Answer (3) Microcosmic salt gives bead test. 134. Answer (3) Cu+2 give ppt in acidic medium where as Cr+3 in alkaline medium. 135. Answer (4) AgNO3 + Na2S2O3 Ag 2S 2 O 3 Ag 2S
white black
136. Answer (2) NH3 + HCl NH4Cl equilibrium shifts towards left. 137. Answer (1)
CO2 Na 2CrO 4 Na 2 Cr2 O 7 ( yellow ) acidic medium ( orange )
138. Answer (3) By decreasing (H+) ion concentration pH increases. 139. Answer (4) HgCl2 140. Answer (2) Green colour of methyl borate. 141. Answer (3) CuSO4 + 2KI Cu 2I2 + K2SO4
white
KI KI + HgCl2 KCl + HgI2 K 2HgI4 orange
KI + Pb(NO3)2 142. Answer (3)
PbI2 + yellow ppt .
2KNO 3
Na2CO3 NaHCO3
Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2 2NaHCO3 143. Answer (3) Ba+2 + CrO42 BaCrO 4
yellow ppt.
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Inorganic Chemistry
144. Answer (1) Cr(OH)3 + NaOH + Na2O2 CrO 4 2

yellow ppt .
145. Answer (4) Nesslers reagent K2(HgI4)2 146. Answer (2) Corrosive sublimate, HgCl2 and SnCl2 doesnot give test. 147. Answer (3) BaCO3 + H2SO4 BaSO4 148. Answer (3) 2K+ + (HgI4)2
AgNO3
H2SO4 conc. Cu HCl
NO2 Cu(NO3)2 + Ag AgCl

white ppt.
Section - B : Multiple Choice Questions

1. Answer (1, 2, 3) As the temperature is raised, the proportion of ortho hydrogen increases upto a limiting mixture containing 75% ortho hydrogen. The nuclear spins of the two atoms in the hydrogen molecule are either in the same direction (ortho form) or in opposite direction (para form) and give rise to spin isomerism. 2. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4) It has been found that occlusion of H2 is greatest when Pd is in finely divided form. Colloidal Pd which adsorbs 2050 times its own volume of H2 is still stronger reducing agent. 3. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)
acidic 2Mn2+ + 8H O + 5O 2MnO4 + H+ + 5H2O2 medium 2 2
2Mn+4O2 + 2OH + 3O2 + 2H2O 2MnO4 + 3H2O2 medium

2I + 2H2O + O2 I2 + H2O2 + 2OH
basic
I + 2H O. 2I + H2O2 + 2H+ 2 2
4.
Answer (2, 4) All are s-block hydride but BeH2 & MgH2 has tendency to form polymeric hydride only because both are covalent in nature.
5.
Answer (1, 2, 4) All three are the properties of water.
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Inorganic Chemistry
6.
Answer (1, 3, 4) Acidic nature (ka for H2O2 = 1.55 1012 & kw for H2O = 1014 at 25C
E.g., NaOH + H2O2 NaHO2 + H2O Sodium hydro peroxide (Acidic salt)
H2O2 acts as both oxidising and reducing agent. E.g., It oxidises iodises to iodine and reduces halogen to halogen acids. 7. Answer (2, 3, 4) Reduction potential (E Cell ) of copper is greater than hydrogen.
o EH = 0, Eo = 0.34 V + /H Cu2 + / Cu
2
8.
Answer (1, 4) For diatomic gases (H2 & CO) has =

CP = 1.40 CV
CP CV
9.
Answer (1, 2, 4) The metals of group 7, 8, 9 do not form hydrides. The region of the periodic table from groups 7 - 9 which do not form hydrides is referred to as the hydride gap. In group 6, Cr alone forms the hydride. Mn is in group 7, so it does not form interstitial hydride.
10. Answer (1, 2, 3) The metals of group 7, 8 and 9 donot form interstitial hydrides. 11. Answer (3, 4) Among alkali metals only K, Rb and Cs form superoxides while Na and Ba can form peroxide. 12. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4) Ca, Sr, Ba are highly electropositive metals. 13. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4) Be predominantly forms covalent compounds. Beryllium halides are covalent polymers. 14. Answer (1, 2, 3) All alkali metals do not have ccp structures. 15. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4) Gypsum is CaSO4.2H2O In the electrolysis of fused CaH2, H2 is liberated at anode. Among alkaline earth metals, Be and Mg do not give flame test. 16. Answer (1, 3) Explanation Hydration energy depends upon size of the ion, smaller the size greater the charge density, more will hydration energy and on moving down the group hydration energy decreases due to increase in size. 17. Answer (1, 2) Factual 18. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4) Gypsum on heating first changes from monoclinic to orthorhombic form without loss of water at 120C, it loses 3 th of its water of crystalization and form plaster of Paris. 4 1 120 C CaSO 4 .2H 2O CaSO 4 . H2 O 2 Gypsum
Plaster of Paris
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Inorganic Chemistry
While on heating at 200C it changes to dead plaster of burnt plaster. On strongly heating it decomposes to calcium oxide. 19. Answer (1, 2, 3) Due to smaller size it forms many complexes such as (BeF3), (BeF4)2, [Be(H2O)4]2+ etc. Organometallic compounds RMgCl + BeCl2 R2Be + 2MgCl2 For Be2C 2BeO + 2C Be2C + CO2 20. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4) Chile saltpetre NaNO3 Trona Na2CO3.2NaHCO3.3H2O Indian saltpetre KNO3 Sylvine KCl All above are the ores of alkali metals. 21. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4) Be shows diagonal relationship with Al. Both Be and Al are amphoteric metals. 22. Answer (1, 2, 3) Factual 23. Answer (1, 2, 4) Betts process is not used for the purification of bauxite. 24. Answer (1, 2, 3) Anglesite is not a phosphatic ore. 25. Answer (2, 4) Mg and Al are more electropositive than hydrogen. 26. Answer (1, 2) Ti or Zr are heated in evacuated vessel with I2.TiI4 or Zr I4 is formed and voltalizes. On heating it decompose to metal and I2. 27. Answer (1, 2, 4) Leaching of Al2O3 is carried by NaOH while leaching of Au & Ag is carried by NaCN. 28. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4) Elligham diagram is the graph plotted between G0 and T for a particular metal oxide. The metal shown by line can reduce all other metal which lies above it. At point of intersection of G = 0 so process will be in equilibrium. Just by heating, we can make G0 = + ve for reaction like 2M(s) + O2(g) 2MO2(s). 29. Answer (1, 2, 3) Down the group solubility of carbonate of alkaline earth metal decrease and down the group thermal stability increases. Carbonate of alkaline earth metal are generally hydrated. 30. Answer (1, 2, 3) These unreactive metal oxide like Hg, Pb, Cu are reduced by air/anion of ore. Here no external reducing agent is added.
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31. Answer (1, 3, 4) Based on facts 32. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4) SO2 acts as a bleaching agent in the presence of moisture. 33. Answer (2, 4)
O HOSOOH O
34. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)
O F 2 , O 2 F2 , O 2 PtF6
35. Answer (3, 4) KI3 K+ + I3 36. Answer (1, 2) He and Ne do not form clathrates. 37. Answer (3) Due to its small size 38. Answer (2, 4) According to N.Bartett (pt F6) is a powerful oxidising agent. The ionisation energy of Xenon and Kr is almost identical with of dioxygen. 39. Answer (1, 2) Al2O3 exist in two most stable form (i) -Al2O3 called rhombic lattice or corundum (ii) -Al2O3 called cubic lattice 40. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)
+2 1
+1 1
+1
H B N H N B B H N H (Benzene) H
H (Borazole)
Since nitrogen is more electronegative than boron, therefore ve charge is retained by nitrogen. Isoteric means same number of atoms and electrons. 41. Answer (1, 2) Alumina(Al2O3) reacts with both acid and base. 42. Answer (3, 4) Cr3+ and V3+ have unpaired electron.
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43. Answer (1, 2) The metals of 4d -series and 5d -series have nearly the same size. 44. Answer (1, 2) In [La (EDTA)(H2O)4] 3H2O, co-ordination number of La is 10 while in La2(SO4)3, 9H2O, the co-ordination number of La is 12. 45. Answer (1, 2, 3) Lanthanides [From Ce (58) to Lu (71)] Actinides [From Th (90) to Lr (103)]. 46. Answer (1, 2, 4) It is unusual compound and made up of two ReX4 units link together with ReRe quadruple bond and i.e., why Re Re bond length is abnormally short. If ReRe bond points along z-axis, then square planar ReX4 unit will use s, px, py and d x 2 y 2 orbitals for the formation of four ReX -bonds. ReRe bond is comprised of one , 2 and one -bond. 47. Answer (1, 2)
2 In all the four MnO4 , Re O 4 , TcO4 , CrO4 all the four metal ions have d configuration and here colour is not
2 due to d-d transition but due to charge transfer. Charge transfer in MnO 4 and CrO4 lies in visible region while
2 in Re O 4 and TcO4 , it lies in UV region. Hence, MnO 4 and CrO4 are coloured and Re O 4 and TcO4 are
colourless. 48. Answer (1, 2, 3) Na2Cr2O7 is hygroscopic and cannot be used as primary standard in volumetric estimations. 49. Answer (1, 2, 4) After removal of one electron from K, the resulting structure becomes like that of noble gas Ar. Hence, the 2nd IE of K is much higher. 50. Answer (1, 2) Reduction potential depend on ionisation energy, enthalpy of sublimation and hydration energy. Enthalpy of sublimation depend on the packing. 51. Answer (1, 2, 3) Acidic or basic character of transition metal depend on the oxidation state of metal. In higher oxidation state these are acidic, and in lower oxidation state, these are basic.
Se Ti v1 Cr Mn
Radius
Fe Cu
21
30
Fe O is non-stoichiometric compound because of variable oxidation state.
52. Answer (1, 3, 4)

(NH4 )2 Cr2 O 7 Cr2O 3 + N2 + 4H2 O
(green coloured solid)
Once the reaction started, enough heat produced to continue on its own.
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Inorganic Chemistry
53. Answer (1, 2) This is a complex in which partial spin pairing takes place with rise in temperature & hence magnetic moment is temperature dependent. 54. Answer (1, 2, 4)
[Fe (H O) NO ] SO
I 2 5 +
complex No is 3 e donor in this complex.
55. Answer (1, 3) In [Fe(CN)6]4, all the six electrons of d-orbital get paired up while in [Fe(CN)6]3, there is one unpaired electron CN is a stronger ligand than H2O. 56. Answer (1, 2, 3) K2[HgI4]
(aq)
2K+ + [HgI4]2
57. Answer (1, 2, 4) Correct name of [Mn(CN)5]2 is penta cyano manganate (III) ion. 58. Answer (1, 3, 4) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2] is square planer complex. 59. Answer (3, 4) [Cu(H2O)6]+2 is paramagnetic and hybridization is sp3d2. 60. Answer (2, 3) In octahedral crystal field, the de on a metal occupy t2g set of orbitals before they occupy the eg set of orbitals t2g orbitals are dxy, dyz, dxy. 61. Answer (3, 4) Mn+2 = [Ar] 3d54s0
3d
Mn+2 in [Mn(H2O)6]+2
4s xx
4p xx xx xx xx xx
4d
62. Answer (2, 4) CN is strong field ligand. 63. Answer (3, 4) 64. Answer (1, 2, 3) Only [Cu(NH3)4]SO4 has 35 (EAN) EAN = [Atomic number Oxd. state] + 2 C.N. 65. Answer (1, 2) CN is a strong field ligand so pairing occur and inner orbital complex is formed having d2sp3 hybridisation. 66. Answer (1, 2, 3) All the statements are correct except (4). 67. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4) Orbital splitting depends upon all the four factors.
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68. Answer (1, 3) Fe+3 present in coordination sphere. 69. Answer (1, 2, 3) Experimentaly found (fact) 70. Answer (1, 2) Metal ion which have three or less than three e always form inner orbital complex. 71. Answer (1, 2, 3) Ligands which are capable of accepting e from d-orbital of metal ion/atom to its vacant or orbital. 72. Answer (1, 3, 4) Pt have a tendency to form square planar complexes even with weak ligand, Ni+2 form square planar complex with strong ligand. 73. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4) As size of metal decrease, stability increase, stronger will be ligand stronger will be complex. 74. Answer (1, 3, 4) Al+3, Sn+2, Pb+2 form soluble complex with NaOH. 75. Answer (2, 3, 4) Zn+2, Co2+, Ni+2, Mn+2 give ppt with H2S in ammonical medium. 76. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4) 77. Answer (2, 3) Both Fe4 [Fe(CN)6]3 & Cu2 [Fe(CN)6] are coloured. 78. Answer (1, 2, 4) Factual 79. Answer (1, 2, 3)
2 FeSO 4 Fe 2O 3 + SO 2 + SO 3
80. Answer (2, 3) Factual
Section - C : Linked Comprehension

C1. 1. Answer (4) Z = 43, [Kr]4d 55s2 The element with atomic number 43 will be in group 7 and elements of groups 7, 8 and 9 do not form hydrides. 2. Answer (4) BeH2 is a covalent hydride, therefore, it doesnot conduct electricity at all. CaH2 conducts electricity in the fused state while ZrH2 is an interstitial hydride and conducts electricity at room temperature. 3. Answer (3) If red hot Pd is cooled in H2, it adsorbs or occludes about 935 times its own volume of H2 gas.
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C2. 1. Answer (3) At room temperature, ordinary hydrogen contains 75% of ortho hydrogen and 25% of para hydrogen. As the temperature is lowered, the percentage of ortho hydrogen in the mixture decreases while that of para hydrogen increases and at about 20 K, it is pure para hydrogen. In contrast, when a sample of ordinary dihydrogen is heated say to 400 K or above, the ratio of ortho and para hydrogen remains to be the same (3 : 1). Thus, it is possible to obtain pure para hydrogen but it is not possible to obtain pure ortho hydrogen. 2. Answer (3) Ortho and para hydrogen are nuclear spin isomers. 3. Answer (1) The melting point of O H2 is 0.15 K lower than that of hydrogen containing 75% O H2. C3. 1. Answer (2) In SrO2, the oxidation state of oxygen is 1 so it is a peroxide and gives H2O2 on treatment with a dilute acid. SrO2 + H 2 SO 4 SrSO4 + H2O2
dil.
2. Answer (2) A stronger acid displaces a weaker acid from its salts
BaO 2 + H2 O + CO 2 stronger acid BaCO 3 + H2 O 2
wea ker acid
Pure H2O2 turns blue litmus red but its dilute solution is neutral to litmus. It thus, behaves as a weak acid. Its dissociation constant is 1.55 1012 at 293 K which is only slightly higher than that of water (1.0 1014). Thus, hydrogen peroxide is only a slightly stronger acid than water. 3. Answer (2) TiO2 and PbO2 are not peroxides. Anhydrous BaO2 is not used for the preparation of H2O2 due to formation of a protective layer on it
Na 2 O 2 + H2 SO 4 Na 2SO 4 + H2O 2 .
dil. cold
C4. 1. Answer (1) Due to high polarisation power, Li forms hydrated salt, e.g., LiCl2H2O. 2. Answer (1) LiCl is covalent while others are ionic compounds. 3. Answer (1) Li has lowest reduction potential. C5. 1. Answer (2) Factual 2. Answer (1) Be shows the co-ordination 4. It does not have vacant d-orbital in its outermost orbit. 3. Answer (2) Anhydron is Mg(ClO4)2.
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C6. 1. Answer (1) Hhydration of LiCl = 499 382 = 881 kJ mol1 Hsolution = Hhyd. HU Hsolution(LiCl) = 881 (840) = 41 kJ mol1. 2. Answer (1) The ionic compounds having higher hydration energy than lattice energy are soluble in water. 3. Answer (2) More the charge density of ion, more is the hydration energy. C7. 1. Answer (2) Boron nitride, (BN)x, is called inorganic graphite. 2. Answer (3)
100 C 160 C H3BO 3 HBO 2 H2B 4 O 7
3. Answer (4) K2CO3 + BN KCNO + KBO2. C8. 1. Answer (2) Hydrolysis of SiCl4 follows SN2 mechanism. 2. Answer (3) Hybridisation is sp3d. 3. Answer (2) SN2 mechanism, so inverted configuration. C9. 1. Answer (3) Birkland-Eyde process for the manufacture of HNO3 is now obsolete. 2. Answer (1) In Ostwald process, NH3 is catalytically oxidised to NO. 3. Answer (4) In the laboratory, Nitric acid can be prepared by heating a KNO3 or NaNO3 with conc. H2SO4. C10. 1. Answer (3) [X] is S and [Y] is Na2S3 2. Answer (4)
2Na2S 2O3 + I2 Na 2S 4O 6 + 2NaI

(A) (B )
3. Answer (2) Na2S2O3 + AgBr Na3[Ag(S2O3)2] + NaBr

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C11. 1. Answer (3)

278K Xe + PtF6 Xe+PtF6
2. Answer (3)
873K Xe(g) + 2F2 (g) XeF4 (s) (1:5 ratio) 7 bar
3. Answer (4) CrO42 is tetrahedral while XeF4 is square planar. C12. 1. Answer (4) In nitrogen family on moving down the group both thermal and electrical conductivity increases due to increase in delocalisation of electron from nitrogen to bismuth. 2. Answer (4) Greater electronegativity and higher oxidation state in responsible for greater acidic character. 3. Answer (4) Due to presence of empty d-orbital in Sb. It can expand covalency upto 6. C13. 1. Answer (1) K2Cr2O7 is a powerful oxidising agent. In the presence of dil.H2SO4, one molecule of K2Cr2O7 gives 3 atoms of available oxygen. 2. Answer (2)
pH > 7 2 Cr2 O 7 CrO 2 4 yellow
3. Answer (2)
2 Cr2 O 7 + 6Fe 2+ + 14H+ 2Cr 3 + + 6Fe 3 + + 7H2 O
C14. 1. Answer (2) Cu(I) has d0 configuration. 2. Answer (2)

CuSO 4 + 2KI CuI2 + K 2 SO 4 2CuI2 2CuI + I2
3. Answer (2) Au3+ does not undergo disproportionation. C15. 1. Answer (3)
2KMnO 4 + 2H2SO 4 Mn 2 O 7 + 2KHSO 4 + H2 O
conc .
2. Answer (2) The minimum reduction potentials required to oxidise water to dioxygen is E0 > 0.185 volt. here both (1) and (3) have negative reduction potential. 3. Answer (2) Mohrs salt is FeSO4(NH4)2SO46H2O and is used as a reducing agent.
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C16. 1. Answer (3) [Co(NH3)5NO2]Cl2 2. Answer (1) [Co(en)2Cl2]+ cis-trans.

en bidentate ligand optical isomerism ox bidentate ligand
3. Answer (4) (i) (Cu(NH3)4][PtCl4] (ii) [Cu(NH3)3Cl][Pt(NH3)Cl3] (iii) [Cu(NH3)2Cl2][Pt(NH3)2Cl2] (iv) [Cu(NH3)Cl3][Pt(NH3)3Cl] C17. 1. Answer (4) [Cu(NH3)4]+2 is a square planar complex. 2. Answer (2) One unpaired e in [Cu(NH3)4]+2 but no unpair e in [Fe(CN)4]2. 3. Answer (4) [Cu(en)2]+2 is more stable due to chelation. C18. 1. Answer (2) A CrCl3 B Na2CrO4 C Na2Cr2O7 D (NH4)2Cr2O7 G N2 I Li3N J NH3 H Cr2O3 2. Answer (3) CrO2Cl2 is chromyl chloride 3. Answer (2)
NH4NO 2 N2 + 2H2 O
C19. 1. Answer (2)
ZnS+ H2SO 4 ZnSO 4 + H2S

(A) dil. (C) (B )
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K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 + H2S K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + H2O + S

(B )
(D )
S + O2 SO 2
(E )
(D )
SO2 + H2S H2O + S 2. Answer (1)
ZnSO4 + NaOH Na2ZnO2 + H2SO4 3. Answer (4) Based on facts C20. 1. Answer (3)
KOH (NH4 )2 C 2O 4 NH3 (A) (B )
NH3 + HCl NH4 Cl

(B ) ( white fumes ) CaCl2 (NH4 )2 C 2O 4 CaC 2O 4 + 2NH4 Cl (A ) ( C) white ppt .
4 CaC2O 4 Mn2+
KMnO
(C)
( colourless)
2. Answer (2)
NH3 + Cl2 NCl3 + NH4 Cl

(B ) ( excess)
3. Answer (2) Based on facts C21. 1. Answer (1) (A) is Pb3O4 (red lead) 2. Answer (3) HMnO4 is pink. 3. Answer (3) BaCrO4 is obtained as yellow ppt.
Section - D : Assertion - Reason Type

1. Answer (2) Because of small size of Li+ more covalent character is present is LiBH4 and it is very reactive towards water. 2. Answer (1) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A. 3. Answer (3) The dielectric constant of pure H2O2 is 93.7, (which also increases on dilution, 97 for 90% pure; 120 for 65% pure). The dielectric constant of water is 82. Answer (3) Glycerol, acetanilide and phosphoric acid act as negative catalyst for the decomposition of H2O2 and thus, decomposition of H2O2 is checked off.
4.
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5.
Answer (4) Chemical reaction of D2O are slower than H2O. Heavier isotope (deuterium) is less reactive and bond energy of O H bond is lesser than O D bond.
6.
Answer (1) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.
7.
Answer (3) The reaction between hydrazine and H2O2 is highly exothermic and takes place with a large increase in volumes so that it can propel a rocket
Cu(II ) NH2NH2 + 2H2O2 N2 + 4H2O
8.
Answer (4) The hydrides of N, O and F such as NH3, H2O and HF have unusually higher boiling point due to association of its molecules by means of intermolecular H-bonding.
9.
Answer (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of A.
10. Answer (3) The standard enthalpies of formation of alkali metal chlorides become more and more negative as we move down the group, i.e., fH of KCl is more negative than that of NaCl. Therefore, the above reaction proceeds better with KF than with NaF. 11. Answer (4) When aqueous alkalimetal salt solutions are electrolysed, H2 gas is liberated at cathode. 12. Answer (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct and is the correct explanation. 13. Answer (4) C2H5OH + Na C2H5ONa+ + 14. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement (2) is the correct explanation of statement (1). 15. Answer (4) Phenolphthalein is not a good indicator for weak alkali titrations as 50% neutralisation of K2CO3 gives KHCO3 during titration which is a weak base K2CO3 + HCl KHCO3 + KCl 16. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation of statement-1. 17. Answer (2) The polarisation power of the cations of alkaline earth metals is more. 18. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation. 19. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation.
1 H 2 2
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20. Answer (2) Both statements are correct. 21. Answer (3) 22. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation. 23. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation. 24. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation. 25. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation. 26. Answer (2) Sulphur exists as S2 in vapoure phase and hence, paramagnetic like O2. 27. Answer (2) In the reaction of H2S with SO2, SO2 behaves as an oxidising agent. 28. Answer (4) H3PO4 is less acidic than H3PO3 and H3PO2. 29. Answer (2) Both statements are correct. 30. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation. 31. Answer (3) Electronegativity of elements decreases on moving down the group. 32. Answer (2) Both statements are correct. 33. Answer (3) Phosphorus exhibits pentavalency. 34. Answer (2) BF3 has least Lewis acidity due to p-p back bonding. 35. Answer (4) H3PO3 can form only one acidic salt. 36. Answer (4)
Al2 Cl6 + 12H2O 2[ Al(H2 O)6 ]3 + + 6Cl
37. Answer (2) F2 is stronger oxidising agent due to its higher reduction potential. 38. Answer (4) H3PO2 (Hypophosphorus acid) is a monobasic acid.
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39. Answer (2) Both statements are correct. 40. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation. 41. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation. 42. Answer (3) In V2O5, colour is due to charge transfer. 43. Answer (2) Due to lanthanoid contraction, all the lanthanoids ions are of almost same size, so they have almost similar chemical and physical properties. 44. Answer (3) The difference is due to occurrence of a wide range of oxidation states in actinoids. Also, their radioactivity causes hindrance in their study. 45. Answer (4)
acidic medium 2 CrO2 Cr2O7 4 Orange Yellow basic medium
46. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation. 47. Answer (2) In [FeF6]3, Fe is in +3 state and has d 5-configuration. F is weak field ligand and so [FeF6]3 is high spin complex. d-d transitions in this arrangement is spin forbidden because spin will be reversed. Also all d-d transitions are against Laporte selection rules (i.e., l = 1), i.e., why complex is colourless. 48. Answer (3) FeCl3 is a salt of strong acid and weak base. 49. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation.
4FeCl3 + 3K 4 [Fe (CN)6 ] Fe 4 [Fe (CN)6 ]3 + 12KCl
(Pr ussian blue )
50. Answer (3) In CuSO4 5H2O, four H2O molecules are co-ordinated to the central Cu2+ ion and one H2O molecule has
Hbond with SO2 4 .
51. Answer (2) In La (57), the last electron goes to 5d instead of 4f (violation of Aufbau principle). 52. Answer (4) Actinoids show larger number of oxidation states. The energy gap between 4f- and 5d- subshell is small. 53. Answer (4) [(PPh3)3RhCl] does not show geometrical as well as optical isomerism. 54. Answer (3) of K4[Fe(CN)6] is zero and of K3[Fe(CN)6] is
3 B.M.
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55. Answer (3) It is bidentate -bonded complex. 56. Answer (2) [FeF6]4 has unpair e but in [Fe(CN)6]4 complex all e are paired. 57. Answer (4) [Cu(NH3)4]+2 is dsp2 hybridized square planar complex. 58. Answer (4) [Cu(NH3)2]+ BF4 is colourless complex. 59. Answer (2) Mn+2 has 5 unpair e. 60. Answer (4) Potassium ferricyanide is weakly paramagnetic due to presence of one unpair e. 61. Answer (3) It is inner orbital octahedral complex with d 2sp3 hybridization. 62. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation. 63. Answer (2) Both statements are correct. 64. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation. 65. Answer (3) Phosphomolybdate ion is yellow coloured. 66. Answer (3) Pb(OH)2 is insoluble in NH4OH but (white ppt) soluble in NaOH Pb(OH)2 Pb(OH)2 67. Answer (1)
Hg 2CO 3 HgO + Hg + CO 2
(ppt.) (gas) black
+ +
NH4OH 2NaOH
No Reaction Na 2[Pb(OH)4]
68. Answer (3) Due to formation of potassium dicyanoargentate (I) AgCN + KCN (ppt.) 69. Answer (3) NaOH / H2O2 will convert Cr3+ to CrO4 which become soluble while Fe(OH)3 remain as ppt. 70. Answer (3) NaOH + Al(OH)3 Na [Al(OH)4] K [Ag(CN)2] (soluble)
NaOH form soluble complex with aluminium hydroxide not with ferric hydroxide.
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71. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation. 72. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation. 73. Answer (2) Ba+2 give test of Sr+2 & Ca+2 ions. 74. Answer (3) [Ag(S2O3)2] 3 is soluble complex which changes to white ppt. Sodium thiosulphate Ag2S2O3 and finally turns black due to formation of Ag2S. 75. Answer (1) [Fe(CN)6]4 + 2Cu2+ 76. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation. 77. Answer (2) KCl + H2SO4 Kl + H2SO4 Hl + H2SO4 78. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation. 79. Answer (1) Both statements are correct and statement-2 is the correct explanation. 80. Answer (2) 2KMnO4 81. Answer (3) IInd A group are insoluble in yellow ammonium sulphide where as IInd (B) group are soluble. K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2 HCl + K2SO4 Hl + K2SO4 Br2 + SO2 + H2O Cu2[Fe(CN)6]
Black residue is due to potassium manganate and manganese dioxide
Section - E : Matrix-Match Type

1. Answer - A(p, q, r), B(p, q, s), C(q), D(r) H2O2 behaves as an oxidising agent as well as reducing agent in both acidic solution and basic solution.
+ H O + 2H + 2e 2H2O (In acidic medium) Oxidi sin g nature 2 2 H2O 2 + 2e 2OH (In alkaline medium)
H2O2 2H+ + O2 + 2e (In acidic medium) H2O2 + 2OH 2H2O + O2 + 2e (In alkaline medium) H2O2 acts as a bleaching agent for delicate articles like hair, silk, wool, ivory, etc. The bleaching action is due to oxidation by nascent oxygen and hence is permanent. H2O2 H2O + [O] The pure liquid has weak acidic nature. Ka = 1.55 1012. H2O2 is less acidic than carbonic acid.
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2.
Answer - A(p, s), B(q, r), C(q, r), D(q, r) (A) Dilute H2O2 is a valuable antiseptic and germicide for washing wounds, teeth and ears under the name of perhydrol. (B) Water gas is CO + H2 Preparation of H2 by water gas
450 C CO + H2 + H2 O 2H2 + CO 2 Fe 2 O3
(C) The maximum quantity of commercial hydrogen is produces by Boschs process, water gas is first produced.
100 C C + H2 O CO + H2 1 4 24 3 water gas
(D) By partial oxidation or cracking natural gas (CH4) gives water gas and H2.
Ni Cr CH4 + H2 O CO + H2 Steam 820 C
Ni Cr CO + H2 O CO 2 + H2
3.
Answer - A(p, q), B(p), C(p, q, r, s), D(q, r, s) (A) Formula of heavy water is D2O and it is colourless compound. (B) Heavy water is used as a moderator in nuclear reaction. (C) D2O is prepared by the reaction of H2O with D2. D2 is colourless with low boiling point molecule and it is diatomic gas. (D) H2 is diatomic, colourless and low boiling point molecule.
4.
Answer - A(p, r), B(q, r), C(r, s), D(q, r) Dihydrogen forms three types of hydrides, ionic, covalent and interstitial hydrides. Ionic or salt like (saline) hydrides are formed by alkali metals, alkaline earth metals with exception of Be and Mg and some highly electropositive members of lanthanide series. Covalent or molecular hydrides are formed by all the true non metals (except zero group elements) and the elements such as Al, Ga, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Po etc., which are normally metallic in nature. Metallic or interstitial hydrides are formed by many d-block and f-block elements at elevated temperatures. These hydrides are often non-stoichiometric. Complex metal hydrides such as LiAlH4 and NaBH4 are powerful reducing agents and are widely used in organic reactions.
5.
Answer - A(q, r, s), B(q, r), C(p, q), D(p, q) CaH2 and LiH are ionic hydrides and act as reducing agents.
6.
Answer - A(q, r), B(p, s), C(p, s), D(p, q, r, s) Lithium shows diagonal relationship with Mg. Except LiF, all other halides of Li show somewhat covalent nature as the small Li+ cation brings more and more polarisation in the molecule as the size of the halide ion, X, increases. Sea water contains 2.0 2.9% sodium chloride. Mg is also found in sea water. It is an essential constituent of chlorophyll. Ca is present in natural waters and causes hardness in water. It is an essential constituent of bones and teeth. Egg and sea shells contain CaCO3.
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7.
Answer - A(q, r, s), B(p, r), C(q, s, r), D(p, r) Sorel's cement (or magnesia cement) is MgCl 2, 5MgO.xH 2O. Albite is NaAlSi 3O8. Carnallite is KCl. MgCl2.6H2O. Glauber's salt is Na2SO4.10H2O.
8.
Answer - A(p, q, r, s), B(p, q, r, s), C(p, q, s), D(s) (A) Salts of Be undergo hydrolysis to form hydroxo complex, BeCl2 on reaction with H2O gives the fumes of HCl it acts as a lewis acid and soluble in water. (B) Similar to above (C) Due to low charge density salts of Mg are not acts as a Lewis acid and for rest answers same as above. (D) In alkaline earth metals for the oxides solubility increases down the group.
9.
Answer - A(p, r, s), B(s), C(p, q, r), D(p, q, r) (A) Since sodium is very reactive, hence it reacts with air therefore it stores in kerosene or benzene. (B) Formula of baking powder is NaHCO3. (C) Since it can eject electrons easily therefore used in photoelectric cell and for rest answers same as a and b. (D) It is photoelectric material.
10. Answer - A(p, q, s), B(p, r), C(q, s), D(p, q, r, s) (A) Davy and Lunge mechanism (for H2SO4) NO + NO2 N2O3 2SO2 + N2O3 + O2 + H2O 2HSO 4 .NO
(Intermediate)
2HSO4.NO + H2O 2H2SO4 + NO + NO2 all three (p, q, s) are produced in the reaction (B) Iron pyrite (FeS2) produces. Sulphur on distillation
distillation FeS 2 Fe 3 S 4 + S
FeS2 is used in the preparation of H2SO4 in lead chamber process. (C) Copper when reacts with HNO3 to give NO and NO2 in molar ratio of 2 : 1 7Cu + 20HNO3 7Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 10H2O + 4NO (D) SO2 + NO2 SO3 + NO(g) SO3 + H2O H2SO4(l) SO2 is reduced to s in presence of moist SO2 + H2S S + H2O In part A (above) NO and NO2 both produced when intermediate reacts with H2O. 11. Answer - A(q), B(r), C(p), D(q, r) On hydrolysis of Bi3+ gives its oxides on acidification [AlO2]+ gives its hydroxide. 12. Answer - A(q, r), B(r), C(p, s), D(s) The hybridisation of Xe in XeF2 is sp3d but it has three lone pair of electrons which occupy all the three equatorial positions and hence, its shape becomes linear. The hybridisation of Xe in XeF4 is sp3d2 but shape is square planar because it has two lone pair of electrons. The hybridisation of Xe in XeOF4 is sp3d2 but it has one lone pair and hence, its shape is square pyramidal.
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13. Answer - A(p, q), B(p), C(r, s), D(r) The hybridisation of Xe in XeF6 is sp3d3 but it has one lone pair of electrons and so, its shape becomes distorted octahedral. The hybridisation of the central atom in IF7 is sp3d3 and its shape is pentagonal bipyramidal. 14. Answer - A(p, s), B(p, s), C(q, r), D(q) In BCl3, hybridisation of the central atom is sp2 and its geometry is trigonal planar. It does not form bridge structure due to larger size of Cl-atom. In B2H6, B is sp3 hybridised and it has bridge structure.
F | FB | F
Both B and N are sp3 hybridised. 15. Answer - A(p, q, s), B(p, q), C(s), D(q, r)
H | NH | H
BeCl2 in vapour phase is monomeric and dimeric but in solid state it is polymeric. Boron nitride (BN) is similar to the structure of graphite
N B
N B
N B
Structure of Boron nitride. BeCl2, AlCl3, SiCl4 are Lewis acids. 16. Answer - A(p, q, s), B(p, q, s), C(q, s), D(r) Iron pyrites and Fool's gold is FeS2. Sulphide ores are concentrated by froth floatation process. Galena is PbS. Haematite is Fe2O3. It is usually red in colour. Lead is mainly extracted from galena ore. 17. Answer - A(p, q, s), B(p, q), C(q, r), D(p, q) Stainless steel contains Fe, Cr and Ni In Permalloy, there is 21% Fe, 78% Ni and carbon. In German silver there is 56% Cu, 24% Zn and 20% Ni. In Alnico, there is 60% Fe, 12% Al, 20% Ni and 8% Co. 18. Answer - A(q), B(p, q), C(r, s), D(q, r) Liquation process is based on the difference in fusibility of the metal and impurities. When the impurities are less fusible than the metal itself, this process is employed. This method is used to purify the metals like Bi, Sn, Pb, Hg, etc. Distillation process is used for those metals which are easily volatile. This is used for the purification of Zn, Cd, Hg etc. Many of the metals such as copper, silver, gold, aluminium, lead etc., are purified by electrolytic refining of metals. 19. Answer - A(p, q), B(q, r, s), C(q, r, s), D(p, q, s) (A) Extraction of Zn is carried by Parke Process (B) Cyanide of Au and Ag is soluble complexes (C) + 1 oxidation state of Au and Cu show disproportionation.
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20. Answer - A(q, s), B(q), C(p), D(r) The highest oxidation state +8 is shown by ruthenium and osmium in oxides, fluorides, oxo-anions and fluoro complexes. The two elements osmium and iridium have highest densities 22.67 g mL1 and 22.61 g mL1 respectively. Cr(24) [Ar] 3d54s1 Cr has 6 unpaired electrons. Technetium (TC) was the first synthetic element and is radioactive. 21. Answer - A(p, r), B(q, r), C(p, q, s), D(p, q, s) In K2MnO4, the oxidation state of Mn is +6.
2MnO 2 + (pyrolusite ore ) 4KOH + O 2 2K 2MnO 4 + 2H2O
2K2MnO4 + Cl2 2KMnO4 + 2KCl KMnO4 acts as an oxidising agent in alkaline, neutral or acidic solutions.
4FeO.Cr2O 3 + 8Na 2 CO 3 + 7O 2 8Na 2CrO 4 + 2Fe 2 O 3 + 8CO 2
Chromite ore
2Na2CrO4 + H2SO4 Na2Cr2O7 + Na2SO4 + H2O Na2Cr2O7 + 2KCl K2Cr2O7 + 2NaCl 22. Answer - A(p, q), B(p, q), C(s), D(r) Fe, Pt do not form amalgams. 23. Answer - A(p, q, r), B(q, r), C(q), D(q, s) FeCl3 and FeF3 are almost black coloured solid FeF3 is sparingly soluble in water but gives Na3[FeF6] in solution which does not gives +ve test for Fe+3. FeCl3.6H2O is used as both oxidising and as a mordant in dyeing. Ferrates are only stable in strongly alkaline solution. 24. Answer - A(p, q, s), B(p, r, s), C(p, s), D(s) (A) Na2Cr2O7 compound is hygroscopic, oxidising agent and coloured. (B) CrO3 (anhydride of chromic acid) is good oxidising agent, corrosive and coloured. (C) CrO2Cl2 is a oxidising agent and coloured due to charge transfer. (D) Cr2O3 is a green coloured solid. 25. Answer - A(p, q, r), B(p, q, r), C(q, r, s), D(s) FeSO4 + 6KCN K4[Fe(CN)6] + K2SO4
FeCl 3 + 3K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] Fe 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ]3 + 12KCl
Pr ussian blue
2CuSO 4 + K 4 [Fe(CN)6 ] Cu 2 [Fe(CN) 6 ] + 2K 2SO 4

Re ddish brown ppt .
Extraction of metals involving aqueous solution is known as hydrometallurgy. Ag, Au, Cu, etc., are extracted by this process. 26. Answer - A(r), B(p, q), C(q, s), D(p, q, s) SCN, NO2 ambidentate ligands. [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3 has 3 hydrate isomers.
(255)
Inorganic Chemistry
27. Answer - A(p, s), B(p, q, r), C(q, s), D(p, r, s) OX (oxalato) is a bidentate ligand and so it is a chelating ligand. en (ethylene diammine) is a bidentate chelating ligand. 28. Answer - A(p, r), B(p, s), C(q, r), D(q, s) Cu+ show sp3, Ni form tetrahedral complex when R C6H5 in [Ni X2 (PR3)2] and when R is cyclo-hexyl then complex will square planar. 29. Answer - A(p, q, r, s), B(p, q, r), C(r), D(p, q, r) Stability of a complex depend on the nature of metal ion, electronic configuration, nature of ligand and can also be increased by chelation. Crystal field splitting energy depends on the size of metal ion, electronic configuration and type of ligand. Isomerism depend on the type of ligand and tendency to form outer orbital complex or inner orbital complex depend on nature of metal in electronic configuration and type of ligand. 30. Answer - A(p, q, s), B(p, r, s), C(p, q), D(p, q) Co and CN are donar and accept the e from d-orbital of metals CO, CN, CH2 = CH2, synergic bonding. 31. Answer - A(p, q), B(p, q), C(r, s), D(r) CN, NO2, CNS etc., are ambident ligands. All ambidentate ligands are monodentate ligands. Polydentate ligands are chelating ligands. EDTA is ethylene diammine tetra acetate and is hexa dentate ligand. 32. Answer - A(r), B(p, q), C(p, q), D(s) Zinc oxide (ZnO) is also called zinc white or chinese white or philosopher's wool. It is a white powder. It becomes yellow on heating and again turns white on cooling. PbO is known in two forms : (i) a yellow powder commonly known as 'massicot' and (ii) a buff coloured crystalline form known as litharge. 33. Answer - A(p), B(p, q, r), C(p, q), D(p, q, r, s) Al3+ is in group III and its group reagent is NH4OH + NH4Cl. Cu2+, Bi3+ are in group II and group reagent is H2S + dil. HCl. Zn2+ is in group IV and its group reagent is H2S + NH4OH. 34. Answer - A(p, s), B(p, s), C(r), D(q) Zn2+ and Co2+ are in group IV. Sr2+ is in group V and its group reagent is (NH4)2CO3 + NH4Cl + NH4OH. 35. Answer - A(q, r), B(p, s), C(q, r), D(q, s) Ag NO3 is called Lunar caustic. All metal nitrates are water soluble. SnCl2 is a white crystalline solid. It is soluble in water, alcohol and ether. 36. Answer - A(p, r), B(p), C(s), D(q, r) H2S and SO2 gas reduce acidified K2Cr2O7 to Cr3+, SO2 and CO2 both turn lime water milky. also from
Na 2CO3 + H2SO 4 Na2SO 4 + H2O + CO2

dil.
Ca(OH)2 + CO 2 CaCO 3 + H2 O
Lime water (milky )
Na 2SO 3 + H2 SO 4 Na 2SO 4 + H2 O + SO 2
dil.
(256)
Inorganic Chemistry
Ca(OH)2 + SO 2 CaSO 3 + H2O

Lime water 2 (milky )
Cr2 O 7
+ 3SO 2 + 2H+ 2Cr 3 + + 3SO 4

( green )
+ H2 O
2NaNO 2 + H2SO 4 Na 2SO 4 + 2HNO 2

dil.
2KI + H2SO4 + 2HNO2 K2SO4 + 2H2O + 2NO + I2 I2 + starch blue colour.

Na 2S + H2 SO 4 H2 S + Na 2SO 4
dil.
H2S + (CH3COO)2 Pb PbS + 2CH3COOH

(Black )
37. Answer - A(p, q, r), B(p, r), C(p, r, s), D(p, r) (A) Hg2 Cl2 + 2NH4 OH Hg + Hg(NH2 )Cl + NH4 Cl + 2H2O (B) Hg2 Cl2 + SnCl 2 2Hg + SnCl 4 (C) 2HgCl2 + SnCl2 Hg2Cl2 + SnCl4
Hg2Cl2 + SnCl2 2Hg + SnCl4
Hg (D) HgCl2 + Cu
grey ppt
38. Answer - A(q, s), B(r), C(p), D(p)

dil H2SO 4 CO 2 CO 2 3 NO 3 + H2 SO 4 + Cu Cu(NO 3 )2 + NO 2
Na 2 [Fe(CN)5 NOS] Purple coloured compound.
Section - F : Subjective Type

1. (i) Chromium hydroxide is converted into soluble yellow sodium chromate.
[H2 O 2 H2 O + [O]] 3
2Cr(OH)3 + 4NaOH + 3[O] 2Na2CrO4 + 5H2O

2Cr(OH)3 + 4NaOH + 3H2 O 2 2Na 2 CrO 4 + 8H2O
(ii) Zinc dissolves in caustic potash solution evolving hydrogen

Zn + 2KOH K 2 ZnO 2 + H2
(iii) Deuteromethane is evolved.

Al 4 C 3 + 12D 2 O 4 Al(OD)3 + 3CD 4
FeSO 4 (iv) C 6H6 + H2 O 2 C 6H5 OH + H2O
(257)
Inorganic Chemistry
2.
It is clear from point (iv) that (X) is H2O2.

Ti(SO 4 ) 2 + 2H2O + H2 O 2 H2 TiO 4 + 2H2SO 4
(X) Perti tan ic acid ( yellow )
(i)
2KMnO 4 + 2KOH 2K 2MnO 4 + H2O + [O] H2O 2 + [O] H2O + O 2 2KMnO 4 + 2KOH + H2O 2 2K 2MnO 4 + 2H2O + O 2
( X)
2K 2MnO 4 + 2H2 O 2MnO 2 + O 2 + 4KOH

(Brown ppt .)
(ii) H2O 2 + Cl2 2HCl + O 2

( X)
(iii) H2 O 2 + 2KI + H2 SO 4 K 2SO 4 + 2H2 O + I2 3. H2O2 as oxidant. Chromium hydroxide is oxidised by H2O2 in presence of NaOH into sodium chromate. [H2O2 H2O + [O]] 3 2Cr(OH)3 + 4NaOH + 3[O] 2Na2CrO4 + 4H2O ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2Cr(OH)3 + 4NaOH + 3H2O2 2Na2CrO4 + 8H2O H2O2 as reductant. Potassium ferricyanide is reduced to ferrocyanide in presence of KOH by H2O2. 2K3[Fe(CN)6] + 2KOH 2K4 [Fe(CN)6] + H2O + [O] H2O2 + [O] H2O + O2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2K3[Fe(CN)6] + 2KOH + H2O2 2K4[Fe(CN)6] + 2H2O + O2 4. A + B C (gives fumes) C + NaOH A Gas A is NH3 B is HCl and C is NH4Cl NH3 gives brown precipitate with Nesslers reagent. D is Nesslers reagent (K2HgI4) E formed is O
Hg Hg NH2I
oxydimercuric ammonium iodide NH3 + 3NaOH + K2HgI4 O
Hg Hg NH2I + 4KI + 3NaI + 2H2O.
(258)
Inorganic Chemistry
5.
Gas B is chlorine (Cl2) Ethyl alcohol gives anaesthetic CHCl3 E = CHCl3 The milky precipitate C is CaCO3 A is a compound of Ca and Cl CaCO3 + H2O + CO2 Ca(HCO3)2 D = Ca(HCO3)2 The inert gas at room temperature by oxidation of NH3 is N2 F = N2 A also has O A is a compound of Ca, O, Cl A is CaOCl2 i.e. bleaching powder CaOCl2 + H2O Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 3CaOCl2 + 2NH3 3CaCl2 + 3H2O + N2 Cl2 + H2O 2HCl + O; O + CH3CH2OH CH3CHO + H2O CH3CHO + 3Cl2 CCl3CHO + 3HCl; 2CCl3CHO + Ca(OH)2 2CHCl3 + Ca(HCOO)2 6NaOH + 4S + 5H2O Na2S2O35H2O + 2Na2S + 3H2O B is Na2S2O35H2O Na2S +
4S
( excess )
6.
Na2S5
C is (Na2S5) A + S Na2S2O3 A is Na2SO3 D is Na2S2O3 Na2S2O3 + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + SO2 + From description F is SO2 E is sulphur 2Na2S2O3 + I2 NaI + Na2S4O6 G is Na2S4O6 (sodium tetrathionate). 7. C + K2CrO4 D (yellow ppt.) D is BaCrO4 C is a carbonate C is BaCO3 A is Ba(NO3)2 B is BaCl2
S
( yellow )
+ H2O
(259)
Inorganic Chemistry
BaCO3 + H2O Ba(OH)2 + CO2 E is Ba(OH)2 F is CO2 6Ba(OH)2 + 6Cl2 Ba(ClO3 )2 + 5BaCl2 + 6H2O
ppt.
G is Ba(ClO3)2. 8. D = AgI (from property) B = KI (from 3rd reaction) C = CuI2 A = CuSO4. 9. The first part is bead test using microcosmic salt C is NaPO3 and A is Na(NH4)HPO4
Na(NH4)HPO4 NaPO3 + H2O + NH3
Na2HPO4 + NH4Cl Na(NH4)HPO4 + NaCl B is Na2HPO4 E is Na2SiO3 (present in glass) So, D is a oxide of Si D is SiO2 Na2SiO3 + 6HF Na2SiF6 + 3H2O F is Na2SiF6. 10. Oxide B is amphoteric as it dissolves in NaOH. BeO is the only amphoteric oxide B = BeO A = Be BeO + 2NaOH Na2BeO2 + H2O C = Na2BeO2 BeO + C + Cl2 BeCl2 + CO D = BeCl2 E = CO BeCl2 + 2H2O Be(OH)2 + 2HCl
( of air ) ( fumes )
F = HCl BeO + 4NH4F (NH4)2BeF4 + 2NH3 + H2O

(NH4)2BeF4 BeF2 + 2NH4F
(260)
Inorganic Chemistry
11. Red ppt. is of HgI2 D is HgI2 A is iodide salt Only KI dissolves free I2 KI + I2 KI3 A = KI B = KI3
10KI + 2KMnO 4 + 8H2SO 4 6K 2SO 4 + 2MnSO 4 + 5I2 + 8H2O

(pink ) (brown)
C = I2 2KI + HgI2 K2HgI4 E = K2HgI4 or Nesslers reagent. 12. Ellingham diagram can be used to predict which metal/non-metal can be used to extract any other metal from its oxide by using smelting process. Any metal having its metal-metal oxide line above any other metal can be extracted by other metals having their metal-metal oxide line below in Ellingham diagram. Ex. Al can be used to extract Cr, Fe etc. from their oxide. 13. (i) 4FeCr2O4 + 16NaOH + 7O2 8Na 2CrO 4 + 2Fe2O3 + 8H2O
(A)
(ii) 2Na 2CrO 4 + H2SO 4 Na2Cr2O7 + Na2SO4 + H2O

(A) (B )
2NaOH + Cr2O3 + 3CO (iii) Na2Cr2O7 + 3C + H2O
(iv) Cr2O3 + Al 2Cr + Al2O3 (v) Na2Cr2O7 + 4NaCl + 6H2SO4 6NaHSO4 + 2CrO2Cl2 + 3H2O 14. In Ellingham diagram the line of Al Al2O3 is below metal-metal oxide line of other metals. Thus coupled reaction of its oxide with other metal will have positive Gibbs free energy change value. Which doesnt favour its reduction using smelting. 15. (i) (ii) AlCl3, 6H2O exists as [Al(H2O)6]Cl3. Upon heating AlCl3 undergoes hydrolysis and forms Al2O3. AlCl3 lacks back-bonding as in BCl3 because of large size of Aluminium. Aluminium metal forms complete octet by coordinate bridges by chlorine atoms between two Al atoms. (iii) On heating, borax first swells up due to elimination of water molecules. On further heating, it melts to a liquid which then solidifies to a transparent glassy mass.
Na 2B 4 O7 10H2 O Na2B 4O 7 2NaBO 2 + B 2 O3 4 2444 3 ( strong) 144 10H O
2
Glassy bead
When the hot bead is touched with a coloured salt, B2O3 displaces the volatile oxides and combines with basic oxides to form metaborates. e.g. CuSO4 + B2O3
CuO B2O3 + SO3 Cu(BO2)2

Blue
Colour of metaborates : Cu Fe Co Cr Ni Blue Green Blue Green Brown

(261)
Inorganic Chemistry
16. (i)
[Sn + 2HNO3 Sn(NO3 )2 + 2H] 4 2HNO3 + 8H NH4NO3 + 3H2O 4Sn + 10HNO3 (dil) 4Sn(NO3 )2 + NH4NO3 + 3H2O
(ii)
K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] + 3H 2 SO 4 2K 2 SO 4 + FeSO 4 + 6HCN [HCN + 2H 2 O HCOOH + NH 3 ] 6 [2NH 3 + H 2 SO 4 (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ] 3 [HCOOH CO + H 2 O] 6 K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] + 6H 2 SO 4 + 6H 2 O 2K 2 SO 4 + FeSO 4 + 3(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 + 6CO
(iii) (iv)
Cu 2CH3Cl + Si (CH3 )2 SiCl2 275 375C
[F2 + H 2 SO 4 CaSO 4 + 2HF ] 2 SiO 2 + 4HF SiF4 + 2H 2 O 2CaF2 + 2H 2 SO 4 + SiO 2 2CaSO 4 + SiF4 + 2H 2 O
(v)
Pb 3O 4 2PbO + PbO 2 [PbO + 2HNO3 Pb(NO3 )2 + H2O] 2 Pb 3O 4 + 4HNO3 (dil) 2Pb(NO3 )2 + PbO 2 + 2H2O
17. (i)
N2O3 > P2O3 > As2O3 Acidic character decreases down the group.
(ii)
NF3 > NCl3 > NBr3 Stability decreases due to increasing size of halogen atom.
(iii) 18. (i)
HNO3 > H3PO4 > H3AsO4 > H3SbO4

KClO 3 + H2SO 4 KHSO 4 + HCl + 3[O] 3H2C2O 4 + 3[O] 6CO 2 + 3H2O KClO 3 + 3H2C2O 4 + H2SO 4 KHSO 4 + HCl + 6CO2 + 3H2O
(ii)
[Na 2O 2 + H2SO 4 Na 2SO 4 + H2O2 ] 5 2KMnO 4 + 3H2SO 4 K 2SO 4 + 2MnSO 4 + 3H2O + 5[O] [H2O2 + [O] H2O + O 2 ] 5 2KMnO 4 + 8H2SO 4 + 5Na 2O 2 5Na 2SO 4 + K 2SO 4 + 2MnSO 4 + 8H2O + 5O2
2NaHSO 3 Na 2 SO 3 + H2O + SO 2 SO 2 + 2H2 S 2H2O + 3S 2NaHSO 3 + 2H2S Na 2 SO 3 + 3S + 3H2 O
(iii)
(262)
Inorganic Chemistry
19. (i)
CaOCl 2 + 2CH 3 COOH (CH 3 COO) 2 Ca + Cl 2 + H 2 O 2KI + Cl 2 2KCl + I 2 2Na 2 S 2 O 3 + I 2 Na 2 S 4 O 6 + 2NaI
A weighed quantity of Bleaching powder is suspended in water and treated with excess of acetic acid and KI. The liberated iodine is estimated by titrating it with a standard solution of hypo using starch as indicator. (ii) Chlorides when heated with K2Cr2O7 and the H2SO4 evolve chromyl chloride (orange vapours) which when passed through lead acetate gives yellow ppt. of PbCrO4
K 2 Cr2 O 7 + 2H 2 SO 4 2KHSO 4 + 2CrO 3 + H 2 O [KCl + H 2 SO 4 KHSO 4 + HCl] 4 [CrO 3 + 2HCl CrO 2 Cl 2 + H 2 O] 2 K 2 Cr2 O 7 + 6H 2 SO 4 + 4KCl 6KHSO 4 + 2CrO 2 Cl 2 + 3H 2 O
Orange vapour
CrO 2 Cl 2 + 2H 2 O H 2 CrO 4 + 2HCl H 2 CrO 4 + Pb(CH 3 COO) 2 PbCrO 4 + 2CH 3 COOH

( Yellow )
(iii)
(fluoride salt)
CaSO4 + H2F2 CaF2 + H2SO 4 SiF4 + 2H2O SiO2 + 2H2F2 H2SiO3 (SiO2 H2O)+ 2H2SiF6 3SiF4 + 3H2O
( silicic acid) ( Waxy layer on glass rod)
O
20. XeO2F2 : O
F Xe
sp d
see saw shape
XeOF4 :
F Xe F F
square pyramidal
XeO3F2 : O
F Xe
sp d
XeO3 :
sp
O
O O
Pyramidal
trigonal F bipyramidal
XeO4 :
sp
Tetrahedral
O
(263)
Inorganic Chemistry
21. It disproportionates in solution giving purple colored permanganate and brown colored MnO2. 4MnO42 + 4H+ 3MnO4 + MnO2 + 2H2O acidic medion is obtained due to dissociation of H2CO3 formed. 22.
[VO4]
pH12
[VO3OH]
pH10
[V2O6OH]
pH9
[V3O9]
colorless
+
colorless
pH1
6
colorless
pH2.2 pH6.5
orange pH7 [V5O14] red

3
[VO2]
[V10O28]
V2O5(H2O)n brown ppt.
OH O CH3C = NOH + 2NH4OH CH3C = NOH CH3C = N CH3C = N Ni

2+
N = C CH3 N = C CH3
23. (i)
Ni + 2
2+
O HO bis(dimethyl glyoximato) nickel (II)

(ii) Ni is in +2 oxidation state and the complex is square due to dsp2 hybridization. (iii) The complex is diamagnetic due to absence of unpaired electron. 24. (i) SnCl2 reduces HgCl2 to Hg2Cl2 first and then to Hg SnCl2 + 2HgCl2 Hg2Cl2 + SnCl4 Hg2Cl2 + SnCl2 2Hg + SnCl4 (ii) In the solution, the following equilibria exists : Cr2O72 + H2O 2CrO42 + 2H+ In acidic medium (pH < 7), it exists as Cr2O72 ions and has orange color while in basic medium (pH > 7), it exists as CrO42 ions and has yellow color. 25. Ksp of CuS is less than Ksp of ZnS. On passing H2S in acidic medium, the dissociation of H2S is suppressed due to common ion effect and its provides a limited conc. of S2 ions enough of exceed Ksp of CuS but not ZnS. Thus only CuS gets precipitated. 26. (i) 82 (ii) 35 (iii) 30 (iv) 38 (v) 53 27. (i) Tris (ethylenediammine) cobalt (III) chloride (ii) Tris-oxalatocobaltate (III) ion (iii) Decaammine--peroxodicobalt (III) ion (iv) Hexaammine chromium (III) hexa cyano cobaltate (III) (v) Bis (dimethylglyoximato) nickel (II) 27(a). Answer (3) IUPAC name is tetraamminenickel(II)-tetrachloronickelate(II).
(vi) 34 (vii) 33 (viii) 86 (ix) 54 (x) 86
IIT-JEE-2008
(264)
Inorganic Chemistry
28. (i) [NH4]2[FeF5(H2O)] (ii) [Co(H2O)2(en)2]2 (SO4)3 (iii) [Zn(NCS)4]2 (iv) Na3[Co(NO2)6]
(vi) [Ni(NH3)4] (ClO4)2 (vii) [Ni(NH3)6]3 [Co(NO2)6]2 (viii) [Ni(CO)2(PPh3)2]
NH2
(ix) (en)2Co
Co(en)2 (SO4)2 OH NH2
(v) [Fe(en)3] [Fe(CN)4] 29. (i) d 2sp 3 (ii) sp 3d 2 (iii) dsp 2 (iv) sp 3
(x)
(en)2Co OH
Co(en)2 (SO4)2
5d
30.
6s
6p
Au
3+
5d
5d [AuCl4]
6s
6p
dsp hybridisation 3d Ga
3+ 10
4s
4p
3d [GaCl4]
4s
4p
sp hybridisation
H2SO 4 31. A = [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3 No reaction
( All H2O molecule are present in co-ordination sphere)

H2SO4 one mole of H2O is lost B = [CrCl (H2O)5 ]Cl2 H2O
Molecular weight of complex = 266.5 % loss =

18 100 = 6.75% 266 .5
H2SO4 C = [CrCl2 (H2O)4 ]Cl2 2H2O 2 moles of H2O is removed
% loss in weight =
2 18 100 = 13.50% 266 .5
(265)
Inorganic Chemistry
32. [Pt(NH3)4] [PtCl4] ; Tetraammineplatinum (II) tetrachloroplatinate (II) [Pt(NH3)4] [NO3]2 ; Tetraammineplatinum (II) nitrate Ag2[PtCl4]; Silvertetrachloroplatinate (II) 33. (A) = H2S2O8, (B) = H2SO4, (C) = H2O2 and (D) = BaSO4 34. (i) Hg2(NO3)2 + 2KI (ii) Hg2I2 + 2KI Hg2I2 + 2KNO3 K2HgI4 + Hg
OH = NOH (iii) NiSO4 + 2H3C C = H3C C = = NOH H3C C = =N + 2NH4OH H3C C = =N O Ni
O N == C CH3 N == C CH3 HO + (NH4)2SO4 + 2H2O
35. A = Hg2(NO3)2, B = Hg2Cl2, C = HgCl2, D = K2HgI4 E = Hg2, F = FeSO4 NO 36. A = PH4I, B = PH3, C = KI, D = P2O5 E = Cu2I2 37. A = K2MnO4, B = KMnO4, C = KIO3, D = Mn2O7, E = MnO2 38. (i) Turns lime water milky, thus (A) is either CO2 or SO2 gas (ii) (Y) gives alkaline solution and its solution forms white ppt (Z) with BaCl2 and (Z) on heating with acid gives effervescences of CO2, so (Z) is BaCO3 and (Y) is metal carbonate
(iii) Since (Y) and (A) are formed from (X) and thus, (X) is metal bicarbonate and (A) is CO2
(266)
Inorganic Chemistry
(iv) (v)
16.8 g
A + B +Y
4.4 g
1.8 g
The above data reveal that 2MHCO3 CO2 + H2O + M2CO3 4.4 g CO2 is obtained by 16.8 g MHCO3 44 g CO2 is obtained by 168 g MHCO3 Molecular weight of MHCO3 =
168 = 84 2
At. wt. of metal = 23 Hence metal is Na, i.e.,
2NaHCO3 CO2 + H2O + Na 2CO 3

( X) (A) (B )
(Y)
Air 39. White phosphorus waxy crystalline solid having garlic smell (A).
(A) + Hot water
Gas (B)
having rotten fish smell, thus PH3
+ Acid (C)
CuSO4 solution + gas (B) Black ppt of cupric phosphide (D) Reactions involved :P4 + 3O2 2P2O3 2P2O3 + 6H2O PH3 + 3H3PO3
(B) ( C) (A)
3CuSO4 + 2PH3 Cu3P2 + 3H2SO4.

Black (D)
40. Let us summarise the reaction

(A) + NaCl + conc. H2SO 4 (B) Orange Crystal Orange gas NaOH yellow solution
AgNO3
KI Orange I2 + Green solution 3+ Cr 6+ Cr
Red ppt
Hence (A) = K2Cr2O7 (B) = CrO2Cl2 (C) = Na2CrO4 K2Cr2O7 + 4NaCl + 6 H2SO4 4NaHSO4 + 2KHSO4 + 2CrO2Cl2 + 3H2O Orange crystal (A) CrO2Cl2 + 4NaOH Na2CrO4 + 2NaCl + 2H2O
(B) (Orange)
(267)
Inorganic Chemistry
Na2CrO4 + 2AgNO3 Ag2CrO4 + 2NaNO3 Red ppt 2Na2CrO4 + H2SO4 Na2Cr2O7 + Na2SO4 + H2O
3+ Cr2O72 + 14H+ + 6 I 2Cr + 7H2O + 3I2
Quantitative analysis CrO2Cl2 Na2CrO4 2AgNO3 155 g 2 mol
155 g of CrO2Cl2 requires 2 moles of AgNO3 0.155 g of CrO2Cl2 requires 0.002 mole (2 m.mole) Similarly. 2 CrO2Cl2 2 CrO42 Cr2O72 3I2 2 155 g 0.155 g will liberate
3 10 3 moles = 1.5 milli mole 2
(268)

Unit-III - Inorganic Chemistry - Solutions (Final)

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Unit-III - Inorganic Chemistry - Solutions (Final)

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Inorganic Chemistry

Section A : Straight Objective Type

Answer (4) Hydrolith CaH2, oxidane H2O, Azane NH3.

Answer (1) Factual.

Answer (1) Factual.

Success Magnet (Solutions)

PbS + 4H2O2 PbSO 4 + 4H2O.

15. Answer (3)

16. Answer (2)

number of mole = M VL volume in litre =

volume in ml = 20. Answer (1)

Volume strength of H2O2 = 5.6 N

NH2O2 (mixture) = 1.339

Success Magnet (Solutions)

21. Answer (2)

2NaOH+ 2Na[Cr(OH)4 ] + 3H2O 2 2Na2CrO4 + 8H2O

2Na2CrO4 + H2SO 4 Na2Cr2O7 + Na 2SO 4 + H2O

24. Answer (2)

Ca(OH)2 + 2H2 CO2 CaCO3

Success Magnet (Solutions)

30. Answer (1)

NaOH NH3 (B) (A) CaCl2 solution

Success Magnet (Solutions)

Ca(OH)2 + Ca(HCO3)2 (A) Ca(OH)2 + CO2

2CaCO3 + 2H2O CaCO3 + H2O (milkiness)

Success Magnet (Solutions)

KBr + KBrO3 + H2O

60. Answer (3)

Success Magnet (Solutions)

six P P single bonds.

Success Magnet (Solutions)

SnCl2 + 2HgCl2 SnCl4 + Hg2Cl2 SnCl2 + Hg2Cl2 SnCl4 + 2Hg

Success Magnet (Solutions)

99. Answer (2)

100. Answer (4)

101. Answer (3)

Lemon yellow solid

102. Answer (4)

103. Answer (2)

1M=5N H2O2 100 mL of 5 N KMnO4

1M=3N H2O2 V mL of 3 N KMnO4 3V 500 V=

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107. Answer (1)

Hg2 Cl2 + 2NH3 (aq) Hg + Hg (NH2 ) Cl+ 4NH4 Cl

K 3 [Cu(CN) 4 ] Pot. tetracyano cuprate (I) ( So lub le complex ).

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Co+2 + SCN [Co(SCN)4 ] 2

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131. Answer (2) SnS + (NH4)2Sn SnS 2 .

KI KI + HgCl2 KCl + HgI2 K 2HgI4 orange

KI + Pb(NO3)2 142. Answer (3)

PbI2 + yellow ppt .

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144. Answer (1) Cr(OH)3 + NaOH + Na2O2 CrO 4 2

H2SO4 conc. Cu HCl

NO2 Cu(NO3)2 + Ag AgCl

Section - B : Multiple Choice Questions

2Mn+4O2 + 2OH + 3O2 + 2H2O 2MnO4 + 3H2O2 medium

Answer (1, 2, 4) All three are the properties of water.

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Answer (1, 4) For diatomic gases (H2 & CO) has =

Success Magnet (Solutions)

Success Magnet (Solutions)