Diagnostic Testing

KUB – X-ray of the kidneys, ureters, bladders

IVP – with contrast medium and X-ray
Pre: Give laxative night before; enema in the AM
NPO 120 prior
Post: Observe reaction to contrast medium
Give foods and fluids
Retrograde Pyelography – contrast medium is given [sometimes under
anesthesia] through the kidneys, then X-rays are taken to outline the
structure
Pre: Void before examination [same as IVP]
Post: Check VS & MIO; withhold food and fluids; WOF reactions
CT SCAN – an X-ray beam scans the body from different angles to provide
clear, computerized, cross-sectional image of the kidneys
Diagnosis of early stages of kidney disease; may or may not contrast
medium
UTZ – a non-invasive procedure that uses high-frequency sound waves to
produce an image or photograph of the kidneys
Pre: NPO 120; NO smoking or chew gum
Post: None required
Cystoscopy – Direct visualization of the urethra, bladder, and urethral
orifices with cystoscope; sedatives and analgesics may be Rx
Dignositic Testing 2
 Collecting Urine Specimens
Clean voided specimens – 120 mL (4 oz)

Clean-catch (midstream) specimens – identifies

MO
How?
– External urinary meatus is cleansed first with soap
and water
– Voids 30 mL
– Last urine is discarded
– Sterile bedpan is used in special cases
– Females may be catheterized to get a sterile sample
Dignositic Testing 3
 Collecting Urine Specimens
Sterile specimens from IFC
How?
– Requires 3 mL [10 mL for routine urinalysis]
– Wear disposable gloves
– Needle G 21-25
– Clamp the tube for <30min if urine is found below the
collection port
– Clean the port with antiseptic swab

24-H (Timed) specimens

– Containers are put on either refrigerated, kept on ice, or
contains a preservative
– May be kept on separate or in one container [marked]
– First voided urine is discarded and time is recorded
– Last voided urine is collected and bladder is emptied
completely
Dignositic Testing 4
 Collecting Urine Specimens
Procedures & Techniques:
1. Urine must be free of fecal
contamination.

3. Laboratory analysis is
difficult if there is paper in
the specimen.

5. Take care not to

contaminate other objects
with urine.

7. Take care that the

specimen is properly
identified.

9. Urine decomposes when

left at room temperature
over time.
Dignositic Testing 5
Dignositic Testing 6