Jake Fugiasco

2.) Arrangement

1.) Invention The Five Canons of Rhetoric

3.) Style

5.)Delivery

4.) Memory www.hcs.harvard.edu/~ rhetoric/summary.doc

Invention The two types of arguments are Non artistic and Artistic. Non-artistic are arguments that do not require invention, such as laws, witnesses, contracts, tortures, or oaths. Artistic are arguments that the speaker must invent, they can include rational appeals (logos), emotional appeals (pathos), and ethical appeals (ethos).

Arrangement The arrangement is used once the arguments are discovers and the must be organized. First is the introduction to inform the audience of the subject of the discourse, and to render the audience amenable to the speakers argument. Next is a statement of a fact, this informs the audience of the circumstances that must be known before the formal argument is presented. After that is the Confirmation, this is where the argument is presented and also proven. Fourth, the refutation, this can be achieved in a variety of ways, including logical, emotional, and ethical appeals. Lastly is the conclusion, emotional appeals tend to be the strongest in the conclusion. You can find restated facts and arguments in the conclusion.

Once the ideas are discovered and organized they must be translated into words for written or oral discourse. Style can be defines as thinking out into language. Rhetoricians believe style was not merely omamental; rather, and appropriate use of language was a important to persuasion as was the quality of the thought that the language expressed. Edward Corbettts and Robert Connors Classical Rhetoric for the Modern Student, give many definitions of what rhetoricians consider to be style: Parallelism Antithesis Anastrophe Parenthesis Apposition And many more

Suggests that one consider the psychological aspects of preparing to communicate and the performance of communicating itself, especially in an oral or impromptu setting.

 Delivery, the last of the five canons of rhetoric, concerns itself with how something is said, rather than what is said. The Greek word for delivery is "hypokrisis" or "acting," and rhetoric has borrowed from that art a studied attention to vocal training and to the use of gestures.

Narration....... What happened? When did it happen? Where did it happen? Description..... What does it look like? What are its characteristics? Exemplification.. What are some typical cases or examples of it? Process.......... How did it happen? What makes it work? How is it made? Cause and Effect.. Why did it happen? What caused it? What does it cause? What are its effects? How is it related to something else? Comparison and Contrast.......... How is it like other things? How is it different from other things? Classification and Division.......... What are its parts or types? How can its parts or types be separated or grouped? Do its parts or types fit into a logical order? Into what categories can its parts or types be arranged? Definition........ What is it? How does it resemble other members of its class? How does it differ from other members of its class? What are its limits? Persuasion........ What is the issue? What is your position or opinion? What is the opposing position/opinion? What are some reasons for your position/opinion? What are some cases or examples that support this?

 www.hcs.harvard.edu/~rhetoric/summary.doc http://rwc.hunter.cuny.edu/readingwriting/on-line/patt-dev.html http://rhetoric.byu.edu/canons/Delivery.htm