1. Assess O2 (normal: 80-100 for arterial blood*) Does the client have hypoxemia !.

Assess for acidosis (p" #$.%&) or al'alosis (p" ($.)&). %. Assess for *espiratory (p+O2) or ,etabolic ("+O3) components.

. Evaluation
-ormal... *espiratory Acidosis *espiratoty Al'alosis ,etabolic Acidosis ,etabolic Al'alosis

pH
$.%&-$.)& #$.%& ($.)& #$.%& ($.)&

pCO2**
%&-)& ()& #%& /-0 /-0

HCO3
!!-!8 /-0 /-0 #!! (!8

.
.

The "Seesaw" effect Respiratory acidosis . Respiratory Respiratory alkalosis

The "Elevator" effect

Metabolic acidosis

Metabolic

Metabolic alkalosis

4. Assess for compensation (the body1s ability to correct acidosis or al'alosis). +ompensation is present if the p" is normal even tho23h the p+O2 and4or the "+O3 are abnormal. 5. 5f compensation is present6 assess 7hich is the primary component causing the imbalance and 7hich is the compensatory component

correcting the imbalance. . a. 5s the p" in the acid ran3e ($.%&-$.)0) or in the al'aline ran3e ($.)1-$.)&) b. 8he component in the same direction as the p" is the primary component. c. 8he component in the opposite direction as the p" is the compensatory
component.

. Evaluation
+ompensated *espiratory Acidosis

ph

pCO2 HCO3
(!8 #!! #!! (!8

$.%&-$.)0 ()&

+ompensated *espiratoty Al'alosis $.)1-$.)& #%& +ompensated ,etabolic Acidosis +ompensated ,etabolic Al'alosis $.%&-$.)0 #%& $.)1-$.)& ()&